U.S. patent application number 09/820816 was filed with the patent office on 2002-02-21 for automatic spray dispenser.
This patent application is currently assigned to GOTIT LTD.. Invention is credited to Yahav, Shimon.
Application Number | 20020020756 09/820816 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 11071017 |
Filed Date | 2002-02-21 |
United States Patent
Application |
20020020756 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Yahav, Shimon |
February 21, 2002 |
Automatic spray dispenser
Abstract
A dispenser for attachment to a container containing a fluid
material, including an actuator which keeps the container in a
substantially constantly open configuration so as to allow the
fluid to pass into the dispenser, and a controllable outlet,
through which a portion of the fluid is emitted from the dispenser,
substantially independent of the fluid pressure in the
container.
Inventors: |
Yahav, Shimon; (Rehovot,
IL) |
Correspondence
Address: |
Intellectual Property Group
Pillsbury Winthrop LLP
Ninth Floor East Tower
1100 New York Avenue, N.W.
Washington
DC
20005-3918
US
|
Assignee: |
GOTIT LTD.
|
Family ID: |
11071017 |
Appl. No.: |
09/820816 |
Filed: |
March 30, 2001 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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09820816 |
Mar 30, 2001 |
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09582295 |
Oct 10, 2000 |
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09582295 |
Oct 10, 2000 |
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PCT/IL98/00618 |
Dec 18, 1998 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
239/11 ; 239/350;
239/573; 239/69; 239/70; 239/72 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D 83/262
20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
239/11 ; 239/69;
239/70; 239/72; 239/350; 239/573 |
International
Class: |
B05B 017/04; B05B
001/30 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Dec 25, 1997 |
IL |
122770 |
Claims
1. A dispenser for attachment to a container containing a fluid
material, comprising: an actuator which keeps the container in a
substantially constantly open configuration so as to allow the
fluid to pass into the dispenser; and a controllable outlet,
through which a portion of the fluid is emitted from the dispenser,
substantially independent of the fluid pressure in the
container.
2. A dispenser as in claim 1, wherein the fluid material in the
container is pressurized.
3. A dispenser as in claim 1, wherein the fluid material in the
container is non-pressurized.
4. A dispenser as in claim 1, wherein the size of the emitted
portion is controlled by varying an amount of time in which the
controllable outlet is in an open state.
5. A dispenser as in claim 1, wherein the dispenser has an open
stare in which the fluid is emitted from the dispenser, and a
closed state in which the fluid is prevented from leaving the
dispenser, and wherein the dispenser consumes energy substantially
only during transition between the open and closed states.
6. A dispenser as in any of the preceding claims, and comprising an
electric motor which controls passage of the portion of the fluid
through the outlet.
7. A dispenser for attachment to a container containing a fluid
material, comprising: an actuator, which keeps the container
substantially constantly in an open configuration so as to allow
the fluid to pass into the dispenser; and an electric motor, which
opens the dispenser so that fluid is emitted therefrom and closes
the dispenser to prevent the fluid emission.
8. A dispenser as in claim 7, wherein the motor is battery
operated.
9. A dispenser as in claim 7, wherein the motor is connected to an
electric line.
10. A dispenser as in any of claims 6-9, wherein the motor opens
and closes the dispenser by a rotational movement.
11. A dispenser as in claim 1, wherein the container has a valve,
and the dispenser has a bore therethrough, which receives the fluid
from the valve, the bore comprising a first part having a first
inner diameter and a second part having a second inner diameter,
larger than the first inner diameter, wherein the dispenser
includes: a hollow shaft, axially movable within the bore, the
shaft having a hole disposed along the length thereof such that
when the hole is positioned in the first part of the bore, the
fluid does not pass through the shaft, and when the hole is in the
second part of the bore, the fluid passes through the shaft and is
emitted from the dispenser.
12. A dispenser as in claim 11, and comprising a lever connected to
the shaft, such that the shaft is axially moved by the lever.
13. A dispenser as in claim 12, and comprising a screw which drives
the lever, wherein the lever comprises an internal thread for
receiving the screw.
14. A dispenser as in claim 11, wherein the outlet includes an
orifice through which the material is emitted, and wherein the size
of the orifice is not substantially smaller than the size of the
hole, so that a gas leaving the container does not expand within
the dispenser.
15. A dispenser as in claim 1, wherein the dispenser operates
substantially without dependence on gears or cams.
16. A dispenser as in claim 1, wherein the container has a valve
and the actuator comprises a plunger which depresses the valve.
17. A dispenser as in claim 1, wherein the actuator comprises a
hose.
18. A dispenser as in claim 1, and comprising a processor which
periodically actuates emission of the fluid.
19. A dispenser as in claim 18, and comprising a user interface for
controlling the operation of the dispenser.
20. A dispenser as in claim 18, wherein the processor is programmed
to actuate different emission durations at different times.
21. A dispenser as in claim 1, wherein the dispenser comprises an
adapter for attaching the dispenser to different types of
containers.
22. A dispensing container comprising: a can containing a fluid; a
dispenser head which has an open state in which the fluid is
emitted from the can and a closed state in which the fluid is not
emitted; and a motor which changes the state of the dispenser head
between the open and closed states.
23. A dispenser as in claim 22, wherein the dispenser head has a
bore therethrough, which receives the fluid from the can, the bore
comprising a first part having a first inner diameter and a second
part having a second inner diameter, larger than the first inner
diameter, wherein the dispenser head includes: a hollow shaft,
axially movable within the bore, the shaft having a hole disposed
along the length thereof such that when the hole is positioned in
the first part of the bore, the fluid does not pass through the
shaft, and when the hole is in the second part of the bore, the
fluid passes through the shaft and is emitted from the dispenser
head.
24. A dispenser as in claim 1, wherein the dispenser is
portable.
25. A dispenser as in claim 1, wherein the fluid is dispensed to
water a plant.
26. A dispenser as in claim 1, wherein the fluid comprises a
deodorant.
27. A dispenser as in claim 1, wherein the fluid comprises an
insecticide.
28. A dispenser as in claim 1, wherein the fluid comprises a
smoke-producing material.
29. A dispenser as in claim 1, and comprising a horn mounted on the
dispenser so as to make a sound when the fluid is emitted.
30. A dispenser as in claim 1, wherein the fluid is emitted as an
aerosol.
31. A dispenser as in claim 1, and comprising a hanger for hanging
the dispenser such that the dispenser is free to turn.
32. A cooling device comprising: an insulating case; a pressurized
gas container; and a dispenser, arranged to periodically emit the
gas from the container into the case in order to cool the interior
of the case.
33. The device of claim 32, and comprising a one-way valve for
emitting excess gas from the case.
34. The device of claim 33, wherein the excess gas emitted from the
case comprises gas that is generally warmer than an average
temperature of the gas in the case.
35. The device of claim 33, wherein the excess gas emitted from the
case comprises gas that has been in the case for a generally longer
period than most of the gas in the case.
36. The device of claim 32, wherein the insulating case comprises
passages and the gas emitted from the container leaves the case
substantially only through the passages.
37. The device of claim 32, wherein the dispenser is fixed to the
container such that the container is in a substantially constantly
open position, allowing the gas to pass into the dispenser, and
wherein the dispenser emits the gas substantially independently of
the gas pressure in the container.
38. The device of claim 32, wherein the dispenser comprises an
electric motor which drives the dispenser to emit the gas by
rotational movements of the motor.
39. The device of claim 32, and comprising a thermostat which
actuates emission of the gas.
40. A method for dispensing a material from a container having a
valve, comprising: fixing a dispenser to the container, such that
the dispenser holds the valve in a substantially constantly open
position, so as to allow the material to pass into the dispenser;
and emitting the material from the dispenser substantially
independently of the pressure of the material in the container.
41. The method of claim 40, wherein fixing the dispenser to the
container comprises fixing the dispenser to a container containing
a pressurized material.
42. The method of claim 40, wherein the dispenser includes an
electric motor, and emitting the material comprises actuating the
motor so as to cause the material to be emitted.
43. The method of claim 42, wherein actuating the motor comprises
driving a rotational movement using the electric motor.
44. The method of claim 40, wherein emitting the material comprises
emitting the material periodically.
45. The method of claim 40, wherein emitting the material comprises
emitting the material at a first rate during a first period and
emitting the material at a second rate during a second period.
46. The method of claim 40, wherein emitting the material comprises
emitting the material in response to an external signal.
47. The method of claim 46, wherein emitting the material comprises
emitting the material in response to a signal received from a
sensor.
48. The method of claim 40, wherein emitting the material comprises
emitting an aerosol.
49. The method of claim 40, wherein emitting the material comprises
emitting a deodorant.
50. The method of claim 40, wherein emitting the material comprises
emitting an insecticide.
51. The method of claim 40, wherein emitting the material comprises
emitting smoke.
52. The method of claim 40, wherein emitting the material comprises
watering a plant.
53. The method of claim 40, and comprising hanging the dispenser
such that it is free to turn.
54. The method of claim 40, wherein emitting the material comprises
bringing the dispenser from a closed state to an open state in
which the material is emitted from the dispenser, and wherein the
dispenser consumes energy substantially only during transition
between the open and closed states.
55. A method of maintaining a concentration level of a material
within an area comprising: receiving a signal from a sensing
device, in response to the level of the material in the area; and
setting an automatic dispenser mounted on a container of the
material to operate responsive to the sensor.
56. The method of claim 55, wherein setting the dispenser comprises
setting the dispenser to operate when the level is beneath a
predetermined level.
57. The method of claim 55 or claim 56, wherein the material
comprises oxygen.
58. Apparatus for maintaining a concentration level of a material
within an area, comprising: a container containing the material; a
sensor which senses the concentration of the material within the
area and generates signals responsive to the concentration; and an
automatic dispenser mounted on the container which dispenses the
material in response to the signals from the sensor, wherein the
apparatus operates substantially independently of any wired or
fluid communication with elements other than the sensor, container
and dispenser.
59. The apparatus of claim 58, wherein the sensor generates signals
responsive to a concentration below a predetermined level.
60. A method of maintaining a low temperature in a volume,
comprising controlling an automatic dispenser to automatically emit
a gas from a pressurized gas container into the volume.
61. The method of claim 60, wherein directing the dispenser
comprises setting the dispenser to periodically emit the gas.
62. The method of claim 60, wherein directing the dispenser
comprises directing the dispenser to emit the gas responsive to a
temperature sensor.
63. The method of claim 60, wherein the gas comprises air.
64. The method of claim 60, and comprising emitting excess gas from
the volume which is generally warmer than an average temperature of
the gas in the volume.
65. The method of any of claims 60-63, and comprising emitting
excess gas from the volume which gas has been in the volume
generally for a longer period than most of the gas therein.
66. A method of pest control comprising: mounting an automatic
dispenser having a horn head on a pressurized gas container; and
operating the dispenser automatically to periodically emit a
portion of the gas in the container so as to operate the horn.
67. The method of claim 66, wherein periodically emitting the gas
comprises emitting gas in response to detection of a pest.
68. The method of claim 66 or claim 67, wherein periodically
emitting the gas comprises emitting gas so as to cause movement
disturbing to the pest.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates generally to the field of
spray dispensers, and specifically to electric-powered automatic
dispensers.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Certain products such as insecticides and air fresheners are
commonly supplied in pressurized containers. The contents of the
container are usually dispensed to the atmosphere by pressing down
on a valve at the top of the container. The contents of the
container are consequently emitted through a channel in the
valve.
[0003] In many cases it is desired that the contents of the
container be automatically dispensed periodically. Many automatic
dispensers are known in the art.
[0004] A first type of automatic dispenser includes dispensers with
mechanical means, such as an arm, which periodically presses the
valve of the container. Such dispensers are described, for example,
in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,184,612, 3,739,944, 3,543,122, 3,768,732,
5,038,972 and 3,018,056. However, these dispensers cannot
accurately control the output of the container, since the valve and
the contact of the dispenser with the valve are not accurately
controlled by the dispenser. Also these dispensers are generally
not portable and are fit for use only with containers of a specific
size. The valves are also susceptible to failure because of valve
sticking, resulting in complete discharge of the contents of the
container within a short period.
[0005] Another type of automatic dispenser employs a solenoid,
which is periodically energized in order to emit a burst of the
contents of the container. Such dispensers are described, for
example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,415,797, 3,351,240 and 3,187,949.
These dispensers require substantial electrical power, and are
dependent on gravity and/or the fluid pressure in the container for
successful operation.
[0006] A third type of automatic dispenser is described, for
example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,447,273. In this automatic dispenser
the pneumatic pressure of the container is used to operate a timing
device causing the contents of the container to be periodically
dispensed. However, the ability to control the dispensation
intervals is complicated and limited due to the pneumatic
characteristic of the timing device.
[0007] Automatic dispensation from non-pressurized containers is
described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,449,117.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0008] It is an object of some aspects of the present invention to
provide an automatic spray dispenser, which allows accurate control
of the amount of discharged material. Therefore, it is possible to
use the dispenser with materials which require dispensing in
accurate quantities.
[0009] It is a further object of some aspects of the present
invention to provide an automatic spray dispenser which allows
flexibility in setting the frequency of dispensation.
[0010] It is yet another object of some aspects of the present
invention to provide an automatic spray dispenser which is
compatible with a large variety of containers.
[0011] It is yet another object of some aspects of the present
invention to provide an automatic spray dispenser which is compact
and portable.
[0012] It is yet another object of some aspects of the present
invention to provide an automatic spray dispenser which is
operationally reliable.
[0013] It is yet another object of some aspects of the present
invention to provide an automatic spray dispenser which is of a
simple construction.
[0014] It is yet another object of some aspects of the present
invention to provide an automatic spray dispenser which has low
energy consumption.
[0015] In accordance with preferred embodiments of the present
invention, there is provided a spray dispenser which can be mounted
on a large variety of pressurized containers, for dispensing
aerosol materials and other fluids. Such containers typically have
a built-in valve, which is actuated by being pressed down. The
spray dispenser is firmly attached to the container, whereupon the
valve of the container is kept constantly open by an actuator.
[0016] Preferably, the valve is continuously depressed by a
corresponding plunger in the dispenser. Preferably, the plunger is
an integral part of the dispenser. Alternatively or additionally,
the plunger is a separate unit which accommodates the dispenser to
the container. Thus, the valve is held constantly open, but the
dispenser prevents the contents of the container from being
released. This feature enables the dispenser to operate
substantially independently of any particular characteristics of
the container, and it is possible to employ the dispenser of the
present invention with a large variety of standard and non-standard
containers. The dispenser includes an outlet which controllably
releases portions of the contents of the container according to
predefined or user actuated instructions.
[0017] Preferably, the dispenser allows automatic periodic
dispensing of the spray. The amount of spray emitted at each period
is preferably controlled by setting the time in which the outlet is
open.
[0018] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the
dispenser comprises an electric circuit, preferably including a
microprocessor, which controls the release of material from the
container, according to predetermined settings, preferably set by a
user. Preferably, the settings include the interval between
dispensations and the duration of each dispensation. Alternatively
or additionally, the dispenser includes an operation switch for
selecting among constant/periodic/ off modes of operation. Further
preferably, the dispenser can be programmed to have different
frequencies of operation at different times. For example, an
insecticide may be dispensed in an office during nights before work
days at a first rate, while during nights before holidays the
insecticide is dispensed at a second rate.
[0019] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, a
photoelectric cell is coupled to the microprocessor, to change the
operation mode of the dispenser between day and night modes of
operation. The microprocessor may be further coupled to a
thermostat, wind sensor or any other required sensors, such as
sensors of "MEMS" (Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems) technology, so
as to operate the dispenser in response thereto. In one such
preferred embodiment, the dispenser has a plug for connecting to
external sensors and/or remote controls.
[0020] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the
dispenser actively opens and closes the controlled outlet, so that
its operation is not dependent on gravity or on the pressure within
the container. Thus the dispenser may be positioned in any
orientation without causing problems in its operation.
[0021] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the
dispenser has an open state in which a fluid is emitted from the
dispenser, and a closed state in which the fluid is prevented from
leaving the dispenser. The dispenser substantially does not consume
energy during the open and closed states, and consumes energy only
during transition between the open and closed states.
[0022] In preferred embodiments of the present invention, the
dispenser comprises a motor, which applies rotational movement in
order to dispense material from the dispenser. The use of
rotational, rather than linear, movement generally requires less
energy and allows better control of the dispenser. The use of a
motor requires energy only when opening and closing the outlet,
whereas a solenoid continuously requires energy in order to
dispense the material in the container.
[0023] Preferably, the dispenser is assembled in a simple manner
without use of screws, in order to reduce the cost and skill
required for assembly. Further preferably, the dispenser does not
include gears or cams, so that accurate sizing and placement is not
required in the manufacturing process.
[0024] Preferably, the spray dispenser is battery-operated and
contains within it batteries which supply operation power.
Preferably, the batteries are packed in an easily replaceable
battery power pack. Most preferably, the batteries are
rechargeable, and may be recharged within the dispenser, while the
dispenser is in use, for example, using a car battery, an AC
electric supply, a solar power cell or any other suitable power
source. Alternatively or additionally, the dispenser may operate
directly on power received from a car battery or from an AC
electric supply and, preferably, contains a transformer suitable
for connecting to a local electric line. In addition to the battery
or AC power, or as an alternative thereto, the dispenser may
receive power from a solar cell, so that it may be placed in remote
areas, without any wired connection and without the necessity of
replacing its power supply. In some preferred embodiments of the
present invention, the microprocessor has a separate power supply
from the power supply of the motor, so that short failures in the
main power supply do not erase the time settings of the
microprocessor. The power supply of the microprocessor is
preferably a miniature battery, such as used for example in
electric watches.
[0025] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the
outlet of the dispenser comprises an orifice which allows
attachment of a large variety of different orifice heads thereto.
Such orifice heads may include nozzles of various dispersion
properties, for example, wide-range heads for covering large angles
at a close range, long-range orifice heads, and curved orifice
heads which preferably turn in response to emission of the spray,
to cover a wider area. Other orifice heads may also be used,
including moisture heads, illumination heads, whistle heads and
flame heads. The orifice heads may have various orifice sizes,
including small diameters which may achieve a directional force
sufficient to mechanically move an object, such as a switch.
[0026] Dispensers in accordance with the present invention may be
used in conjunction with containers of a wide variety of materials,
including, but not limited to, sterilizers, insecticides,
deodorants, smoke absorbents, colored smoke, oil, glue (for
example, for use on factory production lines), fuels (which are
periodically sprayed into a furnace or engine, for example), gases
(including air), paints, fire extinguishers, cleaning materials and
water. Whereas prior art dispensers are unsuitable or unsafe to use
with certain materials that are considered harmful at large
concentrations, such as insecticides, the dispenser of the present
invention allows very small quantities of such materials to be
dispensed at a high accuracy. This accuracy is achieved partially
due to the feature that as the dispenser holds the valve of the
container constantly open, the emission of the contents of the
container is controlled solely by the dispenser. In addition, the
rotational movements of the motor cause the speed at which the
dispenser is opened and closed to be fast and precisely defined.
Therefore, dispensers in accordance with preferred embodiments of
the present invention can be used to dispense insecticides and
other materials in rooms occupied by humans, animals or delicate
plants, with fewer restrictions than may be required by prior art
dispensers.
[0027] In preferred embodiments of the present invention, adapters
are provided for connecting the dispenser to containers of various
sizes, shapes, structures and positions and to containers having
valves of various sizes. Preferably, such adapters fit between the
valve and the dispenser, forming an airtight connection
therebetween. Furthermore, adapters may also be provided for
connecting the dispenser to containers which do not have valves of
their own.
[0028] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, a
hose adapter is used to connect between the container and the
dispenser. At one end the hose adapter has a connector which fits
the container. The connector may either include a plunger, as
described above, which fits on standard valves or any other
suitable fitting. On its other end, the adapter has a valve or
other fitting for connecting to the dispenser. Use of such a hose
adapter allows placement of the dispenser at a high or otherwise
inaccessible location, while dispensing material from a large
container positioned on a lower surface. Furthermore, the hose
adapter may be connected to a multiplicity of containers and/or to
a multiplicity of dispensers.
[0029] It is noted that the fluid in the containers of preferred
embodiments of the present invention may be pre-pressurized or may
be pressurized each time it is desired to extract the fluid. For
example, the motor of the dispenser may be used to pressurize the
contents of the container each time it extracts fluid from the
dispenser.
[0030] Dispensers in accordance with other preferred embodiments of
the present invention may also be utilized to periodically emit
accurate amounts of material from non-pressurized containers. For
example, such a dispenser may be used to water plants with a water
container placed with its orifice facing down. A fertilizer or
other nutrient may be mixed with the water, as is known in the art.
Alternatively, an air pressure supply or a container of pressurized
air or other gas may be used along with a Venturi jet to emit the
contents of one or more non-pressurized containers.
[0031] Although in the above embodiments the dispenser is described
as forming a unit separate from the container, it will be
appreciated by those skilled in the art that the dispenser may be
designed to fit a specific container or may be formed as part of a
container.
[0032] There is therefore provided in accordance with a preferred
embodiment of the present invention, a dispenser for attachment to
a container containing a fluid material, including:
[0033] an actuator which keeps the container in a substantially
constantly open configuration so as to allow the fluid to pass into
the dispenser; and
[0034] a controllable outlet, through which a portion of the fluid
is emitted from the dispenser, substantially independent of the
fluid pressure in the container.
[0035] Preferably, the fluid material in the container is
pressurized or non-pressurized.
[0036] Preferably, the size of the emitted portion is controlled by
varying an amount of time in which the controllable outlet is in an
open state.
[0037] Preferably, the dispenser has an open state in which the
fluid is emitted from the dispenser, and a closed state in which
the fluid is prevented from leaving the dispenser, and the
dispenser consumes energy substantially only during transition
between the open and closed states.
[0038] Preferably, the dispenser includes an electric motor which
controls passage of the portion of the fluid through the
outlet.
[0039] There is further provided in accordance with a preferred
embodiment of the present invention, a dispenser for attachment to
a container containing a fluid material, including:
[0040] an actuator, which keeps the container substantially
constantly in an open configuration so as to allow the fluid to
pass into the dispenser; and
[0041] an electric motor, which opens the dispenser so that fluid
is emitted therefrom and closes the dispenser to prevent the fluid
emission.
[0042] Preferably, the motor is battery operated and/or is
connected to an electric line.
[0043] Further preferably, the motor opens and closes the dispenser
by a rotational movement.
[0044] Preferably, the container has a valve, and the dispenser has
a bore therethrough, which receives the fluid from the valve, the
bore including a first part having a first inner diameter and a
second part having a second inner diameter, larger than the first
inner diameter, wherein the dispenser includes:
[0045] a hollow shaft, axially movable within the bore, the shaft
having a hole disposed along the length thereof such that when the
hole is positioned in the first part of the bore, the fluid does
not pass through the shaft, and when the hole is in the second part
of the bore, the fluid passes through the shaft and is emitted from
the dispenser.
[0046] Preferably, the dispenser includes a lever connected to the
shaft, such that the shaft is axially moved by the lever.
[0047] Further preferably, the dispenser includes a screw which
drives the lever, and the lever includes an internal thread for
receiving the screw.
[0048] Preferably, the outlet includes an orifice through which the
material is emitted, and the size of the orifice is nor
substantially smaller than the size of the hole, so that a gas
leaving the container does not expand within the dispenser.
[0049] Preferably, the dispenser operates substantially without
dependence on gears or cams.
[0050] Preferably, the container has a valve and the actuator
includes a plunger which depresses the valve. Alternatively or
additionally, the actuator includes a hose.
[0051] Preferably, the dispenser includes a processor which
periodically actuates emission of the fluid.
[0052] Further preferably, the dispenser includes a user interface
for controlling the operation of the dispenser.
[0053] Preferably, the processor is programmed to actuate different
emission durations at different times.
[0054] Preferably, the dispenser includes an adapter for attaching
the dispenser to different types of containers.
[0055] There is further provided in accordance with a preferred
embodiment of the present invention, a dispensing container
including:
[0056] a can containing a fluid;
[0057] a dispenser head which has an open state in which the fluid
is emitted from the can and a closed state in which the fluid is
not emitted; and
[0058] a motor which changes the state of the dispenser head
between the open and closed states.
[0059] Preferably, the dispenser head has a bore therethrough,
which receives the fluid from the can, the bore comprising a first
part having a first inner diameter and a second part having a
second inner diameter, larger than the first inner diameter,
wherein the dispenser head includes:
[0060] a hollow shaft, axially movable within the bore, the shaft
having a hole disposed along the length thereof such that when the
hole is positioned in the first part of the bore, the fluid does
not pass through the shaft, and when the hole is in the second part
of the bore, the fluid passes through the shaft and is emitted from
the dispenser head.
[0061] Preferably, the dispenser is portable.
[0062] In a preferred embodiment, the fluid is dispensed to water a
plant.
[0063] In other preferred embodiments, the fluid includes a
deodorant, an insecticide, and/or a smoke-producing material.
[0064] In a preferred embodiment, the dispenser includes a horn
mounted on the dispenser so as to make a sound when the fluid is
emitted.
[0065] Preferably, the fluid is emitted as an aerosol.
[0066] Preferably, the dispenser includes a hanger for hanging the
dispenser such that the dispenser is free to turn.
[0067] There is further provided in accordance with a preferred
embodiment of the present invention, a cooling device
including:
[0068] an insulating case;
[0069] a pressurized gas container; and
[0070] a dispenser, arranged to periodically emit the gas from the
container into the case in order to cool the interior of the
case.
[0071] Preferably, the device includes a one-way valve for emitting
excess gas from the case.
[0072] Preferably, the excess gas emitted from the case includes
gas that is generally warmer than an average temperature of the gas
in the case.
[0073] Preferably, the excess gas emitted from the case includes
gas that has been in the case for a generally longer period than
most of the gas in the case.
[0074] Preferably, the insulating case includes passages and the
gas emitted from the container leaves the case substantially only
through the passages.
[0075] Preferably, the dispenser is fixed to the container such
that the container is in a substantially constantly open position,
allowing the gas to pass into the dispenser, and the dispenser
emits the gas substantially independently of the gas pressure in
the container.
[0076] Preferably, the dispenser includes an electric motor which
drives the dispenser to emit the gas by rotational movements of the
motor.
[0077] Preferably, the device includes a thermostat which actuates
emission of the gas.
[0078] There is further provided in accordance with a preferred
embodiment of the present invention, a method for dispensing a
material from a container having a valve, including:
[0079] fixing a dispenser to the container, such that the dispenser
holds the valve in a substantially constantly open position, so as
to allow the material to pass into the dispenser; and
[0080] emitting the material from the dispenser substantially
independently of the pressure of the material in the container.
[0081] Preferably, fixing the dispenser to the container includes
fixing the dispenser to a container containing a pressurized
material.
[0082] Preferably, the dispenser includes an electric motor, and
emitting the material includes actuating the motor so as to cause
the material to be emitted.
[0083] Further preferably, actuating the motor includes driving a
rotational movement using the electric motor.
[0084] Preferably, emitting the material includes emitting the
material periodically.
[0085] Further preferably, emitting the material includes emitting
the material at a first rate during a first period and emitting the
material at a second rate during a second period.
[0086] Alternatively or additionally, emitting the material
includes emitting the material in response to an external
signal.
[0087] Preferably, emitting the material includes emitting the
material in response to a signal received from a sensor.
[0088] Preferably, emitting the material includes emitting an
aerosol.
[0089] Alternatively or additionally, emitting the material
includes emitting a deodorant.
[0090] Alternatively, emitting the material includes emitting an
insecticide.
[0091] Alternatively or additionally, emitting the material
includes emitting smoke.
[0092] Further alternatively, emitting the material includes
watering a plant.
[0093] Preferably, the method includes hanging the dispenser such
that it is free to turn.
[0094] Preferably, emitting the material includes bringing the
dispenser from a closed state to an open state in which the
material is emitted from the dispenser, and wherein the dispenser
consumes energy substantially only during transition between the
open and closed states.
[0095] There is further provided in accordance with a preferred
embodiment of the present invention, a method of maintaining a
concentration level of a material within an area including:
[0096] receiving a signal from a sensing device, in response to the
level of the material in the area; and
[0097] setting an automatic dispenser mounted on a container of the
material to operate responsive to the sensor.
[0098] Preferably, setting the dispenser includes setting the
dispenser to operate when the level is beneath a predetermined
level.
[0099] Preferably, the material includes oxygen.
[0100] There is further provided in accordance with a preferred
embodiment of the present invention, apparatus for maintaining a
concentration level of a material within an area, including:
[0101] a container containing the material;
[0102] a sensor which senses the concentration of the material
within the area and generates signals responsive to the
concentration; and
[0103] an automatic dispenser mounted on the container which
dispenses the material in response to the signals from the sensor,
wherein the apparatus operates substantially independently of any
wired or fluid communication with elements other than the sensor,
container and dispenser.
[0104] Preferably, the sensor generates signals responsive to a
concentration below a predetermined level.
[0105] There is further provided in accordance with a preferred
embodiment of the present invention, a method of maintaining a low
temperature in a volume including controlling an automatic
dispenser to automatically emit a gas from a pressurized gas
container into the volume.
[0106] Preferably, directing the dispenser includes setting the
dispenser to periodically emit the gas.
[0107] Alternatively or additionally, directing the dispenser
includes directing the dispenser to emit the gas responsive to a
temperature sensor.
[0108] Preferably, the gas includes air.
[0109] Preferably, the method includes emitting excess gas from the
volume which is generally warmer than an average temperature of the
gas in the volume.
[0110] Preferably, the method includes emitting excess gas from the
volume which gas has been in the volume generally for a longer
period than most of the gas therein.
[0111] There is further provided in accordance with a preferred
embodiment of the present invention, a method of pest control
including:
[0112] mounting an automatic dispenser having a horn head on a
pressurized gas container; and
[0113] operating the dispenser automatically to periodically emit a
portion of the gas in the container so as to operate the horn.
[0114] Preferably, periodically emitting the gas includes emitting
gas in response to detection of a pest.
[0115] Preferably, periodically emitting the gas includes emitting
gas so as to cause movement disturbing to the pest. The present
invention will be more fully understood from the following detailed
description of the preferred embodiments thereof, taken together
with the drawings, in which:
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0116] FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an automatic
dispenser in operation, attached to a container, in accordance with
a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
[0117] FIGS. 2-4 are schematic perspective views of the dispenser
of FIG. 1 with various mounting devices, in accordance with
preferred embodiments of the present invention;
[0118] FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the dispenser of
FIG. 4;
[0119] FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the dispenser
of FIG. 4 in a closed position;
[0120] FIG. 7 is a perspective, partly sectional view of the
dispenser of FIG. 4, in the closed position;
[0121] FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the dispenser
of FIG. 4 in an open position;
[0122] FIG. 9 is a perspective, partly sectional view of the
dispenser of FIG. 4 in the open position;
[0123] FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a dispenser which operates on
a remote container, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of
the present invention;
[0124] FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a scarecrow utilizing an
automatic dispenser, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of
the present invention;
[0125] FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a dispenser with a Venturi
jet, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present
invention;
[0126] FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a cooler utilizing an
automatic dispenser, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of
the present invention;
[0127] FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a cooler utilizing an
automatic dispenser, in accordance with another preferred
embodiment of the present invention; and
[0128] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating air flow in the
cooler of FIG. 14, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the
present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0129] FIG. 1 shows an automatic dispenser 20 mounted on a
pressurized aerosol container 22, in accordance with a preferred
embodiment of the present invention. Dispenser 20 dispenses a
material held in the container via an orifice head 38, which may
include a dispensing tube 37. Dispenser 20 controls the
dispensation of the contents, which are preferably dispensed
periodically according to user settings. A control panel 30 is
preferably situated on a top side of dispenser 20, to receive user
settings of the dispenser's operation, including the frequency of
dispensations and the duration of each dispensation. Preferably,
the frequency of dispensation may be between once every few seconds
to once every few days. Alternatively or additionally, dispenser 20
is operated by an external signal originating, for example, from a
sensor or a factory line control.
[0130] Preferably, dispenser 20 has three switches 32, which allow
easy selection of the operation settings by the user. In a
preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first switch sets
the dispensation duration in tenths of seconds; a second switch
selects the units in which the interval between durations is
measured, e.g., seconds, minutes, hours, days or weeks; and a third
switch sets the length of the interval in the selected units.
[0131] Preferably, the second switch allows choosing other modes of
operation including external control, off, constant and a test
mode. It is noted that other controls, including various switches
and displays, may also be used to set the dispensation timings, as
is known in the art.
[0132] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, a
wide base 39 is attached to container 22 when it is to be placed on
the ground or on another surface. Base 39 prevents container 22
from moving when the material is dispensed therefrom at a high
rate. Alternatively, dispenser 20 may be fixed to a pole or wall to
prevent turning thereof, as shown for example in FIG. 2.
[0133] FIGS. 2-4 show dispenser 20 with various mounting devices
therefor, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present
invention. It is noted that other mounting methods may be used,
including methods allowing dispenser 20 to rotate in various
patterns as applied, for example, in the sprinkler industry.
[0134] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, shown in
FIG. 2, dispenser 20 is mounted by a fixed holder 33 having a
receiving groove 27 which firmly holds a slit 49 located in
dispenser 20 close to orifice head 38. Thus, dispenser 20 is
tightly held and prevented from rotating.
[0135] FIG. 3 shows another preferred embodiment of the present
invention, in which dispenser 20 is mounted on a rotating hanger 31
which rotates together with the dispenser.
[0136] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, shown in
FIG. 4, dispenser 20 is hung on a hanger 34 in a manner allowing
free turning of the dispenser and container relative to the
surroundings. Dispensing tube 37 is bent so that when the contents
of container 22 are emitted, dispenser 20 revolves around its axis
preferably in the direction of arrow 29, and the contents of the
container are distributed all around the dispenser.
[0137] It is noted that the methods of mounting dispenser 20
described above are shown by way of example and other accessories
may be used, including hooks, and double sided tape depending on
the specific purpose for which dispenser 20 is used. Preferably,
the accessories allow positioning dispenser 20 at any desired
orientation, since dispenser 20 may operate in substantially any
orientation due to its independence from gravity and other external
forces in emitting the material. The descriptors top, bottom,
upper, lower, etc., which are used in the following description,
refer therefore solely to the orientation of dispenser 20 shown in
the figures and are used throughout this description only for the
purpose of simplicity.
[0138] Dispenser 20 forms an air-tight sealed connection with
container 22, such that the contents of container 22 may be
dispensed only through dispenser 20, as described herein. An
elastic metal ring 24 at a bottom end 21 of dispenser 20 fits into
a groove 26 at the top of container 22, securing the connection.
The connection is preferably released by pressing on handles 25
(FIG. 5) at the edges of ring 24. Preferably, the connection is
capable of withstanding forces or a magnitude of at least 2-4 kg of
force to prevent separation of dispenser 20 from container 22 due
to the fluid pressure and or inadvertent external pressure.
[0139] When dispenser 20 is in connection with container 22, a
plunger, which is preferably an integral part of the bottom of the
dispenser, presses on an opening valve 28 of the container, so that
the valve is held constantly in the open position. The material in
container 22 and the pressure it exerts are thus controlled by
dispenser 20, which is compatible with a wide variety of spray
containers without dependence on their specific
characteristics.
[0140] Preferably, when mounting dispenser 20 on container 22, the
plunger presses on valve 28 only after a leak tight connection is
formed between valve 28 and dispenser 20.
[0141] The contents of container 22 enter dispenser 20 at bottom 21
of the dispenser, and leave through an orifice 36 (see FIG. 5) at
the top of the dispenser. Orifice head 38 is preferably mounted in
orifice 36 to direct the contents leaving the dispenser. Orifice
head 38 may have a narrow orifice, suitable for long-range
dispensing. Preferably, dispensing tube 37 extends from orifice
head 38 leading the contents of container 22 to the surroundings of
the dispenser. Alternatively, orifice head 38 may have a wide
orifice, suitable for covering a large area at a short range. It
will be appreciated that various and other orifice heads, as are
known in the art, may be used with the dispenser.
[0142] FIG. 5 shows an exploded view of dispenser 20, in accordance
with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Dispenser 20
comprises a case 100 having a cylindrical shape. Preferably, case
100 has a diameter of about 3.9 cm, and a height of about 10 cm. A
top piece 102 containing orifice 36, fits on top of case 100.
Preferably a bulge 43 in top piece 102 defines an upper bore 58
(see FIG. 6) which leads to orifice 36. Preferably, two slits 103
are defined in case 100 opposite top piece 102 which are sized and
positioned to accept ring 24.
[0143] A battery pack 81, preferably comprising three standard
batteries, fits into case 100 and supplies power for the operation
of dispenser 20. The material from container 22 is conveyed to
upper bore 58 and orifice 36 through a lower bore 50 defined by
three cylinder bolts 110, 120 and 122, and a shaft 52. Preferably,
bore 50 and shaft 52 run along the center of dispenser 20.
[0144] Shaft 52 contains a long, hollow core 116, which
communicates between bore 50 and bore 58. Core 116 is open at its
top end, leading to orifice 36, but is closed at its bottom end
118. At least one hole 90, preferably at least three such holes,
leading into a central lumen 104 of hollow core 116, are situated
radially near the bottom of core 116, preferably a few millimeters
from bottom end 118. An O-ring 55 surrounds and seals core 116
within bore 50, preferably within top bolt 122, and prevents
leakage of the material from container 22 into the interior of
dispenser 20. An additional O-ring 56 is preferably situated around
bore 58 to prevent leakage of the material from the bore to the
interior of dispenser 20. Preferably, bolt 122 has a slightly
smaller diameter in an area 121 along its length in which it
receives O-ring 55, so that external pressure does not cause damage
to the ring. Preferably, shaft 52 comprises a thick section 92 for
manipulation of the shaft. Thick section 92 connects to a lever 70
which manipulates shaft 52, as is described below.
[0145] FIGS. 6 and 7 show dispenser 20 in a closed state, in
accordance with a Preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Bottom bolt 110 of bore 50 serves as the plunger which presses down
on valve 28 in order to keep container 22 constantly open. Bottom
bolt 110 is shaped and sized to receive valve 28 of container 22 at
a lower side 105 of the bolt, such that the contents of the
container will flow through valve 28 only into bore 50. In order to
accommodate different sizes of valves 28, a replaceable adapter 112
may be used to seal the connection between valve 28 and bolt 110.
Alternatively or additionally, bolt 110 may be easily replaced to
accommodate the different valves. An O-ring 59 preferably aids in
sealing the connection. Preferably, the plunger part of bolt 110 is
deep enough within bolt 110 so that valve 28 is pressed only when
the valve is sealed within bolt 110. The contents of container 22
enter bore 50 and do not escape due to the tight fit of valve 28
within bolt 110. Bore 50 is blocked at its upper end by bottom end
118 of core 116, which in the closed state is situated within
bottom bolt 110. An O-ring 54 aids shaft 52 in preventing the
contents of container 22 from passing from bottom bolt 110 to
middle bolt 120. Preferably, an upper side 114 of bottom bolt 110
has an inner diameter which tightly receives core 116 of shaft
52.
[0146] Top bolt 122 preferably has an inner diameter of about the
same size as that of upper side 114 of bottom bolt 110, and
likewise prevents leakage of the contents of container 22 when
shaft 52 is within the bolt. Preferably, shaft 52 is always held
within top bolt 122, although at varying heights, preventing the
aerosol from escaping bore 50 through top bolt 122, into case 100.
Middle bolt 120, has an inner diameter larger than the outer
diameter of core 116. The larger inner diameter defines a cavity 88
which allows passage of the fluid, as is described below. Thus, the
fluid entering bore 50 can exit the bore only through holes 90 into
central lumen 104 of shaft 52. However, the fluid enters lumen 104
only when holes 90 are within middle bolt 120, due to the larger
inner diameter of bolt 120.
[0147] Preferably, bottom bolt 110, middle bolt 120 and top bolt
122 are held within a channel 130 in case 100. Channel 130 keeps
the bolts defining bore 50 tightly in place. Preferably, an O-ring
57 prevents bolt 110 from sliding within channel 130. Alternatively
or additionally, one or more of bolts 110, 120 and 122 may be
formed as an integral part of channel 130.
[0148] Lever 70 is connected on one side to section 92 of shaft 52
and on the other side to a screw 74, which is coupled to a motor
76. When dispenser 20 is to be moved between open and closed
states, motor 76 rotates screw 74, and lever 70 is moved from one
end of screw 74 to the other. Thus, the distance which lever 70
moves together with shaft 52 is determined by the length of screw
74, and there is no need to precisely control the number of turns
rotated by motor 76. Precise control of the number of rotations of
motor 76 requires relatively expensive apparatus that may be too
large for a small dispenser. Stoppers may be used at either end of
screw 74 to allow precise control of the distance of movement. The
stoppers preferably comprise a suitable non-stick material in order
to minimize the possibility of locking of the lever against the
stopper.
[0149] Preferably, screw 74 is slightly longer than the maximum
distance allowed for movement of shaft 52 between the open and
closed states. The extra length is compensated for by flexibility
of lever 70, which bends slightly and leans on screw 74 at both
open and closed states. Alternatively, screw 74 is substantially
longer than the allowed distance, and section 92 serves as a
stopper and prevents movement beyond the maximum allowed distance,
when section 92 meets the lower surface of top piece 102.
Preferably, section 92 includes a slot 94 for receiving lever 70.
Lever 70 comprises a collar 72, having approximately one turn of an
internal thread, which receives screw 74. Alternatively, the side
of lever 70 which fits on screw 74 comprises a step the size of
about half a turn of a thread of screw 74, which easily fits on the
screw. Preferably, collar 72 is flexible and large enough to leave
leeway, so as not to require accurate fitting of screw 74 to the
collar. In both the closed and open states of dispenser 20, collar
72 is situated at a respective end of screw 74 and exerts a slight
bend pressure on the screw. Thus screw 74 reliably enters collar
72, and there is substantially no risk of collar 72 not fitting
back on screw 74. Preferably, lever 70 comprises a non-abrasive
plastic or any other material having similar characteristics.
[0150] Motor 76 preferably comprises a standard DC motor, whose
shaft rotates screw 74. Alternatively, motor 76 may operate on AC
power. Motor 76 is controlled by a processor 78, which operates
according to the user's settings on control panel 30. Processor 78
and motor 76 preferably receive power from batteries 80 within
dispenser 20. Alternatively or additionally, dispenser 20 is
connected to a local electric line supply. Further alternatively or
additionally, processor 78 receives power from a miniature battery
separate from the power supply of the motor. As long as motor 76 is
not operated, lever 70 does not move and prevents shaft 52 from
moving under pressure from container 22.
[0151] FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate dispenser 20 in the open position,
in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
When dispenser 20 is to release a spray of aerosol, processor 78
actuates motor 76. Motor 76 rotates screw 74 clockwise (as
indicated by an arrow 79) causing lever 70 to elevate relative to
screw 74 and reach the too of screw 74. Shaft 52 is lifted by lever
70 such that its bottom end 118 is located within enlarged cavity
88 in bore 50. At this stage, the pressure of container 22 pushes
some of its contents into cavity 88. Hole 90 allows the contents to
enter hollow shaft 52 and consequently to move out to the
atmosphere, through orifice 36 at the top of dispenser 20.
[0152] After the spray has been dispensed for a predetermined time,
processor 78 actuates counter clockwise operation of motor 76,
indicated by an arrow 73, shown in FIG. 7, so as to lower lever 70.
Lever 70 pushes shaft 52 back to the closed state shown in FIGS. 6
and 7, and thus hole 90 is resealed in bottom bolt 110. Preferably,
the movements of screw 74 from one state to another require less
than 0.1 seconds. In the closed state, bent lever 70 aids in
prevention of shaft 52 from moving.
[0153] The force exerted by the pressure of container 22 on shaft
52 is equal to the cross-sectional area of the inner channel in
shaft 52 times the pressure of the container. In a preferred
embodiment of the present invention, shaft 52 has an inner diameter
of about 1.5 mm and the contents of container 22 are generally
pressurized to about 5 atmospheres, so that the force exerted is
approximately 90 grams of force. The force required to seal the
container is about 0.2 kg of force and the force applied by motor
76 to open/close dispenser 20 is preferably approximately between
0.4-0.5 kgs of force. In comparison pressing on the valve to open
the container, would require a force of about 2.5 kgs of force.
Thus, dispenser 20 generally consumes much less energy than
dispensers known in the art. It is noted that the force applied by
motor 76 can be adjusted by changing the length of screw 74 and/or
the thickness of lever 70.
[0154] The use of rotational movement to move shaft 52 allows the
elements of dispenser 20 to be manufactured with relatively low
precision. Thus, it is not necessary to use fine mechanical pieces
for screw 74 and lever 70. Also, dispenser 20 does not require
gears and cams, which complicate the mechanism and require more
accurate design and manufacture.
[0155] Preferably, hole 90 (or the aggregate of the plurality of
such holes) and orifice 36 have approximately the same
cross-sectional area. As gas is known to cool upon expansion, this
sizing relation will allow gas entering cavity 88 to exit orifice
36 without freezing inside dispenser 20.
[0156] Container 22 may contain any of a large variety of liquids
or gasses including, for example, air, oxygen, fuels, water, oils,
sterilizers, cleaning materials, insecticides and deodorants. It is
noted that some poisonous materials and fuels must be emitted in
small and accurate amounts in order to prevent damage. Therefore,
these materials could not generally be used in prior art
dispensers. This limitation is overcome by preferred embodiments of
the present invention which emit accurate amounts of material and
therefore allow use of these materials.
[0157] In the above preferred embodiment, dispenser 20 comprises a
plurality of parts which are connected together without requirement
of screws. For example, slots 106 in battery pack 81, shown in FIG.
5, facilitate such connection. This embodiment allows easy
production and assembling of the dispenser. However, it will be
clear to those skilled in the art that the dispenser may comprise
fewer or more parts, which may be connected in various manners. For
example, as mentioned above, bore 50 may comprise only one piece
instead of channel 130, and separate bolts 110, 120, and 122. Also
top piece 102 may be manufactured as part of case 100.
[0158] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, not
shown in the figures, the orifices of a plurality of dispensers 20
are connected in parallel through a common hose to a single
emitting opening. Preferably, dispensers 20 are mounted on
containers holding different materials and are operated at the same
time, mixing the materials together. Alternatively, the dispensers
may have different time settings, such that the same opening emits
different materials at different times.
[0159] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a
so not shown in the figures, dispenser 20 comprises a refill inlet
which allows easy refilling of container 22. FIG. 10 is a schematic
illustration showing a dispenser 180, which operates on a remote
container 22, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the
present invention. A hose 184 connects between container 22 and
dispenser 180. Hose 184 comprises at a first end thereof a
connector 186, which engages valve 28 of container 22. Preferably,
connector 186 is similar to bottom end 21 of dispenser 20 and may
include a ring, similar to ring 24 shown in FIG. 1, which
strengthens the connection between hose 184 and container 22.
Dispenser 180 is connected to the other end of hose 184 by means of
any tube connection known in the art. The use of hose 184 allows
the dispenser to be placed in locations where it is not feasible to
place container 22. Thus, it is possible to place large containers
22 in a storage area, while only dispenser 180 is placed in a
dispensing area. In a preferred embodiment of the present
invention, a plurality of dispensers 180 are connected to container
22. Alternatively or additionally, a plurality of containers 22 are
connected to one or more dispensers 180 via a single hose 184. Such
a setup provides reliable supply of the contents of container 22
even when one container is empty.
[0160] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
container 22 contains an insecticide, and dispenser 20 is
positioned in mosquito habitats, gardens, greenhouses, or any other
location where it is desired to periodically spray against insects.
Dispenser 20 is set to operate periodically, for example, once a
week, to automatically dispense a quantity of insecticide from
within container 22. Preferably, dispenser 20 is covered by a
protective plastic which protects it from weather hazards.
Dispenser 20 is preferably positioned before the appropriate
season, and container 22 contains sufficient material so that it is
not necessary to return for refilling until the next season. Using
automatic insecticide dispensation is especially advantageous in
those areas where access is difficult and/or costly.
[0161] FIG. 11 shows an automatic scarecrow 220, in accordance with
a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Scarecrow 220
comprises a pressurized gas container 22 with a dispenser 20
mounted thereon, as described above. A horn orifice head 222 is
mounted on dispenser 20, so that every time dispenser 20 is
operated, a burst of gas is emitted causing a noise which scares
off birds and other unwanted creatures. Horn orifice head 222 may
comprise a simple horn, a whistle, a siren, a rattle, a kazoo, or
any other suitable sound maker. Preferably, the gas includes an
insecticide which eliminates insects which may attract the birds. A
protective shield 226 preferably covers dispenser 20 and protects
it from weather hazards. In a preferred embodiment of the present
invention, the gas emission also causes ribbons 224 to wave, so as
to enhance the effect on the birds. Alternatively, an addtional
dispenser may be used to cause the ribbons to wave, or produce
other moving effects. Scarecrow 220 may be positioned near fish
ponds, gardens, orchards, runways or any other desired location. In
a preferred embodiment of the invention, horn head 222 emits sound
mainly at frequencies which are perceived by animals, but not by
humans.
[0162] In other preferred embodiments of the present invention,
dispenser 20 may be positioned within a small doll-shaped
scarecrow, preferably mounted on a rotatable hanging device, which
is hung on a tree in order to scare off pests from the tree.
[0163] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention,
dispenser 20 is used to maintain a minimal level of a material in
its surroundings. Preferably, dispenser 20 operates responsive to a
sensor which measures the level of the material in the
surroundings. Each time the level goes below a predetermined
threshold, dispenser 20 is operated to emit a quantity of the
required material from within container 22. Specific preferred
embodiments include maintaining a required smog (for example, to
maintain a desired temperature, as is known in the art) or humidity
level, particularly within a greenhouse, or an oxygen level in the
proximity of a patient.
[0164] FIG. 12 schematically shows one way to use dispenser 20 for
humidity control, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the
present invention. Dispenser 20 is mounted on container 22
containing pressurized gas, preferably air. The orifice of
dispenser 20 is connected through a Venturi jet 234 to a water
vessel 230. Each time the dispenser operates, water from vessel 230
is sprayed into the surrounding air. Preferably, dispenser 20 is
operated responsive to a humidity sensor 232, in order to maintain
a minimal humidity level, or a humidity pattern, within the
vicinity of dispenser 20. Alternatively, the water from vessel 230
may be used to periodically automatically water plants.
[0165] FIG. 13 shows a cooler 250, in accordance with a preferred
embodiment of the present invention. Cooler 250 comprises dispenser
20 and container 22, containing a pressurized gas, preferably air,
which upon expansion cools and maintains a low temperature within
cooler 250. Preferably, dispenser 20 is operated periodically at
intervals set according to the environmental temperature.
Alternatively or additionally, a temperature sensor 252 initiates
the operation of dispenser 20 when the temperature within cooler
250 is above a predetermined threshold. Preferably, the air is
allowed out of cooler 250 through a one-way valve 254, which is
preferably situated such that the air which leaves cooler 250 is
relatively warm air, rather than the cold air which was recently
emitted by dispenser 20. It is noted that cooler 250 may be of a
variety of sizes, and may similarly comprise a canteen, for cooling
water or another drink.
[0166] FIG. 14 and 15 show a cooler 260, in accordance with another
preferred embodiment of the present invention. Cooler 260 is
similar to cooler 250, but the air flow out of cooler 260, as
illustrated in FIG. 15, is planned particularly so as to enhance
the cooling effect of the cold gas from dispenser 20. Cooler 260
comprises double walls 261 which enclose a passage 262, which
provides thermal insulation. When air is emitted from container 22
into cooler 260, air is not randomly let out of the cooler, but
rather the warmest air, near the top of the cooler is pushed out
through passage 262. Preferably, the air which is in the cooler for
the longest period is emitted. This air flow scheme is reinforced
by having the path to one-way valve 254 run all through passage
262.
[0167] In other preferred embodiments of the present invention, not
shown in the figures, gas in container 22 is used to open and close
valves or switches in remote locations or otherwise operate remote
systems, for example to automatically launch weather balloons. The
use of dispenser 20 as a timing device provides a cheap and
reliable method of automatic operation of remote systems, reducing
the necessity of access to the system.
[0168] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, not
shown in the figures, container 22 contains a fuel, and a flare
head is mounted on orifice 36. A spark generator is preferably
coupled to dispenser 20, so that the flare is lit up each time
dispenser 20 is operated.
[0169] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention,
container 22 contains a fire extinguisher. Dispenser 20 is coupled
to a temperature sensor or smoke sensor so as to emit the contents
of the container if a fire is detected.
[0170] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
container 22 contains an anti-vaporizing material which is emitted
periodically in suitable locations.
[0171] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention,
container 22 contains tear gas or other noxious material, and
functions as an anti-intrusion device. Dispenser 20 is positioned
within a car, for example, and operates if a theft condition is
detected.
[0172] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention,
container 22 contains a colorful smoke material, which is
preferably used for signaling purposes. The smoke is emitted from
dispenser 20 according to predetermined time settings. Preferably,
the emitted smoke also operates a fog-horn as it is emitted. Thus,
dispenser 20 may be used, for example, to mark a destination point
in navigation.
[0173] It will be appreciated that although in the above
embodiments, dispenser 20 is used with a pressurized container the
present invention may be implemented with non-pressurized
containers, for example, for watering plants. In such embodiments
the container is preferably positioned upside-down, so that the
contents of the container are released due to gravity.
[0174] Other possible arrangements of the elements of the
above-described preferred embodiments will also be apparent to
those skilled in the art and are included within the scope of the
present invention. For example, elements of shaft 52 (FIG. 6) may
be reversed so that hole 90 is positioned within upper bore 58, and
controls the outflow of fluid from the shaft, rather than
controlling influx into the shaft as described above. It will be
appreciated that the preferred embodiments described above are
cited by way of example.
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