U.S. patent application number 09/483162 was filed with the patent office on 2002-02-07 for method of shaving and a dispensing apparatus therefor.
Invention is credited to Burgess-Agee, Kirsten D, Cohen, Richard H, Lawler, John V, Poisson, Norman D, Seidensticker, Luz, Solan, James L, Solbeck, Arlene H.
Application Number | 20020014247 09/483162 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 23918912 |
Filed Date | 2002-02-07 |
United States Patent
Application |
20020014247 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Poisson, Norman D ; et
al. |
February 7, 2002 |
Method of Shaving and a Dispensing Apparatus Therefor
Abstract
Disclosed is a method of shaving hair by spraying a shaving
preparation directly onto an area of skin to form a dispersed layer
of the shaving preparation without the need for hand spreading and
shaving the area with a razor. Also disclosed is a dispensing
apparatus for spraying a shaving preparation directly onto an area
of skin to be shaved. The shaving preparation may be an aerosol or
a non-aerosol shaving preparation.
Inventors: |
Poisson, Norman D; (Andover,
MA) ; Solbeck, Arlene H; (Gaithersburg, MD) ;
Solan, James L; (Rockville, MD) ; Seidensticker,
Luz; (Forest Hills, PA) ; Lawler, John V;
(North Potomac, MD) ; Burgess-Agee, Kirsten D;
(North Bethesda, MD) ; Cohen, Richard H; (Boyds,
MD) |
Correspondence
Address: |
FISH & RICHARDSON P.C.
225 Franklin Street
Boston
MA
02110
US
|
Family ID: |
23918912 |
Appl. No.: |
09/483162 |
Filed: |
January 14, 2000 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
132/200 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A45D 2200/057 20130101;
A61Q 9/02 20130101; A45D 27/02 20130101; Y10T 83/0443 20150401;
A61K 8/046 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
132/200 |
International
Class: |
A45D 024/00 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A method of shaving hair from an area of mammalian skin on which
said hair is growing, which method comprises spraying a shaving
preparation directly onto said area of skin to form a dispersed
layer of said shaving preparation on said area of skin without the
need for hand spreading, and shaving said area of skin with a
razor.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein said area of skin is located on a
leg.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein said area of skin is located on an
axilla or a torso.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein said area of skin is human
skin.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein said shaving preparation comprises
water and a surface active agent.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein said surface active agent is
selected from the group consisting of soap, interrupted soap,
detergent, anionic surfactant, non-ionic surfactant, amphoteric
surfactant, and combinations thereof.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein said shaving preparation is
contained within a hand-held spray dispenser comprising an internal
storage compartment that stores said shaving preparation; a spray
actuator in fluid communication with said storage compartment; and
propelling structure adapted to propel said shaving preparation
from said storage compartment through said spray actuator.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein said spray actuator is held at a
distance of about 7 cm to about 30 cm from said area of skin during
said spraying of said shaving preparation.
9. The method of claim 7 wherein said spray actuator is held at a
distance of about 10 cm to about 25 cm from said area of skin
during said spraying of said shaving preparation.
10. The method of claim 7 wherein said spray actuator disperses the
shaving preparation over an area having a width, measured at the
widest point, of about 3 cm to about 25 cm when said spray actuator
is held a distance of about 15 cm from said area of skin.
11. The method of claim 7 wherein said spray actuator disperses the
shaving preparation over an area having a width, measured at the
widest point, of about 5 cm to about 20 cm when said spray actuator
is held a distance of about 15 cm from said area of skin.
12. The method of claim 7 wherein said spray actuator disperses the
shaving preparation in approximately a cone-shaped or a fan-shaped
pattern.
13. The method of claim 7 wherein said propelling structure
comprises a manually activated pumping device.
14. The method of claim 13 wherein said pumping device comprises a
finger-type pumping device.
15. The method of claim 13 wherein said pumping device comprises a
squeeze trigger-type pumping device.
16. The method of claim 7 wherein said propelling structure is
adapted to maintain said shaving preparation under pressure in said
storage compartment.
17. The method of claim 16 wherein said propelling structure
comprises a propellant included in said storage compartment with
said shaving preparation.
18. The method of claim 16 wherein said propelling structure
comprises a propellant external to said storage compartment that
exerts pressure on said storage compartment.
19. The method of claims 13, 14, 15, 16, or 18 wherein said shaving
preparation comprises a blowing agent.
20. The method of claim 7 wherein said dispersed layer forms a
lather having a density ranging from about 0.05 g/cm.sup.3 to about
0.20 g/cm.sup.3.
21. The method of claim 7 wherein said spray actuator disperses the
shaving preparation as droplets having a Sauter mean diameter
between about 10 .mu.m and about 200 .mu.m.
22. The method of claim 7 wherein said spray actuator disperses the
shaving preparation as droplets having a Sauter mean diameter
between about 60 .mu.m and about 130 .mu.m.
23. The method of claim 7 wherein said shaving preparation is
dispensed at a rate of less than about 3 grams/second.
24. The method of claim 7 wherein said shaving preparation is
dispensed at a rate of less than about 1 gram/second.
25. The method of claim 7 wherein said spray actuator disperses
said shaving preparation over an area of skin ranging from about 10
cm.sup.2 to about 120 cm.sup.2 when held a distance of about 15 cm
from said area of skin and said spraying is conducted for about one
second.
26. The method of claim 7 wherein said spray actuator disperses
said shaving preparation over an area of skin ranging from about 20
cm.sup.2 to about 70 cm.sup.2 when held a distance of about 15 cm
from said area of skin and said spraying is conducted for about one
second.
27. The method of claim 7 wherein said spray actuator has an
orifice with a cross-sectional area of from about 4.times.10.sup.-4
cm.sup.2 to about 20.times.10.sup.-4 cm.sup.2.
28. A hand-held spray dispenser comprising: (a) a container having
an internal storage compartment; (b) a shaving preparation stored
within said storage compartment; (c) a spray actuator in fluid
communication with said storage compartment; and (d) propelling
structure adapted to propel said shaving preparation from said
storage compartment through said spray actuator; wherein said spray
actuator and said propelling structure are adapted to spray said
shaving preparation in the form of droplets to form a dispersed
layer of said shaving preparation on an area of mammalian skin
without the need for hand spreading.
29. The spray dispenser of claim 28 wherein said shaving
preparation comprises water and a surface active agent.
30. The spray dispenser of claim 29 wherein said surface active
agent is selected from the group consisting of soap, interrupted
soap, detergent, anionic surfactant, non-ionic surfactant,
amphoteric surfactant, and combinations thereof.
31. The spray dispenser of claim 30 wherein said spray actuator is
adapted to disperse said shaving preparation over an area having a
width, measured at the widest point, of about 3 cm to about 25 cm
when said spray actuator is held a distance of about 15 cm from
said area of skin.
32. The spray dispenser of claim 30 wherein said spray actuator is
adapted to disperse said shaving preparation over an area having a
width, measured at the widest point, of about 5 cm to about 20 cm
when said spray actuator is held a distance of about 15 cm from
said area of skin.
33. The spray dispenser of claim 30 wherein said spray actuator is
adapted to disperse said shaving preparation in approximately a
cone-shaped or a fan-shaped pattern.
34. The spray dispenser of claim 30 wherein said propelling
structure comprises a manually activated pumping device.
35. The spray dispenser of claim 34 wherein said pumping device
comprises a finger-type pumping device.
36. The spray dispenser of claim 34 wherein said pumping device
comprises a squeeze trigger-type pumping device.
37. The spray dispenser of claim 30 wherein said propelling
structure is adapted to maintain said shaving preparation under
pressure in said storage compartment.
38. The spray dispenser of claim 37 wherein said propelling
structure comprises a propellant included in said storage
compartment with said shaving preparation.
39. The spray dispenser of claim 37 wherein said propelling
structure comprises a propellant external to said storage
compartment that exerts pressure on said storage compartment.
40. The spray dispenser of claims 34, 35, 36, 37, or 39 wherein
said shaving preparation comprises a blowing agent.
41. The spray dispenser of claim 30 wherein said spray actuator is
adapted to disperse said shaving preparation as droplets having a
Sauter mean diameter between about 10 .mu.m and about 200
.mu.m.
42. The spray dispenser of claim 30 wherein said spray actuator is
adapted to disperse said shaving preparation as droplets having a
Sauter mean diameter between about 60 .mu.m and about 130
.mu.m.
43. The spray dispenser of claim 30 wherein said spray actuator is
adapted to disperse said shaving preparation over an area of skin
ranging from about 10 cm.sup.2 to about 120 cm.sup.2 when held a
distance of about 15 cm from said area of skin and spraying is
conducted for about one second.
44. The spray dispenser of claim 30 wherein said spray actuator is
adapted to disperse said shaving preparation over an area of skin
ranging from about 20 cm.sup.2 to about 70 cm.sup.2 when held a
distance of about 15 cm from said area of skin and spraying is
conducted for about one second.
45. The spray dispenser of claim 30 wherein said spray actuator has
an orifice with a cross-sectional area of from about
4.times.10.sup.-4 cm.sup.2 to about 20.times.10.sup.-4
cm.sup.2.
46. The spray dispenser of claim 30 adapted to disperse said
shaving preparation at a rate of less than about 3
grams/second.
47. The dispensing apparatus of claim 30 adapted to disperse said
shaving preparation at a rate of less than about 1 gram/second.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] This invention relates to a method of shaving and a
dispensing apparatus for dispensing shaving preparations.
[0002] Shaving preparations are designed for application to skin to
facilitate the removal of hair from the skin using a razor. The
shaving preparation softens and supports the hair prior to cutting,
and lubricates the passage of the razor over the skin. An extensive
discussion regarding the formulation of various shaving
preparations may be found in Harry's Cosmeticology, Seventh
Edition, J. B. Wilkinson and R. J. Moore (editors), Chemical
Publishing, New York, 1982, pp. 156-189.
[0003] Currently, the most widely used forms of shaving preparation
are the types referred to as instant foams and self-foaming gels
(also known as post-foaming gels). Instant foams comprise water, a
dispersed or solubilized surface-active agent (e.g., an anionic,
cationic, amphoteric, or nonionic surface-active agent, or
combination thereof), and a propellant/blowing agent. They may also
include ingredients such as foam builders, foam stabilizers,
emollients, viscosity modifiers, lubricants, humectants,
preservatives, and fragrance. They are dispensed from pressurized
aerosol containers in the form of a rich lather for spreading by
hand on the area to be shaved, which preferably has been washed and
left wet to help soften and prepare the hair further. Self-foaming
gels include many of the same ingredients as instant foams, and
must be worked into a lather upon application by hand to the area
to be shaved.
[0004] Hand-applied shaving preparations are typically used in
connection with removing hair from facial skin. However,
hand-applied shaving preparations dispensed from an aerosol
container in the form of gels, foams, and lotions also exist for
removing hair from larger areas such as legs. Typically, the
shaving preparation is dispensed first onto the user's hand and
then applied by hand to the leg. However, the user may also apply a
dollop of foam or a ribbon of gel directly on the leg, then spread
it out by hand over the entire surface to be shaved. Because the
shaving preparation must be spread by hand to distribute it over
the surface to be shaved, the shaving process is messy and
inconvenient. For example, a slippery shave preparation can prevent
a shaver from maintaining a firm grip of the shaving article. In
addition, the process requires repeated hand rinsing and, in
general, is time consuming.
[0005] Another popular option in the case of legs involves the
simple application by hand of soap, in the form of a bar or liquid,
or body wash, along with water. This method is just as messy and
inconvenient as the aforedescribed shaving preparations, but
without the same level of shaving performance, skin benefits, and
application aesthetics.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] The invention embraces a method of shaving hair by spraying
a shaving preparation directly onto an area of skin to form a
dispersed layer of the shaving preparation without the need for
hand spreading, and shaving the area with a razor. The invention
also embraces a dispensing apparatus for spraying a shaving
preparation directly onto an area of skin to be shaved. The
dispensing apparatus may be a pump spray or aerosol device.
Preferably the shaving preparation forms a lather or foam upon
contact with the skin. Since the shaving preparation is applied
directly to the area of skin to be shaved, this simplifies
application and avoids the inconvenience and messiness associated
with hand-applied preparations. The method and apparatus of the
present invention are especially useful for applying the shaving
preparation to large skin areas to be shaved, such as the legs,
since the spray will quickly cover a wide area.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
[0007] FIG. 1 illustrates a woman using a dispensing apparatus of
the present invention to spray a shaving preparation directly onto
her leg in accordance with the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0008] The invention features a method of shaving hair from an area
of mammalian skin (preferably human skin) on which hair is growing.
The method comprises spraying a shaving preparation directly onto
the area of skin to form a dispersed layer of the shaving
preparation on the area of skin without the need for hand
spreading, and shaving the area of skin with a razor. Preferably,
the shaving preparation is formulated to form a lather or foam upon
contact with the skin. Since the shaving preparation is applied
directly to the area of skin, the method of the present invention
is especially useful for shaving large skin areas, such as the
legs, because the shaving preparation may be quickly sprayed over a
wide area. It is also convenient for shaving areas on the axilla or
torso.
[0009] The invention also embraces a dispensing apparatus for
spraying a shaving preparation directly onto an area of skin to be
shaved. The dispensing apparatus comprises: (a) a container having
an internal storage compartment; (b) a shaving preparation stored
within the storage compartment; (c) a spray actuator (also known as
a spray nozzle) in fluid communication with the storage
compartment; and (d) propelling structure adapted to propel the
shaving preparation from the storage compartment through the spray
actuator. During use, the dispensing apparatus is typically held
such that the spray actuator is about 7 cm to about 30 cm,
preferably about 10 cm to about 25 cm, from the skin surface and
sprays the shaving preparation in the form of droplets to form a
dispersed layer of the shaving preparation on the area of skin
without the need for hand spreading. The dispensing apparatus may
be a pump spray or, preferably, an aerosol device in which the
product is contained under pressure.
[0010] The dispensing apparatus will include a spray actuator that
is preferably adapted to disperse the shaving preparation over an
area having a width, measured at the widest point, of about 3 cm to
about 25 cm, more preferably about 5 cm to about 20 cm, when the
spray actuator is held a distance of about 15 cm from the area of
skin being sprayed. Typically, useful sprays will cover an area of
skin (i.e., the area where about 80% of the preparation is
deposited) ranging from about 10 cm.sup.2 to about 120 cm.sup.2,
preferably from about 20 cm.sup.2 to about 70 cm.sup.2, when the
spraying is conducted for one second at a distance of 15 cm from
the skin. Preferably, the spray actuator will be configured to
disperse the shaving preparation in approximately a cone-shaped or
a fan-shaped pattern, with a cone angle or fan angle of 10.degree.
to 90.degree., preferably 25.degree. to 75.degree.. The spray
actuator will also preferably be configured to disperse the shaving
preparation as droplets having a Sauter mean diameter between about
10 .mu.m and about 200 .mu.m, preferably between about 60 .mu.m and
about 130 .mu.m. The Sauter mean diameter is the diameter of a
droplet whose surface to volume ratio matches that of the entire
spray. This measurement is described in Example 1. It has been
found that spray actuators having an orifice area ranging from
about 4.times.10.sup.-4 cm.sup.2 to about 20.times.10.sup.-4
cm.sup.2 can produce useful sprays. The dispensing apparatus will
ideally spray the shaving preparation at a rate of less than about
3 grams/second, preferably at a rate of less than about 1
gram/second.
[0011] The shaving preparation is formulated such that its
viscosity is suitable for forming a spray upon actuation of the
dispensing apparatus. The viscosity of the composition influences
the ability of the system to generate a spray. The preferred
viscosity is very close to that of water at 1 centiPoise (cP),
although viscosities in the range of 1-100 cP, more preferably 1-10
cP, may be used as well. The shaving preparation is also preferably
formulated to produce a rich lather when dispensed from the
dispensing apparatus directly onto the surface of an area of skin
to be shaved. Following application to the skin, it should soften
and support the hair prior to cutting, and lubricate and protect
the skin from the passage of a razor over the skin. It also should
provide the ability to keep track of areas that remain to be
shaved.
[0012] In its most basic form, a shaving preparation within the
scope of the present invention will be a solution, emulsion, or
dispersion containing water and a surface-active agent.
Advantageously, other cosmetic ingredients may be added to improve
the application aesthetics and/or achieve other shave or skin
benefits. For example, the shaving preparation may include one or
more of the following components: beard wetting agents, skin
conditioning agents, cleansing agents, lathering agents, foaming
agents, emollients, humectants, soaps, detergents, surfactants,
thickening agents, propellants/blowing agents, fragrances,
colorants, preservatives, etc.
[0013] Typically, the shaving preparation will comprise, by weight,
about 60 to 95%, preferably about 75 to 90%, water and about 1 to
25%, preferably about 3 to 20%, of a surface-active agent. The
surface-active agent may include one or more water-soluble or
water-dispersible soaps (including interrupted soaps), detergents,
anionic surfactants, non-ionic surfactants, and/or amphoteric
surfactants.
[0014] Water-soluble/-dispersible soaps include, for example, the
sodium, potassium, and lower alkanolamine (preferably
triethanolamine) salts of C.sub.10 to C.sub.20, preferably C.sub.12
to C.sub.18, fatty acids. Typical fatty acids include lauric,
oleic, coconut oil, myristic, palmitic, and stearic acid, and
mixtures thereof. For purposes of the present invention, the
aqueous soaps are also intended to include the interrupted soaps
such as the sodium, potassium and lower alkanolamine (preferably
triethanolamine) salts of N-fatty acyl sarcosines, wherein the
fatty acyl moiety has 10 to 20, preferably 12 to 18, carbon atoms.
Typical sarcosines include stearoyl sarcosine, myristoyl sarcosine,
palmitoyl sarcosine, oleoyl sarcosine, lauroyl sarcosine, cocoyl
sarcosine, and mixtures thereof. The soaps (including the
interrupted soaps) may be utilized in pre-neutralized form (i.e. as
the sodium, potassium, or alkanolamine salt) or in the free acid
form followed by subsequent neutralization with sodium hydroxide,
potassium hydroxide and/or alkanolamine (preferably
triethanolamine). In any event, the composition must contain
sufficient base to neutralize or partially neutralize the soap
component and adjust the pH to the desired level.
[0015] The aqueous surface-active agent may also include a
non-ionic surfactant to improve lather quality, wettability, and/or
rinsability. Suitable non-ionic surfactants will generally be
included in an amount up to about 8%, preferably about 1 to 6%, of
the composition. Preferred non-ionic surfactants include the
polyoxyethylene ethers of fatty alcohols, acids, and amides,
particularly those having 10 to 20, preferably 12 to 18, carbon
atoms in the fatty moiety and about 8 to 60, preferably 10 to 30,
ethylene oxide units. These include, for example, Oleth-20,
Steareth-21, Ceteth-20, and Laureth-23. Other non-ionic surfactants
include the polyoxyethylene ethers of alkyl substituted phenols,
such as Nonoxynol-4 and Nonoxynol-20, fatty alkanolamides such as
Lauramide DEA and Cocamide MEA, polyethoxylated sorbitan esters of
fatty acids, such as Polysorbate-20, lauryl polyglucoside, sucrose
laurate, and polyglycerol 8-oleate.
[0016] The aqueous surface-active agent may also include one or
more anionic surfactants. These include, for example, the sodium,
potassium, ammonium and substituted ammonium salts (such as the
mono-, di-and triethanolamine salts) of C.sub.8-C.sub.22,
preferably C.sub.12-C.sub.18, alkyl sulfates (e.g. sodium lauryl
sulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate), alkyl sulfonates (e.g. ammonium
lauryl sulfonate), alkylbenzene sulfonates (e.g. ammonium xylene
sulfonate), acyl isethionates (e.g. sodium cocoyl isethionate),
acyl lactylates (e.g. sodium cocoyl lactylate) and alkyl ether
sulfates (e.g. ammonium laureth sulfate).
[0017] The aqueous surface-active agent may also include one or
more amphoteric surfactants. Suitable amphoteric surfactants
include, for example, the betaines and sultaines such as
cocoamidopropyl betaine, coco dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, coco
sultaine and the like.
[0018] In addition to the surface-active agent, the shaving
preparation may optionally include a variety of other well-known
cosmetic ingredients generally known for use in shaving
preparations to improve the aesthetics and performance
characteristics of the composition. Generally, the shaving
preparation will be formulated so that it will have both good
application aesthetics and good shaving characteristics.
[0019] The shaving preparation may contain a non-volatile
paraffinic hydrocarbon fluid, typically in an amount of about 1 to
10% by weight of the composition. The terms "non-volatile" and
"fluid" mean that these materials are liquid at room temperature
and have a boiling point above 200.degree. C. Such hydrocarbon
fluids include mineral oils and branched-chain aliphatic liquids.
These fluids typically have from about 16 to about 48, preferably
about 20 to about 40, carbon atoms and a kinematic viscosity of
about 5 to about 100 centiStokes (cSt), preferably about 10 to
about 50 cSt, at 40.degree. C. A preferred non-volatile paraffinic
hydrocarbon fluid is selected from mineral oil with a kinematic
viscosity of about 10 to about 50 cSt at 40.degree. C.,
hydrogenated polyisobutene with a molecular weight of about 320 to
about 420, and mixtures thereof.
[0020] It may also be desirable to include low concentrations of a
water-soluble thickening agent in the shaving preparation to
improve its consistency and stability, as well as to adjust its
viscosity. These may include, for example, hydroxyalkyl cellulose
polymers such as hydroxyethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl cellulose
(sold under the trademarks "Natrosol" and "Klucel", respectively),
copolymers of acrylic acid and polyallyl sucrose (sold under the
trademark "Carbopol"), carboxymethyl cellulose, cellulose methyl
ether (sold under the trademark "Methocel"), and activated clays.
The thickening agent is typically included in an amount of about
0.01 to 2%, preferably about 0.1 to 1%, by weight of the
composition.
[0021] The shaving preparation may also include a fatty alcohol
having 10 to 20, preferably 12 to 18, carbon atoms such as
myristyl, lauryl and stearyl alcohol and octyl dodecanol. The fatty
alcohol is typically included in an amount of up to 8%, preferably
about 2 to 6%, by weight.
[0022] For shaving preparations that do not produce enough visual
contrast between areas of the skin that have and have not been
shaved, opacifiers may be added to the shaving preparation.
Opacifiers may be either inorganic or organic compounds. Inorganic
opacifiers include, for example, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide,
talc, mica or coated mica (with oxides of titanium, tin, or iron or
bismuth oxychloride), magnesium aluminum silicate, bismuth
oxychloride, or other minerals. These compounds can be added as
powders, dispersions, or complexes. Organic opacifiers include, for
example, opaque emulsions (e.g., containing Styrene/PVP copolymer,
vinyl polymers, or latexes), metal salts of amines containing 14-20
carbon atoms per molecule, alkanolamides containing 14-20 carbon
atoms per molecule, organic alcohols containing 14-20 carbon atoms
per molecule, insoluble salts of stearic acid, glycol mono-or
distearates, propylene glycol and glycerol monostearates and
palmitates. Combinations of these opacifiers can also be used. The
opacifying additive is typically included in an amount of about 1
to 6%, preferably about 2 to 5%, by weight of the composition.
[0023] Humectants, emollients, lubricants, skin freshening/soothing
agents and other additives may be utilized in the shaving
preparation, provided that the final preparation is capable of
forming a spray. Humectants include glycerin, sorbitol, liquid
water-soluble polyols, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol,
ethoxylated/propoxylated ethers of methyl glucose, and
ethoxylated/propoxylated ethers of lanolin alcohol. Emollients
include fatty esters such as isopropyl myristate, decyl oleate,
2-ethylhexyl palmitate, PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate, and glyceryl
linoleate, propoxylated fatty ethers such as PPG-10 cetyl ether and
PPG-11 stearyl ether, di-and triglycerides such as lecithin and
caprylic/capric triglyceride. Lubricants include polyethylene oxide
and polyvinyl pyrrolidone. Skin freshening and soothing agents
include menthol, aloe, aloe vera gel, allantoin, lanolin and
oil-soluble lanolin derivatives, collagen and hyaluronic acid,
fluorosurfactants, silicones (e.g. dimethicone, dimethiconol,
dimethicone copolyol, stearyl dimethicone, cetyl dimethicone
copolyol, phenyl dimethicone, cyclomethicone, etc.), vitamins
(including vitamin precursors and derivatives) such as panthenol,
vitamin E, tocopherol acetate, vitamin A palmitate, petrolatum,
mineral oil, beeswax, saturated and unsaturated alcohols,
hydrocarbons, various animal and vegetable oils, sodium pyrrolidone
carboxylic acid, lactic acid, urea, L-proline, guanidine,
pyrrolidone, water-soluble hexadecyl, myristyl, isodecyl or
isopropyl esters of adipic, lactic, oleic, stearic, isostearic,
myristic or linoleic acids and many of their alcohol esters,
hydrolyzed protein and other collagen-derived proteins, and
acetamide MEA. Other additives include colorants, fragrances,
antioxidants, and preservatives.
[0024] Volatile components can be added to the shaving preparation
to perform two functions: (1) to propel the shaving composition
from its container (hence, these components are referred to as
propellants) and (2) to cause the shaving preparation to foam
(hence, these components are referred to as blowing agents or
foaming agents). In the remainder of this text, we will refer to
dual-role propellants/blowing agents simply as propellants.
Propellants include compressed air, nitrous oxide, and carbon
dioxide and, more typically, a volatile hydrocarbon or mixture of
volatile hydrocarbons (typically with 3 to 6 carbon atoms) having a
vapor pressure of 15 to 80 psig, preferably 30 to 70 psig, at about
20.degree. C. The term volatile hydrocarbons is also intended to
include the halohydrocarbons. A preferred propellant has the
industry designation A-46 and is a mixture of isobutane and propane
with a vapor pressure of 46 psig at about 20.degree. C. Another
preferred propellant has the industry designation A-31 and is
isobutane with a vapor pressure of 31 psig at about 20.degree. C.
Other suitable propellants include propellant 152A
(1,1-difluoroethane) and propellant A-70 (a mixture of propane and
isobutane). When the propellant is a volatile hydrocarbon, it
typically comprises about 1 to 8%, preferably about 2 to 5% by
weight, of the composition.
[0025] Blowing (or foaming) agents can also be added to the
formulation that cause the formulation to foam, but do not supply
the major mechanical energy to propel the shaving composition from
its container. Typical blowing agents include the volatile
hydrocarbons or mixture of volatile hydrocarbons (typically with 3
to 6 carbon atoms) as described above. Components can also be added
that generate volatile compounds (for example, CO.sub.2 via
chemical reaction), that, in turn, cause the formulation to
foam.
[0026] A rich lather is characterized as having a stiffness,
density, and durability such that it evenly covers the skin with a
smooth, soft, adhesive coating that holds its bubble structure and
shape for the shaving process. A good shaving lather will have a
density, after dispensing, ranging between about 0.05 g/cm.sup.3 to
about 0.25 g/cm.sup.3.
[0027] In practicing the method of the present invention, the
shaving preparation is preferably dispensed from a dispensing
apparatus comprising: (a) a container having an internal storage
compartment; (b) a shaving preparation stored within the storage
compartment; (c) a spray actuator (also known as a spray nozzle) in
fluid communication with the storage compartment; and (d)
propelling structure adapted to propel the shaving preparation from
the storage compartment through the spray actuator. During use, the
dispensing apparatus sprays the shaving preparation in the form of
droplets to form a dispersed layer of the shaving preparation on
the area of skin without the need for hand spreading. The
dispensing apparatus may be a manually activated pump spray or,
preferably, an aerosol device in which the product is contained
under pressure.
[0028] Manually activated pump sprays typically include a squeeze
trigger or finger-type pumping device as part of the propelling
structure. Such pumping devices are well known in the art and
typically include a pump chamber, an injection pipe member
connected to a vertical pipe portion (piston), a cylinder, and a
discharge valve, which communicates with the spray actuator. Fluid
is sprayed from the pumping device under pumping pressure generated
by the pumping action of an injection pipe member lifted and
lowered vertically in a cylinder by an operating mechanism. The
injection pipe member includes a vertical pipe portion,
corresponding to a piston, which is forced into the cylinder. The
fluid pressurized in the pump chamber exerts pressure, through
means of a fluid passage in the injection pipe member, onto and
through a flexible discharge valve, thereby causing the fluid to be
sprayed from the spray actuator. A wide variety of manually
activated pump spray dispensers may be used, including, for
example, the dispensers described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,082,223,
4,161,288, 4,558,821, 4,434,917, and 5,922,333, each of which is
incorporated herein by reference. A preferred pump dispenser
comprises a squeeze trigger for ease of application.
[0029] Other suitable dispensers may include as the propelling
structure: (1) mechanically pressurized bag-in-sleeve systems in
which a thin-walled inner bag containing the product is surrounded
by an outer elastic sleeve that is expanded during the product
filling process and provides dispensing power to expel the product
(e.g., the ATMOS System available commercially from the Exxel
Container Co.); (2) manually activated air pump spray devices in
which a pump system is integrated into the container to allow the
user to pressurize the container with air in order to expel the
product (e.g., the "AIRSPRAY" system available from Airspray
International); (3) piston barrier systems in which the product is
separated from the driving means by a tight-fitting piston which
seals to the side of the container and may be driven by a spring
under tension, by a vacuum on the product side of the piston, by
finger pressure, by gas pressure to the piston, or by a variety of
other means known to the packaging industry; and (4) bag-in-can
(SEPRO) systems in which the product is contained in a flexible bag
within a can, with a suitable propellant injected into the space
between the can and the flexible bag. In the case of aerosol
shaving preparations, the dispenser should be designed to hold the
shaving preparation under pressure. Examples of dispensers capable
of performing this function include standard tin-plate containers,
aluminum-type containers, and glass or plastic bottles. Also
suitable are bag-in-can containers such as SEPRO containers,
described above.
[0030] An aerosol dispenser will typically also include a
valve-actuator system. The valve portion of a valve-actuator system
seals the shaving preparation within the container and, when
actuated by operation of the actuator portion, allows the shave
preparation to exit through the spray actuator, which has been
previously described. The valve should also allow the composition
to be dispensed preferably in all spatial orientations to
facilitate direct skin application.
[0031] The invention will now be described further by way of the
following examples.
EXAMPLES
[0032] The following examples illustrate representative spray
shaving preparations suitable for direct application to skin.
Examples 1-21 describe aerosol foams, while Examples 22-24 describe
non-aerosol shaving preparations. All amounts are in weight percent
unless otherwise noted. The names for all ingredients are INCI
names unless otherwise noted.
Example 1
[0033] Example 1 illustrates the preparation of an aerosol spray
shaving foam having the following formulation:
1 TABLE 1 Ingredient Amount (%) Water 88.25 Stearic Acid 4.18
Laureth-23 1.38 Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 0.52 Triethanolamine (99%)
2.16 BHT 0.01 Fragrance 0.50 Aeron A-31 Propellant 3.00
[0034] The water was heated to 80-85.degree. C., after which
stearic acid was added. Once the stearic acid had melted, the
laureth-23 was added, melted, and mixed well. Next, triethanolamine
was added and the resulting composition mixed well for about 30
minutes to form a soap. The resulting soap was cooled to about
65.degree. C., after which sodium lauryl sulfate was added and the
composition mixed well. Next, the BHT was added, followed by
mixing. The resulting composition was then cooled to room
temperature and the fragrance added. The product was packaged with
the Aeron A-31 propellant in an aerosol can using conventional
techniques and mechanically shaken for 5 minutes.
[0035] The can was a standard aerosol can provided with a
valve-actuator system that included an upright-inverted valve
(Summit UI-3, available from Summit Packaging Systems, Inc.) and a
two-piece mechanical break-up actuator (No. 77902 with insert
70151-2402, also available from Summit). The specification for this
valve is Stem 1.times.0.018, meaning that the valve stem has a
single opening measuring 0.018 inch (0.046 cm). This actuator
incorporated a simplex geometry, otherwise known as a
"pressure-swirl" geometry. This geometry includes an upstream swirl
chamber in which a liquid stream is ported in such a way that an
azimuthal swirling is imparted. The swirling produces a central air
core in the orifice, causing the liquid to exit in the form of a
thin, annular sheet of liquid that spreads out into a conical
shape. The thinness of the liquid sheet accelerates the break-up of
the sheet into droplets and leads to the formation of relatively
small droplets that convert immediately into foam.
[0036] The spray device produced a cone-shaped spray that deposited
onto the skin as a layer of rich lather that quickly covered a wide
area of skin. The spray foam could be dispensed in all spatial
orientations, thereby allowing easy and direct application. The
deposited foam had sufficient viscosity, density, and quality to
remain in place for the duration of the shave. It gave a
comfortable, close shave and rinsed well.
[0037] The cone-shaped spray had a base cone diameter of about 9 cm
at a distance of about 15 cm from the actuator. This corresponded
to an area of coverage of about 28 cm.sup.2. The droplet size of
the spray had a Sauter mean diameter of 97 .mu.m, with a range of
64 to 203 .mu.m. The foam density was 0.07 to 0.25 g/ml.
[0038] The Sauter mean diameter is the diameter of a droplet whose
surface to volume ratio matches that of the entire spray. The size
range is defined such that 10% of the droplets by volume are
smaller than the lower end of the range, and 10% of the droplets by
volume are larger than the upper end of the range.
[0039] The droplet size distribution of the spray was characterized
with a laser diffraction instrument (Malvern Spraytec RTS 5000
Real-Time Liquid Droplet Sizer). The instrument measures the
scattered light intensity caused by the drops as they pass through
the analyzer's laser beam. A lens focuses the scattered light onto
a series of semicircular photodiodes. Each photodiode is positioned
to be most sensitive to a particular small range of drop sizes. The
instrument used had a drop size range of 1-400 .mu.m.
Interpretation of the measured light energy distribution as a drop
size distribution is performed by the manufacturer's software.
[0040] The distance between the actuator and laser beam was about
10 cm. The actuator and the laser beam were about the same height,
and the actuator's centerline was perpendicular to the laser beam.
The spray foam can was between full and two-thirds full, and was
actuated in an upright position for about one-half of a second. The
Malvern instrument was operated in Flash Mode with light intensity
readings collected over 5 seconds, 100 sets of readings collected
per second, and acquisition triggered on a 2% decrease in
transmission.
Example 2
[0041] The procedure of Example 1 was followed except that the
aerosol can was a SEPRO type bag-in-can container equipped with a
Summit valve #003-972-009. The shaving formulation was gassed with
2.5% Aeron A-31 propellant and the bag was pressurized (bottom
gassed) with Aeron A-46 propellant. (In this case, the Aeron A-46
is not serving as a blowing agent.) The product dispensed as a
cone-shaped spray that deposited onto the skin as a layer of rich
lather that quickly covered a wide area of skin similar in size to
that described in Example 1. The deposited foam had sufficient
viscosity, density, and quality to remain in place for the duration
of the shave. It gave a comfortable, close shave and rinsed well.
Laser diffraction analysis (performed according to the procedure
described in Example 1) indicated that the droplets in the spray
had a Sauter mean diameter of 101 .mu.m, with a range of 61-184
.mu.m.
Example 3
[0042] The procedure of Example 1 was followed except that the
aerosol valve was a Summit valve #003-972-068 valve. The
specification for this valve is stem 2.times.0.018, meaning that
the valve stem has two openings, each measuring 0.018 inch (0.046
cm). The product dispensed as a cone-shaped spray that deposited
onto the skin as a layer of rich lather that quickly covered a wide
area of skin similar in size to that described in Example 1.
Examples 4-8
[0043] The procedure of Example 1 was followed except that the
actuator was replaced with an actuator set forth in Table 2. All of
these actuators are commercially available. In each case, the
product dispensed as a cone-shaped spray that deposited onto the
skin as a layer of rich lather that quickly covered a wide area of
skin. In each case, the area of coverage ranged from about 20 to
130 cm with the actuator 15 cm from the surface of the skin. The
spray foam could be dispensed in all spatial orientations, thereby
allowing easy and direct application. The deposited foam had
sufficient viscosity, density, and quality to remain in place for
the duration of the shave. In each case, the product gave a
comfortable, close shave and rinsed well.
2TABLE 2 ORIFICE DIAMETER EXAMPLE ACTUATOR (INCHES) [CM] 4 Summit
77931 0.013 (with Insert 70046-2402) [0.033] 5 Summit 77902 0.016
(with Insert 70150-2402) [0.041] 6 Summit 77902 0.020 (with Insert
70188-2402) [0.051] 7 Seaquist* 0.018 2204-06490-18 [0.041] 8
Seaquist* 0.016 2204-06490-16 [0.041] *Seaquist Perfect Dispensing,
Inc.
Examples 9-12
[0044] The procedure of Example 1 was followed except that the
propellant was replaced with a different propellant. The
formulations are set forth in Table 3. Each of these agents is
commercially available and represents a single hydrocarbon or
hydrocarbon mixture.
3TABLE 3 Ingredient Example 9 Example 10 Example 11 Example 12
Water 86.25 88.25 88.25 87.25 Stearic Acid 4.18 4.18 4.18 4.18
Laureth-23 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 Triethanol 2.16 2.16 2.16 2.16 Amine
Sodium 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 Lauryl Sulfate BHT 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
Fragrance 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 Aeron A-17 5.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Aeron
A-24 0.00 3.00 0.00 0.00 Aeron A-46 0.00 0.00 3.00 0.00 Aeron A-31
0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00
[0045] In each case, the product dispensed as a cone-shaped spray
that deposited onto the skin as a layer of rich lather that quickly
covered a wide area of skin. The spray foam could be dispensed in
all spatial orientations, thereby allowing easy and direct
application. The deposited foam had sufficient viscosity, density,
and quality to remain in place for the duration of the shave. In
each case, the product gave a comfortable, close shave and rinsed
well.
Examples 13-16
[0046] The procedure of Example 1 was followed except that the
formulation was replaced with a different formulation as set forth
in Table 4.
4TABLE 4 Ingredient Example 13 Example 14 Example 15 Example 16
Water 84.12 86.60 89.43 90.31 Stearic Acid 6.27 5.02 3.58 3.14
Laureth-23 2.07 1.66 1.19 1.04 Triethanol 3.23 2.59 1.85 1.62 Amine
Sodium 0.78 0.63 0.45 0.39 Lauryl Sulfate BHT 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01
Fragrance 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 Aeron A-31 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00
[0047] In each case, the product dispensed as a cone-shaped spray
that deposited onto the skin as a layer of rich lather that quickly
covered a wide area of skin. The spray foam could be dispensed in
all spatial orientations, thereby allowing easy and direct
application. The deposited foam had sufficient viscosity, density,
and quality to remain in place for the duration of the shave. In
each case, the product gave a comfortable, close shave and rinsed
well.
Example 17
[0048] The procedure of Example 1 was followed except that the
formulation was replaced with the formulation set forth in Table
5.
5 TABLE 5 Ingredient Amount (%) Water 91.32 Palmitic Acid 2.12
Laureth-23 0.93 Triethanolamine (99%) 1.13 Cetyl Dimethicone
Copolyol 0.19 Mineral Oil 0.31 Stearyl Alcohol 0.31 Lauramide DEA
0.15 PEG-150 Distearate 0.05 Imidazolidinyl Urea 0.0016
Methylparaben 0.0005 Propylparaben 0.00003 Freeze Dried Aloe Powder
0.0015 Fragrance 0.50 Aeron A-31 Propellant 3.00
[0049] The aqueous phase was prepared as follows. The water was
heated to 80.degree. C., after which palmitic acid was added. Once
the palmitic acid had melted, the laureth-23 was added, melted, and
mixed well. Next, triethanolamine was added and the resulting
composition mixed well for about 15 minutes to form a soap.
[0050] Stearyl alcohol, mineral oil, lauramide DEA, cetyl
dimethicone copolyol, PEG-150 distearate, and BHT were mixed and
heated at 55.degree. C. to form the oil phase. The oil phase was
combined with the aqueous phase at 80.degree. C. and mixed well for
about 15 minutes. The resulting mixture was then cooled to room
temperature and the imidazolidinyl urea, methylparaben, and
propylparaben added, and then mixed well. Next, the fragrance was
added, followed by gentle mixing. The aloe was then dissolved in
make-up water and added with slow mixing to form the product
formulation which was then packaged in an aerosol can as described
in Example 1.
[0051] The product dispensed as a cone-shaped spray that deposited
onto the skin as a layer of rich lather that quickly covered a wide
area of skin. The spray foam could be dispensed in all spatial
orientations, thereby allowing easy and direct application. The
deposited foam gave a comfortable, close shave and rinsed well.
Example 18
[0052] The procedure of Example 1 was followed except that the
formulation was replaced with the formulation set forth in Table
6.
6 TABLE 6 Ingredient Amount (%) Water 88.17 Glycereth-26 0.64
Palmitic Acid 2.73 Triethanolamine (99%) 1.67 Hydrogenated
Polyisobutene 0.64 Oleth-20 1.77 Lauramide DEA 0.48 PEG-150
Distearate 0.08 Zonyl FSK-1%* 0.32 Aloe Vera Dried Powder 0.0016
Fragrance 0.50 Aeron A-31 Blowing Agent 3.00 *Tradename for
polytetrafluoroethylene acetoxypropyl betaine (Dupont)
[0053] The aqueous phase was prepared as follows. Glycereth-26 was
dissolved in the water and the resulting mixture heated to
80-85.degree. C., after which palmitic acid and hydrogenated
polyisobutene were added. Once the palmitic acid and hydrogenated
polyisobutene had melted, the triethanolamine was added and mixed
well for about 15 minutes to form a soap.
[0054] Oleth-20, Lauramide DEA, and PEG-150 distearate were mixed
and heated at 55.degree. C. to form the oil phase. The oil phase
was combined with the aqueous phase at 80.degree. C. and mixed well
for about 15 minutes. The resulting mixture was then cooled to room
temperature and the Zonyl FSK added and then mixed well. Next, the
fragrance was added, followed by gentle mixing. The aloe was then
dissolved in make-up water and added with slow mixing to form the
product formulation which was then packaged in an aerosol can as
described in Example 1.
[0055] The product dispensed as a cone-shaped spray that deposited
onto the skin as a layer of rich lather that quickly covered a wide
area of skin. The spray foam could be dispensed in all spatial
orientations, thereby allowing easy and direct application. The
deposited foam gave a comfortable, close shave and rinsed well.
Example 19
[0056] The procedure of Example 1 was followed except that the
formulation was replaced with the soap-free formulation set forth
in Table 7.
7 TABLE 7 Ingredient Amount (%) Ethanol 6.00 Ethyl Ester of PVM/MA
4.00 Copolymer Dimethicone Copolyol 0.10 Water 81.07 PVP/VA
Copolymer 1.00 Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 1.00 Oleth-20 0.50 Cocamide
MEA 0.05 Methyl Paraben 0.10 Aminomethyl Propanol 0.53
Stearalkonium Chloride 0.05 Steareth-16 0.10 Panthenol 0.50
Fragrance 0.50 Aeron A-46 5.00
[0057] The alcohol phase was prepared by dissolving ethyl ester of
PVM/MA copolymer in ethanol, after which dimethicone was added and
mixed well. The aqueous phase was prepared by heating the water to
65.degree. C., after which the PVP/VA copolymer was added and mixed
well. The oil phase was prepared by mixing the oleth-20, cocamide
MEA, and steareth-16 at 60.degree. C. to form a blend. The oil
phase was then added to the aqueous phase at 65.degree. C. and
mixed well. Next, the methylparaben was added to the mixture,
followed by mixing, after which the aminomethyl propanol,
stearalkonium chloride, and panthenol were added and mixed until
uniform. The resulting composition was cooled to room temperature,
after which the alcohol phase was added and mixed well. The
fragrance was then added and mixed gently to form the product. The
product was then packaged in an aerosol can as described in Example
1.
[0058] The product dispensed as a cone-shaped spray that deposited
onto the skin as a layer of rich lather that quickly covered a wide
area of skin. The spray foam could be dispensed in all spatial
orientations, thereby allowing easy and direct application. The
deposited foam gave a comfortable, close shave and rinsed well.
Example 20
[0059] The procedure of Example 1 was followed except that the
formulation was replaced with the soap-free formulation set forth
in Table 8.
8 TABLE 8 Ingredient Amount (%) Water 77.16 PVP/VA Copolymer 1.04
Polyquaternium-10 0.10 Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 0.46 Sodium Lauroyl
Sarcosinate 0.97 Polysorbate-20 13.03 Sorbitan laurate 0.87
Ceteth-20 2.90 Fragrance 0.50 Aeron A-46 3.00
[0060] Phase A was prepared by mixing the ceteth-20 and the
polysorbate-20 at 60.degree. C. to form a blend. The main batch was
prepared by dispersing the polyquaternium-10 in water and mixing
until the polymer hydrated completely, followed by heating at
60.degree. C. The PVP/VA copolymer was then added and mixed well.
Next, Phase A was added to the main batch at 60.degree. C. and
mixed well for about 20 minutes. The sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium
lauroyl sarcosinate, and sorbitan laurate were then added to the
mixture, followed by mixing until a uniform composition formed. The
composition was cooled to room temperature, after which the
fragrance was added, followed by gentle mixing. The product was
then packaged in an aerosol can as described in Example 1.
[0061] The product dispensed as a cone-shaped spray that deposited
onto the skin as a layer of rich lather that quickly covered a wide
area of skin. The spray foam could be dispensed in all spatial
orientations, thereby allowing easy and direct application. The
deposited foam gave a comfortable, close shave and rinsed well.
Example 21
[0062] The procedure of Example 1 was followed except that the
formulation was replaced with the soap-free formulation set forth
in Table 9.
9 TABLE 9 Ingredient Amount (%) Water 87.54 Polyquaternium-10 0.03
Ceteth-20 0.96 PEG-150 Distearate 0.96 Cocomidopropyl Betaine 1.43
Polysorbate-20 4.30 Sorbitan Laurate 0.29 Fragrance 0.50 Aeron A-46
4.00
[0063] Phase A was prepared by mixing the ceteth-20 and the PEG-150
distearate at 60.degree. C. to form a blend. The main batch was
prepared by dispersing the polyquaternium-10 in water and mixing
until the polymer hydrated completely, followed by heating at
60.degree. C. Next, the cocomidopropyl betaine, the polysorbate-20,
and sorbitan laurate were added, followed by addition of Phase A.
The resulting composition was mixed until uniform and then cooled
to room temperature. Next, the fragrance was added, followed by
gentle mixing. The product was then packaged in an aerosol can as
described in Example 1.
[0064] The product dispensed as a cone-shaped spray that deposited
onto the skin as a layer of rich lather that quickly covered a wide
area of skin. The spray foam could be dispensed in all spatial
orientations, thereby allowing easy and direct application. The
deposited foam gave a comfortable, close shave and rinsed well.
Example 22
[0065] Example 22 illustrates the preparation of a non-aerosol
spray shaving foam having the formulation set forth in Table
10.
10 TABLE 10 Ingredient Amount (%) Water 90.35 Ammonium Laureth
Sulfate 3.33 Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate 1.67 Lauramide DEA 1.09
Palmitic Acid 0.14 Cocoamidopropyl Betaine 0.14 Sodium chloride
2.00 Citric Acid 1.00 Tetrasodium EDTA 0.06 Fragrance 0.20
Preservative 0.03
[0066] Ammonium laureth sulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate, lauramide
DEA, palmitic acid, and cocoamidopropyl betaine were combined and
heated to 55.degree. C.. The mixture was then stirred till
homogeneous and then water was added. Next, tetrasodium EDTA was
added with mixing. The solution was then cooled to 35.degree. C.,
and the fragrance and preservative were added. The pH was adjusted,
and the viscosity was decreased to <15 centiPoise with sodium
chloride. The composition was then loaded into plastic bottles
fitted with a typical trigger-type sprayer device (CALMAR Inc.,
Models Magnum 1300 or TS-800) and a finger-tip sprayer device
(EMSAR Inc., #37MS Air Force II, Model 180 MCL, with Actuator A6
and Insert 1314).
[0067] The product dispensed as a cone-shaped spray that deposited
onto the skin as a layer of thin lather that quickly covered a wide
area of skin, thereby allowing easy and direct application.
Example 23
[0068] The procedure of Example 22 was followed except that the
formulation was replaced with the formulation set forth in Table
11.
11 TABLE 11 Ingredients Amount % Water 94.41 PEG-5M 0.07 Guar
Hydroxypropyltirmonium Chloride 0.17 Citric Acid 0.03 Ammonium
Lauryl Sulfate 0.94 Ammonium Laureth Sulfate 1.89 Cocoamidopropyl
Betaine 0.08 Lauramide DEA 0.62 Palmitic Acid 0.08 PEG 150
Distearate 0.08 Sodium Citrate 0.02 Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate 0.57
PEG-7-Glyceryl Cocoate 0.10 Sodium Lauroyl Lactylate 0.33 Euperlan
PK-771* 0.33 Preservative 0.01 Tetrasodium EDTA 0.04 Fragrance 0.23
*Mixture of glycoldistearate, sodium laureth sulfate, cocamide DEA,
and laureth 10, manufactured by Henkel Corporation.
[0069] The polymeric phase was prepared by dispersing PEG-5M into a
third of the water; next, the guar was added and mixed until
completely dissolved. Next, the citric acid was added and the
mixture blended to cause the guar to completely hydrate. The
polymeric phase was then mixed with the remaining water until
uniform. The ammonium lauryl sulfate, ammonium laureth sulfate, and
cocamidopropyl betaine were added and the mixture heated to
65.degree. C. The lauramide DEA and palmitic acid were then added
under slow mixing conditions. The sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, PEG
150 distearate, sodium citrate, PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate and sodium
lauroyl lactylate were added to the mixture and mixed well after
each addition. The composition was cooled to room temperature,
after which the Euperlan PK-771 fragrance, tetrasodium EDTA, and
the preservative were added and mixed gently. The composition was
loaded into plastic bottles fitted with trigger-type and finger-tip
sprayer devices, as described in Example 22.
[0070] The product dispensed as a cone-shaped spray that deposited
onto the skin as a layer of thin lather that quickly covered a wide
area of skin, thereby allowing easy and direct application.
Example 24
[0071] A non-aerosol spray foam was prepared by taking the
formulation in Example 20, minus the Aeron A-46 propellant, and
loading it into the plastic bottles fitted with trigger-type and
finger-tip sprayer devices, as described in Example 22.
[0072] The product dispensed as a cone-shaped spray that deposited
onto the skin as a layer of thin lather that quickly covered a wide
area of skin, thereby allowing easy and direct application.
[0073] Other embodiments are within the following claims.
* * * * *