U.S. patent application number 09/851282 was filed with the patent office on 2002-01-17 for cosmetic skin care compositions containing pulegone.
This patent application is currently assigned to Unilever Home and Personal Care USA. Invention is credited to Carson, Robert, Granger, Stewart Paton, Patel, Krupa, Pillai, Sreekumar.
Application Number | 20020006423 09/851282 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 22750547 |
Filed Date | 2002-01-17 |
United States Patent
Application |
20020006423 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Carson, Robert ; et
al. |
January 17, 2002 |
Cosmetic skin care compositions containing pulegone
Abstract
Cosmetic skin care compositions containing pulegone. The
inventive compositions improve transglutaminase-1 expression and
ceramide expression, and enhance the cell uptake of glucose.
Inventors: |
Carson, Robert; (Rahway,
NJ) ; Patel, Krupa; (Edison, NJ) ; Pillai,
Sreekumar; (Wayne, NJ) ; Granger, Stewart Paton;
(Turvey, GB) |
Correspondence
Address: |
UNILEVER
PATENT DEPARTMENT
45 RIVER ROAD
EDGEWATER
NJ
07020
US
|
Assignee: |
Unilever Home and Personal Care
USA
|
Family ID: |
22750547 |
Appl. No.: |
09/851282 |
Filed: |
May 8, 2001 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
60202602 |
May 9, 2000 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
424/401 ;
424/400; 424/59; 424/725; 512/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61K 2800/70 20130101;
A61K 8/35 20130101; A61K 2800/75 20130101; A61Q 17/00 20130101;
A61Q 19/08 20130101; Y10S 514/938 20130101; A61Q 19/00 20130101;
Y10S 514/844 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
424/401 ;
424/400; 424/59; 512/1; 424/725 |
International
Class: |
A61K 007/00; A61K
007/42; A61K 007/46; A61K 035/78 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An oil in water emulsion of a cosmetic skin care composition
comprising: (a) from about 0.001% to about 10% of solubilized
pulegone of Formula I: 3(b) a moisturizing agent; and (c) a
cosmetically acceptable vehicle.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the moisturizing agent is
selected from the group consisting of: propylene glycol, sorbitol,
butylene, glycerin, cetostearyl alcohol, cetyl palmitate, myristyl
alcohol, and palmitic alcohol, and mixtures thereof.
3. The composition of claim 1 further comprising a glucose
compound.
4. The composition of claim 1 further comprising a cosmetically
beneficial ingredient selected from the group consisting of
sunscreen, perfumes, and alpha hydroxy acids.
5. A cosmetic method of treating aged, photoaged, dry, lined or
wrinkled skin, the method comprising the step of applying to the
skin the composition according to claim 1.
6. A cosmetic method of improving the barrier function of the skin,
the method comprising applying to the skin the composition
according to claim 1.
7. A cosmetic method of improving keratinocyte differentiation, the
method comprising applying to the skin the composition according to
claim 1.
8. A cosmetic method of improving the lipid production by
keratinocytes, the method comprising applying to the skin the
composition according to claim 1.
9. A cosmetic method of improving the glucose uptake by
keratinocytes, the method comprising applying to the skin the
composition according to claim 1.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to compositions comprising
pulegone and methods of improving the cosmetic appearance of the
skin by topically applying such compositions to the skin.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The human skin consists of two major layers: the dermis, the
bottom thicker layer, and the epidermis, the top thinner layer. The
dermis is the layer that provides strength, elasticity, and
thickness to the skin. With aging, the thickness of the dermal
layer is reduced, thus, partially causing the formation of wrinkles
in aging skin. The top layer of the skin, the epidermis, provides
the resilience and the barrier properties of the skin. The
epidermis is composed of many different cell types. Keratinocytes
are the major cell type of the epidermis, consisting of nearly 75
to 80% of the total number of cells in the human epidermis.
[0003] The keratinocytes reside in four distinct stages of
differentiation within the epidermis. Epidermal differentiation is
important to providing essential functions of the skin. Namely,
epidermal differentiation aids the formation of a barrier layer
that protects the body against the harmful substances in the
environment and prevents loss of water from the body. Proper
formation of the barrier layer of the epidermis requires skin cells
to develop correctly through space and time and demands the
synchronized production of essential lipid materials such as
ceramides, cholesterol and fatty acids. Such lipid materials are
formed by cells in the granular layer of the epidermis and are used
to compose lipid layers that in turn become the skin's essential
protective barrier layer. The lipid layers act as a water barrier
to prevent water loss from the skin, and consequently, prevent the
appearance of aged, dry, or wrinkled skin. As such, disruption of
the skin's barrier layer and impairment of its functioning are
associated with skin conditions such as atopic dermatitis,
psoriasis, irritation and dry skin.
[0004] In normal skin, if the barrier function is disturbed, the
epidermis re-synthesizes the deficient lipids. However, under
certain conditions, a reduced capacity for re-synthesis may occur.
Such is the case in aging or dry skin where skin lipid levels are
in any case sub-normal and cell metabolism is impaired. Decreased
uptake and utilization of glucose can lead to decreased metabolism
and skin cell turnover, thereby leading to the appearance of aged,
dry and flaky skin. Materials that enhance keratinocyte
differentiation, increase lipid expression, or stimulate cell
metabolism, may be useful in reversing such conditions to promote
healthy skin.
[0005] Pulegone (5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethylidene)cyclohexanone) is
an essential oil which may be found in pennyroyal, a naturally
occurring plant. Prior art teaches the use of pulegone in
applications such as pest repellants or perfumes. For example, U.S.
Pat. No. 5,106,622 issued to Sherwood et al. cites the use of
pennyroyal oil (.about.85% pulegone) in an insect repellent
composition. U.S. Pat. No. 4,193,986 issued to Trinh et al. refers
to the use of oil of pennyroyal as a component of a pest repellent
for pets and animals. JP 08143419 refers to the use of pulegone in
a bath composition for the purpose of repelling mites. U.S. Pat.
No. 5,466,452 issued to Whittle refers to the use of extracts of
Chinese herbs, some of which contain pulegone, for the preparation
of materials to be taken orally or applied topically for relief of
skin problems.
[0006] U.S. Pat. No. 5,871,718 issued to Lucas et al. and U.S. Pat.
No. 5,874,070 issued to Trinh et al. disclose odor-absorbing
compositions which may be used on skin. The compositions contain
cyclodextrin, a molecule capable of complexing odor molecules. The
compositions also include a perfume, which may be pulegone. Both
patents teach that perfumes in the compositions (such as pulegone)
tend to complex with cyclodextrins to reduce the concentration of
the perfume actually delivered to the skin.
[0007] The prior art cited above does not disclose cosmetic
compositions that can deliver solubilized pulegone to provide the
combined benefit of enhanced differentiation and enhanced
expression of lipids essential to barrier function. Therefore, a
need exists for cosmetic compositions that can deliver pulegone to
effectively improve the cosmetic appearance of skin.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0008] The present invention relates to an oil in water emulsion of
a cosmetic skin care composition comprising:
[0009] (a) from about 0.001% to about 10% of solubilized pulegone
of Formula I: 1
[0010] (b) a moisturizing agent; and
[0011] (c) a cosmetically acceptable vehicle.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0012] Except in the operating and comparative examples, or where
otherwise explicitly indicated, all numbers in this description
indicating amounts or ratios of material or conditions of reaction,
physical properties of materials and/or use are to be understood as
modified by the word "about." All amounts are by weight of the
final composition, unless otherwise specified.
[0013] The term "skin" as used herein includes the skin on the
face, neck, chest, back, arms, legs, hands, and scalp.
[0014] The term "solubilized" as used herein means that at least
90% of pulegone present in the final composition is
solubilized.
[0015] An increase in transglutaminase-1 expression and ceramide
expression can reduce dry skin by improving barrier formation as
well as improving cell function and metabolism. Consequently, the
appearance of lines, wrinkles, and aged skin are significantly
reduced. Moreover, enhanced keratinocyte differentiation and lipid
production and improved glucose uptake result in improved skin
color, radiance, finish, and an overall healthy and youthful
appearance of the skin. It is to such improvements that the present
invention is directed.
[0016] According to the present invention, solubilized pulegone
increases transglutaminase-1 expression (a marker for
differentiation), ceramide expression, and glucose uptake.
[0017] All amounts are by weight of an oil-in-water emulsion,
unless otherwise indicated.
[0018] Pulegone (5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethylidene)cyclohexanone) is
an essential oil which is found in pennyroyal. Pulegone may be
obtained from Sigma. Pulegone has the following structural formula
I: 2
[0019] Pulegone must be solubilized and uncomplexed in order to
deliver benefits to the skin. Particularly, solubilizing pulegone
avoids evaporation of the pulegone within the composition before
delivery into the skin. Moreover, if the pulegone is complexed, it
is difficult to ensure that at least a minimum amount of pulegone
is available for skin benefit. In a preferred embodiment, pulegone
is incorporated in the inventive compositions in an amount of from
0.001% to 10%, preferably from 1% to 7%, and most preferably from
2% to 5%.
[0020] One fundamentally important criterion by which many topical
lotions/creams must be measured is their ability to act as
efficient skin moisturizers. Skin moisturizing ability is of
extreme importance for topical lotions/creams in that consumers
regard scaly, dry skin as unsightly and undesirable. Topical
lotions that have the added benefit of enhancing skin moisture
retention capabilities have a significant added benefit above and
beyond the utility of their active ingredient. Thus, the inventive
composition also comprises a moisturizing agent for imparting
moisturizing characteristics and sensory benefits to the skin
without impeding the benefits of pulegone on the skin.
[0021] The moisturizing agent of the present invention is selected
so that the moisturizing agent does not get emulsified in the oil
phase of an emulsion and therefore effectively deposits on the
skin. Thus, the moisturizing agent is preferably water soluble to
prevent emulsification within the inventive composition prior to
application onto the skin. In the preferred embodiment, the
moisturizing agent is selected from the group consisting of:
propylene glycol, sorbitol, butylene, glycerin, cetostearyl
alcohol, cetyl palmitate, myristyl alcohol, and palmitic alcohol,
and mixtures thereof, due to commercial availability and water
solubility. Most preferably, the moisturizing agent is selected
from the group consisting of butylene and propylene glycol because
both act as penetration enhancers to aid in delivering the
solubilized pulegone in the inventive composition to the skin.
[0022] The moisturizing agent is selected from an amount of from
0.5% to 50%, preferably from 5% to 15%, and most preferably from 6%
to 10% of the total composition. WHY?
[0023] The composition according to the invention also comprises a
cosmetically acceptable vehicle to act as a diluent, dispersant or
carrier for pulegone in the composition, so as to facilitate its
distribution when the composition is applied to the skin.
[0024] The inventive composition may be an oil-in-water or a
water-in-oil emulsion. However, to provide maximum delivery,
preferably the inventive composition is an oil-in-water emulsion,
wherein pulegone is dissolved in the oil phase. The emulsion
preferably contains at least 80 wt. % water, by weight of the
vehicle. Preferably, the amount of water is at least 50 wt. % of
the inventive composition, and most preferably from 60 to 80 wt. %,
by weight of the composition.
[0025] Optional Skin Benefit Materials and Cosmetic Adjuncts
[0026] According to the present invention, among the beneficial
effects of pulegone is its ability to enhance glucose uptake into
skin cells. While pulegone enhances the uptake of endogenous
glucose, the uptake may be further increased by adding an
additional ingredient to the composition. Preferably, the
ingredient is glucose or a compound that is known to break down in
the skin to glucose since glucose is available for uptake without
additional metabolism in the skin.
[0027] Compounds which break down in the skin to provide glucose
include, but are not limited to, glucosamine, glucose glutamate,
galactose, lactose, sucrose, and glucose phosphate esters.
[0028] This preferred optional ingredient is included in the
inventive compositions in an amount of from 0.001% to 10%,
preferably from 0.1% to 10%, most preferably from 0.1% to 5%.
[0029] Another category of functional ingredients within the
cosmetic compositions of the present invention includes thickeners.
A thickener will usually be present in amounts anywhere from 0.1%
to 20% by weight, preferably from about 0.5% to 10% by weight of
the composition. Exemplary thickeners are cross-linked polyacrylate
materials available under the trademark Carbopol from the B. F.
Goodrich Company. Gums may be employed such as xanthan,
carrageenan, gelatin, karaya, pectin, and locust beans gum. Under
certain circumstances the thickening function may be accomplished
by a material also serving as a silicone or emollient. For
instance, silicone gums in excess of 10 centistokes and esters such
as glycerol stearate have dual functionality.
[0030] Powders may be incorporated into the cosmetic composition of
the invention. These powders include chalk, talc, kaolin, starch,
smectite clays, chemically modified magnesium aluminum silicate,
organically modified montmorillonite clay, hydrated aluminum
silicate, fumed silica, aluminum starch octenyl succinate and
mixtures thereof.
[0031] The inventive compositions also preferably include
sunscreens, perfumes and alpha hydroxy acids. Sunscreens aid in
reducing the skin's exposure to harmful UV rays. Sunscreens include
those materials commonly employed to block ultraviolet light.
Illustrative compounds are the derivatives of PABA, cinnamate and
derivatives of salicylate (other than ferulyl salicylate). For
example, octyl methoxycinnamate and 2-hydroxy-4-methoxycinnamate
and 2-hydroxy4-methoxy benxophenone are commercially available
under the trademarks, Parsol MCX and Bezonphenone-3, respectively.
The exact amount of sunscreen employed in the emulsions can vary
depending upon the degree of protection desired from the sun's UV
radiation.
[0032] Other adjunct minor components may also be incorporated into
the cosmetic composition. These ingredients may include coloring
agents, and opacifiers. Amounts of these other adjunct minor
components may range anywhere from 0.001% up to 20% by weight of
the composition.
[0033] Product Use, Form, and Packaging
[0034] In use, a small quantity of the composition, for example
from 1 to 100 ml, is applied to exposed areas of the skin, from a
suitable container or applicator and, if necessary, it is then
spread over and/or rubbed into the skin using the hand or fingers
or a suitable device.
[0035] The cosmetic skin conditioning composition of the invention
can be formulated as a lotion or a cream. The composition can be
packaged in a suitable container to suit its viscosity and intended
use by the consumer. For example, a lotion or cream can be packaged
in a bottle, a roll-ball applicator, a propellant-driven aerosol
device or a container fitted with a pump suitable for finger
operation. When the composition is a cream, it can simply be stored
in a non-deformable bottle or squeeze container, such as a tube or
a lidded jar. The invention accordingly also provides a closed
container containing a cosmetically acceptable composition as
herein defined.
[0036] The following specific examples further illustrate the
invention, but the invention is not limited thereto.
[0037] Materials and Methods
[0038] The final stage of epidermal differentiation is the
formation of the cornified envelope. Transglutaminase, the enzyme
responsible for the formation of cornified envelopes, is a marker
of epidermal differentiation.
[0039] Keratinocyte Culture
[0040] Normal human keratinocytes, isolated from neonatal foreskin
by trypsin treatment, were grown in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's
Medium (DMEM, Life Technologies, Grand Island, N.Y.) with 10% fetal
bovine serum in the presence of irradiated mouse fibroblasts for
establishing dividing keratinocyte colonies. Cells were incubated
until their second passage and stored at -70.degree. C. for future
use. All incubations took place at 37.degree. C. with 5% CO.sub.2.
Frozen second passage keratinocytes were thawed and plated in T-175
flasks (Corning, Corning, N.Y.) with DMEM and grown for five days.
After reaching 80% confluence, they were trypsinized and seeded
into 6-well plates containing keratinocyte growth medium (KGM,
Clonetics, San Diego, Calif.) with 0.15 mM calcium.
[0041] Transglutaminase (TG-1) Assay
[0042] A sample of the keratinocytes grown in the keratinocyte
culture described above, were placed in KGM (2 ml per well) at 0.2
million cells/plate in 6-well plates and re-grown for five days
until the cells reached approximately 20% confluence, since TG-1
only begins to become expressed after confluence. Two milliliters
of fresh KGM were added to each well and 10 .mu.l of corn oil
containing 0, 2.5, 5 or 10% pulegone were placed on the surface of
the medium each day for three days. One set of triplicate wells was
left untreated to serve as control. After three days of incubation,
cells were washed thoroughly with phosphate buffered saline (PBS,
10 mM sodium phosphate, 138 mM sodium chloride, 2.7 mM potassium
chloride, pH 7.4) and placed at -70.degree. C. for 2 hours. Cells
were then thawed for two hours. The DNA content of cells was
quantified by using the DNA-binding fluorophore, bis-benzimidazole
(Hoechst 33258) and measuring the specific fluorescence of the
DNA-bound fluorophore (360 nm excitation, 450 nm emission).
Cellular TG-1 levels were determined by using a transglutaminase-1
(TG-1) specific monoclonal antibody as the primary antibody (BC1,
Amersham, UK) and a peroxidase labeled rabbit antimouse IgG as the
secondary antibody (Amersham, UK). The plates were blocked at room
temperature with 5% nonfat milk in Tris-buffered saline (TBS, 10 mM
Tris, 150 mM NaCL, pH 8.0) for one hour followed by two hours
incubation with the primary antibody (1:4000 dilution) in 1%
milk/TBS at room temperature. After rinsing the plates three times
with 1% milk/TBS containing 0.05% Tween 20 (Bio-Rad, Hercules,
Calif.), the plates were incubated with a 1:4000 dilution of the
secondary antibody at room temperature for two hours. The plates
were then rinsed three times with 1% milk/0.05% Tween 20/TBS and
three times with PBS. Color was developed by incubation with
o-phenylene-diamine (Sigma, St. Louis, Mo.) and hydrogen peroxide
(Sigma) dissolved in a 1:1 mixture of 0.2 M dibasic sodium
phosphate (Sigma) and 0.1 M citric acid at pH 5.0(Sigma). Solutions
were transferred to 4 mL plastic cuvets (Fisher Scientific,
Pittsburgh, Pa.) and the absorbance was read at 492 nm on an
Ultraspec 3000 spectrophotometer (Pharmacia, Piscataway, N.J.) and
TG-1 levels were expressed as absorbence/DNA fluoroscence.
[0043] Lipid Analysis
[0044] A sample of the keratinocytes that were grown in the
keratinocyte culture described above were placed in KGM (2 ml per
well) at 0.2 million per 6-well plates and re-grown for five days
until approximately 20% confluence was reached. Cells were fed and
treated with pulegone as described above for the TG-1 Assay. After
three days of treatment, cells were rinsed twice with PBS, then
harvested by adding 3 ml of 0.1 N NaOH (Fisher) to each well and
scraping with a rubber policeman. The supernatants were transferred
to 16 mm.times.100 mm glass test tubes with teflon-coated caps and
incubated for 1 hour at 70.degree. C. After cooling to room
temperature, a 50 .mu.l aliquot was removed for protein
determination (Pierce BCA assay, Rockford, Ill.). To each tube 320
.mu.l of 1 N HCl and 2.5 ml of chloroform were added and the tubes
mixed well. The tubes were then placed on a tumbler and agitated
for thirty minutes. The mixtures were then centrifuged for 10
minutes at 2000.times.g. 2 mL of chloroform were removed from the
organic phase and placed in an autosampler vial. The samples were
then dried evaporated under N.sub.2, resuspended in 60 .mu.l of
chloroform:methanol 2:1 and transferred to an autosampler insert
microtube which was placed inside another autosampler vial whcih
was sealed. 40 .mu.l of the sample was spotted (Camag Automatic TLC
Sampler III, Wilmington, N.C.) on silica TLC plates (Whatman
4807-700) and the plates were developed in horizontal chambers
(Camag) using the following solvent system: 1. 95:4.5:0.5
chloroform, methanol, acetic acid and 2. 60:40:2 hexane, ethyl
ether, acetic acid. Following immersion in 10% copper sulfate in 8%
phosphoric acid, plates were charred at 165.degree. C. for 20
minutes and then read in a densitometer (Camag TLC Scanner II). The
results were expressed in ng cermaides/.mu.g protein.
[0045] Glucose Uptake Assay
[0046] A sample of the keratinocytes grown in the keratinocyte
culture described above, were plated in KGM medium at either 0.5 or
1 million cells/plate in six well plates and incubated for 4 days.
The medium was then aspirated, and the wells were rinsed twice with
Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS), then the plates were incubated (1
mL/well) for 24 hours. The medium was replaced with fresh KBM, 10
.mu.l of corn oil containing pulegone at various concentrations
were added and cells were allowed to incubate (for 4 hours at
37.degree. C.) before 2 .mu.Ci of .sup.3H 2-deoxy-glucose
(Amersham, UK) were added to each well. Samples were then incubated
for one hour. The medium was aspirated and wells were rinsed three
times with PBS before the addition of 500 .mu.L of 0.1N NaOH/well.
After 10 minutes of agitation on a shaker, a 25 .mu.L aliquot was
removed for protein analysis, and 200 .mu.L were transferred to a
scintillation vial containing 5 mL Scintillation cocktail
(Scintiverse) and counting was performed on a Beckman counter.
.sup.3H-Glucose uptake results were expressed as CPM/.mu.g
protein.
[0047] Concentrations used in the examples below are of pulegone in
a corn oil droplet. The in vitro concentration may not be relevant
to in vivo concentration because there is partitioning between the
oil and the culture medium. The medium concentration of the active
is not the oil droplet concentration of the active. For the
pulegone to elicit its effect on the cultured cells, it must
diffuse out of the corn oil into the culture medium where it is
then accessible to the cells. The pulegone concentration in the
culture medium is therefore considerably less than the
concentration in the corn oil droplet.
EXAMPLE 1
[0048] This example investigated the effect of pulegone on
transglutaminase expression in human keratinocytes, the results of
which are summarized in Table 1.
1TABLE 1 TG-1/DNA (Absorbance/ Arbitrary Units of DNA .+-. Standard
% of P STATISTICAL SAMPLE Deviation) CONTROL VALUE SIGNIFICANCE
CONTROL 12.73 .+-. 1.41 100 -- -- Pulegone 15.45 .+-. 2.32 121
>0.05 NO 1% Pulegone 24.96 .+-. 4.85 196 <0.05 YES 2.5%
Pulegone 36.40 .+-. 0.89 286 <0.05 YES 5%
[0049] It can be seen from the results in Table 1 that human
keratinocytes exposed to pulegone at 2.5% and 5% in corn oil had
increased transglutaminase-1 expression in comparison to untreated
keratinocytes.
EXAMPLE 2
[0050] This example investigated the effect of pulegone on
ceramides expression in human keratinocytes, the results of which
are summarized in Table 2.
2TABLE 2 CERAMIDES (ng/.mu.g PROTEIN .+-. % of P STATISTICAL SAMPLE
S.D.) CONTROL VALUE SIGNIFICANCE CONTROL 13.9 .+-. 3.60 100 -- --
Pulegone 8.97 .+-. 1.17 65 >0.05 NO 1% Pulegone 23.8 .+-. 11.0
171 >0.05 NO 2.5% Pulegone 42.8 .+-. 6.91 308 <0.05 YES
5%
[0051] It can be seen from the results in Table 2 that human
keratinocytes exposed to pulegone in corn oil increased expression
of ceramides in comparison to untreated keratinocytes.
EXAMPLE 3
[0052] This example investigated the effect of pulegone on glucose
uptake in human keratinocytes, the results of which are shown in
Table 3.
3TABLE 3 GLUCOSE UPTAKE (cpm/.mu.g PROTEIN .+-. % of P STATISTICAL
SAMPLE S.D.) CONTROL VALUE SIGNIFICANCE CONTROL 4.83 .+-. 0.34 100
-- -- Pulegone 3.71 .+-. 0.35 77 <0.05 YES 1% Pulegone 9.14 .+-.
0.69 189 <0.05 YES 5%
[0053] It can be seen from the results in Table 3 that human
keratinocytes exposed to pulegone in corn oil significantly
increased glucose uptake.
EXAMPLE 4
[0054] Example 4 illustrates topical compositions according to the
present invention. The compositions can be processed in
conventional manner. They are suitable for cosmetic use. In
particular the compositions are suitable for application to
wrinkled, rough, flaky, aged and/or UV-damaged skin and/or dry skin
and post-menopausal skin to improve the appearance and the feel
thereof as well as for application to healthy skin to prevent or
retard deterioration thereof.
4 INGREDIENT % w/w OIL-IN-WATER EMULSION Dl Water 73.40 Carbomer
0.30 Disodium EDTA 0.10 Glycerin 3.00 Polysorbate 20 2.50 Butylene
Glycol 2.00 Methylparaben 0.30 Triethanolamine 99% 0.30 Pulegone
2.00 Isopropyl Myristate 5.00 Octyl Palmitate 3.00 Cetyl Alcohol
1.00 Dimethicone, 100 cst 0.50 Beeswax 0.30 Propylparaben 0.10
Germall II 0.10 Fragrance 0.10 Total ----> 100.00 OIL-IN-WATER
EMULSION Dl Water 71.20 Xanthan Gum 0.20 Disodium EDTA 0.10
Glycerin 5.00 Butylene Glycol 2.00 Methylparaben 0.30 Pulegone 2.00
Isopropyl Myristate 5.00 Octyl Palmitate 3.00 Cetyl Alcohol 1.00
Dimethicone, 100 cst 0.50 Steareth-2 0.40 Steareth-21 3.00
Propylparaben 0.10 Germall II 0.10 Fragrance 0.10 Total ---->
100.00 WATER-IN-OIL EMULSION Dl Water 63.30 Disodium EDTA 0.10
Glycerin 3.00 Propylene Glycol 2.00 Sodium Chloride 0.70
Methylparaben 0.30 Cyclomethicone 14.00 Pulegone 2.00 Isopropyl
Myristate 5.00 Octyl Palmitate 3.00 Dimethicone Copolyol 2.50
Dimethicone, 100 cst 0.50 Beeswax 0.30 Propylparaben 0.10 Germall
II 0.10 Fragrance 0.10 Total ----> 100.00 HYDRO-GEL Dl Water
81.85 Butylene Glycol 5.00 PPG-5-Ceteth 20 5.00 Glycerin 3.00
Carbomer 1.20 Triethanolamine 99% 1.20 Pulegone 2.00 Ascorbic acid
1.00 Methylparaben 0.30 Polysorbate 20 0.25 Disodium EDTA 0.10
Germall II 0.10 Total ----> 100.00 ANHYDROUS SERUM
Cyclomethicone 72.40 Pulegone 1.00 Isopropyl Myristate 5.00 Octyl
Palmitate 3.00 Polyglycerol-6 Dioleate 5.00 Butylene Glycol 4.00
Dimethicone, 100 cst 5.00 Beeswax 0.30 Propylparaben 0.20 Fragrance
0.10 Total ----> 100.00 HYDRO-ALCOHOLIC GEL Dl Water 52.85
Alcohol SDA40B 30.00 Butylene Glycol 5.00 PPG-5-Ceteth 20 5.00
Glycerin 3.00 Carbomer 1.20 Triethanolamine 99% 1.20 Pulegone 1.00
Methylparaben 0.30 Polysorbate 20 0.25 Disodium EDTA 0.10 Germall
II 0.10 Total ----> 100.00
[0055] It should be understood that the specific forms of the
invention herein illustrated and described are intended to be
representative only. Changes, including but not limited to those
suggested in this specification, may be made in the illustrated
embodiments without departing from the clear teachings of the
disclosure. Accordingly, reference should be made to the following
appended claims in determining the full scope of the invention.
* * * * *