U.S. patent application number 09/853727 was filed with the patent office on 2002-01-03 for deodorant and/or antiperspirant compositions.
This patent application is currently assigned to Unilever Home & Personal Care USA, Division of Conopco, Inc.. Invention is credited to Brewster, David Allen, Scafidi, Anthony Aloysius.
Application Number | 20020001572 09/853727 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 22766786 |
Filed Date | 2002-01-03 |
United States Patent
Application |
20020001572 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Brewster, David Allen ; et
al. |
January 3, 2002 |
Deodorant and/or antiperspirant compositions
Abstract
The invention relates to antiperspirant/deodorant soft solid
compositions which comprise: a) a volatile silicone or a volatile
hydrocarbon compound; b) a structuring wax; c) a silicone elastomer
at from about 0.1 to about 30%; and d) an antiperspirant or
deodorant active ingredient. The invention also relates to a method
of controlling body odor and perspiration by contacting human skin
with a composition of the invention.
Inventors: |
Brewster, David Allen;
(Buffalo Grove, IL) ; Scafidi, Anthony Aloysius;
(Westchester, IL) |
Correspondence
Address: |
UNILEVER
PATENT DEPARTMENT
45 RIVER ROAD
EDGEWATER
NJ
07020
US
|
Assignee: |
Unilever Home & Personal Care
USA, Division of Conopco, Inc.
|
Family ID: |
22766786 |
Appl. No.: |
09/853727 |
Filed: |
May 11, 2001 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
60206527 |
May 23, 2000 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
424/65 ; 424/66;
424/68 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61Q 15/00 20130101;
A61K 8/585 20130101; Y10T 442/2525 20150401; A61K 8/28 20130101;
A61L 26/0019 20130101; Y10S 514/944 20130101; C08L 83/04 20130101;
A61L 26/0004 20130101; A61K 8/25 20130101; A61K 8/891 20130101;
A61L 26/0019 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
424/65 ; 424/66;
424/68 |
International
Class: |
A61K 007/32; A61K
007/34; A61K 007/38 |
Claims
1. A soft solid composition comprising: a) a volatile silicone or a
volatile hydrocarbon compound; b) a structuring wax; c) a silicone
elastomer at from about 0.1 to about 30%; and d) antiperspirant or
deodorant active ingredient.
2. A composition according to claim 1, comprising: a) about 25 to
about 75% of a volatile silicone; b) about 1 to about 10% of a
structuring wax; c) about 0.1 to about 30% of a silicone elastomer;
and d) about 1 to about 50% of an antiperspirant or deodorant
active ingredient.
3. A composition according to claim 1, wherein the silicone
elastomer comprises about 1 to about 8% of the composition.
4. A composition the composition according to claim 3, wherein the
silicone elastomer comprises about 1 to about 5% of the
composition.
5. A composition according to claim 4, wherein the silicone
elastomer comprises about 1 to about 4% of the composition.
6. A composition according to claim 1, which is an antiperspirant
and/or deodorant.
7. A composition according to claim 1, wherein the structuring wax
melts at between about 65.5 and about 102.degree. C.
8. A composition according to claim 1, wherein the structuring wax
is selected from the group consisting of beeswax, spermaceti,
camauba, bayberry, candedilla, montan, ozokerite, ceresin,
paraffin, synthetic waxes, microcrystalline wax, and mixtures
thereof.
9. A composition according to claim 8, wherein the wax is
microcrystalline wax.
10. A composition according to claim 1, wherein the structuring wax
comprises a mixture of a synthetic carbonyl-containing wax and a
high melting point hydrocarbon wax, in a weight ratio of from about
5:1 to about 1:2.
11. A composition according to claim 1, which further comprises an
emollient.
12. A composition according to claim 11, wherein the emollient is
non-volatile and non-toxic.
13. A composition according to claim 10, wherein the emollient is
an organic emollient, a silicone based emollient, or mixtures
thereof.
14. A composition according to claim 1, wherein the antiperspirant
or deodorant active ingredient is aluminum zirconium
trichlorohydrex-Gly.
15. A composition according to any of claim 1, wherein the
antiperspirant or deodorant active ingredient is aluminum zirconium
tetrachlorohydrex-Gly.
16. A composition according to claim 1, which comprises a volatile
silicone.
17. A composition according to claim 16, wherein said volatile
silicone compound is selected from the group consisting of volatile
cyclomethicone and volatile dimethicone.
18. A composition according to claim 1, which comprises a volatile
hydrocarbon compound.
19. A composition according to claim 18, wherein said volatile
hydrocarbon compound is selected from the group consisting of
esters, hydrocarbons and ethers.
20. A composition according to claim 1 which further comprises a
non-volatile diluent.
21. A composition according to claim 20, wherein the non-volatile
diluent is non-volatile dimethicone having a viscosity of from 50
to 500 mPa.s.
22. A composition according to claim 20, wherein the non-volatile
diluent is present in an amount of from about 5 to about 15% by
weight.
23. A composition according to claim 1, which further comprises a
moisturizing agent which is a hydroxylated agent.
24. A composition according to claim 23, wherein said hydroxylated
agent is selected from the group consisting of glycerin, sorbitol,
and sodium hylauronate.
25. A composition according to either of claim 23, wherein the
moisturizing agent is present in an amount of from about 0.2 to
about 2.5% by weight.
26. A composition according to claim 1, wherein the elastomer is
non-emulsifying.
27. A cosmetic method for reducing or controlling perspiration or
odor which comprises administering to the underarm area an
effective amount of a composition according to claim 1.
Description
RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] The present application claims the benefit of priority of
provisional application, U.S. Ser. No. 60/206,527, filed on May 23,
2000.
[0002] The present invention relates to deodorant and/or
antiperspirant compositions and more particularly compositions in
the form of soft solids, to the manufacture of such compositions
and their use in controlling perspiration, especially in the
axilla.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Soft solid antiperspirant/deodorant products have been
disclosed which contain silicone elastomers. A potential problem
with such soft solid antiperspirant/deodorant products is their
aesthetics. More specifically, such products can have a heavy,
greasy feel. The present invention solves this problem.
[0004] As further background to this invention, it may be noted
that many solid antiperspirants have been described in the chemical
and cosmetic literature. These compositions generally tend to fall
into one of two classes: emulsion sticks and suspensoid sticks.
Emulsion sticks contain a solution of the antiperspirant active
incorporated in the stick via an emulsion. Although emulsion sticks
may be desirable in certain respects, many tend to be unstable,
have poor aesthetics and leave a visible or sticky residue on the
skin after use. Suspensoid sticks contain the powdered
antiperspirant active suspended in the stick without the use of
water or an emulsion. The present invention provides an excellent
antiperspirant or deodorant composition which has increased
esthetic properties as mentioned above. The compositions of the
invention are anhydrous antiperspirant/deodorant compositions which
are suspensoids which can be in the form of soft solids.
[0005] Patents and patent documents related to this field of
invention are as follows:
[0006] U.S. Pat. No. 5,919,437 discloses a solid cosmetic
composition (e.g. a cream) containing an active cosmetic material
and a silicone gel material.
[0007] U.S. Pat. No. 6,007,799 discloses a clear cosmetic gel
composition in the form of a water-in-oil emulsion, and methods of
forming and using the composition.
[0008] U.S. Pat. No. 5,922,308 discloses an underarm treatment
composition including a deodorant and/or antiperspirant active, a
crosslinked non-emulsifying siloxane elastomer and a volatile
siloxane.
[0009] U.S. Pat. No. 5,922,309 discloses an underarm treatment
composition including a deodorant and/or antiperspirant active, and
cyclomethicone in hexameric form.
[0010] U.S. Pat. No. 5,942,215 discloses an antiperspirant stick
composition suitable for topical application to human skin
comprising; an effective amount of an antiperspirant astringent; a
volatile silicone; a structurant; and a cross-linked or partially
cross-linked non-emulsifying siloxane elastomer.
[0011] It is a further object of the present invention in at least
some embodiments to provide a cosmetic composition having reduced
syneresis (e.g. reduced syneresis of silicone material therefrom),
and methods of making and using such composition.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0012] The invention relates to an antiperspirant/deodorant soft
solid compositions with improved aesthetics including one or more
of lack of greasiness, improved or drier feeling, improved "glide"
and better payoff.
[0013] More specifically, the invention relates to
antiperspirant/deodoran- t soft solid compositions comprising:
[0014] a) a volatile silicone compound;
[0015] b) a structuring wax;
[0016] c) a silicone elastomer at from about 0.1 to about 30%;
and
[0017] d) an antiperspirant or deodorant active ingredient.
[0018] The invention also relates to a method of controlling body
odor and perspiration by contacting human skin with a composition
of the invention.
[0019] A soft solid herein indicates the composition is a cream,
commonly a viscous material which flows when subjected to a
pressure between 10 to 40 mPa (about 1.5 to 6 psi).
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0020] As used herein % means weight % unless otherwise indicated.
The starting materials used in making the compositions of the
invention are either known or can be made according to known
methods. The compositions of the invention can be made by known
methods or they can be made by methods which are analogous to those
which are known in the art.
[0021] The invention relates to antiperspirant/deodorant soft solid
compositions which comprise:
[0022] a) a volatile silicone compound;
[0023] b) a structuring wax;
[0024] c) a silicone elastomer at from about 0.1 to about 30%;
and
[0025] d) an antiperspirant or deodorant active ingredient.
[0026] The invention relates to a method for reducing or
controlling perspiration or odor which comprises administering to
the underarm area an effective amount of a composition of the
invention.
[0027] More specifically, the compositions of the invention
comprise:
[0028] a) about 25 to about 75% of a volatile silicone;
[0029] b) about 1 to about 10% of a structuring wax;
[0030] c) about 0.1 to about 30% of a silicone elastomer;
[0031] d) about 1 to about 50% of an antiperspirant or deodorant
active ingredient.
[0032] The invention also relates to a method for reducing or
controlling perspiration or odor which comprises administering to
the underarm area an effective amount of a composition of the
invention.
[0033] While the present invention will be described in connection
with specific and preferred embodiments, it will be understood that
it is not intended to limit the invention to those embodiments. To
the contrary, it is intended that the present invention cover all
alterations, modifications and equivalents as may be included
within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the
appended claims.
[0034] Throughout the present disclosure, the present invention is
described primarily in connection with an antiperspirant or
deodorant composition, including antiperspirant and deodorant soft
solids compositions. However, the present invention is not limited
to such compositions; for example, the composition according to the
present invention can be a sunscreen composition. Depending on the
active cosmetic ingredients included in the composition, the
composition can be an insect repellent composition, a sunscreen
composition, an anti-fungal composition, etc. As to various types
of cosmetic compositions and active materials incorporated therein,
applicable to the present invention, attention is directed to U.S.
Pat. No. 4,322,400 to Yuhas, which is hereby incorporated by
reference.
[0035] Thus, while the present invention will primarily be
described in connection with antiperspirant and deodorant
compositions, for application to the skin, particularly in axillary
regions of the human body, in order to reduce body malodor, e.g.,
by reducing the flow of perspiration in the axillary regions, the
present invention is not limited to these specific uses, and, as
described previously, can include various active cosmetic materials
in order to achieve specific cosmetic effects for the skin.
[0036] Throughout the present specification, "deodorant active"
materials and "antiperspirant active" materials are discussed. Both
types of materials contribute to reduction of body (for example,
axillary) malodor. By reduction of body malodor is meant that,
generally, there is less body malodor after application of the
composition to a person's skin, as compared to body malodor of the
person without application of the composition. Such reduction can
be due to one or more of a masking of the malodor; absorption
and/or chemical reaction of the malodorous materials; reduction of
the levels of the bacteria producing the malodorous materials, e.g.
from perspiration; and reduction of perspiration, etc. The
antiperspirant materials, when utilized in appropriate amounts,
primarily act to reduce malodor by reducing production of
perspiration; the antiperspirant materials can also have a
deodorant function, e.g., as an antimicrobial agent. The deodorant
active materials do not substantially reduce the production of
perspiration, but reduce malodor in other ways, e.g., as fragrances
masking the malodor or reducing the malodor intensity, as odor
adsorbents, as antimicrobial (bacteriostatic) agents, as agents
chemically reacting with malodorous material, etc.
[0037] Throughout the specification, where compositions are
described as including or comprising specific components or
materials, or methods are described as including or comprising
specific processing steps, it is contemplated by the inventors that
such compositions and methods of the present invention include
variations which consist essentially of, or consist of, the recited
components or materials, or the recited steps. Accordingly,
throughout the present disclosure, any described composition of the
present invention can consist essentially of, or consist of, the
recited components or materials, and any method can consist
essentially of, or consist of, the recited steps.
[0038] The present invention contemplates an anhydrous cosmetic
composition (e.g., a solid (solidified) cosmetic composition)
containing (1) an active cosmetic material selected from the group
consisting of deodorant active materials, antiperspirant active
materials, sunscreen materials, insect repellents and anti fungal
agents, and (2) a silicone gel material that acts to improve the
aesthetics of the composition, but said gel does not act as a
structurant for the composition; and (3) a wax that acts as a
structurant for the composition. The silicone gel material includes
an organopolysiloxane material and a volatile silicone material.
Illustratively, the active cosmetic material (e.g., antiperspirant
active metal salt) can be in particulate form, suspended in the
silicone gel material; but it need not be in such particulate
form.
[0039] It has been found that when silicone elastomers are included
in compositions of the invention at low levels, that is from about
I to about 7%, more preferably about 4%, that they do not function
as structurants but instead provide compositions with good
aesthetic properties such as silky feel. Silicone elastomers also
reduce the likelihood that the final product will undergo
syneresis. It has also been found that low levels of silicone
elastomers when used in conjunction with specific waxes results in
compositions with outstanding aesthetic properties. Such waxes can
be selected from the group consisting of beeswax, spermaceti,
camauba wax, bayberry, candedilla, montan wax, ozokerite,
microcrystalline wax such as Multiwax 180 from Witco and
triglyceride Wax such as Syncrowax HGL-C from Croda.
Microcrystalline wax is preferred.
[0040] The selection of a limited proportion of structuring wax eg
1 to 10% by weight in conjunction with the silicone elastomer
enables the production of a product having improved aesthetic
properties, such as less greasiness, by combining the sensory
benefits of the elastomer, particularly when present in a
non-structuring amount, with the structuring capabilities of the
waxes.
[0041] A description of the ingredients that are used in the
preparation of the compositions of the invention now follows.
[0042] Volatile Silicone Compounds and Polyorganosiloxane
[0043] Various silicones can be used as the polyorganosiloxane of
the silicone gel material of the present invention. These silicone
gels can be combined with a volatile silicone material (e.g.,
cyclomethicone) to form the silicone gel material of the present
invention.
[0044] Desirably, the organopolysiloxane material is a silicone
rubber, which can be swollen by the volatile silicone material so
as to form the silicone gel material. The silicone gel material can
be made, e.g., by mixing or blending the silicone rubber and
volatile silicone material (for example, cyclomethicone) at a high
shear rate.
[0045] Illustratively, the organopolysiloxane material is a
reaction product using a polysiloxane as a reactant. The reaction
takes place in the presence of a diluent, preferably a volatile
silicone material, such that the volatile silicone material can
easily be incorporated within a matrix of the reaction product so
as to provide the silicone gel material. The volatile silicone
material is most preferably cyclomethicone. The reaction can take
place in the presence of other diluents, commonly miscible with
organopolysiloxanes, such as dimethicone, phenyl trimethicone,
esters, hydrocarbons, or ethers.
[0046] Thickening agents have been made via platinum catalysed
hydroxylation reactions used to form networks. These cross-linked
structures are the result of reactions between a polysiloxane
containing 2 or more .dbd.Si--H groups, and a polysiloxane
containing 2 or more .dbd.Si-vinyl groups. This technology has been
used to gain patents applicable to the personal care market.
[0047] Silicone gels are made by reacting an .dbd.Si--H containing
polysiloxane with an alpha, omega-diene. The reaction is conducted
in the presence of a platinum catalyst and in the presence of an
organic or silicone matrix, often of low molecular weight. The
reaction is continued until a gel forms by crosslinking (addition
of the .dbd.Si--H across double bonds) of the siloxane with the
alpha, omega-diene. Examples of the materials synthesized in this
manner include, but are not limited to, DC 9040 silicone elastomer
blend; and DC 9010 silicone elastomer blend; and DC 9070 elastomer
blend.
[0048] Another material which can be utilized as the silicone gel
material according to the present invention is the product KSG-17
of Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). This material is
described as a cyclic dimethylsilicone thickener which is a
colorless, transparent paste and utilizes
octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (cyclomethicone) as the base
fluid.
[0049] Another material which can be utilized as the silicone gel
material is GRANSIL SR-CYC, a product of Grant Industries, Inc.
(Elmwood Park, N.J.). This product is a mixture of cyclomethicone
and stearyl-vinyl/hydromethylsiloxane copolymer.
[0050] Another material which can be utilized as the silicone gel
material is SF 839 GE from GE.
[0051] Various vinyl-functionalized polydimethylsiloxanes which can
be used for providing the organopolysiloxane of the silicone gel
material of compositions of the present invention are disclosed in
the following patent documents: WO 97/44010; WO 98/18849; WO
98/00104; WO98/00105; WO 98/18438; WO 98/00097 U.S. Pat. No.
5,599,533; U.S. 4,987,169; U.S. 5,412, 004; U.S. 5,750,123; (EPA)
No. 0410697 (Jan. 30, 1989); EPA No. 0431979 (Jun. 6, 1991); EPA
No. 0444960 (Apr. 9, 1991); EPA No. 0501791 (Feb. 9, 1992); EPA No.
0475439 (Mar. 8, 1992); EPA No. 0614658 (Feb. 3, 1994); EPA No.
0688828 (Dec. 27,1995); Japanese Laid-Open Application (JK) No.
62-143971 (Dec. 17, 1985); JK No. 62-143970 (Dec. 17,1985); U.S.
Pat. No. 4,698,386; U.S. Pat. No. 5,086,147; U.S. Pat. No.
5,266,321; U.S. Pat No. 5,279,890; U.S. Pat. No. 5,412,004; U.S.
Pat. No. 5,466,442; and U.S. Pat. No. 5,466,849.
[0052] The reaction between the vinyl-terminated siloxane polymer
and the hydride cross-linking agent is preferably performed in the
presence of a platinum catalyst. Various platinum catalysts for
this reaction are available from Huls America, Inc., designated as
CPC072, CPC075 and CPC085.
[0053] The reaction product (hydroxylation product) used as the
organopolysiloxane material according to the present invention
includes materials used in other areas such as in the electronics
area, and includes room temperature vulcanized (RTV) silicones.
[0054] The volatile silicone material utilized in providing the
silicone gel material for forming the composition of the present
invention can be conventional cyclic and linear volatile silicones,
acting as a swelling agent for the organopolysiloxane.
Illustratively, and not limiting, the volatile silicone can be a
cyclomethicone, including (but not limited to)
octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (tetramer component) and
decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (pentamer component) and
dodecamethylcyclopentasiloxane (hexamer component) or mixtures of
two or more thereof. Linear volatile silicones, known in the art,
commonly containing between 4 and 6 silicone units could also be
used as the volatile silicone material for forming the silicone gel
material according to the present invention. Desirably, where the
organopolysiloxane is formed by reacting a vinyl-terminated
siloxane polymer and a hydride cross-linking agent (e.g., a
hydride-containing silicone), the reaction takes place in the
presence of the volatile silicone material (as well as in the
presence of a platinum catalyst), whereby the swelled material
(silicone gel material), having the volatile silicone material
trapped in a matrix of the gelling agent, is easily achieved.
[0055] The polyorganosiloxane material is about 3% to about 13% by
weight, of the total weight of the silicone gel material. The
silicone gel material can then be about 2 to about 30% of the total
composition. These amounts are merely illustrative, and are not
limiting of the present invention. As noted above, the reaction can
take place in the presence of other diluents such as dimethicone,
phenyl trimethicone, esters, hydrocarbons, or ethers.
[0056] The silicone gel material can be formed by blending the
organopolysiloxane and volatile silicone material together, such
that the volatile silicone material causes the organopolysiloxane
to swell. Illustratively, and not of a limiting nature, a silicone
rubber (e.g., a cross-linked polydimethylsiloxane) and
cyclomethicone can be mixed in a high shear blender, homogenizer or
sonolator at ambient temperature, to form gelled cyclomethicone as
the silicone gel material.
[0057] Also illustratively, the silicone gel material can be
included in the cosmetic composition in an amount of 1%-30% by
weight, of the total weight of the cosmetic composition.
Compositions according to the present invention can be made by
mixing the silicone gel material with cyclomethicone, and
structuring waxes, heating until the waxes are fully melted, then
adding the antiperspirant or deodorant active and any other
ingredients which are commonly used in antiperspirant and deodorant
compositions such as silica, talc, perfumes, and nonvolatile oils.
Then, the product is poured into molds and cooled.
[0058] Illustratively, where the composition is an antiperspirant
composition containing an antiperspirant active material for
reducing perspiration in axillary regions, the composition is
extruded from inside the dispensing canister through the slots onto
the top surface of the dispensing canister, and from there is
applied (rubbed) on the skin in the axillary regions, so as to
deposit sufficient antiperspirant active material (and, if present,
sufficient deodorant active material) so as to reduce perspiration
and reduce body malodor originating in axillary regions of the
human body.
[0059] Specific examples of compositions within the scope of the
present invention are set forth. These specific examples are
illustrative of the present invention, and are not limiting. In
these Examples, the amounts of the components are in weight
percent, of the total weight of the composition.
[0060] Diluent Fluids
[0061] The compositions of the invention may further comprise a
diluent fluid or mixture which is miscible with volatile silicones.
The diluents, commonly can comprise liquid non-volatile
organopolysiloxanes, such as non-volatile dimethicone, or phenyl
trimethicone, or liquid hydrocarbons. Suitable non-volatile
dimethicones commonly have a viscosity of from about 50 to 1000 cSt
(mPa.s) and are available from Dow Coming Inc. within their range
of DC200 dimethicones. The diluent fluids can be present in an
amount of up to about 20% by weight, for example from 5 to 15% by
weight. A suitable weight ratio range for the volatile silicones to
diluent fluids such as non-volatile dimethicones of viscosity 100
to 500 cSt (mPa.s) comprises from 10:1 to 2.5:1, particularly 8:1
to 4:1.
[0062] Volatile Hydrocarbons
[0063] Herein, the term volatile hydrocarbons indicates volatile
water-immiscible materials comprising a hydrocarbon chain which
optionally can further comprise an embedded ether or ester
linkage.
[0064] Waxes
[0065] The compositions of the invention comprise one or more
waxes.
[0066] The wax is a structurant which provides thermal stability to
the soft solid compositions of the invention. In addition, the wax
allows for the use of less fatty alcohol structurants in the
compositions of the invention than are used in conventional stick
products.
[0067] The wax may be selected from the group consisting of
beeswax, spermaceti, camauba wax, bayberry, candedilla, montan wax,
ozokerite, ceresin, paraffin, synthetic waxes, and microcrystalline
wax. Microcrystalline wax (CTFA trade name) is preferred. The
microcrystalline wax named MULTIWAX 180M from WITCO is used in
compositions below.
[0068] Certain compositions of the invention also contain
combinations of more than one wax as noted above.
[0069] Nonlimiting examples of other waxes which can be included in
the compositions of the invention are castor wax, stearyl alcohol
and most preferably SF 1642. SF 1642 is C30-C45 alkyl dimethicone
and is available from General Electric, Connecticut.
[0070] SF 1632 which is cetearyl methicone is available from
General Electric and can also be used in compositions of the
invention.
[0071] As noted above, compositions of the invention may further
comprise synthetic waxes. Synthetic waxes provide compositions
of-the invention with properties such as thermal stability,
improved structuring properties, less syneresis, and they allow for
the use of less overall wax in the composition and thereby provide
for compositions which leave less waxy residue upon application.
Synthetic waxes that are particularly preferred are
carbonyl-containing such as mixtures of long chain wax esters,
glycerides, and fatty acids. Often synthetic waxes that are
particularly preferred can have the following advantages over
natural waxes: provide stable uniform properties in emulsion
sticks, provide intrinsic structural attributes that allow for high
powder formulations, and provide structural integrity to solid
emollient preparations without compromising the liquid feel of
their payoff. Additionally, they may contribute less odor to the
composition than natural waxes.
[0072] Nonlimiting examples of synthetic waxes which can be used in
compositions of the invention are as follows: C18-C36 saturated
fatty acid waxes; ethylene glycol diesters of C18-C36 saturated
fatty acid waxes; triglycerides of C18-C36 saturated fatty acid
waxes; the triglyceride of behenic acid (which is called glyceryl
tribehenate); a partial calcium salt of triglycerides of C18-C36
saturated fatty acid waxes; and synthetic beeswax.
[0073] Synthetic waxes are commercially available from Croda under
the following tradenames:
[0074] SYNCROWAX BB4;
[0075] SYNCROWAX HRS-C;
[0076] SYNCROWAX HR-C;
[0077] SYNCROWAX HGL-C;
[0078] SYNCROWAX ERL-C; and
[0079] SYNCROWAX AW-IC.
[0080] A most preferred synthetic wax is SYNCROWAX HGL-C.
[0081] In many embodiments, it is desirable to employ as wax
system, a combination of a synthetic wax containing a carbonyl
group, as for example in a glyceride wax, with a hydrocarbon wax,
of which a particularly preferred example comprises Multiwax.TM.
180 or a hydrocarbon wax of similar melting point, i.e. melting
point preferably greater than 75.degree. C. In the combination of
synthetic carbonyl-containing wax and high melting point
hydrocarbon wax, the weight ratio of the waxes is desirably
selected in the range of from 5:1 to 1:2, and particularly 3.5:1 to
1.5:1 synthetic to hydrocarbon waxes.
[0082] It is particularly desirable to employ a wax or wax system
which melts at about 150 to 215.degree. F., ie about 65.5 to about
102.degree. C.
[0083] It is especially desirable to employ said desired or
preferred wax systems in conjunction with a limited proportion of
the aforementioned elastomer eg 1 to 8% particularly 1 to 5%, and
more desirably still also with the Theological additive described
hereinafter.
[0084] Antiperspirant Active
[0085] The antiperspirant active in the compositions of the
invention is present at from about 1 to about 50% and is a
particulate material selected from the group consisting of aluminum
zirconium complexes, aluminum chlorohydrates, aluminum
chlorohydroxide and mixtures thereof. Aluminum zirconium trichloro
hydrex-Gly is preferred.
[0086] As noted above, in many embodiments, the present
compositions contain from about 15% to about 50% by weight of a
particulate antiperspirant material, especially up to about 30%.
These weight percentages are calculated on an anhydrous metal salt
basis (exclusive of glycine, the salts of glycine; or other
complexing agents). The particulate antiperspirant material
preferably has particle sizes ranging from about 1 to about 100
microns, more preferably from about 1 to about 50 microns. They may
be in impalpable or microscopic in form and preferably have a high
bulk density (e.g. greater than about 0.7 g/cm.sup.3). Such
materials include, for example, many aluminum or zirconium
astringent salts or complexes and are well known in the art.
[0087] Any aluminum astringent antiperspirant salt or aluminum
and/or zirconium astringent complex in particulate form can be
employed herein. Salts useful as astringent antiperspirant salts or
as components of astringent complexes include aluminum halides,
aluminum hydroxyhalides, zirconyl oxy halides, zirconyl
hydroxyhalides and mixtures of these salt materials.
[0088] Aluminum salts of this type include aluminum chloride and
the aluminum hydroxy halides having the general formula
Al.sub.2(OH).sub.xQ.sub.yXH.sub.2O where Q is chlorine, bromine, or
iodine; x is from about 2 to about 5, and x+y is about 6 and x and
y do not need to be integers and where X is from about 1 to about
6. Aluminum salts of this type can be prepared in the manner
described more fully in U.S. Pat. No. 3,887,692 to Gilman, U.S.
Pat. No. 3,904,741 Jones and Rubino, both of which are herein
incorporated by reference.
[0089] The zirconium salts which are useful in the present
invention include both zirconium oxy salts and zirconium hydroxyl
salts, also referred to as zirconyl hydroxy salts. These compounds
may be represented by the following general empirical formula:
ZrO(OH).sub.2-nzB.sub.z
[0090] wherein z may vary from about 0.9 to about 2 and need not be
an integer, n is the valence of B, 2-nz is greater than or equal to
0, and B may be selected from the group consisting of halides,
nitrate, sulfamate, sulfate, and mixtures thereof. Although only
zirconium and aluminum compounds are exemplified in the
specification, it will be understood that other metals such as the
Group IV B metals, including hafnium could be used in the present
invention.
[0091] As with the basic aluminum compounds, it will be understood
that the above formula is greatly simplified and is intended to
represent and include compounds having coordinated and/or bound
water in various quantities as well as polymers, mixtures and
complexes of the above. As will be seen from the above formula the
zirconium hydroxy salts actually represent a range of compounds
having various amounts of the hydroxy group, varying from about 1.1
to only slightly greater than 0 groups per molecule.
[0092] Several types of antiperspirant complexes using the above
antiperspirant salts are known in the art. For example, U.S. Pat.
No. 3,792,068 Luedders et al., herein incorporated by reference,
discloses complexes of aluminum, zirconium and amino acids such as
glycines. Complexes such as those disclosed in Luedders and other
similar complexes are commonly known as ZAG(OR Zag). ZAG complexes
are chemically analyzable for the presence of aluminum, activated
ZAG compounds and chlorine. ZAG complexes useful herein are
identified by the specification of both the molar ratio of aluminum
to zirconium (the AI:Zr ratio) and the molar ratio of total metal
to chlorine (metal:Cl) ZAG complexes useful herein have an AI:Zr
ratio of from about 1.67 to about 12.5 and a metal:Cl ratio of
about 0.73 to about 1.93.
[0093] Another patent which discloses ZAG compounds is U.S. Pat.
No. 4,985,238 to Tanner et al. This just-mentioned patent is herein
incorporated by reference. Preferred ZAG complexes are described in
U.S. Pat. No. 4,985,238 to Tanner et al.
[0094] Another patent which discloses activated ZAG compounds (AZAG
or AZG compounds) is U.S. Pat. No. 5,486,347 to Callaghan et al.
This just-mentioned patent is herein incorporated by reference.
Activated ZAG compounds may be employed as the particulate
antiperspirant active in the compositions of the present
invention.
[0095] Activated ZAG compounds may be prepared by heating an
aqueous solution containing an aluminum chlorhydroxide component
and mixing it with a zirconium hydroxy chloride component.
[0096] Rheological Additives
[0097] Compositions of the invention may further comprise
rheological additives which add thixotropic body or control of
syneresis in the suspensoid stick compositions of the present
invention. Such materials may also assist in easy or controlled
processing of the composition whilst in molten form before it is
filled into molds. Non-limiting examples of such rheological
additives include trihydroxystearin; a modified glycerol
tris-12-hydroxystearate such as Thixatrol ST available from Rheox
Inc., aluminum stearate, stearamide MEA, sorbitol acetal, and fumed
or precipitated silica, talc, and mixtures thereof.
Trihydoxystearin and fumed silicas are preferred rheological
additives in compositions of the invention.
[0098] Trihydoxystearin can be obtained as THIXCIN R and THIXCIN GR
from Rheox Inc. It is also available as FLOWTONE from Southern Clay
Products. THIXCIN R comes as a finely divided white powder with a
melting point of about 86.degree. C.
[0099] THIXCIN R is an organic derivative of castor oil. THIXCIN GR
is an inorganically modified derivative of THIXCIN R.
[0100] Rheological additives are desirably included in compositions
of the invention at about 0.1% to about 2.0%, more preferably at
about 0.2% to about 1.5%.
[0101] Silicone Elastomers
[0102] Compositions of the invention may also comprise elastomers,
and especially silicone elastomers. Moreover, the degree of
crosslinking of silicone elastomers affects their performance in
the compositions of the invention. Preferred silicone elastomers
for use in the invention are polydiorganosiloxanes, preferably
derived from suitable combinations of R.sub.3SiO.sub.0.5 units and
R.sub.2SiO units where each R independently represents an alkyl,
alkenyl (e.g. vinyl), alkaryl, aralkyl, or aryl (e.g. phenyl)
group. R is most preferably methyl.
[0103] The preferred crosslinked silicone elastomers of the
invention are cross-linked polydimethyl siloxanes (which have the
CTFA designation dimethicone), optionally having end groups such as
hydroxyl or methyl.
[0104] One preferred elastomer of the invention is DC 9040, an
example of a non-emulsifying elastomer.
[0105] DC 9040 Cross-linking Chemistry is as follows:
[0106] The cross linker used in DC 9040 is an alpha, omega
aliphatic diene of the following structure:
CH.sub.2.dbd.CH(CH.sub.2).sub.xCH.dbd.CH.sub.2
[0107] where x ranges from 1-20. A gel is formed by crosslinking
and addition of Si--H across double bonds in the alpha, omega
-diene. The following Dow Corning patent describes the DC 9040:
U.S. Pat. No. 5,654,362.
[0108] Another preferred elastomer which can be used in
compositions of the invention is SF 839 from General Electric.
[0109] Another elastomer which can be used in compositions of the
invention is DC 3-2365.
[0110] The structure of the cross-linker used in DC 3-2365 is given
below: 1
[0111] Another preferred elastomer of the invention is
Silicone/Urethane Copolymer. The structure of the urethane
cross-linker is given below: 2
[0112] The tradename for the silicone-urethane copolymer is
Polyderm PP I-SI-100. The supplier is Alzo Incorporated, Matawan,
N.J.
[0113] Other preferred elastomers are the following: an elastomeric
resinous material which is a silicone polymer having a) a backbone
with the following structure:
R.sub.3SiO(R'.sub.2SiO).sub.m(R"R'"SiO).sub.nSiR- .sub.3, where m
is 1-250, n is 0-250, R, R', R" are alkyl groups containing 1-6
carbon atoms, and R'"=CH.sub.2CHCH.sub.2O(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2-
O).sub.x(CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2O).sub.yH and x+y is less than or
equal to thirty; and b) the polymer backbone is crosslinked with
one of the following compounds: an alpha-omega diene whose
structure is CH.sub.2.dbd.CH(CH.sub.2).sub.zCH.dbd.CH.sub.2; an
alpha-omega diyne whose structure is
CH.sup..dbd.C(CH.sub.2).sub.zC.sup..dbd.CH, and an alpha-omega
ene-yne whose structure is CH.sub.2.dbd.CH(CH.sub.2).sub.zC.s-
up..dbd.CH, where z ranges from one to twenty.
[0114] Other preferred elastomers are the following: a composition
as described just above wherein the elastomer is selected from the
group consisting of: a silicone gel having a crosslinked polymer
structure according to claim 1 with 20 mol % substitution of the
group defined by R'", wherein x=6 and y=0; and a silicone gel
having a crosslinked polymer structure according to claim 1 with 20
mol % substitution of the group defined by R'", wherein x=11 and
y=0.
[0115] Other preferred elastomers are the following: Dow Coming
crosslinked, ethoxylated silicone gels branded as DC 9010 or a
combination of such gels.
[0116] The degree of crosslinking of the silicone elastomers is
suitably from about 0.05% to about 35%, preferably being in the
range of about 0.15% to about 7%, more preferably from about 0.2 to
about 2%.
[0117] Suitable emulsion polymerized cross-linked silicone
elastomers are commercially available or can be readily made using
conventional techniques well known to those skilled in the art.
[0118] Other preferred elastomers are the following: an elastomeric
resinous material which is a silicone polymer having a) a backbone
with the following structure:
R.sub.3SiO(R'.sub.2SiO).sub.m(R"R'"SiO).sub.nSiR- .sub.3, where m
is 1-250, n is 0-250, R, R', R" are alkyl groups containing 1-6
carbon atoms, and R'"=CH.sub.2CHCH.sub.2O(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2-
O).sub.x(CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2O).sub.yH and x+y is less than or
equal to thirty; and b) the polymer backbone is crosslinked with
one of the following compounds: an alpha-omega diene whose
structure is CH.sub.2.dbd.CH(CH.sub.2).sub.zCH.dbd.CH.sub.2; an
alpha-omega diyne whose structure is
CH.sup..dbd.C(CH.sub.2).sub.zC.sup.=CH, and an alpha-omega ene-yne
whose structure is CH.sub.2.dbd.CH(CH.sub.2).sub.zC.s- up..dbd.CH,
where z ranges from one to twenty.
[0119] Other preferred elastomers are the following: a composition
as described just above wherein the elastomer is selected from the
group consisting of: a silicone gel having a crosslinked polymer
structure according to claim 1 with 20 mol % substitution of the
group defined by R'", wherein x=6 and y=0; and a silicone gel
having a crosslinked polymer structure according to claim 1 with 20
mol % substitution of the group defined by R'", wherein x=11 and
y=0.
[0120] The degree of crosslinking of silicone polymers affects
their performance in the compositions of the invention. Silicone
polymers of the invention include cross-linked polydimethyl
siloxanes and polymonomethyl siloxanes optionally having end groups
such as hydroxyl or methyl.
[0121] Suitable emulsion polymerized cross-linked silicone polymers
are commercially available or can be readily made using
conventional techniques well known to those skilled in the art.
[0122] The most preferred silicone elastomer is cyclomethicone
(and) dimethicone crosspolymer. It is described above and is sold
under the tradename Dow Coming 9040. It is a mixture of a high
molecular weight silicone elastomer (dimethicone crosspolymer) in
cyclomethicone. Its physical form is as a paste.
[0123] Elastomers can be included in compositions of the invention
at about 0.1 to about 30%.
[0124] Elastomers impart a silky feel to the compositions of the
invention and also reduce syneresis of the final product.
[0125] Moisturizing Agent
[0126] Compositions of the invention may also contain a skin
moisturizing agent such as a hydroxylated agent selected from the
group consisting of glycerin, sorbitol, and sodium hylauronate. It
is highly desirable in at least some embodiments to incorporate up
to 60%, alternatively 0.01 to 10%, or 0.1 to 5% moisturizing agent;
and especially from about 0.5 to 2.5% by weight, moisturizing
agent. The moisturizing agent may be glycerin at up to about 60%;
or at about 0.1 to about 10%; or at about 1.0 to about 4.0%.
[0127] Optional Ingredients
[0128] Other ingredients, conventional in the art of
antiperspirant/deodorant sticks may be included in the soft solid
compositions of the present invention. For example, fragrances can
be incorporated into the anhydrous, topically-effective composition
in an amount of from 0% to about 5% based on the total weight of
the composition. The composition of the present invention, when
applied to skin, therefore fixes a substantive fragrance film on
the skin that resists moisture, but that can be removed by washing.
Other optional ingredients that can be included in the anhydrous
compositions of the present invention include, but are not limited
to, drying agents, like talc or DRY FLO (aluminum starch
octenylsuccinate); preservatives; and dyes. Generally, such
optional ingredients are present in a composition of the present
invention in an amount of about 10% or less by weight. In addition,
an organoclay can be included in a composition of the present
invention as an additional suspending agent in an amount of up to
20% by weight of the composition. An organoclay is especially
helpful as an anticaking agent to maintain a particulate
topically-effective compound homogeneously dispersed throughout the
composition. An exemplary organoclay is a quaternized three-layer
clay.
[0129] Compositions of the invention may be prepared as described
herein, and may be prepared by methods which are known in the art
or which are analogous to methods which are known in the art A
specific composition of the invention which has been made has the
following formulation:
EXAMPLE 1
[0130]
1 Ingredient Wt. % Description of Ingredient Cyclopenta-siloxane
54.65 Volatile carrier fluid Dimethicone 8.0 Dimethicone (350 mPa.s
[cts]) Microcrystalline Wax 3.25 Multiwax 180 from Witco
Triglyceride Wax 3.25 Syncrowax HGL-C from Croda Silicone Elastomer
4.0 DC 9040 from Dow Corning Silica 0.75 Rheological modifier AZG
25.5 Aluminum zirconium trichlorohydrex- GLY Fragrance 0.5 Tenox 25
0.1 Stabiliser
[0131] As noted above, the compositions of the invention provide
increased thermal stability without giving up the aesthetics
including "glide", fragrance, payoff, color and good odor
control.
[0132] Compositions of the invention provide effective
antiperspirant activity and odor control. Compositions of the
invention have less grittiness, are easier to wash off, require
less time for dry-down, feel drier upon application, are easier to
spread, and have less stickiness. In addition, compositions of the
invention have excellent thermal stability at temperatures as high
as about 115 to about 122.degree. F. (about 86 to 90.degree. C.)
The compositions of the invention which comprise an elastomer have
a "silky" feel upon application. The compositions of the invention
which comprise triglycerides have a lotion-like feel upon
application, while the compositions of the invention which lack
triglycerides also have a very good powdery or talc-like feel upon
application.
[0133] Trained sensory panel assessments of the compositions of the
invention could be carried out to demonstrate their advantageous
properties. The trained panel assessments could include human
sensory testing. The advantageous properties of the compositions of
the invention have been described above.
[0134] Further Examples of compositions according to the invention
are described in Examples 2 to 5 hereinbelow.
EXAMPLES 2 TO 5
[0135]
2 Example No 2 3 4 5 Ingredient Wt. % Cyclopentasiloxane Balance
Dimethicone 8.0 9.0 10.0 11.0 Microcrystalline Wax 3.25 3.0 2.0 1.5
Triglyceride Wax 3.25 5.0 6.0 6.5 Silicone Elastomer DC 9040 4.0
4.0 4.0 4.0 Silica 0.75 1.0 1.5 1.25 AZG 23.5 24.5 25.5 22.5
Glycerin 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 Fragrance 0.5 0.7 0.85 1.0
* * * * *