U.S. patent application number 09/747868 was filed with the patent office on 2001-12-06 for methods and apparatus for selecting an electronically commutated motor speed.
Invention is credited to Beifus, Brian L., Sulfstede, Louis, Wright, Kamron M., Young, Glen C..
Application Number | 20010048279 09/747868 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 26868833 |
Filed Date | 2001-12-06 |
United States Patent
Application |
20010048279 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Beifus, Brian L. ; et
al. |
December 6, 2001 |
Methods and apparatus for selecting an electronically commutated
motor speed
Abstract
An electronically commutated motor assembly permits a user to
select discrete operating speed options to operate an
electronically commutated motor. The assembly includes a motor, an
input/output unit electrically connected to the motor, a connector
and board and a microprocessor. The connector and board includes an
electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a
plurality of low voltage signal connections for programming the
EEPROM, and a plurality of speed signal connections for selecting
an operating speed for the electronically commutated motor. The low
voltage signal connections permit the EEPROM to be programmed with
speed tables containing schedules of operating speeds.
Inventors: |
Beifus, Brian L.; (Fort
Wayne, IN) ; Sulfstede, Louis; (Irving, TX) ;
Wright, Kamron M.; (Fort Wayne, IN) ; Young, Glen
C.; (Fort Wayne, IN) |
Correspondence
Address: |
John S. Beulick
Armstrong Teasdale LLP
Suite 2600
One Metropolitan Sq.
St. Louis
MO
63102
US
|
Family ID: |
26868833 |
Appl. No.: |
09/747868 |
Filed: |
December 22, 2000 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
60173153 |
Dec 27, 1999 |
|
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Current U.S.
Class: |
318/400.12 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H02P 6/08 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
318/254 |
International
Class: |
H02P 001/18; H02P
003/08; H02P 005/06; H02P 007/06; H02K 023/00 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A method for programming an operating speed for an
electronically commutated motor using an input/output unit
electrically connected to a microprocessor, the input/output unit
including a connector and a board including an EEPROM, and a
plurality of low voltage signal connections, the plurality of low
voltage signal connections for programming the microprocessor, the
electrically erasable programmable read-only memory connected to
the microprocessor and including a speed table configured to
control an operating speed of the electronically commutated motor,
said method comprising the steps of: selecting an operating speed
for the electronically commutated motor; and supplying a power
supply to the board including the EEPROM to select one of the speed
table entries corresponding to the desired operating speed for the
electronically commutated motor.
2. A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein the connector and
the board includes at least three speed signal connections to
control the speed of the electronically commutated motor, said step
of supplying a power supply further comprising the step of applying
supply power to at least one of the at least three speed signal
connections.
3. A method in accordance with claim 2 wherein one of the plurality
of low voltage connections enables a program/pulse width
modulation, said step of supplying a power supply further
comprising the step of enabling the program/pulse width modulation
connection.
4. A method in accordance with claim 3 wherein the connector
terminal board accepts at least one of a low voltage power supply
and a high voltage power supply, said step of supplying a power
supply further comprising the step of supplying a low voltage to
the connector and the board.
5. A method in accordance with claim 2 wherein the connector and
the board accepts at least one of a low voltage power supply and a
high voltage power supply, said step of supplying a power supply
further comprising the step of supplying a high voltage to the
connector and the board.
6. An input/output unit electrically connected to a microprocessor
controlling an electronically commutated motor, said input/output
unit comprising a connector and a board comprising an EEPROM, at
least three power connections, and a plurality of low voltage
signal connections, said at least three power connections control
supply power to said connector and said board, said microprocessor,
and the motor, said plurality of low voltage signal connections
receive input for programming said microprocessor, said EEPROM
connected to said microprocessor.
7. An input/output unit in accordance with claim 6 wherein one of
said plurality of low voltage connections comprises a program/pulse
width modulation connection, said EEPROM comprises a speed table
configured to control an operating speed of the electronically
commutated motor.
8. An input/output unit in accordance with claim 7 wherein said
speed table comprises a schedule of speeds selectively imputable to
said microprocessor.
9. An input/output unit in accordance with claim 8 wherein one of
said plurality of low voltage connections comprises a data out
line.
10. An input/output in accordance with claim 9 further comprising a
plurality of speed signal connections configured to control the
speed of the electronically commutated motor.
11. An input/output in accordance with claim 10 wherein said
plurality of speed signal connections accept at least one of a low
voltage power supply and a high voltage power supply.
12. An input/output in accordance with claim 11 further comprising
at least two optically coupled isolators, one of said optically
coupled isolators connected to at least one of said low voltage
signal connections,
13. An input/output in accordance with claim 12 wherein one of said
at least two optically coupled isolators connects to said
program/pulse width modulation connection.
14. An electronically commutated motor assembly comprising: an
electronically commutated motor; an input/output unit electrically
connected to said electronically commutated motor for controlling
an operating speed of said electronically commutated motor, said
input/output unit electrically connected to a microprocessor; and a
connector and board comprising an EEPROM, at least three power
connections, and a plurality of low voltage signal connections,
said power connections control supply power to said connector and
board, said input/output unit, and said electronically commutated
motor, said low voltage signal connections receive input for
programming said microprocessor, said EEPROM comprises a speed
table comprising a schedule of speeds which can be selectively
input to control an operating speed of said electronically
commutated motor.
15. An electronically commutated motor assembly in accordance with
claim 14 wherein said connector and board further comprises a
plurality of speed connections electrically connected to said
input/output unit and configured to selectively control the
operational speed of the electronically commutated motor.
16. An electronically commutated motor assembly in accordance with
claim 15 wherein one of said plurality of low voltage connections
comprises a program/pulse width modulation connection.
17. An electronically commutated motor assembly in accordance with
claim 16 wherein said connector terminal board accepts at least one
of a low voltage supply power and a high voltage supply power.
18. An electronically commutated motor assembly in accordance with
claim 17 wherein one of said plurality of low voltage connections
comprises a data out line.
19. An electronically commutated motor assembly in accordance with
claim 18 wherein said input/output unit further comprises at least
two optically coupled isolators, one of said optically coupled
isolators connected to at least one of said low voltage signal
connections.
20. A method for selecting an operating speed for an electronically
commutated motor assembly using an EEPROM connected to a
microprocessor, the motor assembly including an electronically
commutated motor, an input/output unit electrically connected to
the electronically commutated motor for selecting an operating
speed of the electronically commutated motor, a connector and a
board electrically connected to the input/output unit and including
a plurality of low voltage signal connections and a plurality of
speed signal input connections, the plurality of low voltage signal
connections for programming the EEPROM, the plurality of speed
signal input connections to control the speed of the electronically
commutated motor, said method comprising the steps of: programming
the EEPROM; supplying a power supply to the connector and the board
to access the EEPROM; and selecting an operating speed for the
electronically commutated motor from the EEPROM.
21. A method in accordance with claim 20 wherein one of the
plurality of low voltage connections enables a program/pulse width
modulation, said step of supplying a power supply further
comprising the step of enabling the program/pulse width modulation
connection.
22. A method in accordance with claim 21 wherein the EEPROM is
configured to be programmed by an original equipment manufacturer
and includes a speed table, said step of programming the EEPROM
further comprising the step of programming the EEPROM to include a
speed table.
23. A method in accordance with claim 22 wherein the plurality of
speed signal input connections are configured to be selected by a
user, the speed table including a schedule of speeds selectively
imputable to the microprocessor, said step of selecting an
operating speed further comprising the step of selecting an
operating speed for the electronically commutated motor from the
schedule of speeds.
24. A method in accordance with claim 23 wherein the connector and
board accepts at least one of a low voltage power supply and a high
voltage power supply, said step of supplying a power supply further
comprising the step of supplying a low voltage power supply to the
connector terminal board.
25. A method in accordance with claim 24 wherein the connector and
board accepts at least one of a low voltage power supply and a high
voltage power supply, said step of supplying a power supply further
comprising the step of supplying a high voltage power supply to the
connector and board.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional
Application No. 60/173,153 filed Dec. 27, 1999.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] This invention relates generally to electronically
commutated motors, and more particularly, to an input/output
circuit for an electronically commutated motor which facilitates
speed selection.
[0003] Electronically commutated motors (ECMs) are used in a wide
variety of applications. In many applications, either discrete
speed options or infinitely variable speed operation is desired.
Known ECMs which permit the operating speed to be varied include
resistor divided networks and a plurality of taps. The resistor
divided networks operate in conjunction with the plurality of taps
to enable a different operating speed to be selected for the ECM.
Different hardware models, or different software limits, are
required for each application. As a result, many different motor
models typically must be maintained in inventory for multiple
applications.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0004] In an exemplary embodiment, an electronically commutated
motor includes an input/output (I/O) unit which permits a user to
select discrete operating speed options. The I/O unit is
electrically connected to a connector terminal board and a
microprocessor. The connector terminal board includes an
electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM),
non-isolated low voltage signal connections for programming the
EEPROM and speed signal connections for enabling selection of an
operating speed for an electronically commutated motor.
[0005] In one specific embodiment, preprogrammed speed tables
stored within the EEPROM include five different operating speeds
and a low voltage variable speed. To select a speed, a voltage is
applied to a combination of the speed signal connections. As a
result, a cost-effective and reliable electronically commutated
motor assembly is provided which increases the flexibility to the
user.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0006] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronically
commutated motor assembly including a power circuit and an
input/output unit;
[0007] FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a portion of the
power circuit shown in FIG. 1;
[0008] FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a portion of the
isolated input/output unit shown in FIG. 1 including a non-isolated
programming circuit;
[0009] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an alternative embodiment
of an electronically commutated motor assembly including an
input/output unit;
[0010] FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a portion of the
high voltage input/output unit shown in FIG. 4;
[0011] FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of an alternative
embodiment of an isolated input/out put unit used for low voltage
interface; and
[0012] FIG. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of an alternative
embodiment of an isolated programming circuit and a low and high
voltage interface.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0013] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronically
commutated motor assembly 10 including a power circuit 12, an
input/output unit 14, an input/output unit 15 and connectors 16a,
16b, and 16c. In one embodiment, input/output unit 15 accepts low
voltage power in a range of 15 to 33 VRMS, preferably at 24 VAC.
Electronically commutated motor assembly 10 permits a user to
select discrete operating speed options for a motor 18 to drive a
plurality of components (not shown). In one embodiment,
electronically commutated motor assembly 10 controls an operating
speed of a fan (not shown) and motor 18 is a GE 39 Frame, 0.5 inch
shaft diameter motor commercially available from General Electric
Company, Plainville, Conn., and manufactured in Springfield,
Miss.
[0014] Connectors 16a, 16b, and 16c include a plurality of input
terminals 22 electrically connected to a plurality of corresponding
electrical lines 24. Specifically, connectors 16a, 16b, and 16c
include power supply circuit input terminals 26 and speed signal
input terminals 28. Power supply circuit input terminals 26 permit
power to be supplied to power circuit 12 and electronically
commutated motor assembly 10. Speed signal input terminals 28
permit a user to select discrete operating speed options (described
in more detail below) for electronically commutated motor assembly
10. As power is applied to different combinations of speed signal
input terminals 28, different discrete operating speeds are
selected. Connector terminals 16 also include a plurality of low
voltage signal input terminals 30. In one embodiment, input
terminals 26 are known as a power connector interface, input
terminals 28 are known as a customer connector interface, and input
terminals 30 are known as the programming interface.
[0015] Connectors 16a, 16b, and 16c are electrically connected to
power circuit 12, input/output unit 14, and input/output unit 15.
Specifically, connectors 16a, 16b, and 16c are electrically
connected to power circuit 12 with lines 34, 36, and 38. Lines 34
and 36 are power supply lines extending from a power supply source
(not shown) to supply power to power circuit 12. In one embodiment,
lines 34 and 36 are electrically connected to a power supply source
capable of supplying between 180 VAC to 264 VAC and 50/60 Hertz.
Line 38 electrically connects electronically commutated motor
assembly 10 to a ground 40.
[0016] Input/output unit 15 is optically isolated and is
electrically connected to a microprocessor 42 and to connectors
16a, 16b, and 16c. Input/output unit 14 inputs data to
microprocessor 42 which is programmable from an electrically
erasable programmable read-only memory, EEPROM, (not shown in FIG.
1) to control the operating speed of electronically commutated
motor 18. In one embodiment, microprocessor 42 is a COP884CG
available from National Semiconductor, Santa Clara, Calif. Lines
44, 46, 48 and 50 are electrically connected between speed signal
input terminals 28 and input/output unit 15. Line 48 supplies data
to input/output unit 15 and microprocessor 42 to control
electronically commutated motor assembly 10 during high speed
operations. Similarly, lines 50 and 46 control electronically
commutated motor assembly 10 during medium speed and low speed
operations respectively. Line 44 is a return line.
[0017] Connectors 16a, 16b, and 16c are also electrically connected
to microprocessor 42 with low voltage signal input terminals 30.
Specifically, lines 52, 53, and 54 extend between microprocessor 42
and connector 16c. Lines 52, 53, and 54 permit General Electric
Company or an original equipment manufacturer, OEM, to input data
to program the EEPROM.
[0018] FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a portion of power
circuit 12. In one embodiment, power circuit 12 is electrically
connected to a power supply source (not shown) capable of supplying
between 180 VAC to 264 VAC and 50/60 Hertz. Low voltage
electronically commutated motor assembly 10 (shown in FIG. 1) has a
preferred operating range between 200 VAC to 240 VAC.
[0019] Power circuit 12 is electrically connected to connector 16a
(shown in FIG. 1) with lines 34, 36, and 38. A capacitor 80 and a
resistor 82 are electrically connected in parallel between lines 34
and 36 and a jumper 84 is electrically connected in series to line
36 between connector terminals 16 and a connection node 88.
Capacitor 80 and resistor 82 are electrically connected to line 36
at connection node 88. Lines 34 and 36 are each electrically
connected to a common mode inductor 90.
[0020] Common mode inductor 90 is electrically connected between
connection nodes 92 and 94 to line 34 and between connection nodes
96 and 98 to line 36. Lines 34 and 36 extend from connection nodes
94 and 98 respectively to connection nodes 100 and 102. A pair of
capacitors 110 and 112 are electrically connected to a line 114.
Line 114 is electrically connected to lines 34 and 36 at connection
nodes 100 and 102 respectively. In one embodiment, capacitors 110
and 112 are 0.010 .mu.F capacitors.
[0021] Lines 34 and 36 extend electrically from connection nodes
100 and 102 to connection nodes 118 and 120. A line 122 is
electrically connected between connection nodes 118 and 120 to
lines 34 and 36 respectively. Line 122 includes a capacitor 124
electrically connected in series with line 122 and in parallel to
capacitors 110 and 112. In one embodiment, capacitor 124 is 0.22
.mu.F capacitor.
[0022] A full wave bridge 130 is electrically connected between
lines 34 and 36 and includes diodes 132, 134, 136, and 138. Full
wave bridge 130 converts AC power from transformer 90 to a DC
signal. In one embodiment, diodes 132, 134, 136, and 138 are each
6A/600V diodes.
[0023] A pair of capacitors 140 and 142 are electrically connected
between lines 34 and 36 and receive the DC signal from full wave
bridge 130. In one embodiment, capacitors 140 and 142 are 680 .mu.F
capacitors. Capacitors 140 and 142 are electrically connected to a
line 144 electrically connected to lines 34 and 36 at connection
nodes 146 and 148 respectively. Connection node 146 is located
between full wave bridge 130 and a connection node 150, and
connection node 148 is located between full wave bridge 130 and a
connection node 152. A line 154 is electrically connected at
connection nodes 150 and 152 to lines 34 and 36 respectively. A
pair of resistors 156 and 158 are electrically connected in series
to line 154 between lines 34 and 36. In one embodiment, resistors
156 and 158 are each 220K ohm resistors. A line 160 is electrically
connected to line 144 between capacitors 140 and 142 and extends to
electrically connect to line 154 between resistors 156 and 158.
[0024] Lines 34 and 36 are further electrically connected between
connection nodes 150 and 152 to a pair of connection nodes 164 and
166. Connection nodes 164 and 166 provide attachment terminals to
supply power to electronically commutated motor assembly 10. Line
38 is electrically connected to line 36 at a connection node 168
which is located between connection nodes 148 and 152. A capacitor
170 is electrically connected in series to line 38 between ground
40 and connection node 168. In one embodiment, capacitor 170 is a
0.0047 .mu.F capacitor.
[0025] It should be noted that several nodes, e.g., 100, 102, could
be viewed as a common node with other nodes identified, e.g., 118,
120, and that FIG. 2 describes elements separately merely to
exemplify connections between elements.
[0026] FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a portion of
input/output unit 14 (shown in FIG. 1) and input/output unit 15
(shown in FIG. 1). Input/output 15 is for use with electronically
commutated motor assembly 10 and is electrically connected to
connector terminal 16b with lines 44, 46, 48, and 50. Lines 44 and
46 are electrically connected to an optically isolated circuit 180.
Optically isolated circuit 180 includes a first diode assembly 182
and a second diode assembly 184. Diode assemblies 182 and 184
rectify AC voltages transmitted through connector 16b and are
electrically connected in parallel between lines 44 and 50. Line 46
is also connected to diode assemblies 182 and 184 by means of a
diode 220.
[0027] Line 44 extends from second diode assembly 184 to a
connection node 188. A resistor 190 is electrically connected
between line 44 at connection node 188 and a connection node 192
located on a line 194. Line 194 is electrically connected between
lines 44 and 46 and includes a zener diode 196 electrically
connected between connection node 192 and node 210. An additional
resistor 198 is electrically connected in series to line 194
between connection node 192 and an NPN transistor 200. In one
embodiment, resistors 190 and 198 are 10K ohm resistors.
[0028] NPN transistor 200 is electrically connected to lines 44 and
194. Line 44 extends from NPN transistor 200 to electrically
connect to an optically coupled isolator 260. Optically coupled
isolator 260 is electrically connected to lines 44 and 46. In one
embodiment, optically coupled isolator 260 is a PC367 commercially
available from NEC, Camas, Washington. Optically coupled isolator
260 receives AC power from connector terminals 16 and produces a
pulse wave modulation signal.
[0029] Line 46 includes a zener diode 220 electrically connected in
series between connector 16b and lines 46 and 50. Four resistors
224, 226, 228, and 230 are each electrically connected in series on
line 46 between a connection node 222 and optically coupled
isolator 260. Connection node 210 electrically connects line 194 to
line 46 through diode 196. In one embodiment, resistors 224, 226,
228, and 230 are each 5.1 OK ohm resistors.
[0030] A line 240 is electrically connected to optically coupled
isolator 260 and extends from a power supply (not shown). In one
embodiment, line 240 supplies a 5V DC power supply for optical
isolation. A line 242 extends from optically coupled isolator 260
to a PNP transistor 246. PNP transistor 246 is electrically
connected in series between microprocessor 42 and optically coupled
isolator 260. A resistor 248 is electrically connected to line 242
between optically coupled isolator 260 and PNP transistor 246 and
extends to microprocessor ground.
[0031] Lines 44 and 48 are electrically connected to a second
optically isolated circuit 270 which is constructed substantially
similar to optically isolated circuit 180. Optically isolated
circuit 270 includes a first diode assembly 272 and a second diode
assembly 274 to rectify AC voltages transmitted through connector
16b. Diode assemblies 272 and 274 are electrically connected in
parallel between lines 48 and a line 280 electrically connected to
line 44 at connection node 282. Connection node 282 is located
between connector terminals 16 and first diode assembly 182 of
optically isolated circuit 180.
[0032] Line 280 extends from second diode assembly 274 to a
connection node 284. A resistor 286 is electrically connected
between line 280 at connection node 284 and a line 290 at
connection node 292. Line 290 is electrically connected between
line 280 and a line 300 and includes a zener diode 302 electrically
connected between resistor 286 and line 300. An additional resistor
306 is electrically connected in series to line 300 between
connection node 292 and a NPN transistor 310. In one embodiment,
resistors 286 and resistors 306 are 10K ohm resistors.
[0033] NPN transistor 310 is electrically connected in series to
lines 280 and 290. Line 280 extends from NPN transistor 310 to
electrically connect to an optically coupled isolator 320.
Optically coupled isolator 320 is electrically connected to lines
280 and 300. Line 300 is electrically connected to first diode
assembly 272 and includes four resistors 330, 332, 334, and 336.
Each resistor 330, 332, 334, and 336 is connected in series on line
300 between a connection node 340 and optically coupled isolator
320. Connection node 340 electrically connects line 290 and line
300. In one embodiment, resistors 330, 332, 334, and 336 are each
510K ohm resistors.
[0034] A programming circuit 350 is electrically connected to
microprocessor 42 and to optically coupled isolator circuit 180.
Programming circuit 350 includes data input line 52 and data return
line 54. A pair of diode assemblies 352 and 354 are electrically
connected in parallel between lines 52 and 54. Each line 52 and 54
includes a resistor 356 and 358 respectively, electrically
connected in series. Lines 52 and 54 are also electrically
connected to an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
(EEPROM) 360. A capacitor 362 and a resistor 364 are each
electrically connected to line 54 between second diode assembly 354
and EEPROM 360. In one embodiment, EEPROM 360 is a NM93C46EMB
available from Samsung, South Korea. Three lines 370, 372, and 374
are electrically connected between EEPROM 360 and microprocessor
42. Line 370 is electrically connected to a resistor 376 which goes
to ground. An additional line 378 is electrically connected to a
pair of resistors 380 and 382 electrically connected in series to a
line 384 electrically connected between microprocessor 42 and PNP
transistor 246. Programming circuit 350 permits EEPROM 360 to be
programmed with the user's requirements including speed table
schedules which permit the user to select discrete speeds. In one
embodiment, resistors 376 and 380 are 27K ohm resistors and
resistor 382 is a 10K ohm resistor.
[0035] In operation, external speed control is provided for the
user for low voltage electronically commutated motor assembly 10
with input/output unit 15 or a high voltage input/output unit (not
shown in FIG. 2). When using low voltage input/output unit 15, five
different speeds are available for discrete selection from
preprogrammed speed tables stored within EEPROM 360. Additionally
input/output unit 14 permits the user to operate electronically
commutated motor 18 with variable speeds. In alternative
embodiments, instead of speed, the tables could contain torque
values or constant airflow number values.
[0036] Initially the user must select either low voltage
electronically commutated motor assembly 10 or a high voltage
electronically commutated motor assembly (not shown in FIG. 3).
After selecting low voltage electronically commutated motor
assembly 10, EEPROM 360 is programmed to include speed table
schedules. To select an operating speed, the user applies low
voltage to a combination of lines 46, 48, and 50 while voltage is
simultaneously applied to power supply circuit 12. A desired speed
table is selected by applying voltage to the appropriate lines 46,
48, and 50 in combination with a connection to line 44. After
voltage is applied to the appropriate lines 46, 48, and 50,
microprocessor 42 determines which speed table schedule is being
utilized and which discrete operating speed is selected. For
example, electronically commutated motor assembly 10 remains off if
all lines 46, 48, and 50 are open, but operates at a first speed if
voltage is applied across lines 46 and 44.
[0037] Lines 46, 48, and 50 are opto-isolated to allow the 24 VAC
signal to be safety ground referenced. Three speed tables are
available for operating electronically commutated motor 18 with low
voltage electronically commutated motor assembly 10. Each speed
table to be selected is dependent upon the number of inputs 22 and
electrical lines 24 available to the user. The three speed tables
listed below indicate the appropriate input connections to obtain
each desired speed or desired pre- programmed speed schedule.
[0038] Additionally, variable speed operation is available when
using low voltage electronically commutated motor assembly 10.
Variable speed operation is regulated with pulse width modulation
input. For example, operating with a duty cycle of less than 15%,
turns the control off, while operating with a duty cycle that is
greater than or equal to 20%, turns the control on. A motor speed
varies proportionally to the percent of duty cycle (%dc) input as
follows:
RPM=MIN RPM+%dc(MAX RPM-MIN RPM)
[0039] wherein the minimum and maximum speeds are scaled
requirements. The lowest speed is 300 rpm and the maximum speed is
1200 rpm.
[0040] Five Line Option: Low Voltage ECM; this option uses lines 50
and 44 for selecting an operating speed, and lines 34, 36, and 38
for power supply circuit 12.
1 MOTOR ACTION Line 44 Line 50 OFF Return Line No Connection SPEED
1 Return Line 1/2 Wave Voltage Applied (line frequency signal)
SPEED 2 Return Line Full Wave Voltage Applied (2x line frequency
signal) VARIABLE SPEED Return Line 10 to 30 Vpk PWM (Duty Cycle)
Applied
[0041] As can be seen from the Five Line Low Voltage Option Speed
Table shown above, low voltage electronically commutated motor
assembly 10 permits electronically commutated motor 18 to operate
with only two inputs 22 in addition to power circuit 12. The Five
Line Option Speed Table provides two speeds options, in addition to
the variable speed option. Other speed tables provide additional
speed options to the user and additional flexibility while using
low voltage electronically commutated motor assembly 10. One such
speed table is the Six Line Option Speed Table shown below.
[0042] Six Line Option: Low Voltage ECM; this option uses lines 50,
48, and 44 for selecting, and lines 34, 36, and 38 for power supply
circuit 12.
2 MOTOR ACTION Line 50 Line 48 Line 44 OFF No Connection No
Connection Return Line SPEED 2 Voltage Applied No Connection Return
Line SPEED 3 No Connection Voltage Applied Return Line SPEED 5
Voltage Applied Voltage Applied Return Line PROGRAM No Connection
Half wave Return Line SCHEDULE 1 Voltage Applied PROGRAM Voltage
Applied Half wave Return Line SCHEDULE 3 Voltage Applied VARIABLE
10 to 30 Vpk No Connection Return Line SPEED PWM (duty cycle)
Applied
[0043] As can be seen from the Six Line Option Speed Table shown
above, low voltage electronically commutated motor assembly 10
permits electronically commutated motor 18 to operate using only
three inputs 22 in addition to power circuit 12. The Six Line
Option Speed Table provides three speed options in addition to the
variable speed option, and two program schedules. Other speed
tables provide additional speed options to the user and additional
flexibility while using low voltage electronically commutated motor
assembly 10. One such speed table is the Seven Line Option Speed
Table shown below.
[0044] Seven Line Option: Low Voltage Input Model; this option uses
lines 10 48, 50, 46, and 44 for selecting, and lines 34, 36, and 38
for power circuit 12.
3 MOTOR ACTION Line 46 Line 50 Line 48 Line 44 OFF No Connection No
Connection No Connection Return Line SPEED 1 Voltage No Connection
No Connection Return Applied Line SPEED 2 Connected or Voltage No
Connection Return unconnected Applied Line SPEED 3 No Connection No
Connection Voltage Return Applied Line SPEED 4 Voltage No
Connection Voltage Return Applied Applied Line SPEED 5 Connected or
Voltage Voltage Return unconnected Applied Applied Line PROGRAM No
Connection No Connection Half wave Return SCHEDULE Voltage Line 1
Applied PROGRAM Voltage No Connection Half wave Return SCHEDULE
Applied Voltage Line 2 Applied PROGRAM No Connection Voltage Half
wave Return SCHEDULE Applied Voltage Line 3 Applied VARIABLE No
Connection 10 to 30 Vpk No Connection Return SPEED PWM (Duty Line
Cycle)Applied
[0045] As can be seen from the Seven Line Option Speed Table shown
above, low voltage electronically commutated motor assembly 10
permits electronically commutated motor 18 to operate using with
four inputs 22 in addition to power circuit 12. The Seven Line
Option Speed Table increases the flexibility to the user and
provides five speed options in addition to the variable speed
option, and three program schedules.
[0046] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a high voltage
electronically commutated motor assembly 400 including power
circuit 12, an input/output unit 402, connectors 16a, 16b, and 16c,
and a high voltage input/output unit 404. Electronically commutated
motor assembly 400 permits a user to select discrete operating
speed options for motor 18 to drive a plurality of components (not
shown). In one embodiment, high voltage electronically commutated
motor assembly 400 accepts high voltage power in a range of 180 VAC
to 264 VAC and 50/60 Hertz with a preferred operating range between
200 VAC to 240 VAC.
[0047] Connectors 16a, 16b, and 16c are electrically connected to
input/output unit 402, power circuit 12, and high voltage
input/output unit 404. Input/output unit 402 inputs data to
microprocessor 42 which is programmable from EEPROM 360 (shown in
FIG. 3) to control the operating speed of electronically commutated
motor 18. Lines 44, 46, 48 and 50 are electrically connected
between speed signal input terminals 28 and input/output unit 404.
Line 48 supplies data to input/output unit 404 and microprocessor
42 to control electronically commutated motor assembly 10 during
high speed operations. Similarly, lines 50 and 46 control
electronically commutated motor assembly 10 during medium speed and
low speed operations respectively.
[0048] Connector terminals 16 are also electrically connected to
microprocessor 42 with low voltage signal input connections 30
(shown in FIG. 1). Specifically, lines 52 and 54 extend between
microprocessor 42 and connector 16c. Lines 52 and 54 permit General
Electric or an original equipment manufacturer, OEM, to input data
to program electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
360.
[0049] FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a portion of
input/output unit 404 (shown in FIG. 4). Input/output 404 is a high
voltage interface is for use with high voltage electronically
commutated motor assembly 400 and is electrically connected to
connector 16b with lines 44, 46, 48, and 50.
[0050] Line 44 is electrically connected to connector terminals 16
and extending to microprocessor 42. Line 44 includes four resistors
410, 412, 414, and 416 electrically connected in series between a
connection node 420 and a connection node 422. In one embodiment,
resistors 410, 412, 414, and 416 are each 110K ohm resistors. Line
44 is electrically connected to a line 424 at connector node 420
and a resistor 426 at connection node 422. Line 424 insures that
line 44 will not be a "dry" circuit. A "dry" circuit has low
current and oxide can form on relay contacts causing high
resistance. Line 424 includes a pair of resistors 428 and 430
electrically connected in series between connection node 420 and a
capacitor 432. Capacitor 432 is electrically connected between
resistor 430 and circuit ground. In one embodiment, resistors 428
and 430 are each 13K ohm resistors and resistor 426 is a 10K ohm
resistor.
[0051] Line 46 is electrically connected between connector 16b and
microprocessor 42. Line 46 includes four resistors 436, 438, 440,
and 442 electrically connected in series between a connection node
444 and a connection node 446. In one embodiment, resistors 436,
438, 440, and 442 are each 110K ohm resistors. Line 46 is connected
to a line 448 at connection node 444 and a resistor 445 at
connection node 446. Line 448 is constructed identically to line
424 and includes a pair of resistors 450 and 452 and a capacitor
454. In one embodiment, resistors 450 and 452 are each 13K ohm
resistors and resistor 445 is a 10K ohm resistor. A pair of diode
assemblies 460 and 462 are connected in parallel between lines 44
and 46.
[0052] Line 48 is electrically connected between connector 16b and
microprocessor 42. Line 48 includes four resistors 466, 468, 470,
and 472 electrically connected in series between a connection node
474 and a connection node 476. In one embodiment, resistors 466,
468, 470, and 472 are each 110K ohm resistors. Line 48 is connected
to a line 478 at connection node 474 and a resistor 475 at
connection node 476. Line 478 is constructed identically to line
424 and includes a pair of resistors 480 and 482 and a capacitor
484. In one embodiment, resistors 480 and 482 are each 13K ohm
resistors and resistor 475 is a 10K ohm resistor. A pair of diode
assemblies 488 and 489 are connected in parallel between lines 48
and 50.
[0053] Line 50 is electrically connected to connector terminals 16
and includes four resistors 490, 492, 494, and 496 electrically
connected between a connection node 498 and a connection node 500.
In one embodiment, resistors 490, 492, 494, and 496 are each 110K
ohm resistors. Line 50 is connected to a line 502 at connection
node 500 and a resistor 504 at connection node 498. Line 502 is
constructed identically to line 424 and includes a pair of
resistors 510 and 512 and a capacitor 514. In one embodiment,
resistors 510 and 512 are each 13K ohm resistors and resistor 504
is a 10K ohm resistor. Line 50 is electrically connected between
connection node 500 and PNP transistor 246. PNP transistor 246 is
electrically connected in series between line 50 and programming
circuit 350.
[0054] In operation, external speed control is provided for the
user with high voltage electronically commutated motor assembly 400
and five different speeds are available for discrete selection from
preprogrammed speed tables stored within EEPROM 360. Additionally
high voltage electronically commutated motor assembly 400 permits
the user to select three different program speed schedules shown
below.
[0055] Initially the user must select high voltage electronically
commutated motor assembly 400 for use with electronically
commutated motor 16 and EEPROM 360 is pre-programmed by the OEM to
include speed table schedules. Alternatively, the tables may be
pre-programmed to include torque values or constant airflow
numbers. To select a speed, the user applies voltage to a
combination of lines 50, 48, and 46 while voltage is simultaneously
applied to power circuit 12. A desired speed table is selected by
applying voltage to the appropriate lines 50, 48, and 46 in
combination with a connection to line 44. After voltage is applied
to the appropriate lines 50, 48, and 46, EEPROM 360 signals
microprocessor 42 regarding which discrete operating speed is
selected. For example, electronically commutated motor assembly 400
remains off if all lines 50, 48, 44, and 46 are open, but operates
at a first speed if voltage is applied to line 46. Other operating
speeds are shown below.
[0056] Seven Line Option: High Voltage ECM; this option uses lines
48, 50, 46, and 44 for selecting an operating speed, and lines 34,
36, and 38 for power circuit 12.
4 Line 44 (program pin if 1/2 wave voltage ACTION Line 46 Line 50
Line 48 applied) OFF No No No No Connection Connection Connection
Connection SPEED 1 Voltage No No No Connection Applied Connection
Connection SPEED 2 Connected or Voltage No No Connection
unconnected Applied Connection SPEED 3 No No Voltage Connected or
Connection Connection Applied unconnected SPEED 4 Voltage No
Voltage Connected or Applied Connection Applied unconnected SPEED 5
Connected or Voltage Voltage Connected or unconnected Applied
Applied unconnected PROGRAM No No No Voltage SCHEDULE Connection
Connection Connection Applied 1 PROGRAM Voltage No No Voltage
SCHEDULE Applied Connection Connection Applied 2 PROGRAM No Voltage
No Voltage SCHEDULE Connection Applied Connection Applied 3
[0057] FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a portion of an
alternative embodiment of an isolated input/output unit 700.
Input/output unit 700 is substantially similar to input/output unit
15 (shown in FIGS. 1 and 3) and components in input/output unit 700
that are identical to components of input/output unit 15 are
identified in FIG. 6 using the same reference numerals used in
FIGS. 1 and 3. Input/output 700 is a low voltage interface for use
with electronically commutated motor assembly 10 (shown in FIG. 1)
and is electrically connected to connector terminal 16b (shown in
FIG. 1) with lines 44, 46, 48, and 50. Lines 48 and 50 are
electrically connected to an optically isolated circuit 702.
Optically isolated circuit 702 includes a first diode assembly 706
and a second diode assembly 708. Diode assemblies 706 and 708
rectify AC voltages transmitted through connector 16b and are
electrically connected in parallel between lines 48 and 50. Line 50
is known as a return line and is coupled to diode assemblies 706
and 708 through four resistors 710, 712, 714, and 716 electrically
connected in series. In one embodiment, resistors 710, 712, 714,
and 716 are each 5.10 K ohm resistors.
[0058] A zener diode 720 is coupled to first diode assembly 706,
and a resistor 722 is electrically connected between zener diode
720 and second diode assembly 708. In one embodiment, resistor 722
is a 10K ohm resistor. Resistor 722 is also electrically coupled to
optically coupled isolator 320. Optically coupled isolator 320
receives AC power from connector terminals 16 (shown in FIG. 1) and
produces a pulse wave modulation signal. A resistor 728 is
electrically coupled between optically coupled isolator 320 and a
power source. In one embodiment, resistor 728 is a 25K ohm
resistor.
[0059] Lines 46 and 44 are electrically connected to an optically
isolated circuit 740. More specifically, line 46 is electrically
connected to optically isolated circuit 740 through a zener diode
741. Optically isolated circuit 740 includes a first diode assembly
742 and a second diode assembly 744. Diode assemblies 742 and 744
rectify AC voltages transmitted through connector 16b and are
electrically connected in parallel between lines 44 and 46. Line 50
is known as a return line and is coupled to diode assemblies 742
and 744 through four resistors 750, 752, 754, and 756 electrically
connected in series. In one embodiment, resistors 750, 752, 754,
and 756 are each 5.10K ohm resistors.
[0060] A zener diode 758 is coupled to first diode assembly 742,
and a resistor 760 is electrically connected between zener diode
758 and second diode assembly 744. In one embodiment, resistor 760
is a 10K ohm resistor. Resistor 760 is also electrically coupled to
optically coupled isolator 320. Optically coupled isolator 320
receives AC power from connector terminals 16 and produces a pulse
wave modulation signal.
[0061] A resistor 764 is electrically coupled between optically
coupled isolator 320 and ground. In one embodiment, resistor 728 is
a 27K ohm resistor. A PNP transistor 766 is coupled to resistor 764
and is electrically connected in series between microprocessor 42
(shown in FIG. 1) and optically coupled isolator 320. More
specifically, a first resistor 768 is electrically connected
between microprocessor 42 and PNP transistor 766, and a second
resistor 770 is electrically connected between PNP transistor 766
and ground. In one embodiment, resistor 770 is a 10K ohm resistor,
and resistor 768 is a 27K ohm resistor.
[0062] It should be noted that elements 706, 708, 710, 712,714,
716, 720, 741, 742, 744, 750, 752, 754, 756, 764, 766, 768, 770,
could be interchanged with elements 272, 274, 330, 332, 334, 336,
302, 220, 182, 184, 224, 226, 228, 230, 246, 246, 380, and 382,
respectively.
[0063] FIG. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of an alternative
embodiment of an isolated programming circuit 800 coupled to low
voltage interface input/output unit 700 and to a high voltage
interface input/output unit 802. High voltage interface
input/output unit 802 is substantially similar to input/output unit
404 (shown in FIGS. 4 and 5) and components in input/output unit
802 that are identical to components of input/output unit 404 are
identified in FIG. 7 using the same reference numerals used in FIG.
4. Additionally, isolated programming circuit 800 is substantially
similar to programming circuit 350 (shown in FIG. 3) and components
in programming circuit 800 that are identical to components of
programming circuit 350 are identified in FIG. 7 using the same
reference numerals used in FIG. 3.
[0064] Input/output 802 is a high voltage interface for use with a
high voltage electronically commutated motor assembly, such as
motor assembly 400, shown in FIG. 4, and is electrically connected
to connector 16b (shown in FIG. 1) with lines 44, 46, 48, and 50.
Lines 46 and 44 are electrically coupled to a first diode assembly
806 and a second diode assembly 808. Diode assemblies 806 and 808
rectify AC voltages transmitted through connector 16b and are
electrically connected in parallel between lines 46 and 44. Line 44
is coupled to diode assemblies 806 and 808 through four resistors
810, 812, 814, and 816 electrically connected in series. In one
embodiment, resistors 810, 812, 814, and 816 are each 110K ohm
resistors. Line 44 is connected to ground between resistor 816 and
first diode assembly 806 through a resistor 818 .
[0065] Line 44 is also connected to ground with line 502. Line 502
insures that line 44 will not be a "dry" circuit. Line 502 includes
resistors 510 and 512 electrically connected in series and a
capacitor 514. Capacitor 514 is electrically connected between
resistor 512 and circuit ground. In one embodiment, resistors 510
and 512 are each 13K ohm resistors.
[0066] Line 46 is electrically coupled to diode assemblies 806 and
808 through four resistors 820, 822, 824, and 826 electrically
connected in series. In one embodiment, resistors 820, 822, 824,
and 826 are each 110K ohm resistors. Line 46 is connected to ground
between resistor 826 and first diode assembly 806 through a
resistor 828. Line 46 is connected to ground through line 448. Line
448 is constructed identically with line 424 and includes resistors
450 and 452 and capacitor 454. In one embodiment, resistors 450 and
452 are each 13K ohm resistors.
[0067] Lines 48 and 50 are electrically coupled to a first diode
assembly 836 and a second diode assembly 838. Diode assemblies 836
and 838 rectify AC voltages transmitted through connector 16b and
are electrically connected in parallel between lines 48 and 50.
More specifically, line 48 is coupled to diode assemblies 836 and
838 through four resistors 840, 842, 844, and 846 electrically
connected in series. In one embodiment, resistors 840, 842, 844,
and 846 are each 110K ohm resistors. Line 48 is connected to ground
between resistor 846 and first diode assembly 836 through a
resistor 848.
[0068] Line 48 is also connected to ground with line 478. Line 478
insures that line 48 will not be a "dry" circuit. Line 478 includes
resistors 480 and 482 electrically connected in series and a
capacitor 484. Capacitor 484 is electrically connected between
resistor 482 and circuit ground. In one embodiment, resistors 480
and 482 are each 13K ohm resistors.
[0069] Line 50 is electrically coupled to diode assemblies 836 and
838 through four resistors 850, 852, 854, and 856 electrically
connected in series. In one embodiment, resistors 850, 852, 854,
and 856 are each 110K ohm resistors. Line 50 is connected to ground
through a resistor 764. Line 50 is also connected to ground with
line 424. Line 424 insures that line 50 will not be a "dry"
circuit. Line 424 includes resistors 428 and 430 electrically
connected in series and a capacitor 432. Capacitor 432 is
electrically connected between resistor 430 and circuit ground. In
one embodiment, resistors 428 and 430 are each 13K ohm
resistors.
[0070] Input/output unit 802 is coupled to low voltage interface
input/output unit 700 and to isolated programming circuit 800.
Programming circuit 800 is electrically connected to microprocessor
42 and to optically coupled isolator circuit 700. Programming
circuit 800 includes a data input line 870, a com line 872, and a
data out line 874. Lines 872 and 874 are coupled to an optically
coupled isolator 876 through a transistor 878 coupled to lines 872
and 874. More specifically, transistor 878 is coupled to optically
coupled isolator 876 through a pair of resistors 880 and 882.
[0071] Optically coupled isolator 876 is coupled to ground through
a capacitor 884 and through a resistor 886. Optically coupled
isolator 876 is also electrically coupled to electrically erasable
programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) 360. More specifically,
optically coupled isolator 876 is coupled to a transistor 890 which
is coupled to EEPROM 360 through a resistor 892. Optically coupled
isolator 876 is also coupled to a power source through resistor 892
and a second resistor 894, and connected to ground through resistor
892 and a capacitor 896.
[0072] It should be noted that elements 810, 812, 814, 816, 818,
806, 808, 820, 822, 824, 826, 828, 846, 840, 842, 844, 836, 838,
850, 852, 854, 856, 720, 710, 712, 714, 716, 706, 708, 750, 752,
754, 756, 742, and 744, could be interchanged with elements 410,
412, 414, 416, 426, 432, 460, 462, 436, 438, 440, 442, 445, 472,
466, 468, 470, 475, 488, 489, 490, 492, 494, 496, 302, 330, 332,
334, 336, 272, 274, 224, 226, 228, 230, 182, and 184,
respectively.
[0073] The above-described electronically commutated motor assembly
is cost-effective and highly reliable. The assembly includes an
input/output unit which in combination with a microprocessor and
connector terminals permit a user to select discrete operating
speed options to operate an electronically commutated motor. The
input/output unit includes an electrically erasable programmable
read-only memory (EEPROM). The EEPROM is programmed with numerous
speed tables which include speed schedules to operate the
electronically commutated motor. As a result, an electronically
commutated motor assembly is provided which increases the options
available to a user.
[0074] While the invention has been described in terms of various
specific embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that
the invention can be practiced with modification within the spirit
and scope of the claims.
* * * * *