U.S. patent application number 09/757960 was filed with the patent office on 2001-12-06 for fluid exchange system.
Invention is credited to Viken, James P..
Application Number | 20010047907 09/757960 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 46257404 |
Filed Date | 2001-12-06 |
United States Patent
Application |
20010047907 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Viken, James P. |
December 6, 2001 |
Fluid exchange system
Abstract
Fluid changing in an automatic transmission by opening the
cooler line and draining used fluid, at the flow of normal
circulation, out of the cooler line from the transmission into a
drain receptacle for receiving used fluid and simultaneously
supplying fresh fluid, from a pressurized supply receptacle, into
the cooler return line to the transmission at a similar controlled
rate that is equal or great than the rate of flow of the used fluid
into the drain receptacle.
Inventors: |
Viken, James P.; (Eden
Prairie, MN) |
Correspondence
Address: |
John F. Klos
Larkin, Hoffman, Daly & Lindgren, Ltd.
1500 Norwest Center
7900 Xerxes Avenue South
Bloomington
MN
55431-3333
US
|
Family ID: |
46257404 |
Appl. No.: |
09/757960 |
Filed: |
January 10, 2001 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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09757960 |
Jan 10, 2001 |
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08772836 |
Dec 24, 1996 |
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08772836 |
Dec 24, 1996 |
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08469673 |
Jun 6, 1995 |
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08469673 |
Jun 6, 1995 |
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08209061 |
Mar 9, 1994 |
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5472064 |
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08209061 |
Mar 9, 1994 |
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07781322 |
Oct 23, 1991 |
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5318080 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
184/1.5 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F16H 57/0408 20130101;
F01M 11/04 20130101; F01M 11/0458 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
184/1.5 |
International
Class: |
F16C 003/14; F16N
033/00 |
Claims
1. A method for exchanging a used fluid with a fresh fluid in a
vehicle having an automatic transmission connected to a fluid
circuit, said used fluid initially being contained within said
transmission and said fluid circuit, at least a substantial portion
of which is subsequently discharged into a receptacle, said fresh
fluid initially being contained in a source container, said method
comprising the steps of: providing a fluid exchange system having a
first conduit for communicating fresh fluid to the transmission and
a second conduit for communicating used fluid from the
transmission; coupling said fluid exchange system to the fluid
circuit of the vehicle such that the used fluid flows from the
transmission through the second conduit; coupling said fluid
exchange system to the fluid circuit of the vehicle such that the
fresh fluid flows to the transmission through the first conduit;
and providing a fluid flow control assembly having at least a
movable element in fluid communication with both the used fluid and
fresh fluid, wherein said control assembly introduces a quantity of
fresh fluid to the fluid circuit of the vehicle at a first flow
rate as the used fluid is expelled from the fluid circuit through
the second conduit at a second flow, said first flow rate being
substantially matched to the second flow rate.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of providing a control
assembly includes the step of providing a receiver having an
internally disposed diaphragm element functioning as the movable
element.
3. A fluid exchange system for use in exchanging a used fluid with
a fresh fluid in a vehicle having an automatic transmission and a
fluid cooling circuit, said automatic transmission having an
internal fluid pump to conduct a circulated fluid in the fluid
cooling circuit, said fresh fluid being contained in and dispensed
from a source external to said vehicle, said used fluid initially
being contained within said vehicle and discharged into a
receptacle external to said vehicle, said fluid exchange system
comprising: a first fluid line intercoupled to the fluid exchange
system and the fluid cooling circuit to conduct used fluid from the
cooling circuit; a second fluid line intercoupled to the fluid
exchange system, the source, and the fluid cooling circuit to
conduct fresh fluid from the source into the fluid cooling circuit;
and a fluid flow equalizing assembly operatively coupled to the
fluid lines, said assembly including at least one movable component
in fluidic communication with both the used fluid from the cooling
circuit and the fresh fluid from the source, said movable component
being biased by used fluid to force fresh fluid into the vehicle at
a rate which is substantially equivalent to the rate at which used
fluid is being expelled from the vehicle.
4. The fluid exchange system of claim 3 wherein the fluid
equalizing assembly includes a receiver and the movable component
is an internally disposed diaphragm element.
5. A machine for exchanging used fluid from an automotive automatic
transmission with fresh fluid, said machine comprising: a source of
fresh fluid; a receptacle for used fluid; a flow balancing assembly
including at least one movable component in fluid communication
with both the used fluid and fresh fluid; a first conduit for
receiving used fluid at a first flow rate from the vehicle and
introducing said used fluid into the flow balancing assembly; and a
second conduit for receiving fresh fluid from the source and
introducing said fresh fluid into the vehicle at a rate
substantially equal to the first flow rate.
6. The machine of claim 5, wherein the flow balancing assembly
includes a receiver, and the at least one movable component is a
diaphragm element disposed within the receiver.
7. A fluid exchange system for use in exchanging a used fluid with
a fresh fluid in a vehicle having an automatic transmission and a
fluid cooling circuit, said automatic transmission having an
internal fluid pump to conduct a circulated fluid in the fluid
cooling circuit, said fresh fluid being contained in and dispensed
from a source external to said vehicle, said used fluid initially
being contained within said vehicle and discharged into a
receptacle external to said vehicle, said fluid exchange system
comprising: a first fluid line intercoupled to the fluid exchange
system and the fluid cooling circuit to conduct used fluid from the
cooling circuit; a second fluid line intercoupled to the fluid
exchange system, the source, and the fluid cooling circuit to
conduct fresh fluid from the source into the fluid cooling circuit;
and a flow equalizing assembly operatively coupled to the fluid
lines, said flow equalizing assembly including at least a movable
component in fluid communication with both the used fluid from the
cooling circuit and the fresh fluid from the source, said movable
component being biased by used fluid to force fresh fluid into the
vehicle at a rate which is substantially equivalent to the rate at
which used fluid is being expelled from the vehicle.
8. The fluid exchange system of claim 7 wherein the flow equalizing
assembly includes a tank and an interiorly received diaphragm
element.
9. The fluid exchange system of claim 7 further comprising: a
plurality of quick connect couplers for connecting the fluid
exchange system to vehicle.
10. A method for exchanging a used fluid with a fresh fluid in a
vehicle having an automatic transmission, said used fluid initially
being contained within said transmission, at least a substantial
portion of which is subsequently discharged into a receptacle, said
fresh fluid initially being contained in a source container, said
method comprising the steps of: identifying a transmission cooling
circuit on the vehicle; uncoupling the transmission cooling circuit
to provide access to a first transmission cooling circuit port and
a second transmission cooling circuit port, one of said
transmission cooling line ports directing used transmission fluid
outwardly under pressure from the automatic transmission; providing
a fluid exchange system having a first and second conduit and
further having a fluid indicator in fluid communication with the
first and second conduits for determining a flow direction of fluid
through the first and second conduits; randomly coupling said first
and second conduits of the fluid exchange system to the first and
second transmission cooling circuit ports; energizing the
transmission to flow used fluid through the first and second
transmission cooling circuit ports and the first and second
conduits of the fluid exchange system; identifying one of the first
or second transmission cooling circuit ports which is directing
used fluid outwardly under pressure from the automatic
transmission; and recoupling the fluid exchange system to the first
and second transmission cooling circuit ports such that fresh fluid
flows from said fluid exchange system to the transmission and used
fluid is received from the transmission.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the step of identifying one of
the first or second transmission cooling circuit ports which is
directing used transmission fluid outwardly includes the step of
determining the flow direction of fluid through the first and
second conduits with reference to the fluid indicator.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the fluid indicator includes a
pair of sight glasses.
13. The method of claim 10, further comprising the step of:
providing a control assembly having at least a movable element in
fluid communication with both the used fluid and fresh fluid, said
control assembly to delivery a quantity of fresh fluid to the fluid
circuit of the vehicle at a first flow rate as the used fluid is
expelled from the fluid circuit through the second conduit at a
second flow rate being substantially matched to the first flow
rate.
14. A method of exchanging used transmission fluid with clean
transmission fluid in an automatic transmission, the method
comprising the steps of: providing a fluid replacing apparatus
having a drain tube configured to direct used transmission fluid
away from an automatic transmission circuit and a supply tube
configured to direct fresh transmission fluid into an automatic
transmission circuit; connecting the drain tube and the supply tube
to an automatic transmission circuit; applying a force to
pressurize used transmission fluid entering the drain tube; and,
causing the used, pressurized transmission fluid to direct fresh
transmission fluid into the supply tube and the automatic
transmission circuit.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the step of connecting the
drain tube and the supply tube to an automatic transmission circuit
includes the steps of: connecting the drain tube to a high pressure
portion of the automatic transmission circuit; and, connecting the
supply tube to a low pressure portion of the automatic transmission
circuit.
16. The method of claim 14, wherein the step of applying a force to
pressurize used transmission fluid entering the drain tube is
provided by actuating the automatic transmission.
17. The method of claim 14, wherein the step of causing the used,
pressurized transmission fluid to direct fresh transmission fluid
into the supply tube and the automatic transmission circuit is
provided by having the used, pressurized transmission fluid exert
an indirect force against the fresh transmission fluid.
18. A method of exchanging used transmission fluid with clean
transmission fluid in an automatic transmission, the method
comprising the steps of: providing a fluid replacing apparatus
having a drain tube configured to direct used transmission fluid
away from an automatic transmission circuit and a supply tube
configured to direct fresh transmission fluid into an automatic
transmission circuit; connecting the drain tube and the supply tube
to an automatic transmission circuit; applying a force to
pressurize used transmission fluid entering the drain tube; and,
using the used, pressurized transmission fluid to control a flow of
fresh transmission fluid into the supply tube and the automatic
transmission circuit.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein the step of connecting the
drain tube and the supply tube to an automatic transmission circuit
includes the steps of: connecting the drain tube to a high pressure
portion of the automatic transmission circuit; and, connecting the
supply tube to a low pressure portion of the automatic transmission
circuit.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein the step of applying a force to
pressurize used transmission fluid entering the drain tube is
provided by actuating the automatic transmission.
21. A fluid replacing apparatus in combination with an automatic
transmission having a fluidic circuit, the fluid replacing
apparatus having a drain tube attachable to and configured to
direct used transmission fluid away from an automatic transmission
circuit and a supply tube attachable to and configured to direct
fresh transmission fluid into an automatic transmission circuit,
wherein the automatic transmission may be actuated to provide a
force to pressurize the fluidic circuit and direct used
transmission fluid into the drain tube, and wherein the used
transmission fluid indirectly controls the flow of fresh
transmission fluid into the fluidic circuit of the automatic
transmission.
22. A fluid replacing apparatus for exchanging transmission fluid
in an automatic transmission having a fluidic circuit, the fluid
replacing apparatus having a drain tube attachable to and
configured to direct used transmission fluid away from an automatic
transmission circuit and a supply tube attachable to and configured
to direct fresh transmission fluid into an automatic transmission
circuit, wherein the automatic transmission may be actuated to
provide a force to pressurize the fluidic circuit and direct used
transmission fluid into the drain tube, and wherein the used
transmission fluid indirectly controls the flow of fresh
transmission fluid into the fluidic circuit of the automatic
transmission.
23. A method for exchanging a used fluid with a fresh fluid in a
vehicle having an automatic transmission connected to a fluid
circuit and having an internal transmission pump for conducting a
circulated fluid in the fluid circuit in an operational direction,
said used fluid initially being contained within said transmission
and said fluid circuit, at least a substantial portion of which is
subsequently discharged into a receptacle, said fresh fluid
initially being contained in a source container, said method
comprising the steps of: providing a fluid exchange system having a
first conduit for communicating fresh fluid to the transmission and
a second conduit for communicating used fluid from the
transmission; providing an external fluid pump operatively coupled
to the second fluid line for assisting in an extraction of used
fluid from the cooling circuit; coupling said fluid exchange system
to the fluid circuit of the vehicle such that the used fluid flows
from the transmission through the second conduit; coupling said
fluid exchange system to the fluid circuit of the vehicle such that
the fresh fluid flows to the transmission through the first
conduit; operating said external fluid pump to assist in the
extraction of used fluid from the cooling circuit; and delivering
fresh fluid through the first conduit to replace the used fluid
within the transmission and the fluid circuit as the used fluid is
expelled from the transmission and the fluid circuit through the
second conduit and into the receptacle.
24. The method of exchanging a used fluid of claim 23 wherein the
first fluid line and the second fluid line are simultaneously
coupled to the vehicle.
25. The method of exchanging a used fluid of claim 23 further
comprising the step of: operating the vehicle to operate a
transmission pump during at least a portion of the exchange
procedure.
26. The method of exchanging a used fluid of claim 23 wherein the
step of delivering fresh fluid through the first conduit to replace
the used fluid within the transmission and the fluid circuit as the
used fluid is expelled from the transmission and the fluid circuit
includes the step of substantially matching the volumetric flow
rate of used fluid through the second conduit with fresh fluid in
the first conduit.
27. A fluid exchange system for use in exchanging a used fluid with
a fresh fluid in a vehicle having an automatic transmission and a
fluid cooling circuit, said automatic transmission having an
internal fluid pump to conduct a circulated fluid in the fluid
cooling circuit, said fresh fluid being contained in and dispensed
from a source external to said vehicle, said used fluid initially
being contained within said vehicle and discharged into a
receptacle external to said vehicle, said fluid exchange system
comprising: a first fluid line intercoupled to the fluid exchange
system, the source, and the fluid cooling circuit to conduct fresh
fluid from the source into the fluid cooling circuit; a second
fluid line intercoupled to the fluid exchange system and the fluid
cooling circuit to conduct used fluid from the cooling circuit; and
an external fluid pump operatively coupled to the second fluid line
for assisting in an extraction of used fluid from the cooling
circuit.
28. A fluid exchange system of claim 27, further comprising: a
control device operatively coupled to the first fluid line or the
second fluid line to substantially balance the first fluid flow
rate with the second fluid flow rate during an exchange
procedure.
29. In a machine for exchanging used fluid from an automotive
automatic transmission with fresh fluid, said machine comprising: a
source of fresh fluid; an external pump unit flowing fresh fluid
from the source to the automatic transmission; and a flow alignment
device being fluidly coupled to the source of fresh fluid, the
external pump unit, and the automatic transmission, said flow
alignment device including four fluid ports, each of said four
ports being in direct fluid flow communication with at least one
other of said four ports, two of said ports being bi-directional
ports which may receive used fluid from the transmission or send
fresh fluid to said transmission, and a different two of said ports
being respectively an inflow port at which said machine receives
used fluid from the transmission and an outflow port to which the
machine delivers new fluid, said flow alignment device having at
least one valve assembly for communicating used fluid or fresh
fluid within the flow alignment device.
30. The machine of claim 29 wherein the valve assembly is manually
biased by an operator during an exchange procedure.
31. The machine of claim 29 wherein the valve assembly is
controlled by an electronic control system.
32. A method of exchanging used ATF with new ATF in an automotive
automatic transmission having an internal pump and an external
fluid circulation loop, said method comprising steps of: providing
a source of new ATF; providing an external assistance pump drawing
power from a source other than said internal pump of the
transmission; connecting a fluid exchange unit into said external
fluid circulation loop, so that said loop is opened; and flowing
used ATF from said fluid circulation loop through said assistance
pump and said fluid exchange unit so as to effect a pseudo-closing
of said external fluid circulation loop, whereby used ATF pumped
out of said transmission by said internal pump and external pump is
continuously replaced in equal volume with new ATF from said source
by said fluid exchange unit.
33. The method of claim 32 further including the step of providing
an electrically driven pump as said assistance pump.
34. An apparatus for exchanging used ATF with new ATF in an
automotive automatic transmission having an internal pump and an
external fluid circulation loop, said apparatus comprising: a
source of new ATF; and a positive displacement fluid exchange unit
for connection into said external fluid circulation loop so that
said loop is opened and old ATF from the transmission flows via a
portion of the fluid exchange to waste by reason of pressure
provided by said internal pump of the transmission and an external
pump coupled to the fluid exchange unit so as to effect a
pseudo-closing of said external fluid circulation loop, whereby
used ATF pumped out of said transmission by said internal pump and
said external pump is replaced in equal volume with new ATF.
35. A method of exchanging used ATF with new ATF in an automotive
automatic transmission having an internal pump and an external
fluid circulation loop, said method comprising steps of: providing
a source of new ATF; providing an external assistance pump and a
power source for said external assistance pump; connecting a
positive displacement fluid exchange unit into said external fluid
circulation loop, so that said loop is opened and old ATF from the
transmission flows via a first portion of the fluid exchange device
unit to waste by reason of pressure provided by said internal
transmission pump and said external assistance pump, and flowing
new ATF from said source through a second portion of said fluid
exchange unit to said automatic transmission so as to effect a
pseudo-closing of said external fluid circulation loop, whereby
used ATF pumped out of said transmission by said internal pump and
said external pump is replaced in equal volume with new ATF from
said source.
36. A method of replacing a first fluid with a second fluid, said
method comprising steps of: providing a first tank for receiving
said first fluid from a first port and a second tank with said
second fluid; coupling a processor to a first sensor, a second
sensors and a pump for pumping said second fluid into a second
port; measuring said first fluid via said first sensor using said
processor; measuring said second fluid via said second sensor using
said processor; controlling said pump using said processor based on
said measuring steps; and providing a switch connected to said
ports, said switch having a plurality of paths; wherein said switch
is coupled to said processor and said processor controls said
paths; wherein said switch includes a first switch port for
receiving said first fluid and transferring said first fluid to
said first port and a second switch port for receiving said second
fluid from said second port; wherein said switch has first and
second switch ports, said first switch port having a first fluid
pressure sensor coupled to said processor and said second switch
port having a second fluid pressure sensor coupled to said
processor, and wherein said processor measures said first switch
port pressure via said first fluid pressure sensor, measures said
second switch port pressure via said second fluid pressure sensor
and controls said paths based on said measurements.
37. The method of claim 36, wherein said processor controls said
paths such that said first fluid flows from said first switch port
to said first port and said second fluid flows from second port to
said second switch port.
38. The method of claim 36, wherein said processor controls said
paths such that said first fluid flows from said second switch port
to said first port and said second fluid flows from second port to
said first switch port.
39. The method of claim 36, further comprising the step of:
providing an external assistance pump for pressurizing the first
fluid prior to being introduced into the first tank.
40. The method of claim 36, wherein the step of providing an
external assistance pump for pressurizing the first fluid prior to
being introduced into the first tank occurs between the first port
and the first fluid tank.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. .sctn.120
to pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/772,836, filed Dec.
24, 1996, which was a Continuation of U.S. patent application Ser.
No. 08/469,673, filed Jun. 6, 1995 (abandoned), which was a
Continuation-In-Part of U.S. patent application Ser. No.
08/209,061, filed Mar, 9, 1994, now RE36,650, which was a
Continuation-In-Part of U.S. patent application Ser. No.
07/781,322, filed Oct. 23, 1991, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,318,080, each
reference incorporated by reference herein.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] This invention relates generally to automatic transmission
fluid exchange systems and is more particularly directed to system
and method of use for replacing the fluid in automatic
transmissions having sealed, or inaccessible hydraulic torque
converters and which include a fluid circulating pump and inlet and
outlet ports for circulation of the hydraulic transmission fluid to
fluid coolers and the like.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0003] The following is a list of prior art encountered in the
course of a search of the prior art with which my invention is
concerned.
1 U.S. Pat. No. Title Issued Date Inventor 1,829,173 COMBINED
FLUSHER A. L. Wirtz AND LUBRICANT DISPENSER 1,884,820 METHOD OF
Oct. 25, 1932 W. L. Osborne CLEANING LUBRICANT CONTAINERS 3,216,527
APPARATUS FOR Nov. 9, 1965 O. G. Lewis CHANGING CRANKCASE OIL
3,447,636 AUTOMATIC OIL June 3, 1969 R. J. Bonfilio EXCHANGING
SYSTEM 3,513,941 FLUID CHANGE May 26, 1970 N. J. Becnel MEANS FOR
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSIONS 4,095,672 APPARATUS FOR Jun. 20, 1978 F. J.
Senese REMOVAL OF LUB- RICATING COMPOSI- TION AND METHODS FOR USING
SAME 4,331,185 TRANSMISSION May 25, 1982 J. D. Rinaldo FILLER
ASSEMBLY et al. 4,745,989 VALVE FOR DRAINING May 24, 1988 J. G.
DiMatteo AUTOMATIC TRANS- MISSION FLUID AND METHOD OF USING
SAME
[0004] Of the above references, some of which pertain to other
activities involving the addition or removal of fluid from various
and sundry mechanisms, the Becnel U.S. Pat. No. 3,513,941 for FLUID
CHANGE MEANS FOR AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSIONS and the DiMatteo U.S. Pat.
No. 4,745,989 for VALVE FOR DRAINING AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUID
AND METHOD OF USING SAME are believed to be the most directly
pertinent to my invention. In Becnel and DiMatteo, a method and
apparatus are described for draining and refilling the fluid in a
motor vehicle automatic transmission. The similarities between
Becnel and DiMatteo are almost surprising in that each of them
provides a cooler outlet and some arrangement for adding fluid to
the transmission either through the filler port or to a return line
from the transmission fluid cooler. When a transmission cooler line
is opened and drained with no restriction the rate of flow at which
the fluid is exhausted rapidly increases and fluid is pumped out of
the transmission and torque converter much faster than it can be
replaced by being pumped in the return line as specified in
Becnel's invention, resulting in a disruption of the usual internal
and external fluid flow rates and flow patterns which occur
normally; this disruption includes an intermittent, recurrent
starvation condition to certain internal transmission components
resulting in undue stress and frequent damage to those components.
Becnel's invention appears to have the capability to supply fresh
fluid into the transmission through the return line from the cooler
back to the transmission at a predetermined, pre-selected flow
rate, but his invention allowed no clear means of balancing and/or
matching that flow rate to the rate at which fluid is normally
circulated through the cooler line back to the transmission or
regulating the exhausting of aged fluid into the waste receptacle
to produce a balanced substitution of fresh fluid for aged
fluid.
[0005] Exhausting aged fluid through an open, unrestricted
transmission cooler line results in a flow rate to and out of that
opening which is far in excess of the rate at which fluid is
normally circulated through the cooler, because the usual and
significant flow resistance provided by the return line to the
transmission itself and the internal down-line components has been
eliminated by interrupting/opening the transmission cooler
line.
[0006] DiMatteo's invention specifies an unrestricted exhausting of
aged fluid through an open cooler line as Becnel's does and also
results in a great increase in rate of flow of fluid through the
line leading from the transmission to the cooler line at the point
it is exhausted, much greater than normally occurring with a closed
cooler line in normal closed-loop circulation. Not only does this
result in emptying of the transmission pan and starvation of the
internal pump(s) and torque converter as well as other internal
components, but Dimatteo's invention does not specify any pumping
of fresh fluid in the return line to the transmission thus,
completely disrupting internal and external flow rates and flow
patterns and resulting in complete lack of lubrication to the
bearings and internal parts of the transmission which receive fluid
from the line returning from the cooler to the transmission.
DiMatteo specifies adding fresh fluid as the aged fluid when
drained out of the open, unrestricted transmission cooler line, by
manually pouring it through the filler tube with a poorly metered,
poorly controlled method not balanced to rate of exhaust flow.
[0007] In the course of arriving at the method and apparatus of my
invention, the concepts present in Becnel and DiMatteo were
utilized in a similar manner and it was discovered that most, if
not all, of the transmissions operated upon became excessively hot
or were subject to internal damage to the fluid seals, rear
bearings, or other internal components because it was impossible to
maintain equality between the fluid added and the fluid drained,
because it was impossible to maintain normal fluid flow rates and
flow patterns external to and internal within the transmission and
its component parts. In other words, what is lacking in Becnel or
DiMatteo is a realistic, functional, reliable means or a method for
maintaining a balance to provide a dynamic equality of fluid added
and fluid removed by replacing aged fluid with fresh fluid through
an opened transmission cooler line without disrupting normal
internal and external flow rates and flow distribution
patterns.
[0008] It may be noted that in the event fluid is allowed to drain
faster than the rate of addition of fluid, the pump or torque
converter in a transmission is likely to be starved and then will
become excessively hot under which conditions a transmission will
self-destruct if permitted to continue in operation. On the other
hand, should excessive fluid be added to build up an internal
pressure within the transmission, there is a strong likelihood that
seals for shafts and/or valves, bearings, or the like or other
internal components, within the transmission, may be irreparably
damaged with a resulting failure of the transmission under
subsequent operating conditions.
[0009] The remainder of the patents are understood to be directed
to various and sundry arrangements for adding, removing and
changing fluid which are believed to be more remotely related to
the concepts of my invention as will be explained in more detail
below.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0010] Briefly, my invention is comprised of a fluid receiver for
used fluid, a source of supply of fresh fluid, and a means for
coordinating the introduction of fresh fluid with the draining of
used fluid. With this in mind, it then only remains necessary to
separate the fluid flow in a line that is external from the
transmission so that the used fluid is drained into a suitable
fluid container and the new fluid is introduced at the same rate
that the used fluid exits. This can be accomplished in a number of
ways, some of which will be described in more detail below.
[0011] In one embodiment of my invention, a tank having one port at
each end is divided into two chambers by a flexible diaphragm. The
tank is filled with fresh fluid through one port which may be known
as the supply port and the diaphragm is distended so that
substantially the entire tank may be filled with fresh fluid. The
supply port, is then connected to the return line of a
transmission, the fluid of which is to be renewed. The other port
is connected to a drain or exhaust line and the transmission is
rendered operative and under these conditions, fluid will be driven
from the transmission to the drain line through the drain port of
the tank to exert a pressure therein on the diaphragm which will
then cause the supply of fresh fluid to flow into the return line
and thence back into the transmission. It may now be abundantly
clear that the fluid removed is exactly equal to the fluid added so
that the transmission will be completely filled with fluid without
any excessive pressure drops across sealed shafts or valves and
will remain operative in its normal manner with the usual flow
rates and flow distribution patterns external to and internally
within the transmission and its component parts.
[0012] In a typical replacing operation, the fluid drained may be
visually observed until the appearance or color assumes that of
fresh fluid and the operator will then know that the fluid within
the transmission consists essentially, entirely of fresh fluid
having the required lubricating and additive properties.
[0013] Typically, an amount of fresh fluid in excess of the fluid
capacity of a transmission is necessary because of the dilution
factor which may vary from transmission to transmission but which
is always present. This may vary from 25 to 75 percent of the
capacity of a transmission.
[0014] In another embodiment of my invention, a pneumatic cushion
is provided intermediate individual receptacles for receiving used
fluid and adding new fluid while pressure within the receptacles is
maintained at a predetermined level commensurate with the normal
operating pressure of the fluid in a given transmission.
[0015] In a further embodiment of my invention, the apparatus for
draining used fluid is provided with a suitable restriction for
permitting or controlling the discharge of used fluid so as to
maintain, in effect, a back pressure on the circulation pump in a
transmission so that the fluid removed by the draining procedure
does not exceed the internal source of supply for the pump, which
is being replaced at a level consistent with the volume of fluid
that is drained. The fresh, clean fluid that is returned to the
transmission is then supplied at a rate which is equal to or
greater than the volume of expended, dirty fluid that is drained at
a controlled rate. A controller, such as is described in one of the
illustrated embodiments may be utilized for this purpose.
[0016] In another embodiment, an apparatus according to the present
invention utilizes an external pump to assist in the extraction of
fluid from an access automatic transmission circuit. In another
embodiment, an external pumping system introduces for fresh fluid
is quite novel when compared to all other prior art since it is
bifurcated into two separate but coordinated sources of introducing
fresh fluid into the transmission. These two separate but
coordinated supply sources can be used to introduce fresh fluid
into the transmission at two separate loci at any overall rate
needed to match the unrestricted or enhanced exhausting of used
fluid specified in the second preferred embodiment.
[0017] The invention introduces fresh fluid into the transmission
through the cooling return line and this is used in both of its two
embodiments during both the static part of the complete fluid
exchange and during the dynamic part as well. The invention
introduces fresh fluid directly into the transmission pan through
the dipstick/filler tube by means of the pan access tube during the
static part of the complete fluid exchange in the second
embodiment, and during the dynamic part of the complete fluid
exchange in the second embodiment. The fresh fluid introduced into
the transmission from both sources is metered together, that is,
measured additively, and both are suitably regulated individually
and together by utilizing a variable flow regulator valve and an
adjustable relief valve used as a distribution proportioning valve.
Of course many other equivalent means can be used without departing
from the art.
[0018] In order to maintain overall balance between the rate at
which used fluid is extracted and the rate at which fresh fluid is
introduced during the dynamic part of the complete fluid exchange,
fresh fluid must enter the transmission just as fast as the used
fluid flows out of the opened cooling line which has had additional
low pressure applied to its cooling outlet side in the second,
preferred embodiment.
[0019] Lack of inclusion of additional illustrations of embodiments
clearly related to and based on this novel art, should not be
construed as suggesting that they are not a part of the novel art
of this invention.
[0020] This invention provides a complete fluid exchange for
automatic transmissions consisting, of: 1) the utilization and
coordination of a static fluid change which includes flushing,
purging, cleaning of the pan and the cooling return line and its
downstream circuits; and 2) a dynamic fluid exchange which includes
the flushing, purging, cleaning of the remaining inaccessible
components such as the torque convertor and other internal
components which are only accessible with the use of this type of
apparatus with the transmission operating.
[0021] This invention institutes this complete fluid exchange in as
short a period of time as feasible with the least amount of fluid
utilized that is practical.
[0022] This invention provides the means to unequivocally replace
the used fluid extracted during both the static and dynamic phases
of the complete fluid exchange in a coordinated, systematically
controlled manner.
[0023] This invention provides the coordinated means to refill an
automatic transmission in as short a time as feasible using the
minimum amount of fresh fluid practical without creating any fluid
starvation or other potentially harmful conditions in the
transmission or vehicle during the dynamic part of the complete
fluid exchange.
[0024] Because the complete fluid exchange system utilizes
enigmatic, unobvious and novel art to attain these utilitarian and
commercially useful results, it is therefore distinctly patentable.
Each of the two embodiments of the invention specified in FIGS. 8
and 9 incorporate the use of a unique pan access tube, which serves
as a used fluid extraction means in both embodiments during the
static phase of the complete fluid exchange. It also serves with a
second, dual use as an additional, coordinated means of fresh fluid
introduction at a second locus during the dynamic phase of the
complete fluid exchange in the second preferred embodiment.
[0025] The invention provides an apparatus comprised of but not
limited to: a source of fresh fluid and means to apply pressure to
introduce that fresh fluid into the transmission at more than one
locus; a reservoir to receive used fluid extracted from the
transmission at more than one locus; a means to apply low pressure
to these extraction loci such that used fluid is extracted from
them; a means to measure and balance the flow rate and volume of
fresh fluid introduced into the transmission and during the dynamic
part of the fluid exchange the flow rate and volume of used fluid
extracted from the transmission such that fresh fluid is
simultaneously exchanged with used fluid at the same approximate
rate without causing any starvation conditions or other potentially
harmful conditions in any internal transmission component during
the dynamic part of the complete fluid exchange when the
transmission is running, or during the static part of the complete
fluid exchange before the dynamic part of the exchange is
instituted.
[0026] In summary, the invention has the capability to institute a
complete exchange of fresh fluid for used fluid in the shortest
time practical using the minimum amount of fresh fluid. It also has
the capability of maintaining a balanced rate of flow between the
fresh fluid being introduced and the used fluid being extracted. It
has the capability to institute virtually a complete flushing and
purging of used fluid with an essentially complete cleaning of the
transmission. It also provides the operator with an easy to operate
apparatus which can be used conveniently to attain the desired
results which the complete fluid exchange offers. These novel
contributions to the art of changing fluid in automatic
transmissions make the invention commercially useful and
patentable.
[0027] Further objects and advantages of my invention will become
apparent from a consideration of the drawings and ensuing
description of each.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] FIGS. 1 and 2 are sketches of prior art devices as described
above;
[0029] FIG. 3 is a side elevational view, partly in section,
illustrating my invention;
[0030] FIG. 4 is a side elevational view, partly in section,
illustrating a further embodiment of my invention;
[0031] FIG. 5 is an accessory which may be utilized in practicing
my invention;
[0032] FIG. 6 is an enlarged side elevational view, party in
section, illustrating a still further embodiment of my
invention;
[0033] FIG. 7 is a representative illustration of another
embodiment of the applicant's system as it is typically positioned
with respect to the vehicle being serviced;
[0034] FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of the embodiment of FIG.
7 interconnected to a vehicular automatic transmission to be
serviced by the invention; and
[0035] FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of another embodiment
interconnected and positioned to a vehicular automatic transmission
to be serviced by the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE ILLUSTRATED EMBODIMENTS
[0036] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawings two illustrations
of the prior art are used in connection with a typical automatic
transmission 10 having a case 13 and a fluid filler tube 14, a
fluid outlet 15, and a fluid inlet 16, and an input shaft 11, and
output shaft 12. The fluid outlet and inlets for the transmission
are typically utilized to circulate fluid under pressure from
within transmission 10 to a means for extracting excess heat from
the transmission fluid used in the operation of the transmission.
This is typically done by a section of an automotive radiator
having an inlet 21 and an outlet 22. Inlet 21 is directly connected
to fluid outlet 15 on transmission 10 through a suitable tubular
member. In FIG. 1, outlet 22 is permitted to drain unrestricted and
unregulated into a bucket 29 for receiving used transmission fluid.
A tank 34 comprises a source of fresh transmission fluid, also
indicated by reference character A and includes an outlet 36 that
is connected to inlet 16 on transmission 10 through a suitable
tubular member and a pressure inlet 35 that is connected to a
suitable source under pressure (not shown).
[0037] In FIG. 2, a valve 26 is shown connected to outlet 22 on
radiator 20 and is operable to direct the flow of fluid to an
outlet 27 which exhausts used fluid unrestricted and unregulated
into bucket 29 or to another outlet which is connected to inlet 16
on transmission 10 through a suitable tube.
[0038] Further, in the prior art of FIG. 2, a source of fluid is
shown comprised of a funnel 18 (also indicated as a fresh fluid
source A) which is inserted into the top of filler tube 14 on
transmission 10 for the addition of fluid thereto. The top of
funnel 18 is supplied with fluid from a suitable container, such as
the bottle shown.
[0039] In the embodiment of FIG. 3, a tank 36, having a flexible,
rubber-like diaphragm 37, a top filler tube 38 and an outlet port
39 at the top end an inlet port 40 and a drain port 41 at the lower
end is disposed in a generally-vertically oriented attitude on top
of a wheeled cart 42. A fluid supply tube 45, including an on-off
valve is shown disposed intermediate outlet port 39 and a sight
glass 46 that is, in turn, connected to a further supply tube 47
having a quick connect mechanism 44 for connection to a radiator
port 22 or a transmission port 16, each adopted to connect with
connector 44. A drain tube 49 is shown connected to inlet port 40
on the lower end of tank 36 and includes a check valve 50 which is,
in turn, connected to another sight glass 51 which is connected to
a further drain tube 52 having a connector 43 at its end and
adapted for connection to port 22 on radiator 20 or port 16 on
transmission 10. Check valve 50 is oriented to permit the flow of
used fluid through drain tube 52, sight glass 51, check valve 50,
and drain tube 49 to inlet port 40 on the lower end of tank 36. The
upper portion of tank 36 is designated as a fresh supply tank A and
the lower portion is designated as a used fluid receiver B.
[0040] In FIG. 4, a fresh fluid tank 61 and a used fluid tank 71
are shown mounted upon cart 42 and are connectable, respectively,
to ports 22 or 16 on radiator 20 and transmission 10, depending
upon the direction of fluid flow in the line from transmission 10
through inlet port 16 to outlet port 22 on radiator 20.
[0041] Tank 61 includes a filler tube 62 and an outlet 63 disposed
at the top end. A fresh fluid supply tube 64 extends downwardly
into tank 61 to a point near its bottom and tank 61 has been
designated with the reference character A to indicate it is a
source of fresh, clean transmission fluid. The top of tank 61 is
connected to a quick release mechanism 65 which is, in turn,
connected to the lower end of a shrouded pass through T 66 and it
may be seen that tube 64 extends upwardly to supply tube 45 through
the interior of shrouded T 66 and the interior of shrouded T 66 is
in fluid communication with the upper end of tank 61.
[0042] Tank 71 is provided with an inlet port 72 at its upper end
and a drain port 73 at its lower end. A drain tube 74 extends
downwardly into tank 71 although it need not extend for any
particular distance. A quick connect mechanism 75 is connected to
the upper end of inlet port 72 and to the lower end of shrouded and
pass through T 76. The upper end of tube 74 extends upwardly to
connection with drain tube 49. A T 79 is shown between the side
outlets on shrouded Ts 66 and 76 through tubes 80 and 81. The upper
end of T 79 is connected to a further T 82 which has a gauge 83
disposed at one outlet and a Schrader valve 84 connectable to an
air hose 85 which is connected to the output of an air regulator 86
connected to a source of air under pressure 87. Tanks 61 and 71 are
supported through a bracket means 68, the entire assemblage being
suitably disposed upon the top of wheeled cart 42.
[0043] FIG. 5 illustrates a means of determining the pressure
existing intermediate outlet port on radiator 20 and inlet port 16
on transmission 10 and includes a T 55 that are connected to quick
connectors 43 and 44 and sight glasses 46 and 51 through tubes 58
and 57 respectively. A suitable outer gauge 56 is shown connected
to the other port on T 55.
[0044] It may now be appreciated that the expended, dirty fluid is
drained as substantially the same rate as clean, fresh fluid is
added. It is anticipated that substantially the same results may be
obtained by, for example, replacing shrouded Ts 66 and 76 with
appropriate flow controllers, the operation of which may be
synchronized. In any event, the limiting of the flow of the used
fluid to a drain waste receiver is typically limited to
establishing and retaining a back pressure of substantially the
internal pump pressure of the transmission undergoing a fluid
replacing operation. In the embodiment of FIG. 6, tank 61 is
connected to a source of air under pressure through a regulator 86,
the output of which is connected to tube 78 (not shown) which is,
in turn, connected to gauge 77 and to tube 81, through shrouded T
66 and quick connect 65 to the top of tank 61. Tank 71 is left
connected to the regulated source of air under pressure through
tube 85, connector 84, tube 80, shrouded T 76, and connector 75 to
the top of tank 71.
OPERATION OF THE ILLUSTRATED EMBODIMENTS
[0045] Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4 of the drawings, when a
transmission 10 has been designated for a periodic maintenance
procedure, the preliminary operations customarily undertaken
include an inspection of the filter by removal of the fluid pan,
inspection of the fluid therein to determine the wear and
conditions to which the transmission has been subjected and then a
complete renewal of the fluid for the entire transmission with
clean fresh fluid after the filter has been renewed and the pan
reinstalled. This is accomplished in the embodiment of FIG. 3 by
providing quick disconnect fittings in one of the two fluid lines
extending from a transmission to an external fluid cooler, such as
the radiator on an automobile, and providing suitable connects to
drain tube 52 and supply tube 47 for tank 36. Tank 36 has
previously been completely drained of old fluid in the lower
portion and filled with clean fresh fluid with the upper portion.
After the proper connections have been made, the automobile is
suitably chocked, braked, and the engine started and the
transmission placed in drive. This causes the pump in the
transmission to pump fluid to the outlet and inlet ports for
circulating the fluid from the transmission to the fluid cooling
means and, since tank 36 is connected in series with one of the
fluid lines, fluid will be pumped into drain line 52, through sight
glass 51 and check valve 50 to drain line 49 and into the lower
portion, B, of tank 36 to exert a force upon diaphragm 37 to cause
fresh clean fluid from the upper portion, A, of tank 36 to fluid
supply tube 45 through sight glass 46 and fluid supply tube 47 to
connector 44 and then to transmission 10. Since the pressure is
dictated by the pump in transmission 10, the used fluid will be
pumped into tank 36 as fresh clean fluid is returned to the
transmission from tank 36 at the normal pressure existing in
transmission 10. As the procedure is initiated, the used fluid in
sight glass 51 will have a substantially different appearance from
the clean fresh fluid passing through sight glass 46. When the
visual characteristics of the fluids passing through sight glasses
51 and 46 are substantially the same, the transmission is placed in
"park" (neutral), the engine is turned off and the procedure is now
complete in that all of the fluid now present in transmission 10
will be fresh clean fluid which may then serve its lubricating,
cleansing, maintenance and rehabilitation functions within
transmission 10. Experience has shown that many malfunctioning
transmissions which had been subjected to filter changing and
limited fluid changing continued to malfunction. However, through
applying the principles of my invention to provide a complete new
charge of fresh, clean transmission fluid, many such malfunctioning
transmissions were observed to regain their original operational
characteristics.
[0046] In practicing the principles and apparatus of FIGS. 4 and 5,
the pressure existing in intermediate outlet 22 on radiator 20 and
inlet 16 on transmission 10 is determined by providing the
appropriate quick connect-disconnect fittings thereon and inserting
the apparatus of FIG. 5 in between the ports, energizing the
transmission, putting it in gear, and idle and determining the
pressure existing and the flow direction in that part of the
system. The device is then disconnected and the apparatus of FIG. 4
substituted, taking into account direction of flow, as the flow
direction in any given transmission installation may be reversed
from that illustrated in my drawings and, it will be seen that my
apparatus be connected up properly to receive used fluid and to
supply clean, fresh fluid in the right amounts and at the right
locations. Assuming the direction of flow is out of outlet 22 on
radiator 20 and into inlet 16 on transmission 10, connector 43 is
connected to outlet 22 and connector 44 is connected to inlet 16.
The transmission is de-energized or shut off at this time and air
under pressure is introduced through air tube 85 and Schrader valve
84 to charge my fluid changing apparatus to the pressure of the
particular transmission. It is assumed, that tank 71 has been
emptied by the opening of the valve to its drain port 73 and that
tank 61 has been filled with fresh fluid through inlet 62. At this
time, the valve in fluid supply line 45 is closed and check valve
51 is operable to prevent reverse flow of any fluid that may be
present in tank 71 so that the two tanks and their interconnection
through T 79 are effectively isolated from the atmosphere and the
remainder of the system and air, at the pressure of the normal
transmission operation as determined in the previous step, is free
to circulate intermediate the tops of tanks 61 and 71 through the
connections extending from T 79.
[0047] My system is now ready for a renewing or replacing of the
fluid in a transmission. The automobile engine is again started and
caused to run at idle and the transmission is placed in gear while
the car is suitably chocked and braked and the valve on supply tube
45 is opened. Used, dirty transmission fluid will flow into tube 52
through check valve 51 and into the bottom of tank 71 and
simultaneously the air disposed in tank 71 will be drive to the top
of tank 61 so that it may cause the fluid of supply A to move
upwardly through supply tube 64, sight glass 46, supply tube 47 and
to inlet 16 on transmission 10 through quick connector 44. The
process will continue until the fluid flowing through sight glasses
61 and 46 assumes substantially the same appearance at which point
the operator will realize that the fluid has been completely
renewed or replaced, the automobile engine turned off, the
transmission returned to the "park" (neutral) position and the
apparatus may then be disconnected. The used, dirty fluid B may
then be discharged through port 73 on tank 71 and clean fresh fluid
A may be placed in tank 61 through inlet 62 and the apparatus is
ready for another fluid replacing procedure.
[0048] In the operation of the embodiment of FIG. 6, the direct
connection intermediate tanks 61 and 71 has been replaced by
independent connections to a source or sources of air under
pressure 87 so that the top of tank 71 may be supplied with air
under pressure which further controls through the operation of a
relief valve 70 connected through T 79 to the top of tank 71 so as
to maintain a constant pressure no greater than the pressure that
may be supplied from the source of air under pressure or relief of
valve 86. In this manner, as tank 71 is filled with used fluid, the
pressure will not rise and the flow will remain substantially that
caused by the pressure of the internal pressure of transmission
10.
[0049] In summary, my method is accomplished by interrupting a line
extending from a transmission body to a fluid cooler; measuring the
fluid flow characteristics as by direction and rate or the like;
restricting the flow of used fluid to the normal rate as the fluid
is permitted to drain from the line to a receptacle; and adding
fresh fluid into the line to the transmission at the same flow
rate.
[0050] FIGS. 7-9 illustrate additional embodiments of an automatic
transmission fluid exchange system 120 according to the present
invention. FIG. 7 is a representative illustration of a complete
fluid exchange system 120 as it is typically positioned with
respect to a vehicle being serviced. Complete fluid exchange system
120 is interconnected via a pair of interchangeable input/output
hoses (an input/output hose 104 and an input/output hose 105) to a
vehicle 107 being serviced which has an automatic transmission
109.
[0051] Hoses 104 & 105 are connected to either side opened
cooling circuit (not shown) of vehicle 107 which connects to and
runs through a transmission cooler 111 which is an integral part of
a radiator 113. This is done by making random connection to a pair
of quick connect stems (a quick connect stem 110 and a quick
connect stem 112) which have been interconnected to the cooling
circuit. A pan access tube 115 has been inserted down into a
transmission pan 119 via a transmission dipstick/filler tube 118. A
used fluid receptacle 121 is used to receive the used fluid
extracted from transmission 109 by the complete total fluid
exchanger 120. A fresh fluid receptacle 123 is used to supply the
fresh fluid which the Invention will introduce into transmission
109. Receptacle 123 is also used to supply the fresh fluid to pan
119 from a pan access tube 115 in the second embodiment illustrated
in FIG. 9. A control panel 125 is located on the front top of the
complete fluid exchange system 120.
[0052] FIG. 8 is an illustration of the embodiment of the complete
fluid exchange system 120 which is randomly interconnected to both
sides of an opened fluid cooling circuit 127/111/129, designated as
127/111/29 because before being opened it is comprised of a cooling
outlet line 127, a transmission fluid cooler 111 inside a radiator
113 and a cooling return line 129, each of which form together a
connected, complete cooling circuit of transmission 109.
Input/output hoses 104 & 105 are shown interconnected to both
sides of cooling circuit 17/11/129. Hose 104 is connected to line
129 at connector 130, through stem 110 which is connected to hose
104 by quick connector 114. Stem 110 is connected to the end of
line 129 at connector 130 after connector 130 has been disconnected
from a port 128 of cooler 111 (as an alternative choice, a port 126
of cooler 111 can be disconnected for the interconnection location
if preferred by the operator). Hose 105 is connected to line 127
through stem 112 which is connected to hose 105 by quick connector
116 which is connected to opened port 128 of cooler 111, thereby
connecting hose 105 to a transmission cooler 111 located in
radiator 113. Input/output hoses 104 & 105 are connected to two
different ports, one each, of a flow alignment valve 145.
[0053] One end of pan access tube 115 is connected to an auxiliary
pump suction port 134 of an auxiliary pump assembly 135 with the
other end of tube 115 inserted down dipstick/filler tube 118 into
and down to the bottom of pan 119. Auxiliary pump 135 can be
activated by an electric power supply switch 196, and when
activated pump 135 delivers low pressure to pan access tube 115,
causing used fluid to flow through tube 115 to enter suction port
134 and to be pumped out of an outlet port 138 of pump 135 into an
outlet line 137 of pump 135. Outlet line 137 is connected to outlet
port 138 at one end and connected to a check valve 139 at the other
end. A three port used fluid delivery line 193 connects check valve
139 to a fluid clarity sensor 181 and to the downstream side of an
adjustable relief valve 191.
[0054] A used fluid delivery line 194 connects clarity sensor 181
to a quick connector 141 which connects line 194 to a used fluid
delivery line 143 which carries the used fluid extracted from the
transmission into used fluid receptacle 121.
[0055] Used fluid receptacle 121 has an opening with a closure 197
and a vent tube 195. Receptacle 121 has volume level indicating
marks numbered in quarts (not shown). Input/output lines 104 &
105 are connected to flow alignment valve 145 which is shown in
simple terms but can exist in many different forms without
departing from the basic principle or art.
[0056] A used fluid delivery line 192 connects one port of a main
on-off valve 149 to an adjustable relief valve 191. (Main valve 149
is a combination, multi-port, two-position flow direction selector
valve-ports are not shown numbered specifically.) A fluid delivery
line 147 is connects one port of main valve 149 to one port of flow
alignment valve 145. Fresh fluid receptacle 123 is connected to a
suction tube 169 which is in turn connected by a quick connector
173 to a fresh fluid suction line 171 which is connected to a
suction port 170 of a main pump 165. An opening with closure 176
and a vent tube 178 is provided to fresh fluid receptacle 123.
Receptacle 123 has volume indicating marks present similar to used
fluid receptacle 121, but reversed to illustrate quarts of used
fluid deposited (marks not shown).
[0057] Main pump 165 can be activated by an electric power supply
switch 167, and when activated pumps fresh fluid through an outlet
port 164, into a fresh fluid delivery line 163 and through
adjustable flow regulator 161. A fresh fluid delivery line 159
connects regulator 161 to a combination rate of flow and total
volume of flow indicator/meter which indicates rate of flow and
volume of fresh flow delivered, a fresh fluid flow rate/totalizer
meter 157. Fresh fluid delivery line 151 connects meter 157 to main
valve 149. A fluid delivery line 147 connects one port of main
valve 149 to one port of flow alignment valve 145.
[0058] A used fluid delivery line 183 connects one port of main
valve 149 to a bidirectional combination indicator/meter which
indicates direction of used flow, rate of used flow, and total
volume of used flow, a used flow rate/totalizer meter 177. A used
fluid delivery line 175 connects meter 177 to one port of flow
alignment valve 145. A three port used fluid bypass line 185
connects two ports of main valve 149 with a sample tap 187.
DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION OF THE EMBODIMENT ILLUSTRATED IN FIG.
8
[0059] To initiate the use of the invention, used fluid receptacle
121 is emptied through an opening with closure 197 after
disconnecting connector 141 and then reconnected to connector 141
so that an empty receptacle is available to receive the used fluid
extracted from the transmission 109 being serviced. Fresh fluid
receptacle 123 is filled through an opening in closure 176 while in
place, but receptacle 123 can be removed by disconnecting it at
connector 173 to fill it, and then replacing it in position in the
complete fluid exchanger system 120 (FIG. 7) and reconnecting
connector 173. In heavy duty or fleet applications, it is
commercially useful to connect the invention to receptacles much
larger than receptacles 121 & 123, but because the operating
principles remain the same, it should be considered an extension of
this same art and practice.
[0060] The cooling circuit 127/111/29 is opened at port 128 where
line 129 is connected to cooler 111. The operator's selection of
the location to open cooling circuit 127/111/29 at port 128 is
random and made at the preference of the operator as a matter of
ease and convenience. There are a number of other areas circuit
127/111/29 is suitable for opening, including connection 126.
[0061] Stem 112 is connected to the outlet side of the opened
cooling circuit, outlet line 127 by connecting it to port 128 of
cooler 111 and stem 110 is connected to the inlet side of the
opened cooling circuit by connecting it to connector 130 of cooling
return line 129. The invention's input/output hoses 104 & 105
are randomly connected to the opened cooling circuit 127/111/129,
but in this illustration for sake of example input/output hose 104
is connected to cooling return line 129 through stem 110, and
input/output hose 105 is connected to cooling outlet line 127
thought cooler 111 and stem 112. Pan access tube 115 has been
inserted directly into the bottom of pan 119 by pushing it down
dipstick/filler tube 118.
[0062] The invention is now ready to be operated. The vehicle is
started and run with the transmission in park and the fluid level
of pan 119 is checked and corrected if out of the range desired.
The used fluid contained in transmission 109 is now circulating
through cooling line 127 into hose 105 through stem 106 which is
connected to hose 105 by quick connector 116 and into the
invention, through the invention, and out of the complete fluid
exchanger 120 (FIG. 7) and back through hose 104 and into the
cooling return line 129 as the complete fluid exchanger 120 (FIG.
7) functions in an Off/bypass mode with the transmission operating
in park (indicated with dotted lines at main valve 49). The used
fluid flows from line 127 to hose 105 to flow alignment valve 145,
through valve 145 into line 175 to used meter 177.
[0063] The used fluid from hose 105 then flows from meter 177
through line 183 to main valve 149, through main valve 149 and into
bypass line 185 and back through valve 149 to line 147, through
line 147 to alignment valve 145, through alignment valve 145 to
input/output hose 104, and through quick connector 114, through
stem 110 and into cooling return line 129 which carries the used
fluid back into transmission 109.
[0064] Flow alignment valve 145 is controlled in response to the
direction of flow indicated at meter 177. Flow alignment valve 145
is a two position flow direction selector valve which switches
direction of flow between lines connecting valve 145 and main valve
149, thus providing the capability to randomly connect the
input/outlet hoses 104 & 105 to either side of opened cooling
circuit 127/111/29. Alignment valve 145 permits quick alignment of
the direction of flow in cooling circuit 127/111/29 with the
direction of flow in the two main subsystems, the used fluid
extraction system and the fresh fluid introduction system which are
contained in the complete fluid exchange system. In the embodiment
illustrated in FIG. 8 valves 145 & 149 and used flow meter 177
are mechanically operated and can also be electrically operated,
microprocessor controlled, and electronically indicating. While
very sophisticated electronic microprocessor combinations can be
used to make the contents of the invention more compact, they
certainly retain the same principles or art utilized in FIG. 8 and
should not be considered significant variants of the novel art
presented herein.
[0065] Also, valves 145 & 149 as depicted in FIG. 8 are
illustrated in most basic form for simplicity of illustration.
Various other more dispersed variants comprised of multiple
solenoid or manually operated subunits can be utilized which
operate under the same principle of art when examined in unity, but
do not vary from the actual scope of what is illustrated in this
embodiment.
[0066] If the used fluid is flowing through cooling circuit
127/111/29 such that when randomly connected to the invention with
valve 149 in its Off/bypass mode (dotted line) meter 177 indicates
that the flow is not in alignment with the invention, then flow
alignment valve 145 is actuated to its second, alternate position
which institutes a flow alignment condition which is clearly
indicated at meter 177.
[0067] Meter 177 then indicates proper flow alignment, and also
indicates the rate of flow at which the used fluid is being
circulated through cooling circuit 127/111/29 as bypassed through
closed loop 185 and the operator makes note of this.
[0068] Because main valve 149 is in its Off/bypass position (dotted
lines), the used fluid passes only through the valve ports
connected to both sides of bypass line 185. The operator then uses
sample tap 187 to draw a sample of the used fluid circulating in
the cooling circuit into a clear sample vial to later give to the
vehicle's owner.
[0069] The engine is then turned off which inactivates transmission
109 placing it in a static mode. Electrical supply switch 196 is
then activated by the operator which activates auxiliary pump 135
which applies low pressure to the used fluid in pan 119 via tube
115. Tube 115 is a clear hose which allows the operator to visually
monitor the presence and approximate clarity (estimated degree of
non-contamination) of the used fluid which then is forced by air
pressure into line 115, through pump 135 and then deposited in used
receptacle 121.
[0070] The actual clarity of the used fluid being extracted is
indicated by clarity indicator 181, which in a microprocessor
operated embodiment, provides electronic indicating signals to the
microprocessor.
[0071] When the operator notices that the used fluid from pan 119
passing through tube 115 runs out and only air is being pushed
through the line by atmospheric air pressure, suggesting the pan is
near empty or empty, the operator activates electrical supply
switch 167 which activates main pump 165 which applies low pressure
to the fresh fluid contained in tank 123 through lines 171 &
169. This causes the fresh fluid to move into inlet port 170 of
pump 165 where pressure is applied to force it into line 163 and
all other lines down line from line 163 which will be connected to
it when main valve 149 is activated.
[0072] The operator then moves main valve 149 to in secondary or On
position (solid line) which allows the fresh fluid forced into line
163 by pump 165 to flow through flow regulator 161 through line 159
to flow meter 157, through line 151 to the main valve 149 to line
147, through line 147 to alignment valve 145, through alignment
valve 145 and to input/output hose 104 and then into the return
cooling line 129. As the fresh fluid now flows through the fresh
fluid introduction subsystem of the invention and into the return
side of the opened cooling circuit, it then flows to the internal
transmission components downstream to the return side of the
cooling circuit and eventually comes to rest in pan 119. As this
fresh fluid so flows, the operator adjusts flow regulator 161 such
that the rate of flow of fresh fluid approximately matches the rate
at which used fluid was measured at meter 177 to have been
circulating at in the cooling circuit when the invention was in
bypass mode with the transmission operating in park. After so
operating the invention for a brief period, the operator notices
that fluid begins to flow once again through tube 115 and later
begins to show clarity in tube 115 and at used clarity sensor 181,
suggesting that the return cooling line and its downstream
components and circuits have been flushed and purged into pan 109.
As the fluid now moving through tube 115 reaches clarity, the
operator inactivates main valve 149 by moving its selector to the
alternate Off/bypass position, which leaves pump 165 on, but not
delivering fresh fluid into transmission 109 because main valve 149
now has closed fresh fluid delivery line 151 (this will not harm
the pump because it has an internal relief/unloader system designed
to protect it during these times of running and not delivering
fresh fluid into transmission 109).
[0073] The operator then examines the volume indicating marks of
both receptacles 121 & 123 (not shown specifically) and
subtracts the approximate volume of fresh fluid delivered from the
used fluid received to calculate the approximate volume of
additional fresh fluid that must now be pumped into pan 119 through
the cooling return line 129 in order to fill it to its normal
operating level so the dynamic part of the complete fluid exchange
can be instituted. The operator again activates valve 149 (with the
transmission still not operating) and continues adding fresh fluid
to pan 119 through cooling return line 129 until the additional
calculated amount has been introduced into the pan as indicated on
fresh receptacle 123 by its volume indicating marks. Main valve 149
is now moved to its Off/bypass mode position once again.
[0074] The static part of the complete fluid exchange has been
completed. The return cooling line 127 and its downstream circuits
and components including pan 119 have been flushed, purged, cleaned
and then refilled and left holding fresh fluid. Pan 119 is now
filled with the proper amount of fresh fluid. Now the operator is
ready to institute the dynamic part of the complete fluid
exchange.
[0075] The vehicle is now started and idled with the transmission
109 placed in park and main valve 149 is simultaneously activated
by moving it to its On position which begins the dynamic part of
the complete fluid exchange in which fresh fluid is pumped from
receptacle 123 into return cooling line 129 and used fluid is
extracted out of cooling outlet line 127 from the transmission
components which were not already flushed, purged, cleaned and
refilled during the static part of the complete fluid exchange.
[0076] As main valve 149 is activated, adjustable relief valve 191
is quickly calibrated to cause the rate of flow of used fluid to
approximate the rate of flow of fresh fluid as indicated at fresh
flow indicator 177, and an approximate balance between the rate at
which fresh fluid flows into transmission 109 at and the rate that
used fluid flows out of transmission 109 at now occurs. That is,
fresh fluid is now being introduced into cooling return line 129 at
essentially the same approximate rate that used fluid is being
extracted from cooling outlet line 127.
[0077] The complete fluid exchange is continued at this essentially
balanced rate of fluid exchange until clarity sensor 181 indicates
that the fluid being extracted from cooling outlet line 127 is now
substantially as clean as fresh fluid which confirms that
essentially all of the fluid circulating in the transmission is
fresh now. This also indicates that the transmission has been
completely flushed, purged, cleaned and refilled with fresh
fluid.
[0078] When the desired clarity of the fluid being extracted from
cooling outlet line 127 is attained as indicated by sensor 181, the
main valve is inactivated, again placing the invention in its
Off/bypass mode and the final fluid sample is taken at tap 187 by
the operator who will give it and the first sample to the vehicle
owner or customer.
[0079] The complete fluid exchange system 120 (FIG. 7) is now
turned off (even when off it will still allow the transmission's
fluid to pass through its input/output hoses 104 & 105 in
either direction, unobstructed). Then the vehicle is turned off as
well.
[0080] The operator can examine the volume indicating marks on
fresh receptacle 123 which will indicate just how much fresh fluid
was used for purposes of billing the vehicle's owner and for
maintaining inventory control of fresh fluid supplies.
[0081] Input/output hoses 104 & 105 are now disconnected at
quick connectors 114 & 116. Stems 110 & 112 are then
disconnected from both sides of the opened cooling circuit at port
128 and connection 130. Cooling return line 129 is then reconnected
to port 128 at connection 130 to close the previously opened
cooling system 127/111/29.
[0082] The vehicle is now started with the transmission in park and
the operator checks the cooling circuit for any leaks should the
connections not be secure. The operator then checks the fluid level
of the transmission by use of the dipstick (not shown) inserted in
dipstick/filler tube 118. The Complete Fluid Exchange as instituted
by use of the first embodiment as illustrated in FIG. 8 is now
finished.
[0083] FIG. 9 is an illustration of another preferred embodiment of
the Invention, the complete fluid exchange system which like the
embodiment illustrated in FIG. 8, has been randomly interconnected
to both sides of the opened cooling circuit comprised of cooling
outlet line 127, transmission 111 inside radiator 113 and cooling
return line 129, each of which form together as connected, the
complete cooling circuit 127/111/29 of transmission 109. Both
embodiments share most of the integral components and/or means
utilized. The second and preferred embodiment is electrically
powered and electronically controlled by a microprocessor system
provided with suitable software. The microprocessor receives
electronic indicating signals from electronically indicating
sensors and meters, processes them according to the software
specifications and then elicits electronic command signals to
individual components which are electronically controlled and
electrically powered. The specific wiring harness, microprocessor
parts, circuits and connectors are not included in FIG. 9 for sake
of brevity and because they are quite basic to their art. Lack of
specific inclusion of all microcircuit diagrams, which are
microscopic, and lack of inclusion of all wiring, connection and
power supply specifies should not be construed to limit the scope
of the novel art inclusive to this embodiment.
[0084] Input/output lines 104 & 105 are shown interconnected to
both sides of the cooling circuit comprised of 127 & 129 with
line 104 connected to line 129 via stem 110 which is connected to
the end of line 129 which was disconnected from port 128. Line 105
is connected to line 127 via stem 112 which is connected opened
port 128 which also at the same time connects line 105 to a cooler
111 located in radiator 113. One end of pan access tube 115 is
connected to the one port of an auxiliary three way valve 200 and
the other end of tube 115 has been inserted down dipstick/filler
tube 118 and to the bottom of pan 119.
[0085] A three port used fluid delivery line 189 connects a
combination used fluid flow rate/totalizer meter 121 to one port of
main valve 149 and to one port of the auxiliary valve 200. A three
port used fluid delivery line 190 connects meter 221 to a check
valve 217 and to port 134 of auxiliary pump 135. Pump 135 has an
outlet port 138 which is connected to a three port used fluid
delivery line 137 which connects port 138 to check valve 217 and to
a fluid clarity sensor 181. A used fluid delivery line 194 connects
clarity sensor 181 to connector 141 which is connected to a used
fluid delivery line 143 which extends into a used reservoir 121.
Used reservoir 121 is provided with opening with closure 197 and
vent tube 195. A used fluid delivery line 175 connects flow
alignment valve 145 to a combination flow direction, rate of flow
meter 219 which is connected to main valve 149 by a used fluid
delivery line 179.
[0086] Input/output hoses 104 & 105 are connected to a flow
alignment valve 145 which is shown in simple terms but can exist in
many different forms or combinations without departing from the
basic principle or art. There are many different ways to organize
smaller solenoid valves and similar means to attain the same
principles of novel art contained in this embodiment and it should
be assumed that it is not necessary to list every single
alternative possible to define the spirit and method of such novel
art.
[0087] A fluid delivery line 147 is connected to one port of flow
alignment valve 145 at one end and to one port of main valve 149
which serves as a combination, two position, on/off valve with two
modes of operation. One mode results when main valve 149 is in the
Off/bypass position (dotted lines) where lines 247 and 279 are
connected together by a used fluid bypass line 185 which is also
connected to sample tap 187. The second mode results when main
valve 149 is in the On position (solid lines) where line 147 is
connected to line 202 and line 179 is connected to a 3 ported used
fluid delivery line 189.
[0088] Main valve 149 is shown in simple terms but can exist in
many different much more sophisticated, complex forms without
departing from the basic principle or art. The ports are not
numbered for sake of simplicity and due to common understanding of
one knowledgeable in the art.
[0089] Fresh fluid receptacle 123 is connected by suction tube 169
which is in turn connected by connector 173 to fresh fluid suction
tube 171 which transports fresh fluid into the inlet port 170 of
main fresh fluid pump 165. Opening with closure 176 and vent tube
178 is provided to fresh fluid receptacle 123. Main pump 165 is
electrically powered by a source energized by switch 167. Outlet
port 164 of pump 165 is connected to adjustable flow regulator 161
by a fresh fluid output delivery line 163. A fresh fluid delivery
line 159 connects adjustable flow regulator 161 to fresh fluid flow
rate/totalizer meter 157. Fresh flow meter 157 is connected by
fresh fluid delivery line 155 to a fluid proportioning valve 201,
which is comprised in this case of an adjustable relief valve which
has two ports. One port, the regulated port, is connected by a
fresh fluid delivery line 202 to one port of main valve 149. The
other port, the relieved port, is connected by a fresh fluid
delivery line 203 to a port on auxiliary valve 200.
[0090] Each of these valves is connected via a wiring harness to a
microprocessor system which receives electronic indicator signals,
and processes them according to the suitable software design
installed in the microprocessor assembly. The microprocessor
assembly, after processing indicator signals according to the
software design, then elicits electronic command signals to
appropriate valves and controls which are electronically activated
and electrically powered. In this manner, then, many of the
invention's operations are instituted.
[0091] It should be understood that if all of these valves and
indicators were strictly mechanical and manually operated instead
of electrically powered, electronically controlled and operated as
described in this embodiment, there would be no significant
difference in scope or function from the principles of novel art
utilized in this invention.
[0092] It should also be understood that there are many different
ways to pump fluid, that is, there are many different suitable ways
to apply pressure to fluid for purposes of forcing it through a
line and a number of ways to apply low pressure to the fluid in a
line such that atmospheric or air pressure will force it through
that line in the direction of the low pressure as intended. Pumping
systems can be powered by gravity, heat, electricity, fuel operated
motors, and other means. The actual means used to apply pressure or
low pressure to the fluid is not important, but it is the principle
of the art which is important as expressed in the overall function
of the pumping system and what it can attain. It should not be
construed that by not listing all possible specific pumping
possibilities by including numerous additional embodiments with
minor changes to illustrate them, that the scope of the art
illustrated in this embodiment is in any way limited by such
constraint which was exercised for sake of brevity.
[0093] All possible design layouts and similar combinations within
the scope of this novel art have not been included for the sake of
brevity. Minor changes in layout which do not significantly depart
from the spirit of this art should not be construed to be
significantly divergent.
[0094] To initiate the use of the invention, used fluid receptacle
121 is emptied through tank access cap 197 after disconnecting
connector 141 and then reconnected to connector 141 so that an
empty receptacle is available to receive the used fluid extracted
from the automatic transmission being serviced. Fresh fluid
receptacle 123 has been filled through tank access cap 176 with the
tank in place, but tank 123 could have been removed by
disconnecting it at quick connector 173, filling it and then
returning it into position in the invention (FIG. 7) and
reconnecting connector 173.
[0095] In heavy duty or fleet applications, the invention is hooked
up to much larger tanks in lieu of receptacles 121 & 123
respectively which do not require emptying at each service
operation, but only periodically after a substantial number of
services depending on the size of the receptacles. Since the
operating principles remain the same, such minor modifications
should be considered an extension of this same art and
practice.
[0096] Lines 127 & 129 which connected to a cooler 111 located
in the vehicle's radiator 113 comprise the cooling circuit and are
designated as 127/111/29. Cooling circuit 127/111/29 is opened at a
cooler port 128 by disconnecting cooling line 129 where line 129 is
connected to cooler 111. The selection of where to open the cooling
circuit 27/11/29 is made at the preference of the operator as a
matter of ease and convenience. There are a number of other areas
circuit 127/111/29 could be opened including connection 126.
[0097] Stem 110 is connected to the outlet side of the opened
cooling circuit 127 at connector 130 of line 129. Stem 112 is
connected to port 128 on 111. The invention's input/output hoses
104 & 105 are randomly connected to the opened cooling circuit
127/111/29, but in this illustration for sake of example are shown
as input/output hose 104 connected to cooling line 129 through stem
110, and input/output hose 105 connected to cooling outlet line 127
through cooler 111 and stem 112. Pan access tube 115 has been
inserted directly down into the bottom of pan 119 by pushing it
down dipstick/filler tube 118.
[0098] The invention is now ready to be operated. The vehicle is
started and run with the transmission in park and the fluid level
of pan 119 is checked. If it is not at the normal operating level
that is corrected. The invention is turned on by activating an
on/off power switch on the control panel which is not shown for
sake of brevity.
[0099] The used fluid contained in transmission 109 is now
circulated through cooling outlet line 127 into hose 105 into,
through and then out of the complete fluid exchanger system 120
(FIG. 7) and back through hose 104 and into the cooling return line
129 as the invention functions in an Off/bypass mode due to the
position that main valve 149 is in (as indicated by the dotted
lines).
[0100] The used fluid flows from hose 105 through flow alignment
valve 145 into line 175 which delivers it to meter 219 which
indicates that the used fluid is flowing in the correct direction,
and that the invention is in proper alignment with the direction of
flow in the cooling circuit. Meter 219 also indicates the rate at
which the used fluid is flowing through the cooling circuit which
has been reclosed by line 185 in combination with main valve 149
being in its Off/bypass mode. The used fluid now flows from meter
219 through line 179 to one port of main valve 149, through used
fluid bypass line 185, back through main valve 149 and out of valve
149 through line 147 to alignment valve 145 and into line 104 and
finally through cooling return line 129.
[0101] If the direction of flow in the cooling circuit was reversed
and not flowing in alignment with the complete fluid exchange
system 120 (FIG. 7) it would still flow through a closed loop
bypass which flows in and out of main valve 149 through bypass line
185, but meter 219 would indicate a non-alignment condition which
would automatically signal the microprocessor which would then
trigger a signal to an electric solenoid to move alignment valve
145 to its alternate position, thus establishing alignment between
the direction of flow in the cooling circuit of the vehicle being
serviced and the direction of flow within the invention as
indicated at meter 219. The direction of flow of the used fluid
through this closed loop is established by how each one of hoses
104 and 105 were selected to attach to each one of the stems 110 or
112. The invention allows for speedy random choice in making this
connection by the operator, an important commercial consideration.
FIG. 9 illustrates correct alignment for sake of illustration with
solid lines at valve 145.
[0102] The used fluid from the cooling outlet line 127 is now
flowing through the invention in the correct direction through
bypass line 185 and back into cooling return line 129. The operator
now takes a sample of the fluid from sample tap 187, running it
into a clear vial. This is the initial sample of fluid before the
complete fluid exchange is instituted and will be given to the
vehicle owner or customer along with the second sample that is
drawn after all of the fluid of transmission 109 has been changed
by the complete fluid exchange system 120 (FIG. 7).
[0103] Now that the sample is taken, the engine is then turned off
which inactivates transmission 109 placing it in a static mode. The
operator activates an electrical supply switch mounted on a control
panel 125 (see FIG. 7 for the location of the control panel,
details not shown) which activates the microprocessor which in turn
closed the power supply switch 195 thereby activating the auxiliary
pump 135 which applies low pressure to the used fluid in pan 119
via tube 115 through auxiliary Valve 200 which is at rest in its
off position (dotted line).
[0104] This application of low pressure into and through tube 115
results in the fluid contained in pan 119 moving up into tube 115
and through valve 200, through line 189 through meter 221 through
auxiliary pump 135 and out of pump 135 through line 137, through
clarity sensor 181 and through line 143 and into the used reservoir
121. When clarity sensor 181 indicates a lack of fluid clarity, the
microprocessor activates fresh fluid supply pump 165 by closing
electric supply switch 167 and activates main valve 149 placing it
in its On position (indicated by solid lines).
[0105] The activation of pump 165 with valve 149 results in fresh
fluid being forced from port 164 of pump 135 through line 163
through adjustable flow regulator 161, through line 159 through
meter 157, through line 155 to adjustable relief valve 201 (used as
a proportioning valve set to minimum line pressure necessary to
prevent starvation in line 29) and into line 102, through main
valve 149 to line 147, through alignment valve 145, to hose 104
which carries the fresh fluid into the cooling return line. This
fresh fluid flushes, purges, cleans and refills those down line
transmission components while simultaneously depositing the
diluted, mixture of clean and used fluid in the pan 119 (FIG. 7)
where it is forced out by atmospheric air pressure through tube 115
and into receptacle 121, while pump 135 is still running and
connected to tube 115. Proportioning valve 201 is a spring loaded
relief type valve which is set to keep a minimum pressure on the
return cooling line 129 in the range of 10-15 PSI, such that there
will not be any fluid starvation type conditions, or
overpressurization down-line which could damage downstream
transmission components. This valve is set such that the majority
of the fresh fluid being introduced into transmission 109 will be
through pan access tube 115 for most vehicles.
[0106] The mixed, diluted fluid from the down line components of
the cooling return line 129 is deposited and removed by tube 115 as
it is deposited in pan 119 (FIG. 7) with increasing clarity as time
passes. As soon as clarity sensor 181 indicates that the fluid
being extracted through tube 115 is essentially as clean as fresh
fluid, the microprocessor sends a command signal to turn off main
valve 149 and another signal to turn on the auxiliary valve 200
(solid line) such that it allows fresh fluid to be pumped into the
pan directly through tube 115 from pump 165 until the pan has been
filled. This amount has been calculated by the microprocessor based
on previous signal input from meter 221, which has indicated how
much fluid was extracted so far.
[0107] The microprocessor will move switch 167 to its Off position
when it receives a signal from fresh fluid totalizer meter 157 that
the same amount of fluid has been pumped out of fresh fluid
reservoir 123 that has been received in used fluid reservoir 121 as
indicated by meter 221. This result will cause a toned/lighted
signal to be given off by the microprocessor through an indicator
mounted on control panel 125 (FIG. 7, not specifically shown) to
signal the operator that the static part of the complete fluid
exchange is now complete and both pumps 165 & 135 are
deactivated. Now the operator is ready to institute the dynamic
part of the complete fluid exchange.
[0108] The vehicle is started and run with the transmission in
park. Meter 219 indicates to the microprocessor that used fluid is
flowing out of the cooling outlet line into used fluid bypass line
185 and this causes the microprocessor to send command signals
which simultaneously activate both pumps 165 & 135, and at the
same time move main valve 149 to its On position (solid line) and
also move auxiliary valve 200 to its On position (solid line). This
combination of signals cause fresh fluid to be pumped through hose
104 into the return cooling line 129 and through tube 115 directly
into the transmission pan, both simultaneously.
[0109] At the same time fresh fluid is being pumped into the
transmission at two different entry points (pan 119 and return
cooling line 129), auxiliary pump 119 is applying low pressure to
line 137 which increases the flow of used fluid out of the
transmission through cooling outlet line 127, especially in low
flow situations occasionally encountered with small foreign type
designed transmissions. This used fluid which is being pumped out
of transmission 109 through cooling outlet line 127, ending up in
used reservoir 121, is pumped out by force applied by transmission
109's own internal pump, added to the low pressure applied from
pump 135.
[0110] The rate at which used fluid is being extracted from the
cooling outlet line 127 and into used receptacle 121 is measured by
meter 221. The overall sum/total rate at which fresh fluid is being
pumped into the transmission through lines 115 and 129 is indicated
by meter 157. This rate is kept closely matched to the rate of used
fluid extraction as indicated by meter 221.
[0111] The balance maintained between the total amount of fresh
fluid introduced into the transmission (from both loci, pan access
tube 115 and hose 104) with the total amount of used fluid
extracted is based on the microprocessor's comparative processing
of indicating signals from meter 221 and meter 157. The
microprocessors command signals to adjustable flow regulator 161
places total fresh fluid flow at the desired levels during the
dynamic part of the complete fluid exchange.
[0112] This process of introducing fresh fluid at two different
loci into transmission 109 at an overall rate which is balanced to
the rate at which used fluid is being extracted continues until
clarity sensor 181 indicates that the used fluid being extracted
has the same essential clarity as fresh fluid.
[0113] At this point the microprocessor sends command signals to
deactivate both pump 165 and pump 135 and to move main valve 149
back to its Off/bypass position. This allows the fluid to now once
again circulate through bypass line 185. The operator now takes the
final fluid sample from tap 187 which has the same clarity of the
fluid circulating in the cooling circuit 127/111/29, which also has
the same essential clarity as the last volume of fluid which passed
through clarity sensor 181. The dynamic part of the Complete Fluid
Exchange is now over and the vehicle's engine is stopped.
[0114] Hoses 104 & 105 are now disconnected at connectors 114
& 116. Stems 110 & 112 are then disconnected from both
sides of the opened cooling circuit at port 128 and connector 130.
Cooling return line 129 is then reconnected to port 128 at
connector 130 to reclose the opened cooling system 127/111/29.
[0115] The vehicle is now started with the transmission in park and
the operator checks the cooling circuit for any leaks should the
connections not be secure. The operator then checks the fluid level
of the transmission by use of a dipstick (not shown) inserted in
dipstick/filler tube 118.
[0116] The complete fluid exchange as instituted by use of the
second embodiment as illustrated in FIG. 9 is now finished. The
operator turns off the Invention and moves it out of position so
that the vehicle can be moved. Periodically the microprocessor is
downloaded to monitor fresh fluid usage for purposes of inventory
control.
[0117] While my above description contains many specifics, these
should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the
invention, but rather as exemplification of two embodiments
thereof. For example, there are many similar ways to illustrate
certain of the device's valve and indicator functions as numerous
single entity components organized in more complex fashion while
functioning in the same overall manner as illustrated in my figures
and described in my specifications. These variants should not be
construed as significantly different from the novel art presented
in my specifications or claims but should be considered as a part
of this same novel art my device is based on. These many possible
small changes and alternative methods to express the same
principles of the novel art of my device are not important enough
to illustrate in the drawings. Accordingly, the scope of the
invention should be determined not by the embodiments illustrated,
but by the appended claims and their legal equivalents.
* * * * *