U.S. patent application number 09/256053 was filed with the patent office on 2001-11-29 for combination dump and spreader apparatus.
Invention is credited to CABALKA, DAVID ALAN, HOLLINRAKE, MARK STEPHEN, SCHENK, TIMOTHY RAY.
Application Number | 20010046432 09/256053 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 22970929 |
Filed Date | 2001-11-29 |
United States Patent
Application |
20010046432 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
HOLLINRAKE, MARK STEPHEN ;
et al. |
November 29, 2001 |
COMBINATION DUMP AND SPREADER APPARATUS
Abstract
A vehicle including a combination body for selectively dumping
and spreading materials. The vehicle includes, at least, a chassis
and a body pivotably secured to the chassis at a hinge. The body is
comprised of front and rear ends having upper and lower edges and
first and second side walls having lower edges. A hoist is provided
which extends between the body and the chassis for pivoting the
body about the hinge. A conveyor assembly is also included, the
assembly comprising an endless conveyor disposed adjacent to at
least a portion of the lower edges of the side walls and extending
beyond the rear end of the body; a tailgate pivotably connected to
the rear end of the body and having an opening therein to permit
material to be transported therethrough by the endless conveyor,
the tailgate being selectively pivotable with respect to the body
about a lower axis disposed adjacent the lower edge of the tailgate
or about an upper axis disposed adjacent the top edge of the
tailgate; a cover assembly extending rearwardly from the tailgate
which is pivotably attached to the tailgate at a pivot axis,
wherein the cover assembly rotates about the pivot axis upon
contact with the conveyor assembly when the tailgate pivots about
the lower axis; and a spreader cooperating with the conveyor
assembly for spreading the material.
Inventors: |
HOLLINRAKE, MARK STEPHEN;
(CEDAR RAPIDS, IA) ; SCHENK, TIMOTHY RAY;
(MANCHESTER, IA) ; CABALKA, DAVID ALAN;
(MANCHESTER, IA) |
Correspondence
Address: |
CHRISTOPHER T GRIFFITH
LEYDIG VOIT & MAYER LTD
TWO PRUDENTIAL PLAZA SUITE 4900
180 NORTH STETSON
CHICAGO
IL
606016780
|
Family ID: |
22970929 |
Appl. No.: |
09/256053 |
Filed: |
February 23, 1999 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
414/528 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B60P 1/16 20130101; B60P
3/30 20130101; B60P 1/38 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
414/528 |
International
Class: |
B60P 001/04 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A vehicle including a combination body for selectively dumping
and spreading materials, the vehicle comprising: a chassis; a body
pivotably secured to the chassis at a hinge, the body comprised of
front and rear ends having upper and lower edges and first and
second side walls having lower edges; a hoist extending between the
body and the chassis for pivoting the body about the hinge; a
conveyor assembly comprising an endless conveyor disposed adjacent
to at least a portion of the lower edges of the side walls and
extending beyond the rear end of the body; a tailgate pivotably
connected to the rear end of the body and having an opening therein
to permit material to be transported therethrough by the endless
conveyor, the tailgate being selectively pivotable with respect to
the body about a lower axis disposed adjacent the lower edge of the
tailgate or about an upper axis disposed adjacent the top edge of
the tailgate; and a cover assembly extending rearwardly from the
tailgate which is pivotably attached to the tailgate at a pivot
axis, wherein the cover assembly rotates about the pivot axis upon
contact with the conveyor assembly when the tailgate pivots about
the lower axis.
2. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein the pivot axis of the cover
assembly is located above the tailgate opening.
3. The vehicle of claim 2, the tailgate further comprising a latch
which is configured to maintain the cover in a fixed position after
the cover is moved to a position above the pivot axis.
4. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein at least one side wall comprises
upper and lower surfaces, wherein the upper surface is planar and
oriented in a substantially vertical position and the lower portion
is planar and extends upwardly from the bottom edge of the side
wall toward the upper surface at an angle of from about 10 degrees
to about 50 degrees from horizontal.
5. The vehicle of claim 4, wherein the lower surface of the at
least one side wall extends upwardly from the bottom edge of the
side wall at an angle of from about 15 degrees to about 30 degrees
from horizontal, the side wall further comprising a curved portion
intermediate to and joining the upper and lower portions of the
side wall.
6. A vehicle for selectively dumping and spreading materials, the
vehicle comprising: a chassis; a body pivotably secured to the
chassis at a hinge, the body having front and rear ends and first
and second side walls having bottom edges; a hoist extending
between the body and the chassis for pivoting the body about the
hinge; a conveyor assembly comprising a cross-conveyor located
adjacent the front end of the body having an upper outer surface
that extends along a cross-axis and an endless conveyor having an
upper surface disposed adjacent to at least a portion of the bottom
edges of the side walls, the upper surface of the endless conveyor
being located at substantially the same level as or lower than the
upper outer surface of the cross-conveyor.
7. The vehicle of claim 6, wherein the cross-conveyor comprises an
auger.
8. A vehicle for selectively dumping and spreading materials, the
vehicle comprising: a chassis; a body pivotably secured to the
chassis at a hinge, the body having front and rear ends and first
and second side walls having a bottom edge; a hoist extending
between the body and the chassis for pivoting the body about the
hinge; and a conveyor assembly comprising an endless conveyor
disposed adjacent to at least a portion of the bottom edges of the
side walls, the endless conveyor comprising an endless carrier
entrained around front and rear sprockets, at least three motor
mounts, wherein at least two of the at least three motor mounts are
located either adjacent the front or adjacent the rear of the
body.
9. The vehicle of claim 8, further comprising at least four motor
mounts, wherein at least two of the at least four motor mounts are
located adjacent the front of the body and at least two of the at
least four motor mounts are located adjacent the rear of the
body.
10. A vehicle including a combination body for selectively dumping
and spreading materials, the vehicle comprising: a chassis; a body
pivotably secured to the chassis at a hinge, the body comprised of
front and rear ends having upper and lower edges and first and
second side walls having lower edges; a hoist extending between the
body and the chassis for pivoting the body about the hinge; a
conveyor assembly comprising an endless conveyor disposed adjacent
to at least a portion of the lower edges of the side walls and
extending beyond the rear end of the body, the endless conveyor
having two sides; and a substantially horizontal surface extending
rearwardly from the rear end of the body and laterally from at
least one side of the portion of the endless conveyor that extends
beyond the rear end of the body.
11. The vehicle of claim 10, wherein the substantially horizontal
surface extends laterally from both sides of the endless conveyor
and provides support for that portion of the endless conveyor that
extends beyond the rear end of the body.
12. The vehicle of claim 12 further comprising at least one motor,
wherein the at least one motor is supported by the substantially
horizontal surface and is drivingly connected to the endless
conveyor.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates generally to a combination
dump and spreader apparatus which, when mounted onto a vehicle
chassis, provides for selective dumping and spreading of material
from the apparatus, advantageously granular material such as sand,
salt and the like, onto surfaces such as roadways.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Many types of vehicles are available with an apparatus
mounted thereon which provide for both the dumping and spreading of
material, such as sand, salt, gravel, asphalt and the like, onto a
surface. One type of apparatus which provides this dual
functionality is commonly referred to as a combination body.
Combination bodies are so named because they provide, in
combination, both dumping and spreading functions. Examples of
combination bodies are provided by U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,400,974 and
5,772,389.
[0003] In general, combination bodies are pivotally mounted onto
the chassis of a vehicle, typically a truck chassis. Although the
bodies can be mounted so as to pivot in one or more directions, the
most common mounting arrangement provides a hinge mechanism on the
rear of the body and a hydraulic cylinder on the front of the body,
wherein movement of the cylinder causes the body to pivot about the
rear hinge mechanism. This pivoting movement provides the bodies
with the ability to dump material from the rear of the bodies.
[0004] Conventional combination bodies further include a conveyor
system that transports material residing within the body out of the
body and into one or more spreaders mounted on the exterior of the
vehicle. Such conveyor systems typically include a longitudinal
endless conveyor located within the body that transports the
material from the front to the rear of the body or, alternatively,
from the rear to the front of the body. The former situation
typically results in a deposit of the material into a conventional
spreader mounted on the rear of the vehicle. In the latter
situation, however, the material is transported out of the front of
the body, through a gate, and onto another part of the conveyor
system--a cross-conveyor, mounted on the chassis, and located
adjacent the front of the body. The cross-conveyor in turn
transports the material laterally to the sides of the vehicle, and
deposits the material into conventional side-mounted spreaders.
When a cross-conveyor is included, the body is typically elevated
relative to the cross-conveyor, and thus the chassis, so the
material falls downward onto the cross-conveyor, this providing for
the complete transfer of material from the body to the
cross-conveyor.
[0005] The endless conveyor is typically driven by a permanently
mounted reversible motor located at either the front of the body,
or alternatively by two motors mounted at both the front and rear
of the body. An example of the latter arrangement is provided in
U.S. Pat. No. 5,400,974.
[0006] Conventional combination bodies also include a tailgate that
covers the rear of the body. As the tailgate is pivotally-mounted
at the upper corners of the body, the tailgate can pivot into an
open position when it is desired to utilize the dumping
functionality of the body. Certain tailgates are also
pivotally-mounted at the lower corners of the bodies, allowing the
tailgate to be lowered to assist in cleaning and rear loading.
[0007] The tailgates of those conventional bodies further include
at least one opening therethrough, with a second opening often
provided in the front of the body. The openings provide a means by
which the material, upon transport by the endless conveyor, can be
expelled from the front and the rear of the body. When spreading is
desired, one of both of the openings can be selectively opened or
closed by operation of a feed gate mounted so as to cover the
opening. The feed gate further provides a means for metering the
flow of material through the opening, and into the cross-conveyor
or rear-mounted spreader. Upon being expelled from the body through
the tailgate opening, the material is directed into the rear
spreader at least in part by a cover affixed to the tailgate.
[0008] Various cover designs have been utilized in combination
bodies. One common type extends forward, into the body itself, and
is designed to collapse when the tailgate is lowered. This type of
cover, however, has heretofore only been used in bodies wherein the
conveyor resides completely within the confines of the body.
Another type of cover extends rearwardly from and is affixed to the
tailgate. This cover, utilized in bodies wherein the endless
conveyor extends rearward of the tailgate, is located above and
adjacent to the tailgate opening, and is permanently affixed in
this position.
[0009] While existing combination dump and spreader bodies provide
many desirable features and advantages, there remain certain
problems with these combination bodies. For example, and as
mentioned previously, one type of combination body includes an
endless conveyor that extends beyond the tailgate. When such an
extended endless conveyor is utilized, any rearwardly-extending
cover that is affixed to the tailgate interferes with and precludes
the lowering of a tailgate that is pivotally-mounted at the lower
comers of the body. This lack of pivot capability along the lower
edge of the tailgate of these bodies interferes with rear loading
and clean-out of the body. While the forward-extending cover allows
the tailgate to be lowered, its design is complex, and its
forward-extending position does not adequately address the material
flow issues presented by an endless conveyor that extends rearward
of the tailgate.
[0010] In addition, the inclusion of a complex conveyor assembly
that includes both an endless conveyor and a cross-conveyor
typically requires the body to be mounted higher on the chassis as
compared to dump bodies without a cross-conveyor. While this
mounting arrangement provides for desired gravity feed of material
from the endless conveyor onto the cross-conveyor, this arrangement
also provides an the vehicle with a relatively high center of
gravity when compared to dump bodies with the same capacity but
without a cross-conveyor. Vehicles with a high center of gravity
are not desirable because of the associated adverse effect on
vehicle handling.
[0011] Another issue with conventional bodies is that there exists
no flexibility in adapting the conveyor drive mechanism to address
differences in customer needs, either during production or after
delivery.
[0012] In view of the foregoing, there exists various needs in the
art. One such need is for a combination body which provides both
the functionality of a cross-conveyor and a relatively low center
of gravity without unduly compromising the material holding volume.
A further need exists for a simple means by which conventional rear
loading and cleaning of a combination body can be undertaken when
the body includes an endless conveyor that protrudes beyond the
tailgate and a rearwardly-extending cover. An additional need is
for a combination body that provides for ready adaptation of the
conveyor system to meet changing customer requirements, both in the
manufacturing process and after delivery.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0013] The present invention addresses the foregoing and other
needs by providing a combination body for selectively dumping and
spreading materials. In one aspect of the present invention, there
is provided a vehicle including a combination body for selectively
dumping and spreading materials. The vehicle includes, at least, a
chassis and a body pivotably secured to the chassis at a hinge. The
body is comprised of front and rear ends having upper and lower
edges and first and second side walls having lower edges. A hoist
is provided which extends between the body and the chassis for
pivoting the body about the hinge. A conveyor assembly is also
included, the assembly comprising an endless conveyor disposed
adjacent to at least a portion of the lower edges of the side walls
and extending beyond the rear end of the body; a tailgate pivotably
connected to the rear end of the body and having an opening therein
to permit material to be transported therethrough by the endless
conveyor, the tailgate being selectively pivotable with respect to
the body about a lower axis disposed adjacent the lower edge of the
tailgate or about an upper axis disposed adjacent the top edge of
the tailgate; a cover assembly extending rearwardly from the
tailgate which is pivotably attached to the tailgate at a pivot
axis, wherein the cover assembly rotates about the pivot axis upon
contact with the conveyor assembly when the tailgate pivots about
the lower axis; and a spreader cooperating with the conveyor
assembly for spreading the material.
[0014] In another aspect of the present invention, a combination
body is provided with a conveyor assembly that comprises a
cross-conveyor located adjacent the front end of the aforesaid body
having an upper outer surface that extends along a cross-axis and
an endless conveyor having an upper surface disposed adjacent to at
least a portion of the bottom edges of the side walls. In this
aspect, the upper surface of the endless conveyor is located at
substantially the same level as or lower than the upper outer
surface of the cross-conveyor.
[0015] A further aspect of the present invention provides a
combination body with a conveyor assembly comprising an endless
conveyor disposed adjacent to at least a portion of the bottom edge
of each side wall, the endless conveyor comprising an endless
carrier entrained around front and rear sprockets, and at least
three positions which provide for the removable mounting of at
least one motor in any of those positions, wherein the at least one
motor, when so mounted, is drivingly connected to the
sprockets.
[0016] Yet another aspect of the present invention provides a
combination body having two side walls, wherein at least one of the
side walls comprises upper and lower surfaces. In this aspect, the
upper surface is planar and oriented in a substantially vertical
position and the lower portion is planar and extends upwardly from
the bottom edge of the side wall toward the upper surface at an
angle of from about 10 degrees to about 50 degrees from
horizontal.
[0017] The foregoing and other aims, objectives, and features of
the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed
description when reviewed in conjunction with the accompanying
drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] FIG. 1 is a side view of a combination body mounted onto a
vehicle in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present
invention.
[0019] FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view of the tailgate used in the
vehicle of FIG. 1.
[0020] FIG. 3 is an enlarged rear view of the tailgate shown in
FIG. 2.
[0021] FIG. 4 is an enlarged top view of the conveyor assembly used
in the vehicle of FIG. 1.
[0022] FIG. 5 is a side view of the conveyor assembly shown in FIG.
4.
[0023] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 4 taken about line
6-6 of FIG. 4.
[0024] FIG. 7 is a rear view of the vehicle shown in FIG. 1 with
the tailgate removed.
[0025] FIG. 8 is an alternative embodiment of the vehicle shown in
FIG. 7.
[0026] FIG. 9 is the same view as FIG. 1, but with the front of the
body in a raised position and the tailgate pivoted about an upper
axis.
[0027] FIG. 10 is the same view as FIG. 1, but with the tailgate in
a lowered position, having been pivoted about a lower axis.
[0028] FIG. 11 is another alternative embodiment of the vehicle
shown in FIG. 7.
[0029] While the invention is susceptible of various modifications
and alternative constructions, certain illustrative embodiments
thereof have been shown in the drawings and will be described below
in detail. It should be understood, however, that there is no
intention to limit the invention to the specific forms disclosed in
this written description. On the contrary, the intention is to
cover all modifications, alternative constructions and equivalents
falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by
the written description and appended claims.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
[0030] Referring to FIG. 1, a vehicle 20 having a combined dump and
spreader apparatus, also known as a combination body, for dumping
or spreading materials is illustrated in accordance with a
preferred embodiment of the present invention. The vehicle 20
includes a chassis 22 and a combination body 24 mounted onto the
vehicle chassis for holding materials. The body 24 has a front end
26, a rear end 28 and a pair of side walls 30, 32 extending
transversely therebetween. The body 24 is secured to the chassis 22
about a pivot axis 34 which extends perpendicular to the length of
the body 24. More specifically, the body 24 is connected to the
chassis 22 by a hinge 35 which allows for pivoting movement about
the pivot axis 34.
[0031] A tailgate 36 is provided at the rear end 28 of the body 24
and extends transversely between side walls 30, 32. The tailgate 36
is secured to the body 24 at an upper pivot axis 38 and a lower
pivot axis 40, both axes 38, 40 being perpendicular to the length
of the body 24. When the tailgate 36 is secured at both axes 38,
40, the tailgate 36 generally prevents material in the body 24 from
exiting the rear end 28 thereof. As will be explained in more
detail, the tailgate 36 may be released from the upper pivot axis
38 and pivoted about the lower pivot axis 40, thereby providing for
ease in cleaning and rear loading of the body. Alternatively, the
tailgate 36 may be released from the lower pivot axis 40 and
pivoted about the upper pivot axis 38 when dumping is desired. If
desired, the tailgate 36 may also be removed from the rear end 28
of the body 24.
[0032] To provide for the upper pivot axis 38, the tailgate 36
includes side support flanges 86 at its upper end that cooperate
with the side walls 30, 32 for securing the tailgate 36 on the rear
end 28 of the body 24. The support flanges 86 include holes 88 for
slidably receiving pins to pivotably connect the tailgate 36 to the
body 24 about the upper pivot axis 38. The tailgate 36 also
includes pins 92 affixed to its lower end that extend outwards
toward the side walls 30, 32. The pins 92 can be pivotably secured
to mounts 94 on the body 24 to provide for pivot movement about the
lower pivot axis 40 of the tailgate 36.
[0033] The vehicle 20 includes a hoist 42 which typically includes
a hydraulic cylinder 44 connected between the body 24 and the
chassis 22 at some point forward the pivot axis 34 of the body 24.
The hoist 42 is operable to pivot the front end 26 on the hinge 35
about the pivot axis 34 from a lowered position, as seen in FIG. 1,
to a raised position, as seen in FIG. 9. While the tailgate 36 may
remain secured during spreading, the pins 92 may be released prior
to or during movement of the body 24 to allow the tailgate 36 to
pivot about its upper pivot axis 38 to facilitate dumping of
material from the body 24 as seen in FIG. 9.
[0034] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 4-6, there is provided a conveyor
assembly 46 which includes an endless conveyor 56 on the floor of
the body 24 and a cross-conveyor 54. As depicted in these figures,
the endless conveyor 56 extends from the cross-conveyor 54 towards
and past the rear end 28 of the body 24 and tailgate 36. While the
endless conveyor can be provided in a variety of configurations,
including but not limited to an auger, the preferred embodiment is
illustrated and described herein.
[0035] In the preferred embodiment shown in the figures, the
endless conveyor 56 includes a carrier 60 entrained around front
and rear sprockets 62, 63. The carrier 60 further includes first
and second spaced apart parallel chains 64, 65 entrained directly
on respective sprockets 62, 63 and a plurality of slats or bars 66
extending transversely between the first and second chains 64, 65.
The bars 66 are configured to engage material in the body 24 and
carry the material towards the front end 26 or alternatively toward
the rear end 28 of the body 24.
[0036] In accordance with another aspect of the present invention,
and as best shown in FIG. 5, the body is provided with at least
three 69a, 69b, 69c, and advantageously at least four 69d,
positions which allow one or more motors 70 (or gearcase-motor
combination) to be removably mounted in any of the one or more
positions on the body. The provision of these positions, and the
provision for removable mounting of the motors, allows for ready
adaptation of the body to a variety of customer-requested
configurations, at the factory or at a customer's facility. For
example, and depending upon anticipated needs, a customer may
desire that the endless conveyor be driven only in the rearward
direction. In such a case, one or optionally two motors may be
removably mounted at the rear of the body. If that customer later
desires to either have the conveyor move forward only, or to both
the front and rear, one motor may be added to the front of the
body, or one of the rear mounted motors may be removed and located
at the front of the body. The provision of a variety of motor
mounts also provides manufacturing flexibility, wherein only one
body configuration need be provided regardless of the number of
motors desired by the customer. The removable mounting of the
motors may be accomplished by the use of any known fastening
device, with nut and bolt fastening being preferred.
[0037] When the motors are removably mounted in the aforedescribed
positions, they are drivingly connected to the front 62 and rear 63
sprockets of the endless conveyor 56. In the embodiment shown in
FIGS. 1 and 4-6, the endless conveyor 56 is driven by least one and
preferably at least two motors 71 mounted at the front of the body,
preferably adjacent 69a, 69d, the front sprocket 62, and at least
one and preferably at least two motors 70 mounted at the rear of
the body, preferably adjacent 69b, 69c, the rear sprocket 63 of the
endless conveyor 56. In this exemplary configuration, a controller
72 is connected to the front and rear motors 70, 71 for selectively
operating the motors 70, 71. The motors 70, 71 may include one or
more gearcases 68. In such a situation, the gearcase is in
mechanical engagement with the sprockets, with one or more motors
in turn being in mechanical engagement with a respective gearcase.
Direct drive motors may also be advantageously used to drive the
sprockets.
[0038] A controller 72 is also provided in this preferred
embodiment (see FIG. 4) for activating the front motors 71 to drive
the carrier 60 in one direction, preferably to the front end of the
body 24, and for activating the rear motors 70 to drive the carrier
60 in the opposite direction. Preferably, the controller 72
activates only one pair of motors at a time and, therefore, when
the front motors 71 are operating, the rear motors 70 are not
operating, and vice-versa. An alternative embodiment provides for
the activation of both front and rear motors simultaneously to
drive the carrier 60. One advantage of this mode of operation is
that the top 74 of the carrier 60 is always being pulled rather
than pushed, the former providing for more efficient powering of
the endless conveyor 56. This mode also assists in maintaining the
top 74 of the carrier 60 in tension. Adjustable tension devices 75
may be incorporated to provide for ready adjustment of the tension
in the carrier 60, thus maintaining efficient transfer of motion
from the motors to the sprockets and ultimately to the carrier
60.
[0039] Referring now to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the tailgate 36 has
slidably mounted thereon a feed gate 80 over the opening 58. The
feed gate 80 is selectively positioned by a control handle 82 to
control the size of the opening 58 in the tailgate 36. The feed
gate 80 may also close the opening 80 wherein the bottom edge 84 of
the tailgate rests on or is disposed just above the carrier 60. A
feed gate of similar function (not shown) may be provided at the
front of the body over an opening therein to provide a degree of
control over the expulsion of material from the front of the body
and onto the cross-conveyor.
[0040] FIGS. 1, 2 and 9 illustrate a rear exposed portion 76. This
rear portion includes what may be referred to as an asphalt lip 77
(see FIGS. 2 and 9) which extends generally substantially
horizontally rearward and below the tailgate 34, and a portion of
the endless conveyor 56 that projects out beyond the rear of the
body and beyond the tailgate 34. The asphalt lip has a variety of
functions, one of which, in the preferred embodiment, is the
provision of a platform onto which the rear removable motor mounts
may be located. It further provides a stable structure capable of
supporting the rear sprocket of the endless conveyor 56.
Advantageously, the lip 77 should extend at least six inches
rearward of the body, preferably at least about 12 inches, and most
preferably at least about 18 inches. It is further preferred that
the asphalt lip 77 extend rearward to at least the same extent as
the endless conveyor 56. The surface of the asphalt lip 77 will
typically slope downward no more than about 20.degree.,
advantageously no more than about 15.degree., and preferably no
more than about 10.degree., from horizontal to assist in the
removal of material from the body. Most preferably, the lip 77 will
slope no more than about 5.degree., and should be configured to
accommodate paving equipment.
[0041] The endless conveyor which forms part of the rear exposed
portion 76 may be located either below the lower edge of the
tailgate 36 or, preferably, pass through the opening 58 in the
tailgate 36. As shown in FIG. 1, a conventional rear mounted
spreader 96 may be supported by the body 24 or chassis 22. The
spreader 96 is preferably supported by the body 24, however, in
order to maintain the relative orientation between the body 24 and
spreader 96 when the body is raised while spreading. The spreader
is oriented to receive material that falls from the end of the
endless conveyor 56. In order to assist in properly positioning the
material on the endless conveyor as it leaves the tailgate opening,
and directing the material downwardly onto the rear spreader 96, a
cover 98 is secured to the tailgate 36. The cover 96 extends at
least partially over the portion of the endless conveyor 56 that
extends beyond the tailgate 34, and is preferably configured as
illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3 to assist in providing the foregoing
functions.
[0042] In accordance with another aspect of the present invention,
the cover 98 is pivotably connected to the tailgate 36. More
specifically, the cover 98 includes a pair of arms 104 that have
one end pivotably connected to the tailgate 36 for pivoting
movement about a pivot axis 105, and another end affixed to the
plate extension 100. As shown in the figures, the pivot axis 105 is
preferably disposed above the opening 58 in the tailgate 36, but
could be disposed in any location which provides for the
advantageous functions set forth herein. In this preferred
embodiment, the cover 98 can be pivoted about its pivot axis 105
from a down or lower position, as shown in FIG. 1, to an elevated
position, as shown in FIG. 10. As further shown in FIG. 10, the
cover 98 may be latched in the elevated position to the tailgate
38. While any latching mechanism may be used, the figure depicts
the cover 98 having a tab 106 that may be latched to an ear 108 on
the tailgate 36 by a pin and hole mechanism 110. In the lower
position, shown in FIG. 1, the cover 98 is generally held in place
by gravity, but could also be latched in place if desired. Upon
operation, the weight of the cover 98 is typically sufficient to
resist the force of the expelled material from the endless conveyor
56 such that the cover 98 stays in the lower position.
[0043] One important advantage of the pivoting cover 98 is that it
permits the tailgate 36 to be lowered from the closed position of
FIG. 1, to a lowered or open position as shown in FIG. 10, without
interference between the cover 98 and the endless conveyor 56. The
tailgate 36 may be held in this lowered position by chains 112 as
shown in FIG. 10. During pivoting movement from the closed position
shown in FIG. 1 to that in FIG. 10, the cover 98 will contact the
rear portion 76 of the endless conveyor 56 which causes the cover
98 to pivot out of the way of the rear portion 76. Preferably, the
cover 36 may be manually pivoted upward and latched to the tailgate
through the pin and hole mechanism 110 in that elevated position
before pivoting the tailgate 36 to the down position shown in FIG.
10.
[0044] Turning now to the conveyor assembly 46 as illustrated in
FIGS. 1 and 4-6, the assembly 46, which includes the endless
conveyor 56, may further include a cross-conveyor 54 extending
laterally outward toward the sides of the vehicle 20 along a
cross-axis 57, and function to deposit material into conventional
side-mounted spreaders 55. While the cross-conveyor 56 is
illustrated in these figures in its preferred form as an auger 120,
it may alternatively be provided in the form of a conventional
conveyor belt or chain system, with the top surface of the belt or
chain defining the upper outer surface of the cross-conveyor. The
cross-conveyor is preferably mounted onto the chassis 22.
[0045] The preferred auger 120 includes a central shaft 122
extending normal to the length of the body 24 journaled in bearings
124 for rotation. A helical screw 125 having an upper outer
perimeter, or outer surface, surrounds the periphery of the shaft
122 for engaging material and transporting material towards first
and second discharge ports 126, 128 at respective ends of the auger
120. While the screw 125 is shown as having the same hand threading
throughout for alternatively distributing material to the first and
second discharge ports 126, 128, it may also include opposing sets
of threads, one hand on each half of the shaft 122, for
simultaneously distributing material to both discharge ports 126,
128. Each discharge port 126, 128 is designed to feed material into
a side mounted spreader 55. The shaft 122 is coupled to a drive
motor 130 which powers the auger 120, the speed and, optionally the
direction, of the drive motor being selectively controllable by the
operator.
[0046] In accordance with another aspect of the present invention,
the upper surface of the endless conveyor 56 is located at
substantially the same vertical elevation or lower than the upper
outer surface of the cross-conveyor. The endless conveyor 56 is at
substantially the same level as the upper outer surface of the
cross-conveyor when a horizontal plane simultaneously intersects
both a portion of the cross-conveyor and a portion of the endless
conveyor 56. In the preferred auger embodiment, as depicted in FIG.
6, the upper outer surface of cross-conveyor is the outer
periphery, or top edge 132, of the helical screw 125 of the auger
120. In particular, and preferably, the outer top edge 132 is
preferably disposed above the bottom return side 134 of the carrier
60, and more preferably above the axis of rotation of the front
sprockets 62, while the top side 74 of the endless conveyor 56 is
preferably above the bottom edge 136 of the helical screw 125 of
the auger 120 and, more preferably, above the drive shaft 122 of
the auger 120. At least a portion of the cross-conveyor should be
disposed in relation to the body 24 to ensure the transfer of the
material from the interior of the body onto the cross-conveyor.
[0047] The foregoing configuration between the cross-conveyor and
endless conveyor advantageously provides for a center of gravity
that is relatively lower than existing bodies having both such
conveyors, without unduly sacrificing total body capacity. The
lower center of gravity provides the vehicle with better handling,
allowing the vehicle to make sharper turns at higher speeds than
existing bodies with the aforesaid two conveyors.
[0048] Extending outwardly from the outer edges 51, 52 of the
endless conveyor 56 are side walls 30, 32 of the body 24. These
side walls include upper portions 47, 48 that extend substantially
vertically upward (within about 10 degrees from vertical) and which
advantageously terminate in a boxed configuration, and lower
portions 49, 50 that extend from the upper portions downward and
inward toward the outer edges 51, 52 of the endless conveyor 56.
Although FIG. 7 illustrates side walls 30, 32 having an elliptical
configuration, these walls may alternatively be provided in other
curved or non-curved configurations. Examples of other side wall
configurations that may be utilized in combination with the various
aspects of the present invention include rectangular or square,
inclined, constant radius (i.e., circular or semi-circular), or
variable radius (e.g., elliptical) configurations. One example of
such an alternative is shown in FIG. 8. In this figure, the side
walls 30, 32 include intersecting upper 47, 48 and lower 49, 50
planar portions. FIG. 11 illustrates a further alternative
embodiment, wherein the upper 47, 48 and lower 49, 50 planar
portions of the side walls are joined by an intermediate curved
portion. When such planar portions are utilized in the side walls,
at least the lower portions are advantageously inclined from the
horizontal so as to provide at least some assistance in directing
the material in the body downward toward the endless conveyor 46.
Advantageously, the angle of inclination of the lower portion from
horizontal should be between about 10 and 50 degrees, and is
preferably between about 15 and 30 degrees. In any event, the
entirety of the side walls 30, 32 are configured to provide the
desired body capacity and durability, and to assist in directing
material in the body 24 inward toward the endless conveyor 56 to
facilitate spreading.
[0049] All of the references cited herein, including patents,
patent applications and publications are hereby incorporated in
their entireties by reference.
[0050] While this invention has been described with an emphasis
upon preferred embodiments, it will be obvious to those of ordinary
skill in the art that variations of the preferred embodiments may
be used and that it is intended that the invention may be practiced
otherwise than as specifically described herein. Accordingly, this
invention includes all modifications encompassed within the spirit
and the scope of the invention as defined by the following
claims.
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