U.S. patent application number 09/778875 was filed with the patent office on 2001-10-25 for novel composite pigment and cosmetics containing the same.
This patent application is currently assigned to Miyoshi Kasei, Inc.. Invention is credited to Horino, Masaakira, Nishizawa, Miwa.
Application Number | 20010032570 09/778875 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 26585272 |
Filed Date | 2001-10-25 |
United States Patent
Application |
20010032570 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Horino, Masaakira ; et
al. |
October 25, 2001 |
Novel composite pigment and cosmetics containing the same
Abstract
There is provided a composite pigment comprising a clay mineral
and an aluminum hydroxide that adheres to the surface of said clay
mineral, wherein said aluminum hydroxide contains an aluminum
hydroxide in the form of a cup with cover, the basal plane of which
adheres to the surface of said clay mineral, and preferably
contains such specified aluminum hydroxide as much as possible,
which shows excellent transparency, makes both the troubled
morphology of the skin such as, wrinkles, pore openings, hard
texture of the skin less noticeable, and the trouble color tone of
the skin such as, blemishes, freckles, and acne traces less
noticeable, when included in cosmetics, as well as having a
smoother feel and lesser color drabness, and makes the skin look
brighter, when compared to conventional products. When an aluminum
hydroxide layer is covered on the said composite pigment, or a
silicone surface treatment is placed on the said composite pigment,
the above-defined purpose of the present invention can be increased
to an even higher extent.
Inventors: |
Horino, Masaakira;
(Kanagawa, JP) ; Nishizawa, Miwa; (Saitama,
JP) |
Correspondence
Address: |
ARMSTRONG,WESTERMAN, HATTORI,
MCLELAND & NAUGHTON, LLP
1725 K STREET, NW, SUITE 1000
WASHINGTON
DC
20006
US
|
Assignee: |
Miyoshi Kasei, Inc.
Saitama
JP
|
Family ID: |
26585272 |
Appl. No.: |
09/778875 |
Filed: |
February 8, 2001 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
106/486 ;
106/483; 424/401; 424/682; 424/684; 428/403 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C01P 2004/62 20130101;
C01P 2004/03 20130101; C01P 2006/12 20130101; A61K 8/26 20130101;
C09C 1/42 20130101; C01P 2004/04 20130101; C01P 2004/12 20130101;
B82Y 30/00 20130101; C01P 2004/61 20130101; C01P 2006/62 20130101;
C01P 2004/64 20130101; C09C 1/407 20130101; C01P 2006/63 20130101;
C01P 2006/60 20130101; C01P 2006/64 20130101; Y10T 428/2991
20150115; A61Q 1/02 20130101; C01P 2004/32 20130101; A61K 2800/412
20130101; Y10S 514/844 20130101; A61K 8/11 20130101; C01P 2004/22
20130101; C01P 2006/90 20130101; C01P 2004/84 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
106/486 ;
106/483; 428/403; 424/401; 424/682; 424/684 |
International
Class: |
C04B 014/10; B32B
005/16; C09C 001/42; A61K 007/00; A61K 007/48 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Feb 14, 2000 |
JP |
2000-34766 |
Sep 1, 2000 |
JP |
2000-265026 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A composite pigment comprising a clay mineral and an aluminum
hydroxide that adheres to the surface of said clay mineral, wherein
said aluminum hydroxide contains an aluminum hydroxide in the form
of a cup with cover, the basal plane of which adheres to the
surface of said clay mineral.
2. The composite pigment as defined in claim 1, wherein said form
of a cup with cover contains one, where the top surface is somewhat
parallel to said cup basal plane, or has a somewhat curved shape,
which swells outward to resemble a somewhat muffin-like
structure.
3. The composite pigment as defined in claim 1, wherein said clay
mineral has particles with an average particle size of 0.2.about.50
.mu.m, or contains particles with a particle size of 0. 2.about.50
.mu.m.
4. The composite pigment as defined in claim 1, wherein said clay
mineral has particles with an average thickness of 0.05.about.1.5
.mu.m, or contains particles with a thickness of 0.05 .about.1.5
.mu.m.
5. The composite pigment as defined in claim 1, wherein the
substances in the said form of a cup with cover have an average
height range of 0.05.about.0.5 .mu.m from the top face to its basal
plane, or contains ones having a height range of 0.05 .about.0.5
.mu.m from the top face to its basal plane.
6. The composite pigment as defined in claim 1, wherein the
structures in said form of a cup with cover, contain ones having a
longitudinal cross-sectional shape, without the cover part, of a
reverse trapezoid, or a quadrangle, or any shape that resembles
these shapes.
7. The composite pigment as defined in claim 1, wherein said
aluminum hydroxide that adheres to the surface of said clay mineral
is comprised of particles that have an average particle size of
1.about.80 nm, or includes particles that have a particle size of
1.about.80 nm.
8. The composite pigment as defined in claim 1, wherein said clay
mineral has a refractive index of 1.40.about.1.80 or includes a
clay mineral with a refractive index of 1.40.about.1.80.
9. The composite pigment as defined in claim 1, wherein said
aluminum hydroxide that adheres to said clay mineral exists at a
range of 3.about.75 weight % of the entire weight of the clay
mineral to which said aluminum hydroxide adheres including said
aluminum hydroxide.
10. The composite pigment as defined in claim 1, further comprising
a layer for covering the surface of said aluminum hydroxide.
11. The composite pigment as defined in claim 10, wherein said
layer has an average thickness range of 0.001.about.0.5 .mu.m, or
includes one with a thickness range of 0.001.about.0.5 .mu.m.
12. The composite pigment as defined in claim 1 or 10, further
comprising a silicone surface treatment layer.
13. The composite pigment as defined in claim 1, wherein said
aluminum hydroxide in the said form of a cup with cover exists at
at least 30 weight % of the total aluminum hydroxide that adheres
to the surface of said clay mineral.
14. The composite pigment as defined in claim 1, wherein said
aluminum hydroxide in the said form of a cup with cover exists at
at least 30 weight % of the total aluminum hydroxide that adheres
to the surface of the clay mineral, adheres in the basal plane of
the cup to the surface of said clay mineral, and has an average
height, from its cover part to its basal plane, of 0.05.about.0.5
.mu.m.
15. The composite pigment as defined in claim 1, wherein the basal
plane of said aluminum hydroxide that adheres to the surface of
said clay mineral, occupies 3.about.95% of the total surface area
of said clay mineral.
16. Cosmetics, comprising the composite pigment as defined in any
one of claims 1.about.15 at a usage range of 1.about.100 weight %.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] 1. Field of the Invention
[0002] The present invention relates to a novel composite pigment,
which comprises an aluminum hydroxide-clay mineral composite
particle; in which said aluminum hydroxide of a specific structure
adheres to the particle surface of said clay mineral. Furthermore,
this invention relates to a composite pigment, that remarkably
hides the troubled morphology of the skin, such as wrinkles, pore
openings, hard texture of the skin, and at the same time,
remarkably hides the troubled color tone of the skin, such as
blemishes, freckles, and acne traces and the like, and compared to
conventional products, has a smoother finish on the skin and has
less color drabness, and is much more transparent and therefore
makes the skin look brighter, when used for the cosmetics, and also
relates to cosmetics, which contain the same.
[0003] 2. Description of the Related Art
[0004] Until now, there were many types of make-up formulations
that contained high concentrations of titanium dioxide, which had
high covering power, because of its opaqueness, in order to hide
the troubled color tone of the skin, such as blemishes, freckles,
and acne traces on the skin. These types of make-ups have some
effect on hiding the troubled color tone of the skin, but usually
have a completely reversed effect on hiding the troubled morphology
of the skin. Generally, it is thought that by hiding the troubled
color tone of the skin, the troubled morphology of the skin is also
hidden. However, there are overwhelmingly many cases, where when
only covering power is used, the troubled morphology is not only
unhidden, but actually makes the troubled morphology stand out.
From such facts, research has begun on ways to hide the troubled
skin morphology, aside from using high covering power.
[0005] In the Japanese Patent Kokai Publication JP-A-61-69708,
extender pigments for cosmetics, such as talc, kaolin, mica,
sericite and the like surface treated with acrylic resin has been
proposed, but when the acrylic resin surface treatment on the
extender pigment increased beyond 5%, the feeling worsened, and a
discomfort (pain) occurred on the skin, which made its use, at
levels that show some effect, very difficult. When used in large
quantities in dry powder formulations, troubled skin morphology is
hidden to some extent, however, this composite pigment has a defect
of blurring the contour of the face, because the powder scatters
diffused light from its surface, making the face look larger. Also,
composites of this type have a defect of making blemishes stand
out. In addition, when it gets wet by sebum and perspiration
secreted by the skin, it becomes completely transparent, thereby
negating the hiding effect of the troubled skin morphology.
[0006] In the Japanese Patent Kokai Publication JP-A-7-2619, mica
powder, which has excellent feel and pressability (formability),
and can substitute for sericite with small luster suitable for
cosmetics, is proposed. However, the reflection pattern of light of
this mica powder is greatly different from that of the skin
surface, and therefore does not create any skin-like texture,
producing a makeup that does not simulate the skin. In addition, a
reflection pattern is produced, which is similar to a specular
reflection, creating an unnatural gloss, and makes wrinkles stand
out.
[0007] In the Japanese Patent Kokai Publication JP-A-59-36160,
talc, which has the talc surface covered with metal hydroxide, has
been proposed. It is shown in this document that, the talc particle
has improved hydrophobicity on its surface, and has good dispersive
properties as an extender pigment, and when different types of
water-soluble metal compounds are used, colored talc pigment with
colored pigment properties, such as black, red, yellow, blue,
orange, etc., with good dispersive properties may be processed.
However, the following have not completely been shown: The hiding
effect of troubled morphology of the skin, and hiding effect of the
troubled color tone, smooth feeling and small color drabness, high
transparency, and an effect of making the skin look brighter. And,
by viewing the practical example of this document, the results of
the hiding effect of the troubled morphology of the skin and
troubled skin tone, show data that is not acceptable in terms of
our purpose of this invention.
[0008] In the Japanese Patent Kokai Publication JP-A-61-56258, talc
and sintered talc that is uniformly and perfectly covered on all
surfaces of the talc particle, by a metal hydroxide and/or a
composition which consists only of a metal oxide, can be processed
to any desired color, and has excellent pigment properties, such as
dispersiveness, is proposed. However, the following have not
completely been shown: The hiding effect of troubled morphology of
the skin and troubled color tone, and also smooth feeling and small
color drabness, high transparency, and an effect of making the skin
look brighter. And, by viewing the practical example of this
document, the results of the hiding effect of the troubled
morphology of the skin and troubled skin tone, show data that is
not acceptable in terms of our purpose of this invention as was
shown above.
[0009] In addition, in Japanese Patent Kokai Publication
JP-A-9-20609, a surface treated powder (the composite pigment) with
the covered structure of the inorganic metal hydroxide, which
covers the surface of a clay mineral contained in cosmetics, given
by the following (A), (B), (C) or (D), is proposed.
[0010] (A) A complex, which has a honeycomb structure, on top of a
film of inorganic metal hydroxide that covers the surface of a clay
mineral, formed with ultrafine particles (average particle size of
50.about.250 .ANG.).
[0011] (B) A complex, which has a film of inorganic metal hydroxide
that covers the surface of a clay mineral, formed with ultrafine
particles (average particle size of 50.about.250 .ANG.).
[0012] (C) A complex, which has a film of inorganic metal hydroxide
that covers the surface of a clay mineral, formed with ultrafine
particles (average particle size of 50.about.250 .ANG.), and a
honeycomb structure, intermingled within a film surface.
[0013] (D) A complex, which has particles of average particle size
0.08.about.0.8 .mu.m, embedded within the film of inorganic metal
hydroxide of ultrafine particles with an average particle size of
50.about.250 .ANG., that covers the surface of the clay
mineral.
[0014] When this composite pigment, has its honeycomb structure on
its external layer, the said structure makes the pigment have good
adhesion to the skin, because of its ability to entangle with the
corrugated surface of the skin, but the honeycomb structure will
inversely destroy the good feeling, which is generally required, of
cosmetics. Also, a complex, which has its external layer similarly
covered with ultrafine particles, will have a heavy drag and bad
extension on the skin, generally associated with ultrafine
particles themselves, and when used in quantities of over 5 weight
% in cosmetics, will drastically put a burden on the skin, and
thereby make it difficult to use in cosmetics in sufficient large
concentrations.
[0015] Over the past several years, sericite with good qualities
have become exhausted, and there seems to be a strong demand for a
material that can substitute for sericite. There has been some
material development on holding the luster of mica, by applying
friction to the surface of mica and making the surface corrugated,
but this in turn makes the mica have a heavy drag on the skin, and
the stability of the degree of luster, is very wide and its control
becomes very difficult. In addition, when the mica surface is
wetted by sebum and perspiration that is secreted by the skin over
time, the grayish-brown color that is representative of mica
becomes emphasized, and the desired makeup effect cannot be
obtained. Also, when the sebum and perspiration that the skin
secretes in excess covers and overlays the said ultrafine
corrugated surface, the gloss becomes emphasized, and defects such
as wrinkles stand out.
[0016] Makeups generally require different cosmetic effective
luster, in order to correspond to various changes in texture. For
this reason, clay minerals with good smoothness of the surface,
such as talc, sericite, and mica are generally used with white
extender pigments such as silica powders, calcium carbonate, and
magnesium carbonate, or spherical pigments in different
combinations are selected in formulations in order to adjust the
total luster of the entire cosmetic.
[0017] However, when the cosmetic is applied to the skin, since the
surface of the clay mineral is very smooth, the cosmetic film that
it produces on the skin becomes shiny, thereby, becoming the reason
why the troubled morphology of the skin becomes emphasized. In
order to overcome this problem, it is necessary to lower the level
of inclusion of clay minerals that has smooth surfaces. As a
result, the benefits of clay minerals with smooth surfaces, such as
transparency, smoothness when extended on the skin, adhesion to the
skin can not be sufficiently brought about, creating additional
problems.
[0018] The refractive index of oil solutions that are usually used
in cosmetics is 1.39.about.1.51, while the refractive index of mica
is 1.59 and talc is 1.53, which represents clay minerals that are
often used in cosmetics, while the refractive index of the stratum
corneum is 1.55. As can be seen from the numbers above, when normal
pigments are used in cosmetics, the refractive index is very
similar to each other, and when the pigments are wetted with skin
secreted sebum at its oil absorption or over this amount, the
pigments that make up the said cosmetic film on the skin, become
transparent. When an excess amount of sebum is secreted, a
reflection from the surface of the sebum film, as well as the
reflection from the surface of the clay minerals dispersed within
the sebum, will emphasize and create an undesirable shine, that
when viewed from different angles will make the wrinkles stand out,
and in occasion make the wearer of the cosmetic have a very tired
look.
[0019] In order to prevent these shines, materials with high oil
absorption are used, such as porous acrylic beads, titanium dioxide
trapped in porous acrylic beads, porous silica, aerosils, magnesium
carbonate, etc. However, when makeups, which contain these
materials, are applied to the skin, the skin becomes very dry and
parched, and a feeling of discomfort arises.
[0020] Fluorine treated powders are lipophobic, and so normal oil
coating methods used in the production of compact cosmetics will
negate this property. However, there are cosmetics that do contain
fluorine treated powders, which are used as anti-shine material,
but perspiration and sebum which the skin secretes for example,
will in this case find its way to the top of the cosmetic film on
the skin, and create a shine over time. Therefore, there are too
many problems to overcome, in order to use this type of material
efficiently.
[0021] In order to create a beautiful makeup film on the skin, and
from a viewpoint of raising the cosmetic effect, a control color is
used as a base, beneath the foundation itself. Some of the main
color tones used are green, yellow, purple, orange, etc. The aim of
these color tones are to remove the redness of the skin
(utilization of the complementary color relation with the redness
of the skin), make the color of the skin brighter and more natural,
and make the skin look healthier by using effective colors. In
order to make blemishes and freckles less noticeable, if for
example, a color tone of the blemish is used in a cosmetic, the
cosmetic film becomes very dark, and a desirable cosmetic effect
becomes very difficult. In order to make blemishes less noticeable,
it is better to use green. However, in this case, the chroma of the
foundation color tone becomes low, because of decreased color
mixing effect, which occurs when the control colors mix with the
foundation, and the original color effect of the foundation is
greatly reduced. In addition, the steps associated with putting on
the cosmetic becomes very complicated, because the amount that is
supposed to be used becomes very precise, that a very advanced
technique becomes necessary, if the user wants a good cosmetic
effect.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0022] 1. Problem to be Solved by the Invention
[0023] Based on the above defined facts, a powder, when used in
cosmetics that imparts excellent transparency, hides the troubled
morphology of the skin such as wrinkles, pore openings, hard
texture of the skin, and at the same time, hides the troubled color
tone of the skin, such as blemishes, freckles, and acne traces, and
imparts a smooth feeling, as well as having very low color
drabness, and makes the skin look brighter, is desired.
[0024] The purpose of the present invention, is to improve upon the
previous document of Japanese Patent Kokai Publication
JP-A-9-20609, also written by the same present inventors, and
propose a powder, which further augments the hiding of troubled
morphology of the skin and troubled skin tone color, and which
especially has a good feel (smoothness) when used in cosmetics,
along with less color drabness, and makes the skin look
brighter.
[0025] 2. Detailed Description of the Invention
[0026] After diligent research on the aforementioned problem, the
present inventors have come up with an invention that is a powder,
which comprises of a composite powder of clay minerals, where the
surface of the clay minerals comprises of specific structured
particles of aluminum hydroxide (particle, and multiple particles)
adhered onto it. When said composite particle is used in cosmetics,
it imparts high transparency, hides both the troubled morphology of
the skin and troubled skin tone color, as well as imparting a
smooth feel and low color drabness, and makes the skin color look
brighter. Furthermore, upon adding a layer of aluminum hydroxide,
especially of ultrafine particles, onto the surface, or adding a
silicone surface treatment layer, the above-defined properties are
increased to an even higher effect, thereby completing this
invention.
[0027] In this invention, a composite pigment,
[0028] where a clay mineral, and particularly said clay mineral
that contains an aluminum hydroxide adhered on its said surface is
contained,
[0029] where the adhered aluminum hydroxide constitutes a specific
structure,
[0030] where the particle of the clay mineral is specific, for
example specific size, thickness, and refractive index, and
[0031] which at least contains an aluminum hydroxide that has a
specific structure and adheres to the surface of said clay mineral,
and has a suitable refractive index (1.56) and density
(2.77g/cm.sup.3), and
[0032] when used in cosmetics will impart an excellent effect that
was not previously possible, and
[0033] which may be called particle (composite pigment) that
includes this complex particle, is offered.
[0034] That is to say, the present invention is as follows.
[0035] [1] A composite pigment (powder) comprising a clay mineral
(powder composed of a clay mineral particle, etc.) and an aluminum
hydroxide that adheres to the surface of said clay mineral, wherein
said aluminum hydroxide contains an aluminum hydroxide (as an
edifice or structure of the aluminum hydroxide particle) in the
form of a cup with cover, the basal plane of which adheres to the
surface of said clay mineral, which can be used in cosmetics. In
such case, the clay mineral that has many cup-like structures on
said surface is more preferable.
[0036] In addition, if it does not inhibit the purpose and effect
of this invention, any other components (substrate powder
components, adhered particle compositions, etc.) may be included in
the composite pigment of the present invention, and any other
surface treatments maybe performed, and any other material that may
be used to cover the above-defined product may be present thereon.
They are all included in this invention.
[0037] While it is also possible to use this composite pigment in
cosmetics, it is also possible to use in various other products,
such as inks, paints and varnishes and the like, and other
pigments.
[0038] [2] The composite pigment as defined above, wherein said
aluminum hydroxide, where the adhered aluminum hydroxide particle
constitutes a cup-like structure with a cover, contains an aluminum
hydroxide, where the top surface of the cover is somewhat
(approximately) parallel to the cup basal plane, or has a somewhat
(approximately) muffin-like structure, where the top cover has a
curved surface that swells outward.
[0039] The lateral face (side surface) part of the cup in said
cup-like structure thereof may have one, where the cross section in
the horizontal direction (lateral cross section) of the cup-like
structure may impart a somewhat circular, a somewhat elliptical
shape, or a somewhat polygon (quadrangle, etc.) shape, which has
some of its parts that juts outside. In addition, in the case of a
structure which has several edges, it is more desirable that the
cup-like structure have a curved surface shape in which the corners
formed (two edges in case of a cross-sectional), such as in a
polygonal case, have a roundness, and it is possible to also
include these curved surface shapes in the lateral cross sectional
polygon shapes as well, in the present invention.
[0040] This invention seems to obtain its excellent feel
(smoothness, etc.), from the fact that the top surface of the cover
of the cup-like structure has a smooth planar shape or has a gentle
curved shape (muffin-like structure), thereby obtaining the desired
purpose.
[0041] In this invention, the terminology of "approximately" and
"somewhat" is used abundantly in the entire description, and it is
meant that this may perfectly have such a structure, or that the
structure may be similar to the stated structure, and that it is
alike. Therefore, the term "somewhat parallel" or "almost parallel"
can mean both a completely parallel, and a somewhat parallel
condition. And, the term "somewhat circular" can mean those that
are completely circular, those that are somewhat circular, and
shapes that are cylindrical, and those that are somewhat
cylindrical, and they are all included therein.
[0042] [3] The composite pigment as defined above, wherein said
clay mineral has particles with an average particle size of
approximately 0.2.about.50 .mu.m, and more suitably approximately
0.3.about.30 .mu.m, and even more suitably approximately 2.about.15
.mu.m, or contains particles with a particle size of approximately
0.2 .about.50 .mu.m, and more suitably approximately 0.3.about.30
.mu.m, and even more suitably approximately 2.about.15 .mu.m.
[0043] [4] The composite pigment as defined above, wherein said
clay mineral has particles with an average thickness of
approximately 0.05.about.1.5 .mu.m, and more suitably approximately
0.2.about.1.0 .mu.m, or contains particles with a thickness of
approximately 0.05.about.1.5.mu.m, and more suitably approximately
0.2.about.1.0 .mu.m.
[0044] [5] The composite pigment as defined above, wherein the
substances in the said form of a cup with cover have an average
height (h) range of approximately 0.05.about.0.5 .mu.m, and more
suitably approximately 0.08.about.0.5 .mu.m, and even more suitably
approximately 0.1.about.0.25 .mu.m, from the top face to its basal
plane (if the top surface of the cover is flat, then the height is
from the top flat surface to the basal plane, and if the top
surface of the cover has a curvature that swells outward, then the
height is from the top most part (a summit part) of the curvature
to the basal plane), or contains ones having a height (h) range of
approximately 0.05.about.0.5 .mu.m, and more suitably approximately
0.08.about.0.5 .mu.m, and even more suitably approximately
0.1.about.0.25 .mu.m, from the top face to its basal plane (if the
top surface of the cover is flat, then the height is from the top
flat surface to the basal plane, and if the top surface of the
cover has a curvature that swells outward, then the height is from
the top most part of the curvature to the basal plane).
[0045] The surface diameter of the cover, of the cup-like structure
that constitutes the structure of the aluminum hydroxide (an
observation from the top), is approximately 50.about.750 nm, and
more suitably approximately 120.about.380 nm, and even more
suitably approximately 200.about.320 nm, and the surface diameter
of the surface that adheres to the clay mineral has the same
diameter or preferably a shorter diameter as the surface diameter
of the cover part has, (or is much better if it is a little bit
shorter), for example, it is approximately 50.about.410 nm, and
more suitably approximately 80.about.330 nm, and even more suitably
approximately 120.about.220 nm. Still, the measurements and
numerical value ranges defined above are shown as the diameter of
the longest part, if for example the shape of the cover part, when
observed from above, or the part that adheres (basal plane) has a
polygon shape, an elliptical shape, or any other shape that
resembles these shapes and cannot be measured by a homogenous
diameter length and is different by the position in which the
diameter is measured.
[0046] [6] The composite pigment as defined above, wherein the
structures in said form of a cup with cover, contain ones having a
longitudinal direction cross-section (longitudinal cross section)
shape, without the cover part, of a reverse trapezoid, or a
quadrangle, or any shape that resembles these shapes.
[0047] Also, the corners formed by the merging of several planes
may have a rounded edge, where a curved shape may be included in at
least one part, and all these are included in the above-defined
shapes.
[0048] [7] The composite pigment as defined above, wherein said
aluminum hydroxide that adheres to the surface of said clay mineral
is comprised of particles that have an average particle size of
approximately 1.about.80 nm (0.000.about.0.08 .mu.m), and more
suitably approximately 10.about.50 nm (0.01.about.0.05 .mu.m), and
even more suitably approximately 20.about.40 nm, or includes
particles that have a particle size of approximately 1.about.80 nm
(0.001.about.0.08 .mu.m), and more suitably approximately
10.about.50 nm (0.01.about.0.05 .mu.m), and even more suitably
approximately 20.about.40 nm.
[0049] In this way, the aluminum hydroxide: Al(OH).sub.3 particle
that is used for the adhesion in this invention, may be in the
Rayleigh region, in order to ensure a highly transparent particle
(property).
[0050] Still, though the number of aluminum hydroxide particles,
which constitutes the said cup-like structure with a cover, maybe
limited to just 1, it is normally constituted by multiple ultrafine
particles defined above, which form this structure. In this
invention, the cup-like structure, or the aforementioned
muffin-like structure, may just be called "particle of cup-like
structure", "particle of a muffin structure", etc.
[0051] [8] The composite pigment as defined above, wherein said
clay mineral has a refractive index of approximately
1.40.about.1.80, and more suitably approximately 1.45.about.1.65,
or includes a clay mineral with a refractive index of approximately
1.40 .about.1.80, and more suitably approximately
1.45.about.1.65.
[0052] [9] The composite pigment as defined above, wherein said
aluminum hydroxide adhered to said clay mineral exists at a range
of approximately 3.about.75 weight %, and more suitably
approximately 10.about.75 weight %, and even more suitably
approximately 20.about.60 weight %, and even more suitably
approximately 30.about.50 weight %, of the total weight of the clay
mineral (the entire composite pigment) to which said aluminum
hydroxide adheres, including said aluminum hydroxide.
[0053] [10] The composite pigment as defined above, further
comprising a layer for covering the surface of said aluminum
hydroxide.
[0054] [11] The composite pigment as defined above, wherein said
layer has an average thickness range of approximately 0.001
.about.0.5 .mu.m, and more suitably approximately 0.01.about.0.4
.mu.m, and even more suitably approximately 0. 03.about.0.2 .mu.m,
or includes one with a thickness range of approximately
0.001.about.0.5 .mu.m, and more suitably approximately
0.01.about.0.4 .mu.m, and even more suitably approximately
0.03.about.0.2 .mu.m.
[0055] In this case, it is suitable to use an aluminum hydroxide
particle that makes up the covered layer, which has a particle size
or an average particle size of approximately 0.001.about.0.08
.mu.m, and more suitably approximately 0.01.about.0.05 .mu.m, and
even more suitably approximately 0.03.about.0.05 .mu.m.
[0056] [12] The composite pigment as defined above in [1] or [10],
further comprising a silicone surface treatment layer.
[0057] [13] The composite pigment as defined above, wherein said
aluminum hydroxide (particle) in the said form of a cup with cover
exists at at least 30 weight % or so, and more suitably at least
approximately 50 weight % or so, and even more suitably at least
approximately 70 weight % or so, of the total aluminum hydroxide
(particle) that adheres to the surface of said clay mineral.
[0058] Regarding the estimation of the shape of the cup-like
structure with a cover, the vertical cross-sectional shape of the
cup-like structure with a cover, can have any shape that resembles
this structure, for example a reverse trapezoid shape obviously, or
any quadrangle shape, where any of the edges may have a smoothed
curve, and the cover may have a muffin-like curvature that swells
outward, and any somewhat reverse trapezoid, and somewhat
quadrangle shape, are all included when the mention of a structure
of the particle, is described as a cup-like structure.
[0059] [14] The composite pigment as defined in claim 1, which
comprises a clay mineral (powder particles, etc.) and an aluminum
hydroxide (powder particles, or particle structure, particle
edifice, etc.) that adheres to the surface thereof, and
[0060] wherein 30% or more, or 30 weight % or more (more suitably
50% or more, or 50 weight % or more, and even more suitably 70% or
more, or 70 weight % or more), of the entire adhered aluminum
hydroxide particle,
[0061] forms the aluminum hydroxide in the said form of a cup with
a cover,
[0062] adheres by its basal plane of the cup to the surface of said
clay mineral, and
[0063] has an average height, from the top surface of its cover
part to its basal plane, of approximately 0.05.about.0.5 .mu.m,
more suitably approximately 0.08.about.0.5.mu.m, and even more
suitably approximately 0.1.about.0.25 .mu.m.
[0064] The definition of the top surface of the cover part, and a
scope for the cup-like structure with a cover, are as explained
above.
[0065] [15] The composite pigment as defined in claim 1, wherein
the basal plane of said aluminum hydroxide that adheres to the
surface of said clay mineral (the contact area of the adhered
aluminum hydroxide with the surface of the clay mineral), occupies
approximately 3.about.95 weight %, and more suitably approximately
20.about.90%, and even more suitably approximately 50.about.90% of
the total surface area of said clay mineral.
[0066] The total surface area of the said clay mineral represents
the total surface area of the clay mineral, before the aluminum
hydroxide is adhered, and it should be obvious that the sum of the
surface area that does not have the adhered aluminum hydroxide, and
the surface area that the aluminum hydroxide covers with its
adhered basal plane (the contact area of the adhered aluminum
hydroxide to the clay mineral) is what is defined as the total
surface area.
[0067] [16] Cosmetics, comprising the composite pigment as defined
in any one of claims 1.about.15 at a usage range of 1.about.100
weight %.
[0068] It is possible to optionally mix any other necessary
components in order to fulfill the necessary types, forms, and
purposes of cosmetics. Therefore, powders and composite pigments
that were in use before may also be used. It is possible to
suitably mix for example, this composite pigment at approximately
1.about.30 weight % in emulsification cosmetics, and approximately
1.about.80 weight % in solid powder cosmetics.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0069] [FIG. 1]
[0070] A SEM picture (.times.15,000) of Example 1 (covered
composite pigment) is shown.
[0071] [FIG. 2]
[0072] A SEM picture (.times.50,000) of Example 1 (covered
composite pigment) is shown.
[0073] [FIG. 3]A SEM picture (.times.10,000) of Example 1 (covered
composite pigment) is shown.
[0074] [FIG. 4]A SEM picture (.times.5,000) of Comparative Example
1 (covered powder) is shown.
[0075] [FIG. 5]The Evaluation result made by the
spectrophotogoniometer is shown.
[0076] Vertical Axis: Y value (Brightness) Horizontal Axis:
Recipient angle (Degrees)
[0077] Within the graph: .diamond-solid.: Example 1;
.box-solid.:Example 2; *: Comparative Example 1; X: Mica;
.tangle-solidup.: Skin is shown.
[0078] [FIG. 6]Representative structures, when viewing one of the
surfaces of the clay mineral of the clay mineral-aluminum hydroxide
composite particle, which comprises of the composite powder of the
present invention, and aluminum hydroxide particles of a specific
structure that is adhered to said surface is lined up in a row, and
a cross section in the longitudinal direction, is shown in FIG.
6-I. Within the particles that are lined up, a representative cross
sectional shape in the lateral direction of FIG. 6-I, is shown in
FIG. 6-II.
[0079] [Description of the Code]
[0080] 1: Clay mineral, A.about.E: a representative model of the
specific structured aluminum hydroxide, h: height (the length from
the cup basal plane to the top plane) of the cover).
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0081] The actual implementation of the present invention is
described here below, in a matter of explaining mainly the most
suitable method (embodiments) for execution, where the actual scope
of the present invention includes this suitable embodiments,
however does not limit it to them.
[0082] The clay mineral that composes the composite pigment in the
present invention can be of any type of mineral without any
restrictions, if it belongs to the clay mineral group. For example,
it is possible to name illite groups such as sericite (silky mica),
muscovite, biotite, lithia mica, and synthetic mica, and kaolin
groups such as kaolionite, nacrite, dekkite, halloysite, and,
sillimanite groups such as sillimanite and kyanite, and magnesium
silicate systems such as talc, and serpentine groups. The average
particle size of said powders is suitably approximately
0.2.about.50 .mu.m (laser diffraction method average particle size,
made by HORIBA), and the average thickness of the said clay
minerals is suitably approximately 0.1.about.1.5 .mu.m (Measured by
embedding the sample with resin and viewing it's cross sectional
TEM picture). And, the clay mineral used in this invention has a
refractive index suitably of approximately 1.40.about.1.80, and
more suitably of approximately 1.45.about.1.65, and an average
particle size of approximately 0.3.about.30 .mu.m, and more
suitably approximately 2 .about.15 .mu.m.
[0083] The composite pigment of this invention can have as its
substrate particle, in place of the clay mineral, barium sulfate,
or pearl pigments, for example silver or gold, or any iris foil
pearl pigment, having an interference color of red, orange, green,
blue, or, purple (including any iris foil pearl pigments covered
with inorganic pigments, organic pigments, laked pigments, etc.),
bismuth oxychloride, bismuth oxychloride coated mica, etc. With
regard to the implementation of the above pigments, the
characteristics of the barium sulfate and pearl pigment particles
have the same average thickness, average particle size, and other
said properties in the explanation of the clay minerals.
[0084] With regard to the structure of the clay mineral particles,
it is more desirable to have a tabular form with a flat surface.
Spherical structured clay minerals are also suitable. Within the
clay minerals, mica, or other common illite group minerals such as
sericite, muscovite, and synthetic mica, where the particles have
tensile strength, is the most suitable, because the change of the
particle size after pulverization is minimal with these
particles.
[0085] Although the aluminum hydroxide particle that has a specific
structure form of a cup with cover and adheres on the surface of
the clay mineral may be of a crystal form, or a non-crystal form,
the crystal form, which creates more lattice internal reflection,
is more desirable. This refractive index is 1.56.
[0086] The amount of adhered aluminum hydroxide to be used,
although different based on the type, average particle size, etc.,
of the clay mineral used in this invention, is approximately
10.about.75 weight %, and more suitably approximately 20.about.60
weight %, and even more suitably approximately 30.about.50 weight %
of the aluminum hydroxide adhered clay mineral, in other words the
entire composite pigment. When the amount is too abundant, the
diffuse reflection of light increases and the transparent, brighter
look becomes whiter, whereas when the amount is too scarce, the
effect obtained in this present invention cannot be reached. With
regards to the composite pigment, later described, that includes an
ultrafine aluminum hydroxide particle covered layer (covered
composite pigment), the total amount of aluminum hydroxide,
including the aluminum hydroxide contained in the covered layer
(the layer for covering the surface of the aluminum hydroxide),
should be adjusted within the value range defined above in the
compounding ratio thereof.
[0087] The aluminum hydroxide that contains a specific structure,
which is used on the surface of the clay mineral for this
invention, should be of a particle or particulate form. Although
the surface of the clay mineral that has an aluminum hydroxide of
this particle, or particulate form (multiple particles, or
particulates) is prepared, and the powder containing a composite
particle, which has an aluminum hydroxide adhered with a specific
form, or a composite pigment which is composed of this particle
(may be called a "composite pigment"), is what this invention calls
a composite pigment, the structure and adhered form of the aluminum
hydroxide particle, corresponding to its production conditions
(also shown in the example section defined below), and the
differences of the minute details of the surface of the clay
mineral and differences of the surface activity of the aluminum
hydroxide, maybe adjusted to conform to the specific structure and
form of this invention.
[0088] The specific structure and form of the adhered particle, and
the structure and form by which the particle adheres to the clay
mineral, will impart a specific structure and the aluminum
hydroxide particle which adheres to the particle surface of the
clay mineral will impart a specific structure and at the same time
will constitute a composite particle, which has the adhered
aluminum hydroxide, and a powder which contains the said particle,
is suitable as a powder for cosmetics. The composite pigment
defined in this invention contains a particle, which includes the
above said composite particle. The adhered aluminum hydroxide
particle, which has the said specific structure, is more suitable
if it is in the form of a cup-like structure with a cover, where
the cup basal plane is adhered to the surface of the clay mineral,
and is more suitable if the amount of specific structure and form,
thus adhered on the clay mineral surface is more numerous.
[0089] The cup-like structure with a cover (i.e., the form of a cup
with cover) does not have any restriction to its specific
structure, but can be of any structure. It is possible that the
surface of the cover part and side part take various structures in
the range of which is usable for the purpose of a container as a
cup.
[0090] By viewing from a horizontal plane, the perpendicular cross
sectional shape with respect to the horizontal plane (the plane
that is made when a cut through a perpendicular direction with
respect to the cup basal plane of the cup-like structure is called
the "longitudinal cross section", or "longitudinal direction cross
section"), may be of a reverse trapezoid, or quadrangle shape, but
can also be of a structure that is a muffin-like structure where
the top surface of the cover part has a curved shape which swells
outward (called "muffin-like") or any of these shapes which has a
rounded edge (an edge that is produced from the merging of several
planes). It may also be of any shape, which resembles the above
shapes. As defined previously, the structure may be of any
structure that is considered cup-like. The top surface of the cover
part also does not have any restrictions, as long as the cover of
the cup exists as a general top surface structure of a cover.
[0091] Similarly, the horizontal cross sectional shape (the plane
that is made when a cut through a parallel direction with respect
to the cup basal plane of the cup-like structure is called the
"lateral cross section", or "lateral direction cross section") is
the shape of the lateral cross section of the side part of the
cup-like structure, and is represented by a circle, an ellipse, or
a polygon (any tetrahedron, including a square or rectangle). A
part of the edge of the polygon or all of the edges of the polygon
may have a rounded edge where the surface is curved, and any shape
that is similar to this shape or any shape that is similar to a
part of this shape is included.
[0092] Above-defined cross sectional structure corresponds to the
cup-like structure with a cover (the form of a cup with cover) that
is an aluminum hydroxide that has a specific structure and adheres
to the surface of the clay mineral defined in this invention.
[0093] In addition, it is desirable that the height (h) (called
"height"), which is the length (the perpendicular length with
respect to the basal plane) from the basal plane to the top face of
the cover part of the cup-like structure (if the top surface of the
cover part is flat, then to the flat surface, and if the surface is
of a muffin-like structure, then to the swelled (in the upward
direction) top-most part) be adjusted within a specific range.
[0094] The adherence of the aluminum hydroxide to the surface of
the clay mineral as defined above, does not limit it to a single
surface of the clay mineral, but is observed as uniform to all
surfaces of the clay mineral, because it adheres (with the cup
placed in the upright direction) to all surfaces as explained. The
explanation of this invention is done with an intent as to having
the surface, which has the cup adhered, facing up, where when
viewed from a horizontal direction has the above defined cup-like
structure placed on top of this surface. Therefore, when the
opposite side of the clay mineral is observed, the cup-like
structure is reversed and has its basal plane adhered to the
surface of the clay mineral, and if one wishes to observed this
opposite side as defined above, one needs to change the position of
the cup so that it is facing upwards, when viewed from a horizontal
plane, and then describe the structure of the adhered.
[0095] For the aluminum hydroxide that is adhered to the clay
mineral powder, which is composed of the composite powder of this
invention, it is desirable that the aluminum hydroxide of a
specific adhered structure as defined in this invention, contains
at least approximately 30 weight %, and more suitably at least
approximately 50 weight %, and even more suitably at least
approximately 70 weight % of the entire aluminum hydroxide adhered
to the clay mineral. The total basal surface area (the contact
surface of the adhered aluminum hydroxide and clay mineral) of the
adhered aluminum hydroxide that has a specific structure, occupies
approximately 3.about.95%, and more suitably approximately
10.about.95%, even more suitably approximately 20.about.90%, and
even more suitably approximately 50.about.90%, of the total surface
area (including the surface area occupied by the basal plane of the
adhered aluminum hydroxide) of the clay mineral particle.
[0096] In FIG. 6, the longitudinal cross section shape (I), and
lateral cross section shape (II), of a typical structure of an
aluminum hydroxide, which has a specific structure, which is
adhered to said surfaces of a clay mineral particle, is given as an
example. FIG. 6-I shows perpendicular cut (longitudinal cross
section) shapes of typical geometric models of A.about.E that is
placed side-by-side on the horizontal plane on a single surface of
the clay mineral. FIG. 6-II shows a representative example of a
cross sectional shape of the cup side wall (i.e., cup side part
surface), of the above defined model A.about.E. From one
longitudinal cross sectional figure, several cross sectional shapes
can be considered, and so some of the representative ones, are
shown.
[0097] Models A, C, and D are considered reverse trapezoid (shape),
while model B and E are quadrangle, and model D and E are
considered muffin-like structures. In this invention, the surface
by which the specific structure, which contains an aluminum
hydroxide particle, is adhered to the surface of the clay mineral
is called its "basal plane", and this is the basal plane of the
said cup-like structure with cover. (i.e., the form of a cup with
cover). Said basal plane and the top surface of the cover of the
cup-like structure with a cover are parallel or somewhat parallel.
The parallel direction described above is called the "lateral
direction", and the perpendicular direction is called the
"longitudinal direction". The reverse trapezoid (shape) described
in this invention, means that the longitudinal cross section (cross
sectional view in the horizontal direction) of the specific
structure of the above described adhered cup-like structure, is of
a reverse trapezoid shape (See model A, C, and D). Similarly, the
cross section in the lateral direction "lateral cross section",
describes the lateral direction cross sectional view of the cup
(structure of the particle). The "height (h)" is, the height from
the basal plane to the top surface of the cover part, and for a
muffin-like structure, the distance from the basal plane to the
upper most part of the swelled part, is the perpendicular
length.
[0098] The structure of the outer surface of the cover part may be
flat, or may have a gentle curved surface (muffin-like), which
swells outward.
[0099] When the outer surface of the cover part is viewed from
above, the shape is somewhat of a circle, an ellipse, a quadrangle,
or any other polygon. In case of a polygon, it is desirable that
the edges have roundness. As defined above, the structure of the
surface of the cover part should be adequate to cover the top part
of the cup (so as to not spill the contents of the cup).
[0100] The horizontal direction cross section (lateral cross
section) of the cup side surface, has a shape that is a somewhat
round shape, somewhat elliptical shape, or a polygon which has its
corners jut outside. In this case, it is more desirable to have the
edges of the polygon rounded. Regardless of the position (the
perpendicular length from the basal plane) of the cross section, if
this lateral cross section should have a uniform structure (the
side plane has a cylindrical or prism shape), or as one gets closer
towards the basal plane, the lateral cross sectional surface area
gets wider (the shape produced by cutting along a horizontal
direction of the uppermost part (head) of a cone shape or pyramid
shape), or as one gets closer to the top part, the lateral cross
sectional surface area gets wider (the shape produced by cutting
along a horizontal direction of the uppermost part (head) of a cone
shape or pyramid shape becomes the contact area, said reverse
trapezoid shape), or the lateral cross sectional surface area of
the middle part (half of the height from the basal plane to the
upper plane), the shape (a reverse trapezoid shape, as defined
above, or a shape that is similar to this) by which the lateral
cross sectional surface area of the upper part (the position
closest to the upper plane) gets wider, is the most suitable. When
the cross section (longitudinal cross section) in the longitudinal
direction (perpendicular direction) with respect to the cup basal
plane is viewed, a quadrangle, rectangle, trapezoid, reverse
trapezoid, or any other shape that is similar to these shapes is
possible but, a shape that is a reverse trapezoid, or any shape
that is similar to this, is most suitable. As defined above, the
edges that are produced by the joining of two planes is more
suitable if it is rounded.
[0101] The diameter of the surface of the cover part (when viewed
from above), is correspondent to the diameter of the upper tip of
the cup side part, and is approximately 50.about.750 nm in length,
and more suitably approximately 120.about.380 nm, and even more
suitably approximately 200.about.320 nm, and the diameter of the
adhered plane (correspondent to the diameter of the lower tip of
the cup side part) is preferably equal to the above defined
diameter of the surface of the cover part, or shorter thereto, and
approximately 50.about.410 nm, suitably approximately 80.about.330
nm, and more suitably approximately 120.about.220 nm. Still, with
regard to the above-defined value of the diameter and range of
values, if the shape of the cup part and adhered plane (basal
plane), when viewed from above, is of a polygon shape or elliptical
shape, the diameter of the longest part is shown.
[0102] It is more desirable to have the height of the specific
structure: h (the height, namely the length from the cup basal
plane to the top surface (i.e., top face, or topmost face, if any),
is meant), to be adjusted so that they are nearly equal to each
other when placed side-by-side, where the suitable height is
approximately 0.05.about.0.5 .mu.m, and more suitably approximately
0.08.about.0.5 .mu.m, and even more suitably approximately
0.1.about.0.25 .mu.m. It is more desirable to have the average
height fall into these ranges.
[0103] In this way, it is more desirable to have the specific
structure (the form of a cup with cover) composed of the aluminum
hydroxide particle, be adhered onto the entire surface of the clay
mineral in a uniform matter and as much as possible.
[0104] When the clay mineral surface of the composite powder is
viewed from a diagonal angle from the top, several shapes such as a
cube, parallelepiped rectangle, cylinder, angular tube, truncated
cone, converse truncated cone (a truncated cone that is made upside
down), truncated pyramid, reverse truncated pyramid (a truncated
pyramid that is made upside down), and said shapes that have at
least one of its edges created by the conjunction of several planes
rounded off, may be present.
[0105] In this way a composite pigment, containing the specific
structures containing aluminum hydroxide particles that is adhered
onto a clay mineral, which has its surface further covered with a
layer of aluminum hydroxide, will further augment the effects of
the purpose of this invention. The average thickness is suitably
approximately 0. 001.about.0.5 .mu.m, and more suitably
approximately 0.01.about.0.4 .mu.m, and even more suitably
approximately 0.03.about.0.2 .mu.m. And the particle size of the
aluminum hydroxide particle that composes the covered layer is
suitable if it is an ultrafine particle, where the average particle
size is approximately 0.001.about.0.08 .mu.m, and more suitably
approximately 0.01.about.0.05 .mu.m, and even more suitably
approximately 0.03.about.0.05 .mu.m. Still, the condition of the
covered layer (structure of the covered layer) is completely
different from just covering with granular, spherical,
needle-shape, spindle-shape, or honeycomb shaped particles.
[0106] When the average particle size of the clay mineral is under
0.2 .mu.m, the phase scattering increases, and the transparency is
lost, increasing the opacity, and thereby creating a material that
is not fit for the purpose of this invention. And, when the average
particle size is over 50 .mu.m, a rough feeling and discomfort on
the skin emerges, which comes from the size of the powder particle,
and thus is not desirable.
[0107] When the surface of the composite pigment, which consists of
a clay mineral and an aluminum hydroxide that has a specific
structure, is coated with another layer of aluminum hydroxide, and
when the average thickness of the clay mineral (thickness defined
here means the length of the shortest distance between one plane of
the particle and its opposite side), is less than 0.05 .mu.m, the
tensile strength of the clay mineral increases, but the amount of
transmitted light is too large so that the amount of light that is
reflected back from the surface and internal part of the clay
mineral is too small, and thus undesirable. And, when the average
thickness is greater than 1.5 .mu.m, there is no difference in the
internal scattering of light that occurs in the internal part of
the covered layer. In addition, it is not desirable when the
average thickness is greater than 1.5 .mu.m, because the tensile
strength of some types of clay minerals decreases, and the
transparency of the covered pigment decreases as well.
[0108] The refractive index of the aluminum hydroxide that is
adhered to the clay mineral, which is a substrate of the powder,
which is obtained by selecting an aluminum hydroxide particle, has
a specific structure, and is adhered to the surface of a clay
mineral, is 1.56. In this case, the environment surrounding the
specific structured aluminum hydroxide particle, and the
interaction between the diffuse reflection and transmittance of
light, along with its refractive index, that comes from the
structure itself of the said aluminum hydroxide, balances the
scattering and transmittance of light, which produces a makeup film
that has a bright, natural finish, without any color drabness, due
to the adjusted scattering effect of light.
[0109] When the said ultrafine particle of aluminum hydroxide is
covered on top of a clay mineral, which has its surface adhered
with specific structures of aluminum hydroxide, which is the
covered composite pigment, and the thickness of the covered layer
is beyond 0.5 .mu.m, the effect of the internal scattering effect
of light on the environment surrounding the aluminum hydroxide
ultrafine particle within the covered layer, is too strong, and the
transparency becomes low, creating a whitish color, thereby making
it hard to create a highly transparent product that makes the skin
color look brighter. On the other hand, when the thickness is lower
than 0.001 .mu.m, the internal scattering of light cannot be
expected. By utilizing the irregular reflection effect of light
created by the specific structure and adhered structure
(especially, when the longitudinal cross section, which is
perpendicular with respect to the adhered basal plane, of the
specific structure is of a reverse trapezoid shape, [when the
structure is of a muffin-like structure, the surface of the cover
is curved] or any structure which is similar to this, for example,
a crystal form) of the aluminum hydroxide of this invention, it is
possible to produce a transparent and brighter finish of the skin
color. In this case, the height: h from the adhered plane to the
topmost part of the cover, in other words the cover surface, and in
the case of a muffin-like structure, the topmost part, of the
structure and adhered structure (especially said reverse trapezoid
and any crystal form which resembles this shape) of the aluminum
hydroxide specified above, should be made longer in order to
increase the amount of light that directly hits the clay mineral
surface. In this case, in order to produce a transparent and highly
brighter skin color, it is suitable to make the said height (h)
approximately 0.05 .about.0.5 .mu.m, and more suitably
approximately 0.08.about.0.5 .mu.m, and even more suitably
approximately 0.1.about.0.25 .mu.m.
[0110] When the above defined height is below 0.051 .mu.m, the
light then hits the clay mineral directly, producing very little
scattered light and increased transmitted light, and therefore, the
objective of getting a high transparency, and an effect of making
the skin look brighter cannot be reached, and actually produces a
luster of the clay mineral itself, making the troubled morphology
of the skin stand out. And, when said height is above 0.05 .mu.m,
the scattering light effect will make the troubled morphology of
the skin and troubled skin tone less noticeable (makes wrinkles,
blemishes, etc. less noticeable), but will also make
anon-transparent and white finishing effect, because the scattering
light effect is too strong.
[0111] As defined above, the aluminum hydroxide adhered composite
pigment of the present invention may have covered (an aluminum
hydroxide layer) on its surface, another layer of aluminum
hydroxide (preferably its ultrafine particle), or a surface treated
layer of silicone surface treatment. By utilizing these types of
covered layers or surface treatment layers, the objective of this
invention is increased to a higher extent.
[0112] (Method of Production)
[0113] There are no difficult points to the production of the
composite pigment of the present invention. The composite pigment
can be easily produced based on the descriptions, as explained by
the specification of the present application, particularly the
examples shown later with more detail, however there are some
additional details that need to be added, as described below.
[0114] Purified water is used at approximately 3.about.15 times
(weight) the amount of clay mineral used (if barium sulfate, or
pearl pigments are used instead of clay minerals, then 3.about.15
times the amount of barium sulfate or pearl pigments). In order to
prepare the aluminum hydroxide, the amount of aluminum salt used is
approximately 2.about.75 weight % of the gross weight of material
including the clay mineral. Dissolve the aluminum salt in purified
water, and homogeneously disperse the clay mineral in the solution,
and heat to approximately 5.about.100.degree. C., and add a seed
crystal and mix. Then decrease the temperature of the solution to
approximately 40.about.-10.degree. C. Filtering the aqueous
solution, and drying the product produces a composite pigment
containing clay minerals with adhered aluminum hydroxide.
[0115] In order to produce a covered composite pigment, which has
as an additional covered layer consisting of aluminum hydroxide
ultrafine particles, use the aqueous solution of the above defined
composite pigment that is decreased to a temperature of
40.about.-10.degree. C., and neutralize the solution to a pH range
of 7 .about.10 by using inorganic acids or acidic gas, then filter
the solution and wash with water, and then dry the product at 40
.about.130.degree. C.
[0116] In order to impart a silicone surface treatment, a commonly
used method (for example, see Japanese Patent Kokai Publication
JP-A-9-48716) may be used on the aluminum hydroxide adhered clay
mineral (Composite Pigment), or said composite pigment with an
additional covered layer of ultrafine particles of aluminum
hydroxide (Covered Composite Pigment).
[0117] It is possible to include the composite pigments (which also
includes covered composite pigments, and silicone surface treated
composite pigment as described above) of the present invention in
cosmetics, and in this case, there are no limits to the amount of
composite pigment to be used (quantity). For example, it is
possible to suitably mix approximately 1.about.100 weight % (weight
% is weight standard for all composition in case of cosmetics of a
powder form. In case of cosmetics of cake forms or paste forms, it
is possible to suitably mix approximately 1.about.100 weight %, and
more suitably approximately 1.about.180 weight %, of the total
weight of all the powder ingredients. And, in case of cosmetics of
emulsified products such as milky lotions, it is possible to
suitably mix approximately 1.about.60 weight %, and more suitably
approximately 1.about.30 weight %, of the total weight of all the
emulsified product ingredients. The composite pigment of this
invention is especially most suitable for makeups, such as,
foundations, face powders, eye shadows, blushes, creams, milky
lotions, skin lotions, nail colors, lipsticks, etc. In order to put
in cosmetics, the composite pigment of this invention may have a
surface treatment, as the above defined silicone treatment, as well
as other surface treatments such as fluorine treatment, lecithin
treatment, amino acid treatment, metal soap treatment, surfactant
treatment, and other combinations of treatments that may include
the silicone treatment, if necessary.
[0118] Next, one of the common methods of making wrinkles less
noticeable is to attach polymer resins to the surface of substrates
(clay minerals), and produce ruggedness, created by the polymers,
and produce a diffused reflection of light. Another method is to
structure the powder into a butterfly shape, so as to produce
diffuse scattering of light, by the complicated structure. Both of
these methods use the effect of diffuse reflection of light on the
surface of the material. The present invention, by using an
aluminum hydroxide particle, with a specific refractive index
(1.56), that has a specific particle structure and structure (the
basal plane of the cup, of the cup-like structure with a cover,
adhered: especially, with the said reverse trapezoid structure
(form), or any other structure that resembles this) as defined
above, attached to the surface of a substrate, and especially
suitable is that the adhered particle of the specific structure is
adjusted to the above defined height: h, to a specific range, where
the interaction between the refractive index of the adhered
particle, and clay mineral adjusts the balance between the amount
of transmitted light and reflected light, lessens the amount of
light that directly hits the clay mineral, and adjusts the effect
of diffuse reflective light. As a result, the troubled morphology
of the skin and skin tone can be hidden (wrinkles and blemishes are
harder to see), while still maintaining a transparent look, which
makes a drabbed skin color look brighter and more beautiful.
[0119] And by placing an ultrafine aluminum hydroxide particle
layer, which is adjusted so that the thickness covered on the
surface of the above defined composite pigment is within a specific
range, the environment surrounding the particle within the
ultrafine particle layer, creates an effect of internal scattering
of light, and has a refractive index (1.56) that is close to the
stratum corneum of the skin, and by utilizing the effect of
scattering light that is produced from the above defined specific
structure of the adhered particle, the troubled morphology of the
skin and color tone of the skin, such as wrinkles and blemishes
become burred and less noticeable (the hiding effect of the
troubled morphology of the skin and troubled color tone of skin),
while still maintaining transparency, and makes the skin color look
brighter. The invention of this composite pigment, by comparing the
invention as defined in the Japanese Patent Kokai Publication
JP-9-20609, the hiding effect of the troubled morphology of the
skin, and hiding effect of the color tone of the skin is superior,
while being able to change the color drabness of the skin to a
transparent and brighter finish.
[0120] The composite pigment of this invention, when compared to
the invention defined in TOKKAIHEI 9-20609, is clearly much
smoother. The invention defined in the Japanese Patent Kokai
Publication JP-9-20609, has the outer most layer (part) of the
composite pigment, of a honeycomb structure, where the surface is
remarkably rugged. For this reason, when applied to the skin, the
spreadability on the skin is bad, and a burden on the skin occurs,
because of the interaction between this and the ruggedness of the
skin. And because the ultrafine particles that make up the outer
most layer is non-uniform, as well as having a large surface area,
its ability to absorb water and oil on the skin becomes high,
thereby making the spreadability bad, and the feeling on the skin
very heavy.
[0121] Compared to this, the composite pigment of the present
invention, which contains a clay mineral, and an aluminum hydroxide
that has an aluminum hydroxide particle of a specific structure,
which is adhered to the surface of the clay mineral. The aluminum
hydroxide particles comprises of a structure that is of a cup-like
structure with a cover, where the basal plane is adhered to the
surface of the clay mineral, and are more suitable if there are
many adhered to the surface of the clay mineral, where the height
(h) is adjusted so that they are uniform, and the longitudinal
cross section is of a reverse trapezoid shape or any shape that is
similar. And as can be understood from an observation of a high
magnification TEM picture (see FIGS. 1.about.3), the above defined
reverse trapezoid shape is of a layer form, where it is laminated
as if it is covered, so that a smooth feeling seems to be
obtained.
[0122] And, it seems that the composite pigment of this invention,
as defined above, which preferably is covered with aluminum
hydroxide (suitably ultrafine particles) gets its good feeling,
because of the smooth surface that is in contact with the skin, and
because the contact surface area of the covered aluminum hydroxide
with the skin is comparatively low, due to the structure of the
said aluminum hydroxide.
[0123] Cosmetics of the present invention can have other
ingredients, besides the composite pigment of the present invention
(including said covered composite pigment, or silicone treated
composite pigment), that are normally used in cosmetics, when
needed. For example, inorganic powders such as talc, kaolin,
sericite, muscovite, phlogopite, red mica, biotite, synthetic mica,
lithia mica, vermiculite, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate,
diatomite, magnesium silicate, calcium silicate, aluminum silicate,
barium silicate, barium sulfate, strontium silicate, wolframic acid
metal salt, or silica, hydroxyapatite, zeolite, boron nitride,
ceramic powder, organic powders such as nylon powder, polyethylene
powder, polystyrene powder, benzoguanamine powder, polyfluoridation
ethylene powder, di-styrene benzene polymer powder, epoxy powder,
acrylic powder, silicone powder, microcrystalline cellulose,
inorganic white pigments such as titanium dioxide and zinc oxide,
inorganic red system pigments such as iron oxide (red iron oxide)
and titanic acid irons, inorganic brown system pigments such as
.gamma. iron oxides,
[0124] inorganic yellow system pigments such as yellow soil and
yellow iron oxides, inorganic black color system pigments such as
tetravalent acid iron oxide, carbon black, inorganic violet system
pigments such as mango violet, cobalt violet, inorganic green
system pigments such as chromium oxide, chromium hydroxide, and
titanic acid cobalt, inorganic blue system pigments such as
ultramarine blue, and prussian blue, pearl pigments such as
titanium dioxide covered mica, titanium dioxide covered bismuth
oxychloride, bismuth oxychloride, titanium dioxide covered talc,
fish scale foil, colored titanium dioxide covered mica, metal
powder pigment such as aluminum powder, copper powder, colored
composite pigments such as iron-doped zinc oxide and iron-doped
titanium dioxide,
[0125] Organic pigments such as red No.201, red No.202, red No.204,
red No.205, red No.220, red No.226, red No.228, red No.405,
orange-colored No.203, orange-colored No.204, yellow No.205, yellow
No.401 and blue No.404, organic chlorophyll pigment such as
FD&C Red No.3, red No.104, red No.106, red No.227, red No.230,
red No.401, red No.505, orange-colored No.205, FD&C Yellow
No.4, yellow No.5, yellow No.202, yellow No.203, orange-colored
No.3 and zirconium, barium, or aluminum lake of blue No.1, natural
colorants such as .beta.-carotene,
[0126] hydrocarbon oils such as squalane, mineral oil, vaseline,
micro crystalline wax, ozokerite, ceresin, myristic acid, palmitic
acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, iso-stearic acid, cetyl alcohol,
hexadecyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, cetyl 2-ethylhexanoate,
2-ethylhexyl palmitate, 2-octyldodecyl myristate, neo-pentylglycol
di-2-ethylhexanoate, glyceryl tri-2-ethylhexanoate, 2-octyldocyl
oleate, isopropyl myristate, glyceryl triisostearate,
caprylic/capric triglyceride, olive oil, avocado oil, yellow bees
wax, myristyl myristate, mink oil, lanolin oil, silicone oil,
higher fatty acid oil, ester oils of fatty acids, higher alcohol,
oil components of wax groups, and organic solvents such as acetone,
toluene, butyl acetate, and ester acetate can be used in various
amounts.
[0127] Resins such as alkyd resin, urea-formaldehyde resin,
plasticizers such as camphor, acetyl tributyl citric acid,
ultraviolet absorbing agents, antioxidants, antiseptics,
surfactants, moisturizing agents, perfumes, water, alcohol, and
thickeners can also be used.
[0128] There are no restrictions to the form of cosmetics in which
the present invention can be used. For example the present
invention can be used in several forms such as powder form, cake
form, pencil and stick form, pellet form, ointment form, liquid
form, milky lotion form, or cream form. The composite pigment of
this invention, especially when using mica as the clay mineral for
the composite pigment, although is very useful as cosmetics, can be
very useful in various other fields besides cosmetics, such as for
industrial purposes, such as inks, paints (coating), plastics,
rubber additives, rubber moldings, rubber mold separating material
etc., and other various lubricants.
[0129] This application is based on Japanese Patent Application
Serial No. 2000-265026, filed on 1 Sep. 1, 2000, and Japanese
Patent Application Serial No. 2000-034766, filed on Feb. 14, 2000,
each of which is incorporated herein by reference in their
entirety.
EXAMPLES
[0130] Although the examples and comparative examples for the
present invention are shown below in detail, they do not restrict
the present invention to such. The evaluation of gloss, wrinkles,
blurring effect of blemishes, drabness of color, and smoothness, of
the example and comparative example were preformed, by the method
as shown below. Also, the composition ratios in the examples are
all shown as parts by weight.
[0131] [Evaluation of the Gloss by a Spectrophotogoniometer]
[0132] The sample was applied near the base of palm of the hand, at
an amount of 1.25 mg/cm.sup.2, and an evaluation was made by using
a spectrophotogoniometer (NIPPON DENSHOKU CO., LTD.) set at a light
incident angle of 45.degree., and changing the light reception
angle from -70.about.70.degree..
[0133] [Evaluation of Wrinkle]
[0134] A silicon replica of the groove of the area from the cheek
to the nose was made, and the sample was applied on this surface
with a blush at an amount of 0.4 mg/cm.sup.2, after which a picture
was taken. A panel of 25 persons evaluated the picture of the above
replica, to assess the noticeable level of the wrinkles.
[0135] [The Gradation Effect of Blemish]
[0136] After homogeneously blending 3.5 g of the sample with 10 g
of caster oil, a film, with a thickness of 28 .mu.m, was made on a
glass slide with a doctor blade. A colored paper that imitates skin
with fair complexion was prepared, on which 0.5 mm diameter small
identical circles of a light brown color was placed. The thin film
of the sample that was prepared above, was placed over the skin
colored paper, and the brown colored spots were visually evaluated
against the background fair skin colored paper to asses the
noticeable level of blemishes.
[0137] [Evaluation of the Color Drabness by Wetting with Oil]
[0138] The color of dry powder was measured by placing the sample
in a quartz cell and evaluated by spectral analysis, while the
color of the wet powder was measured by blending each sample with
mineral oil at its oil absorption, and evaluating its color by
spectral analysis. The degree of drabness was measured from the
.DELTA.E value (color difference) between the color of dry powder
and the color of wet powder (wet powder color), and the movement
(direction and degree of movement) of the chroma.
[0139] [Evaluation of Smoothness by Measurement of Coefficient of
Dynamic Friction]
[0140] The smoothness was measured by having the friction sensory
tester (Kato Tech, Inc.) slide over the samples 5 times, where the
value (MIU) of the .sub.5th time was recorded.
Example 1
[0141] Disperse 252 g of muscovite into a solution, which is
comprised of 168 g of sodium aluminate dissolved in 2,520 ml of
purified water. After uniformly dispersing the solution, increase
the temperature to 95.degree. C. Add to this solution, 0.84 g of
aluminum hydroxide, and cool to 80.degree. C. with cold water, and
then cool quickly to 20.degree. C. again with ice-water.
Afterwards, a maturing reaction was carried out in 8 hours, while
maintaining the temperature below 20.degree. C. Add hydrochloric
acid to the reacted solution, to neutralize it at a pH of 8.0, and
then filter and dry in order to obtain adhered particles (composite
pigments), which have many specific structures of reverse trapezoid
structured aluminum hydroxide (crystal) adhered to the surface of
muscovite, to which on the surface, ultrafine particles of aluminum
hydroxide (average particle size: 0.1 .mu.m) are covered (thickness
approximately 0.08 .mu.m) to yield the covered composite
pigments.
[0142] The above-mentioned reverse trapezoid shape is, as defined
earlier, a shape produced by the perpendicular (longitudinal) cross
section of the specific structure adhered to and with respect to
the surface of the muscovite (horizontal direction), which is of a
reverse trapezoid shape with respect to the muscovite basal
plane.
[0143] The content of the aluminum hydroxide with respect to the
entire covered composite particle is approximately 36 weight %.
[0144] A SEM picture of the obtained covered composite pigment was
taken, and is shown in FIG. 1 (.times.15,000), FIG. 2
(.times.50,000), and FIG. 3 (.times.10,000). It can be seen from
these figures that the product of the present invention includes
many adhered particles comprised of cup-like structure with cover
(form of a cup with cover), where the longitudinal cross sectional
shape is of a reverse trapezoid shape with respect to the muscovite
basal plane, and the height (height of the adhered particle
comprised of the specific structure: 0.1 .mu.m) is maintained as
nearly equal.
Example 2
[0145] A process similar to that of Example 1, aside from not
neutralizing the solution after the maturing reaction of 8 hours,
but filtering and drying the product directly, was repeated. A
composite pigment, which has particles of aluminum hydroxide
particles composed of a reverse trapezoid shape adhered to the
surface of muscovite, was obtained.
Example 3
[0146] Heat 302 ml of ion-exchanged water to 90.degree. C., after
which 40.26 g of sodium aluminate is added, and is further heated
to 95.degree. C. After reaching 95.degree. C., add 100 g of pearl
pigments (made by Merck & Co., Inc.) and disperse until
homogenous, and then add 30 g of the supernatant of a aluminum
hydroxide solution (supernatant of a dispersed solution of 1.5%
aluminum hydroxide), and agitate for 10 minutes. Afterwards, cool
to 70.degree. C. with cold water, and then cool rapidly to below
20.degree. C. with ice-water and carry out a maturing reaction for
7 hours. After this reaction is over, filter, wash with water
several times, and dry, to obtain an aluminum hydroxide of
muffin-like structure (height of 0.1 .mu.m, diameter of 0.2 .mu.m)
adhered composite pigment.
Example 4
[0147] Dissolve 32.76 g of aluminum chloride hexahydrate into 167
ml of purifiedwater. After dispersing 11.14 g of sericite into the
obtained solution, increase the temperature until solution boils.
Add 60 g of the supernatant of 1.5% aluminum hydroxide solution to
the boiled solution. To this, an alkaline solution of 11.75 g of
sodium hydroxide dissolved in 200 mL of purified water, which was
prepared separately, was added drop wise and cooled to 70.degree.
C. with cold water. The solution was further cooled down to below
20.degree. C. rapidly with ice-water, and was sustained for 12
hours. After filtering, washing with water several times, and
drying, a composite pigment, which has aluminum hydroxides (height
of 0.15 .mu.m, diameter of 0.3 .mu.m) composed of a cup-like
structure (the form of a cup with cover adhered to the surface of
sericite), was obtained.
Comparative Example 1
[0148] [JP-A-9-20609 Described in the Manufacturing Method]
[0149] After dissolving 400 g of aluminum sulfate to 2000 ml of
purified water, add 200 g of muscovite and mix until homogenous. To
this dispersed solution, add 457 g of urea and treat at 95.degree.
C. for 6 hours, and then cool, and after washing with water, wash
with ethanol, and dry at 70.degree. C. to obtain an aluminum
hydroxide covered powder.
[0150] FIG. 4 (.times.5,000) shows the SEM picture result of the
obtained covered powder. It can be seen from this figure, that the
surface of the particle powder, which has a honeycomb structure, is
remarkably corrugated.
Example 5
[0151]
1 Production of a Powder Foundation Ingredient Weight No.
Ingredient parts (1) Silicone treated 40 Muscovite (Covered
composite pigment; from Example 1) (2) Silicone treated 20 Sericite
(3) Silicone treated Talc 15 (4) Silicone treated 3 Titanium
Dioxide (5) Polyethylene Beads 10 (6) Red Iron Oxide 3 (7) Silicone
Oil 9
[0152] [Method of Production]
[0153] Mix powder ingredients (1).about.(5) from above in a
henschel mixer and agitate at low speed for 4 minutes, and then
take out the mixed product and pulverize. Return the pulverized
powder to the henschel again, and add ingredients (6) and (7) and
after agitating for 10 minutes, take out and pulverize (HOSOKAWA
MICRON Inc.), sort with an approximately 400 .mu.m-mesh screen, and
add to a tray to obtain the desired product.
Example 6
[0154]
2 Production of an Emulsified Foundation Ingredient Weight No.
Ingredient parts (1) Stearic Acid 1.75 (2) Octyldodecyl Myristate
4.0 (3) Squalane 11.0 (4) Polyethylene Glycol 2.0 Monostearate (5)
Glyceryl Monostearate 3.0 (6) Cetyl Alcohol 0.3 (7) Pigment 4.0 (8)
Butylparaben 0.1 (9) Composite Pigment 18.0 (Example 2) (10)
Carboxymethylcellulose 0.1 Salt (11) Methylparaben 0.2 (12)
Triethanolamine 0.7 (13) Glycerine 6.0 (14) Purified Water 48.55
(15) Perfume 0.3
[0155] [Method of Production]
[0156] Mix and heat ingredients (1).about.(8) at 85.degree. C.
until ingredients are completely dissolved, and add ingredient (9)
and disperse until uniform. Gradually add to this, a mixture of
ingredients (10).about.(14), which was heated at 85.degree. C. and
dissolved separately, and emulsify. After maintaining the
emulsified temperature and agitating for 13 minutes, cool down to
50.degree. C. while agitating. To this, add ingredient (15) and
cool down to 40.degree. C., and take out product and transfer to a
container to obtain an emulsified foundation of this invention.
Example 7
[0157]
3 Production of an Oil-Based Foundation Ingredient Weight No.
Ingredient parts (1) Squalane 66.8 (2) Octyldodecyl Oleate 5.0 (3)
Microcrystalline Wax 5.5 (4) Polyethylene Wax 0.5 (5) Colored
Pigments 12.0 (6) Covered Composite 9.0 Pigment (Example 1) (7)
Composite Pigment 1.0 (Example 2) (8) Perfume 0.2
[0158] [Method of Production]
[0159] After heating and dissolving the above ingredients (1)
.about.(4) at 85.degree. C., increase the temperature to
100.degree. C. Then return the temperature to 85.degree. C., and
confirm that the ingredients are completely dissolved. Add to this,
ingredients (5).about.(7) and agitate until dispersed homogenously.
Afterwards, a vacuum-defoaming process was carried out, and
ingredient (8) was added, and transferred to a container to obtain
an oil-based foundation of this invention.
Comparative Example 2
[0160] This comparative example was prepared similarly to Example
5, aside from using the covered powder (production method of
Japanese Patent Kokai Publication JP-A-9-20609 was used) obtained
from Comparative Example 1, instead of the silicone treated
muscovite (covered composite pigment; Example 1).
Comparative Example 3
[0161] This comparative example was prepared similarly to example
5, aside from using the composite pigment (silicone treated)
obtained from Comparative Example 2, instead of the silicone
treated muscovite (covered composite pigment; Example 1).
Comparative Example 4
[0162] This comparative example was prepared by repeating Example
5, aside from using muscovite (silicone treated), instead of the
silicone treated muscovite (covered composite pigment; Example
1).
[0163] [Feel : Evaluation of Smoothness]
[0164] [Measurement of Coefficient of Dynamic Friction (Measurement
of Smoothness)]
[0165] A measurement of smoothness was performed by the method
defined above, to obtain a coefficient of dynamic friction for each
sample. The results were as follows. The silicone treatment of 4%
is a treatment by .alpha.-triethoxy polydimethylpolysiloxane.
4 Silicone Treated Sample Untreated (.times. 10.sup.-1) (.times.
10.sup.-1) Example 1 2.20 1.94 Example 2 2.16 1.90 Comparative
Example 1 3.35 3.05 Muscovite 2.91 2.24 Sericite 2.23 1.97
[0166] Lower numbers represents better smoothness in the table
above, and as the results show, the present invention is the same
or is better in smoothness when compared with sericite, which is
considered to have good smoothness as a pigment usable for
cosmetics. In addition, it can be seen that the effect is
remarkably improved with the use of a silicone treatment.
[0167] [Evaluation of Color Drabness]
[0168] The drabness of color was evaluated for each sample,
according to the above-defined method. The results were as follows.
The `L`, `a`, and `b` value shown below represent the Hunter
equation values where `L` represents brightness, `a` represents the
degree of redness, and `b` represents the degree of yellowness.
5 .DELTA. E Dry Powder Wet Powder (Color Sample L a b L a B
difference) Example 1 89.01 0.52 3.54 70.05 0.87 6.26 19.15 Example
2 90.03 0.41 2.54 69.88 0.60 6.51 20.53 Comparative 93.91 0.81 2.50
69.84 0.62 8.87 24.90 Example 1 Muscovite 86.04 0.60 6.68 53.66
2.66 14.53 33.28
[0169]
6 Degree of change of L Degree of change of b Sample value value
Example 1 18.96 2.72 Example 2 20.15 3.97 Comparative 24.07 6.37
Example 1 Muscovite 32.38 7.85
[0170] The products of examples 1 and 2 have very little difference
of change of the L value (value of brightness) between the wet and
dry condition, whereas the product of comparative example 1
(described in JP-A-9-20609) and muscovite have a rather large
difference, indicating a lower brightness when wet with oil. A
comparison of the b value (degree of yellow) show the same result,
where the product of examples 1 and 2 have little degree of change,
compared to the product of comparative example 1 and muscovite,
which have a large degree of change. This result indicates that the
product of comparative example 1 and muscovite, when wet with oil,
darken, and make the degree of yellow stronger, indicating larger
color drabness. As seen from above, the product of the present
invention has remarkably improved color drabness.
[0171] [Evaluation of the Gloss by a Spectrophotogoniometer]
[0172] The result of the evaluation is shown in FIG. 5, by the
method as described above for each sample. From the results, it can
be seen that the product of the present invention has a light
reflection that is very similar to the skin at all angles, but is a
little bit brighter, indicating that such drabness is remarkably
improved.
[0173] [Visual Evaluation]
[0174] Each sample was visually evaluated by the following method.
The criterion for evaluation was done in 7 ranks of "not at all",
"slightly", "a little", "comparatively", "considerably", "very" and
"extremely". The evaluation method of the condition and
noticeability of blemishes, was performed as mentioned above.
7 Gloss Not at all .about.Extremely 0 points 6 points Noticeability
of Not noticeable .about.Extremely 0 points wrinkles 6 points
Transparency Not at all .about.Extremely 6 points 0 points
Noticeability of Not noticeable .about.Extremely 0 points blemishes
6 points Brightness of skin Not at all .about.Extremely 6 points
(Cosmetic film) 0 points Drabness of skin Not at all
.about.Extremely 0 points (Cosmetic film) 6 points
[0175] [Evaluation of Material]
[0176] The result of the evaluation of the material itself for each
sample is shown below.
8 Notice- Notice- Bright- Drab- ability ability ness ness of Trans-
of of of Sample Gloss Wrinkles parency Blemishes Skin Skin Example
1 5.7 5.5 5.7 5.9 5.8 5.6 Example 2 5.6 5.3 5.9 5.4 5.5 5.0
Comparative 5.4 4.6 5.5 4.7 2.7 2.9 Example 1
[0177] When the product of the present invention is compared with
the product described in JP-A-9-20609, the gloss is kept low, while
the transparency is increased, when applied on the skin. It can be
seen that the present invention is excellent in its ability to hide
the troubled morphology of the skin (make wrinkles less noticeable)
and trouble skin tone (make blemishes less noticeable), as well as
restraining the drabness, and making the skin look brighter.
[0178] [Evaluation of Formulations]
[0179] The results of the evaluation of the formulations for each
of the samples are shown below.
9 Notice- Notice- Bright- Drab- ability ability ness ness of Trans-
of of of Sample Gloss Wrinkles parency Blemishes Skin Skin Example
5 4.5 4.9 4.6 4.9 4.9 4.7 Example 6 4.2 4.4 4.7 4.6 4.6 4.5 Example
7 4.0 4.4 4.5 4.7 4.3 4.4 Comparative 3.6 3.1 4.0 3.5 1.9 2.6
Example 2 Comparative 4.7 4.7 4.5 4.6 4.1 Example 3 Comparative 1.6
0.7 1.8 1.7 0.5 1.9 Example 4
[0180] From the above results, it can be seen that the product of
the present invention is remarkably better than the product of the
comparative example, with respect to the material itself and the
formulation that contains the same. With regard to the present
invention, although the material, when included in a formulation,
gets diluted by other ingredients, and therefore should have a
lower effect than what is expected, is still effective and shows
excellent effects when included in a formulation.
[0181] Effect of the Invention
[0182] When the composite powder in the present invention is
included in cosmetics, it shows excellent transparency, makes both
the troubled morphology of the skin such as, wrinkles, pore
openings, hard texture of the skin less noticeable, and the trouble
skin tone of the skin such as, blemishes, freckles, and acne traces
less noticeable, as well as having a smoother feel and lesser color
drabness, and makes the skin look brighter, when compared to
conventional products.
[0183] When an aluminum hydroxide layer is covered on the said
composite pigment, or a silicone surface treatment is placed on the
said composite pigment, the above-defined purpose of the present
invention can be increased to an even higher extent.
* * * * *