United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO)
Office Action (Official Letter) About Applicant’s Trademark Application
U.S. Application Serial No. 90175507
Mark: SPANGLE
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Correspondence Address:
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Applicant: FASHION & PEOPLE, Inc.
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Reference/Docket No. 7433TM02
Correspondence Email Address: |
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NONFINAL OFFICE ACTION
The USPTO must receive applicant’s response to this letter within six months of the issue date below or the application will be abandoned. Respond using the Trademark Electronic Application System (TEAS). A link to the appropriate TEAS response form appears at the end of this Office action.
Issue date: December 18, 2020
SECTION 2(d) REFUSAL – LIKELIHOOD OF CONFUSION
Applicant seeks to register SPANGLE for “bathing suits, bathing trunks, beach coverups, beachwear, bikinis, blazers, blouses, bodysuits, boxer shorts, cardigans, coats, coveralls, coverups, dresses, gym shorts, halter tops, jackets, jeans, kaftans, knit shirts, lingerie, pajamas, panties, pants, pullovers, rainwear, sarongs, shirts, polo shirts, sport shirts, sweat shirts, undershirts, utility shirts, sheaths, shorts, skirts, slacks, socks, sweaters, swim trunks, swimwear, swimsuits, T-shirts, tank tops, tights, trousers, tunics, turtlenecks, vests, Clothing wraps; Hooded pullovers; Hooded sweat shirts; Hoods; Leggings; Sports jackets; Sweatpants; Tops as clothing; Yoga tops ; Women's athletic tops with built-in bras; Women's clothing, namely, shirts, dresses, skirts, blouses; Athletic pants; Athletic shirts; Athletic shorts; Athletic tights; Athletic skirts; Athletic tights; Athletic apparel, namely, shirts, pants, jackets, footwear, hats and caps, athletic uniforms;Sports caps and hats; Sport stockings; Sports pants; Sports bra; Footwear not for sports; Sports shirts with short sleeves;Sports shirts; Sports overuniforms; Sport coats; Sports shoes; Sports vests; Boots for sport; Sports jerseys and breeches for sports; Sports bras; Sports jerseys; Golf towels; Golf shorts; Golf shirts; Golf trousers; Golf caps; Golf shoes; Golf pants, shirts and skirts; Men's socks; Men's dress socks; Ankle socks; Socks and stockings; Sleeves worn separate and apart from blouses, shirts and other tops; Long-sleeved shirts; Knit face masks being headwear; Sleep masks; Ski masks; Fashion masks; Masks; Clothing, namely, face coverings and masks; Face masks of cloth or fabric” in Class 25.
Although not all du Pont factors may be relevant, there are generally two key considerations in any likelihood of confusion analysis: (1) the similarities between the compared marks and (2) the relatedness of the compared goods. See In re i.am.symbolic, llc, 866 F.3d at 1322, 123 USPQ2d at 1747 (quoting Herbko Int’l, Inc. v. Kappa Books, Inc., 308 F.3d 1156, 1164-65, 64 USPQ2d 1375, 1380 (Fed. Cir. 2002)); Federated Foods, Inc. v. Fort Howard Paper Co.,544 F.2d 1098, 1103, 192 USPQ 24, 29 (C.C.P.A. 1976) (“The fundamental inquiry mandated by [Section] 2(d) goes to the cumulative effect of differences in the essential characteristics of the goods [or services] and differences in the marks.”); TMEP §1207.01.
SIMILARITY OF THE MARKS
Marks are compared in their entireties for similarities in appearance, sound, connotation, and commercial impression. Stone Lion Capital Partners, LP v. Lion Capital LLP, 746 F.3d 1317, 1321, 110 USPQ2d 1157, 1160 (Fed. Cir. 2014) (quoting Palm Bay Imps., Inc. v. Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin Maison Fondee En 1772, 396 F.3d 1369, 1371, 73 USPQ2d 1689, 1691 (Fed. Cir. 2005)); TMEP §1207.01(b)-(b)(v). “Similarity in any one of these elements may be sufficient to find the marks confusingly similar.” In re Inn at St. John’s, LLC, 126 USPQ2d 1742, 1746 (TTAB 2018) (citing In re Davia, 110 USPQ2d 1810, 1812 (TTAB 2014)), aff’d per curiam, 777 F. App’x 516, 2019 BL 343921 (Fed. Cir. 2019); TMEP §1207.01(b).
When comparing marks, “[t]he proper test is not a side-by-side comparison of the marks, but instead whether the marks are sufficiently similar in terms of their commercial impression such that [consumers] who encounter the marks would be likely to assume a connection between the parties.” Cai v. Diamond Hong, Inc., 901 F.3d 1367, 1373, 127 USPQ2d 1797, 1801 (Fed. Cir. 2018) (quoting Coach Servs., Inc. v. Triumph Learning LLC, 668 F.3d 1356, 1368, 101 USPQ2d 1713, 1721 (Fed. Cir. 2012)); TMEP §1207.01(b). The proper focus is on the recollection of the average purchaser, who retains a general rather than specific impression of trademarks. In re Inn at St. John’s, LLC, 126 USPQ2d 1742, 1746 (TTAB 2018) (citing In re St. Helena Hosp., 774 F.3d 747, 750-51, 113 USPQ2d 1082, 1085 (Fed. Cir. 2014); Geigy Chem. Corp. v. Atlas Chem. Indus., Inc., 438 F.2d 1005, 1007, 169 USPQ 39, 40 (C.C.P.A. 1971)), aff’d per curiam, 777 F. App’x 516, 2019 BL 343921 (Fed. Cir. 2019); TMEP §1207.01(b).
Applicant has applied for the standard character mark SPANGLE and the cited registrations are the standard character mark SPANGLED, and its co-owned stylized variant SPANGLED. The marks are identical except applicant deletes the last letter D. This results in nearly identical marks in appearance, sound, and connotation, and these elements altogether lead to a very similar commercial impression.
Although the D minorly alters the sound, slight differences in the sound of similar marks will not avoid a likelihood of confusion. In re Energy Telecomms. & Elec. Ass’n, 222 USPQ 350, 351 (TTAB 1983); see In re Viterra Inc., 671 F.3d 1358, 1367, 101 USPQ2d 1905, 1912 (Fed. Cir. 2012).
Because the marks are similar in appearance, sound, connotation and commercial impression, the marks are confusingly similar.
RELATEDNESS OF THE GOODS
The applicant identifies the following goods:
Class 25 bathing suits, bathing trunks, beach coverups, beachwear, bikinis, blazers, blouses, bodysuits, boxer shorts, cardigans, coats, coveralls, coverups, dresses, gym shorts, halter tops, jackets, jeans, kaftans, knit shirts, lingerie, pajamas, panties, pants, pullovers, rainwear, sarongs, shirts, polo shirts, sport shirts, sweat shirts, undershirts, utility shirts, sheaths, shorts, skirts, slacks, socks, sweaters, swim trunks, swimwear, swimsuits, T-shirts, tank tops, tights, trousers, tunics, turtlenecks, vests, Clothing wraps; Hooded pullovers; Hooded sweat shirts; Hoods; Leggings; Sports jackets; Sweatpants; Tops as clothing; Yoga tops ; Women's athletic tops with built-in bras; Women's clothing, namely, shirts, dresses, skirts, blouses; Athletic pants; Athletic shirts; Athletic shorts; Athletic tights; Athletic skirts; Athletic tights; Athletic apparel, namely, shirts, pants, jackets, footwear, hats and caps, athletic uniforms;Sports caps and hats; Sport stockings; Sports pants; Sports bra; Footwear not for sports; Sports shirts with short sleeves;Sports shirts; Sports overuniforms; Sport coats; Sports shoes; Sports vests; Boots for sport; Sports jerseys and breeches for sports; Sports bras; Sports jerseys; Golf towels; Golf shorts; Golf shirts; Golf trousers; Golf caps; Golf shoes; Golf pants, shirts and skirts; Men's socks; Men's dress socks; Ankle socks; Socks and stockings; Sleeves worn separate and apart from blouses, shirts and other tops; Long-sleeved shirts; Knit face masks being headwear; Sleep masks; Ski masks; Fashion masks; Masks; Clothing, namely, face coverings and masks; Face masks of cloth or fabric
Registrant identifies the following goods:
Class 25 Clothing and accessories, namely, shirts, blouses, tank tops, sweaters, jackets, pants, jeans, shorts, sweatpants, sweatshirts, dresses, skirts, scarves, gloves, shoes, hats, belts, socks
Generally, the greater degree of similarity between the applied-for mark and the registered mark, the lesser the degree of similarity between the goods of the parties is required to support a finding of likelihood of confusion. In re C.H. Hanson Co., 116 USPQ2d 1351, 1353 (TTAB 2015) (citing In re Opus One Inc., 60 USPQ2d 1812, 1815 (TTAB 2001)); In re Thor Tech, Inc., 90 USPQ2d 1634, 1636 (TTAB 2009). Here, as discussed above, the marks are highly similar.
Thus, applicant’s and registrant’s goods are considered related for likelihood of confusion purposes. See, e.g., In re Davey Prods. Pty Ltd., 92 USPQ2d 1198, 1202-04 (TTAB 2009); In re Toshiba Med. Sys. Corp., 91 USPQ2d 1266, 1268-69, 1271-72 (TTAB 2009).
Because the marks are confusingly similar and the goods are related, there is a likelihood of confusion to relevant consumers, and therefore registration is refused.
Applicant should note the following additional ground for refusal.
SECTION 2(e)(1) REFUSAL - MERELY DESCRIPTIVE
Applicant has applied for the mark SPANGLE for “bathing suits, bathing trunks, beach coverups, beachwear, bikinis, blazers, blouses, bodysuits, boxer shorts, cardigans, coats, coveralls, coverups, dresses, gym shorts, halter tops, jackets, jeans, kaftans, knit shirts, lingerie, pajamas, panties, pants, pullovers, rainwear, sarongs, shirts, polo shirts, sport shirts, sweat shirts, undershirts, utility shirts, sheaths, shorts, skirts, slacks, socks, sweaters, swim trunks, swimwear, swimsuits, T-shirts, tank tops, tights, trousers, tunics, turtlenecks, vests, Clothing wraps; Hooded pullovers; Hooded sweat shirts; Hoods; Leggings; Sports jackets; Sweatpants; Tops as clothing; Yoga tops ; Women's athletic tops with built-in bras; Women's clothing, namely, shirts, dresses, skirts, blouses; Athletic pants; Athletic shirts; Athletic shorts; Athletic tights; Athletic skirts; Athletic tights; Athletic apparel, namely, shirts, pants, jackets, footwear, hats and caps, athletic uniforms;Sports caps and hats; Sport stockings; Sports pants; Sports bra; Footwear not for sports; Sports shirts with short sleeves;Sports shirts; Sports overuniforms; Sport coats; Sports shoes; Sports vests; Boots for sport; Sports jerseys and breeches for sports; Sports bras; Sports jerseys; Golf towels; Golf shorts; Golf shirts; Golf trousers; Golf caps; Golf shoes; Golf pants, shirts and skirts; Men's socks; Men's dress socks; Ankle socks; Socks and stockings; Sleeves worn separate and apart from blouses, shirts and other tops; Long-sleeved shirts; Knit face masks being headwear; Sleep masks; Ski masks; Fashion masks; Masks; Clothing, namely, face coverings and masks; Face masks of cloth or fabric”.
SPANGLE is defined in the attached Merriam Webster dictionary as “a small plate of shining metal or plastic used for ornamentation especially on clothing”. This shows the term SPANGLE describes the goods because they can feature spangles. The attached internet evidence shows that the term SPANGLE is used by third parties to describe clothing decorated or made with spangles.
http://www.ambromanufacturing.com/spangled-clothing/
http://www.etsy.com/listing/884915280/spangled-vintage-1950s-dress-ball-gown
http://fashion-history.lovetoknow.com/clothing-closures-embellishments/spangles
http://www.thelineup.com/spangles
For purposes of evaluating a trademark, material obtained from the Internet is generally accepted as competent evidence. See In re Bayer Aktiengesellschaft, 488 F.3d 960, 966, 82 USPQ2d 1828, 1833 (Fed. Cir. 2007); In re Reed Elsevier Props., Inc., 482 F.3d 1376, 1380, 82 USPQ2d 1378, 1381 (Fed. Cir. 2007); TBMP §1208.03; TMEP §710.01(b).
For the reasons stated above, applicant’s mark is merely descriptive of the applied-for goods and registration is refused.
ADVISORY: SUPPLEMENTAL REGISTER PRESENTLY UNAVAILABLE
If applicant files an acceptable allegation of use and also amends to the Supplemental Register, the application effective filing date will be the date applicant met the minimum filing requirements under 37 C.F.R. §2.76(c) for an amendment to allege use. TMEP §§816.02, 1102.03; see 37 C.F.R. §2.75(b). In addition, the undersigned trademark examining attorney will conduct a new search of the USPTO records for conflicting marks based on the later application filing date. TMEP §§206.01, 1102.03.
REQUIREMENT: IDENTIFICATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF GOODS
In addition, Golf towels are definite but are specifically classified in Class 24.
If modifying one of the duplicate entries, applicant may amend it to clarify or limit the goods, but not to broaden or expand the goods beyond those in the original application or as acceptably amended. See 37 C.F.R. §2.71(a); TMEP §1402.06. Also, generally, any deleted goods may not later be reinserted. TMEP §1402.07(e).
Applicant may substitute the following wording, if accurate (additions are shown in bold):
Class 8 Knife sheaths
Class 10 Fashion masks being sanitary masks for protection against viral infection; face coverings being sanitary masks for protection against viral infection
Class 24 Golf towels
Class 25 bathing suits, bathing trunks, beach coverups, beachwear, bikinis, blazers, blouses, bodysuits, boxer shorts, cardigans, coats, coveralls, coverups, dresses, gym shorts, halter tops, jackets, jeans, kaftans, knit shirts, lingerie, pajamas, panties, pants, pullovers, rainwear, sarongs, shirts, polo shirts, sport shirts, sweat shirts, undershirts, utility shirts, shorts, skirts, slacks, socks, sweaters, swim trunks, swimwear, swimsuits, T-shirts, tank tops, tights, trousers, tunics, turtlenecks, vests, Clothing wraps; Hooded pullovers; Hooded sweat shirts; Hoods; Leggings; Sports jackets; Sweatpants; Tops as clothing; Yoga tops ; Women's athletic tops with built-in bras; Women's clothing, namely, shirts, dresses, skirts, blouses; Athletic pants; Athletic shirts; Athletic shorts; Athletic tights; Athletic skirts; Athletic apparel, namely, shirts, pants, jackets, footwear, hats and caps, athletic uniforms; Sports caps and hats; Sport stockings; Sports pants; Sports bra; Footwear not for sports; Sports shirts with short sleeves; Sports shirts; Sports overuniforms; Sport coats; Sports shoes; Sports vests; Boots for sport; Sports jerseys and breeches for sports; Sports bras; Sports jerseys; Golf shorts; Golf shirts; Golf trousers; Golf caps; Golf shoes; Golf pants, shirts and skirts; Men's socks; Men's dress socks; Ankle socks; Socks and stockings; Sleeves worn separate and apart from blouses, shirts and other tops; Long-sleeved shirts; Knit face masks being headwear; Sleep masks; Ski masks
For assistance with identifying and classifying goods in trademark applications, please see the USPTO’s online searchable U.S. Acceptable Identification of Goods and Services Manual. See TMEP §1402.04.
MULTIPLE-CLASS APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS
(1) List the goods by their international class number in consecutive numerical order, starting with the lowest numbered class.
(2) Submit a filing fee for each international class not covered by the fee already paid (view the USPTO’s current fee schedule). The application identifies goods that are classified in at least 3 classes; however, applicant submitted a fee sufficient for only 1 class. Applicant must either submit the filing fees for the classes not covered by the submitted fees or restrict the application to the number of classes covered by the fees already paid.
See 37 C.F.R. §2.86(a); TMEP §§1403.01, 1403.02(c).
For an overview of the requirements for a Section 1(b) multiple-class application and how to satisfy the requirements online using the Trademark Electronic Application System (TEAS) form, see the Multiple-class Application webpage.
ASSISTANCE
The USPTO does not accept emails as responses to Office actions; however, emails can be used for informal communications and are included in the application record. See 37 C.F.R. §§2.62(c), 2.191; TMEP §§304.01-.02, 709.04-.05.
How to respond. Click to file a response to this nonfinal Office action.
/benjaminrosen/
Benjamin Rosen
Examining Attorney
Law Office 120
(571) 272-8425
benjamin.rosen@uspto.gov
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