U.S. patent number RE48,545 [Application Number 16/195,477] was granted by the patent office on 2021-05-04 for dot sighting device with large caliber.
This patent grant is currently assigned to DONGIN OPTICAL CO., LTD.. The grantee listed for this patent is DONGIN OPTICAL CO., LTD.. Invention is credited to In Jung, Dong Hee Lee.
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United States Patent |
RE48,545 |
Jung , et al. |
May 4, 2021 |
Dot sighting device with large caliber
Abstract
Provided is a dot sighting device with large caliber for
binocular vision in which sighting can be performed rapidly and
accurately by minimizing parallax. The dot sighting device is
attached to and detached from a mount for a heavy machine gun. In
addition, by using the dot sighting device with large caliber, a
user can rapidly and accurately sight and fire a target by taking
into consideration types and characteristics of the target and a
distance to the target.
Inventors: |
Jung; In (Bucheon-si,
KR), Lee; Dong Hee (Seongnam-si, KR) |
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
DONGIN OPTICAL CO., LTD. |
Bucheon-si |
N/A |
KR |
|
|
Assignee: |
DONGIN OPTICAL CO., LTD.
(Bucheon-si, KR)
|
Family
ID: |
75644551 |
Appl.
No.: |
16/195,477 |
Filed: |
November 19, 2018 |
PCT
Filed: |
July 03, 2008 |
PCT No.: |
PCT/KR2008/003944 |
371(c)(1),(2),(4) Date: |
January 04, 2010 |
PCT
Pub. No.: |
WO2009/008629 |
PCT
Pub. Date: |
January 15, 2009 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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15879426 |
Jan 24, 2018 |
RE47256 |
|
|
|
13755913 |
Mar 27, 2018 |
RE46764 |
|
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Reissue of: |
12667576 |
Jul 3, 2008 |
8087196 |
Jan 3, 2012 |
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Reissue of: |
12667576 |
Jul 3, 2008 |
8087196 |
Jan 3, 2012 |
|
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Foreign Application Priority Data
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Jul 6, 2007 [KR] |
|
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10-2007-06667861 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F41G
1/20 (20130101); F41G 1/033 (20130101); F41G
1/30 (20130101); G02B 23/105 (20130101); F41G
1/28 (20130101); G02B 27/30 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F41G
1/00 (20060101); F41G 1/30 (20060101); G02B
23/10 (20060101); F41G 1/28 (20060101); F41G
1/20 (20060101); F41G 1/033 (20060101); G02B
27/30 (20060101) |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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619296 |
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Sep 1980 |
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CH |
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0239700 |
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Oct 1987 |
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EP |
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03-191389 |
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Aug 1991 |
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JP |
|
100667472 |
|
Jan 2007 |
|
KR |
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10-0921308 |
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Oct 2009 |
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KR |
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Other References
International Search Report dated Sep. 13, 2012 in connection with
international patent application No. PCT/KR2012/001626. cited by
applicant.
|
Primary Examiner: Jastrzab; Jeffrey R
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Baker & McKenzie
Parent Case Text
.Iadd.CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS .Iaddend.
.Iadd.This application is a reissue continuation of application
Ser. No. 15/879,426 filed on Jan. 24, 2019, which is a reissue
continuation of application Ser. No. 13/755,913, filed Jan. 31,
2013 now issued as U.S. Pat. No. RE46,764, which is a reissue of
U.S. Pat. No. 8,087,196, the entire contents of each of which are
incorporated herein in their entirety. This application is related
to application Ser. No. 15/598,007, filed May 17, 2017, which is a
reissue continuation of application Ser. No. 15/194,065, filed Jun.
27, 2016 now issued as U.S. Pat. No. RE46,487, which is a reissue
divisional of application Ser. No. 13/755,913, filed Jan. 31, 2013
now issued as U.S. Pat. No. RE46,764, which is a reissue of U.S.
Pat. No. 8,087,196. .Iaddend.
Claims
The invention claimed is:
.[.1. A dot sighting device comprising: a reflection mirror; an
illumination having a LED irradiating light to the reflection
mirror and a transparent reticle that is positioned in front of the
LED and forms a dot image by transmitting the light irradiated from
the LED; a fixed grille formed on a lower portion of the dot
sighting device; wherein the dot sighting device is attached to and
detached from a mount for a heavy machine gun by the fixed grille;
wherein the reflection mirror comprises a doublet, with a first
surface, an interior second surface and a third surface, with the
first surface and third surface being spherical, wherein the
interior second surface of the reflection mirror comprises a LED
reflection surface; wherein a radius curvature of the first and
third surfaces satisfies the following equation:
.times..times..times..times. ##EQU00004## wherein D.sub.1 denotes a
refractive power of the first surface D.sub.2 denotes a refractive
power of the third surface, d denotes a distance between the
centers of the first and third surfaces, R.sub.1 denotes a radius
curvature of the first surface, R.sub.3 denotes a radius curvature
of the third surface, and n denotes a refractive index of the
material..].
.[.2. The dot sighting device of claim 1, further comprising a
reticle selection Unit connected to the illumination unit, wherein
the transparent reticle is formed on a plane perpendicular to a
reticle rotation axis that extends from the reticle selection unit
and penetrates the illumination unit, thus being able to rotate
based on the reticle rotation axis by rotation of the reticle
selection unit, and a plurality of reticles according to a target
are formed on the transparent reticle on the same radial axis
around the reticle rotation axis, and one of the reticles
corresponding to the target is selected by rotating the reticle
selection unit according to the target..].
.[.3. The dot sighting device of claim 1, further comprising a
reticle selection unit connected to the illumination unit, wherein
the transparent reticle is formed on a plane perpendicular to a
reticle rotation axis that extends from the reticle selection unit
and penetrates the illumination unit, thus being able to rotate
based on the reticle rotation axis by rotation of the reticle
selection unit, and a plurality of reticles are formed on the
transparent reticle on the same radius axis around the reticle
rotation axis, wherein the reticles are formed closer to the
reticle rotation axis as a distance to the corresponding point of
impact is farther, and one of the reticles is selected by rotating
the reticle rotation unit according to a distance to the
target..].
.[.4. A dot sighting device comprising: a reflection mirror; an
illumination having a LED irradiating light to the reflection
mirror and a transparent reticle that is positioned in front of the
LED and forms a dot image by transmitting the light irradiated from
the LED; a fixed grille formed on a lower portion of the dot
sighting device; wherein the dot sighting device is attached to and
detached from a mount for a heavy machine gun by the fixed grille;
the dot sighting device further comprising a reticle selection unit
connected to the illumination unit, wherein the transparent reticle
is formed on a plane perpendicular to a reticle rotation axis that
extends from the reticle selection unit and penetrates the
illumination unit, thus being able to rotate based on the reticle
rotation axis by rotation of the reticle selection unit, and a
plurality of reticles according to a target are formed on the
transparent reticle on the same radial axis around the reticle
rotation axis, and one of the reticles corresponding to the target
is selected by rotating the reticle selection unit according to the
target; wherein the reticle rotation axis comprises, around a
reticle rotation connection axis, a rotation axis on an
illumination unit side having a convex-concave portion with a
plurality of convexes-concaves corresponding to a distance to a
point of impact; and a rotation axis on a reticle selection unit
side that has protrusions coupled to desired convexes-concaves of
the convex-concave portion on an end thereof and the other end of
which is connected to the transparent reticle, wherein the rotation
axis on the illumination unit side and the rotation axis on the
reticle selection unit side are separated from each other by
pulling the reticle selection unit, and then the reticle selection
unit is rotated so as to couple a desired convex-concave
corresponding to the distance to the point of impact of the
convex-concave portion of the rotation axis on the illumination
unit side with the protrusion of the rotation axis on the reticle
selection unit side..].
.[.5. A dot sighting device comprising: a reflection mirror; an
illumination having a LED irradiating light to the reflection
mirror and a transparent reticle that is positioned in front of the
LED and forms a dot image by transmitting the light irradiated from
the LED; a fixed grille formed on a lower portion of the dot
sighting device, wherein the dot sighting device is attached to and
detached from a mount for a heavy machine gun by the fixed grille;
wherein the upper plate comprises a protective window; a reflection
mirror; and an illumination unit, and wherein the lower plate
comprises: a fixed grille formed on a lower portion of the dot
sighting device; a bullet path adjustment handle installed at a
side surface of the dot sighting device; a click control bolt that
connects the upper and lower plates and sets an origin point; a
bullet path adjustment body that is accommodated in a bullet path
adjustment body accommodation unit formed in the lower plate and is
connected to the upper plate by fixing an end on the lower plate
side of the click control bolt to an upper portion of a plate
connection rotation axis penetrating a side surface of the lower
plate; a bullet path adjustment axis that comprises a bullet path
adjustment portion positioned on a bullet path adjustment axis
contact portion at an end of the bullet path adjustment body, and
penetrates the lower plate, thereby being connected to the bullet
path adjustment handle; a connection pin of the bullet path
adjustment body and the lower plate, penetrating the other end of
the bullet path adjustment body and the lower plate from a side
surface of the lower plate, thereby connecting the bullet path
adjustment body and the lower plate; and a spring accommodation
portion formed in a top surface of the lower plate on the bullet
path adjustment axis contact portion side based on the connection
pin, wherein the spring accommodation portion accommodates a
spring, thereby pushing the upper plate and the lower plate apart
from each other, wherein the bullet path adjustment body is
rotatable around the upper/lower plate connection rotation axis,
wherein the bullet path adjustment axis contacts a top surface of
the bullet path adjustment axis contact portion of the bullet path
adjustment body, and comprises a bullet path adjustment portion
having a plurality of contact surfaces each having a different
normal distance from the center of the bullet path adjustment axis,
corresponding to a distance to a target, wherein, in the bullet
path adjustment portion, by rotating the bullet path adjustment
handle, a contact surface corresponding to a distance to a desired
target contacts the bullet path adjustment axis contact
portion..].
.[.6. A dot sighting device comprising: a reflection mirror; an
illumination having a LED irradiating light to the reflection
mirror and a transparent reticle that is positioned in front of the
LED and forms a dot image by transmitting the light irradiated from
the LED; a fixed grille formed on a lower portion of the dot
sighting device, wherein the dot sighting device is attached to and
detached from a mount for a heavy machine gun by the fixed grille;
the dot sighting device further comprising a reticle selection unit
connected to the illumination unit, wherein the transparent reticle
is formed on a plane perpendicular to a reticle rotation axis that
extends from the reticle selection unit and penetrates the
illumination unit, thus being able to rotate based on the reticle
rotation axis by rotation of the reticle selection unit, and a
plurality of reticles are formed on the transparent reticle on the
same radius axis around the reticle rotation axis, wherein the
reticles are formed closer to the reticle rotation axis as a
distance to the corresponding point of impact is farther, and one
of the reticles is selected by rotating the reticle rotation unit
according to a distance to the target wherein the reticle rotation
axis comprises, around a reticle rotation connection axis, a
rotation axis on an illumination unit side having a convex-concave
portion with a plurality of convexes-concaves corresponding to a
distance to a point of impact; and a rotation axis on a reticle
selection unit side that has protrusions coupled to desired
convexes-concaves of the convex-concave portion on an end thereof
and the other end of which is connected to the transparent reticle,
wherein the rotation axis on the illumination unit side and the
rotation axis on the reticle selection unit side are separated from
each other by pulling the reticle selection unit, and then the
reticle selection unit is rotated so as to couple a desired
convex-concave corresponding to the distance to the point of impact
of the convex-concave portion of the rotation axis on the
illumination unit side with the protrusion of the rotation axis on
the reticle selection unit side..].
.[.7. The dot sighting device of claim 1, wherein the second
surface comprises an aspheric surface having a conic
coefficient..].
.Iadd.8. A dot sighting device, comprising: an illumination element
that irradiates light to form an image; a reflection element that
reflects at least a portion of the light irradiated by the
illumination element, a light ray path extending from the
illumination element to the reflection element; a connecting
element formed on a portion of the dot sighting device; a housing
having a surface facing the light ray path, a width of the surface
proximal the reflection element being greater than a width of the
surface proximal the illumination element; wherein the dot sighting
device is attachable to and detachable from a mount by the
connecting element; wherein the reflection element comprises a
doublet, with a first surface, an interior second surface and a
third surface; wherein a radius curvature of the second surface is
greater than a radius curvature of the third surface; and wherein
the radius curvature of the second surface is greater than a radius
curvature of the first surface. .Iaddend.
.Iadd.9. The dot sighting device of claim 8, wherein the width of
the surface increases from a point proximal the illumination
element to a point proximal the reflection element. .Iaddend.
.Iadd.10. The dot sighting device of claim 8, wherein the housing
includes sidewalls. .Iaddend.
.Iadd.11. The dot sighting device of claim 10, wherein a height of
the sidewalls at a first side portion is higher than a height of
the sidewalls at a second side portion. .Iaddend.
.Iadd.12. The dot sighting device of claim 11, wherein the height
of the sidewalls reduces from the first side portion to the second
side portion. .Iaddend.
.Iadd.13. The dot sighting device of claim 10, wherein the housing
includes a top portion connecting the sidewalls. .Iaddend.
.Iadd.14. The dot sighting device of claim 13, wherein the top
portion is disposed at the first side portion. .Iaddend.
.Iadd.15. The dot sighting device of claim 14, where the top
portion is not disposed at the second side portion. .Iaddend.
.Iadd.16. The dot sighting device of claim 10, wherein a light ray
path extending from the illumination element to the reflection
element has a height greater than a height of the sidewalls in at
least one location. .Iaddend.
.Iadd.17. The dot sighting device of claim 8, wherein the doublet
includes a first lens having the first surface and a second lens
having the third surface, and the interior second surface is
disposed between the first lens and the second lens. .Iaddend.
.Iadd.18. The dot sighting device of claim 8, wherein the interior
second surface reflects the light irradiated by the illumination
element. .Iaddend.
.Iadd.19. The dot sighting device of claim 8, wherein the radius
curvature of the third surface is greater than the radius curvature
of the first surface. .Iaddend.
.Iadd.20. The dot sighting device of claim 8, wherein the first and
third surfaces are spherical. .Iaddend.
.Iadd.21. The dot sighting device of claim 8, wherein the second
surface is spherical. .Iaddend.
.Iadd.22. The dot sighting device of claim 8, wherein the light
irradiated by the illumination element passes through a reticle
before being reflected by the reflection element. .Iaddend.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a sighting device installed in a
heavy machine gun, and more particularly, to a dot sighting device
with large caliber for binocular vision.
BACKGROUND ART
Characteristics of a rifle or heavy machine gun are determined
according to whether the user wants to rapidly sight and fire and
whether the user wants to accurately sight a target. In general,
rifles or heavy machine guns sight a target by aligning a line of
sight of a rear sight and a front sight. The sighting performed by
the aligning of the line of sight of the front sight positioned at
an end of a gun barrel and the rear sight positioned at an upper
portion of a gun body allows the user to accurately fire according
to their ability.
However, when the sighting is performed using both the rear sight
and the front sight, it is difficult to align the line of sight due
to even small vibrations or tremors, and it is difficult to rapidly
sight a target at a short distance or in an urgent situation.
That is, in such situations, complicated processes, such as capture
and confirmation of a target, alignment of a line of sight,
sighting, etc., and time are required. In addition, since the front
sight and the rear sight are themselves very small, they are
sensitive to even small vibrations when the front sight and the
rear sight are accurately aligned. Moreover, when a user
excessively concentrates on the alignment of the line of sight, the
user s sight is focused on the front sight and the rear sight
rather than the target or front circumstances. Thus, the user
focuses too much attention on the alignment of the line of sight to
the detriment of other duties such as firing or coping with urgent
situations.
Accordingly, to cope with the difficulty in the alignment of the
line of sight and raise the accuracy of sighting, a sighting device
equipped with a telephoto lens has been proposed. However, an
optical sighting device equipped with a telephoto lens is sensitive
to even small vibrations when magnification increases due to the
use of the telephoto lens. Thus, there is still a difficulty in
rapid sighting.
To address these problems, a dot sighting device in which a no
magnification or low magnification lens is used in an optical
sighting device, and an aiming point only is simply used without a
complicated line of sight has been proposed.
Optical dot sighting devices with no magnification (low
magnification) can simply and rapidly sight a target, and are very
useful in urgent situations or for short distances. In particular,
time spent in alignment of the line of sight can be saved, sighting
is itself performed such that a dot image is positioned to coincide
with a target, and thus the user does not have to devote all of
their attention to the alignment of the line of sight. Ultimately,
rapid and accurate sighting are possible, and attention can be
focused on other urgent situations.
However, conventional dot sighting devices are devices for
monocular vision in which a user has to watch a sight mirror with
only one eye. Thus, it takes a long time to sight a target, and
visual problems also occur.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional dot
sighting device 1 for monocular vision. Referring to FIG. 1, in the
conventional dot sighting device 1, the inside of the dot sighting
device 1 is aligned using a rifle barrel alignment terminal 3
through a fixed grille 11, and then light emitted from a LED light
source 5 is reflected from a reflection mirror 7, whereby an
observer confirms an object with one eye. In general, a front
surface (inside of the sighting device) of the reflection mirror 7
is coated in order to reflect the light emitted from the LED light
source 5, and curved surfaces of the front surface and a rear
surface of the reflection mirror 7 are spherical, and have the same
curvature.
A dot image reflected from the reflection mirror 7 is sighted to
coincide with a target object viewed through a protective window 9
at no magnification, whereby a user fires at the target object when
the dot image reflected from the reflection mirror 7 coincides with
the target object. Thus, the sighting can be easily performed.
More particularly, the light irradiated from the LED light source 5
disposed in the dot sighting device 1 is reflected from the
reflection mirror 7, and incident on the eye of an observer in
parallel. The direction in which the parallel light is reflected
should coincide with a bullet firing axis of a gun barrel. If the
parallel degree of the dot sighting device 1 does not coincide with
the bullet firing axis of the gun barrel, a user cannot hit the
target object even when a dot of the light irradiated from the LED
light source 5 coincides with the target object. Thus, to coincide
the parallel degree of the dot sighting device 1 with the bullet
firing axis of the gun barrel, the rifle barrel alignment terminal
3 having vertical and horizontal adjustment functions is operated
to coincide an optical axis of an inner barrel with the bullet
firing axis of the gun barrel.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view illustrating the case in which parallax
occurs in the conventional dot sighting device of FIG. 1. However,
as illustrated in FIG. 2, if the width of the reflection mirror 7
is not greater than a distance between pupils of a user, binocular
vision obtained by overlapping of both eyes does not exist. In this
state, when an external object is viewed through the reflection
mirror 7, it is impossible to obtain information on the external
object by binocular vision. Thus, the external object is viewed by
an eye superior to the other eye, or double vision of the object
occurs. In this case, eye strain is caused by not being able to
accurately obtain information on the external object.
To address this problem, if only the size of a sight mirror, i.e.,
a protective mirror and the reflection mirror is simply increased,
as illustrated in FIG. 2, parallax of the reflection mirror 7
itself occurs due to an increase of aberration of an ambient
portion of the reflection mirror 7. Thus, the parallel degree of
the dot sighting device does not coincide with the bullet firing
axis of the gun barrel. The occurrence of parallax reduces the
accuracy of sighting the target. FIG. 2 illustrates parallax in
which light rays reflected from a general spherical reflection
surface are not parallel to each other.
In addition, in conventional dot sighting devices, as illustrated
in FIG. 1, regardless of the distance to the target, light
irradiated from the LED light source 5 along the same optical axis
is reflected from the reflection mirror 7, whereby a dot image is
focused on the target. However, gravity continuously acts on a
bullet after the bullet is fired until it hits the target, and thus
the farther away the target, the greater a path of the bullet is
changed. In conventional dot sighting devices, to reflect the
change in the path of the bullet according to the distance, an
optical axis of a main body of the dot sighting device and the
parallel degree of the bullet firing axis of the gun barrel are
mechanically adjusted. Thus, when the distance to the target
material is suddenly changed, users cannot rapidly cope with the
situation.
Moreover, the light irradiated from the LED light source uses a
single reticle, and thus the same dot with respect to all targets
is always formed. However, targets of a heavy machine gun, such as
human, tanks, and aircraft each have different characteristics. For
example, in the case of firing at aircraft, sighting and firing
should be performed taking into consideration the velocity of the
aircraft. Thus, in a conventional dot sighting device, it is
difficult to perform accurate sighting and firing taking into
account characteristics of targets.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
Technical Problem
The present invention provides a dot sighting device with large
caliber in which binocular vision is possible.
The present invention also provides a dot sighting device with
large caliber that can prevent occurrence of parallax through a
reflection mirror.
The present invention also provides a dot sighting device that can
sight a target rapidly, taking into account a change of a bullet
path according to a distance to the target.
The present invention also provides a dot sighting device that can
rapidly sight a target by using a dot image that uses a reticle
corresponding to characteristics of the target according to the
target.
In addition, the technical goal of the present invention is not
limited thereto, and the present invention can be embodied with a
variety of goals by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the
present invention pertains within the claims of the present
invention.
Technical Solution
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided
a dot sighting device comprising: a reflection mirror; an
illumination having a LED irradiating light to the reflection
mirror and a transparent reticle that is positioned in front of the
LED and forms a dot image by transmitting the light irradiated from
the LED; and a fixed grille formed on a lower portion of the dot
sighting device, wherein the dot sighting device is attached to and
detached from a mount for a heavy machine gun by the fixed grille,
and a width X of the reflection mirror is greater than a distance Y
between both eyes of a user.
The dot sighting device may further comprise a reticle selection
unit connected to the illumination unit, wherein the transparent
reticle is formed on a plane perpendicular to a reticle rotation
axis that extends from the reticle selection unit and penetrates
the illumination unit, thus being able to rotate based on the
reticle rotation axis by rotation of the reticle selection unit,
and a plurality of reticles according to a target are formed on the
transparent reticle on the same radial axis around the reticle
rotation axis, and one of the reticles corresponding to the target
is selected by rotating the reticle selection unit according to the
target.
The dot sighting device may further comprise a reticle selection
unit connected to the illumination unit, wherein the transparent
reticle is formed on a plane perpendicular to a reticle rotation
axis that extends from the reticle selection unit and penetrates
the illumination unit, thus being able to rotate based on the
reticle rotation axis by rotation of the reticle selection unit,
and a plurality of reticles are formed on the transparent reticle
on the same radius axis around the reticle rotation axis, wherein
the reticles are formed closer to the reticle rotation axis as a
distance to the corresponding point of impact is farther, and one
of the reticles is selected by rotating the reticle rotation unit
according to a distance to the target.
The reticle rotation axis may comprise, around a reticle rotation
connection axis, a rotation axis on an illumination unit side
having a convex-concave portion with a plurality of
convexes-concaves corresponding to a distance to a point of impact;
and a rotation axis on a reticle selection unit side that has
protrusions coupled to desired convexes-concaves of the
convex-concave portion on an end thereof and the other end of which
is connected to the transparent reticle, wherein the rotation axis
on the illumination unit side and the rotation axis on the reticle
selection unit side are separated from each other by pulling the
reticle selection unit, and then the reticle selection unit is
rotated so as to couple a desired convex-concave corresponding to
the distance to the point of impact of the convex-concave portion
of the rotation axis on the illumination unit side with the
protrusion of the rotation axis on the reticle selection unit
side.
The dot sighting device may comprise an upper plate and lower
plate, wherein the upper plate comprises a protective window; a
reflection mirror; and an illumination unit, and wherein the lower
plate comprises: a fixed grille formed on a lower portion of the
dot sighting device; a bullet path adjustment handle installed at a
side surface of the dot sighting device; an upper/lower click
control bolt that connects the upper and lower plates and sets an
origin point; a bullet path adjustment body that is accommodated in
a bullet path adjustment body accommodation unit formed in the
lower plate and is connected to the upper plate by fixing an end on
the lower plate side of the upper/lower click control bolt to an
upper portion of an upper/lower plate connection rotation axis
penetrating a side surface of the lower plate; a bullet path
adjustment axis that comprises a bullet path adjustment portion
positioned on a bullet path adjustment axis contact portion at an
end of the bullet path adjustment body, and penetrates the lower
plate, thereby being connected to the bullet path adjustment
handle; a connection pin of the bullet path adjustment body and the
lower plate, penetrating the other end of the bullet path
adjustment body and the lower plate from a side surface of the
lower plate, thereby connecting the bullet path adjustment body and
the lower plate; and a spring accommodation portion formed in a top
surface of the lower plate on the bullet path adjustment axis
contact portion side based on the connection pin, wherein the
spring accommodation portion accommodates a spring, thereby pushing
the upper plate and the lower plate apart from each other, wherein
the bullet path adjustment body is rotatable around the upper/lower
plate connection rotation axis, wherein the bullet path adjustment
axis contacts a top surface of the bullet path adjustment axis
contact portion of the bullet path adjustment body, and comprises a
bullet path adjustment portion having a plurality of contact
surfaces each having a different normal distance from the center of
the bullet path adjustment axis, corresponding to a distance to a
target, wherein, in the bullet path adjustment portion, by rotating
the bullet path adjustment handle, a contact surface corresponding
to a distance to a desired target contacts the bullet path
adjustment axis contact portion.
The reflection mirror may comprise a doublet, each of a first
surface and a third surface of the reflection mirror is spherical,
and a second surface of the reflection mirror comprises a LED
reflection surface, wherein a radius curvature of the first and
third surfaces satisfies the following equation:
.times..times..times..times. ##EQU00001##
wherein D.sub.1 denotes a refractive power of the first surface,
D.sub.2 denotes a refractive power of the third surface, d denotes
a distance between the centers of the first and third surfaces,
R.sub.1 denotes a radius curvature of the first surface, R.sub.3
denotes a radius curvature of the third surface, and n denotes a
refractive index of the material.
The second surface may comprise an aspheric surface having a conic
coefficient.
Advantageous Effects
According to the present invention, a dot sighting device with
large caliber for a heavy machine gun in which binocular vision is
possible can be obtained.
In addition, according to the present invention, a target can be
rapidly sighted taking into consideration distance amendment, and
thus firing can be performed taking into consideration differences
according to a distance of the target.
While the present invention has been particularly shown and
described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will
be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various
changes in form and details may be made therein without departing
from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by
the following claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The above and other features and advantages of the present
invention will become more apparent by describing in detail
exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached
drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional dot
sighting device for monocular vision;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view illustrating the case in which parallax
occurs in the conventional dot sighting device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a visual problem occurring when a
conventional dot sighting device for monocular vision is observed
with both eyes;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a case when a dot sighting
device with large caliber for binocular vision, according to an
embodiment of the present invention, is observed with both
eyes;
FIGS. 5 and 6 are schematic views illustrating a dot sighting
device equipped with a reticle selection unit, according to an
embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining an
operating principle of a dot sighting device according to an
embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an illumination unit
according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a revolving transparent reticle
according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a view of a revolving transparent reticle according to
another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a reticle rotation axis according to
an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 12 and 13 are schematic views of a dot sighting device with
large caliber according to another embodiment of the present
invention, in which an optical axis adjustment device is
included;
FIG. 14 is a schematic assembly view of an optical axis adjustment
device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 15 and 16 are schematic views for explaining an operating
principle of a bullet path adjustment body and a bullet path
adjustment axis of the optical axis adjustment device of FIG. 14,
according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view illustrating a structure of a
reflection mirror according to an embodiment of the present
invention; and
FIG. 18 is a schematic view illustrating a structure of a
reflection mirror according to another embodiment of the present
invention.
FIG. 19 illustrates a graph showing Tangential ray aberration
degrees in a specific case.
FIG. 20 illustrates another graph showing Tangential ray aberration
degrees in another specific case.
FIG. 21 illustrates yet a further graph showing Tangential ray
aberration degrees in yet a further specific case.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The present invention will now be described more specifically with
reference to the accompanying drawings, in which exemplary
embodiments of the invention are shown.
FIG. 3 illustrates a visual problem occurring when a reflection
mirror 15 of a conventional dot sighting device is observed with
both eyes 13. Referring to FIG. 3, when a width X of the reflection
mirror 15 is the same as or less than a distance Y between both
eyes 13, diplopia as described above occurs, thereby causing eye
strain, and external information acquired by both eyes 13 is
distorted.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a case when a dot sighting
device with large caliber for binocular vision, according to an
embodiment of the present invention, is observed with both eyes 13.
Referring to FIG. 4, a width X of a reflection mirror 16 is greater
than a distance Y between both eyes 13. Thus, a right eye view `A`
nearly coincides with a left eye view `B` and external information
is acquired in an overlapped region of the right eye view `A` and
the left eye view `B`. That is, since information on external
objects is acquired by simultaneously using both eyes 13,
stereoscopic vision, which is an advantage of binocular vision with
respect to monocular vision, is possible, and a sense of distance
can be maintained.
Hereinafter, various embodiments of the dot sighting device with
large caliber, according to the present invention, will be
described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However,
these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not
intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition,
simple replacements, such as design modifications obvious in the
art to which the present invention pertains are not intended to
limit the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
FIGS. 5 and 6 are schematic views illustrating a clot sighting
device 2 equipped with a reticle selection unit, according to an
embodiment of the present invention.
In the dot sighting device 2, a fixed grille 23 (refer to FIG. 13)
is fixed to a mount for a heavy machine gun (not shown) with fixing
bolts 25, and .[.a.]. .Iadd.an .Iaddend.upper/lower click control
bolt 17 and a left/right click control bolt 45 (refer to FIG. 13)
are used to adjust .[.an origin point.]. .Iadd.a zero point (or set
zero).Iaddend.. A user confirms an external target through a
protective window 27 and a reflection mirror 16. Light irradiated
from an LED light source in an illumination unit 19 forms a dot
image on the reflection mirror 16 and is reflected, and the
reflected light is incident on eyes of a user, thereby allowing the
user to view the dot image. The brightness of the LED light source
can be adjusted by a control switch 31. In addition, the LED light
source can be driven by a built-in battery in a battery case 29, or
driven with electrical power supplied from an external electrical
source. Alternatively, the built-in battery can be charged using an
external electrical source.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view for explaining an operating principle of
an illumination unit 19 and a reflection mirror 16 of a dot
sighting device according to an embodiment of the present
invention.
Referring to FIG. 7, an illumination device 33 using an LED or the
like is installed in the illumination unit 19, and acts as a light
source. Light irradiated from the illumination device 33 is
transmitted through a transparent reticle of a revolving
transparent reticle 35 disposed in front of the illumination device
33 and is irradiated to the reflection mirror 16. The light
irradiated to the reflection mirror 16 is reflected and incident on
eyes of a user, and the user views a transparent reticle-shaped
dot.
FIG. 8 is a view illustrating in detail an operating principle of a
reticle selection unit 21 and the illumination unit 19 of the dot
sighting device of FIG. 7, according to an embodiment of the
present invention. The revolving transparent reticle 35 is formed
on a plane perpendicular to a reticle rotation axis 37 that extends
from the reticle selection unit 21 disposed adjacent to the
illumination unit 19 and penetrates the illumination unit 19. In
addition, when the reticle rotation axis 37 rotates by rotation of
the reticle selection unit 21, the revolving transparent reticle 35
accordingly rotates. Thus, users can select a desired reticle from
among various types of reticles formed in the revolving transparent
reticle 35 by rotating the reticle selection unit 21.
Example 1
FIG. 9 is a view of the revolving transparent reticle 35 of the dot
sighting device of FIG. 7, according to an embodiment of the
present invention. A variety of reticles 39A through 39F are formed
in the revolving transparent reticle 35 along a reticle rotation
line 40 having a radial axis based on a center axis 37' of the
revolving transparent reticle 35. For example, to sight and fire at
a moving vehicle, helicopter, fighter plane, or the like, the
sighting should be performed by taking into consideration velocity
or the like of the moving target, unlike firing at human. Thus, a
dot image should be formed by taking such factors into account. Dot
images for objects are, in general, largely categorized into dot
images for short distances, dot images for long distances, and dot
images for anti-aircraft firing. In addition, different dot images
are used for humans and horses, for tanks, for helicopters, for
fighter planes, and the like. In the revolving transparent reticle
35 according to the current embodiment of the present invention,
taking into consideration the characteristics of the target, a long
distance reticle for humans and horses 39A, a short distance
reticle for humans and horses 39B, a reticle for still vehicles and
tanks 39C, a reticle for moving vehicles and tanks 39D, a reticle
for anti-aircraft helicopters 39E, and a reticle for anti-aircraft
fighter planes 39F are radially formed along the reticle rotation
line 40.
The reticle rotation axis 37 penetrates the center axis 37' of the
revolving transparent reticle 35, and the revolving transparent
reticle 35 is fixed to the reticle rotation axis 37 and rotates
according to the rotation of the reticle rotation axis 37. Thus,
users can rapidly select a reticle for forming a dot image
appropriate for a target by rotating the reticle selection unit 21.
As a result, sighting and firing can be rapidly and accurately
performed.
Example 2
FIG. 10 is a view of the revolving transparent reticle 35 of the
dot sighting device of FIG. 7, according to another embodiment of
the present invention. A fired bullet is continuously affected by
gravity until the bullet reaches a target. Thus, if a distance to
the target material is farther, the bullet reaches a position that
is different from an originally sighted position. Therefore, to
increase accuracy, the distance to the target should be amended
while sighting the target, taking into consideration the
distance.
When gravity is taken into consideration, the farther the distance
to the target, the greater an angle formed between a gun barrel and
a horizontal plane should be. Thus, in the revolving transparent
reticle 35 of FIG. 10, taking the above into consideration, the
farther the distance to the target based on a sighting baseline 41,
the closer reticles 39'A through 39'F are formed to the center axis
37'.
For example, if the sighting baseline 41 is a baseline with respect
to a target 100 m away, the reticle 39'A with respect to the target
100 m away from a shooter is formed on the sighting baseline 41. In
addition, the reticle 39'B with respect to a target 200 m away from
the shooter is formed towards the center axis 37' as much as
pre-set distance from the sighting baseline 41. In addition, the
reticle 39'C with respect to a target 400 m away, the reticle 39'D
with respect to a target 800 m away, the reticle 39E with respect
to a target 1200 m away, and the reticle 39'F with respect to a
target 1600 m away are formed towards the center axis 37' as much
as pre-set distances.
The reticle rotation axis 37 penetrates the center axis 37' of the
revolving transparent reticle 35, and the revolving transparent
reticle 35 is fixed to the reticle rotation axis 37 and rotates
according to the rotation of the reticle rotation axis 37. Thus,
users can rapidly select a reticle for forming a dot image
appropriate for a target by rotating the reticle selection unit 21,
taking into consideration a distance to the target. As a result,
sighting and firing can be rapidly and accurately performed.
In Examples 1 and 2, the center axis 37' of the revolving
transparent reticle 35 is formed at the center of the revolving
transparent reticle 35. However, the center axis 37' can be formed
at a position deviated from the center of the revolving transparent
reticle 35 in the two examples described above. That is, taking
into account the distance to the target, the center axis 37' can be
formed at a position that is close to a reticle to be used for a
long distance target in advance.
MODE FOR THE INVENTION
Embodiment 2
To maintain stereoscopic vision, i.e., a sense of distance by
making the width of a reflection mirror greater than a distance
between both eyes of a user, a virtual image of a dot should be
formed within binocular fixation distance. As a result, a target
and a dot sighted at the target can be accurately viewed without
eye strain.
To form a dot at a binocular fixation point during binocular
fixation, i.e., to position an image of a reticle by the reflection
mirror at the binocular fixation point, a change of position should
be performed by moving an illumination unit, particularly, a
reticle acting as a point light source, forward or backward.
For example, in three cases of a 100 m reticle, a 200 m reticle,
and a 400 m reticle, an operation in which a position of the point
light source of the illumination unit is finely moved to a
direction of a focal point of the reflection mirror is needed.
A distance of stereoscopic vision in which human eyes can have a
three-dimensional effect is about 240 m according to Hermann von
Helmholtz. Thus, 800 m, 1200 m and 1600 m reticles may be
positioned at the focal point of the reflection mirror in order to
position a dot image after reflection from the reflection mirror at
infinity in front of the eyes, as in the case of the 400 m
reticle.
When the focal point of the reflection mirror is f mm, a shift s of
a z m reticle from the focal point of the reflection mirror to the
reflection mirror can be calculated using Equation 2 below, and
examples of the calculation are shown in the following table.
.times..times. ##EQU00002##
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 50 m 100 m 200 m 400 m Reticle type reticle
reticle reticle reticle Calculation example of a 1.05 0.53 0.26
0.13 shift of a reticle in a re- mm mm mm mm flection mirror having
an actual focal distance of 229 mm *The above table shows
calculation of shifts of 4 types of reticles from the focal point
of the reflection mirror to the reflection mirror in the reflection
mirror having an actual focal distance of 229 mm
To move the reticle taking into account the shift, a reticle
rotation axis 37 as illustrated in FIG. 14 can be taken into
consideration. FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the reticle rotation
axis 37 illustrated in FIG. 8, according to an embodiment of the
present invention.
Referring to FIG. 11, the reticle rotation axis 37 includes a
rotation axis 65 on an illumination unit side, which extends from a
front surface of the illumination unit 19, a rotation axis 67 on a
reticle selection unit side, and a connection axis 58 of the
reticle rotation axis 37. A revolving transparent reticle is
attached to a rear portion of the rotation axis 67 on the reticle
selection unit side. Referring to FIG. 11, convexes-concaves 61a
through 61c are formed on an end of the rotation axis 65 on the
illumination unit side along the circumference thereof. The size of
each of the convexes-concaves 61a through 61c corresponds to a
shift distance according to each of the reticles shown in the table
above. Protrusions 63 are formed on an end of the rotation axis 67
on the reticle selection unit side coupled to the rotation axis 65
on the illumination unit side.
When a user pulls the reticle selection unit 21, the rotation axis
65 on the illumination unit side and the rotation axis 67 on the
reticle selection unit side are separated from each other, and the
protrusions 63 rotate as the rotation axis 67 on the reticle
selection unit side rotates by rotating the reticle selection unit
21. When the protrusions 63 are positioned to correspond to the
convexes-concaves 61, which corresponds to a desired shift distance
of the reticle, the protrusions 63 and the convexes-concaves 61 are
coupled if the reticle selection unit 21 is released.
Thus, a user can rapidly amend a dot image corresponding to a
distance during stereoscopic vision. As a result, sighting and
firing can be rapidly and accurately performed.
Embodiment 3
FIGS. 12 and 13 are views of dot sighting devices according to
other embodiments of the present invention, in which a path of a
bullet can be adjusted.
In the present embodiments, the path of the bullet is adjusted by
rotating a bullet path adjustment handle 43 instead of using the
reticle selection unit. The dot sighting devices according to the
current embodiments of the present invention in which the path of
the bullet can be adjusted will now be described with reference to
the following drawings.
FIG. 14 is a schematic assembly view of an optical axis adjustment
device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
A lower plate 6 illustrated in FIG. 14 is disposed below an upper
plate 4 of FIGS. 12 and 13.
Referring to FIG. 14, a groove in which an upper/lower click
control bolt 17 is accommodated is formed in a top surface portion
of a bullet path adjustment body 47, and an upper/lower plate
connection rotation axis 49 is inserted through a side surface
center portion of the bullet path adjustment body 47. The
upper/lower click control bolt 17 accommodated from the top surface
portion of the bullet path adjustment body 47 is fixedly inserted
in a center portion groove of the upper/lower plate connection
rotation axis 49. The bullet path adjustment body 47 connected to
the upper/lower click control bolt 17 by the upper/lower plate
connection rotation axis 49 is accommodated in a bullet path
adjustment body accommodation unit 55 formed in the lower plate 6.
In addition, the bullet path adjustment body 47 is coupled to the
lower plate 6 by a connection pin 59 that penetrates a side surface
of the lower plate 6 and couples the bullet path adjustment body 47
with the lower plate 6.
Thus, the upper/lower click control bolt 17 can rotate .[.around.].
.Iadd.on (or screw on) .Iaddend.the upper/lower plate connection
rotation axis 49, and the bullet path adjustment body 47 can rotate
.[.around.]. .Iadd.on .Iaddend.the connection pin 59.
In addition, the bullet path adjustment body 47 is connected to the
upper plate 4 through the upper/lower click control bolt 17 fixed
to the upper plate 4, and is connected to the lower plate 6 by the
connection pin 59.
A bullet path adjustment axis 51 passes through the lower plate 6,
passes by and contacts a bullet path adjustment axis contact
portion 48 of the bullet path adjustment body 47, and is connected
to the bullet path adjustment handle 43. A bullet path adjustment
portion 53 of the bullet path adjustment axis 51 contacts the
bullet path adjustment axis contact portion 48 of the bullet path
adjustment body 47, facing each other.
Spring accommodation portions 57 are formed in a top surface of the
lower plate 6, at a position adjacent to the bullet path adjustment
body accommodation unit 55 and parallel to the connection pin 59,
as illustrated in FIG. 14. In addition, springs are accommodated in
the spring accommodation portions 57, whereby a repulsive force
acts on the upper and lower plates 4 and 6.
A configuration for adjusting the bullet path of the dot sighting
device according to the present embodiment will now be described
with reference to FIGS. 15 and 16.
FIGS. 15 and 16 are schematic views for explaining an operating
principle of a bullet path adjustment body and a bullet path
adjustment axis of the optical axis adjustment device of FIG. 14,
according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 15, the bullet path adjustment portion 53 of the
bullet path adjustment axis 51 passes by and contacts the bullet
path adjustment axis contact portion 48 of the bullet path
adjustment body 47. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along a
line A-B of FIG. 15. Referring to FIG. 16, the bullet path
adjustment portion 53 comprises a plurality of contact surfaces 53a
through 53e each having a different normal distance from center of
rotation 60 of the bullet path adjustment axis 51.
The springs of the spring accommodation portions 57 push the upper
and lower plates 4 and 6 away from each other, and thus a force,
directed towards the upper plate 4 from the lower plate 6 acts on
the bullet path adjustment body 47 connected to the upper plate 4
by the upper/lower click control bolt 17. That is, .[.a.]. force
that .[.rotates towards.]. .Iadd.causes .Iaddend.the upper plate 4
.[.based.]. .Iadd.to rotate upward centering .Iaddend.on the
connection pin 59 continuously acts on the bullet path adjustment
body 47 connected to the upper plate 4. Thus, when the contact
surface contacting the bullet path adjustment axis contact portion
48 in the bullet path adjustment portion 53 is changed, a distance
between the upper plate 4 and the lower plate 6 is changed.
For example, when the bullet path adjustment axis contact portion
48 of the bullet path adjustment body 47 contacts the contact
surface 53d having a relatively long normal distance from the
center of rotation 60, and then contacts the contact surface 53a
having a relatively short normal distance from the center of
rotation 60, the distance between the upper plate 4 and the lower
plate 6 becomes closer. In the opposite case, the distance between
the upper plate 4 and the lower plate 6 becomes farther.
Since the lower plate 6 is fixed to the mount for a heavy machine
gun, the distance between the upper plate 4 and the lower plate 6
is changed by a fine change in a slope of the upper plate 4 with
respect to the fixed lower plate 6. By calculating .[.an
amendment.]. .Iadd.a corrective .Iaddend.angle according to a
distance in advance, each of the contact surfaces 53a through 53e
of the bullet path adjustment portion 53 is formed at a normal
distance corresponding to the .[.amendment.]. .Iadd.corrective
.Iaddend.angle. Thus, when a corresponding contact surface is
selected by rotating the bullet path adjustment handle 43, the
slope of the upper plate 4 is changed according to the distance to
the target. Then, when the target is sighted through the reflection
mirror of the upper plate 4 having the changed slope and the
protective window, the same .[.amendment.]. .Iadd.corrective
.Iaddend.effect according to a distance as in Example 2 of
Embodiment 1 can be obtained.
Embodiment 4
As described above, in the dot sighting device having large caliber
and using the reflection mirror, according to the present
invention, there is a need to address the problem of parallax
according to aberration.
FIG. 17 is a schematic view illustrating a structure of a
reflection mirror according to an embodiment of the present
invention. In the present embodiment, a distance between a LED and
a reflection surface is set at 200 mm, and a thickness of the
center of the reflection mirror is set at 4.0 mm.
A LED dot is reflected from a R.sub.2 surface and emitted to the
outside. In this regard, when incident on the reflection mirror,
the LED dot is transmitted through a R.sub.1 surface, is reflected
from the R.sub.2 surface, and then is transmitted through the
R.sub.1 surface again, and consequently, the LED dot is incident on
the eyes of an observer. That is, since the LED dot is transmitted
through the R.sub.1 surface twice and is transmitted through the
R.sub.2 surface once, a further degree of freedom in design is
provided. Due to this, parallax can be minimized. To decrease
magnification occurrence when an external target point is focused
on the eyes of the observer, the reflection mirror can be
configured to become an afocal system. The configuration applies to
radius curvature of first and third surfaces by using Equation 1
below.
When d denotes a distance between centers (center thickness) of
first and third surfaces of a doublet, R.sub.1 denotes radius
curvature of the first surface, R.sub.3 denotes radius curvature of
the third surface, and n denotes a refractive index of the
material, the following equation is obtained.
.times..times..times..times. ##EQU00003##
wherein D.sub.1 denotes a refractive power of the first surface and
D.sub.2 denotes a refractive power of the third surface. By using
the reflection mirror according the present embodiment, it was
confirmed that parallax was reduced by 80% or greater.
FIG. 18 is a schematic view illustrating a structure of a
reflection mirror, according to another embodiment of the present
invention. Referring to FIG. 18, when a second surface is an
aspheric surface having a conic coefficient, the parallax is
further minimized. In this case, parallax was reduced by 90% or
greater, compared to that of the reflection mirror of FIG. 17.
The following three graphs FIGS. 19, 20 and 21 respectively show
Tangential ray aberration degrees in the case of a conventional
single reflection surface, in the case of a doublet reflection
surface (when the reflection surface between two lenses is
spherical), and in the case of a doublet reflection surface where a
conic aspheric surface is adopted as the reflection surface between
two lenses. Each lens has an inclination angle of -2.0.degree..
FIG. 19 is a graph representing spherical aberration, and when it
coincides with an X axis, parallax does not occur. A maximum
aberration value of the conventional single reflection surface is
0.02 mm, a maximum aberration value when the spherical reflection
surface is adopted as a median surface of the doublet is 0.004 mm,
and a maximum aberration value when the conic aspheric reflection
surface is adopted as a median surface of the doublet is 0.0004 mm.
Thus, when a space accounting for 50% of a total region from the
center is regarded as an effective space, the spherical reflection
surface employed as the median surface of the doublet has an
improvement in terms of the integral value of spherical aberration
amount (y axis) with respect to x axis (an effective space that LED
light beam reflects by a minimum of 80% or greater, compared with
the conventional single reflection surface. In addition, the conic
aspheric reflection surface employed as the median surface of the
doublet has an improvement in terms of the integral value of by a
minimum of 90% or greater, compared with the spherical reflection
surface employed as the median surface of the doublet.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
According to the present invention, a dot sighting device with
large caliber for a heavy machine gun in which binocular vision is
possible can be obtained.
In addition, according to the present invention, a target can be
rapidly sighted taking into consideration distance amendment, and
thus firing can be performed taking into consideration differences
according to a distance of the target.
While the present invention has been particularly shown and
described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will
be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various
changes in form and details may be made therein without departing
from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by
the following claims.
* * * * *