U.S. patent number RE47,401 [Application Number 15/351,070] was granted by the patent office on 2019-05-21 for method and system of providing event content sharing by mobile communication devices.
This patent grant is currently assigned to OL Security Limited Liability Company. The grantee listed for this patent is OL Security Limited Liability Company. Invention is credited to Stephen D. Morrison, Albert L. Schmidt, Xi Zhang.
![](/patent/grant/RE047401/USRE047401-20190521-D00000.png)
![](/patent/grant/RE047401/USRE047401-20190521-D00001.png)
![](/patent/grant/RE047401/USRE047401-20190521-D00002.png)
![](/patent/grant/RE047401/USRE047401-20190521-D00003.png)
![](/patent/grant/RE047401/USRE047401-20190521-D00004.png)
![](/patent/grant/RE047401/USRE047401-20190521-D00005.png)
![](/patent/grant/RE047401/USRE047401-20190521-D00006.png)
![](/patent/grant/RE047401/USRE047401-20190521-D00007.png)
United States Patent |
RE47,401 |
Schmidt , et al. |
May 21, 2019 |
Method and system of providing event content sharing by mobile
communication devices
Abstract
An approach is disclosed for providing sharing of content
relating to an event. Detection of a plurality of mobile
communication devices within a predetermined location is performed.
An event is identified corresponding to the predetermined location
and a current time. The mobile communication devices are notified
to enable exchange of content about the event. The content is
received from one or more of the mobile communication devices,
wherein the content is accessible by the mobile communication
devices.
Inventors: |
Schmidt; Albert L. (Hopkinton,
MA), Morrison; Stephen D. (Watertown, MA), Zhang; Xi
(Newton, MA) |
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
OL Security Limited Liability Company |
Dover |
DE |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
OL Security Limited Liability
Company (Wilmington, DE)
|
Family
ID: |
40387821 |
Appl.
No.: |
15/351,070 |
Filed: |
November 14, 2016 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
|
11849008 |
Jun 28, 2011 |
7970418 |
|
|
Reissue of: |
13107144 |
May 13, 2011 |
8886227 |
Nov 11, 2014 |
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H04W
4/21 (20180201); H04W 4/185 (20130101); H04W
4/185 (20130101); H04W 4/023 (20130101); H04L
67/18 (20130101); H04W 4/023 (20130101); H04L
67/24 (20130101); H04W 4/21 (20180201); H04L
67/24 (20130101); H04L 67/18 (20130101); H04L
67/14 (20130101); H04L 67/14 (20130101); H04L
67/16 (20130101); H04L 67/16 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H04W
24/00 (20090101); H04W 4/18 (20090101); H04L
29/08 (20060101); H04W 4/02 (20180101); H04W
4/21 (20180101) |
Field of
Search: |
;455/456.4,456.1,457
;709/216 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10357305 |
|
Jul 2005 |
|
DE |
|
10357305 |
|
Jul 2005 |
|
DE |
|
2006101157 |
|
Apr 2006 |
|
JP |
|
2006101157 |
|
Apr 2006 |
|
JP |
|
WO 2005125241 |
|
Dec 2005 |
|
WO |
|
Other References
McCarthy et al., "Augmenting the Social Space of an Academic
Conference," (10 pp. downloaded from Google.com, Nov. 2004). cited
by applicant .
International Search Report, PCT/US2008/074808 A1, Verizon
Laboratories, Inc., Nov. 18, 2008, pp. 1-8. cited by applicant
.
Mnoon, comment in CNET Reviews, (2 pp. downloaded from Google.com,
May 16, 2005). cited by applicant .
Supplementary European Search Report for EP 08828408.8,
PCT/US2008/074808, dated Jul. 8, 2013. cited by applicant.
|
Primary Examiner: Escalante; Ovidio
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Fitch, Even, Tabin & Flannery
LLP
Parent Case Text
.[.This application.]. .Iadd.The present application is an
application for reissue of U.S. Pat. No. 8,886,227 issued Nov. 11,
2014, on Non-Provisional patent application Ser. No. 13/107,144
filed May 13, 2011, which .Iaddend.is a Divisional Application of
U.S. application Ser. No. 11/849,008 filed Aug. 31, 2007.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A method comprising: generating positional information;
transmitting the positional information over a wireless network to
an event content sharing platform that is configured to detect a
plurality of mobile communication devices within a predetermined
location for identifying .[.an.]. .Iadd.a particular .Iaddend.event
corresponding to the predetermined location and a current time;
.Iadd.upon entry to the particular event or detection within a
predetermined proximity to the particular event, .Iaddend.receiving
notification from the event content sharing platform about the
.Iadd.particular .Iaddend.event .Iadd.and instructions regarding
sharing content relating to the particular event.Iaddend.;
generating content relating to the .Iadd.particular .Iaddend.event
in response to the notification; and transmitting the content to
the event content sharing platform.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the content includes
text, image, audio, video, or a combination thereof.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the content is
transmitted via a Short Message Service (SMS) protocol or a
Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) protocol.
4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: receiving
Global Positioning System (GPS) signals to generate the positional
information.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein a third party event
database is accessed to identify the .Iadd.particular
.Iaddend.event.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the content is
accessible by a computing device that is separate from the mobile
communication devices.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the computing device is
configured to run a web-based application to access the content,
the computing device receiving an advertisement message that is
targeted based on the .Iadd.particular .Iaddend.event.
8. An apparatus comprising: a location module configured to
generate positional information for transmission over a wireless
network to an event content sharing platform that is configured to
detect a plurality of mobile communication devices within a
predetermined location for identifying .[.an.]. .Iadd.a particular
.Iaddend.event corresponding to the predetermined location and a
current time; and a processor configured to receive notification
from the event content sharing platform about the .Iadd.particular
.Iaddend.event.Iadd., upon entry to the particular event or
detection within a predetermined proximity to the particular event,
and instructions regarding sharing content relating to the
particular event.Iaddend., and to generate content relating to the
.Iadd.particular .Iaddend.event in response to the notification,
wherein the content is transmitted to the event content sharing
platform.
9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the content includes
text, image, audio, video, or a combination thereof.
10. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the content is
transmitted via a Short Message Service (SMS) protocol or a
Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) protocol.
11. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the location module
is configured to receive Global Positioning System (GPS) signals to
generate the positional information.
12. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein a third party event
database is accessed to identify the .Iadd.particular
.Iaddend.event.
13. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the content is
accessible by a computing device that is separate from the mobile
communication devices.
14. The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the computing
device is configured to run a web-based application to access the
content, the computing device receiving an advertisement message
that is targeted based on the .Iadd.particular .Iaddend.event.
15. A .[.tangible.]. .Iadd.non-transitory .Iaddend.computer
readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the
instructions configured to cause a computing device to perform
operations comprising: generating positional information;
transmitting the positional information over a wireless network to
an event content sharing platform that is configured to detect a
plurality of mobile communication devices within a predetermined
location for identifying .[.an.]. .Iadd.a particular .Iaddend.event
corresponding to the predetermined location and a current time;
.Iadd.upon entry to the particular event or detection within a
predetermined proximity to the particular event, .Iaddend.receiving
notification from the event content sharing platform about the
.Iadd.particular .Iaddend.event .Iadd.and instructions regarding
sharing content relating to the particular event.Iaddend.;
generating content relating to the .Iadd.particular .Iaddend.event
in response to the notification; and transmitting the content to
the event content sharing platform.
16. The .[.tangible.]. .Iadd.non-transitory .Iaddend.computer
readable medium according to claim 15, wherein the content includes
text, image, audio, video, or a combination thereof.
17. The .[.tangible.]. .Iadd.non-transitory .Iaddend.computer
readable medium according to claim 15, wherein the content is
transmitted via a Short Message Service (SMS) protocol or a
Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) protocol.
18. The .[.tangible.]. .Iadd.non-transitory .Iaddend.computer
readable medium according to claim 15, further comprising:
receiving Global Positioning System (GPS) signals to generate the
positional information.
19. The .[.tangible.]. .Iadd.non-transitory .Iaddend.computer
readable medium according to claim 15, wherein a third party event
database is accessed to identify the .Iadd.particular
.Iaddend.event.
20. The .[.method.]. .Iadd.non-transitory computer readable medium
.Iaddend.according to claim 15, wherein the content is accessible
by a computing device that is separate from the mobile
communication devices.
21. The .[.method.]. .Iadd.non-transitory computer readable medium
.Iaddend.according to claim 20, wherein the computing device is
configured to run a web-based application to access the content,
the computing device receiving an advertisement message that is
targeted based on the .Iadd.particular .Iaddend.event.
.Iadd.22. A method comprising: detecting and monitoring a plurality
of mobile communication devices within a predetermined location
using an event content sharing platform configured to identify a
particular event corresponding to a particular location and a
current time; sending participation information to the mobile
communication devices regarding the particular event and, upon
detecting entry of a participant to the particular event or
detection of the participant within a predetermined proximity to
the particular event, sending instructions regarding content
sharing; and sending one or more advertisements to the mobile
communication devices targeted to the participant of the
event..Iaddend.
.Iadd.23. The method of claim 22 further comprising receiving
positional information from one of the plurality of mobile
communication devices..Iaddend.
.Iadd.24. The method of claim 22 further comprising receiving
content from at least some of the plurality of mobile communication
devices..Iaddend.
.Iadd.25. The method of claim 24 further comprising: receiving a
request to view requested content from individual ones of the
plurality of mobile communication devices; and providing the
requested content to the individual ones of the plurality of mobile
communications devices for viewing..Iaddend.
.Iadd.26. The method of claim 25 further comprising receiving
comments associated with the requested content from the individual
ones of the plurality of mobile communication devices and
associating the comments with the requested content..Iaddend.
.Iadd.27. The method of claim 24 wherein the step of receiving
content comprises receiving content at a server device from devices
at a plurality of events, and categorizing the event according to
identification information..Iaddend.
.Iadd.28. The method of claim 27 wherein the step of categorizing
the event comprises categorizing the event according to topic and
location..Iaddend.
.Iadd.29. The method of claim 24 further comprising terminating
content sharing capability upon an event's end..Iaddend.
.Iadd.30. The method of claim 22 wherein the step of sending one or
more advertisements comprises sending advertising to the mobile
communication devices regarding future events having similar
identification information..Iaddend.
.Iadd.31. A non-transitory computer readable medium having
instructions stored thereon that, in response to being executed by
a computing device, cause the computing device to perform
operations, the operations comprising: detecting and monitoring a
plurality of mobile communication devices within a predetermined
location via an event content sharing platform; identifying a
particular event corresponding to the predetermined location and a
current time by accessing an event and presence service module;
upon detection of entry of one or more participants to the
particular event or detection of the one or more participants
within a predetermined proximity to the particular event, notifying
the associated mobile communication devices regarding content
sharing; receiving shared content provided from one or more of the
mobile communication devices; and terminating content sharing
capability upon an event's end..Iaddend.
.Iadd.32. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 31
wherein accessing an event and presence service module comprises
accessing a third party event database and the operations further
comprise compiling a database of content for the particular event
and sending requested content to one or more computing
devices..Iaddend.
Description
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Wireless communication technologies afford users with the
convenience of mobility and continually expanding set of
capabilities. This convenience has spawned significant adoption by
an ever growing number of subscribers as an accepted mode of
communication for business and personal uses in terms of
communicating using voice and data services. As wireless
communication devices become more sophisticated, their features
have expanded from merely placing and receiving calls to other
enhanced services from music downloads to navigational systems. To
support navigational services, cellular phones are equipped with
Global Positioning System (GPS) technology to broadcast their
locations. Given the competitive landscape of the telecommunication
industry, service providers are continually challenged to develop
new products and services. However, few applications have been
developed to exploit such information about the users'
locations.
Therefore, there is a need for an approach that provides enhanced
communication services that exploit location information to improve
user experience.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Various exemplary embodiments are illustrated by way of example,
and not by way of limitation, in the figures of the accompanying
drawings in which like reference numerals refer to similar elements
and in which:
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a system capable of providing event content
sharing by mobile communication devices, according with an
exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a process for sharing content, via mobile
communication devices, regarding an event attended by users of the
mobile communication devices, according to an exemplary
embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a process for identifying an event
attended by users of mobile communication devices, according to an
exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a process for accessing content of an
event using a web-based application, according to an exemplary
embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a mobile communication device utilizing a
user interface for participating in an event, according to an
exemplary embodiment; and
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a computer system that can be used to
implement various exemplary embodiments.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
An apparatus, method, and software for providing event content
sharing are described. In the following description, for the
purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in
order to provide a thorough understanding of the various exemplary
embodiments. It is apparent, however, to one skilled in the art
that the various exemplary embodiments may be practiced without
these specific details or with an equivalent arrangement. In other
instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block
diagram form in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the
exemplary embodiments.
Although the various embodiments are described with respect to
Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) and Short Message Service (SMS)
protocols, it is contemplated that these embodiments have
applicability to other equivalent protocols.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a system capable of providing event content
sharing by mobile communication devices, according with an
exemplary embodiment. A communication system 100 includes an event
content sharing platform 101 for enabling users who are attending a
common event to share information or content about the event. That
is, the users can share or otherwise exchange information as an
impromptu social network. As used herein, "content" refers to
either text, image, audio, video, or any combination thereof. Under
this scenario, the platform 101 includes a content module 103 that
communicates with, according to one embodiment, a MMS (Multimedia
Messaging Service) and SMS (Short Message Service) message center
105 to permit sharing of content among a group of mobile
communication devices 107a-107n with users within an event venue
109. SMS service enables the transmission of short text messages
among the devices 107a-107n in a store and forward manner. These
short text messages in general can be delivered at any point in
time using out-of-band packet, low-bandwidth delivery mechanisms.
Similarly, MMS is a store and forward mechanism that supports
transfer of media. Such content is uploaded from one or more of the
mobile communication devices 107a-107n to the content module 103
via a wireless network 111, and is stored in a content database
113. The wireless network can employ various technologies,
including Time Division Multiple Access (TMDA), Code Division
Multiple Access (CDMA), etc. The venue 109 represents a location
where users congregate to participate in an organized event; for
example, stadium, park, area of a city for parades, towns for
festivals. The event can include concerts, sporting events,
festivals, parades, etc.
The event is identified based on the location of the users of the
devices 107a-107n; a location and event database 117 is accessed to
determine the particular event. As seen, an event and presence
service module 115 consults with this database 117, which according
to one embodiment, can be one or more third party events
databases.
The platform 101 monitors and tracks the congregation of users
using the event and presence service module 115. The module 115
provides status information regarding the position of the various
devices 107a-107n about the venue 109. This event and presence
service module 115 captures presence information or availability of
the users of the devices 107a-107n. By way of example, upon a
device exiting the venue 109, the presence module 115 removes the
device from a list of active users, who are attending the
event.
In an exemplary embodiment, each of the mobile communication
devices 107a-107n includes a location module 119, which can obtain
location (or positional) information using Global Positioning
System (GPS) technology, and thus, behaves as a GPS receiver. The
location module 119 communicates with a constellation of satellites
121, which transmit very low power interference and jamming
resistant signals received by the GPS receivers 119. At any point
on Earth, the GPS receiver 119 can receive signals from multiple
satellites (e.g., 6 to 11). Specifically, the GPS receiver 119 may
determine three-dimensional geolocation from signals obtained from
at least four satellites. Measurements from satellite tracking and
monitoring stations located around the world are incorporated into
orbital models for each satellite to compute precise orbital or
clock data. GPS signals are transmitted over two spread spectrum
microwave carrier signals that are shared by GPS satellites 121.
The device 107a needs to identify the signals from at least four
satellites 121, decode the ephemeris and clock data, determine the
pseudo range for each satellite 121, and compute the position of
the receiving antenna.
With GPS technology, the wireless devices 107a-107n can determine
their location with great accuracy and convenience. Also, the
system 100 can employ Assisted GPS (A-GPS) to mitigate the loss of
GPS signals from obstructions between the GPS receiver 119 and the
satellites 121. When operating in A-GPS mode, the system 100 can
provide for better in building or obstructed view geolocation.
Assistance data can be transmitted to the devices 107a-107n from
the wireless network 111, in an exemplary embodiment, can include
ephemeris data differential GPS correct data, timing data and/or
other aiding data. Using the aiding (or assistance) data, the
location module 119 performs geolocation calculations. The
geolocation data is then transmitted to the platform 101 on a
periodic or on-demand basis. The transmission of geolocation data
need not be frequent. Transmission of geolocation data is more
compact because it is true location rather than pseudo range data.
Also, the wireless devices 107a-107n can more intelligently request
assistance data because the devices 107a-107n themselves can
determine when the ephemeris data is no longer valid.
Each of the wireless devices 107a-107n utilizes a display 123 to
present, for example, a graphic of a map of a predefined size
(e.g., a street block wide, a mile wide, etc.). The wireless
devices 107a-107n also includes a processor 125 and a memory 127
configured to store and execute instructions for supporting the
event content sharing service, as well as other communication
functions.
The event content sharing platform 101 also makes the content
stored within the content database 113 available to a computing
device 129. The computing device 129 can be a personal computer
(PC), laptop, palm computer, workstation, web appliance, etc. The
device 129 communicates with a website 131 over a data network 133
(which can include the global Internet). Under this arrangement,
information to be shared among the devices 107a-107n can be viewed
via a web browser or other web-based application.
According to one embodiment, the platform 101 uses positional
information from the GPS enabled wireless devices to identify users
who are located within the venue 109. This positional information
is compared to a known location of the event; in an exemplary
embodiment, a predetermined proximity to this predetermined
location is established as to filter out users who are near the
location, but are not in fact attendees. When an individual enters
the venue a text message will be pushed to their mobile
communication devices 107a-107n (e.g., cell phone) with the
information needed to readily upload pictures, video and send text
messages to the content module .[.115.]. .Iadd.103.Iaddend.. All of
the individuals within the venue 109 who have a compatible wireless
device can upload text, pictures and video. The content module
.[.115.]. .Iadd.103 .Iaddend.can aggregate all the images (or
pictures), video and text information. As noted, this information
can be viewed by users inside or outside the venue 109 via a web
browser.
In an exemplary embodiment, the platform 101 can provide
advertisements that are relevant to the event. For example, if the
event is a concert, then upcoming concerts and the performer's CDs
(compact discs) can be advertised. Unlike traditional approaches,
this approach permits more targeted advertising--namely, based on
the user participating in a specific event.
The described platform 101, in one embodiment, enables large groups
of users (e.g., strangers and friends/family, alike) to send
information about a specific ongoing event. This forms an "ad hoc"
network of users communicating about a common experience.
The operation, in one embodiment, of the event content sharing
platform 101 is next explained.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a process for sharing content, via mobile
communication devices, regarding an event attended by users of the
mobile communication devices, according to an exemplary embodiment.
In step 201, a mobile communication device (e.g., device 107a)
moves within a predefined proximity of an event location. The
device 107a receives text notification of the subject event, per
step 203. By way of example, the notification can specify
information relating to the event as well as instructions on how to
share content: (1) event name, (2) short description of how to
upload text, pictures and video about the event, (3) short
description of how to view others text, pictures and videos
contributed by others at the event, and (4) any required adverting
disclaimers to satisfy anti-spam/legal requirements.
Additionally, the device 107a receives a prompt (e.g., Yes/No
prompt) to permit the user to indicate desired participation in the
service (step 205). If the user indicates that participation is
desired (as in step 207), the user, via the device 107a, can
generate content about the event. For example, in steps 209 and
211, the user can write a text description, take a picture, and/or
record a short video of the event for uploading to the content
module 103 within the event content sharing platform 101.
In step 213, the user can determine whether to view content from
other users. If so, the device 107a can retrieve the content, as in
step 215. At this point, the user can elect to provide comments
about the retrieved content, in which the comments are accordingly
uploaded (steps 217-221).
According to one embodiment, when the event ends, the capability to
send messages, pictures and video via the wireless devices
107a-107n terminates. However, users can still review the
multi-media messages via a web browser either on the wireless
device 107a-107n or PC 129.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a process for identifying an event
attended by users of mobile communication devices, according to an
exemplary embodiment. First, in step 301, the platform 101 detects
that a device 107a is within a vicinity of other devices 107b-107n.
Parameters relating to the vicinity and number of devices can be
set, so that a minimum number of users are present and the number
of proper devices 107a-107n (e.g., GPS-enabled, capable of taking
pictures and video, etc.) are present. Location of the event is
determined based on the position information of the other devices
107b-107n, as in step 303. The platform 101 looks up the location
name based on the GPS coordinates (i.e., a reverse geocode
operation). Using this location and the current time, the platform
101 identifies the event, per step 305. Specifically, the event and
presence service module 115 accesses the location and event
database 117 to determine the subject event. The database 117 can
store, for example, event description (e.g., type, name), as well
as location and time.
As mentioned, the content that is generated by the mobile
communication devices 107a-107n can be shared with users outside of
the venue location 109.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a process for accessing content of an
event using a web-based application, according to an exemplary
embodiment. Under this scenario, a user of the computing device 129
can utilize a web-based application (e.g., browser) to enter an
address, such as a Uniform Resource Locator (URL), of the website
131, per steps 401 and 403. In step 405, the browser can also
present the user with an option to participate in any discussion or
comment on the content that is exchanged. If the user opts to
participate (as in step 405), the user inputs comments for
submission to the website 131 (step 407).
It is contemplated that the user of the computing device 129 can
view content from multiple events, concurrently. As such, events
can be categorized, e.g., by topic (rock concert, football game,
town fair) and by location. When users view the event messages on
the device 129, they can receive advertisements targeted to future
events in the same general area.
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a mobile communication device utilizing a
user interface for participating in an event, according to an
exemplary embodiment. Under this scenario, a mobile device 501
includes a display 503 that is configured to present content that
is generated for a particular event. In one embodiment, the user of
the mobile device 501 can input information, via cursor buttons 505
or key pad 507. Further, these cursor buttons 505 or keys of the
key pad 507 can control a camera function or an audio recording
function.
Upon entry into the event venue 109, the device 501 presents an
event notification menu 509. A text box 511 provides information on
the event and instructions regarding content sharing. Additionally,
the menu .[.513.]. .Iadd.509 .Iaddend.displays an upload button 513
to transmit locally generated content to the platform 101, using
text or multimedia messaging (e.g., SMS and MMS). Further, a
download button 515 can be selected by the user to retrieve shared
content.
Moreover, the device 501 can receive advertisements 517 that are
targeted to attendees of the event.
The above described processes relating to providing event content
sharing using an integrated set-top may be implemented via
software, hardware (e.g., general processor, Digital Signal
Processing (DSP) chip, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit
(ASIC), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), etc.), firmware or
a combination thereof. Such exemplary hardware for performing the
described functions is detailed below.
FIG. 6 illustrates a computer system 600 upon which an exemplary
embodiment can be implemented. For example, the processes described
herein can be implemented using the computer system 600. The
computer system 600 includes a bus 601 or other communication
mechanism for communicating information and a processor 603 coupled
to the bus 601 for processing information. The computer system 600
also includes main memory 605, such as a random access memory (RAM)
or other dynamic storage device, coupled to the bus 601 for storing
information and instructions to be executed by the processor 603.
Main memory 605 can also be used for storing temporary variables or
other intermediate information during execution of instructions by
the processor 603. The computer system 600 may further include a
read only memory (ROM) 607 or other static storage device coupled
to the bus 601 for storing static information and instructions for
the processor 603. A storage device 609, such as a magnetic disk or
optical disk, is coupled to the bus 601 for persistently storing
information and instructions.
The computer system 600 may be coupled via the bus 601 to a display
611, such as a cathode ray tube (CRT), liquid crystal display,
active matrix display, or plasma display, for displaying
information to a computer user. An input device 613, such as a
keyboard including alphanumeric and other keys, is coupled to the
bus 601 for communicating information and command selections to the
processor 603. Another type of user input device is a cursor
control 615, such as a mouse, a trackball, or cursor direction
keys, for communicating direction information and command
selections to the processor 603 and for controlling cursor movement
on the display 611.
According to an embodiment, the processes described herein are
performed by the computer system 600, in response to the processor
603 executing an arrangement of instructions contained in main
memory 605. Such instructions can be read into main memory 605 from
another computer-readable medium, such as the storage device 609.
Execution of the arrangement of instructions contained in main
memory 605 causes the processor 603 to perform the process steps
described herein. One or more processors in a multi-processing
arrangement may also be employed to execute the instructions
contained in main memory 605. In alternative embodiments,
hard-wired circuitry may be used in place of or in combination with
software instructions to implement the exemplary embodiment. Thus,
exemplary embodiments are not limited to any specific combination
of hardware circuitry and software.
The computer system 600 also includes a communication interface 617
coupled to bus 601. The communication interface 617 provides a
two-way data communication coupling to a network link 619 connected
to a local network 621. For example, the communication interface
617 may be a digital subscriber line (DSL) card or modem, an
integrated services digital network (ISDN) card, a cable modem, a
telephone modem, or any other communication interface to provide a
data communication connection to a corresponding type of
communication line. As another example, communication interface 617
may be a local area network (LAN) card (e.g. for Ethernet.TM. or an
Asynchronous Transfer Model (ATM) network) to provide a data
communication connection to a compatible LAN. Wireless links can
also be implemented. In any such implementation, communication
interface 617 sends and receives electrical, electromagnetic, or
optical signals that carry digital data streams representing
various types of information. Further, the communication interface
617 can include peripheral interface devices, such as a Universal
Serial Bus (USB) interface, a PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card
International Association) interface, etc. Although a single
communication interface 617 is depicted in FIG. 6, multiple
communication interfaces can also be employed.
The network link 619 typically provides data communication through
one or more networks to other data devices. For example, the
network link 619 may provide a connection through local network 621
to a host computer 623, which has connectivity to a network 625
(e.g. a wide area network (WAN) or the global packet data
communication network now commonly referred to as the "Internet")
or to data equipment operated by a service provider. The local
network 621 and the network 625 both use electrical,
electromagnetic, or optical signals to convey information and
instructions. The signals through the various networks and the
signals on the network link 619 and through the communication
interface 617, which communicate digital data with the computer
system 600, are exemplary forms of carrier waves bearing the
information and instructions.
The computer system 600 can send messages and receive data,
including program code, through the network(s), the network link
619, and the communication interface 617. In the Internet example,
a server (not shown) might transmit requested code belonging to an
application program for implementing an exemplary embodiment
through the network 625, the local network 621 and the
communication interface 617. The processor 603 may execute the
transmitted code while being received and/or store the code in the
storage device 609, or other non-volatile storage for later
execution. In this manner, the computer system 600 may obtain
application code in the form of a carrier wave.
The term "computer-readable medium" as used herein refers to any
medium that participates in providing instructions to the processor
603 for execution. Such a medium may take many forms, including but
not limited to non-volatile media, volatile media, and transmission
media. Non-volatile media include, for example, optical or magnetic
disks, such as the storage device 609. Volatile media include
dynamic memory, such as main memory 605. Transmission media include
coaxial cables, copper wire and fiber optics, including the wires
that comprise the bus 601. Transmission media can also take the
form of acoustic, optical, or electromagnetic waves, such as those
generated during radio frequency (RF) and infrared (IR) data
communications. Common forms of computer-readable media include,
for example, a floppy disk, a flexible disk, hard disk, magnetic
tape, any other magnetic medium, a CD-ROM, CDRW, DVD, any other
optical medium, punch cards, paper tape, optical mark sheets, any
other physical medium with patterns of holes or other optically
recognizable indicia, a RAM, a PROM, and EPROM, a FLASH-EPROM, any
other memory chip or cartridge, a carrier wave, or any other medium
from which a computer can read.
Various forms of computer-readable media may be involved in
providing instructions to a processor for execution. For example,
the instructions for carrying out at least part of the various
exemplary embodiments may initially be borne on a magnetic disk of
a remote computer. In such a scenario, the remote computer loads
the instructions into main memory and sends the instructions over a
telephone line using a modem. A modem of a local computer system
receives the data on the telephone line and uses an infrared
transmitter to convert the data to an infrared signal and transmit
the infrared signal to a portable computing device, such as a
personal digital assistant (PDA) or a laptop. An infrared detector
on the portable computing device receives the information and
instructions borne by the infrared signal and places the data on a
bus. The bus conveys the data to main memory, from which a
processor retrieves and executes the instructions. The instructions
received by main memory can optionally be stored on storage device
either before or after execution by processor.
In the preceding specification, various preferred embodiments have
been described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It
will, however, be evident that various modifications and changes
may be made thereto, and additional embodiments may be implemented,
without departing from the broader scope of the invention as set
forth in the claims that flow. The specification and the drawings
are accordingly to be regarded in an illustrative rather than
restrictive sense.
* * * * *