U.S. patent number RE43,738 [Application Number 13/020,533] was granted by the patent office on 2012-10-16 for display device having a connection area outside the display area.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Seiko Epson Corporation. Invention is credited to Hidekazu Kobayashi, Yojiro Matsueda, Osamu Yokoyama.
United States Patent |
RE43,738 |
Kobayashi , et al. |
October 16, 2012 |
Display device having a connection area outside the display
area
Abstract
.[.An object of the present invention is to provide a.]. .Iadd.A
.Iaddend.display device capable of narrowing the area of the
frame.[.. In order to achieve this object, the display device
according to the present invention.]. has a substrate .[.having a
plurality of arranged display elements and a wiring layer of a
power source on the peripheral side; a bank layer for mutually
separating the display elements; an electrode layer for covering
the plurality of display elements and the bank layer; and a sealing
substrate for further covering the electrode layer by joining the
peripheral portion of the substrate and the sealing portion
circling around the periphery via a joining element such as an
adhesive; wherein the periphery of the sealing substrate is
positioned inside the periphery of the substrate, and the
peripheral portion of the electrode layer is connected to the
wiring of the power source within the sealing portion..]..Iadd.; a
plurality of first electrodes formed on or above the substrate; a
second electrode that is formed commonly for the plurality of first
electrodes; a sealing member, at least a part of which covers an
edge of the second electrode; and a light emitting layer being
formed between one first electrode of the plurality of first
electrodes and the second electrode, the second electrode covering
the entirety of the one first electrode, and a peripheral edge of
the sealing member not overlapping the one first electrode in plan
view..Iaddend.
Inventors: |
Kobayashi; Hidekazu (Suwa,
JP), Yokoyama; Osamu (Suwa, JP), Matsueda;
Yojiro (Suwa, JP) |
Assignee: |
Seiko Epson Corporation (Tokyo,
JP)
|
Family
ID: |
19191321 |
Appl.
No.: |
13/020,533 |
Filed: |
February 3, 2011 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
|
12404057 |
Mar 13, 2009 |
Re. 42215 |
|
|
|
10341392 |
Jan 14, 2003 |
7038377 |
|
|
Reissue of: |
11025948 |
Jan 3, 2005 |
7190116 |
Mar 13, 2007 |
|
|
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Jan 16, 2002 [JP] |
|
|
2002-007337 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
313/512; 313/504;
445/25; 445/24; 257/72; 428/690; 313/506 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01L
27/3276 (20130101); H01L 51/5246 (20130101); H01L
51/5256 (20130101); H01L 27/3246 (20130101); H01L
51/52 (20130101); H01L 51/524 (20130101); H01L
27/3223 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H05B
33/06 (20060101); H01J 1/62 (20060101); H05B
33/04 (20060101) |
Field of
Search: |
;313/504,506,512 ;257/72
;445/24,25 ;428/690 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A-04-278983 |
|
Oct 1992 |
|
JP |
|
10198285 |
|
Jul 1998 |
|
JP |
|
A-10-198285 |
|
Jul 1998 |
|
JP |
|
A-11-65487 |
|
Mar 1999 |
|
JP |
|
A-11-74073 |
|
Mar 1999 |
|
JP |
|
A-2000-223264 |
|
Aug 2000 |
|
JP |
|
A-2000-242194 |
|
Sep 2000 |
|
JP |
|
A-2000-357584 |
|
Dec 2000 |
|
JP |
|
A-2001-102169 |
|
Apr 2001 |
|
JP |
|
A-2001-154218 |
|
Jun 2001 |
|
JP |
|
A-2001-189190 |
|
Jul 2001 |
|
JP |
|
A-2001-195026 |
|
Jul 2001 |
|
JP |
|
A-2001-222237 |
|
Aug 2001 |
|
JP |
|
A-2001-222240 |
|
Aug 2001 |
|
JP |
|
A 2001-343933 |
|
Dec 2001 |
|
JP |
|
Other References
Apr. 5, 2011 Office Action issued in Japanese Patent Application
No. 2008-162863 (with translation). cited by other .
Mar. 30, 2011 Office Action issued in Japanese Patent Application
No. 2008-165626 (with translation). cited by other .
Mar. 30, 2011 Office Action issued in Japanese Patent Application
No. 2008-257149 (with translation). cited by other .
Mar. 30, 2011 Office Action issued in Japanese Patent Application
No. 2009-036206 (with translation). cited by other.
|
Primary Examiner: Roy; Sikha
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Oliff & Berridge, PLC
Parent Case Text
.Iadd.This is one of two reissue applications of U.S. Pat. No.
7,190,116. The first reissue application is U.S. application Ser.
No. 12/404,057 filed Mar. 13, 2009. This reissue application is a
reissue continuation of said U.S. application Ser. No. 12/404,057,
the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein in its
entirety..Iaddend.
This is a divisional application of U.S. application Ser. No.
10/341,392, filed on Jan. 14, 2003 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,038,377.
Claims
What is claimed is:
.[.1. A display device, comprising: a substrate including a
plurality of display elements, a bank layer that separates each of
the display elements, and a wiring layer; a common electrode layer
that is spread out to the periphery of the substrate and covers
said plurality of display elements and said bank layer; and a
multilayer thin film for covering the substrate, wherein a flat
peripheral portion of the common electrode layer is laminated to a
flat top face of the wiring layer through laminated flat conductive
films which form a linear electrical connection area in plane, and
the connection area is continuously positioned outside of the bank
layer along sides of the substrate where a wiring tape is not
connected, and the multilayer thin film extends beyond the
connection area of the common electrode layer and the wiring
layer..].
.[.2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein at least one
thin film among the multilayer thin film has gas barrier properties
or anti-environmental properties..].
.[.3. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the
substrate is a square substrate, and the common electrode layer and
the wiring layer are connected at one side of the substrate by
laminating the common electrode layer and the wiring layer together
using the laminated flat conductive films..].
.[.4. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the
substrate is a square substrate, and the common electrode layer and
the wiring layer are connected at two sides of the substrate by
laminating the common electrode layer and the wiring layer together
using the laminated flat conductive films..].
.[.5. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the
substrate is a square substrate, and the common electrode layer and
the wiring layer are connected at three sides of the substrate by
laminating the common electrode layer and the wiring layer together
using the laminated flat conductive films..].
.[.6. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the
multilayer thin film includes an inorganic layer..].
.[.7. The display device according to claim 6, wherein the
inorganic layer is made of a material selected from SiO.sub.2, is
SiN and SiON..].
.[.8. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the
multilayer thin film includes an organic layer..].
.[.9. The display device according to claim 8, wherein the organic
layer includes fluoric macromolecules..].
.[.10. The display device according to claim 8, wherein the organic
layer is made of a material selected from polyethylene, polystyrene
and polypropylene..].
.[.11. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the
multilayer thin film is formed by laminating an organic
layer/inorganic layer/organic layer..].
.[.12. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the
multilayer thin film is formed by laminating an inorganic
layer/organic layer/inorganic layer..].
.[.13. A manufacturing method of a display device, comprising: a
step of forming at least a wiring layer at a part of the periphery
of a substrate to which an electrical circuit is to be formed; a
step of forming an element separation layer comprising a plurality
of grooves for mutually separating a plurality of display elements
excluding an area over the wiring layer of the substrate; a step of
forming said display elements to each of the plurality of grooves
of the element separation layer; a step of forming a common
electrode layer on the plurality of display elements, the element
separation layer, and the wiring layer, respectively; and a sealing
step of directly forming a multilayer thin film above the common
electrode layer and the substrate; wherein a flat peripheral
portion of the common electrode layer is laminated to a flat top
face of the wiring layer through laminated flat conductive films
which form a linear electrical connection area in plane; and the
connection area is continuously positioned outside of the element
separation layer along sides of the substrate where a wiring tape
is not connected, and the multilayer thin film extends beyond the
connection area..].
.Iadd.14. A display device comprising: a substrate; a plurality of
first electrodes formed on or above the substrate; a second
electrode that is formed commonly for the plurality of first
electrodes; a sealing member, at least a part of which covers an
edge of the second electrode; and a light emitting layer being
formed between one first electrode of the plurality of first
electrodes and the second electrode, the second electrode covering
the entirety of the one first electrode, and a peripheral edge of
the sealing member not overlapping the one first electrode in plan
view..Iaddend.
.Iadd.15. The display device according to claim 14, further
comprising: a wiring disposed above the substrate, the wiring being
electrically connected to the second electrode, the sealing member
overlapping at least a portion of the wiring in plan
view..Iaddend.
.Iadd.16. The display device according to claim 15, further
comprising: a transistor including a gate electrode, a source
electrode, and a drain electrode electrically connected to the one
first electrode, and the wiring including a first conduction layer
formed in the same layer with the source electrode or the drain
electrode..Iaddend.
.Iadd.17. The display device according to claim 15, the wiring
including a second conduction layer formed in the same layer with
the gate electrode..Iaddend.
.Iadd.18. The display device according to claim 15, the second
electrode including a connecting portion which is coupled to the
wiring, and the wiring having a width equal to a width of the
connecting portion..Iaddend.
.Iadd.19. The display device according to claim 18, a surface of
the connecting portion which is opposite to the substrate, with
regard to the connecting portion being fiat. .Iaddend.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention pertains to a flat, panel-type display
device, and in particular to an invention of a display device
capable of narrowing the so-called frame, which is the non-display
area at the periphery of a display unit.
2. Description of the Related Art
There has been provided a display device that forms screens of
text, images or video pictures by arranging a plurality of display
elements and controlling the status of the respective display
elements. An example of this would be an electro-optic device such
as a liquid crystal display device or an organic EL display device.
With this kind of display device, deterioration of components is
prevented by hermetically sealing a substrate and another
substrate, or a substrate and a sealing member.
For instance, with an organic EL display device, the peripheral gas
infiltrating within the device influences the life duration of the
organic EL light emitting element. In particular, moisture (water
vapor) and oxygen deteriorate metal electrodes, and complicate the
prolonged operation of the light emitting element. Thus, a
substrate having formed thereon an array of the organic EL display
element is sealed with the likes of a metal can, waterproof plastic
package or protective film to acquire gas barrier property against
water vapor and oxygen.
Nevertheless, when forming the likes of a sealing metal can or
sealing protective film on a display element substrate with display
elements formed thereon, space is required for connecting the
sealing metal can or sealing protective film to the display element
substrate. Moreover, in order to secure the foregoing gas barrier
property, a prescribed amount of connection width (connection
space) also becomes necessary. Since the sealing of the display
element substrate is conducted at the periphery of this substrate,
a so-called frame that is not utilized as a display area arises at
such periphery. This complicates the miniaturization and
unrestricted design of devices such as portable telephone devices
and portable information devices mounted with a display device.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a
display device capable of narrowing the area of the frame.
Moreover, another object of the present invention is to provide a
display device in which the gas barrier property does not
deteriorate even upon narrowing the area of the frame.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In order to achieve the foregoing objects, the display device
according to the present invention comprises: a substrate having a
plurality of display elements separated with a bank layer, and a
wiring layer; an electrode layer for covering the plurality of
display elements and the bank layer; and a sealing substrate for
covering the substrate by joining at least the peripheral sealing
area of the substrate; wherein the wiring layer is formed at a part
of the sealing area of the substrate; and the peripheral portion of
the electrode layer is connected to the wiring layer within the
sealing area.
According to the foregoing structure, since a part of the sealing
area of the substrate can be utilized as the connection area of the
electrode and wiring, the size of the sealing substrate can be
reduced while securing the connection width necessary for gas
barrier or the like, and the portion that is the structural element
of the frame of the display device is thereby reduced in size.
Preferably, the electrode layer is a common electrode (negative
electrode or positive electrode) of the respective display
elements.
Preferably, the common electrode layer is formed to include at
least two types of electrode layers in which one is a lower layer
positioned on the display element side and the other is an upper
layer positioned thereon; and the upper electrode layer is formed
from material having superior gas barrier property or
anti-environmental property in comparison to the upper electrode
layer. Thereby, deterioration of the lower electrode layer can be
suppressed. Moreover, a film with favorable luminous efficiency (or
operational efficiency) can be used as the lower electrode
layer.
Preferably, the lower electrode layer is formed to cover the
plurality of display elements in their entirety and at least a part
of the bank layer, but away from the sealing portion of the sealing
substrate; and the upper electrode (layer) is formed to cover the
lower (part) electrode layer in its entirety and to reach inside
the sealing portion of the sealing substrate. Thereby, the lower
electrode layer will be away from the joining portion where gas may
infiltrate, and it will thereby be possible to suppress the
deterioration of the lower electrode layer. Moreover, a film with
favorable luminous efficiency can be used as the lower electrode
layer.
Preferably, the sealing substrate includes a protrusive sealing
portion so as to circle around the periphery of the sealing
substrate opposite to the sealing area of the substrate. Thereby, a
hollow sealing substrate (having a concave cross section) may be
used for sealing the substrate.
Preferably, the top face of the wiring layer of the substrate is
formed flatly, and the electrode layer is laminated thereon and
connected electrically. Thereby, conduction of the wiring layer and
electrode layer can be sought with certainty.
Preferably, the face of the substrate opposite the sealing portion
of the sealing substrate is also formed flatly. Thereby, the stress
applied to the sealing portion of the substrate can be made
uniform.
Preferably, multilayer thin films are used instead of the sealing
substrate for sealing. Thereby, a flexible film-like display device
can be realized.
Preferably, the size of the sealing area of the substrate is
determined with the margin necessary in securing the gas barrier
property or anti-environmental property of the joining means, and
the connection area of the electrode layer and the wiring layer is
included in the margin. Thereby, reliability can be secured and the
frame of the display device can be narrowed.
Preferably, the joining means includes an adhesive film, and the
film thickness of the adhesive film does not exceed 20 .mu.m.
Moreover, the width of the adhesive film is at least 1 mm or more.
Thereby, the contact face with outside atmosphere can be reduced,
the infiltration length of outside atmosphere can be secured
considerably, and the deterioration of the sealed element can be
suppressed thereby.
Preferably, the periphery of the sealing substrate is positioned
inside the periphery of the substrate in an amount corresponding to
the margin upon mounting the sealing substrate on the substrate.
Thereby, the sealing substrate can be mounted on the substrate with
ease.
Moreover, preferably, the periphery of the sealing substrate is
positioned inside the periphery of the substrate in an amount
corresponding to at least the scribe margin upon dividing the
substrate. Thereby, space necessary for separating and cutting the
display after assembly is secured.
Preferably, the sealing substrate is structured from a flat
substrate. Thereby, sealing can be performed more easily.
Preferably, the bank layer is not positioned within the sealing
area of the substrate. Thereby, since the bank layer will be away
from the sealing area, the bank layer may be formed from an organic
material having high moisture permeability.
Preferably, the substrate is a polygonal or a square substrate, and
the electrode layer and the wiring layer are connected at one side
of this substrate. Thereby, since it will no longer be necessary to
lay wiring with the electrode layer in the other sides (or three
sides), such other sides (or three sides) can be narrowed. This
kind of structure is effective in cases as with a display device of
a portable telephone wherein the module may be elongated in a
certain direction, but is restricted in other directions.
Preferably, the substrate is a polygonal or a square substrate, and
the electrode layer and the wiring layer are respectively connected
at two sides of this substrate. This kind of structure is effective
in cases of installing a plurality of driver ICs in order to reduce
wiring resistance up to the electrode and displaying large volumes
of data.
Preferably, the substrate is a polygonal or a square substrate, and
the electrode layer and the wiring layer are respectively connected
at three sides of this substrate. This kind of structure is capable
of sufficiently reducing the wiring resistance up to the electrode
through connection at such three sides, and seeking the connection
with an external circuit with one side.
Preferably, the substrate is a polygonal or a square substrate, and
the electrode layer and the wiring layer are respectively connected
at four sides of this substrate. This kind of structure is
preferable in cases of reducing the wiring resistance as much as
possible, which becomes necessary when realizing a large-sized high
resolution display device. Here, a pullout wiring may be formed via
an insulation film below the power source wiring layer, or the
connection area of the electrode layer and power source wiring
layer may be divided into a plurality of blocks, and the pullout
wiring may be disposed collectively between the mutual blocks.
Preferably, dummy display elements are disposed around the
periphery of the area where the plurality of display elements is
arranged. Thereby, substantial influence on the display elements is
alleviated. Moreover, application (amount of application) of the
display element material with the inkjet system can be made
uniform.
Preferably, the display element is an organic EL element. The lower
electrode layer is calcium and the upper electrode layer is
aluminum.
Preferably, the bank layer is formed from resin material. Color
mixture can be prevented since a bank layer exists between the
display elements.
Preferably, the display device is employed in electronic devices
such as a digital camera, personal computer, flat-panel television,
portable information terminal device, portable telephone device,
electronic book, and the like. Thereby, various devices with
minimal excess non-display areas (frame) at the periphery of the
display device are obtained.
The manufacturing method of a display device according to the
present invention comprises: a step of forming at least a wiring
layer at a part of the sealing area established inside the
periphery of the substrate to which an electrical circuit is to be
formed; a step of forming an element separation layer comprising a
plurality of grooves for mutually separating the plurality of
display elements excluding the top (face) of the wiring layer of
the substrate; a step of forming the display elements to each of
the plurality of grooves of the element separation layer; a step of
forming a common electrode layer on the plurality of display
elements, the display separation layer, and the wiring layer,
respectively; a joining material application step of applying
joining material to the sealing area of the substrate; and a
sealing step of joining a sealing substrate having a circular
sealing portion at the sealing area of the substrate with the
joining material and sealing the substrate.
According to the foregoing structure, the frame of the display
device can be narrowed.
Preferably, the joining material application step applies the
joining material on the connection area of the common electrode
layer and the wiring layer formed within the sealing area of the
substrate and to the remaining sealing area (other than the
foregoing area). Thereby, the sealing area between the substrate
and the sealing substrate can be sealed with the required joining
material.
Moreover, the manufacturing method of a display device according to
the present invention comprises: a step of forming at least a
wiring layer at a part of the sealing area established inside the
periphery of the substrate to which an electrical circuit is to be
formed; a step of forming an element separation layer comprising a
plurality of grooves for mutually separating the plurality of
display elements excluding the top (face) of the wiring layer of
the substrate; a step of forming the display elements to each of
the plurality of grooves of the element separation layer; a step of
forming a common electrode layer on the plurality of display
elements, the display separation layer, and the wiring layer,
respectively; a joining material application step of applying
joining material to the sealing area of the substrate and the
common electrode layer; and a sealing step of joining a sealing
substrate covering the sealing area of the substrate and the common
electrode layer with the joining material and sealing the
substrate.
According to the foregoing structure, the frame of the display
device can be narrowed.
Moreover, the manufacturing method of a display device according to
the present invention comprises: a step of forming at least a
wiring layer at a part of the sealing area established inside the
periphery of the substrate to which an electrical circuit is to be
formed; a step of forming an element separation layer comprising a
plurality of grooves for mutually separating the plurality of
display elements excluding the upper (face) of the wiring layer of
the substrate; a step of forming the display elements to each of
the plurality of grooves of the element separation layer; a step of
forming a common electrode layer on the plurality of display
elements, the display separation layer, and the wiring layer,
respectively; and a sealing step of forming a multilayer film on
the substrate for covering the sealing area and the common
electrode layer and sealing the substrate.
Preferably, the multilayer film contains a film that prevents the
permeation of water or gas.
Preferably, the common electrode layer is formed to include at
least two types of electrode layers in which one is a lower layer
positioned on the display element side and the other is an upper
layer positioned thereon; and the upper electrode layer is formed
from material having superior gas barrier property or
anti-environmental property in comparison to the lower electrode
layer. Thereby, deterioration of the light emitting element can be
prevented.
Preferably, the lower electrode layer is formed to cover the
plurality of display elements in their entirety and at least a part
of the bank layer, but away from the sealing portion of the sealing
substrate; and the upper electrode layer is formed to cover the
lower electrode layer in its entirety and to reach inside the
sealing portion of the sealing substrate. Thereby, deterioration of
the lower electrode layer can be prevented.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a plan view for explaining the first embodiment of the
display device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross section along section A-B of FIG. 1 for
explaining the first embodiment (example of employing a sealing
substrate) of the display device according to the present
invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross section along section C-D of FIG. 1 for
explaining the first embodiment of the display device according to
the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the edge structure
of a general display device (comparative example) for explaining
the effect of the first embodiment;
FIG. 5(a) and FIG. 5(b) are explanatory diagrams for explaining the
flatness in the sealing portion of the substrate periphery, wherein
FIG. 5(a) illustrates a case when there is misalignment between the
substrate wiring layers 121, 112, 107 and the common electrode 123,
and FIG. 5(b) illustrates a case when there is no such
misalignment;
FIGS. 6(a)-6(d) are process charts for explaining the manufacturing
process of the display device according to the first
embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a cross section along section A-B of FIG. 1 for
explaining the second embodiment (example of adhering the entire
face of the sealing substrate) of the display device according to
the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross section along section C-D of FIG. 1 for
explaining the second embodiment of the display device according to
the present invention;
FIGS. 9(a)-9(d) are process charts for explaining the manufacturing
process of the display device according to the second
embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a cross section along section A-B of FIG. 1 for
explaining the third embodiment (example of employing a multilayer
sealing film) of the display device according to the present
invention;
FIG. 11 is a cross section along section C-D of FIG. 1 for
explaining the third embodiment of the display device according to
the present invention;
FIGS. 12(a)-12(d) are process charts for explaining the
manufacturing process of the display device according to the third
embodiment;
FIG. 13 is a plan view for explaining the fourth embodiment
(example of employing dummy pixels) of the display device according
to the present invention;
FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of
connecting the power source wiring and common electrode at three
sides of the substrate;
FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of
connecting the power source wiring and common electrode at one side
of the substrate;
FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of
connecting the power source wiring and common electrode at two
sides of the substrate;
FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of
connecting the power source wiring and common electrode at four
sides of the substrate;
FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of a
portable personal computer employing the display device according
to the present invention;
FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of a
portable telephone device employing the display device according to
the present invention;
FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of a
digital camera employing the display device according to the
present invention; and
FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of an
electronic book employing the display device according to the
present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Embodiments of the present invention are now explained with
reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 are explanatory diagram for explaining the first
embodiment of the display device according to the present
invention. FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically showing the display
device. FIG. 2 is a cross section schematically showing the cross
section along direction A-B of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a cross section
schematically showing the cross section along direction C-D of FIG.
1. The same reference numerals are given to the components
corresponding in the respective diagrams. Moreover, the display
element area in the center of FIG. 2 is illustrated in a simplified
manner.
The display device 1 of the first embodiment shows a case of an
organic EL display device. When classified broadly, this display
device 1 is structured from a TFT substrate 100 comprising a light
emitting element array, a sealing substrate 200 for sealing the
light emitting element array, a joining means 301 for joining the
TFT substrate 100 and sealing substrate 200, a scan line driving
unit 140 for driving the scan line of the TFT substrate 100, a data
driver IC 401 for driving the data line of the TFT substrate 100,
and so on.
The TFT substrate 100 is structured from a plurality of organic EL
light emitting elements 120 arranged in a matrix, a TFT transistor
130 for driving such light emitting elements 120 or which functions
as a switch, and so on. With the TFT substrate 100, a protective
film 102 is formed on a glass substrate 101, silicon is deposited
thereon, low-concentration impurities are injected therein and
patterning is performed thereto in order to form a polysilicon TFT
area 103. Moreover, the substrate 100 may also be a resin
substrate. A gate insulation film 104 formed of oxidized silicon is
deposited thereon with the CVD method. Aluminum is deposited
thereon with the sputtering method and patterning is performed
thereto in order to form organic EL driving power source wiring
films 105 and 106, an organic EL negative electrode wiring layer
107, and a gate wiring film 108 of the TFT 130. Next, a mask is
used to inject high-concentration ion into the source drain area of
the TFT area 103, and oxidized silicon is deposited thereon in
order to form a first interlayer insulation film 110. A contact
hole mask is used to perform anisotropic etching in order to open a
contact hole in the TFT area 103. Next, aluminum is deposited
thereon and pattering is performed thereto in order to form a
source drain electrode 109 and a connection electrode 112. Next,
oxidized silicon is deposited thereon in order to form a second
interlayer insulation film 111. In order to suppress the arrival of
TFT deterioration factors such as metal ion and water at the TFT,
as the second interlayer insulation film, for example, used may be
an insulation film containing at least one element among boron,
carbon, nitrogen, aluminum, silicon, phosphorus, ytterbium,
samarium, erbium, yttrium, gadolinium, dysprosium, neodymium, and
so on. A display element group described later is formed
thereon.
The center area of the TFT substrate 100 structured as described
above is the display area to which the display element group is
disposed. The light emitting element 120 of red emission, green
emission and blue emission as the display element is arranged in a
matrix with these three colors as a single pixel. Each of the
emitted lights of the respective light emitting elements 120 is
emitted outside via the glass substrate 101. Moreover, light may
also be abstracted from the side opposite the TFT substrate 100.
Here, it is preferable that the layers above the light emitting
layer is structured of material having high optical transmittance.
In order to separate the respective light emitting elements and
prevent color mixture, a bank layer 113 is formed between the
respective light emitting elements and at the periphery of the
display area. This bank layer 113 may be formed, for instance, by
patterning an organic material film such as a photoresist.
The light emitting element 120 is structured from a transparent
(ITO) positive electrode 121, an organic EL layer/electron hole
transport layer 122, a negative electrode (common electrode) 123,
and so on. The negative electrode 123 has a two-layer structure,
and, for example, the lower layer is a calcium film 123a and the
upper layer is an aluminum film 123b. The negative electrode 123a
is formed across the respective light emitting elements 120, the
bank layers mutually between the respective light emitting elements
120, and the bank layer 113 at the periphery of the display area,
and, the contact with the upper layer negative electrode 123b is
secured thereby. The upper layer negative electrode 123b also
functions as a wiring film, and is connected to the wiring film 107
in the area at the lower part of the sealing portion 202. As
described above, the luminous efficiency can be improved by making
the negative electrode 123a, which is in contact with the organic
EL layer/electron hole transport layer 122, a calcium film, and, by
covering the calcium film 123a in its entirety with the upper layer
aluminum film 123b, low-resistance wiring and gas barrier (erosion
prevention) are sought. Moreover, this may also employ an organic
EL element structure where an electron injection layer or an
electron transport layer is additionally disposed on the light
emitting layer (organic EL layer/electron hole transport layer), or
a laminate of such electron injection layer and electron transport
layer may be additionally disposed thereon.
The top face of the substrate 100 structured as described above is
sealed with a sealing substrate 200 having a cross inverted concave
shape. This sealing substrate 200 is structured, for instance, from
metal, glass, ceramic, plastic or the like, and comprises a tabular
sealing plate 201, a protrusive sealing portion 202 formed around
the periphery at the bottom face of this sealing plate, and a
drying agent (material) 203. The drying agent 203 adsorbs the water
vapor or oxygen gas infiltrating inside.
Nitrogen gas as the inert gas is filled between the TFT substrate
100 and the sealing substrate 200, and both substrates 100 and 200
are joined at the sealing portion 202 via an adhesive 301 as the
joining means. Although the adhesive may be suitably selected from
those having thermosetting properties or ultraviolet curing
properties, in particular, those having low permeability against
gas such as water vapor are employed.
As shown in FIG. 2, the substrate 100 is provided with a margin a
for placing the sealing substrate 200. Moreover, width d of the
sealing portion 202 of the sealing substrate 200; that is, sealing
area d of the substrate 100, is set to a suitable width
(corresponds approximately to width b of the portion of only the
adhesive 301 and the connection width c of the vertical wirings)
for the adhesive 301 to prevent the infiltration of gas. For
instance, this width (width d of the adhesive 301) is made to be 1
mm or more so as to secure a long infiltration length of the
outside atmosphere, whereby the infiltration of water vapor and
oxygen gas from the adhesive layer will become difficult. Moreover,
the film thickness of the adhesive 301 is made to be 20 .mu.m or
less so as to reduce the contact face of the adhesive 301 and
outside atmosphere, whereby the infiltration of gas will become
difficult. This will also suppress the deterioration of elements
sealed inside.
The negative electrode film 123b is placed within the area at the
lower part of this sealing portion 202 in an amount corresponding
to the vertical connection width c, and connected to the wiring 107
of the substrate 100 via the ITO film 121 and the source drain
electrode film 112.
As shown in FIG. 3, the data line of the substrate 100 is connected
to the electrode 121 of the substrate end, and connected to a
wiring tape 402 via an anisotropic conductive film 303. The data
driver IC 401 for driving the respective data lines is bonded in
the middle of this wiring tape. A part of the negative electrode
123 is also placed into the sealing portion 202 at the lower part
of the substrate 100.
FIG. 4 shows a general joining example (comparative example) of the
TFT substrate 100 and the sealing substrate 200. In FIG. 4, the
components corresponding to those illustrated in FIG. 2 are given
the same reference numerals, and the explanation of such components
is omitted.
In this example, a mounting margin a upon mounting the sealing
substrate 200 on the TFT substrate 100 and a margin d of the
adhesive 301 for preventing the infiltration of gas and securing
reliability of sealing are secured outside the connection area c of
the negative electrode 123 and the substrate wiring 107. The
distance from the end of the TFT substrate 100 to the connection
area c is mounting margin a+margin d of adhesive 301+connection
area c. With this structure, the dimension of the non-display area
at the periphery of the display device 1 is large.
Contrarily, with the structure of the first embodiment depicted in
FIG. 2, the negative electrode 123 or the connection area c of the
negative electrode 123 and the wiring 107 is placed into the lower
part area (width d) of the sealing portion 202. The distance from
the end of the TFT substrate 100 to the connection area is mounting
margin a+margin d of adhesive 301. Margin d of the adhesive 301
will be approximately b+c, and the dimension of the non-display
area will be reduced in an amount corresponding to the margin c of
the wiring connection portion.
Moreover, with the structure of the first embodiment, the lower
part area of the sealing portion 202 is formed, as shown in FIG.
5(a), to be practically flat, or such that the unevenness does not
change. In FIG. 5(a) and FIG. 5(b), the components corresponding to
those illustrated in FIG. 2 are given the same reference numerals,
and the explanation of such components is omitted.
In FIG. 5(a) and FIG. 5(b), x represents the connection width of
the power source wiring 107 and the common electrode film 123, y
represents the misalignment between the power source wiring 107 and
the common electrode film 123, and z represents the sealing margin
under the sealing area at the periphery of the foregoing connection
area.
As illustrated in these diagrams, the power source wiring 107 of
the TFT substrate 100 at the lower part area of the sealing portion
202 is formed to be relatively broad and flat. The power source
wiring 107 is, as shown in FIG. 1, disposed at the periphery of the
substrate 100 so as not to intersect with other wirings. Thereby,
the generation of unevenness arising from the intersecting of
wirings is avoided as much as possible, and the power source wiring
107 is formed to be flat. The aluminum film 112 and ITO film 121
are formed flatly thereon and aluminum of the common electrode film
123 is further deposited on the flat face 1 of these conductive
films in order to realize electrical connection with the negative
electrode of the light emitting element 120. The top face
(insulation film 111) m of the substrate 100 at the peripheral side
of this connection area is also formed to be flat.
Preferably, as shown in FIG. 5(a), the misalignment y between the
power source wiring 107 and the common electrode film 123 is made
to be 0. Thereby, the width of the power source wiring 107 and the
connection width of the common electrode 123 are coincided to
minimize wiring resistance, and, as a result, the waste of
measurement in the width direction can be avoided.
As described above, the conductive portion (vertical conductive
portion) x of the power source wiring film 107 and the common
electrode 123 is formed to be flat, and the sealing area z of the
periphery thereof is also made to be a flat area. Vertical
conduction is carried out with certainty, unevenness of the film
end portion after forming the common electrode film 123 is evenly
formed, and height of the vertical conductive portion is aligned at
the TFT substrate 100 side so as to prevent the sealing conditions
from changing in the vertical conductive area portion. Further, by
securing a flat portion z at the peripheral portion z of the
vertical conductive portion x, the stress applied to the sealing
portion from can sealing can be made uniform.
FIG. 6(a) to FIG. 6(d) are process charts for explaining the
manufacturing process of the display device 1 according to the
first embodiment.
Foremost, as shown in FIG. 6(a), the TFT substrate 100 is formed.
In other words, a silicon nitride film is deposited on the glass
substrate 101 with the CVD method in order to form the protective
film 102. Silicon is deposited thereon with the CVD method.
Further, low-concentration impurities are injected therein, and
thermal processing of laser annealing is performed thereto in order
to form the polysilicon film 103. Pattering is performed to this
polysilicon film 103 in order to form the TFT area 130. The gate
insulation film 104 formed from oxidized silicon is deposited
thereon with the CVD method. Aluminum is deposited thereon with the
sputtering method and patterning is performed thereto in order to
form organic EL driving power source wiring films 105 and 106, the
organic EL negative electrode wiring layer 107, and the gate wiring
film 108 of the TFT 130. Next, a mask is used to inject
high-concentration ion into the source drain area of the TFT area
103, and the impurities are activated with thermal processing.
Further, oxidized silicon is deposited thereon with the CVD method
in order to form the first interlayer insulation film 110. A
contact hole mask is used to perform anisotropic etching to this
interlayer insulation film 110 in order to open a contact hole in
the source drain area of the TFT area 103. Next, aluminum is
deposited thereon and pattering is performed thereto in order to
from the source drain electrode 109 and the connection electrode
112.
Next, as shown in FIG. 6(b), oxidized silicon is deposited thereon
in order to form the second interlayer insulation film 111. Etching
is performed to the interlayer insulation film 111 on the wiring
film 107 in order to expose the aluminum film 112. ITO is deposited
thereon with the sputtering method, and pattering is performed
thereto in order to form the positive electrode 121 of the light
emitting element 120. Moreover, the ITO film 121 is also deposited
on the aluminum film 112 on the wiring film 107 in order to adjust
the film thickness of the connection area and to prevent
oxidization of the aluminum surface.
As shown in FIG. 6(c), a photosensitive organic resin film is
applied with the spin coating method, and pattering is performed
thereto in order to form the bank layer 113 in which the positive
electrode (ITO) 121 of the light emitting element is exposed at the
bottom part of the groove. This bank layer 113 separates the
respective light emitting elements. Next, the EL layer 122 is
formed on the positive electrode 121 with the inkjet method. The EL
layer 122 is structured, for example, from a light emitting layer,
electron transport layer, electron injection layer, hole injection
layer, hole transport layer, and so on. Calcium 123a, for instance,
is patterned on these light emitting elements 120 with vacuum
deposition, and patterning is further performed thereto by
evaporating the aluminum 123b. Calcium 123a and aluminum 123b
structure the negative electrode (common electrode) 123 of the
light emitting element 120. By making the negative electrode 123 a
two-layer structure covered with the lower layer calcium layer 123a
and the upper layer aluminum layer 123b, infiltration of moisture
to the calcium film 123a is prevented (securement of gas barrier
properties). The aluminum film 123b is spread out to the periphery
of the substrate 101 as the common electrode 123, and is connected
to the wiring film 107 via the ITO film 121 and the aluminum film
112 at the margin c of the wiring connection portion (c.f. FIG.
2).
Next, as shown in FIG. 6(d), an adhesive or sealant 301 is applied
to the portion including the wiring film 107 at the periphery of
the TFT substrate 100, and the sealing substrate 200 having an
inverted concave shape with protrusions 202 at the periphery
thereof is bonded under an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen
gas. A drying agent is disposed inside the sealing substrate 200,
and adsorbs the moisture or oxygen infiltrating inside. As the
adhesive, preferably used is an insulation material that does not
permeate oxygen or moisture, and photo-curing resin or
thermosetting resin may be used. For example, epoxy resin or
acrylate resin may be used.
The display device is formed as described above.
The second embodiment is illustrated in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8. In these
diagrams, the components corresponding to those illustrated in FIG.
2 and FIG. 3 are given the same reference numerals, and the
explanation of such components is omitted.
In the present embodiment, a flat substrate is used as the sealing
substrate 200. As the sealing substrate 200, preferably employed
may be a glass plate, aluminum plate, stainless plate, acryl plate,
ceramic plate, and so on. The adhesive 301 is used to fill the
entire gap between the TFT substrate 100 and the sealing substrate
200 so as to join (bond) the two substrates, Even in this case
also, the width of margins b+c necessary in securing the
reliability of sealing described above including the connection
area of the negative electrode 123 and the wiring film 107 of the
substrate is secured, and the bank layer 113 is positioned to be
inside the connection area of the negative electrode 123 and the
wiring film 107 of the substrate. Thereby, the frame width can be
narrowed, and, infiltration of gas into the bank layer 113 can be
prevented as a result of placing the resin film 113, which has
relatively high moisture permeability, away from the adhesive
301.
FIG. 9(a) to FIG. 9(d) are process charts for explaining the
manufacturing process of the display device 1 according to the
second embodiment. In these diagrams, the components corresponding
to those illustrated in FIG. 6 are given the same reference
numerals, and the explanation of such components is omitted.
In this display device also, the processes of FIG. 9(a) to FIG.
9(c) are similarly conducted as with FIG. 6(a) to FIG. 6(c).
As shown in FIG. 9(c), after the TFT substrate 100 is formed, the
adhesive 301 is applied to the top face of the TFT substrate 100
with the spin coating method, ink-jet method or transcription
roller to achieve a suitable film thickness. The sealing substrate
200 is bonded on top of this adhesive film while being aligned with
the TFT substrate 100.
Moreover, the adhesive 301 may also be applied to the sealing
substrate 200 for bonding with the TFT substrate 100. Further,
after aligning the sealing substrate 200 and the TFT substrate 100,
an adhesive may be infiltrated inside from the peripheral gaps with
the capillary phenomenon.
The third embodiment is illustrated in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11. In
these diagrams, the components corresponding to those illustrated
in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are given the same reference numerals, and the
explanation of such components is omitted.
In the present embodiment, a multilayer thin film 210 is formed
instead of the sealing substrate 200. For example, Japanese Patent
Laid-Open Publication No. 2000-223264 proposes a laminate film of
an inorganic passivation sealing film and resin sealing film as the
sealing film. The multilayer thin film 210 is formed on the TFT
substrate 100, and covers the negative electrode 123 in its
entirety. The multilayer thin film may adopt the various
structures; for instance, the structure of an organic
layer/inorganic layer/organic layer, or inorganic layer/organic
layer/inorganic layer, and so on. As the inorganic material, for
example, ceramic materials such as SiO.sub.2, SiN and SiON may be
used, and, as the organic resin material, general hydrocarbon
macromolecules such as polyethylene, polystyrene and polypropylene
may be used. Moreover, this may also be fluoric macromolecules. The
polymer materials themselves may be disposed, or precursors or
monomers may be applied on the substrate for curing. The negative
electrode 123 is connected to the power source wiring 107 at the
end side of the substrate 100. Even in this case also, the width of
margins b+c necessary in securing the reliability of sealing
described above including the connection area of the negative
electrode 123 and the wiring film 107 of the substrate is secured,
and the bank layer 113 is positioned to be inside the connection
area of the negative electrode 123 and the wiring film 107 of the
substrate. Thereby, the frame can be narrowed.
FIG. 12(a) to FIG. 12(d) are process charts for explaining the
manufacturing process of the display device 1 according to the
third embodiment. In these diagrams, the components corresponding
to those illustrated in FIG. 6 are given the same reference
numerals, and the explanation of such components is omitted.
In this display device also, the processes of FIG. 12(a) to FIG.
12(c) are similarly conducted as with FIG. 6(a) to FIG. 6(c).
As shown in FIG. 12(c), after the TFT substrate 100 is formed, as
shown in FIG. 12(d), a highly airtight protective film 210 is used
to cover the TFT substrate 100 so as to prevent the negative
electrode 123 from being exposed to the outside air, and patterning
is performed to the periphery thereof in order to enable separation
of the substrate. The protective film 210 is preferably a
multilayer thin film. As described above, the multilayer thin film
may be formed by laminating an organic layer/inorganic
layer/organic layer, or inorganic layer/organic layer/inorganic
layer, and so on. As the inorganic material, for example, ceramic
materials such as SiO.sub.2, SiN and SiON may be used, and, as the
organic resin material, general hydrocarbon macromolecules such as
polyethylene, polystyrene and polypropylene may be used. Moreover,
this may also be fluoric macromolecules. The polymer materials
themselves may be disposed, or precursors or monomers may be
applied on the substrate for curing.
FIG. 13 illustrates the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, an example is illustrated where dummy
pixels are further added to the display area of the display device
of the foregoing first to third embodiments.
Gas infiltrated inside the display device will penetrate within the
film and affect the display area from the display elements on the
peripheral side. Thus, by providing in advance dummy pixels that
are not used in image display at the periphery of the display area,
influence of the infiltrated gas to the screen display is
alleviated. Moreover, as a result of providing dummy pixels at the
periphery of the display area, the applied film can be formed
evenly when a luminous material is applied with the inkjet method.
In other words, with the inkjet method, minute ink (material)
droplets are discharged from the nozzle, and, after the start of
such discharge, time is required for the discharged rate to become
stable. As a result of stabilizing the discharge rate at the dummy
pixel portion, the coating film of the respective light emitting
elements can be made uniform.
Moreover, the mask deposition method may also be employed instead
of the inkjet method for forming the luminous body. Further, the
inkjet method and mask deposition method may be used in
combination.
FIG. 14 to FIG. 17 illustrate yet other embodiments of the present
invention. In the respective diagrams, the components corresponding
to those illustrated in FIG. 1 are given the same reference
numerals, and the explanation of such components is omitted.
In these embodiments, although the TFT substrate and the sealing
substrate are placed together and sealed at the periphery of the
substrates, one or more sides, or all of the sides of the periphery
of the TFT substrate are narrowed.
With the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, as shown in
FIG. 14, the power source wiring 107 and the common electrode
(negative electrode) 123 are connected at the three sides (upper
side, left side, right side) of the square (polygonal) substrate
100, narrowing of the frame is sought by sealing the outside areas
thereof, and the driver IC (external circuit) is connected with the
wiring tape 402 at one side (lower side). According to this
structure, wiring resistance can be reduced up to the common
electrode 123 with the connection at three sides, and, since one
side can be dedicated to connection with the external circuit, the
frame of the overall display device module can be narrowed in a
well-balanced manner.
With the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 15, the power source wiring
107 and the common electrode (negative electrode) 123 are connected
at one side (lower side) of the substrate 100, and sealing is
performed at the outside area thereof. In this example, since the
common electrode 123 and the wiring film 107 are connected at only
one side, it is difficult to narrow the frame since a sufficient
conductive area (vertical conductive area) must be secured between
the common electrode 123 and the wiring film 107 with this one
side. Nevertheless, since the wiring with the common electrode 123
will no longer be necessary at the other three sides, the frame
portion of such three sides can be narrowed significantly. This
kind of structure is effective in cases as with a display device of
a portable telephone wherein the module may be elongated in a
certain direction, but is restricted in other directions.
With the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 16, the common electrode
123 and the wiring film 107 are connected at two sides (left side
and right side) of the substrate 100, and sealing is performed
respectively to the outside areas thereof. When providing the
wiring tape 402 to either side (upper side and lower side) facing
each other, respectively, in order to install an external circuit,
for instance, this is effective when driving the odd number lines
from the top and driving the even number lines from the bottom, and
a large capacity (large screen) display is enabled by mounting
numerous driver ICs. Moreover, with this structure, the reduction
of wiring resistance comparable with the case of connecting the
common electrode 123 and the wiring film 107 at three sides as
depicted in FIG. 14 may be sought.
With the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 17, the common electrode
123 and the wiring film 107 are connected at four sides (upper
side, lower side, left side, right side) of the substrate 100, and
sealing is performed respectively to the outside areas thereof.
Then, a pullout wiring is formed via the insulation film at the
lower part of the wiring for seeking conductivity between the
common electrode 123 and the wiring film 107 with the multilayer
wiring film, and this wiring is connected with an external circuit.
Moreover, the conductive area for connecting the common electrode
123 and the wiring film 107 may be separated into a plurality of
blocks, and a pullout wiring may be disposed between the mutual
blocks. According to this kind of structure, sufficient reduction
of wiring resistance required for realizing a large-size high
resolution display can be attained.
As described above, according to the respective embodiments of the
present invention, since the display device is assembled such that
the connection area (c) of the common electrode (negative
electrode) 123 and the substrate wiring 107 is included within the
sealing margin (b+c), the frame area of the display unit can be
reduced.
Moreover, since the bank layer 113 is positioned to be further
inside the substrate than the connection area (c) of the common
electrode 123 and the substrate wiring 107, it is possible to
prevent gas from directly penetrating within the bank layer 113
from the connection portion (b+c) of the substrate 100 and the
sealing substrate (or sealing film) 200. Thereby, influence on the
light emitting element 120 will be minimal even upon employing a
resin (such as a photoresist), which can be processed easily, as
the bank layer 113.
Moreover, as a result of placing the calcium electrode 123a away
from the connection area (c) of the electrode 123a and the
substrate wiring 107, erosion of the calcium electrode 123a due to
infiltration of oxygen or water vapor gas can be prevented.
Next, electronic devices comprising the display device according to
the present invention are described below. The present invention,
however, shall in no way be limited to these exemplifications.
<Mobile Computer>
Foremost, an example employing the display device pertaining to the
foregoing embodiments in a mobile personal computer is explained.
FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing the structure of this
personal computer. In FIG. 18, the personal computer 1100 is
structured from a main body 1104 comprising a keyboard 1102, and a
display device unit comprising the foregoing display device
1106.
<Portable Phone>
Next, an example of employing the display device pertaining to the
foregoing embodiments in the display unit of a portable telephone
is explained. FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing the structure
of this portable telephone. In FIG. 19, the portable telephone 1200
comprises a plurality of operation buttons 1202, an earpiece 1206,
a mouthpiece 1024, and the foregoing display device 1208.
<Digital Still Camera>
An example of employing the display device pertaining to the
foregoing embodiments in the finder of a digital still camera is
now explained. FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing the structure
of this digital still camera, and also briefly shows the connection
with external equipment.
Whereas an ordinary camera exposes the film with the optical image
of the photographic subject, the digital still camera 1300
generates image signals by performing photo-electric conversion to
the optical image of the photographic subject with visual elements
of a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) or the like. The foregoing display
device 1304 is provided to the back face of the case 1302 of this
digital still camera 1300, and is structured to conduct display
based on the visual signals from the CCD. Thus, the display device
1304 functions as a finder for displaying the photographic subject.
Moreover, a light receiving unit including the likes of an optical
lens or CCD is provided to the observation side of the case
1302.
When the photographer confirms the image of the photographic
subject displayed on the display device 1304 and presses the
shutter button 1308, the visual signal of the CCD at such moment is
transmitted to and stored in the memory of the circuit substrate
1310. Moreover, this digital still camera 1300 also comprises a
video signal output terminal 1312 and a data transmission I/O
terminal 1314 at the side face of the case 1302. And, as
illustrated in FIG. 20, a television monitor 1330 is connected to
the video signal output terminal 1312 and a personal computer 1340
is connected to the data transmission I/O terminal 1314,
respectively, as necessary. Further, pursuant to prescribed
operations, the structure is such that the visual signal stored in
the memory of the circuit substrate 1308 is output to the
television monitor 1330 or the computer 1340.
<Electronic Book>
FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing the structure of an
electronic book as an example of the electronic device according to
the present invention. In FIG. 21, reference numeral 1400
represents the electronic book. The electronic book 1400 comprises
a book-shaped frame 1402 and a cover 1403 capable of opening and
closing this frame 1402. A display device 1404 is provided to the
frame 1402 in a state where its display face is exposed to the
surface thereof, and, an operation unit 1405 is also provided
thereto. A controller, counter, memory and so on are built in the
frame 1402. In the present embodiment, the display device 1404
comprises a pixel portion to which display elements are disposed
and an integrated peripheral circuit that is provided integrally
with such pixel portion. The peripheral circuit comprises a decoder
scan driver and data driver.
Moreover, as the electronic device, in addition to the personal
computer of FIG. 18, the portable telephone of FIG. 19, the digital
still camera of FIG. 20 and the electronic book of FIG. 21,
electronic paper, liquid crystal televisions, view-finding or
monitor-viewing video tape recorders, car navigation devices,
pagers, electronic notebooks, calculators, word processors,
workstations, television phones, OS terminals, devices comprising a
touch panel and so on also apply. And, the foregoing display device
may be employed as the display unit of the respective electronic
devices described above.
The display device according to the present invention is not
limited to the organic EL display device of the embodiments.
Moreover, the substrate is not limited to the TFT substrate of the
embodiments. In addition to an active substrate, the present
invention can also be employed in a passive substrate.
Moreover, although an adhesive was used as the joining means in the
embodiments, it is not limited thereto. Other methods, for
instance, joining with supersonic waves or lasers may also be
employed.
As described above, according to the display device of the present
invention, it is preferable in that the width of the frame, which
is the non-display area at the periphery of the display area, can
be narrowed.
* * * * *