U.S. patent number RE37,519 [Application Number 09/338,684] was granted by the patent office on 2002-01-22 for golf club with optical alignment system.
Invention is credited to Derek Edward Decker, John Ashley Densberger.
United States Patent |
RE37,519 |
Densberger , et al. |
January 22, 2002 |
Golf club with optical alignment system
Abstract
An alignment system and method of use provide significant
improvement in the accuracy of a golf stroke or putt. The alignment
system may be incorporated into or attached to the head or shaft of
a golf club such as a putter or a chipper. One component of the
alignment system is a sighting alignment system which includes a
turning mirror that is attached to the club head or shaft or may be
integral to the top or rear portion of the golf club head. While
viewing the reflection of the ball and target through the mirror,
the golfer obtains visual feed-back that is very sensitive to club
positioning and aiming. The other component is another optical
alignment system in which parallax is removed to put the golfer's
eye in the proper plane to assure alignment over the golf club
head. When both alignments are maintained in the reflected image
during the golfer's stroke, the accuracy of the stroke is
dramatically improved.
Inventors: |
Densberger; John Ashley
(Livermore, CA), Decker; Derek Edward (Discovery Bay,
CA) |
Family
ID: |
23944318 |
Appl.
No.: |
09/338,684 |
Filed: |
June 23, 1999 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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Reissue of: |
489546 |
Jun 12, 1995 |
05640777 |
Jun 24, 1997 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
33/263; 33/289;
473/240 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63B
69/3685 (20130101); A63B 53/0487 (20130101); A63B
53/0437 (20200801); A63B 69/3614 (20130101); A63B
69/3632 (20130101); A63B 53/0441 (20200801) |
Current International
Class: |
A63B
53/04 (20060101); A63B 69/36 (20060101); A63B
053/04 (); G01C 015/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;33/263,276,277,286,289,508
;473/219,220,226,231,238,240,242,251 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Fulton; Christopher W.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Buckley, Maschoff, Talwalkar &
Allison LLC
Claims
We claim:
1. A process for aligning an object in a desired direction,
comprising:
aligning a user's view to said object with the help of visual
feed-back from a parallax correction alignment system; and
aligning said object to said desired direction until said desired
direction is viewed in a turning mirror of a sighting alignment
system,
wherein said object is a golf club comprising a striking face,
wherein said parallax correction system comprises a first line and
a second line, wherein said first line and said second line are
located in a plane defined by the surface normal of said turning
mirror and the horizontal component of the surface normal of said
striking face of said golf club, wherein said first line is located
between a user's view and said second line, wherein said first line
and said second line are separated along an optical axis extending
from said user's view to said second line, wherein said parallax
correction system is aligned when said first line and said second
line overlap in said user's view in said plane, wherein said second
line is a reflection of said first line from said turning mirror,
wherein said second line does not overlap said first line when said
user's view is out of said plane, wherein said second line appears
at a distance twice the distance between said first line and said
turning mirror.
2. The process of claim 1,
wherein the step of aligning a user's view includes aligning a
user's view to a golf club; and
wherein the step of aligning said object includes aligning said
object in said desired direction until a golf ball and said desired
direction are viewed in a turning mirror of a sighting alignment
system.
3. The process of claim 2, wherein the step of aligning a user's
view in said desired direction includes aligning a user's view to
said object with the help of visual feed-back from a parallax
correction system which is aligned when said user's view is in the
plane that contains the surface normal of the turning mirror and
the horizontal component of the surface normal of the club head
striking face.
4. The process of claim 3, wherein the step of aligning a user's
view and the step of aligning said object are carried out while
said club head striking face is in close proximity to said ball,
wherein the step of aligning a user's view to said object and the
step of aligning said object to said desired direction are done
iteratively.
5. The process of claim 4, further comprising the step of swinging
said club away from said ball in a repetitive fashion to verify one
can return to said close proximity in proper alignment, thereby
developing muscle memory.
6. The process of claim 5, wherein the step of swinging said club
includes swinging and aligning said club away from said ball in a
receptive fashion at two or more positions along said swing to
verify one can return to said close proximity in proper alignment,
thereby developing a straight swing.
7. An apparatus for aligning an object in a desired direction,
comprising:
a parallax correction alignment system comprising means for
defining a plane where parallax has been eliminated; and
a sighting alignment system comprising reflecting means having a
surface normal located in said plane,
wherein said object is a golf club comprising a striking face,
wherein said reflecting means comprise a turning mirror, wherein
said parallax correction system comprises a first line and a second
line, wherein said first line and said second line are located in a
plane defined by the surface normal of said turning mirror and the
horizontal component of the surface normal of said striking face of
said golf club, wherein said first line is located between a user's
view and said second line, wherein said first line and said second
line are separated along an optical axis extending from said user's
view to said second line, wherein said parallax correction system
is aligned when said first line and said second line overlap in
said user's view in said plane, wherein said second line is a
reflection of said first line from said turning mirror, wherein
said second line does not overlap said first line when said user's
view is out of said plane, wherein said second line appears at a
distance twice the distance between said first line and said
turning mirror.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein said parallax correction
alignment system and said sighting alignment system are selected
from a group consisting of a unit that is integral with said object
and a modular unit that is fixedly attached to said object, wherein
said modular unit is detachable.
9. The apparatus of claim 7,
wherein said sighting alignment system further comprises optical
elements selected from a group consisting of lenses and holograms
to alter the image of said desired direction viewed with said
reflecting means,
wherein the image plane of the desired direction is moved to
another location selected from a group consisting of infinity
(where it is easiest for most people to focus) and closer in so the
image coincides with said plane where parallax has been eliminated,
and
wherein the image size of the target is changed in such a way as to
adjust the sensitivity of image motion with respect to alignments
(such as twisting the club head about a vertical axis through its
center of mass).
10. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein said first line and said
second line are selected from a group consisting of a dashed line,
a dotted line, a segmented line and a textured line, wherein said
first line is selected from a group consisting of the same color on
its top as on its bottom and a different color on its top than on
its bottom wherein said first line contrasts with and is
distinguishable from said second line..[.
11. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein said parallax correction
alignment system further comprises optical elements selected from
group consisting of at least one lense and at least one hologram in
order to project an image, wherein said at least one hologram
comprises about a 2 degree viewing angle, wherein said viewing
angle is located within said plane where parallax has been
eliminated..]..[.
12. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein said parallax correction
system comprises thin fins parallel to said plane to obscure said
user's view from said sighting alignment system when said user's
view is out of said plane, wherein said thin fins are above said
turning mirror and are embedded in a thin sheet of optically clear
material..]..[.
13. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein said parallax correction
system comprises a cylindrical reflector having a surface that is
selected from a group consisting of a segmented surface and a
continuous surface, said cylindrical reflector having surface
normals that are co-planar with said plane, wherein said user's
view includes a view of a user's eye when said eye is in said
plane..]..[.
14. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising means for
momentarily blocking said sighting alignment system, said means
selected from a group consisting of a mechanical shutter and an
electronically controlled liquid crystal light valve with no moving
parts..]..[.
15. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein shapes obscured by fins come
into view when said parallax correction alignment system is
aligned..]..[.
16. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein said means for defining said
plane where parallax has been eliminated comprises an upper notch
located on said reflecting means and a lower notch located in a
base portion of said golf club, wherein said plane is defined when
a view of said upper notch overlaps said lower notch..]..Iadd.
17. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising an optical device,
positioned apart from said sighting alignment system, for altering
an image viewed in said sighting alignment
system..Iaddend..Iadd.
18. A device for aligning a face of a golf club head in a desired
direction, said device comprising:
a sighting alignment system including a reflective surface, said
sighting alignment system coupled to a top portion of said golf
club head;
means for momentarily blocking said sighting alignment system,
comprising a mechanical shutter; and
a parallax correction system, positioned apart from said sighting
alignment system and defining a plane where parallax has been
eliminated; and
said reflective surface having a surface normal located in said
plane..Iaddend..Iadd.
19. The device of claim 18, wherein said sighting alignment system
and said parallax correction system are detachably coupled to said
golf club..Iaddend..Iadd.
20. The device of claim 18, further comprising an image correction
device positioned apart from said sighting alignment system, for
altering an image viewed in said sighting alignment
system..Iaddend..Iadd.
21. A device for aligning a face of a golf club head in a desired
direction, said device comprising:
a sighting alignment system including a reflective surface, said
sighting alignment system coupled to a top portion of said golf
club head;
means for momentarily blocking said sighting alignment system;
and
a parallax correction system, positioned apart from said sighting
alignment system and defining a plane where parallax has been
eliminated; and
said reflective surface having a surface normal located in said
plane; and
wherein said means for momentarily blocking said sighting alignment
system is an electronically controlled liquid crystal light valve
with no moving parts..Iaddend.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to the game of golf, and more
specifically, it relates to an alignment system for a golf club
which improves accuracy.
2. Description of Related Art
A golf course generally has 18 holes spread over a landscaped area
that customarily includes a number of hazards--water, rough, sand
traps (also known as bunkers), and trees--that are designed to make
the game more difficult. Difficulty is also increased by the
varying distances among holes. Play on each hole is begun at the
tee area, from which players "tee off" and "drive" the ball into
the fairway or onto the green. At the end of the hole--which can
vary in length from about 100 to 600 yards is the putting green,
which surrounds the actual hole, or "cup," into which the ball must
be putted in order to complete the hole. Saint Andrews in Scotland,
Augusta National in Georgia (site of the annual Masters
tournament), and Pebble Beach in California. have some of the most
famous and difficult courses.
In the putting segment of the game of golf, the objective is to
direct the golf ball across the putting green until it comes to
rest in the hole or cup. The putting green is a smooth and closely
cut grassy area surrounding the hole. An accurately hit golf ball
will travel along a path to the hole. In the case where the path
between the ball and hole contains a slope to one side or the
other, the golfer will try to determine the proper target direction
which will allow the ball (once struck) to follow a curved path to
the hole.
Although the putting green is usually conditioned to provide an
optimum surface over which to putt, the inability to properly aim
the ball is a golfer's major shortcoming. When putting, it is very
important that the face of the putter be placed exactly at a right
angle in line to the target direction at the moment when the putter
impacts the ball. Alignment of the putter adjacent to the ball in
this manner is difficult when the ball rests even a short distance
from the hole, since the golfer is usually unable to see the ball,
club head and target simultaneously. This problem also exists when
using any type of golf club.
In general, a golfer attempts to ensure that club head alignment
and motion are co-linear with the intended direction at the exact
point of impact with the ball. A number of patents have attempted
to provide improvements in a golf club that would help a golfer
ensure similar co-linearity of club head alignment and motion.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,421,765 is directed to a golf dub including a
sighting mirror for aligning the face of the golf club with a golf
ball and the flag stick used on the putting green of a golf coarse.
Accordingly, the invention comprises a putter that enables the
golfer to view the putter, golf ball, and a hole or flagstick
simultaneously. The invention includes a mirror or other reflective
surface, attached to the head of the golf club in such a manner
that, when the player places the club in position to putt the golf
ball, the mirror will reflect an image of any object in the area in
front of the face of the golf club, both horizontally and
vertically in front of the face of the golf club so that the object
can be seen by the golfer in his normal stance above the golf club.
The patent can present erroneous feedback to the golfer, due to the
lack of an effective means for a alignment between the putter head
and the golfer's eye.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,507,500 is directed to a putter which includes a
mirror attachment that enables a golfer to view the putter, a golf
ball and a hole or flag stick simultaneously. The invention
includes a mirror or other reflective surface, attached to the head
of the putter in such a manner that, when the player places the
putter in position to putt the golf ball, the mirror will reflect
an image of any object in the area in front of the face of the
putter. It is an object of this invention to provide an apparatus
for positioning the face of the head of a golf club so that its
vertical and lateral axes are disposed exactly at right angles to
the direction a golf ball must travel to enter the hole of a
putting green. In this patent also, there is no effective means for
alignment between the putter head and the golfer's eye. This can
lead to erroneous feedback to the golfer. It is apparent from the
figures that both patents discussed above add mass unbalance about
the center of the putter face which undesirably moves the "sweet
spot" associated with that putter.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,195,749 is directed to a golf club head which
includes a front face with a negative inclination; a middle section
inclined about 45.degree. and a section which acts as a mirror with
a view to lining up the stroke. A first object of the patent is to
prevent the ball from being sliced or hooked. A second object of
the patent is to obtain a suitable line in order to aim the club
with complete independence of the position and stance of the
player. This patent shows the same lack of alignment (from putter
head to the golfer's eye), as evidenced in U.S. Pat. No. 3,421,765
and U.S. Pat. No. 3,507,500, which provides erroneous feedback to
the golfer.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,601,472 is a sighting device for a putter and
includes an eye aligning mirror having a horizontal reflective
surface and a ball and target aligning mirror. The device is used
for aligning the putting face of the blade square to a target path
between a ball and target while aligning the eye of the player over
the putter club head. The stated object of the patent is to provide
a sighting device which may be attached to the blade of some types
of putters without having to modify the putter blade so that the
same putter may be used by a player in both practice and play under
the rules of golf. The player shows a limited means for alignment
of the golfer's eye to the putter head, which is required for
reliable feedback about the putter face. The mechanism used (a
mirror laying flat on top of the putter so the golfer may see his
eye in the reflection) fails in five important ways. First, this
increases the likelihood of seeing the sun reflected in this mirror
which poses an optical hazard of temporary blindness or after
images that impair vision. Second, the putter head will tilt out of
alignment to the golfer's eye during a swing except in the
extremely unlikely event where the swing is on a circular arc
centered on the golfer's eye. Third, the design is limited to a
given style or type of putter head. Fourth, the putter head
striking surface is reduced to approximately twenty-five percent of
the original putter head striking surface. Fifth, due to the small
size of the mirror and its distance to the eye, the golfer may get
confused about which eye sees which, e.g., right seeing right,
right seeing left and right seeing left while simultaneously left
seeing right.
It is desirable that a golf club include the advantage of a type of
visual feedback to the golfer which would ensure that the alignment
of the club head be co-linear with the intended direction at the
point of impact. It is also desirable to provide a golf club that
includes a means for insuring that the position of the club head
with respect to the golfer's view, remains within a prescribed
plane, both before and during the putting stroke. It would also be
beneficial if the alignment of the golf club to the intended target
included a means for on-axis viewing of the golf ball and target in
a properly balanced club. Additionally, it would be helpful if the
golf club include visual feedback to assist and verify a straight
swing of the club head in the plane that includes the intended
target direction. The present invention provides these and other
advantages and benefits.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide an alignment
system for a golf club which significantly improves putting
accuracy.
It is another object of the invention to provide a golf club with
an alignment system which significantly improves the club head
alignment for the golfer.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide an
apparatus which can be used to improve swing accuracy.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a method for
significantly improving alignment of a golf club swing.
The invention is a compound alignment system which may be attached
to the club or incorporated directly into the head of a golf club.
The compound alignment system is comprises of two independent
alignment systems which may share common pars such as a turning
mirror. The first alignment system will be called the parallax
correction alignment system because it uses a system to remove
visual parallax to properly align the golfer's eye over the club
head. The second alignment system will be termed the sighting
alignment system because the golfer sets his sights on his target
while looking into the turning mirror. When used together, these
alignment systems allow the golfer to line up a stroke, such as a
putt, much more accurately than would be possible without this
visual feedback.
In one example, a putter head has a forward striking face for
impacting the ball, and would have a rear upper portion which holds
a reflecting surface that is angled to present a view of the golf
ball and the target upon sighting alignment. The mirror usually has
a protective glass or plastic layer above the reflecting surface.
This transparent spacer with a thin line (co-planar with the
surface normal of the striking face) painted on the top surface
constitutes an embodiment of the parallax correction alignment
system. A reflection of the line is visible from the reflective
surface. For proper parallax correction alignment, the line on the
top of the transparent spacer obscures the reflected line in the
golfer's view. While maintaining parallax correction alignment, the
club head is translated until the golf ball is aligned evenly about
the overlaid lines to center the ball on the striking face and then
sight the target in the reflection viewed by the golfer. When this
alignment is maintained during the golfer's stroke, the directional
accuracy is improved dramatically.
An advantage of this invention over existing putters and other golf
clubs is the elimination or reduction of initial set-up error.
Trial and error experimentation to interpret or adjust for the
off-axis view is eliminated. The player's confidence will
ultimately be improved through the reduction in alignment
uncertainty caused by improper or questionable set-up.
Additionally, proper swing motion and the development of correct
muscle memory for consistent golf strokes is possible when the
alignment described above is done in two or more locations such as
near the ball and when the putter head is a foot or more distance
from the ball before it is struck. Muscle memory is reinforced by
observing that one can swing back and return to the ball and still
be aligned. Accuracy gain is a welcome form of feedback that gives
confidence to any golfer.
Set-up error is eliminated or reduced through the iterative
alignment procedure which is visual and easy to learn. The
procedure first utilizes the parallax correction alignment system
to ensure accurate positioning of the golfer's eye relative to the
club head. Next, the sighting alignment system provides an on-axis
view for club head, ball and target alignment. Hence, the article
is a new training aid, as well as a club that could be used during
an actual golf game.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a putter head of one embodiment of
the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the putter head of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a is a top view of the putter head of FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a front view of the putter head of FIG. 1.
FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of a chipper head of the present
invention.
FIG. 6 shows the plane defined by the parallax correction alignment
system.
FIG. 7 is a golf club with a concave mirror section.
FIG. 8 is a putter with thin fins.
FIG. 9 shows a second embodiment of thin fins where shapes come
into view with correct alignment.
FIG. 10 shows a cylindrical putter head.
FIG. 11A shows a side view of a putter with a right prism.
FIG. 11B shows a front view of the putter of FIG. 11A.
FIG. 11C shows a perspective view of the putter of FIG. 11A.
FIG. 12 is a side view of a putter with a mechanical or liquid
crystal shutter.
FIG. 13 shows an embodiment of the present invention having two
positive lenses attached to a shaft.
FIG. 14 is a golf club with an adjustable reflective surface.
FIG. 15A is a modular embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 15B shows an attachment to the modular embodiment of FIG.
15A.
FIG. 16 shows a top view of a putter head with a lower notched
portion and an upwardly angled reflective surface that has an upper
notch.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention is generally a method and apparatus for aligning an
object in a desired direction, and includes a parallax correction
alignment system having means for defining a plane where parallax
has been eliminated. Parallax is an apparent change in the
direction of an object, caused by a change in observational
position that provides a new line of sight. The invention also
includes a sighting alignment system having reflecting means which
include a surface normal located in the plane described above. The
apparatus may be integral with the object or it may be a modular
unit that is attachable to the object. These general elements are
shown in the specific embodiments of a putter and a chipper shown
in the accompanying figures. The sighting alignment system may use
optical elements such as lenses and holograms to alter the image of
the target direction viewed with the reflecting means. The image
plane of the target direction may be moved to another location such
as infinity (where it is easiest for most people to focus) or
closer in so the image coincides with the image plane used in the
parallax correction alignment system. The image size of the target
may be changed to adjust the sensitivity of image motion with
respect to alignments (such as twisting the club head about a
vertical axis through its center of mass). The reflecting means may
include a reflective lens such that it has optical power and can be
used to adjust target image size and/or image plane location
FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of putter head 10 with rear portion
11 which is upwardly angled at about 45.degree. and has a
reflective surface 12 attached to the top thereof. A transparent
spacer layer 18 is either attached to the top of reflective surface
12 or the reflective coating 12 is applied to the bottom of the
transparent spacer layer 18. One embodiment of a parallax
correction alignment system comprises a solid, dot, dashed or
patterned line 16 incorporated on or embedded into the transparent
spacer layer 18 in such a way that it is co-planar with the surface
normal of the striking face 20. Let the surface normal be defined
as a line passing through the center of the striking face 20 and
being perpendicular to a planar striking face 20, or at least
horizontally perpendicular to a curved or tilted striking face 20.
Forward axis 22 illustrates such a surface normal. Horizontal axis
24 and vertical axis 26 are also shown. Line 16 may have a top
color that is different from a bottom color to discriminate
reflected line 17 from the top line 16, to ensure that the user's
eye to the club head is in the proper plane, as the user holds
shaft 14 in the normal putting stance. While holding the putter in
the normal putting position, line 16 is aligned when viewed to be
co-planar with reflected line 17, through golf ball 13 and to the
target (not shown).
FIG. 2 shows a side view of the putter of FIG. 1. Upwardly angled
rear portion 11 of putter head 10 has reflective surface 12
attached thereto. Transparent spacer 18 is attached to the top of
reflective surface 12. Line 16 is attached to the top of or
embedded into transparent spacer layer 18. Shaft 14 upwardly
extends from a portion of the putter head 10. Reflective mirror
surface 12 and transparent spacer layer 18 angle above a hitting
surface (about 45.degree.) so as to allow the user to sight down
through line 16 and 17, and ball 13 to the intended target.
FIG. 3 is a top view of putter head 10, reflective surface 12,
spacer 18, club face 20, golf ball 13 and shaft 14. The parallax
correction alignment system comprises line 16 and reflected line 17
and a transparent space between them. This is approximately the
view as seen by a player in the normal putting stance. The
reflection of golf ball 13 is shown in the reflective surface 12. A
target, such as a flag stick in a hole on the putting green, is not
illustrated in reflective surface 12. The overlap of lines 16 and
17 show parallax correction alignment is obtained but the putter
head 10 should be translated along horizontal axis 24 to better
center the golf ball 13 on the striking face 20 as shown by lines
16 and 17 not equally dividing the image of golf ball 13 in the
reflective surface 12. FIG. 4 shows a front view of putter head 10,
reflective surface 12, spacer 18, club face 20 and shaft 14. The
parallax correction alignment system comprises line 16 and
reflected line 17 and a transparent space between them. FIG. 4
shows the reflected line 17 is slightly out of alignment with line
16.
A chipper is a type of golf club used generally off the putting
green to provide loft with a putt-like stroke to carry the ball
over higher cut grass to the green so the ball may roll with
accuracy similar to a putt. FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of a
chipper head 30 with an upwardly angled portion 32, and a
reflective surface 34 attached thereto. The transparent spacer
layer 18 and parallax alignment system comprising line 16 and
reflected line 17 are not shown. Club head 30 has a club face 42
which is formed at an angle with respect to the vertical plane.
Club face 42 can be formed at an angle within a range, as known in
the art, depending on the distance and loft required. FIG. 6 shows
a perspective view of a putter head 10 having a putter face 20,
shaft 14 and reflective surface 12. Spacer layer 18 and lines 16
and 17 are not shown in this figure. When line 16 overlaps line 17,
the parallax correction alignment system is aligned and plane 50 is
established.
The sighting alignment system may use optical elements such as
lenses and holograms to alter the image of the target direction
viewed with the reflecting means. A hologram that has a very narrow
viewing angle may be used as a parallax correction system. In FIG.
6, reflective surface 12 may be replaced with a hologram. The image
size of the target direction may be moved to another location such
as infinity (where it is easiest for most people to focus) or
closer in so the image coincides with the image plane used in the
parallax correction alignment system. The image size of the target
may be changed to adjust the sensitivity of image motion with
respect to alignments (such as twisting the club head about a
vertical axis through its center of mass). The hologram may project
shapes to an image plane. The reflecting means may include a
reflective lens, as shown in FIG. 7, such that it has optical power
and can be used to adjust target image size and/or image plane
location. FIG. 7 shows a putter head 60 having a shaft 62 and a
curved portion 64 with a reflective surface 66 attached thereto. A
transparent spacer layer 68 with a parallax correction alignment
system is attached to the top of reflective surface 66.
As indicated in FIGS. 1-4, the parallax correction alignment system
may include a first line and a second line, where the first and
second lines are located in the plane defined by the surface normal
of the turning mirror and the horizontal component of the surface
normal of the striking face of the golf club. The first line is
then located between a user's view and the second line, where the
first and second lines are separated along an optical axis
extending from the user's view to the second line. The parallax
correction alignment system is properly aligned when the first and
second lines overlap in the user's view in the defined plane. The
second line may simply be a reflection of the first line in the
turning mirror if the first line extends across the mirror
separated by a small distance. The reflected second line may be
seen when the user's view is out of the defined plane.
In FIG. 8, the parallax correction alignment system includes thin
fins 70 attached to the top of reflective surface 74 of putter 76.
Thin fins 70 are configured to be parallel to the defined plane, as
shown in FIG. 6, to obscure the user's view from the sighting
alignment system when the user's view is out of the defined plane.
The thin fins 70 are optimally spaced at no greater than 2 mm
apart, are located above the reflective surface 74 and are embedded
in a thin sheet of optically clear material (not shown). FIG. 9
shows another embodiment where shapes 80 obscured by fins 82 come
into view when the parallax correction alignment system is aligned.
FIG. 10 depicts an embodiment of the parallax correction alignment
system which includes a cylindrical reflector 90 (continuous or
segmented) having surface normals 92 that are co-planar with the
plane 50 defined by the parallax correction alignment system, where
the user's view includes a view of the user's eye in the defined
plane.
FIG. 11A shows an embodiment of the invention where the reflecting
means may include internal reflection off the largest rectangular
face 100 of a right prism (45.degree.--45.degree.-90.degree.),
where the first and second lines are on the perpendicular
rectangular faces of the right prism. FIG. 11B shows the overlap of
first line 105 and second line 106. FIG. 11C shows a perspective
view of the putter of FIG. 11A. The first and second lines are then
located in a plane defined by the surface normals of the right
prism and the horizontal component of the surface normal of the
striking face of the golf club.
Another embodiment of the invention, shown in FIG. 12, includes
means for momentarily blocking the sighting alignment system.
Putter or chipper striking head 110 has a parallax correction
alignment system 112 attached thereto. A mechanical shutter 114 or
an electronically controlled liquid crystal light valve with no
moving parts 114 may be used for this purpose. The liquid crystals
may be designed to change from transparent to translucent
(scattering light to obscure the view) or transparent to opaque
(absorbing light with the help of polarizers to attenuate the
view).
FIG. 13 shows an embodiment of the present invention having lenses
120 and 122 attached to shaft 124. These lenses may be
telescopically adjusted to alter the view of the intended target or
direction. In FIG. 14, mirror 130 may tilted to compensate for the
differences in putting stance taken by individual players.
A modular embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 15A,
FIG. 15B shows an attachment to the modular embodiment of FIG. 15A.
Front portion 150 of fixed piece 152 is fixedly attached in an
existing cavity on the rear side of a putter or chipper head (not
shown). Upper portion 154 comprises a reflective surface 156 and a
spacer layer 158 with line 16 and reflected line 17. The two pieces
are attached by sliding a male portion 160 of upper portion 154
into a female portion 162 located parallel to the plane where
parallax has been eliminated by the parallax correction alignment
system.
FIG. 16 shows a top view of a putter head 190 with a lower notched
portion 192 and an upwardly angled reflective surface 194 that has
an upper notch 196. In operation, lower notch 192 is aligned within
upper notch 196 while viewing the golf ball and the intended
target.
Referring to FIGS. 1-4, operation of the device of the present
invention requires two different alignment procedures to ensure a
true on-axis view of the target. The first alignment procedure is
to align the golfer's eye to the proper plane to view an image in
the reflective surface 12 by means of the parallax correction
alignment system, which in one embodiment contains line 16,
reflected line 17, and a transparent space between them. The
parallax correction alignment system provides real-time visual
feed-back in which the golfer rotates the putter head 10 about the
forward axis 22 to eliminate or minimize parallax (i.e., when line
16 overlaps reflected line 17). Alternatively, the golfer may
translate his/her eye along horizontal axis 24 until overlap of
lines 16 and 17 indicates his/her eye is in the proper viewing
plane. The alignment line 16 may incorporate a line or pattern
which runs down the center from top to bottom of the transparent
spacer layer 18, just above reflective surface 12, and could use
different colors for the top and bottom surface of the line or
pattern 16. The user views the top surface of the line or pattern
16 and the bottom surface of the line or pattern 17 as it is
reflected in the reflective surface 12. When the user's eye is in
the proper plane, the line 16 and the reflected line 17 will
overlap one another and only the top color will be visible. If the
user is not in the proper plane then all or a portion of the
reflected line adjacent to either side of the top line be observed,
indicating an off-axis or parallax view which exposes a different
color on the bottom side.
The second alignment procedure is then to align the club face to
the ball and target. This alignment is accomplished by twisting
about vertical axis 26 and if necessary, tipping about horizontal
axis 24 to observe through reflective surface 12 the golf ball 13
in line with the target. Once this second alignment is
accomplished, the user has a view similar to the view of a
billiards player viewing the cue stick in alignment with the cue
ball and target ball or target direction.
The next step is for the user to iterate alignment procedures one
and two to ensure only one line is visible in the reflective
surface 12 and also that the club hitting surface, the ball and
intended target are in correct sighting alignment. This step is
accomplished by the user changing their focus from the parallax
alignment system on putter head 10 (in this case line 16), to the
images in reflective surface 12, until the user has verified mutual
alignment of both alignment steps.
A third independent alignment mentioned above speaks to motion of
putter head 10 along horizontal axis 24 to center golf ball 13 on
the striking face 20. In a properly balance putter head, the
rotational inertia about vertical axis 26 is large enough that no
significant amount of rotation of striking face 20 occurs during
impact to deflect golf ball 13 in an undesirable way if golf ball
13 is not struck in the middle of the striking surface 20. In other
words, this alignment step is very forgiving and not a critical
part of lining up a putt. It does, however, have a small effect on
the forward energy imparted to the ball. The "sweet spot" on
striking face 20 is the impact point which delivers the least
angular torque to the golf club. In a proper swing, this spot will
be near the center of mass of putter head 10.
Accordingly, it can be seen that proper use of the alignment
procedures in conjunction with the alignment system significantly
improves the user's ability to accurately align the club face with
the intended target. The user will experience an improvement in
golf ability and performance because the alignment system provides
the user with an on-axis view of club, ball and target which
eliminates alignment uncertainties and improves confidence.
The scope of the invention should be determined by the appended
claims and their legal equivalents, rather than by the examples
given.
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