U.S. patent number RE30,613 [Application Number 06/027,663] was granted by the patent office on 1981-05-19 for shearing tool for synthetic resin tubes.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Matsuzaka Iron Works, Inc.. Invention is credited to Hidehiko Itou, Masahiko Nakamura.
United States Patent |
RE30,613 |
Nakamura , et al. |
May 19, 1981 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
Shearing tool for synthetic resin tubes
Abstract
A shearing tool for synthetic resin tubes, in which a lower jaw
is connected to the leading end of an upper handle portion, a lower
handle portion is pivoted to said lower jaw at its leading end, an
opening is provided in forward portion of said upper handle portion
extending therefrom to the leading end of said lower jaw, an
arcuate tube receiving recess is provided in the upper surface of
said lower jaw, said shearing blade is pivoted in an intermediate
position of the length to said upper handle portion within said
opening, said shearing blade is provided at the rear and lower end
with an engaging pawl, a rocking bar having notches in the upper
surface is pivoted at one end to the leading end of a lower handle
portion, a slot is provided in the rear portion of said shearing
blade, a connection link has at one end a pin freely received
within said slot and is pivoted at the other end to an intermediate
position of the length of said rocking bar, a spring is provided
for urging said rocking bar against said engaging pawl and a spring
is provided for normally urging said upper and lower handle
portions away from each other.
Inventors: |
Nakamura; Masahiko (Matsuzaka,
JP), Itou; Hidehiko (Hisai, JP) |
Assignee: |
Matsuzaka Iron Works, Inc.
(Tsu, JP)
|
Family
ID: |
26490865 |
Appl.
No.: |
06/027,663 |
Filed: |
April 6, 1979 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
Reissue of: |
793320 |
May 3, 1977 |
04084317 |
Apr 18, 1978 |
|
|
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Dec 11, 1976 [JP] |
|
|
51-166532[U] |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
30/94; 30/190;
30/251; 30/258; 81/313; 81/314 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B26B
13/16 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B26B
13/16 (20060101); B26B 13/00 (20060101); B23D
021/06 () |
Field of
Search: |
;30/94,251,190,258
;81/313,314,318,321,322,323,324,325,329 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Simpson; Othell M.
Assistant Examiner: Zatarga; J. T.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Sellers and Brace
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A shearing tool for synthetic resin tubes comprising: an upper
handle portion;
a lower jaw connected to the leading end of said upper handle
portion and provided with an arcuate tube receiving recess in the
upper surface of said jaw;
said upper handle portion being further provided with a blade
receiving opening extending from the forward portion of said upper
handle portion to the leading end of said lower jaw;
a lower handle portion pivoted at the leading end of said lower
handle portion to said lower jaw;
a shearing blade pivoted in an intermediate position of the length
of said blade to said upper handle portion within said opening and
having an engaging pawl formed at and extending downwardly from the
rear end of said blade;
said shearing blade further including a slot formed in the rear
portion thereof;
a rocking bar pivoted at one end to the forward portion of said
lower handle portion and provided with notches in the upper surface
of the rocking bar;
a connection link pivoted at one end to an intermediate position of
the length of said rocking bar and having at the other end a pin
freely received within said slot in the blade;
a spring normally urging said rocking bar against said engaging
pawl; and
a return spring for returning said lower handle portion to the
initial position when a gripping force is released from said upper
and lower handle portions.
2. The shearing tool as set forth in claim 1, in which said lower
jaw is connected to said leading end of the upper handle portion by
means of a neck portion.
3. The shearing tool as set forth in claim 1, in which a washer is
provided about said pivot connection of said shearing blade to said
upper handle portion within said opening in abutment against the
side of the blade to hold the blade in position.
4. The shearing tool as set forth in claim 1, in which said lower
handle portion is provided with a pin which is adapted to engage
said rocking bar.
5. The shearing tool as set forth in claim 1, said notches are in
series, and the series of notches are inclined with respect to the
longitudinal axis of the cutting edge of said shearing blade in the
counterclockwise direction.
6. The shearing tool as set forth in claim 5, in which said series
of notches have engaging faces disposed substantially normal to the
longitudinal axis of said rocking bar. .Iadd. 7. A shearing tool
for cutting elongated stock and the like comprising:
first and second handles;
said first handle having a J-shaped jaw fixed to and projecting
from the forward portion of the first handle, and said second
handle being pivotally connected to and projecting rearwardly from
the bottom of the stem portion of the J;
an elongated cutting blade pivotally supported at the mid-length
thereof near the top of the jaw stem portion;
a rock lever pivoted at one end to said second handle at a point
spaced from the lower end of the jaw stem and provided with a
plurality of ratchet teeth along the edge thereof facing toward the
rear end of said cutting blade;
link means having one end pivoted to the mid-length of said rock
lever and having a lost motion connection between the other end
thereof and the rear portion of said cutting blade;
the rear end of said cutting blade having a pawl positioned to
engage successive ones of said ratchet teeth during successive
movements of said first and second handles toward and away from one
another; and
means biasing said rock lever toward engagement with said pawl on
said
cutting blade. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 8. A shearing tool as set forth in
claim 7 in which the ends of said link means respectively straddle
said rock lever and said cutting blade and cooperate therewith in
holding said pawl and said ratchet teeth in planar alignment with
one another. .Iaddend.
.Iadd.9. A shearing tool as set forth in claim 7 including a stop
positioned to limit pivotal movement of said rock lever toward said
pawl and cooperating with said lost motion connection to permit
said ratchet teeth to under-ride said pawl as said first and second
handles are pivoted apart to restore said blade to the open
position thereof. .Iaddend. .Iadd.10. A shearing tool as set forth
in claim 9 in which said lost motion connection includes an
elongated slot in the rear end portion of said blade loosely
seating therein a pivot connection to the adjacent end of said link
means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.11. A shearing tool as set forth in claim 7
including means frictionally restraining said blade against
pivotal movement about said pivot support therefor. .Iaddend.
.Iadd.12. A shearing tool as set forth in claim 7 in which said
blade is pivotally supported lengthwise of an elongated slot
extending along the stem of said J-shaped jaw and the forward end
of said first handle. .Iaddend.
.Iadd. A shearing tool as set forth in claim 12 in which said pivot
support for said blade comprises bolt and washer means on said
bolt, said bolt extending through said blade and the portions of
said stem to either side thereof which bolt is tightened to
compress said stem into frictional contact with a juxtaposed face
of said blade thereby to prevent unintended pivotal movement of
said blade the blade being compressed between the end of said
washer means and the face of said slot on the opposite side of
the
blade from the washer means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.14. A shearing tool as
set forth in claim 7 in which said J-shaped jaw is slotted to
receive the adjacent edge of said cutting blade when the blade is
pivoted to the closed position thereof. .Iaddend. .Iadd.15. A
cutting tool as set forth in claim 7 in which said biasing means
includes spring means tending to urge said first and second handles
apart and the teeth of said rock lever toward engagement with said
pawl on said blade. .Iaddend. .Iadd.16. A cutting tool as set forth
in claim 15 in which said spring biasing means includes spring
means constantly urging said first and second handles apart.
.Iaddend. .Iadd.17. A cutting tool as set forth in claim 7 in which
said biasing means comprises spring means constantly urging the
outer end of said rock lever to pivot away from said second handle
and toward the pawl of said blade. .Iaddend. .Iadd.18. A cutting
tool as set forth in claim 7 including stop means interposed
between said second handle and said rock lever positioned to limit
the pivotal movement of said rock lever toward said pawl thereby to
hold said ratchet teeth out of contact with said pawl during
movement of said first and second handles toward the
spaced apart open positions thereof. .Iaddend. .Iadd.19. A shearing
tool as defined in claim 7 characterized in that said pivot support
for said blade includes frictional resistance auqmentation means
for varying the resistance of said blade to pivot about the axis of
said pivot support.
.Iaddend. .Iadd.20. A shearing tool for cutting elongated stock and
the like comprising:
first and second handles;
said first handle having a J-shaped jaw fixed to and projecting
from the forward portion thereof and the second handle being
pivotally connected to and projecting rearwardly from the bottom of
the stem portion of the J;
an elongated cutting blade pivotally supported at the mid-length
thereof near the top of said jaw stem portion;
a rock lever pivoted at one end to said second handle at a point
spaced from the lower end of said jaw stem portion and extending
crosswise of the adjacent end of said blade and having the free end
thereof spring-biased toward engagement with said blade end;
and
the free end of said rock lever and the adjacent and of said
cutting blade being inter-engageable by a pawl and a series of
ratchet teeth, said pawl and said teeth being relatively movable
and sequentially interengageable at substantially the same distance
from said blade pivot and cooperable with one another to provide
the same mechanical advantage as said first and second handles are
operated through successive opening and closing
cycles. .Iaddend. .Iadd.21. A shearing tool as defined in claim 19
characterized in the provision of means operatively interconnecting
said cutting blade and said rock lever for pivoting said blade away
from said J-shaped jaw as said first and second handles are pivoted
away from one another. .Iaddend. .Iadd.22. A shearing tool as
defined in claim 21 characterized in the provision of stop means
fixed to said second handle and positioned to limit the movement of
said rock lever away from the
adjacent end of said blade. .Iaddend. .Iadd.23. A shearing tool as
defined in claim 21 characterized in that said J-shaped jaw and the
adjacent end of said first handle are slotted longitudinally
thereof and a substantial portion of said cutting blade being
located in said slot and pivotally supported on a pivot pin
extending crosswise of said slot adjacent the junction of said
first handle and said J-shaped jaw. .Iaddend. .Iadd.24. A shearing
tool as defined in claim 21 characterized in that said second
handle in a one-piece molded unit, and in that said first handle
and said J-shaped jaw is a one-piece molded unit. .Iaddend.
.Iadd.25. A shearing tool as defined in claim 23 characterized in
that said pivot pin includes frictional resistance augmentation
means for varying the force required to be applied to said blade to
pivot the same about said pivot pin. .Iaddend. .Iadd.26. A shearing
tool as defined in claim 21 characterized in that said pivot
support for said blade includes washer means encircling a bolt
passing through said blade and into a threaded bore in said first
handle, said bolt being wrenchable to vary the frictional
resistance between the faces of said blade and the juxtaposed
surfaces of said first handle and said washer means.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a shearing tool for synthetic resin tubes
such as hard vinyl chloride tubes and hard vinyl conduit tubes.
Synthetic resin tubes were hithertofore sheared by a saw, but such
shearing operation by the saw required rather long time and much
labor and the cut faces produced in the sheared tubes were
unsatisfactory to the degree that the cut faces required trimming
or elaborate finish and thus, the shearing of synthetic tubes by
saws were inefficient. Furthermore, although various shearing tools
in the form of scissors for synthetic resin tubes have been
proposed and practically employed, such prior art shearing tools
have the following inherent disadvantages:
1. During the shearing operation, the tube can not be supported in
a stablized state and therefore, the shearing operation is
difficult and can not produce a satisfactory or exact cut face and
as a result, it requires an additional step for trimming or
finishing the cut face.
2. Since a great deal of manual effort or gripping force is
required, a powerful and sufficient shearing force can not be
obtained.
3. Since a tube is not suitably supported, the tube tends to easily
crack and/or break.
4. A positive and precise shearing action can not be obtained
easily and requires a skilled hand for the purpose.
5. The tube can not be sheared with a constant manual effort or
gripping force from the beginning to the completion of the shearing
operation and as a result, a smooth shearing operation can not be
easily performed.
6. Production cost is high and the shearing operation is
expensive.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Therefore, one object of the present invention is to provide an
improved shearing tool for synthetic resin tubes whereby a
synthetic tube is held in a stabilized state during the shearing of
the tube, the shearing operation is performed in a simple manner
and a precise cut face can be produced in the tube.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a shearing
tool for synthetic resin tubes whereby a powerful and sufficient
shearing force can be obtained with a minimum manual effort or
gripping force.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a shearing
tool for synthetic resin tubes whereby the possibility of tube
cracking and/or breakage can be obviated.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a shearing
tool for synthetic resin tubes whereby a positive shearing force
can be easily obtained with a substantial constant manual effort or
gripping force and as a result, the tube can be easily sheared
without requiring any skilled hand.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a shearing
tool for synthetic resin tubes which can be easily produced at less
expense.
The above and other objects and attendant advantages of the present
invention will be more readily apparent to those skilled in the art
from a reading of the following detailed description in conjunction
with the accompanying drawings which show one preferred embodiment
of the invention for illustration purpose only, but not for
limiting the scope of the same in any way.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a preferred embodiment of
shearing tool for synthetic resin tubes constructed in accordance
with the present invention showing the tool in an open
position;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the shearing tool shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the shearing tool shown in FIG. 1, with a
portion thereof broken away to show the connection between the
shearing blade and the upper handle;
FIG. 4a is a sectional view taken along the line IV--IV of FIG. 2
showing the tool in full open position by the full lines and in
closed position of first cycle by the one-dot chain lines,
respectively;
FIG. 4b is a similar view to FIG. 4a but showing the tool in open
position of last cycle by the full lines and in full closed
position by the one-dot chain lines, respectively.
PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
The present invention will be now described referring to the
accompanying drawings and more particularly, to FIG. 1 thereof. The
shearing tool of the invention generally comprises a handle which
includes an upper handle portion 1 and a lower handle portion 4.
The upper handle portion 1 has an integral lower jaw 3 formed at or
connected to the leading end of the handle portion and the lower
jaw has an arcuate tube receiving recess 2 in the upper surface
thereof. .Iadd.Jaw 3 is aptly described as J-shaped with the outer
end of its stem portion integral with the forward end of handle 1.
.Iaddend.The upper handle portion 1 further has an opening 3'
extending from the forward portion of the handle portion to the
leading end of the lower jaw 3 for the purpose to be described
hereinafter. The leading end of the lower handle portion 4 is
pivoted to the lower and rear end of the lower jaw 3 by means of a
pivot pin 5. A shearing blade 8 is received in the opening 3' and
pivoted to the upper handle portion 1 in an intermediate position
of the length by means of a bolt 9 and has an engaging pawl 7
formed at and extending downwardly from the rear end of the blade.
A rocking bar 13 is pivoted at one end to the forward portion of
the lower handle portion 4 by means of a pivot pin 11 and has a
series of notches 12 in the upper surface for the purpose to be
described hereinafter. A link bar 16 is pivoted at one end to an
intermediate portion of the length of the rocking bar 13 by means
of a pivot pin 13' and has at the other end a pin 15 which is in
turn freely received within a slot 14 formed in the rear portion of
the shearing blade 8. A spring 17 is disposed about the pivot pin
11 with one or the upper end abutting against the rocking bar 13
and the other or lower end against an anchoring pin 22 provided on
the lower handle portion 4 adjacent to the pivot pin 11 so that the
spring urges the rocking bar 12 against the engaging pawl 7 of the
blade 8. A return spring 6 is disposed about the pivot pin 5 with
the opposite ends of the spring abutting against the lower jaw 3
and lower handle portion 4 so that the spring 6 serves to return
the lower handle portion 4 to the initial position when the upper
and lower handle portions 1, 4 are released from a gripping force
therefrom after one cycle of tube shearing operation. A frictional
resistance augmentation washer 10 is disposed on the bolt pin 9 in
abutment against one side of the shearing blade 8 within the
opening 3'. Reference numberal 18 denotes a connection neck which
integrally connects the leading end of the upper handle portion 1
to the lower jaw 3, reference numeral 19 denotes a nut threaded on
the bolt 9 and reference numeral 20 denotes a substantially
U-shaped stopper which includes a pair of legs pivoted to the rear
end portion of the lower handle portion 4 and a cross member 20'
connecting the legs together and which is adapted to engage on the
upper handle portion 1 at the rear end thereof with the cross arm
20' positioned on the upper surface of the upper handle portion 1
when the shearing tool is in its non-operative position, whereby
the upper and lower handle portion 1, 4 are prevented from
inadvertently moving away from each other. Reference numeral 21
denotes a rotation limit stopper formed at and extending downwardly
from the lower end of the rocking bar 13 for engaging the anchoring
pin 22 provided on the lower handle portion 4 so as to limit the
rocking movement of the rocking bar in the return direction.
Reference numerals 23, 24 denote bulges formed on the lower surface
of the upper handle portion 1 and the upper surface of the lower
handle portion 4, respectively in opposing relation and serve as
stoppers adapted to limit a minimum distance between the upper and
lower handle portions 1, 4 when they are gripped for performing one
cycle of tube shearing operation. In the illustrated embodiment,
the face 12' of each of the series of notches 12 where the notch
engages the engaging pawl 7 of the shearing blade 8 is disposed
substantially normal in relation to the longitudinal axis of the
rocking bar 13 and the opposite sliding face 12" of the notch 12 is
disposed at an inclined angle with respect to the engaging face
12'. The notches 12 are disposed in an inclination with respect to
the cutting edge of the shearing blade 8 in the counterclockwise
direction. .Iadd.As appears from FIGS. 4a and 4b, successive ones
of the teeth 12 engage pawl 7 during a cutting cycle as it pivots
about the axis of bolt 9 during a cutting operation. It will
therefore be recognized that handle 4 acts through a lever arm of
constant length, namely, the distance between pawl 7 and the axis
of bolt 9 thereby providing a constant mechanical advantage
throughout the full closing cycle of blade 8. .Iaddend.With the
construction and arrangement of the notches 12 as mentioned just
above, as the engaging pawl 7 of the shearing blade 8 moves
upwardly in the counterclockwise direction during tube shearing
operation, the engaging pawl 7 successively engages the
successively outwardly positioned notches beginning with the
innermost notch and ending at the outermost notch so that a
synthetic resin tube can be easily sheared even when the upper and
lower handle portions 1, 4 pivot by a small amount during one cycle
of tube shearing operation.
In operation, first of all, the stopper is disengaged from the
upper handle portion 1. When the operator grips the upper handle
portion 1 in one hand and the lower handle portion 4 in the other
hand and opens or causes the handle portions to pivot away from
each other as shown in FIG. 1, the lower handle portion 4 pivoted
to the lower jaw 3 at the leading end of the upper handle portion 1
at 5 can easily pivot about the pivot pin 5 in the clockwise
direction with the aid of the resiliency of the return spring 6. At
this time, the rocking bar 13 is prevented from pivotal movement by
the engagement of the stopper 21 with the pin 22 and pulls the
connection link 16 downwardly. Whereby the shearing blade 8 which
is received within the opening 3' in the upper handle portion 1 and
frictionally held in position by the washer 10 is pulled
substantially downwardly by the pin 15 which is now in the lowest
position in the slot 14 in the rear portion of the blade and
therefore, the blade 8 pivots about the bolt 9 in the clockwise
direction against the frictional force to a predetermined farmost
position from the lower jaw 3. With the shearing blade 8 held in
this position, a synthetic resin tube such as a hard vinyl chloride
or hard vinyl conduit tube is received in the arcuate tube
receiving recess 2 in the lower jaw 3. And then the operator
gradually applies a tightening force to the upper and lower handle
portions 1, 4 whereby the lower handle portion 4 pivots upwardly
about the pivot pin 5 in the counteclockwise direction against the
resiliency of the return spring 6 and the rocking bar 13 pivoted to
the lower handle portion 4 at 11 moves pin 15 upwardly along the
slot 14 in the blade 8 while causing the connection link 16 to
pivot with respect to the rocking bar. At this time, since the
engaging pawl 7 of the shearing blade 8 is engaged to the innermost
notch 12 of the rocking bar 13, the rear portion of the blade 8 is
pushed upwardly by the rocking bar 13. As pushed upwardly in the
manner mentioned just above, the blade 8 pivots about the pivot pin
9 in the counterclockwise direction and as a result, the cutting
edge in the front part of the blade 8 gradually cuts in the
synthetic resin tube. At this time, since the innermost notch 12 is
subjected to the reaction force from the engaging pawl 7 of the
shearing blade 8, the rocking bar 13 pivots in the clockwise
direction against the resiliency of the return spring 17. And
thereby the initial stage of the tube shearing operation is
completed. At the completion of the initial shearing operation on
the synthetic resin tube, the operator partially release his
tightening force from the upper and lower handle portions 1, 4
whereupon the lower handle portion 4 is caused to pivot downwardly
in the clockwise direction and thus, the rocking bar 13 pivoted to
the lower handle portion 4 at 11 also moves downwardly and at the
same time, tends to pivot in the counterclockwise direction towards
the engaging pawl 7 under the resiliency of the return spring 17.
At this time, the shearing blade 8 and accordingly, the cutting
edge of the blade tends to pivot about the pivot pin 9 upwardly in
the clockwise direction by the resiliency of the synthetic resin
tube. However, since the blade 8 is frictionally held in position
within the opening 3' by the friction washer 10, the blade 8 is
prevented from moving upwardly and held in position. As the lower
handle portion 4 moves downwardly or pivots in the clockwise
direction under the action of the return spring 6, the distance
from the pivot pin 11 to the engaging pawl 7 of the shearing blade
8 becomes greater than the distance from the pivot pin 11 to the
innermost notch 12 of the rocking bar 13 in which the engaging pawl
7 of the blade 8 now engages whereupon the engaging pawl clears the
notch 12. As a result, the rocking bar 13 pivots in the
counterclockwise direction by the action of spring 17 as mentioned
hereinabove whereby the engaging pawl 7 of the shearing blade is
now automatically engaged to the notch adjacent to or positioned
immediately outwardly of the innermost notch. The returning of the
lower handle portion 4 by the action of the spring 6 is limited at
the position where the handle portion 4 is restrained from further
movement by the connection link 16. By repeating the
above-mentioned sequence of operation, the engaging pawl 7 of the
shearing blade 8 successively engages the successively outwardly
positioned notches and the cutting edge of the shearing blade 8
cuts in the synthetic resin tube deeper and deeper to the position
indicated by the one dot-chain line as shown in FIG. 4b where the
cutting edge is bodily received within the arcuate tube receiving
recess 2 in the lower jaw 3. Throughout the whole shearing
operation as mentioned hereinabove, since the distance from the
pivot bolt 9 about which the shearing blade 8 pivots to the
engaging pawl 7 which engages the notches 12 in the rocking bar 13
is maintained constant, the synthetic resin tube can be sheared
with a substantially constant shearing force.
Therefore, according to the present invention, since the upper
surface of the lower jaw 3 at the leading end of the upper handle
portion 1 is provided with the arcuate tube receiving recess 2
which has a shape conforming to the contour of the synthetic resin
tube to be sheared by the shearing tool and the tube is received
within the recess during the shearing operation, the synthetic tube
can be held in position in a stablized state and the shearing
operation can be easily performed. Furthermore, since the shearing
blade descends down perpendicularly through the opening 3' in the
lower jaw 3 from the top to the bottom of the tube, the cut face of
the sheared synthetic resin tube is exactly normal to the
longitudinal axis of the tube, very fine and precise, so that any
trimming or finishing step after the shearing operation is not
required. And since the engaging pawl is provided in the rear
portion of the shearing blade and adapted to selectively engage the
notches formed in the rocking bar, as the upper and lower handle
portions repeatedly open and close or pivot away from and toward
each other, the engaging pawl advances from the innermost notch to
the outermost notch step by step, a sufficient shearing can be
obtained with a light manual effort or gripping force by only one
hand. In addition, since the distance from the engaging pawl on the
shearing blade for engaging the notches in the rocking bar to the
pivot which pivotally connects the shearing blade to the upper
handle portion is constant, the synthetic resin tube can be
smoothly and rapidly sheared with a substantially uniform shearing
force throughout the whole shearing operation without requiring any
skilled hand. Still furthermore, since the engaging pawl and
notches may be provided on the rear portion of the shearing blade
and the upper edge portion of the rocking bar, respectively, the
shearing tool can be easily produced at less expense. Thus, the
shearing tool of the invention has great practical value.
While only one embodiment of the invention has been shown and
described in detail it will be understood that the same is for
illustration purpose only and not to be taken as a definition of
the invention, reference being had for this purpose to the appended
claims.
* * * * *