U.S. patent number PP32,832 [Application Number 16/501,452] was granted by the patent office on 2021-02-23 for ipomoea batatas plant named `fukumurasaki`.
This patent grant is currently assigned to National Agriculture and Food Research Organization. The grantee listed for this patent is National Agriculture and Food Research Organization. Invention is credited to Toshiro Fujita, Yumi Kai, Kenji Katayama, Akira Kobayahsi, Tetsufumi Sakai, Takeo Sakaigaichi, Keisuke Suematsu, Yasuhiro Takahata, Masaru Yoshinaga.
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United States Patent |
PP32,832 |
Kai , et al. |
February 23, 2021 |
Ipomoea batatas plant named `Fukumurasaki`
Abstract
`Fukumurasaki` is a new variety of sweet potato plant bred by
crossbreeding variety `Kyukei255` and `Purple Sweet Lord`. The
plant may be used, e.g., for cultivation of root tubers for
consumption. The steamed flesh of `Fukumurasaki` has a purple
color, high sugar content, medium to viscous flesh quality, and
excellent taste.
Inventors: |
Kai; Yumi (Ibaraki,
JP), Kobayahsi; Akira (Ibaraki, JP),
Sakaigaichi; Takeo (Ibaraki, JP), Suematsu;
Keisuke (Ibaraki, JP), Takahata; Yasuhiro
(Ibaraki, JP), Yoshinaga; Masaru (Ibaraki,
JP), Katayama; Kenji (Ibaraki, JP), Sakai;
Tetsufumi (Ibaraki, JP), Fujita; Toshiro
(Ibaraki, JP) |
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
National Agriculture and Food Research Organization |
Ibaraki |
N/A |
JP |
|
|
Assignee: |
National Agriculture and Food
Research Organization (Ibaraki, JP)
|
Family
ID: |
68159875 |
Appl.
No.: |
16/501,452 |
Filed: |
April 16, 2019 |
Prior Publication Data
|
|
|
|
Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
|
US 20190320569 P1 |
Oct 17, 2019 |
|
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Apr 16, 2018 [JP] |
|
|
PBR 33033 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
PLT/258 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A01H
5/12 (20130101); A01H 5/06 (20130101); A01H
6/00 (20180501) |
Current International
Class: |
A01H
5/06 (20180101); A01H 5/12 (20180101); A01H
6/00 (20180101) |
Field of
Search: |
;PLT/258 |
Primary Examiner: Robinson; Keith O.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky
and Popeo, P.C.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A new and distinct Ipomoea batatas plant named `Fukumurasaki` as
illustrated and described.
Description
Plant name and variety denomination:
Latin name of the genus and species of the plant claimed: Ipomoea
batatas. The claimed plant is a hybridization of different
varieties of Ipomoea batatas.
Common names of the claimed plant's species: sweet potato.
Variety denomination: `Fukumurasaki`.
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
The present application claims priority to Japanese Patent
Application No. 33033 filed Apr. 16, 2018, the entire contents of
which is incorporated herein for all purposes by this
reference.
BACKGROUND
Ipomoea batatas, commonly called sweet potato or sweet potato vine,
is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the bindweed or morning
glory family, Convolvulaceae. It is an herbaceous perennial that is
cultivated for its edible root tubers. Ipomoea batatas is native to
tropical regions of the Americas.
BRIEF SUMMARY
`Fukumurasaki` is a new variety of Ipomoea batatas bred by
crossbreeding variety `Kyukei255` as the female parent and `Purple
Sweet Lord` as the male parent. The plant may be used, e.g., for
cultivation of root tubers for consumption. Neither `Kyukei255` nor
`Purple Sweet Lord` are patented.
`Fukumurasaki` is a purple-colored lineage containing anthocyanins
in its storage root. Although the yield of the good quality
potatoes is inferior to that of `Kokei No. 14` and `Purple Sweet
Lord`, the steamed flesh of `Fukumurasaki` has high sugar content,
medium to viscous flesh quality, and excellent taste.
The flesh quality of the `Purple Sweet Lord` is powdery and the
sweetness is insufficient compared to the yellow flesh sweet
potato. `Fukumurasaki` has a lower yield of good quality potatoes
than `Kokei No. 14` and `Purple Sweet Lord,` but has a medium to
viscous flesh quality, and taste of the steamed flesh is medium to
excellent. Because of the moderate resistance of `Fukumurasaki` to
sweet potato nematodes Meloidogyne incognita, cultivation in
nematodes-rich areas should be avoided or controlled with pesticide
or other measures.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1A is a photograph of `Fukumurasaki` (left) leaves 3 months
after planting compared to `Kokei No. 14` (right).
FIG. 1B is a photograph of `Fukumurasaki` (left) leaves 3 months
after planting compared to `Purple Sweet Lord` (right).
FIG. 2A is a photograph of `Fukumurasaki` (left) root tuber and
cross-section 5 months after planting compared to `Kokei No. 14`
(right).
FIG. 2B is a photograph of `Fukumurasaki` (left) root tuber and
cross-section 5 months after planting compared to `Purple Sweet
Lord` (right).
FIG. 3 is a photograph of the cultivation zone of `Fukumurasaki` 3
months after planting.
FIG. 4 is a photograph of the whole plant body of Fukumurasaki`
(left) 3 months after planting compared to `Purple Sweet Lord`
(right).
DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PLANT
Variety: `Fukumurasaki`
Species of the plant claimed: Ipomoea batatas. The claimed plant is
a hybridization of different varieties. The parental varieties are
hybridization of different varieties.
Common names of the claimed plant's species include: sweet
potato.
Characteristics of `Fukumurasaki` provided herein were observed
when the plant was cultivated in Okinawa and Satsuma, Japan.
Descriptive terms used in Table 1 are consistent with the Japanese
Examination Standard for Ipomoea batatas, available at website
hinshu2.maff.gojp/info/sinsakijun/kijun/1347.pdf, the entire
contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Properties and characteristics of `Fukumurasaki`, compared to the
most similar varieties, are described in Table 1. For designated
colors, the recognized color dictionary or color chart used is the
Fifth Edition (2007) of "The Royal Horticulture Society Color Chart
(R.H.S.)."
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Properties and characteristics of
`Fukumurasaki` Class Values of Class values Remarks most Char- of
candidate (Meas- similar varieties acter- variety urement `Purple
istic Charac- `Fuku- Value `Kokei Sweet No. teristics murasaki`
etc.) No. 14` Lord` 1 Plant: growth semi-upright spreading
spreading habit 2 Stem: length short 46.8 cm medium long of primary
(106.2 cm) (157.4 cm) shoots and lateral branch 3 Stem: length
short 2.6 cm medium long of (5.1 cm) (8.5 cm) internode and lateral
branch 4 Stem: large 7.65 mm medium to medium diameter of large to
large internode and (6.50 mm) (6.67 mm) lateral branch 5 Stem: weak
absent or weak anthocyanin very weak coloration of internode and
lateral branch 6 Stem: weak absent or weak anthocyanin very weak
coloration of tip and lateral branch 7 Stem: medium absent or
strong anthocyanin very weak coloration of node and lateral branch
8 Stem: dense sparse sparse pubescence of tip 9 Leaf blade: large
250.1 medium medium size cm.sup.2 (160.9 to large cm.sup.2) (218.7
cm.sup.2) 10 Leaf blade: five lobes absent absent number of lobes
11 Only varieties -- cordate triangular without leaf blade lobes:
Leaf blade: shape 12 Only varieties moderate -- -- with leaf blade
lobes: Leaf blade: depth of lobing 13 Excluding green 136A of Green
Green ornamental RHS (136B (136B variety: Leaf of RHS) of RHS)
blade: color on upper side (excluding anthocyanin coloration) 19
Excluding absent or absent or absent or ornamental very weak very
weak very weak variety: Leaf blade: anthocyanin coloration on upper
side 20 Leaf blade: absent or small large extent of very small
anthocyanin coloration on abaxial veins on lower side 21 Leaf
blade: very weak very weak weak intensity of anthocyanin coloration
on abaxial veins on lower side 22 Leaf blade: absent or very absent
or strong anthocyanin weak very weak coloration of nectary 23 Young
leaf dark green N189A light green dark green blade: main of RHS
(137A of (N189A color on upper RHS) of RHS) side 24 Young leaf
medium N137A light green medium blade: main green of RHS (138A of
green color on lower RHS) (N137A side of RHS) 25 Petiole: absent or
absent or absent or anthocyanin very weak very weak very weak
coloration 26 Petiole: length medium 24.4 cm medium medium to (22.4
cm) long (26.7 cm) 27 Corolla: -- -- -- diameter 28 Corolla: color
-- -- -- 29 Storage root: ovate elliptic oblong shape 30 Storage
root: moderately 4.6 moderately medium ratio elongated elongated
(2.9) length/width (4.0) 31 Storage root: medium 3.8 medium medium
number storage (3.1 (3.9 roots/ storage storage plant roots/ roots/
plant) plant) 32 Storage root: medium 142 g medium medium mean (146
g) to large weight (182 g) 33 Storage root: thick 0.072 medium
medium thickness (0.055) (0.052) of cortex relative to overall
diameter 34 Storage root: purple red 59C of red (182A purple red
main color of RHS of RHS) (71B of skin RHS) 35 Storage root: absent
absent absent secondary color of skin 36 Storage root: purple N77B
of light beige Purple main color RHS (155D of (71C of flesh RHS) of
RHS) 37 Storage root: medium medium medium intensity of main color
of flesh 38 Storage root: white N155B -- White secondary of RHS
(N155B color of flesh of RHS) 39 Storage root: shallow medium
medium depth of eyes 40 Storage root: purple N186B light beige
light color of of HRS (2C of purple steamed flesh RHS) (79D of RHS)
41 Southern root- moderately moder- strong knot strong ately
nematode weak (Pratylenchus caffeae) resistance N/A Original color
Green 138B of Green Green of lateral RHS (138B (138B branch of RHS)
of RHS) N/A Length of 15.9 cm 13.0 cm 15.5 cm Leaf N/A Width of
Leaf 15.7 cm 12.3 cm 14.0 cm N/A Original color Green 138B of Green
Green of petiole RHS (138B (138B of RHS) of RHS)
Cross-breeding was carried out in 2004 in Miyazaki prefucture,
Japan. From 2005 onwards, selection and breeding were carried out
in Japan. Based on the result of seedling individual selection test
in 2005, a lineage was selected which showed excellent in
appearance and root tuberization, and gave the lineage number of
`Kyukei 04008-3`. Thereafter, they were used for the lineage
selection preliminary test in 2006, the lineage selection test in
2007, and the productivity check preliminary test in 2008. As a
result of examining various characteristics, we selected a lineage
with excellent color of flesh and excellent characteristics of the
steamed flesh, from `Kyukei 04008-3`, and gave the lineage number
of `Kyukei 288`. And, since 2009, a productivity check test, a
lineage adaptability test (Nagasaki, Ehime, etc.), a black rot
(Ceratocystis fimbriata) resistance test (Nagasaki), and a
damping-off resistance test (Tokushima) have been carried out, with
the lineage number of `Kyukei 288`. Finally, `Fukumurasaki` was
selected by comprehensively examining the results of these
tests.
Morphological Characteristic
The plant growth habit in a field is the "semi-upright" type, and
length of primary shoots and the length of internode of the stem
are shorter and the diameter of internode is slightly larger than
the `Kokei No. 14` and the `Purple Sweet Lord`.
The coloration of `Fukumurasaki` internode is "weak" and the
coloration of node is "weak to medium", the color on upper side of
young leaf is "dark green" (N189A of RHS) and the color on back
side of young leaf is "green" (N137A of RHS), the leaf color is
"green" (136A of RHS), the leaf size is "large", the number of
lobes in leaf blade is "5", and the leaf shape according to the old
reference is "double-incision".
The extent of the coloration on abaxial veins on lower side of the
leaf is "absent or very small", the intensity of the coloration of
the same is "very weak", and the coloration of the nectary is
"absent or very weak". The arrangement of the leaves is
alternate.
The strength of the storage root's neck and the position of the
storage root (same as depth from the field surface to storage root)
are "medium", and the difficulty of digging (harvesting) the
storage root (same as root tuber) is "medium". The shape of storage
root is "ovate" in the new standard and "long spindle" in the old
standard.
Shape regularity of storage roots is "moderate"; size of storage
roots is "medium"; size regularity of storage roots is "medium",
mean length of storage roots is 19.7 cm.+-.3.0 cm and mean width of
storage roots is 4.4 cm.+-.0.4 cm; skin color of storage root is
"purple red" (59C of RHS); flesh color is "purple" (N77B of RHS);
depth of eye in storage root is "shallow"; skin roughness of
storage root is "slightly coarse"; grooves and ridges of storage
root are "absent"; dehiscence of storage root is "little";
appearance is "medium".
At earlier harvest timing under cultivation with mulching sheet,
the total weight of good quality storage roots of `Fukumurasaki` is
about 60% of that of `Kokei No. 14`. Under later-planting-timing
cultivation without mulching sheet, the total weight of good
quality storage roots is about 60% of that of `Kokei No. 14`. The
mean weight of one good quality storage roots is lower than that of
`Kokei No. 14`. The number of good quality storage roots per one
plant is equivalent to that of `Kokei No. 14`. The percentage of
dry matter content is about 5 points higher (at the earlier harvest
timing), and about 7 points higher (under later-planting-timing
cultivation) than those of `Kokei No. 14`. Table 2 below contains
mean numerical values for characteristics of the good quality
storage roots.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 `Purple Cultivation `Fuku- `Kokei Sweet
method Characteristic murasaki` No. 14` Lord` Standard Weight of
the 201 kg/a 249 kg/a -- cultivation good quality with black
storage roots mulching Mean weight of 127 g 192 g 194 g sheet one
good quality storage root No. of good 4.2 3.5 4.2 quality storage
roots per plant Percentage of 37.2% 31.6% -- dry matter content
Cultivation Weight of the 104 kg/a 163 kg/a -- with good quality
transparent storage roots mulching Mean weight of 85 g 131 g --
sheet at earlier one good quality harvest timing storage root No.
of good 3.1 3.3 -- quality storage roots per plant Percentage of
36.4% 31.5% -- dry matter content Later-planting Weight of the 107
kg/a 173 kg/a -- timing good quality cultivation storage roots
without Mean weight of 106 g 154 g -- mulching one good quality
storage root No. of good 2.7 3.0 -- quality storage roots per plant
Percentage of 34.6% 27.6% -- dry matter content
Ecological Characteristics
The timing (early or late) of sprouting of `Fukumurasaki` from
storage root, the timing regularity of sprouting from different
storage roots (almost simultaneous or not), the speed of sprout
elongation, and the number of sprouts are "medium", mean numerical
value 8-10 sprouts, and the sprouting trait (same as sprouting
habit) is "medium".
On average, the total weight of the good quality storage roots is
19% lower than that of `Kokei No. 14`. The mean weight of one good
quality storage roots is lower than that of `Kokei No. 14` and
`Purple Sweet Lord`. The number of good quality storage roots per
one `Fukumurasaki` plant is slightly larger than that of the `Kokei
No. 14` and equivalent to that of the `Purple Sweet Lord`. The
percentage of dry matter content is about 5.6 points higher than
that of `Kokei No. 14`.
The resistance of `Fukumurasaki` to sweet potato nematodes (M.
incognita) is "medium" and the resistance to Minami root-lesion
nematodas (P. coffeae) is "moderately strong". The resistance to
black rot (Ceratocystis fimbriata) disease is "medium to strong".
The resistance to damping-off is "slightly weak to slightly
strong", and the resistance to stem rot (Fusarium oxysporum f, sp.
batatas) is "strong". Storability of storage root is "medium".
Regarding temperature tolerance of `Fukumurasaki,` the preferable
temperature for growth is 16 degrees Celsius or higher. More
preferably, the temperature for growth is 20-35 degrees Celsius.
Temperatures under 9 degrees Celsius can sometimes cause
low-temperature damage to the plant.
Quality Characteristics and Processability
In standard cultivation, the steamed flesh color of the
`Fukumurasaki` storage root is "purple" (N186B of RHS), fibers in
steamed flesh is "medium", and the quality of flesh is "medium".
The taste of steamed or roasted storage root is "somewhat superior"
and Brix is higher than `Kokei No. 14` and `Purple Sweet Lord`.
Other Characteristics
Brix of `Fukumurasaki` steamed storage root is higher than `Kokei
No. 14` and `Purple Sweet Lord` in both the cultivation with
transparent mulching sheet at earlier harvest timing and the
later-planting-timing cultivation without mulching. For standard
cultivation with black mulching sheet, Brix numerical values are as
follows. Brix for steamed storage root is 24.8% for `Fukumurasaki,`
16.6% for `Kokei No. 14,` and 13.4% for `Purple Sweet Lord.` Brix
for roasted storage root is 24.7% for `Fukumuraksi,` 17.5% for
`Kokei No. 14,` and 14.7% for `Purple Sweet Lord.` For cultivation
with transparent mulching sheet at earlier harvest timing, Brix
numerical values are as follows. Brix for steamed storage root is
19.6% for `Fukumurasaki,` 16.3% for `Kokei No. 14,` and 13.8% for
`Purple Sweet Lord.` For later-planting-timing cultivation without
mulching, Brix numerical values are as follows. Brix for steamed
storage root is 19.5% for `Fukumurasaki,` 15.3% for `Kokei No. 14,`
and 16.2% for `Purple Sweet Lord.`
The taste of `Fukumurasaki` steamed storage root is "medium" under
the cultivation with transparent mulching sheet at earlier harvest
timing, and "slightly higher" under the later-planting-timing
cultivation without mulching.
In October, 2016, samples (storage roots) cultivated in the field
in the city of Namegata were stored for about 70 days, and then
each sample was roasted at 200.degree. C. for 1 hour to prepare
roasted samples (roasted sweet potatoes), and sensory evaluation by
panelists was carried out. `Fukumurasaki` was more viscous than
`Purple Sweet Lord` in terms of roasted flesh quality, superior in
texture and sweetness, and `Fukumurasaki` exceeded `Purple Sweet
Lord` in overall evaluation.
`Fukumurasaki` was grown in open culture. In Japan, planting occurs
in the early part of May to the end part of May. In Japan
harvesting time is the middle part of October to the end part of
October.
It will be understood that the average size of the plant and
storage root may vary with location, season, nutrition, irrigation,
etc.
* * * * *