U.S. patent number PP32,077 [Application Number 16/501,395] was granted by the patent office on 2020-08-18 for fragaria l. plant named `tochigi i37 go`.
This patent grant is currently assigned to TOCHIGI PREFECTURE. The grantee listed for this patent is TOCHIGI PREFECTURE. Invention is credited to Akitsugu Hatakeyama, Kazunari Iimura, Yasuhiro Kobayashi, Natsumi Kojima, Asami Nagashima, Tatsuro Nakanishi, Takashi Ohashi, Yukio Ohashi, Yoshinori Saito, Takashi Shigeno, Akina Toyoda, Risa Tsurumi, Masaaki Ueki.
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United States Patent |
PP32,077 |
Kobayashi , et al. |
August 18, 2020 |
Fragaria L. plant named `Tochigi i37 Go`
Abstract
`Tochigi i37 Go` is a new variety of strawberry bred by
crossbreeding variety `Tochigi 32 Go` and `09-48-5` in 2012. The
plant may be used, e.g., for cultivation of fruit for consumption.
`Tochigi i37 Go` is a high-quality, high-yielding variety having
early maturing and high-yielding characteristic, fruit with a taste
similar to those of `Tochiotome`, a large fruit size, a firm fruit
firmness, and adaptability to forcing culture.
Inventors: |
Kobayashi; Yasuhiro
(Utsunomiya, JP), Shigeno; Takashi (Utsunomiya,
JP), Ohashi; Takashi (Utsunomiya, JP),
Hatakeyama; Akitsugu (Utsunomiya, JP), Iimura;
Kazunari (Utsunomiya, JP), Nakanishi; Tatsuro
(Utsunomiya, JP), Ueki; Masaaki (Utsunomiya,
JP), Toyoda; Akina (Utsunomiya, JP),
Nagashima; Asami (Utsunomiya, JP), Saito;
Yoshinori (Utsunomiya, JP), Tsurumi; Risa
(Utsunomiya, JP), Kojima; Natsumi (Utsunomiya,
JP), Ohashi; Yukio (Utsunomiya, JP) |
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
TOCHIGI PREFECTURE |
Utsunomiya-shi, Tochigi |
N/A |
JP |
|
|
Assignee: |
TOCHIGI PREFECTURE
(Utsunomiya-shi, JP)
|
Family
ID: |
69101186 |
Appl.
No.: |
16/501,395 |
Filed: |
April 5, 2019 |
Prior Publication Data
|
|
|
|
Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
|
US 20200015400 P1 |
Jan 9, 2020 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
PLT/208 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A01H
6/7409 (20180501) |
Current International
Class: |
A01H
5/08 (20180101); A01H 6/74 (20180101) |
Field of
Search: |
;PLT/208 |
Other References
Pluto Plant Variety Database Nov. 12, 2019. cited by
examiner.
|
Primary Examiner: Para; Annette H
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky
and Popeo, P.C.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A new and distinct Fragaria L. plant named `Tochigi i37 Go` as
illustrated and described.
Description
Plant name and variety denomination:
Latin name of the genus and species of the plant claimed: Fragaria
L. The claimed plant is a hybridization of different species. The
parental lines of the claimed plant resulted from the hybridization
of different species.
Common names of the claimed plant's species: Strawberry.
Variety denomination: `Tochigi i37 Go`.
BACKGROUND
Fragaria is a genus of flowering plants in the Rosaceae family,
commonly known as strawberries for their edible fruits.
Strawberries have a taste that varies by cultivar, and ranges from
quite sweet to rather tart. Strawberries are an important
commercial fruit crop, widely grown in all temperate regions of the
world.
Strawberries are cultivated worldwide for their fruit. The fruit is
widely known for its characteristic aroma, bright red color, juicy
texture, and sweetness. The strawberry is not, from a botanical
point of view, a berry. Technically, it is an aggregate accessory
fruit, meaning that the fleshy part is derived not from the plant's
ovaries but from the receptacle that holds the ovaries.
Propagation is often by runners, which can be pegged down to
encourage them to take root, or cut off and placed in a new
location. Strawberries are popular plants to grow in the domestic
environment, for consumption or exhibition purposes, almost
anywhere in the world.
BRIEF SUMMARY
`Tochigi i37 Go` is a new variety of Fragaria (F. x ananassa) bred
by crossbreeding variety `Tochigi 32 Go` as the female parent and
`09-48-5` as the male parent in 2012. In 2012, a `12-8-6` line was
selected from among the crossbreeds and named `Tochigi i37 Go`. The
plant may be used, e.g., for cultivation of fruit for
consumption.
`Tochigi i37 Go` is a high-quality, high-yielding variety having
(i) early maturing and high-yielding characteristic, (ii) fruit
with a taste similar to those of `Tochiotome`, (iii) a large fruit
size, (iv) a firm fruit firmness, and (v) adaptability to forcing
culture. This line is non-remontant strawberry bred in development
of a variety suitable for a forcing culture, and is excellent in
terms of early maturing, high yield, and strong disease
resistance.
`Tochigi i37 Go` was asexually reproduced via runners in Japan at
2920 Ootsuka-cho, Tochigi-shi, Tochigi, 328-0007.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a photograph of a `Tochigi i37 Go` plant body.
FIG. 2 is a photograph of a `Tochiotome` plant body.
FIG. 3 is a photograph of the fruit of a `Tochigi i37 Go` plant
(left) and the fruit of a `Tochiotome` plant (right).
DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PLANT
Variety: `Tochigi i37 Go`
Species of the plant claimed: Fragaris L. The claimed plant is a
hybridization of different species. The parental lines of the
claimed plant resulted from the hybridization of different
species.
Common names of the claimed plant's species include:
Strawberry.
Characteristics of `Tochigi i37 Go` provided herein were observed
when the plant was grown at 328-0007, 2920, Ootsuka-cho,
Tochigi-shi, Tochigi, Japan in a simple vinyl greenhouse from 2011
to 2018. Descriptive terms used in Tables 1 and 2 are consistent
with the Japanese Examination Standard for Fragaria L., available
at www.hinshu2.maff.go.jp/info/sinsakijun/kijun/1289.pdf, the
entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Properties and characteristics of `Tochigi i37 Go` are described in
Table 1.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Properties and characteristics of `Tochigi
i37 Go` Class Value Charac- (Numeric Data) teristic of Tochigi i37
No. Description State of Expression Go 01 Plant: growth habit
upright 1 30 Petal: color of upper side white 2 35 Fruit: size
large to very large 8 37 Fruit: shape cordate 3 39 Fruit (fruit
skin): color medium red 6 53 Fruit: color of flesh light red 4
(excluding core) 58 Type of bearing not remontant (one- 1 season
bearing) N/A Plant density medium dense N/A N/A Color of upper
surface of medium green; RHS N/A foliage color chart 3705 N/A Color
of lower surface of light green; RHS color N/A foliage chart 3514
N/A Color of opened flower white; RHS color chart N/A 2901 N/A
Color of skin of fruit medium red; RHS N/A color chart 0407 N/A
Color of flesh of fruit light red N/A N/A Color of seeds deep red;
RHS color N/A chart 0409 N/A Age of plant described perennial herb
N/A N/A Leaf blistering strong N/A N/A Leaf glossiness medium N/A
N/A Terminal leaflet average large N/A N/A Leaf size large; leaf
was N/A observed to be 9.2 cm long by 7.9 cm wide in mid-November,
and observed to be 6.3 cm long by 5.5 cm wide in mid-January N/A
Terminal leaflet base rounded N/A shape N/A Terminal leaflet margin
serrate to crenate N/A N/A Leaf shape straight N/A N/A Petiole
average length medium long; petiole N/A was observed to be 13.5 cm
long in mid- November and 13.6 cm long in min- January N/A
Anthocyanin coloration absent or very weak N/A of the stipule N/A
Average number of slightly many, approx. N/A stolons 52 per plant
N/A Stolon anthocyanin weak N/A coloration N/A Stolon pubescence
medium N/A density N/A Inflorescence position same level N/A
relative to foliage N/A Flower average diameter medium, depends on
N/A inflorescence or season N/A Calyx size relative to same size
N/A corolla N/A Average flower number few, approx. 8.4 N/A per
cluster flowers N/A Average petal length and equal N/A width N/A
Fruit shape cordate N/A N/A Fruit band without absent or very
narrow N/A achenes N/A Insertion of achenes deep below surface N/A
N/A Insertion of calyx inserted N/A N/A Attitude of calyx sections
upwards N/A N/A Size of calyx relative to much smaller N/A fruit
diameter N/A Fruit adherence of calyx medium N/A N/A Average size
of fruit absent or small N/A hollow center
When grown in Tochigi-shi, Tochigi, 328-0007, Japan (or in an areas
with a similar latitude and climate) `Tochigi i37 Go` should be
cultured in a facility, such as a simple vinyl greenhouse. In this
region, the flowering time is from late October to mid-February. In
this region, harvesting time is from late December to late
March.
A forcing culture of strawberries is a main form of breeding
strawberries in Tochigi Prefecture. Recently, because of weather
change and reduction in culture area throughout Japan etc.,
stabilization of the number of strawberries throughout a shipping
period and expansion of amounts to be supplied within the year are
required greatly. `Tochigi i37 go` has earlier flowering and
harvesting both in night cooling nursing and cell nursing than
`Tochiotome`, is excellent in continuous appearance of flower
clusters, and has excellent resistance to chlorosis, so that the
amount of supply can be increased both within the year and after
the turn of the new year. Furthermore, the fruit is approximately
20 g/fruit in size, which is larger than `Tochiotome`. Sugar
content is approximately 10 degrees, acidity is approximately 0.5%,
and sugar-acid ratio is approximately 21, indicating good eating
quality. Firmness is 65 gf/.phi.2 mm, indicating greater firmness
than that of `Tochiotome`. From these characteristics, `Tochigi i37
go` is expected to be used as products for raw consumption, mainly
targeting home consumption.
`Tochigi i37 go` is considered to have disease resistance to
chlorosis which is substantially equal to `Asuka Wave` considered
as a disease resistance variety, and it was confirmed that `Tochigi
i37 go` has a chlorosis-resistance discrimination DNA marker
derived from `Asuka Wave`. Furthermore, it is considered that the
disease resistance to anthracnose is a bit superior to that of
`Tochiotome` and inferior to `Tochigi i27 go`.
A variety that is similar to `Tochigi i37 Go` is `Tochiotome`.
Characteristics of `Tochigi i37 Go` and `Tochiotome` are compared
in Table 2. `Tochiotome` plant is shown in FIG. 2; fruit of
`Tochiotome` is shown in FIG. 3.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Distinguishable characteristics between
`Tochigi i37 Go`and `Tochitome` Denomination State of State of of
Similar Description of Expression in Expression in Variety
Characteristics Similar Variety Tochigi i37 Go TOCHIOTOME Plant:
growth habit semi-upright upright TOCHIOTOME Fruit: size large
large to very large TOCHIOTOME Fruit: shape conical cordate
TOCHIOTOME Fruit: position of level with fruit inserted calyx
attachment TOCHIOTOME Time of beginning medium early of fruit
ripening
Type of bearing for `Tochigi i37 Go` is not remontant, and it is
adaptive to forcing culture. Flowering and harvesting for `Tochigi
i37 Go` are both earlier than those of `Tochiotome`. `Tochigi i37
Go` weight per fruit is as large as approximately 20 g. Yield is
larger by 15-20% than that of `Tochiotome`. Sugar content of
`Tochigi i37 Go` fruit is approximately 10 and acidity is
approximately 0.5%, indicating good eating quality. Firmness of
`Tochigi i37 Go` fruit is higher than that of `Tochiotome`. Shows
excellent resistance to chlorosis. Although temporal, in certain
ordered flower cluster in a harvest period, tip-defected fruits
(non-fertilized fruit, white-tipped fruit) are likely to appear on
`Tochigi i37 Go`, mainly at primary inflorescence.
Growth habit of `Tochigi i37 Go` is upright. as stronger vigor than
`Tochiotome`. Leaflets are similar in size to those of
`Tochiotome`, petiole is longer, and leaf length hardly decreases
even in severe winter. Flower cluster of `Tochigi i37 Go` is a
straight-branch type, flower cluster is longer than that of
`Tochiotome`, the number of bearing of flowers at primary flower
cluster is 8, which is significantly smaller than that of
`Tochiotome`.
Production of runners by `Tochigi i37 Go` is similar to
`Tochiotome`, and young stocks with 2-3 leaf ages can be easily
acquired. Flowering bud differentiation period comes earlier for
`Tochigi i37 Go` than that of `Tochiotome`. `Tochigi i37 Go` is
responsive to a treatment for promoting flowering bud
differentiation by low temperature and short-day; `Tochigi i37 go`
achieves flowering bud differentiation earlier than `Tochiotome`
does. Time of beginning of flowering and time of beginning of
harvesting of primary flower cluster of `Tochigi i37 Go` are
earlier by at least 10 days than those of `Tochiotome`, and flower
clusters appear continuously. `Tochigi i37 Go` shows excellent
resistance to chlorosis. `Tochigi i37 Go` shows higher resistance
to anthracnose than `Tochiotome` does, and shows lower resistance
to anthracnose than `Tochigi i27` does.
`Tochigi i37 Go` fruit skin is colored vividly red, which is more
reddish than `Tochiotome`, and is glossed well. `Tochigi i37 Go`
fruit pulp is colored pale red, which is similar to `Tochiotome`.
`Tochigi i37 Go` fruit shape is heart-like, and a position where
calyx is attached is inserted. A ratio of appearance of malformed
fruits is 8-10%, which is very small as compared to `Tochiotome`.
Tip-defected fruits (non-fertilized fruit, green-tipped fruit, and
white-tipped fruit) are likely to appear on `Tochigi i37 Go`, but a
ratio of appearance of such tip-defected fruits is only 3-5%. Sugar
content of `Tochigi i37 Go` fruit is approximately 10 degrees,
which is equal to that of `Tochiotome`. Acidity of `Tochigi i37 Go`
fruit is approximately 0.5%, which is lower than that of
`Tochiotome`. Sugar-acid ratio of `Tochigi i37 Go` fruit is
approximately 21, which is higher than that of `Tochiotome`,
indicating good eating quality. Penetration firmness of `Tochigi
i37 Go` fruit surface is 65 gf/.phi.2 mm, indicating greater
firmness than that of `Tochiotome`. Average weight per `Tochigi i37
Go` fruit is approximately 20 g, which is larger than that of
`Tochiotome`, and yield is larger by 15-20% than that of
`Tochiotome`.
Growth habit of `Tochigi i37 go` is upright. `Tochigi i37 go` has a
lamina length longer than that of `Tochiotome`, has a lamina length
and a leaf width substantially equal to those of `Tochiotome`, and
has vigor stronger than that of `Tochiotome`. Both in night cooling
nursing and cell nursing, flowering bud differentiation period of
`Tochigi i37 go` comes apparently earlier than that of
`Tochiotome`. Time of beginning of flowering in `Tochigi i37 Go` is
earlier by 6-8 days in night cooling nursing and by 10-13 days in
cell nursing compared to `Tochiotome`, and time of beginning of
harvesting is earlier by 10-19 days. A period from the time of
beginning of flowering to the time of beginning of harvesting tends
to be a bit shorter for `Tochigi i37 Go` than `Tochiotome`. The
number of bearing of flowers at primary flower cluster in `Tochigi
i37 Go` is as small as approximately 1/2 of that of
`Tochiotome`.
`Tochigi i37 Go` fruit skin is colored vividly red which is more
reddish than `Tochiotome`, and is glossed as well as `Tochiotome`.
`Tochigi i37 Go` fruit shape is heart-like, and appearance of
malformed fruits (strip-shaped fruit and mild cockscomb fruit) is
less frequent than `Tochiotome`, and misshaped fruits having
disorders at tips thereof are more likely to appear than
`Tochiotome`. Sugar content of `Tochigi i37 Go` fruit is
substantially equal to that of `Tochiotome`, acidity is lower, and
a sugar-acid ratio is higher, indicating good eating quality.
Firmness of `Tochigi i37 Go` fruit is greater than that of
`Tochiotome`.
In the case of cell nursing, the yield of salable fruit from
`Tochigi i37 Go` is higher by approximately 20% than that of
`Tochiotome`. In the case of night cooling nursing, the yield of
salable fruit from `Tochigi i37 Go` is equal to or higher than that
of `Tochiotome`. In either of the tests and in either of the
nursing methods, the weight per fruit for `Tochigi i37 Go` is as
large as approximately 20 g or more. As for the yield per flower
cluster, the yield of the primary flower cluster and subsequent
flower clusters of `Tochigi i37 Go` is superior to that of
`Tochiotome`. As for the ratio of the number of fruit by class of
fruit weight, the ratio of `Tochigi i37 Go` fruit having a weight
of 22 g or more is higher than that of `Tochiotome`, the ratio of
fruit having a weight of 11 g or more and less than 22 g is similar
to that of `Tochiotome`, and the ratio of fruit having a weight of
less than 11 g is smaller than that of `Tochiotome`.
Characteristic tests were performed in 2015 and 2016, and line
adaptability tests were performed in 2017.
For the characteristic test in 2015, 10 stocks per sector were used
in a 2 sector system. Research items were growth, yield, and fruit
quality. The test farm field used was a pipe house in the
Strawberry Research Center (east-west wing). Forcing culture and
cell nursing were used as cropping type and nursing method. Time of
fix planting was September 16. Planting pattern used was soil
culture, two high ridges with ridge width of 100 cm and distance
between stocks of 24 cm. Temperature control was performed
according to the following pattern: a morning temperature of
25.degree. C., afternoon temperature of 23.degree. C., and lowest
night temperature of 8.degree. C. from October 28 to December 15;
followed by a morning temperature of 27.degree. C., afternoon
temperature of 23.degree. C., and lowest night temperature of
8.degree. C. from December 16 to February 25; and finally a morning
temperature of 25.degree. C., afternoon temperature of 23.degree.
C., lowest night temperature of 8.degree. C. on February 26.
For the characteristic test in 2016, 20 stocks per sector were used
in a 2 sector system. Research items were growth, yield, fruit
quality, and disease resistance. The test farm field used was a
pipe house in the Strawberry Research Center (north-south wing).
Forcing culture, cell nursing, and night cooling nursing were used
as cropping type and nursing methods. Time of fix planting was
September 9 for night cooling nursing, and September 20 for cell
nursing. Planting pattern used was soil culture, two high ridges
with ridge width of 100 cm and distance between stocks of 24 cm.
Temperature control was performed according to the following
pattern: a morning temperature of 25.degree. C., afternoon
temperature of 23.degree. C., and lowest night temperature of
8.degree. C. from November 1 to December 13; followed by a morning
temperature of 27.degree. C., afternoon temperature of 23.degree.
C., and lowest night temperature of 8.degree. C. from December 14
to March 21; and finally a morning temperature of 25.degree. C.,
afternoon temperature of 23.degree. C., lowest night temperature of
8.degree. C. on March 22 and thereafter. Base fertilizer content
was 2.0 kg/a nitrogen, 2.4 kg/a phosphoric acid, and 1.6 kg/a
potash. No additional fertilizer was used.
For the line adaptability test in 2017, 20 stocks per sector were
used in a 2 sector system. Research items were growth, yield, fruit
quality, and disease resistance. The test farm fields used were a
pipe house in the Strawberry Research Center (north-south wing), as
well as farm fields of commercial farmers in Tochigi
Prefecture.
For the line adaptability test at the pipe house in the Strawberry
Research Center (north-south wing), forcing culture, cell nursing,
and night cooling nursing were used as cropping type and nursing
methods. Time of fix planting was August 31 for night cooling
nursing, and September 12 for cell nursing. Planting pattern used
was soil culture, two high ridges with ridge width of 100 cm and
distance between stocks of 24 cm. Temperature control was performed
according to the following pattern: a morning temperature of
25.degree. C., afternoon temperature of 23.degree. C., and lowest
night temperature of 8.degree. C. from October 23 to November 20;
followed by a morning temperature of 27.degree. C., afternoon
temperature of 23.degree. C., and lowest night temperature of
8.degree. C. from November 21 to March 11; and finally a morning
temperature of 25.degree. C., afternoon temperature of 23.degree.
C., lowest night temperature of 8.degree. C. on March 12 and
thereafter. Base fertilizer content was 1.5 kg/a nitrogen, 1.8 kg/a
phosphoric acid, and 1.2 kg/a potash. No additional fertilizer was
used.
For the line adaptability test on-site at the commercial farmers'
fields, test places were Kanuma-shi, Mooka-shi, Tochigi-shi,
Shimotsuke-shi, and Ohtawara-shi. Nursing method used was cell
nursing in Ohtawara-shi and night cooling nursing in other places
(nursed in Strawberry Research Center). Time of fix planting was
the beginning of September. Planting pattern, fertilization, and
temperature control were all performed according to the manner of
farmers in charge of on-site tests.
It will be understood that the average size of the plant may vary
with location, season, nutrition, irrigation, etc.
* * * * *
References