U.S. patent number PP31,535 [Application Number 15/932,562] was granted by the patent office on 2020-03-10 for cannabis plant named `lemon crush og`.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Biotech Institute LLC. The grantee listed for this patent is Biotech Institute LLC. Invention is credited to Steven Haba, Mark A. Lewis.
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United States Patent |
PP31,535 |
Lewis , et al. |
March 10, 2020 |
Cannabis plant named `LEMON CRUSH OG`
Abstract
The present invention provides a new and distinct cannabis
cultivar designated as `LEMON CRUSH OG`. The main terpenes found in
`LEMON CRUSH OG` are limoene, beta-caryophyllene, alpha-humulene,
linalool, trans-ocimene, beta-pinene, fenchol, alpha-terpineol,
alpha-pinene and myrcene. The estimated concentration of the total
THC.sub.max, CBD.sub.max, and CBG.sub.max is about 18.77-23.19%,
about 0%, and about 0.98-1.78%, respectively, at the time of
assaying metabolites from flower samples of `LEMON CRUSH OG`.
Harvest interval, i.e. at 56-70 days under short day
conditions.
Inventors: |
Lewis; Mark A. (Westlake
Village, CA), Haba; Steven (Westlake Village, CA) |
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Biotech Institute LLC |
Westlake Village |
CA |
US |
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Assignee: |
Biotech Institute LLC (Westlake
Village, CA)
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Family
ID: |
66696627 |
Appl.
No.: |
15/932,562 |
Filed: |
March 16, 2018 |
Prior Publication Data
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Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
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US 20190183003 P1 |
Jun 13, 2019 |
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Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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62596561 |
Dec 8, 2017 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
PLT/258 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A01H
1/101 (20210101); A01H 5/02 (20130101); G06T
7/75 (20170101); A01H 5/12 (20130101); G06T
7/337 (20170101); A01H 6/28 (20180501); A61K
36/185 (20130101); G06T 2207/10032 (20130101); G06T
2207/20016 (20130101); G06F 3/0481 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A01H
5/02 (20180101); A61K 36/185 (20060101); A01H
6/28 (20180101) |
Field of
Search: |
;PLT/258,263.1 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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WO 2014/145490 |
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Sep 2014 |
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WO |
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WO 2015/065544 |
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May 2015 |
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WO |
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WO 2016/105514 |
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Jun 2016 |
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WO |
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WO 2016/123160 |
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Aug 2016 |
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WO |
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WO 2018/094359 |
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May 2018 |
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WO |
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Other References
Grasscity Forums 2010 Lemon Crush, retrieved on May 1, 2019,
retrieved from the Internet at
https://forum.grasscity.com/threads/lemon-crush-weed.475046/, 7 pp.
(Year: 2010). cited by examiner.
|
Primary Examiner: Hwu; June
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Cooley LLP
Claims
The invention claimed is:
1. A new and distinct cultivar of Cannabis plant named `LEMON CRUSH
OG` substantially as shown and described herein.
Description
Latin name of genus and species: Cannabis hybrid.
Variety denomination: `LEMON CRUSH OG`.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a new and distinct cannabis
cultivar designated as `LEMON CRUSH OG`.
This new cultivar is the result of controlled-crosses between
proprietary cultivars made by the inventors. The new cultivar of
`LEMON CRUSH OG` was asexually reproduced via a stem `cutting` and
`cloning` method by the inventors at Salinas, Calif. Asexual clones
from the original source have been tested in greenhouses,
nurseries, and/or fields. The properties of each cultivar were
found to be transmissible by such asexual reproduction. The
cultivar is stable and reproduces true to type in successive
generations of asexual reproduction.
TAXONOMY AND NOMENCLATURE
Cannabis, more commonly known as marijuana, is a genus of flowering
plants that includes at least three species, Cannabis sativa,
Cannabis indica, and Cannabis ruderalis as determined by plant
phenotypes and secondary metabolite profiles. In practice however,
cannabis nomenclature is often used incorrectly or interchangeably.
Cannabis literature can be found referring to all cannabis
varieties as "sativas" or all cannabinoid producing plants as
"indicas". Indeed the promiscuous crosses of indoor cannabis
breeding programs have made it difficult to distinguish varieties,
with most cannabis being sold in the United States having features
of both sativa and indica species.
Human cultivation history of Cannabis dates back 8000 years
(Schultes, R E. 1970, Random thoughts and queries on the botany of
Cannabis. Pages 11-38 in: CRB Joyce, and S H Curry eds., THE BOTANY
AND CHEMISTRY OF CANNABIS. J. & A. Churchill. London, England).
Hemp cloth recovered in Europe dates back 6000 years. (Small, E,
Beckstead, H D, and Chan, A, 1975, The evolution of cannabinoid
phenotypes in Cannabis, ECONOMIC BOTANY 29(3): 219-232. The written
record of the pharmacologic properties of Cannabis goes back more
than 4000 years (Ti, H. 2737 BC. NEI JING SU WEN HUANG TI, Yellow
Emperor's Classic on Internal Medicine; referred to without
citation in Small et al. 1975 Supra).
The taxonomy and nomenclature of the highly variable genus Cannabis
(Emboden, W A, 1974, ECONOMIC BOTANY 28(3), 304-310; Small, E and
Cronquist, A, 1976, TAXON 25(4), 405-435; Small E and Cronquist, A,
1977, TAXON 26(1), 110; Hillig, K W and Mahlberg, P G, 2004,
American Journal of Botany 91(6), 966-975, remains in question.
This is in spite of the fact that its formal scientific name,
`Cannabis sativa L.`, assigned by Carolus Linneaus (Linnaeus, C,
1753, SPECIES PLANTARUM 2:1027, Salvius, Stockholm, Facsimile
edition, 1957-1959, Ray Society, London, U.K.), is one of the
oldest established names in botanical history and is still accepted
to this day. Another species in the genus, `Cannabis indica Lam.`
was formally named somewhat later (de Lamarck, J B, 1785,
ENCYCLOPEDIE METHODIQUE DE BOTANIQUE, 1(2):694-695), but is still
very old in botanical history. In 1785, Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
published a description of a second species of Cannabis, which he
named Cannabis indica. Lamarck based his description of the newly
named species on plant specimens collected in India. C. indica was
described as relatively short, conical, and densely branched,
whereas C. saliva was described as tall and laxly branched
(Schultes R. E. et al, 1974, Harvard University Botanical Museum
Leaflets, 23: 337-367). C. indica plants were also described as
having short, broad leaflets whereas those of C. saliva were
characterized as relatively long and narrow (Anderson L. C., 1980,
Harvard University Botanical Museum Leaflets, 28: 61-69). C. indica
plants conforming to Schultes' and Anderson's descriptions may have
originated from the Hindu Kush mountain range. Because of the often
harsh and variable (extremely cold winters, and warm summers)
climate of those parts, C. indica is well-suited for cultivation in
temperate climates.
Three other species names were proposed in the 1800s to distinguish
plants with presumably different characteristics (C. macrosperma
Stokes, C. chinensis Delile, C. gigantean Vilmorin), none of which
are accepted today, although the epithet "indica" lives on as a
subspecies of C. sativa (`C. sativa ssp. indica Lam.`. Small and
Cronquist 1976 Supra).
In the 20th century, two new names were added to the liturgy of
proposed `Cannabis species: C. ruderalis` Janischevsky and a
hybrid, x `C. intersita` Sojak. (Small, E, Jui, P Y, and
Lefkovitch, L P, 1976, SYSTEMATIC BOTANY 1(1): 67-84; Small and
Cronquist 1976, Supra). Further, numerous names have been proposed
for horticultural variants of `Cannabis` but as of 1976, "very few
of these have been validly published as formal taxa under the
International Code of Botanical Nomenclature" (Small and Cronquist
1976 Supra). Moreover, other recent work continues to focus on
higher-order evolutionary relationships of the genus. Cannabis has
been variously ascribed as belonging to mulberry family (Moraceae)
(Engler, H G A, Ulmaceae, Moraceae and Urticaceae, pages 59-118 in:
A. Engler and K. Prantl eds., 1889, DIE NATURLICHEN
PFLANZENFAMILIEN 3(1). W. Engelmann, Leipzig, Germany; Judd, W S,
Sanders, R W, and Donoghue, M J, 1994, HARVARD PAPERS IN BOTANY 5:
1-51; Humphries, C J and Blackmore, S, A review of the
classification of the Moraceae, pages 267-277 In: Crane and
Blackmore 1989 id.); nettle family (Urticaceae) (Berg, C C,
Systematics and phylogeny of the Urticales, pages 193-220, in: P.
R. Crane and S. Blackmore eds., 1989, EVOLUTION, SYSTEMATIC, AND
FOSSIL HISTORY OF THE HAMAMELIDAE, VOL. 2, HIGHER HAMAMELIDAE,
Clarendon Press, Oxford, U.K.); and most recently in its own family
with hops (Humulus), Cannabaceae, or hemp family (Sytsma, K J, et
al, 2002, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 89(9):1531-1546). While the
work of Small and Cronquist 1976 Supra, seemed to effectively
confine the genus to a single species with 2 subspecies (C. saliva
s., C. s. indica), each with two varieties (C. s. s. var. saliva,
C. s. s. var. spontanea; C. s. i. var. indica, C. s. i. var.
Kafiristanica) largely on the basis of chemotaxonomy and
interfertility of all forms, more recent work (Sytsma et al. 2002
Supra), proposes a two-species concept, resurrecting the binomial
C. indica Lam. Since Sytsma et al. (2002) provides no key for
discriminating between the species, the dichotomous key of Small
and Cronquist (1976), which accounts for all forms in nature,
whether wild or domesticated, is preferred to classify the
characteristics of the plants.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a new and distinctive cannabis cultivar
designated as `LEMON CRUSH OG`.
The objective of the breeding program which produced novel plants
disclosed herein was primarily to develop a cannabis cultivar with
its unique blend of various cannabinoids and/or terpenes for (a)
medicinal effects such as improving appetite and reducing nausea,
vomiting and/or chronic pain, as well as neurological and
cardiovascular effects, (b) psychoactive effects such as increased
motivation and energetic behavior rather than indifference,
passiveness and lethargy, and (c) recreational effects with
enhanced enjoyment such as food and aroma.
As used herein, the term "cultivar" is used interchangeably with
"variety", "strain", and/or "clone".
Cannabis plants produce a unique family of terpeno-phenolic
compounds. Cannabinoids, terpenoids, and other compounds are
secreted by glandular trichomes that occur most abundantly on the
floral calyxes and bracts of female plants. As a drug it usually
comes in the form of dried flower buds (marijuana), resin
(hashish), or various extracts collectively known as hashish oil.
The cannabis plant has at least 545 distinct compounds that span 20
chemical classes including cannabinoids, terpenes, terpenoids,
amino acids, nitrogenous compounds, simple alcohols, aldehydes,
ketones, esters, lactones, acids, fatty acids, steroids,
non-cannabinoid phenols, pigments, flavonoids, vitamins, proteins,
enzymes, glycoproteins, and hydrocarbons. Terpenes and/or
cannabinoids, in particular, have shown great potential in terms of
medicinal value.
Terpenes and/or cannabinoids have been shown to be largely
responsible for beneficial effects of a cannabis plant. In fact,
each cannabis plant has the varying concentrations of medically
viable compounds depending on different strains (genotypes) and
their resulting chemotypes. Even a small variation in terpene
and/or cannabinoid concentration can cause noticeable differences
in the entourage and/or synergistic effects of a cannabis plant,
which distinguishes one variety from another. Research shows that
it relies heavily on the physiological effects produced by terpenes
and/or cannabinoids.
Over 100 different kinds of terpenes have been identified in
cannabis plants although not being as well-studied as cannabinoids
they are instrumental in giving rise to the physiological and
psychoactive effects in cannabis.
Terpenes are a large and diverse class of organic compounds,
produced by a variety of plants. They are often strong smelling and
thus may have had a protective function. Terpenes are an important
component, not only influencing taste and smell of each cannabis
strain but also influencing its effects on the mind and body of a
subject such as humans and animals. Terpenes are a classification
of organic molecules that are found in a wide variety of plants and
animals. These molecules are known for their characteristic scents
and flavors. The varying terpene concentrations found in cannabis
plants directly influence the resulting taste and smell, as well as
the observed effects. Non-limiting examples of terpenes include
Hemiterpenes, Monoterpenes, Sesquiterpenes, Diterpenes,
Sesterterpenes, Triterpenes, Sesquarterpenes, Tetraterpenes,
Polyterpenes, and Norisoprenoids. The main terpenes found in
cannabis plants include, but are not limited to, myrcene, limonene,
caryophyllene, pinene, terpinene, terpinolene, camphene, terpineol,
phellandrene, carene, humulene, pulegone, sabinene, geraniol,
linalool, fenchol, borneol, eucalyptol, and nerolidol.
Cannabinoids are the most studied group of the main physiologically
active secondary metabolites in cannabis. The classical
cannabinoids are concentrated in a viscous resin produced in
structures known as glandular trichomes. At least 113 different
cannabinoids have been isolated from cannabis plants. The main
classes of cannabinoids from cannabis include tetrahydrocannabinol
(THC), cannabidiol (CBD), cannabigerol (CBG), and cannabinol (CBN).
Cannabinoid can be at least one of a group comprising
tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD), cannabigerol (CBG),
cannabinol (CBN) cannabichromene (CBC), cannabinodiol (CBDL),
cinnabicyclol (CBL), cannabivarin (CBV), tetrahydrocannabivarin
(THCV), cannabidivarin (CBDV), cannabigerovarin (CBGV),
cannabichromevarin (CBCV), cannabigerol monomethyl ether (CBGM),
cannabielsoin (CBE), cannabicitran (CBT), cannabinol propyl variant
(CBNV), cannabitriol (CBO), tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA),
tetrahydrocannabivarinic acid (THCVA), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA),
cannabigerolic acid (CBGA) and cannabinerolic acid.
Most cannabinoids exist in two forms, as acids and in neutral
(decarboxylated) forms. The acidic form of cannabinoids is
designated by an "A" at the end of its acronym (i.e. THCA). The
cannabinoids in their acidic forms (those ending in "-A") can be
converted to their non-acidic forms through a process called
decarboxylation when the sample is heated. The phytocannabinoids
are synthesized in the plant as acidic forms. While some
decarboxylation does occur in the plant, it increases significantly
post-harvest and the kinetics increase at high temperatures
(Flores-Sanchez and Verpoorte, 2008, Plant Cell Physiol. 49(12):
1767-1782). The biologically active forms for human consumption are
the neutral forms. Decarboxylation is usually achieved by thorough
drying of the plant material followed by heating it, often by
combustion, vaporization, heating, or baking in an oven. Unless
otherwise noted, references to cannabinoids in a plant include both
the acidic and decarboxylated versions (e.g., CBD and CBDA).
The molecules lose mass through the process of decarboxylation. In
order to find the total theoretical active cannabinoids, the acid
forms should be multiplied by 87.7%. For example, THCA can be
converted to active THC using the formula: THCA.times.0.877=THC.
The maximum THC for the sample is:
THC.sub.max=(THCA.times.0.877)+THC. This method has been validated
according to the principles of the International Conference on
Harmonization. Similarly, CBDA can be converted to active CBD and
the yield is determined using the yield formula:
CBDA.times.0.877=CBD. Also the maximum amount of CBD yielded, i.e.
max CBD for the sample is: CBD.sub.max=(CBDA.times.0.877)+CBD.
Additionally, CBGA can be converted to active CBG by multiplying
87.8% to CBGA. Thus, the maximum amount of CBG is:
CBG.sub.max=(CBGA.times.0.878)+CBG.
The biologically active chemicals found in plants, phytochemicals,
may affect the normal structure or function of the human body and
in some cases treat disease. The mechanisms for the medicinal and
psychoactive properties of a cannabis plant, like any medicinal
herb, produce the pharmacologic effects of its phytochemicals, and
the key phytochemicals for a medical cannabis plant are
cannabinoids and terpenes.
While .DELTA.9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is also implicated in the
treatment of disease, the psychotropic activity of THC makes it
undesirable for some patients and/or indications.
Tetrahydrocannabinol, THC, is the primary psychoactive and
medicinal cannabinoid and is the result of the decarboxylation of
tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), its acidic precursor. THCA,
(6ar,10ar)-1-hydroxy-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl-6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6h-be-
nzochromene-2-carboxylic acid, is found in the trichomes of the
plant and converted into THC, which actually exists in only minute
quantities in the living plant, after harvest and drying.
While Cannabigerol (CBG), is not considered psychoactive, it is
known to block the psychoactive effects of THC and is considered
medically active in a variety of conditions. Its precursor,
cannabigerolic acid, CBG-A,
(E)-3-(3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl)-2,4-dihydroxy-6-pentylbenzoic
acid, is being studied medically.
Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol or (THC) is a psychoactive cannabinoid
responsible for many of the effects such as mild to moderate pain
relief, relaxation, insomnia and appetite stimulation. THC has been
demonstrated to have anti-depressant effects. The majority of
strains range from 12-21% THC with very potent and carefully
prepared strains reaching even higher.
Cannabidiol (CBD) is one of the principal cannabinoids found in a
cannabis plant and is largely considered to the most medically
significant. CBD occurs in many strains, at low levels, <1%. In
some cases, CBD can be the dominant cannabinoid, as high as 15% by
weight. CBD is non-psychoactive, meaning that unlike THC, CBD does
not cause a noticeable "high". CBD has shown potential for the
treatment of a wide variety of diseases and symptoms, including
cancer, nausea, chronic pain, spasms, seizures/epilepsy, anxiety,
psoriasis, Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes,
schizophrenia, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), alcoholism,
strokes, Multiple Sclerosis, and cardiovascular disease. CBD also
has been reported to act as a muscle relaxant, antibiotic,
anti-inflammatory, and bone stimulant, as well as to improve blood
circulation, cause drowsiness, and protect the nervous system. It
can provide relief for chronic pain due to muscle spasticity,
convulsions and inflammation, as well as effective relief from
anxiety-related disorders. It can offer relief for patients with
Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Fibromyalgia and Epilepsy. CBD has also
been shown to inhibit cancer cell growth when injected into breast
and brain tumors in combination with THC.
A cannabis cultivar can be used to achieve the desire of patients
to be treated with CBD without the adverse side-effects (e.g.,
psychoactivity) of THC.
Cannabichromene (CBC) is a rare, non-psychoactive cannabinoid,
usually found at low levels (<1%) when present. It has been
shown to have anti-depressant effects and to improve the
pain-relieving effects of THC. Studies have demonstrated that CBC
has sedative effects such as promoting relaxation.
Cannabigerol (CBG) is a non-psychoactive cannabinoid. CBG-acid is
the precursor to both THC-acid and CBD-acid in the plant usually
found at low levels (<1%) when present. It has been demonstrated
to have both pain relieving and inflammation reducing effects. CBG
reduces intraocular pressure, associated with glaucoma. CBG has
been shown to have antibiotic properties and to inhibit platelet
aggregation, which slows the rate of blood clotting.
Cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabichromene (CBC) are both
non-psychoactive and end products of CBG metabolism, like THC, that
are used medically.
Cannabinol or (CBN) is an oxidative degradation product of THC. It
may result from improper storage or curing and extensive
processing, such as when making concentrates. It is usually formed
when THC is exposed to UV light and oxygen over time. CBN has some
psychoactive properties, less strength than THC. CBN is thought to
enhance the dizziness and disorientation that users of cannabis may
experience. It may cause feelings of grogginess, and has been shown
to reduce heart rate.
High potency cannabis plants contain large quantities of specific
terpenes as well as various assortments of other terpenes. For
instance, a cannabis plant may have a profile with either a high
level of, a moderate amount of or a small amount of various
terpenes depending on its cultivar and environmental
conditions.
Various cultivars of `Cannabis` species have been cultivated in an
effort to create a cultivar best suited to meet the interest of
inventors according to their own need. The particular plant
disclosed herein was discovered in the area where the inventors
were intentionally cross-pollinating and cultivating plants
described below using standard Mendelian breeding procedures well
known to those of ordinary skill in the art. This resulted in the
progenies of the inventors' crosses.
The progenies resulting from any selection stage of either the
crossing, selfing or backcrossing versions of the breeding regimes
of the present invention were asexually reproduced to fix and
maintain the desirable THC content, CBs content, terpenes content,
the aroma and flavor(s) typical of the desired class, and the other
desirable phenotypic and/or genotypic characteristics. The
resultant selected cannabis cultivar is designated as `LEMON CRUSH
OG` disclosed herein.
The inventors reproduced progenies asexually by stem cutting and
cloning. This is the origin of this remarkable new cultivar. The
plant has been and continues to be asexually reproduced by stem
cutting and cloning at the inventors' greenhouses, nurseries and/or
fields in Salinas, Calif., Oakland, Calif., and/or Washington,
D.C.
The following are the most outstanding and distinguishing chemical
characteristics of this new cultivar when grown under normal
conditions in Salinas, Calif. Chemical analyses of the new cannabis
variety and the check variety (or the parental varieties) disclosed
herein were performed using standard chemical separation techniques
well known to those skilled in the art. Samples for assaying were
obtained from flower tissues of the cannabis plant disclosed
herein. Cannabinoid composition of this cultivar can be determined
by assaying the concentration of at least one cannabinoid in a
subset (e.g., sample) of the harvested product.
Table 1 includes detailed information of the cannabis plant named
`LEMON CRUSH OG` including the concentration ranges of terpenes and
cannabinoids as tested on flowers sampled on at least four
different dates. The cannabis plant has been tested in a laboratory
setting and/or facility to determine cannabinoids and terpenes
concentrations in the cannabis plant named `LEMON CRUSH OG`
according to the procedures provided in Giese et al. (Journal of
AOAC International (2015) 98(6):1503-1522). 1) The main terpenes
found in `LEMON CRUSH OG` are limonene, beta-caryophyllene,
alpha-humulene, linalool, trans-ocimene, beta-pinene, fenchol,
alpha-terpineol, alpha-pinene and myrcene; 2) The estimated
concentration of the total THC.sub.max, CBD.sub.max, and
CBG.sub.max is about 18.77-23.19%, about 0%, and about 0.98-1.78%,
respectively, at the time of assaying metabolites from flower
samples of `LEMON CRUSH OG`; and 3) Harvest interval, i.e. at 56-70
days under short day conditions.
Terpene and cannabinoid profiles of `LEMON CRUSH OG` demonstrate
that `LEMON CRUSH OG` has a phenotypically unique profile,
particularly insofar as to the level of terpenes and cannabinoids.
This data is presented in tabular form in Table 1.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Ranges of Active Cannabinoids and Terpenes
Ranges of Active Cannabinoids (% by weight) Max THC 18.77-23.19%
Max CBD 0.00% Terpenes (% by weight) thujene 0.00% trans-ocimene
0.15-0.33% alpha-pinene 0.09-0.17% gamma-terpinene 0.00% camphene
0.02-0.03% linalool oxide 0.00-0.01% sabinene 0.00% terpinolene
0.01-0.02% beta-pinene 0.14-0.20% linalool 0.20-0.44% myrcene
0.07-0.13% fenchol 0.09-0.16% alpha-phellandrene 0.00% MT_1124
0.06-0.11% carene 0.00% isoborneol 0.00-0.02% alpha-terpinene 0.00%
(-) borneol 0.02-0.04% limonene 0.81-1.26% hexyl butyrate 0.00%
beta-phellandrene 0.00% alpha-terpineol 0.08-0.15% cineole
0.00-0.01% hexyl hexanoate N/A cis-ocimene 0.00-0.01% citronellol
0.00-0.01% Ranges of Active Cannabinoids (% by weight) Max THC Max
CBG 0.98-1.78% Terpenes (% by weight) thujene hexyl hexanoate
0.04-0.08% alpha-pinene octyl butyrate 0.00% camphene
beta-caryophyllene 0.52-0.89% sabinene alpha-humulene 0.31-0.50%
beta-pinene cis-nerolidol 0.00-0.02% myrcene trans-nerolidol
0.00-0.04% alpha-phellandrene caryophyllene oxide 0.01-0.02% carene
alpha-bisabolol 0.00-0.01% alpha-terpinene nerol 0.00% limonene
geraniol 0.00% beta-phellandrene geranyl-acetate 0.00-0.02% cineole
methyl-eugenol 0.00-0.02% cis-ocimene Total Terpenes 3.23-4.07%
The cannabis plant named `LEMON CRUSH OG` has a complement of
terpenes, including but not limited to, relatively high levels of
limonene, beta-caryophyllene, alpha-humulene, linalool,
trans-ocimene, beta-pinene, fenchol, alpha-terpineol, alpha-pinene
and myrcene compared to other terpene compounds. This unique
combination of differently concentrated terpenes further
distinguishes `LEMON CRUSH OG` from other varieties in its odor,
its medical qualities, and its effects on mood and mentation.
Asexual Reproduction
Asexual reproduction, also known as "cloning", is a process well
known to those of ordinary skill in the art of cannabis production
and breeding and includes the following steps.
The cannabis cultivar disclosed herein is asexually propagated via
taking cuttings of shoots and putting them in rock wool cubes.
These cubes are presoaked with pH adjusted water and kept warm
(.about.80.degree. F.). Full trays are covered, left under 18 hours
of light and allowed to root (7-14 days). Upon root onset, the
plantlets are transplanted into rigid 1 gallon containers filled
with a proprietary soil mix A and remain in 18 hours of daylight
for another 14-21 days. Once root-bound, plants are transplanted
into rigid 3 gallon containers filled with proprietary soil mix B.
Immediately, the light cycle is altered to 12/12 and flower
initiating begins. The plants remain in 12/12 lighting until
harvesting. They undergo a propriety nutrient regimen and grow as
undisturbed as possible for 60-70 days depending on chemotype
analysis.
All sun leaves are removed and the plant is dismantled to result in
approximately 12'' branches covered in inflorescences and
trichomes. The goal in harvesting is to actually harvest trichome
heads but not `buds`. Thus, great care is taken not to disturb the
trichome heads and as much of the plant remains intact as possible
to promote even and slow drying. Slow drying is followed by a one
to two months curing process.
Observation of the all female progenies of the original plant has
demonstrated that this new and distinct cultivar has fulfilled the
objectives and that its distinctive characteristics are firmly
fixed and hold true from generation to generation vegetatively
propagated from the original plant.
Under careful observation, the unique characteristics of the new
cultivar have been uniform, stable and reproduced true to type in
successive generations of asexual reproduction.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The accompanying color photographs depict characteristics of the
new `LEMON CRUSH OG` plants as nearly true as possible to make
color reproductions. The overall appearance of the `LEMON CRUSH OG`
plants in the photographs is shown in the colors that may differ
slightly from the color values described in the detailed botanical
description.
FIG. 1 shows an overall view of the `LEMON CRUSH OG ` plant from
the side.
FIG. 2A shows an overall view of the female parental cultivar BLK03
(pollen acceptor; B3) from above.
FIG. 2B shows an overall view of the male parental cultivar SLV09
(pollen donor; S9) from above.
FIG. 2C shows an overall view of the `LEMON CRUSH OG` plant from
above.
FIG. 3A shows top parts (including inflorescence) of the female
parental cultivar BLK03 (pollen acceptor; B3) from the side.
FIG. 3B shows top parts (including inflorescence) of the male
parental cultivar SLV09 (pollen donor; S9) from the side.
FIG. 3C shows top parts (including inflorescence) of the `LEMON
CRUSH OG` plant from the side.
FIGS. 4A and 4B show a close view of flowers of the `LEMON CRUSH
OG` plant at premature and/or early floral stage.
FIGS. 5A and 5B show a close view of flowers of the `LEMON CRUSH
OG` plant at the early and/or peak floral stage.
FIGS. 6A and 6B show a close view of flowers of the `LEMON CRUSH
OG` plant at the late floral and/or senescence stage.
FIG. 7 shows another close view of flowers of the `LEMON CRUSH OG`
plant at the late floral and/or senescence stage.
DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION
`LEMON CRUSH OG` has not been observed under all possible
environmental conditions, and the phenotype may vary significantly
with variations in environment. The following observations,
measurements, and comparisons describe this plant as grown at
Salinas, Calif., when grown in the greenhouse, nursery or field,
unless otherwise noted.
Plants for the botanical measurements in the present application
are annual plants. In the following description, the color
determination is in accordance with The Royal Horticultural Society
Colour Chart, 2007 Edition, except where general color terms of
ordinary dictionary significance are used.
The cannabis plant disclosed herein was derived from female and
male parents that are said to have been internally designated as
below.
A GNBR internal Code of the cannabis plant named `LEMON CRUSH OG`
is B3.S9.09. The variety name of `LEMON CRUSH OG` is
BLK03.SLV09.09. `LEMON CRUSH OG` is a fertile hybrid derived from a
controlled-cross between two proprietary cultivars BLK03 (pollen
accepter; female parent; also known as B3) and SLV09 (pollen donor;
male parent; also known as S9). A GNBR Breeding Code is
(B03)x(S09).09. The initial cross between two parental cultivars
was made in May 2015. The phenotypic criteria to select a new and
distinct cannabis cultivar disclosed herein is as follows:
structure score, nose/organoleptic, mold susceptibility/resistance,
and insect susceptibility/resistance. Also, the first asexual
propagation of `LEMON CRUSH OG` occurred on Sep. 26, 2016 in
Salinas, Calif.
The following traits in combination further distinguish the
cannabis cultivar `LEMON CRUSH OG` from check varieties, which are
the female and male parents of the cannabis cultivar disclosed and
claimed herein. Tables 2 to 6 present phenotypic traits and/or
characteristics of `LEMON CRUSH OG` compared to those of the
parental check varieties, `BLK03` (B3) and `SLV09` (S9), as
follows. `BLK03` and `B3` indicate the same female parental
variety, while `SLV09` and `S9` indicate the same male parental
variety. All plants were raised together and evaluated when 93-100
days old (i.e., the day range for propagation, vegetative, and
flowering times).
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 General Characteristics Parental Parental
Charac- variety (B3) variety (S9) teristics New Variety (Female
plant) (Male plant) Plant life An herbaceous An herbaceous An
herbaceous forms plant (herb) plant (herb) plant (herb) Plant
growth An upright, An upright, An upright, habit tap-rooted
tap-rooted tap-rooted annual plant annual plant annual plant Plant
origin BLK03 (B3) .times. GLD13 .times. BSIA (NL#5 .times. SLV09
(S9) SB Purps) .times. (GlD13) Plant Asexually Asexually Asexually
propagation propagated by propagated by propagated by stem cuttings
stem cuttings stem cuttings and cloning and cloning and cloning
Propagation Easy Moderate Moderate ease Height l.5-4 m 0.5-2.5 m
2.0-3.5 m Width 89 cm 119.5 cm 56 cm Plant vigor High Medium Medium
Time to 11 weeks 8 weeks 11 weeks Harvest Resistance Resistant to
pest Resistant Resistant to pests or as follows; Non-Resistant
Non-Resistant diseases (1) Two-spotted spider to two spotted to
Aphid mite such as spider species, Tetranychus urticae mite or
aphids, Lepidoptera, (Koch); (2) Aphids white y, white y, species
such as but resistant but resistant Cannabis Aphid to Lepidoptera
to two spotted (Phorodon cannabis), species spider mite Green Peach
Aphid (Myzus persicae (Sulzer)), Foxglove Aphid (Aulacorthum
solani), Peach Aphid (Macrosiphum euphorbiae), and Black Bean Aphid
(Aphis fabae); (3) White y (Trialeurodes vaporariorum); (4)
Lepidoptera species such as Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda);
Cabbage Whites (Pieris rapae); Painted Lady (Vanessa cardui); and
Lepidoptera sp. Resistant to Diseases: Botrytis/Flower Rot
(Botrytis cinerea); Powdery Mildew (Podosphaera xanthii)
Genetically- NO NO NO modified organism
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Leaf/Foliage Parental Parental variety (B3)
variety (S9) Characteristics New Variety (Female plant) (Male
plant) Leaf Alternate Alternate Alternate arrangement Leaf shape
Palmately Palmately Palmately compound compound compound Leaf
structure Linear- Linear- Linear- lanceolate leaflet lanceolate
leaflet lanceolate leaflet blades with blades with blades with
glandular hairs glandular hairs glandular hairs Leaf margins
Dentate, Dentate, Dentate, coarsely serrated, coarsely serrated,
coarsely serrated, and the teeth and the teeth and the teeth point
towards point towards point towards the tip the tip the tip Leaf
hairs Present Present Present Leaf length 19.1 cm 16.6 cm 9.5 cm
with petiole at maturity Leaf width at 13.5 cm 10.7 cm 9.3 cm
maturity Petiole length 5.5 cm 6.5 cm 2.0 cm at maturity Petiole
color 149B 140C 149C (RHS No.) Intensity of Absent Present- Absent
petiole (vegetative Moderately throughout anthocyanin stage);
(vegetative stage); entire life very strong very strong cycle (late
flowering (late flowering stage) stage) Stipule length 0.5 cm 0.7
cm 0.4 cm at maturity Stipule shape Acute-bulbous Elliptical
Scale-like-linear Stipule color 149C 149B 149A (RHS No.) No. of
leaflets 3-9 5-7 3-5 Middle largest 13.4 cm 9.8 cm 7.6 cm (longest)
leaflet length Middle largest 2.6-7.4 cm 2.3 cm 1.8 cm (longest)
leaflet width Middle largest 13.4:2.6- 9.8:2.3 7.6:1.8 (longest)
leaflet 13.4:7.4 length/width ratio No. teeth of 29 25 23 middle
leaflet (average) Leaf (upper 139A 132A 135B side) color (RHS No.)
Leaf (lower 139C 134D 135B side) color (RHS No.) Leaf glossiness
Weak Strong Weak Vein/midrib Obliquely Obliquely Obliquely shape
continuous continuous continuous throughout throughout throughout
leaflet leaflet leaflet Vein/midrib 150D 144C 154D color Aroma
Citrus zest with Spicy Earthy, but chocolate and bitter ginger
undertones n/a: not available
TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Stem Parental Parental Charac- variety (B3)
variety (S9) teristics New Variety (Female plant) (Male plant) Stem
shape Hollow, ribbed, Hollow, ribbed, Hollow, glandular, large
textured ribbed Stem 2.5 cm 2.8 cm 1.9 cm diameter at base Stem
color 139D N144D 195C (RHS No.) Depth of main Shallow Absent Medium
stem ribs/grooves Internode length 5.5-11.4 cm 2.4-4.9 cm 7.2-14.7
cm n/a: not available
TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Inflorescence (Female/Pistillate Flowers)
Parental Parental Charac- variety (B3) variety (S9) teristics New
Variety (Female plant) (Male plant) Flowering Elongated Cymes,
Cymes, (blooming) compound from 0.3-1.0 m from 0.8-2.8 m habit
spikes, from in length in length 0.5-2.2 m in length Proportion
100% 100% 100% of female plants Inflores- Above Even Above cence
position Flower Cymose (terminal Cymose (terminal Cymose (terminal
arrangement bud matures, bud matures, bud matures, while while
while lateral flowers lateral flowers lateral flowers mature
thereafter) mature thereafter) mature thereafter) Number of 50-150
per cyme 80-120 per cyme 100-200 per cyme flowers per (i.e. female
flower) plant Flower More or less Calaratre- Calaratre- shape
sessile and are urceolate urceolate borne in racemes; a small green
a small green calcaratre- bract enclosing bract enclosing
urceolate; a the ovary with the ovary with small green bract two
long, two long, enclosing the slender stigmas slender stigmas ovary
with projecting well projecting well two long, above the bract
above the bract slender stigmas projecting well above the bract
Flower 0.5 cm 0.7 cm 1.0 cm (individual pistillate) length Flower
4.5 cm 3.8 cm 3.2 cm (compound cyme) diameter Bract shape Urceolate
Urceolate Urceolate Bract size 0.4-1.0 cm 0.2-0.8 cm 0.4-1.3 cm
Bract color 142C N134C 143C (RHS No.) Calyx shape No defined calyx
No defined calyx No defined calyx Calyx color 142A 135C 143C (RHS
No.) Stigma Linear-lanceolate Acute Linear shape Stigma 3.1 mm 2.2
mm 5.1 mm length Stigma color 157C 159D 157D (RHS No.) Trichome
Capitate-stalked Capitate-stalked Capitate-stalked shape glandular
glandular glandular Trichome 157A at day 40 157A at day 40 in 157A
at day 40 in color in flowering flowering flowering (RHS No.)
(capitate-stalked glandular trichomes) Other types Capitate sessile
Capitate sessile Capitate sessile of trichomes trichomes trichomes
trichomes are present are present are present on the leaves of on
the leaves of on the leaves of plants, as well as plants, as well
as plants, as well as being noticed being noticed being noticed in
the owers in the owers in the owers (color: 157A (color: 157A
(color: 157A at day 40 in at day 40 in at day 40 in owering).
owering). owering). During later During later During later owering,
owering, owering, i.e. day i.e. day i.e. day 55 to day 70 in 48 to
day 60 in 55 to day 70 in owering, capitate owering, capitate
owering, capitate stalked trichomes stalked trichomes stalked
trichomes are present are present are present (color: N30B).
(color: N30B). (color: N30B). Bulbous and Bulbous and Bulbous and
non-glandular non-glandular non-glandular trichomes are also
trichomes are also trichomes are also present and most present and
most present and most noticeable on the noticeable on the
noticeable on the petioles, stems, petioles, stems, petioles,
stems, and leaves and leaves and leaves (color: 157A). (color:
157A). (color: 157A). Terminal Elliptical Oblong Elliptical bud
shape Terminal 136B 203C 136D bud color (RMS No.) Pedicel Absent
Absent Absent Staminate n/a n/a n/a shape Pollen Absent Absent
Absent description Seed Shape Textured and Smooth and Globular
globular globular Seed size/ 2.1-2.8 mm 1.8-2.3 mm, 2.8-3.3 mm
length Marbling Absent (non- Absent (non- Absent (non- of seed
existent) existent) existent) Petal Apetalous (This Apetalous
Apetalous description part is fused and appressed to the base of
the ovary with the calyx and the perianth in the cannabis flowers)
Petal Free n/a n/a arrangement Max THC About 18.77- About 18.88-
About 16.11- content 23.19% 19.37% 18.21% Max CBD 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
content Max CBG About 0.98-1.78% About 0.84-0.91% About 0.67-0.95%
content n/a: not available
TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Other Characteristics Parental Parental
Charac- variety (B3) variety (S9) teristics New Variety (Female
plant) (Male plant) Time 9-11 weeks 7-9 weeks 9-11 weeks period and
condition of flowering/ blooming Hardiness Hardy to Hardy to Hardy
to of plant 25.degree. F.-ambient 25.degree. F.-ambient 25.degree.
F.-ambient temperature temperature temperature Breaking Flexible,
resistant Strong, non- Flexible, resistant action to breakage
flexible to breakage Rooting rate 99%-vigorous 70%-moderate
70%-moderate after cutting/ cloning Types of Stem Stem Stem Cutting
for Cloning (stem, leaf, root etc.) Shipping High Moderate Moderate
quality if available Storage life if Long (3-8 Medium (3-6 Short
(1-4 available months with months with months with minor changes
minor changes minor changes in physical in physical in physical
appearance and/ appearance and/ appearance and/ or smell taste) or
smell taste) or smell taste) Productivity Aprroximately
Aprroximately Aprroximately of flower if 0.23-0.9 0.14-0.45
0.09-0.59 available kg can be kg can be kg can be produced produced
produced per plant, per plant, per plant, dependent on dependent on
dependent on finished finished finished plant size (1.0- plant size
(0.6- plant size (1.2- 4.0 m); Growing 1.2 m); Growing 4.0 m);
Growing conditions/ conditions/ conditions/ environment environment
environment will dictate final will dictate final will dictate
final yield/output yield/output yield/output n/a: not available
LEMON CRUSH OG is larger in width and height than both parents (B3
and S9). LEMON CRUSH OG is more robust in terms of growing
performance, time to rooted clones, greater resistance to pest and
disease, stronger branches, higher yielding, and overall better
performing as it clearly demonstrates hybrid vigor, and therefore
outperforms both parents (B3 and S9).
Specifically, when `LEMON CRUSH OG` is compared to the proprietary
female parent (`BLK03`), `LEMON CRUSH OG` is taller in plant
height, but narrower in plant width than `BLK03`. Generally, `LEMON
CRUSH OG` shows higher plant vigor than `BLK03`. `LEMON CRUSH OG`
has longer and wider leaflets than `BLK03` when compared their
middle largest leaflet length and width as well as whole leaf
length and width. Also, `LEMON CRUSH OG` has more teeth numbers in
middle leaflet than `BLK03`. Regarding petiole and stipule length
at maturity, `LEMON CRUSH OG` is shorter than `BLK03`. Regarding
stem diameter at base, `LEMON CRUSH OG` is in general shorter than
`BLK03`. When comparing individual flower length and compound cyme
diameter, `LEMON CRUSH OG` is shorter than `BLK03` in individual
pistillate length, but longer in compound cyme diameter. With
respect to aroma, `LEMON CRUSH OG` has a citrus zest smell with
chocolate and ginger undertone, while `BLK03` has a generally spicy
smell.
When `LEMON CRUSH OG` is compared to the proprietary male parent
(`SLV09`), `LEMON CRUSH OG` is wider than `SLV09` in plant width.
`LEMON CRUSH OG` shows higher plant vigor than `SLV09` showing a
medium vigor like `BLK03`. `LEMON CRUSH OG` has longer and wider
leaflets than `SLV09` when compared their middle largest leaflet
length and width. Also, `LEMON CRUSH OG` has more teeth numbers in
middle leaflet than `BLK03`. Regarding petiole and stipule length
at maturity, `LEMON CRUSH OG` is longer than `SLV09`, opposite to
those features of `BLK03`. Regarding stem diameter at base, `LEMON
CRUSH OG` is something either longer than `SLV09`. When comparing
individual flower length and compound cyme diameter, `LEMON CRUSH
OG` is shorter than `SLV09` in individual pistillate length, but
longer in compound cyme diameter. In terms of aroma, `LEMON CRUSH
OG` has a citrus zest smell with chocolate and ginger undertone,
while `SLV09` has an earthy but bitter smell.
When `LEMON CRUSH OG` is compared to the known cannabis plant named
`ECUADORIAN SATIVA` (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 27,475), there are several
distinctive characteristics. For example, `LEMON CRUSH OG` plant is
taller and wider than the `ECUADORIAN SATIVA` plant. `LEMON CRUSH
OG` plant has a shorter petiole at maturity than the `ECUADORIAN
SATIVA` plant. While the aroma of `ECUADORIAN SATIVA` is strongly
mephitic with hints of limonene, `LEMON CRUSH OG` has a citrus zest
smell with chocolate and ginger undertone. Individual pistillate
flowers of `LEMON CRUSH OG` are slightly longer than those of
`ECUADORIAN SATIVA`. When comparing total THC content between
`LEMON CRUSH OG` and `ECUADORIAN SATIVA`, the total THC content of
`LEMON CRUSH OG` is between 18.77-23.19%, while `ECUADORIAN SATIVA`
accumulates 12.45% total THC.
The following is a detailed description of the new cultivar of
`LEMON CRUSH OG`. The following description is for plants that are
93-100 days old as of the time of the measurements. General
description: Plant life form and habit.--An herbaceous, upright,
tap-rooted annual plant. Classification: Denomination.--`LEMON
CRUSH OG`. Species.--Cannabis hybrid. Origin, form, and growth
characteristics: Origin.--Progeny of the cross between BLK03 (B3)
and SLV09 (S9). Propagation.--The strain is asexually propagated by
stem cutting and cloning. Propagation ease.--Easy. Plant:
Height.--1.5-4 m. Width.--89 cm. Vigor.--High (very vigorous). Pest
susceptibility.--Resistant to pest as follows; (1) Two-spotted
spider mite such as Tetranychus urticae (Koch); (2) Aphids species
such as Cannabis Aphid (Phorodon cannabis), Green Peach Aphid
(Myzus persicae (Sulzer)), Foxglove Aphid (Aulacorthum solani),
Peach Aphid (Macrosiphum euphorbiae), and Black Bean Aphid (Aphis
fabae); (3) Whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum); (4) Lepidoptera
species such as Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda); Cabbage Whites
(Pieris rapae); Painted Lady (Vanessa cardui); and Lepidoptera sp.
Disease susceptibility.--Resistant to diseases such as
Botrytis/Flower Rot (Botrytis cinerea); Powdery Mildew (Podosphaera
xanthii). Time to harvest.--11 weeks. Genetically modified
organism.--No. Leaf/foliage: Structure.--Linear-lanceolate leaflet
blades with glandular hairs. Shape.--Palmately compound.
Arrangement.--Alternate. Margin.--Dentate, coarsely serrated, and
the teeth point towards the tip. Hair.--Present. Leaf (with
petiole) length at maturity.--19.1 cm. Leaf width at
maturity.--13.5 cm. Number of leaflets.--3-9. Middle largest
leaflet length.--13.4 cm. Middle largest leaflet width.--2.6-7.4
cm. Middle largest leaflet length/width ration.--13.4:2.6-13.4:7.4.
Number of teeth of middle leaflet (average).--29. Color.--Upper
side -- 139A. Color.--Lower side -- 139C. Leaf glossiness.--Weak.
Veins/midrib shape.--Obliquely continuous throughout leaflet.
Vein/midrib color.--150D. Petiole: Petiole length.--5.5 cm. Petiole
color.--149B. Intensity of petiole anthocyanin.--Absent (vegetative
stage); very strong (late flowering stage). Stipule
shape.--Acute-bulbous. Stipule length.--0.5 cm. Stipule
color.--149C. Stem: Shape.--Hollow, ribbed, and large.
Diameter.--2.5 cm at base. Color.--139D. Depth of main stem
ribs/grooves.--Shallow. Internode length.--5.5-11.4 cm.
Inflorescence: Blooming/flowering habit.--Cymes from 0.5-2.2 m in
length. Inflorescence position relative to foliage.--Above. Flower
arrangement.--Cymose. Number of flowers per plant.--50-150 per
Cymes. Flowers: Shape.--Calcaratre-urceolate calcaratre-urceolate;
a small green bract enclosing the ovary with two long, slender
stigmas projecting well above the bract. Flower (individual
pistillate) length.--0.5 mm. Flower (compound cyme) diameter.--4.5
cm. Corolla shape.--The inner envelope of floral leaves of a
flower, of delicate texture and of some color other than green.
Corolla size.--0.1-0.3 cm. Corolla color.--N/A. Bract
shape.--Urceolate. Bract size.--0.4-1.0 cm. Bract color.--142C.
Stigma shape.--Linear-lanceolate. Stigma length.--3.1 mm. Stigma
color.--157C. Trichome shape.--Capitate-stalked glandular. Trichome
color.--157A at day 40 in flowering. Other types of
trichome.--Capitate sessile trichomes (color: 157A at day 40 in
flowering)are present on the leaves of plants, as well as being
noticed in the flowers; During later flowering (day 55 to day 70 in
flowering), capitate stalked trichomes (color: N30B) are present;
Bulbous and non-glandular trichomes (color: 157A) are also present
and most noticeable on the petioles, sterns, and leaves. Cola
(terminal bud).--Elliptical. Cola (terminal bud) color.--136B.
Pedicel.--Absent. Pedicel color.--N/A. Staminate flower.--N/A.
Pollen.--Absent. Seed shape.--Textured and globular. Seed
size/length.--2.1 to 2.8 mm. Marbling of seed.--Absent
(non-existent). Petal.--Apetalous; This part is fused and appressed
to the base of the ovary with the calyx and the perianth in the
cannabis flowers. Petal arrangement.--Free. Other characteristics:
Aroma.--Citrus zest with chocolate and ginger undertones.
Flowering/blooming period.--9-11 weeks. Hardiness.--Hardy to
25.degree. F-ambient temperature. Breaking action.--Flexible,
resistant to breakage. Rooting rate after cutting/cloning.--99%
vigorous. Types of cutting for cloning.--Stem. Shipping
quality.--High. Storage life.--Long (3-8 months with minor changes
in physical appearance and/or smell/taste). Productivity of
flower.--Approximately 0.23-0.9 kg can be produced per plant,
dependent on finished plant size (1.0-4.0 m). Market
use.--Medicinal.
* * * * *
References