U.S. patent number PP30,129 [Application Number 15/530,644] was granted by the patent office on 2019-01-22 for ilex interspecific hybrid named `cr195-115`.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey. The grantee listed for this patent is RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY. Invention is credited to Thomas J. Molnar, Elwin R. Orton.
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United States Patent |
PP30,129 |
Orton , et al. |
January 22, 2019 |
Ilex interspecific hybrid named `CR195-115`
Abstract
`CR195-115` is a new and distinct cultivar of interspecific,
hybrid evergreen holly distinguished by its small spineless leaves
and narrowly conical single-trunk tree form, which is highly
dissimilar to other forms of Ilex. Its parentage includes four
species (Ilex crenata, I. aquifolium, I. pernyi, and I. rugosa),
further distinguishing it from other cultivars. Plants are
winter-hardy in USDA Hardiness Zone 6b and exhibit a moderate rate
of growth, develop an upright, densely-branched narrow conical form
of compact size, and produce an abundance of well-displayed shiny
black fruit.
Inventors: |
Orton; Elwin R. (Millstone,
NJ), Molnar; Thomas J. (New Brunswick, NJ) |
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY |
New Brunswick |
NJ |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
Rutgers, The State University of
New Jersey (New Brunswick, NJ)
|
Family
ID: |
63105002 |
Appl.
No.: |
15/530,644 |
Filed: |
February 13, 2017 |
Prior Publication Data
|
|
|
|
Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
|
US 20180235129 P1 |
Aug 16, 2018 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
PLT/247 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A01H
5/12 (20130101); A01H 6/00 (20180501) |
Current International
Class: |
A01H
5/00 (20180101); A01H 6/00 (20180101); A01H
5/12 (20180101) |
Field of
Search: |
;PLT/247 |
Other References
JC Raulston Arboretum at NC State University, JC Raulston Arboretum
Plant Sale 2016, retrieved on Mar. 7, 2018, retrieved from the
Internet at
https://jcra.ncsu.edu/horticulture/sales/plant-sale/index.php?year=2016,
2 pp. (Year: 2016). cited by examiner .
Patti O, retrieved on Mar. 7, 2018, retrieved from the Internet at
http://tmsearch.uspto.gov/bin/showfield?f=doc&state=4801:hp1ita.3.1,
2 pp. (Year: 2018). cited by examiner.
|
Primary Examiner: Hwu; June
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Daugherty; Patrick J. Daugherty
& Del Zoppo Co., LPA
Claims
We claim:
1. A new and distinct variety of interspecific hybrid holly plant
named `CR-195-115`, substantially as illustrated and described
herein.
Description
Latin name of genus and species of the plant claimed: Ilex
interspecific hybrid.
Variety denomination: `CR195-115`.
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
NONE
STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT
NONE
Description
Botanical designation: Ilex crenata x (Ilex x aquipernyi x Ilex
rugosa)
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This new cultivar is the product of a long standing program of
hybridization and selection of interspecific hybrid hollies (Ilex)
at a location in New Brunswick, N.J.; in this instance, it is the
result of a controlled cross of Ilex crenata `Sky Pencil` with Ilex
x `Jersey Jewel` (I. x aquipernyi x I. rugosa). Our breeding
objective was to create an evergreen holly with a desirable and
unique upright and compact tree form and other characteristics
which would make it commercially attractive with the potential for
wide distribution. We believe that we have been successful in
achieving this goal. Further, to our knowledge, plants of these
four species combination have not been reported previously.
We selected the particular seedling hereof from known progeny grown
in a cultivated area, and as a result, have in turn caused the same
to be asexually reproduced by the rooting of stem cuttings. The
reproduction, growth, and selection of the new cultivar and its
asexually propagated clones took place in the vicinity of Adelphia,
Millstone, and New Brunswick, N.J. The claimed cultivar is stable
and reproducible true-to-type in successive generations of asexual
reproduction.
The description which follows will be understood as clearly
defining the new cultivar, the desirable characteristics of which
are the result of such a program as has been heretofore stated.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Our invention, designated here as `CR195-115`, is a novel, unique,
and highly ornamental form of interspecific hybrid Ilex which
originated by crossing Ilex crenata `Sky Pencil` (unpatented) with
Ilex x `Jersey Jewel` (unpatented). `Jersey Jewel` is the result of
a cross of I. x aquipernyi `San Jose` x I. rugosa R9-1 (PI 276084).
The new cultivar was derived from a controlled pollination made in
June, 1992. The seed was harvested that same year and germinated in
April, 1993. The resulting seedling was transplanted to
progressively larger containers and was finally transplanted to the
field at a Research and Extension Farm in Adelphia, Monmouth
County, N.J. in 1996 in the location of Field 71, Row 31, Plant 7.
The original seedling of `CR195-115`, tested under the
identification code of CR195-115, was asexually propagated in 2001
and subsequently tested in New Brunswick and Millstone, N.J., and
shown to be true-to-type.
The new cultivar exhibits the following combination of traits: (a)
a moderately vigorous, dense, and self-compacting evergreen tree
with a single trunk and very upright, narrowly conical form of much
less width and depth than that of all forms of Ilex crenata known
to us; (b) small, non-spiny I. crenata-like evergreen leaves that
are primarily obovate with a rounded base, serrate margin, and
obtuse apices; (c) an abundance of pistillate flowers well
positioned on shoots of the previous year's growth that provide a
well distributed and consistently abundant set of fruit that
matures to a shiny black color in the early fall and then
persisting throughout the winter; (d) winter hardiness in New
Jersey (USDA hardiness Zone 6b); and (e) low susceptibility to
disease and insect pests.
In a production environment, plants of `CR195-115` develop an
upright, dense, self-compacting, narrowly-conical growth habit with
single trunk and strong apical dominance without corrective
pruning. Their tall, narrow stature relative to the broader tree
form typical of plants of I. crenata makes them useful in a wider
range of landscape settings. It is clearly distinguished from its
parent `Jersey Jewel` based on its contrasting single trunk,
upright narrowly conical growing habit (`Jersey Jewel` is a
small-statured, dwarf plant with compact short growth best suited
for rock gardens and bonsai applications) and from patented and/or
commercially available cultivars of upright I. crenata and other
Ilex interspecific hybrids with somewhat similar plant forms in the
following respects:
Plants of the `CR195-115` are very narrowly conical in growth habit
with a tall single leader whereas plants of I. crenata `Sky Pencil`
(not patented) are narrowly columnar in plant form typically with
multiple leaders. `CR195-115` is also much taller as a mature plant
than `Sky Pencil` (`CR195-115` reaches 3.63 m at 15 years). The
leaves of `Sky Pencil` are also longer and wider than those of
`CR195-115`.
`CR195-115` differs from I. crenata `Steeds` (not patented) by
being much more narrowly conical and tall, whereas `Steeds` is
broadly conical being wider at all points of growth from base to
apex. `Steeds`, a male holly, lacks a fruit display and also has
larger leaves in both length and width that are a slightly darker
green color and are glossier than those of `CR195-115`.
`Rutholl` (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 23,905 P2), Trademark name Emerald
Colonnade.RTM., is a male plant (has no fruit display). `Rutholl`
is much wider than `CR195-115` in growth habit (somewhat broadly
conical), also being widest at the central area of the plant, with
a rounded base and conical apex, whereas `CR195-115` is widest near
its base and narrowly conical throughout with a very narrow apex.
Leaves of `Rutholl` are longer and wider than those of
`CR195-115`.
`Farrowone` (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 20,049 P2), Trademark name Sky
Pointer.RTM., has leaves that are longer than `CR195-115` although
similar in width. `Farrowone` is not known to produce fruit,
whereas `CR195-115` produces large amounts of well-displayed black
fruit even on young trees (only one or two years from a rooted
cutting from a mature tree). `FarrowSK6` (U.S. Plant Pat. No.
25,852 P2), Trademark name Patti O.RTM., has slightly smaller
leaves on average in both length and width than `CR195-115`.
However, like `Farrowone` there is no fruit display observed on
plants of `FarrowSK6`, whereas `CR195-115` produces abundant
fruit.
BRIEF DESCRIPTIONS OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 illustrates the growth habit of a 15-year-old plant. FIG. 1
on the left was taken in July and FIG. 1 on the right taken in
November.
FIG. 2 illustrates typical leaves and fruit display of the new
cultivar in November.
FIG. 3 is a close up of heavy fruit production on 4-year-old
cutting-produced plant in November.
The color definitions in the specification have been taken from The
R.H.S. Colour Chart (1966) of The Royal Horticultural Society,
London, England. The colors depicted are believed to be of a high
level of color fidelity and are believed to be as close to the
actual coloration of the plant as possible in a photographic
illustration of this quality. However, due to factors such as light
reflectance, cultural conditions, and horticultural practices, the
coloration of this plant should be understood to be approximate.
For example, the leaf color may vary depending on the composition
and the concentration of fertilizer applied to the plant.
BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PLANT
The following is a detailed description of our new cultivar of
interspecific hybrid Ilex made from observation of a 15-year-old
cutting-grown plant existing in the vicinity of Millstone, N.J.
Parentage: Ilex crenata `Sky Pencil` x `Jersey Jewel` (I. x
aquipernyi `San Jose` x I. rugosa H9-1).
Pollinator: can be pollinated by a staminate plant of either Ilex
crenata, Ilex aquifolium, Ilex pernyi, Ilex rugosa, Ilex x
aquipernyi, or Ilex x meserveae with a synchronous flowering
period.
Plant growth characteristics: Plants have an upright, narrowly
conical habit with 15-year field-grown plants attaining a size of
3.63 m in height and 1.1 m in width at its widest point (0.76 m
from ground) under conditions of minimal fertilization and minimal
supplemental irrigation. Plants establish a dominant central trunk,
and branching is dense and self-compacting with very little or no
pruning. The diameter of the tree trunk of a 15-year-old plant at
10 cm above the soil level is 14.0 cm. The bark texture of the
trunk is smooth and the color is Greyed-Green Group 197B close to
the base, lightening to Greyed-Green Group 197C higher up on the
trunk. Plants bear abundant crops of black berries annually which
are well displayed among the green to light-green, slightly serrate
leaves which retain their color even when bearing a heavy crop of
fruit.
A plant in the mature phase (flowering) can be achieved in one year
from a rooted cutting taken from a plant in the mature phase. The
subsequent annual growth rate ranges from 20-30 cm for plants grown
in full sun, varying as indicated depending on climatic conditions,
soil or growing medium type, and cultural practices such as
fertilization and irrigation. Our studies showed that cuttings
rooted in January with bottom heat, intermittent mist, and 0.8% IBA
powder reached an average of 61 cm tall and 27 cm wide (near bottom
1/4 of plant) (n=40) by July of the third growing season (30
months). Field planted six-year-old cuttings grown in full sun
reached an average height of 2.32 m and a width of 0.30 m (n=7).
Foliage: Type.--Evergreen, coriaceous (abaxial and adaxial),
alternate, primarily obovate with rounded base, serrate margin, and
obtuse apices. Prominent stomata underneath (visible punctate
effect under handlens magnification); venation underneath with
invisible secondary and tertiary veins, midvein raised; leaf margin
slightly recurved, entire except for small, separated teeth, 6-9
per side, 0.2-0.3 mm long; leaf teeth deciduous with age.
Size.--Leaf size varies slightly with light intensity and fertility
program where plants are growing. Size is generally in the range of
10-18 mm long and 6-9 mm wide. Petiole.--Approximately 2.0-2.4 mm
long and 0.8-1.0 mm wide, color is closest to Yellow-Green Group
146C. Color.--Mature growth, upper surface -- closest to between
Green Group 137A and 137B; lower surface -- Yellow-Green Group
146B. New growth, upper surface -- closest to Yellow-Green Group
146C; lower surface -- closest to Yellow-Green Group 144A. Stems:
Color.--New growth in spring and summer is closest to Yellow-Green
Group 144A. One-year-old stems are closest to Yellow-Green Group
146B and 146C; older branches and the central stem are primarily
Greyed-Green Group 197B, and the base of the tree trunk is closest
to Greyed-Green Group 197C. Numerous, dense, tightly angled
branches, typically angled around 55-65.degree.. Current season's
growth is 2.5-3.5 mm in diameter. One-year-old branch is typically
8.0 to 15.0 cm in length and 3.0-4.0 mm in diameter. Older wood is
progressively larger in diameter. Pubescence present as small,
white hairs on branches, pedicels, and petioles. Inflorescence:
Inflorescence.--2-3-flowered, axillary, cymose. Dormant flower bud
is ovoid in shape, approximately 2.0 mm tall and 1.0 mm wide, and
placed on 3.5 to 4.0 mm high peduncles (1.0 mm wide) both the color
of Green Group 137 B. As flower buds start to expand and break
dormancy, color lightens to between Yellow-Green Group 151 A and B.
Bracts acuminate to long-acuminate. Pedicel with 2 small bracts
near base, green. Flowers are actinomorphic, 4-merous, bisexual.
Calyx.--4-merous, shallowly campanulate, white to light-yellow;
broadly obovate; lobes free except at very base, 0.5-0.6 mm long,
1.0-1.2 mm wide; margin erose, hyaline. Corolla.--4-merous, rotate.
Gynoecium.--1.5 mm high (including stigma), ovoid, light yellow in
color; stigma sessile, fleshy, 4-lobed, 0.5 mm high, 1.0 mm wide. 1
pistil. Stamens.--4, inserted in corolla lobe sinuses; filaments
1.0 mm long; anthers broadly sagittate (upside v- shaped), thecae
lack pollen (non functional). Inflorescence emerges in late May to
early June depending on temperature. Fruit: Type.--Berry containing
4 woody seeds -- functional. Size.--Rounded, approximately 3.5-4.5
mm diameter, with appressed sepals. Color.--At maturity, fruit are
glossy, closest to Black Group 202A. Environmental
tolerance.--Field grown plants of this new variety exhibit winter
hardiness in U.S.D.A. Plant Hardiness Map (January 1990) Zone 6a
(-10.degree. F.). No insect or disease damage has been observed on
plants growing in the field. Asexual reproduction by cuttings and
grafts of our new variety have been accomplished in the vicinity of
New Brunswick, N.J. The plant reproduces true to type in successive
generations of asexual reproduction.
* * * * *
References