U.S. patent number PP28,020 [Application Number 14/545,114] was granted by the patent office on 2017-05-16 for grapevine named `merlot kanthus`.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Istituto di Genomica Applicata, Universita degli Studi di Udine. The grantee listed for this patent is Istituto di Genomica Applicata, Universita degli Studi di Udine. Invention is credited to Simone Diego Castellarin, Guido Cipriani, Gabriele Di Gaspero, Michele Morgante, Enrico Peterlunger, Raffaele Testolin.
United States Patent |
PP28,020 |
Castellarin , et
al. |
May 16, 2017 |
Grapevine named `MERLOT KANTHUS`
Abstract
A new and distinct variety of grapevine named `MERLOT KANTHUS`,
primarily adapted to the growing conditions of the temperate
regions, and characterized by its medium vigor; erect growth habit;
medium sized, circular shaped leaves; small, conical, medium dense
berry clusters with two middle size wings; blue-black berries with
slightly firm flesh, none to herbaceous taste and none to very weak
flesh coloration; primary use for wine; and resistance to winter
temperatures (to -22.degree. C.), resistance to downy mildew, and
tolerance to powdery mildew.
Inventors: |
Castellarin; Simone Diego
(Vancouver, CA), Cipriani; Guido (Faedis,
IT), Gaspero; Gabriele Di (Cividale del Friuli UD,
IT), Morgante; Michele (Tricesimo UD, IT),
Peterlunger; Enrico (Codroipo UD, IT), Testolin;
Raffaele (Udine, IT) |
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Universita degli Studi di Udine
Istituto di Genomica Applicata |
Udine UD
Udine UD |
N/A
N/A |
IT
IT |
|
|
Assignee: |
Universita degli Studi di Udine
(Udine, IT)
Istituto di Genomica Applicata (Udine, IT)
|
Appl.
No.: |
14/545,114 |
Filed: |
March 27, 2015 |
Prior Publication Data
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|
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Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
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US 20160242337 P1 |
Aug 18, 2016 |
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Foreign Application Priority Data
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Feb 13, 2015 [QZ] |
|
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PBR 2015/0365 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
PLT/205 |
Current International
Class: |
A01H
5/08 (20060101) |
Field of
Search: |
;PLT/205 |
Primary Examiner: Para; Annette
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Foley & Lardner LLP
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A new and distinct grapevine, referred to as `MERLOT KANTHUS`,
as herein described and illustrated by the characteristics set
forth above.
Description
Latin name of the genus and species of the plant claimed:
Vitis.times.vinifera (hybrid).
Variety name: `MERLOT KANTHUS`.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a new and distinct summer/fall
bearing grapevine variety, botanically known as Vitis vinifera, and
hereinafter referred to by the name `MERLOT KANTHUS`.
The new grapevine `MERLOT KANTHUS` is a product of a controlled
breeding program conducted by the inventors in Udine, Italy. The
objective of the breeding program was to deyelop a new grapevine
variety particularly characterized by resistance to cold
(<-20.degree. C.), resistance to downy mildew (Plasmopara
viticola), and tolerance to powdery mildew (Uncinula necator).
The new grapevine `MERLOT KANTHUS` originated from a cross made by
the inventors in 2002 in Udine, Italy. The female or seed parent is
the grapevine variety, Vitis vinifera cv. `Merlot` (unpatented),
and the male or pollen parent is the grapevine variety, Vitis cv.
`20/3` (Bianca.times.SK77-4/5) (unpatented).
The new grapevine `MERLOT KANTHUS` was discovered and selected by
the inventors as a single flowering plant within the progeny of the
stated cross in a controlled environment in 2002 in Udine, Italy.
Asexual reproduction of the new grapevine variety by grafting was
first performed in February 2004 in Rauscedo, Friuli Venezia Giulia
region, Italy, and has demonstrated that the combination of
characteristics as herein disclosed for the new cultivar are firmly
fixed and retained through successive generations of asexual
reproduction. The new cultivar reproduces true to type.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`MERLOT KANTHUS` is primarily adapted to the climate and growing
conditions of the temperate regions with average yearly temperature
about 13.degree. C., minimum winter temperature about -20.degree.
C., annual rainfall around 700-1500 mm of rain (e.g. North-Eastern
Italy, Friuli). This region provides the necessary year-round
temperatures required for it to produce and maintain a strong
vigorous plant with consistent fruit production from April through
November on primocanes and in the ensuing year from April through
November on the floricanes.
The following traits have been repeatedly observed and are
determined to be unique characteristics of `MERLOT KANTHUS`, which
in combination distinguish this grapevine plant as a new and
distinct variety. 1. Medium vigor; 2. Erect growth habit; 3. Medium
sized, circular shaped leaves with medium to medium green upper
surfaces and light green lower surfaces and medium texture; 4.
Small, conical, medium dense berry clusters with two middle size
wings; blue-black berries with slightly firm flesh, none to
herbaceous taste, and none to very weak flesh coloration; primarily
used for wine and maturing in early September (Middle Friuli,
North-Eastern Italy); 5. Primocanes and floricanes with a circular
cross section, brownish colour, no lenticels, and short-medium
internodes (diameter 8 mm); 6. Harvesting time in early September
(Middle Friuli, North-Eastern Italy); and 7. Resistance to winter
temperature (-22.degree. C.), resistance to downy mildew, and
tolerance to powdery mildew.
Plants of the new grapevine `MERLOT KANTHUS` differ from plants of
the parents, Vitis vinifera `Merlot` (unpatented) and Vitis cross
`20/3` (unpatented), in the following characteristics described in
Table 1.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Comparison with parent varieties New
Cultivar Female Parent Male Parent Charac- `MERLOT `Merlot` `20/3`
teristic KANTHUS` (unpatented) (unpatented) vigor: medium medium
medium growth erect horizontal semi-erect habit leaf small to
medium, medium, Medium size, medium to dark dark green color light
green color green color (upper (upper surface), (upper surface),
surface), light green color (lower green color green color (lower
surface), very few (lower surface), surface), no hairs in hairs in
both no hairs in both both surfaces, surfaces, wedge surfaces,
wedge- wedge shape, shape, medium shaped--kidney- medium texture,
texture shaped, medium texture cluster low weight, conical low
weight, long, low weight, with two middle with 1-2 wings, conical,
with 1-2 size wings, loose or medium, berry skin wings, medium
medium dense, with blue black dense, berry skin berry skin with
color, soft flesh, with green-yellow blue blackcolour, neutral
taste, no color, slightly soft flesh, neutral flesh coloration firm
flesh, neutral taste, no flesh taste, no flesh coloration
coloration primocane circular cross circular cross oblate cross and
section, brownish section, brownish section, brownish floricane
colour, lenticels: color, lenticels: color, lenticels: absent,
short- absent, short- absent, medium medium internodes, medium
inter- internodes, diameter: small nodes, diameter diameter small
(about 8 mm) small (about 8 mm) (about 8 mm) harvesting First
decade Early-medium Early (end time September(Middle early
September August, Middle Friuli, North- (Middle Friuli, Friuli,
North- Eastern Italy), North-Eastern Eastern Italy) Italy)
resistances resistant to winter Average resistance resistant to
winter temperature (-22.degree. to winter tempera- temperature not
C.), resistant to ture (-22.degree. C.), checked, resistant downy
resistant to very low resistance to downy mildew, downy mildew, to
downy mildew, resistant to tolerant to powdery very low resistance
powdery mildew mildew. to powdery mildew
Of the many commercial cultivars known to the present inventor, the
most similar to the new grapevine `MERLOT KANTHUS` is the female
parent `Merlot`, to which a comparison has been provided above.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PHOTOGRAPHS
The accompanying photographs illustrate the overall appearance of
the new grapevine `MERLOT KANTHUS` showing the colors as true as is
reasonably possible with colored reproductions of this type. Colors
in the photographs may differ slightly from the color values cited
in the detailed botanical description, which accurately describe
the color of `MERLOT KANTHUS`.
FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B show a typical fruit cluster of `MERLOT
KANTHUS` taken on Sep. 9, 2012, in Udine, Italy.
FIG. 2 shows a typical mature leaf (upper surface, left and lower
surface, right) of `MERLOT KANTHUS` taken on May 31, 2012, in
Udine, Italy.
FIG. 3 shows a typical mature vine of `MERLOT KANTHUS` taken on
Aug. 3, 2012.
FIG. 4 shows a close-up view of typical mature fruit of `MERLOT
KANTHUS` taken on Sep. 9, 2012, in Udine, Italy.
DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION
The following description of `MERLOT KANTHUS` unless otherwise
noted, is based on observations taken during the 2011, 2012, and
2013 growing seasons(s) in Udine, Italy and Fossalon di Grado (GO),
Italy, from plants dug from a nursery located in Rauscedo (PN),
Italy during the beginning of December 2007 and planted
approximately 16 to 20 weeks later in Udine, Italy and Fossalon di
Grado (GO), Italy. The phenotypical descriptions and color
designations stated for the new variety may vary, depending upon
variations in environmental factors, including weather
(temperature, humidity and light intensity), day length, soil type,
location and cultural conditions. `MERLOT KANTHUS` has not been
observed under all possible environmental conditions.
Color references are made to The Royal Horticultural Society Colour
Chart (R.H.S.), (Edition V, 2007), except where general colors of
ordinary significance are used.
TABLE-US-00002 `MERLOT `Merlot` Characteristic KANTHUS`
(unpatented) GENERAL Resistance to Resistant to downy Susceptible
to downy pest/disease mildew, tolerant to mildew and to powdery
powdery mildew mildew Resistance to natural Resistant to winter
cold Resistant to winter cold elements down to -23.degree. C. down
to -22.degree. C. VINE Vigor medium medium Trunk diameter 6 cm (6
yrs-old plant) 6 cm (6 yrs-old plant) Bark color RHS 177B Dark
brown underbark color RHS 179B Light brown texture n.a. n.a. Canes
length Internode length Internode length about cm 10.5 cm 10 width
8 mm 8 mm Shoots shape Erected, cross section: Horizontal, cross
circular, surface: with section: circular, stripes, nodes and
surface: smooth, nodes internodes without hairs and internodes
without hairs color internodes with red Internodes with green (RHS
185B) and green colour on ventral and (RHS 144B) pigmenta- dorsal
side, nodes with tion on both sides, green ventral and dorsal nodes
with red (RHS side 185B) and green (RHS 144B) dorsal side and green
(RHS 144B) ventral side Tendrils form Bifid or trifid bifid color
RHS 143B Green texture normal normal number 2 or <2 consecutive
2 or <2 consecutive Buds size average average shape round round
color RHS 139C and Light brown RHS181A number 2/node 2/node time of
budbreak early early-medium LEAVES Size medium medium Number of
leaflets n.a. n.a. Glossiness Medium medium Cross section shape
Twisted Flat Color (immature) Upper surface RHS 140B and RHS Light
green 185B Under surface RHS 1408 and RHS green 185B Color (mature)
Upper surface RHS 143B Dark green Under surface RHS 143C green
Petiole Length (cm) 6.2 6.0 Color (upper surface) RHS 145B and RHS
green 184D Color (under surface) RHS I45C and RHS green 184D
Stipule orientation n.a. n.a. FLOWERS Flowering period (time Early
June Early June of beginning of flowering) Sex hermaphrodite
hermaphrodite Size Average average Diameter (cm) 0.3 (stamens) 0.3
(stamens) Stamen color RHS 4D Pistil color RHS 149A Fragrance n.a.
n.a. Flower number (at 3.sup.rd n.a. n.a. node from tip of lateral
mean and range) Petals Length (cm) n.a. n.a. Width (cm) n.a. n.a.
Overall shape calyptra calyptra Calyptra Color RHS 134A green
Sepals Length (cm) n.a. n.a. Width (cm) n.a. n.a. Overall shape
n.a. n.a. Color (immature) n.a. n.a. Upper surface Under surface
Color (mature) n.a. n.a. Upper surface Under surface Pedicel Length
(mm) 45 (cluster) 45 Color RHS 145C green FRUIT Primocane time of
September 6th September 7th fruiting (1.sup.st pick) Clusters
cluster weight Low (g 160) Low (g 160) cluster shape conical
conical cluster length mm 170 medium avg. berries per cluster 180
180 avg. clusters per shoot 2 2 Berries Berry size g 1.67 g 1.80
Berry length (cm) 1.60 1.50 Berry width (cm) 1.60 1.50 Overall
shape of berry broad ellipsoid Broad ellipsoid Berry Texture soft
soft Berry Skin Color RHS 137C green (immature) Berry Skin Color
RHS 99A Blue black (mature, at 19.degree. Bx) Berry Flesh Color RHS
148B Soluble solids (%) 22.4 22.0 Titratable acidity (as 5.1 5.5
g/L tartaric acid) Sugar/acid ratio 4.4 4.0 Firmness soft soft
Seeds 2-3 2-3 Seed color RHS 163A and RHS 106B Skin cracking? no
rarely Juice color transparent transparent Berry taste Neutral
neutral Eating quality n.a. n.a. Berry uses wine wine Shipping
quality n.a. n.a.
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