U.S. patent number PP20,232 [Application Number 11/416,318] was granted by the patent office on 2009-08-25 for artichoke plant named `ps-msg0417`.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Ocean Mist Farms, Plant Sciences, Inc.. Invention is credited to William J. Colfer.
United States Patent |
PP20,232 |
Colfer |
August 25, 2009 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
Artichoke plant named `PS-MSG0417`
Abstract
A new and distinct cultivar of artichoke plant named
`PS-MSG0417`, characterized by its numerous bud numbers, fleshiness
of bracts, fleshiness of hearts, high fecundity rate and uniformity
of head shapes.
Inventors: |
Colfer; William J. (Aptos,
CA) |
Assignee: |
Plant Sciences, Inc.
(Watsonville, CA)
Ocean Mist Farms (Castroville, CA)
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Family
ID: |
38480413 |
Appl.
No.: |
11/416,318 |
Filed: |
May 3, 2006 |
Prior Publication Data
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Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
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US 20070214526 P1 |
Sep 13, 2007 |
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Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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60780862 |
Mar 10, 2006 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
PLT/258 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A01H
5/08 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A01H
5/00 (20060101) |
Field of
Search: |
;PLT/258 |
Primary Examiner: McCormick Ewoldt; Susan B
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Foley & Lardner LLP
Claims
I claim:
1. A new and distinct cultivar of artichoke plant named
`PS-MSG0417`, as described and illustrated.
Description
Latin name of the genus and species of the plant claimed: Cynara
scolymus L.
Variety denomination: `PS-MSG0417`.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention comprises a new and distinct cultivar of
artichoke plant, botanically known as Cynara scolymus L., and
herein referred to by the cultivar name `PS-MSG0417`.
Cynara scolymus L., commonly known as Globe artichoke, is a
thistle-like perennial herb and is a member of the family
Asteraceae, also known as the Compositae family. Globe artichokes
comprise: leaves, which are pinnately lobed; but primarily spiney;
oval capitula composed of overlapping layers of large volucral
bracts; and receptacles, which are enlarged and fleshy. Globe
artichoke plants may be propagated by division or vegetative means,
and are essentially grown for the production of the immature flower
heads, which are considered as vegetable delicacies. Fresh
artichokes may be baked, steamed, or boiled, after which the fleshy
receptacle, inner and outer bracts, and parts of the floral stem
may be eaten.
The new Cynara cultivar is a product of a planned breeding program
carried out by the inventor, William J. Colfer, in Chowchilla,
Calif., in 2002. The female or seed parent is the Cynara scolymus
cultivar designated `GGMSC5` (unpatented). The male or pollen
parent is the Cynara scolyrmus cultivar designated `GGMSC5ER`
(unpatented). The new Cynara cultivar was discovered and selected
by the inventor, as a single flower plant within the progeny of the
stated cross in a controlled environment in (2001) in Chowchilla,
Calif.
Asexual reproduction of the new Cynara cultivar by vegetative
cuttings was first performed in July of 2003 in Watsonville,
Calif., and has demonstrated that the combination of
characteristics as herein disclosed for the new cultivar are firmly
fixed and retained through successive generations of asexual
reproduction. The new cultivar reproduces true to type.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The following traits have been repeatedly observed and are
determined to be unique characteristics of `PS-MSG0417`, which in
combination distinguish this Cynara as a new and distinct cultivar:
1. numerous bud numbers; 2. fleshiness of bracts; 3. fleshiness of
hearts; 4. uniformity of head shapes; and 5. high fecundity rate.
(high fecundity rate (viable seed production) It should be noted
that these data were collected from first year transplants.
Plants of the new Cynara cultivar `PS-MSG0417` differ from plants
of the parents, `GGMSC5` (unpatented) and `GGMSC5ER` (unpatented)
in the following characteristics described in Table 1.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Female Parent Male Parent New Cultivar
`GGMSC5` `GGMSC5ER` Character `PS-MSG0417` (unpatented)
(unpatented) Average Head 6.86 5.45 4.32 Number Head Shape Oval
Oval Oval Head Color Green Green Green Average Plant 116.84 121.92
132.08 Height (cm)
Of the many commercial cultivars known to the present inventor, the
most similar in comparison to the new Cynara cultivar `PS-MSG0417`
is the Cynara cultivar (Green Globe (unpatented), in the following
characteristics described in Table 2:
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 New Cultivar Green Globe Characteristic
`PS-MSG0417` (unpatented) Average Head 6.86 5.2 Number Fleshiness
of bract (cm) 0.53 0.49 Uniformity of head 4.7 3.8 shapes Rating
Scale: (1-5) Postproduction longevity Good Moderate to good
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The accompanying photographs illustrate the overall appearance of
the new Cynara cultivar `PS-MSG0417` showing the colors as true as
is reasonably possible with colored reproductions of this type.
Colors in the photographs may differ slightly from the color values
cited in the detailed botanical description, which accurately
describe the color of `PS-MSG0417`.
FIG. 1 shows an arial view of one complete `PS-MSG0417` plant grown
in the field.
FIG. 2 shows a close-up of both the side view and vertical
cross-section view of typical fruit, with their attached leaves,
produced by `PS-MSG0417`.
DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION
The new Cynara cultivar `PS-MSG0417` has not been observed under
all possible environmental conditions. The phenotype of the new
cultivar may vary with variations in environment such as
temperature, light intensity, and day length without any change in
the genotype of the plant.
The aforementioned photographs, together with the following
observations, measurements and values describe plants of
`PS-MSG0417` as grown in Castroville, Calif., under conditions
which closely approximate those generally used in horticultural
practice.
Castroville is located in California's central coast. Conditions
can vary greatly during the summer months. Air temperature can
range between the low 20's (degrees Fahrenheit) in the winter to
above 80 (degrees Fahrenheit) during the summer months. Relative
humidity is generally moderate with values ranging from the mid
40's to the high 60's. Prevailing winds are westerly, and rainfall
rarely exceeds 25'' (inches) of rainfall.
In the following description, holding quality was measured by the
physical appearance of the harvested heads. This includes the heads
appearance following 3, 7 and 10 day storage periods in a cold
storage room held at 34 (degrees Fahrenheit). Head exterior
(oxidation) was observed at each of the three observation points.
Browning and blackening of plant tissue was evaluated as light,
moderate and extreme. Juiciness was measured by observing exudate
and rated as absent, moderate or excessive. Overall storage
response was measured by observations concentrated on visible color
variability and/or presence of lesions or other cosmetic anomalies.
Leaf ratio (L/W) was determined by dividing representative leaf
sample length measurements by representative leaf sample width
measurements. Finally, head response to (weather) was determined by
observing the heads at maturity. These field observations focus on
presence or absence of bronzing, necrotic and chlorotic lesions or
any abiotic response to environmental conditions. These data are
reported as the possible causal event(s), and then describe the
detailed head and plant responses.
The age of the plants in the aforementioned photographs, together
with the following observations, measurements and values describe
plants of `PS-MSG0417` about 270 to 285 days from transplanting.
Plants were developed in transplant trays for about 120 to 130
days, for a total plant age of about 390 to 415 days. Not all
greenhouse plantings are performed on the same day. Physical data
collection may also be performed on different days.
All color references below are measured against The Munsell Book of
Color, Munsell Color Macbeth Division of Kollmorgen Instruments
Corporation, (1988/PRO88-A). Colors are approximate as color
depends on horticultural practices such as light level and
fertilization rate, among others. Classification:
Botanical.--Cynara scolymus L. Commercial.--Artichoke c.v.
`PS-MSG0417.` Parentage: Female or seed parent.--Cynara scolymus
cultivar designated `GGMSC5` (unpatented). Male or pollen
parent.--Cynara scolymus cultivar designated `GGMSC5ER`
(unpatented). Propagation: Vegetative cuttings. Plant:
Height.--About 116.84 cm. Range: 106.68 cm to 127.00 cm.
Width.--About 179.20 cm. Range: 170.10 cm to 182.00 cm. Growth
habit.--Upright/intermediate. Vigor.--Good. (This measurement is
based on overall plant performance. Including plant height, density
of leaf canopy and overall plant growth and development rates).
Large shoots: These offshoots or suckers from axillary buds are
borne at the base of the stem sust below the soil surface. Number
per plant.--About 5 or 6. Length.--About 19.72 cm. Range: 18 cm to
22 cm. Diameter.--About 2.04 cm. Range: 1.7 to 2.4 cm.
Color.--Munsell Color: Wide range of colors: 5GY 7/6-5GY 6/6-5GY
5/6-5GY 4/4. Anthocyanin coloration range: 2.5R 5/4 - 2.5R 4/4 -
2.5R 3/4. Foliage density.--Open to moderate, variable shoots give
plant a open to moderate plant density appearance. Side shoot
development.--Moderate side shoot development. Number of leaves per
side shoot.--Ranges from 4 to 8. Stem (main): Length.--About 26.53
cm. Range: 21.6 cm to 30.2 cm. Diameter.--About 6.43 cm. Range: 5.6
cm to 7.4 cm. Width (with leaves).--Ranges from 7.40 cm to 9.50 cm.
Color.--Color Designation: 5GY 4/4-5GY 5/4-5GY 6/6 green coloration
with basal anthocyanin coloration: 5R 5/4-5R 4/4. Texture.--Stem
texture can vary from areas that are tomentum to tomentose.
Maturity and prescence of surrounding leaf tissue influence stem
pubescence. Number of leaves per main stem.--Ranges from 12 to 20.
Distance between leaf lobes (use petiole or leaf insertion not
lobes) on stem.--Ranges from 6.0 cm to 10.1 cm. Internode
length.--Ranges from 8.8 cm to 12.2 cm (Internode length influenced
by soil conditions (moisture) in the field. Bud: Shape.--Typically
ovate. Range from slightly round to oval. Height.--Ranges 10.65 cm
to 11.68 cm. Diameter.--Ranges 10.41 cm to 10.97 cm. Color.--Color
dependent on bud age and exposure angles to the sun. Ranges 5 GY
5/6 - 5 GY 6/6 -2.5 GY 5/8. Texture.--Glabrous, with some light
pubescence at the base of the buds. Inflorescence: Mature, meaning
grown to point of harvest and ready for consumption.
Florets.--Number per primary head: Range of about 870 to 1287.
Overall Shape: Tubulose, fused basal region flares to a flattened,
expanded obtuse apex. Width: About 0.5 mm. Color: Color dependent
on floret age. Ranges 10 PB 7/4 - 10 PB 7/6 -10 PB 7/8. Petals
oxidize to tan colors late in maturation. Margin: Primarily entire.
Texture: Smooth. Capitulum (head): Number.--About 6.86/plant.
Range: 6.0 to 8.0 heads/plant. Shape.--Oval. Oval shape can have
increased mid-section dimensions. Size.--(12) Primary: 36.20 cm to
38.10 cm. (18) Secondary: 28.58 cm to 30.40 cm. (30) Tertiary:
28.58 cm to 30.48 cm. (36) Tertiary: 26.04 cm to 27.94 cm. (48)
Tertiary: 23.50 cm to 25.40 cm. Texture.--The outer bracts are
predominately smooth with very subtle narrow bands or grooves
running the length of the bracts. These striac are not uniform on
the bract surfaces. Color.--Color Designation: 5 GY 5/6 - 5GY 6/4 -
5GY 6/6. Fragrance.--Mild, lightly aromatic. Slightly sweet aroma.
Firmness.--Heads are moderately firm. Some head types in the spring
have reduced firmness. Gloss.--Dull. Heads have very little
glossiness. Juiciness.--Absent. Peduncle and bract exudate is
slight. Peduncle: Length.--Ranges 7.62 cm to 8.38 cm.
Diameter.--Ranges 3.81 cm to 4.11 cm. Color.--Color Designation:
5GY 4/4-5GY 5/4-5GY 6/6. Pubescence density influence the color
range. Texture.--Early development can be tomentose while later
development can be delicately tomentos. Distinct bands or grooves
are also evident; running the length of the peduncle. Bract:
Number.--About 80.50 bracts. Range: 76 to 86 bracts.
Arrangement.--The bracts layer and overlap attaching to a fleshy
receptacle. Length.--Inner: Ranges from 6.67 cm to 7.87 cm. Outer:
Ranges from 7.67 cm to 8.17 cm. Width.--Inner: Ranges from 4.15 cm
to 4.67 cm. Outer: Ranges from 4.95 cm to 5.85 cm. Shape.--Bracts
are predominantly oval shaped with constricted (narrow) basal
regions on outer bracts and inner bracts are slightly rounded at
the base. Texture.--Smooth, slight texture. Color (inner).--Bract
Interior: 5 GY 4/6 - 5 GY 6/6 (Green). Outer bract interior, apex:
2.5 GY 8/6 - 7.5 Y 9/6 (Green-Yellow). More interior bracts on the
basal portions of the bracts. Color (outer).--Exterior coloration
of bract 5 Y 8.5/6 - 7.5 Y 8.5/6 (Green) 5GY4/4-5GY5/6-7.5Y 8/8-
10Y8.5/8 (Green coloration with basal yellow coloration).
Firmness.--Moderate. Bracts are brittle with reduced malleability.
Outer bracts arc more flexible. Spinosity.--Present or none. Spines
are present. Length ranges between 1 mm to 3 mm in length. Basal
thickness.--About 5.33 mm. Range: 4.67 mm to 6.0 mm. Heart:
Description.--Concave, full. Heart is slightly concave with broad
outer margins. Color.--5 Y 9/2 - 7.5 Y 9/2. Pappus: Number.--The
pappus attaches at the apical region of the mature seed.
Approximately 43-54 pappus filaments per seed. Seed numbers vary -
about 870 to 1 287 seeds per head. The seed number vary greatly;
dependent upon weather conditions, pollination, fertilization and
seed-set which consequently influences pappus numbers.
Length.--About 17.30 mm. Range: 15.0 mm to 19.0 mm.
Color.--Variable white coloration. Overall cold storage response:
Good cold storage response. Slight oxidation observed (light
browning). Cold storage (hold quality): Good. Only a slight
"browning" was observed on some bract edges. Head exterior
(oxidation): Moderate. Only those areas damaged during harvest
showed some oxidation. Head response (weather): None. No adverse
plant responses were observed. Foliage: Leaf: Shape.--Irregular,
dentate leaves that arc long and strap-like, parted pinnatisect
margins, and a slightly reduced tomentose upper leaf surface and
more advanced tomentose lower leaf surface. The leaf apex is
described as a reduced mucronulate. Length.--About 113.92 cm.
Range: 109.6 cm to 118.5 cm. Width.--About 54.69 cm. Range: 52.27
cm to 57.03 cm. Leaf ratio (L/W).--About 2.07. Range: 1.91 to 2.16.
Leaf area.--About 6,206.68 cm.sup.2. Range: 5,995.37 cm.sup.2 to
6,440.00 cm.sup.2. Leaf serrations. About 29.57 mm. Range: 13.0 mm
to 46.0 mm. Leaf distance between serrations.--About 49.7 mm.
Range: 38.0 mm to 75.0 mm. Leaf basal angle.--About 47.40 degrees.
Range: 38.0 degrees to 62.0 degrees. Leaf basal thickness.--About
14.83 mm. Range: 14.33 mm to 15.33 mm. Leaf area.--About 6,206.68
cm.sup.2. Range: 5,995.37 cm.sup.2-to 6,440.00 cm.sup.2.
Texture.--The mature leaves upper surface is lightly verrucose
while the lower surface is nearly glabrous and smooth. Immature
leaves especially near the mid-vein tend to be more verrucose on
the upper surface and tend to be more tomentum on the lower leaf
surfaces. Pubescence.--Smooth to sparse density. Pubescence on most
leaves is indistinct. Immature, younger leaves are highly pubescent
on both surfaces but become reduced on the upper leaf surface as
the leaf matures. Lower leaf surface is more pubescent throughout
the leaf's development. Color.--5 GY 4/4 - 5 GY 6/6 (upper leaf
surface) 5 GY 6/2 (younger lower leaf surface) to 5 GY 6/4
(slightly older leaf surface). Lobes: Number per leaf.--About 6 to
10 (This number can also vary and is influenced by soil types and
winter growth conditions). Apex shape.--Apex can vary obtuse to
acute depending on leaf maturity and developmental stages in
relation to reproductive bolting. Base shape.--Generally described
as pinnatisect and lobed. Length.--Ranges 1.2 cm to 4.6 cm.
(Dependent upon leaf developmental stages). Width.--Ranges 1.27 cm
to 3.30 cm. Venation: Prominent, greenish/white. Both mid-vein and
surrounding venation are light green colored. Pattern.--Light
green/whitish mid-vein with green venation radiating from leaf
mid-vein. Venation pattern is described as pinnate.
Color.--Greenish/white: Light transparent green coloration near 5GY
8/4. Petiole: Length.--About 22.89 cm. Range: 16.2 cm to 27.6 cm.
Width.--About 4.14 cm. Range: 3.7 cm to 4.7 cm. Diameter.--About
1.43 cm. Range: 1.2 cm to 1.7 cm. Color.--Color Designation: Color
designation very similar to stem coloration: 5GY 4/4 - 5GY 5/4 -
5GY 6/6. Anthocyanin coloration: 5R 5/4 - 5R 4/4. Reproductive
organs/seeds: Seed are generally a light tan color with variable
black specks on the seed coat. Seed has an oval (acute basal apex)
shape. About 4 to 5 mm (w).times.9mm (l). Weather tolerance: No
testing has been conducted or PS-MSG0417 is sensitive to
temperatures below 20.degree. F. Disease/pest resistance: No
observations made. Disease/pest susceptibility: No observations
made. General observations: This new artichoke cultivar is a unique
type that exhibits the following characteristics. The plants
moderate height, ranging from 106 cm to 127 cm. Its comparative
head qualities to California's artichoke variety `Green Globe`
include: green (non-glossy) exterior coloration, greater head
numbers. Head numbers ranging from 6 to 8 heads per plant. Head
shape does have slight variation displaying a predominately oval
shapes and, slightly broadened mid-sections, oval shapes. These
non-glossy heads are produced in the sizes ranging from (12)
primary, size (18) secondaries and size (30, 36 and 48) tertiaries.
Floral stalk development and head numbers can vary. Anthocyanin
coloration is not present in innermost interior bracts. The head
spinosity is present on bract apexes. Inner bracts also display
spines but can be very slightly notched. The average spine length
ranges between 1.8-3.0 mm. The plants upright growth habit is
intermediate, but is very vigorous. The canopies coloration is a
deeper green/green/yellow color with some colors ranging towards
darker green/green hues. These colors on Munsell Leaf Color Chart
range from 5 GY 4/4-5 GY 6/6. Leaf spinosity is light to moderate,
categorized as few. Floral stalk development during anthesis
produces a purple flower. Flower color varies with flower maturity.
The phenotypic characteristics of this cultivar may vary slightly,
depending upon variation in the environmental factors. Including
weather (temperature, humidity and light intensity), day length,
soil type, farming practices, location and time of year.
* * * * *