U.S. patent number PP14,439 [Application Number 10/004,256] was granted by the patent office on 2003-12-30 for peach tree named `fa 42`.
This patent grant is currently assigned to International Plant Management. Invention is credited to Annette Bjorge, Randy Bjorge.
United States Patent |
PP14,439 |
Bjorge , et al. |
December 30, 2003 |
Peach tree named `FA 42`
Abstract
A new peach variety, Prunus persica, (hereinafter referred to as
`FA 42 peach`) which was developed in 1981 by Annette and Randy
Bjorge in a breeding program at Fruit Acres Farms in Coloma, Mich.,
having the following combination of unique and desirable features:
1. A substantially large, round fruit with an attractive bright red
blush covering 75 to 80% of the fruit at maturity. 2. A fruit
maturing late in the season, 7 days after `Fayette` or 45 days
after `Redhaven`. 3. A fruit with excellent storage and shipping
qualities. 4. A fruit with flesh that does not brown when cut.
Inventors: |
Bjorge; Annette (Coloma,
MI), Bjorge; Randy (Coloma, MI) |
Assignee: |
International Plant Management
(Lawrence, MI)
|
Family
ID: |
21709904 |
Appl.
No.: |
10/004,256 |
Filed: |
November 2, 2001 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
PLT/198 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A01H
6/7463 (20180501); A01H 5/08 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A01H 005/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;PLT/198 |
Primary Examiner: Campell; Bruce R.
Assistant Examiner: McCormick; Susan B.
Claims
I claim:
1. A new and distinct variety of peach tree, Prunus persica,
substantially as herein shown and described, characterized
particularly as to novelty by the unique combination of vigorous,
regular bearing tree producing freestone fruits having with
non-browning flesh and large, round, firm fruits with 75 to 80%
blushed red skin color at maturity which occurs 45 days after the
maturity of `Redhaven` peach.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
A new and distinct variety of peach tree originating as a cross of
`Autumnglo` and `Fayette` varieties of Prunus persica hereinafter
referred to as `FA 42` peach. This variety is unique from its
parents because the fruit is both highly colored and round and the
tree has good bud and wood hardiness. `FA 42` ripens later than
both parents, 6 days after `Autumnglo` and 7 days after `Fayette`
with large, 75 to 80% blushed red fruit.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This new and distinct variety of peach tree was developed in a
breeding program in 1981 by Annette and Randy Bjorge of Coloma,
Mich. It resulted as a cross of `Autumnglo` and `Fayette`, both
unpatented peach cultivars. The new variety was noticed because it
ripened very late in the season with a high color factor and large
size.
The new variety was budded on Bailey peach seedling in the summer
of 1988 and planted for further testing on Fruit Acres Farms,
Coloma, Mich. In the summer of 1992, `FA 42` was budded on Halford
peach seedling. In the spring of 1993, these trees were sent to the
following cooperating testers under testing agreements: Rutgers
Snyder Research Farm, Pittstown, N.J.; Lee Spencer, Boyertown, Pa.;
Adams County Nursery, Aspers, Pa.; Kenneth Kauffman, Bird-in-Hand,
Pa.; Thomas Benton, Chester, N.J.; Clemson University, Clemson,
S.C.; Arnold Klug, Berrien Center, Mich.; North Carolina State
University, Raleigh, N.C.; Rutgers Cooperative Extension, Clayton,
N.J.; SW Michigan Research & Extension Center, Benton Harbor,
Mich.; and The University Of Arkansas, Clarksville, Ark.
The reports from the cooperating testers showed that the new
variety remained true to name and showed considerable commercial
promise as a peach for the late harvest season.
COMPARISON TO PRIOR ART
`FA 42` ripens vary late in the commercial peach season with a
large sized fruit and a very high degree of red skin color. This
contrasts to `Fayette`, (an unpatented selection) which ripens 13
days earlier and is much less highly colored. `FA 42` ripens 6 days
after `Autumnglo` (an unpatented selection) and is more highly
colored with a lighter degree of pubescence. The new variety ripens
6 days after `Encore` (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 4,572) and has a much
higher degree of red skin color. `FA 42` ripens 15 days after `PF
27A` (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 9,939). `FA 42` ripens 2 days after
`Laurol` (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 8,558) and has a bright red skin
color contrasting with the orange-red of `Laurol`. `FA 42` also has
a much greater degree of bud and wood hardiness than `Laurol`.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The accompanying photographs show typical specimens of the new
variety as depicted in color as nearly true as is reasonably
possible in color illustrations of this character. These specimens
were obtained at Coloma, Berrien County, Mich.
FIG. 1 illustrates the coloration of the fruit of the new variety
in comparison with the coloration of `Fayette` and `Encore` (U.S.
Plant Pat. No. 4,572). `Encore`, picked on September 17, is
pictured on the top; `FA 42` picked on September 24, is pictured in
the middle segment; `Fayette`, picked on September 11, is shown in
the bottom section. All three varieties were grown on the same farm
in Coloma, Berrien County, Mich.
FIG. 2 illustrates several fruit of the new variety at
maturity.
FIG. 3 illustrates sections, leaves, and pits of the new variety at
maturity.
FIG. 4 illustrates the bloom of the new variety at maturity.
BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PLANT
A detailed description of the `FA 42` cultivar follows using The
Royal Horticultural Society of London Colour Chart for color
identification except where general color terms are sufficient.
Parentage: `Autumnglo`.times.`Fayette`. Locality of the original
discovery and observations: Coloma, Berrien County, Mich. Tree: Age
of specimen.--5 years. Height.--3 M. Width.--4 M. Vigor.--Quite
vigorous under normal growing conditions. Average growth per
year.--45 to 65 cm on terminal branches. Density.--Medium open.
Form.--Vase shaped, average of 3 major scaffold branches with 12 to
14 laterals. Production.--Average for a freestone peach, usually 3
to 4 bushels per tree per year. Bearing.--Annual. Disease
resistance.--Moderate susceptibility to Bacterial Spot,
(Xanthomonas campestris) and peach canker (Cytospora leucostoma and
Cytospora cincta). Both have been seen in test plantings. No
specific testing for disease susceptibility has been preformed.
Cold hardiness.--Quite hardy, hardier than Redhaven, winter bud
hardiness threshold averages -14.degree. to -16.degree. F., winter
wood hardiness threshold averages -18.degree. to -20.degree. F.
Trunk: Size.--12.5 cm at 15 cm above ground level. Surface.--Smooth
with rough vertical striations and horizontal lenticels.
Lenticels.--Length 12 to 15 mm, width 1 mm, color Grayed Orange
167A. Striations.--Length 8 to 10 mm, width 0.5 mm, color Grayed
White 156D. 1 year branches: Surface smooth, length 45 to 65 cm,
diameter 1 mm, color Grayed Orange 167A, average angle to 2-year
branch 50.degree.. 2 year branches: Surface smooth, length 45 to 60
mm, diameter 7 mm, color Grayed Orange 175C, average angle to
3-year branch 45.degree.. 3 year branches: Smooth surface, length
220 cm, diameter 10 mm, color Grayed Orange 177C, average angle to
4 year scaffold 45.degree.. 3 year lenticels: Length 1.5 mm, width
0.5 mm, color Grayed Orange 167D. 4 year scaffolds: Slightly rough
surface, diameter 12 mm, color Grayed Orange 167B. 4 year
lenticels: Length 6 mm, width 0.75 mm, color Grayed Orange 167B.
Leaf buds: Size.--Dormant length 2 mm, width 1 mm. Bud scale color
(dormant).--Grayed Orange 178B, bud tip color Grayed White 156A.
Placement.--Tightly applied to branch. Internode distance.--22 mm.
Leaves: Size.--Length 85 mm, width 18 mm at widest point.
Form.--Lanceolate, tip sharply pointed. Thickness.--Medium thin.
Texture.--Smooth, non-pubescent. Margin.--Roundly crenate. Adaxile
leaf surface.--Yellow Green 146A. Abaxile leaf surface.--Yellow
Green 146B. Veination.--Alternate, adaxial midvein color Yellow
Green 153A, adaxial midvein color Yellow Green 158B.
Petiole.--Length 5 to 6 mm, width 1.3 mm. Petiole groove.--Depth
0.1 mm, extending entire length of petiole. Glands.--Reniform, 5 to
9 on the base of most leaves. Generally located on the upper
petiole, occasionally on the lower leaf. Gland color.--Red Purple
59B. Flowers: Bloom period.--April 20 to April 25 in Coloma, Van
Buren County, Mich. Duration of bloom.--7-10 days, dependent on
weather conditions. Pollination requirements.--Self fertile.
Presentation.--Showy. Fragrance.--Faint. Pollen.--Present.
Bud.--Length: 20-22 mm. Diameter: 4-6 mm. Color: Red Purple 68A to
Red Purple 67C. Flowers at full bloom.--Corolla Diameter: 38 to 40
mm. Numbers of Flowers per Cluster: Single. Petals: Arrangement: 5
in number, separate. Adaxile Color: Red Purple 68B. Abaxile Color:
Red Purple 67C. Shape: Oval, cupped. Margin: slightly ruffled.
Base: Bluntly pointed. Apex: Rounded. Size: Length 17 mm, width 12
mm. Texture: Soft. Peduncle: Length 2 mm, color Yellow Green 145A.
Pedicel: Cone shaped, length 7 mm, 2 mm in width at base, 5 mm in
width at receptacle. Pedicel Color: Yellow Green 145A at base
changing to Grayed Red 186A at receptacle. Sepals: 5 in number,
adaxial color Grayed Red 182B, abaxial color Gray Red 182A.
Filaments: length 9 to 11 mm, color Red Purple 68B. Anthers: Held
slightly below corolla, color Grayed Yellow 161A. Ovary: Length 16
mm, color Yellow Green 145D. Style: Length 15 mm, width 2 mm, color
Yellow Green 145D. Stigma: Width 0.8 mm, color Grayed Yellow 161A.
Fruit: Maturity when described.--Shipping ripe. Date of first
picking.--September 24, 45 days after `Redhaven`, 7 days after
`Fayette`, 2 days after `Laurol`. Date of last picking.--September
30, may vary by 2 to 3 days due to temperature. Size.--Large,
diameter 80-100 mm, length 70-90 mm. Form.--Round, even shoulders,
slight bulge on pistil point, tip flat to slightly indented. Stem
cavity.--5 mm deep, 9 mm wide, stem abscises cleanly. Skin:
Thickness.--Medium. Texture.--Very slightly pubescent, somewhat
resistant to puncture. Tendency to crack.--Very slight.
Color.--Dark red blush of Red 53A on 75 to 80% of the surface,
middle blush of Red 47B, background color of yellow 11A.
Flavor.--Good, non-bitter. Pubescence.--Slight. Flesh:
Texture.--Firm, dense, melting. Acidity.--Medium high.
Flavor.--Excellent, very good acid/sugar balance. Aroma.--Very
high. Fibers.--Few, very fine. Color.--Clear, Yellow 11C,
non-browning. Coloration at the pit.--Red 46A at interface with pit
bleeding to Red 47B in the flesh. Depth of coloring into the flesh
1.5 to 2 mm. Eating quality.--Excellent. Stone: Size.--Length 16
mm, width 11 mm. Form.--Elongated, elliptical with a prominent tip.
Apex.--Sharply pointed, point extends 2.5 mm from body of stone.
Sides.--Even. Base.--Flat, slightly tilted at abscission layer with
stem. Surface.--Deeply furrowed. Dorsal groove margin.--Clean,
slightly raised. Color.--Grayed Orange 165A. Kernel.--Length 8 mm,
width 4 mm, color Grayed Orange 164A, surface very slightly rough.
Type.--Freestone. Tendency to crack.--Slight, may crack under wet,
hot, conditions. Use: Fresh market. Shipping quality: Excellent,
can be graded on a commercial peach grader and shipped via truck.
Keeping quality: Excellent, will store for up to 2 months in common
storage with minimal loss of flavor and color.
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