U.S. patent number 9,834,733 [Application Number 14/650,377] was granted by the patent office on 2017-12-05 for char removal pipe.
This patent grant is currently assigned to MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.. The grantee listed for this patent is MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.. Invention is credited to Takashi Yamamoto.
United States Patent |
9,834,733 |
Yamamoto |
December 5, 2017 |
Char removal pipe
Abstract
A char removal pipe including a removal pipe (22), a perforated
plate (26) that partitions the interior of the removal pipe (22)
into a powder channel (29) and a gas chamber (30), and an assist
gas supplying device (28) that supplies an assist gas to the gas
chamber (30). The perforated plate (26) is formed so that the
pressure loss when the assist gas flows from the gas chamber (30)
to the powder channel (29) through the perforated plate (26) is
greater than the pressure loss when the assist gas flows through
accumulated powder formed by the accumulation, on the perforated
plate (26), of powder flowing in the powder channel (29).
Inventors: |
Yamamoto; Takashi (Tokyo,
JP) |
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. |
Tokyo |
N/A |
JP |
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|
Assignee: |
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES,
LTD. (Tokyo, JP)
|
Family
ID: |
51020760 |
Appl.
No.: |
14/650,377 |
Filed: |
December 6, 2013 |
PCT
Filed: |
December 06, 2013 |
PCT No.: |
PCT/JP2013/082881 |
371(c)(1),(2),(4) Date: |
June 08, 2015 |
PCT
Pub. No.: |
WO2014/103668 |
PCT
Pub. Date: |
July 03, 2014 |
Prior Publication Data
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Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
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US 20150299591 A1 |
Oct 22, 2015 |
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Foreign Application Priority Data
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|
|
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Dec 27, 2012 [JP] |
|
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2012-285059 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C10J
3/506 (20130101); B65G 65/32 (20130101); B65G
53/20 (20130101); C10K 1/02 (20130101); Y02E
20/18 (20130101); Y02E 20/16 (20130101); C10J
2300/094 (20130101); C10J 2300/1653 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65G
53/18 (20060101); B65G 65/32 (20060101); C10K
1/02 (20060101); B65G 53/20 (20060101); C10J
3/50 (20060101) |
Field of
Search: |
;406/88,93,94,95
;414/208,676 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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1309641 |
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Apr 2007 |
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CN |
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102795478 |
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Nov 2012 |
|
CN |
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58-123825 |
|
Aug 1983 |
|
JP |
|
61-12790 |
|
Jan 1986 |
|
JP |
|
61-18633 |
|
Jan 1986 |
|
JP |
|
61-98732 |
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Jun 1986 |
|
JP |
|
1-58533 |
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Apr 1989 |
|
JP |
|
2-206687 |
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Aug 1990 |
|
JP |
|
8-12075 |
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Jan 1996 |
|
JP |
|
11-108742 |
|
Apr 1999 |
|
JP |
|
3054788 |
|
Jun 2000 |
|
JP |
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2007-153585 |
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Jun 2007 |
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JP |
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2008-230825 |
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Oct 2008 |
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JP |
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2010-091193 |
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Apr 2010 |
|
JP |
|
2012-126571 |
|
Jul 2012 |
|
JP |
|
2013-170185 |
|
Sep 2013 |
|
JP |
|
Other References
A Decision of Patent Grant dated Dec. 8, 2015 in corresponding
Japanese patent application No. 2012-285059 (with English
translation). cited by applicant .
International Search Report dated Mar. 11, 2014 in International
Application No. PCT/JP2013/082881. cited by applicant .
Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority dated Mar.
11, 2014 in International Application No. PCT/JP2013/082881. cited
by applicant .
Office Action dated Feb. 1, 2016 in corresponding Chinese patent
application No. 201380066669.4 (with English translation). cited by
applicant .
Notification of Grant of Invention Patent dated May 24, 2016 in
Chinese patent application No. 201380066669.4 (with English
translation). cited by applicant .
Notice of Allowance dated Feb. 14, 2017 in corresponding Korean
patent application No. 10-2015-7016215. cited by applicant.
|
Primary Examiner: Dillon, Jr.; Joseph
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Wenderoth, Lind & Ponack,
L.L.P.
Claims
The invention claimed is:
1. A char removal pipe comprising: a removal pipe including a first
vertically oriented piping in which powder is supplied, an inclined
piping which is connected to the first vertically oriented piping
and through which the powder flows, and a second vertically
oriented piping connected to the inclined piping to receive powder
therefrom; a perforated plate disposed inside the inclined piping
so as to partition the interior of the inclined piping into a
powder channel and a gas chamber; and an assist gas supplying
device that supplies an assist gas to the gas chamber, wherein an
end on a downstream side of the first vertically oriented piping is
joined to an end on an upstream side of the inclined piping,
wherein an end on a downstream side of the inclined piping is
joined to an end on an upstream side of the second vertically
oriented piping, wherein the powder is transported from the end on
the downstream side of the first vertically oriented piping to the
end on the upstream side of the inclined piping due to a force of
gravity, wherein accumulated powder is formed by accumulating the
powder on the perforated plate during the powder flows by using the
force of gravity and the assist gas from the end on the upstream
side of the inclined piping to the end on the downstream side of
the inclined piping, wherein the powder transported from the end on
the downstream side of the inclined piping to the upstream side of
the second vertically oriented piping is discharged from an end on
a downstream side of the second vertically oriented piping by using
the force of gravity, wherein the perforated plate is formed from a
plate in which a plurality of holes are formed in a predetermined
density, and wherein diameters of the holes and the density of the
holes are set so that a pressure loss when the assist gas flows
from the gas chamber to the powder channel through the perforated
plate, in a state in which the accumulated powder is not formed, is
greater than a pressure loss when the assist gas flows through
accumulated powder that is formed at a maximum height due to powder
flowing through the powder channel being accumulated on the
perforated plate.
2. The char removal pipe according to claim 1, wherein the
perforated plate is formed of perforated metal that is formed from
a plate in which holes are formed.
3. The char removal pipe according to claim 1, wherein the
perforated plate is formed of a plurality of portions, and a
pressure loss in a first portion among the plurality of portions is
different from a pressure loss in a second portion different from
the first portion among the plurality of portions.
4. The char removal pipe according to claim 3, wherein the gas
chamber is provided with a plurality of gas chambers corresponding
to the plurality of portions, and the assist gas supplying device
supplies the assist gas to the plurality of gas chambers such that
gas pressure of a first gas chamber corresponding to the first
portion among the plurality of gas chambers is different from gas
pressure of a second gas chamber corresponding to the second
portion among the plurality of gas chambers.
5. The char removal pipe according to claim 3, wherein the assist
gas supplying device is formed such that a flow rate at which the
assist gas is ejected from an upstream-side portion among the
plurality of portions is greater than a flow rate at which the
assist gas is ejected from a downstream-side portion that is
disposed further toward a downstream side of the powder channel
than the upstream-side portion among the plurality of portions.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Technical Field
The present invention relates to a char removal pipe and
particularly, to a char removal pipe which delivers powder.
2. Description of the Related Art
A coal gasification combined power generation facility is known.
The coal gasification combined power generation facility is
provided with a coal gasification furnace, a char recovery device,
gas purification equipment, gas turbine equipment, an exhaust heat
recovery boiler, steam turbine equipment, and a power generator.
The coal gasification furnace gasifies pulverized coal, thereby
producing a producer gas having combustibility. In the producer
gas, char or the like is mixed with a combustible gas.
The char recovery device removes the char from the producer gas,
thereby producing a char-free producer gas. The gas purification
equipment purifies the char-free producer gas, thereby producing a
purified producer gas. The gas turbine equipment burns the purified
producer gas, thereby producing a high-temperature and
high-pressure combustion gas and generating rotational power. The
exhaust heat recovery boiler recovers thermal energy from the
combustion gas and produces high-pressure steam. The steam turbine
equipment generates rotational power by using the steam. The power
generator converts the rotational power generated by the gas
turbine equipment and the steam turbine equipment into electric
power.
The char recovery device is provided with a char recovery device
main body, a removal pipe for char discharge, a char bin, a removal
pipe for char supply, and a char supply hopper. The char recovery
device main body separates char from the producer gas. The removal
pipe for char discharge forms a powder channel connecting the char
recovery device main body and the char bin and transports the char
from the char recovery device main body to the char bin by using
the force of gravity. The char bin stores the char. The removal
pipe for char supply forms a powder channel connecting the char bin
and the char supply hopper and transports the char from the char
bin to the char supply hopper by using the force of gravity. The
char supply hopper intermittently supplies the char to the
gasification furnace in predetermined amounts.
In order to increase treatment capacity, there is a case where the
char recovery device is provided with a plurality of char recovery
device main bodies or provided with a plurality of char supply
hoppers. In this case, the plurality of char recovery device main
bodies are disposed side by side in a horizontal direction, and the
plurality of char supply hoppers are disposed side by side in the
horizontal direction. For this reason, there is a case where the
removal pipe for char discharge or the removal pipe for char supply
is disposed along a straight line inclined from a vertical
direction by a predetermined inclination angle.
If the removal pipe for char discharge or the removal pipe for char
supply is disposed with an inclination close to the horizontal,
there is a concern that the char may be accumulated in the pipe. In
a char removal pipe, it is desired to more appropriately transport
powder, and even when it is disposed along a gentle slope, it is
desired to appropriately transport powder.
Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2012-126571
discloses a bin system which assists in the flow of char in a char
discharge line by injecting an assist gas along the lower surface
of the inner circumference of the char discharge line.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
1. Technical Problem
However, in the bin system disclosed in PTL 1, when there is
unevenness in the rate of accumulation of the char which is
accumulated on the lower surface of the inner circumference, the
char does not appropriately flow, and thus there is a case where
the char cannot be appropriately transported.
An object of the present invention is to provide a char removal
pipe which more appropriately transports powder.
2. Solution to the Problem
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided
a char removal pipe including: a removal pipe; a perforated plate
that partitions the interior of the removal pipe into a powder
channel and a gas chamber; and an assist gas supplying device that
supplies an assist gas to the gas chamber. The perforated plate is
formed such that a pressure loss when the assist gas flows from the
gas chamber to the powder channel through the perforated plate is
greater than a calculated pressure loss calculated based on a
pressure loss when the assist gas flows through accumulated powder
that is formed due to powder flowing through the powder channel
being accumulated on the perforated plate.
In such a char removal pipe, when a pressure loss in the perforated
plate is sufficiently large, even in a case where there is
unevenness in the rate of accumulation of powder which is
accumulated on the perforated plate, it is possible to more
uniformly eject the assist gas from the perforated plate to the
powder channel and it is possible to reduce a frictional force
between the powder and the perforated plate, and thus it is
possible to more appropriately transport the powder.
The perforated plate is formed of perforated metal that is formed
from a plate in which holes are formed.
In such a perforated plate, by increasing or decreasing the number
of holes or by changing the diameter of the hole, it is possible to
more easily change a pressure loss in the perforated plate. For
this reason, a char removal pipe with such a perforated plate
applied thereto can be more easily fabricated.
The perforated plate is formed of a plurality of portions. A
pressure loss in a first portion among the plurality of portions is
different from a pressure loss in a second portion different from
the first portion among the plurality of portions.
In such a char removal pipe, it is possible to eject the assist gas
at a more appropriate pressure for each of the plurality of
portions. For this reason, in such a char removal pipe, when a
predetermined distribution is formed in an amount of the
accumulated powder, by ejecting the assist gas at a more
appropriate pressure for each of the plurality of portions, it is
possible to more appropriately transport the powder.
The gas chamber is provided with a plurality of gas chambers
corresponding to the plurality of portions. In this case, the
assist gas supplying device supplies the assist gas to the
plurality of gas chambers such that gas pressure of a first gas
chamber corresponding to the first portion among the plurality of
gas chambers is different from gas pressure of a second gas chamber
corresponding to the second portion among the plurality of gas
chambers.
In such a char removal pipe, it is possible to eject the assist gas
at a more appropriate pressure for each of the plurality of
portions. For this reason, in such a char removal pipe, when a
predetermined distribution is formed in an amount of the
accumulated powder, by ejecting the assist gas at a more
appropriate pressure for each of the plurality of portions, it is
possible to more appropriately transport the powder.
The assist gas supplying device is formed such that a flow rate at
which the assist gas is ejected from an upstream-side portion among
the plurality of portions is greater than a flow rate at which the
assist gas is ejected from a downstream-side portion that is
disposed further toward a downstream side of the powder channel
than the upstream-side portion among the plurality of portions.
The powder is more easily accumulated on the upstream-side portion
than the downstream-side portion. For this reason, in such a char
removal pipe, it is possible to eject more of the assist gas from
the upstream-side portion, and thus it is possible to more
appropriately transport the powder.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is
provided a char recovery device including: the char removal pipe
according to the above aspect of the present invention; a char
recovery device main body that separates char from a producer gas
that is produced when gasifying coal; and a char bin that stores
the char. The char removal pipe is provided such that the char is
transported from the char recovery device main body to the char bin
through the powder channel.
In such a char recovery device, the char removal pipe can more
appropriately transport the char, whereby even in a case where a
plurality of the char recovery device main bodies are provided, an
increase in the size of the char recovery device can be prevented.
That is, it is preferable that such a char removal pipe is applied
to the transportation of the char from the char recovery device
main body to the char bin.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, there
is provided a char recovery device including: the char removal pipe
according to the above aspect of the present invention; a char bin
that stores char that is separated from a producer gas that is
produced by a gasification furnace for gasifying coal; and a char
supply hopper that supplies the char to the gasification furnace.
The char removal pipe is provided such that the char is transported
from the char bin to the char supply hopper through the powder
channel.
In such a char recovery device, the char removal pipe can more
appropriately transport the char, whereby even in a case where a
plurality of the char supply hoppers are provided, an increase in
the size of the char recovery device can be prevented. That is, it
is preferable that such a char removal pipe is applied to the
transportation of the char from the char bin to the char supply
hopper.
3. Advantageous Effects of the Invention
In the char removal pipe according to the present invention, even
in a case where there is unevenness in the rate of accumulation of
powder which is accumulated on a porous body, it is possible to
more uniformly eject the assist gas from the porous body to the
powder channel, and thus it is possible to more appropriately
transport the powder.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a coal
gasification combined power generation facility to which a char
removal pipe according to the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a char recovery
device to which the char removal pipe according to the present
invention is applied.
FIG. 3 is a side view showing the char removal pipe according to
the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing a pressure loss when an assist gas flows
through a porous body on which powder is accumulated and a pressure
loss when an assist gas flows through a porous body on which powder
is not accumulated.
FIG. 5 is a side view showing a char removal pipe according to
another embodiment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a char removal pipe according to the
present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The char removal pipe is applied to a coal gasification combined
power generation facility. A coal gasification combined power
generation facility 10 is provided with a coal gasification furnace
1, a char recovery device 2, gas purification equipment 3, gas
turbine equipment 5, an exhaust heat recovery boiler 6, steam
turbine equipment 7, and a power generator 8, as shown in FIG. 1.
The coal gasification furnace 1 gasifies pulverized coal, thereby
producing a producer gas having combustibility. In the producer
gas, char or the like is mixed with a combustible gas.
The char recovery device 2 removes the char from the producer gas,
thereby producing a char-free producer gas. The gas purification
equipment 3 purifies the char-free producer gas, thereby producing
a purified producer gas. The gas turbine equipment 5 burns the
purified producer gas, thereby producing a high-temperature and
high-pressure combustion gas and generating rotational power. The
exhaust heat recovery boiler 6 recovers thermal energy from the
combustion gas and produces high-pressure steam. The steam turbine
equipment 7 generates rotational power by using the steam. The
power generator 8 converts the rotational power generated by the
gas turbine equipment 5 and the steam turbine equipment 7 into
electric power.
FIG. 2 shows the char recovery device 2. The char recovery device 2
is provided with a plurality of char recovery device main bodies
11-1 to 11-n (n=2, 3, 4, . . . ), a plurality of removal pipes for
char discharge 12-1 to 12-n, a char bin 14, a plurality of removal
pipes for char supply 15-1 to 15-m (m=2, 3, 4, . . . ), a plurality
of char supply hoppers 16-1 to 16-m, and a char return line 17.
Each of the plurality of char recovery device main bodies 11-1 to
11-n is formed of a dust collector for removing solid particulates
from gas. As the dust collector, a cyclone, a porous filter, an
electrical dust collector, or a granular bed may be exemplified. An
arbitrary char recovery device main body 11-i (i=1, 2, 3, . . . ,
or n) of the plurality of char recovery device main bodies 11-1 to
11-n separates the producer gas produced by the coal gasification
furnace 1 into an i-th char-free producer gas and powder.
Otherwise, the char recovery device main body 11-i separates an
(i-1)-th char-free producer gas separated by another char recovery
device main body 11-(i-1) different from the char recovery device
main body 11-i among the plurality of char recovery device main
bodies 11-1 to 11-n into the i-th char-free producer gas and
powder. The char-free producer gas which is produced by the char
recovery device 2 is formed from any of the plurality of char-free
producer gases which are respectively separated by the plurality of
char recovery device main bodies 11-1 to 11-n and contains an n-th
char-free producer gas separated by, for example, the char recovery
device main body 11-n. The powder is formed from solid particulates
and contains char which did not react in the coal gasification
furnace 1, of the pulverized coal.
The plurality of removal pipes for char discharge 12-1 to 12-n
correspond to the plurality of char recovery device main bodies
11-1 to 11-n. A removal pipe for char discharge 12-i corresponding
to the char recovery device main body 11-i among the plurality of
removal pipes for char discharge 12-1 to 12-n forms a flow path
which transports the powder from the char recovery device main body
11-i to the char bin 14.
The char bin 14 stores the powder which is supplied from the
plurality of char recovery device main bodies 11-1 to 11-n through
the plurality of removal pipes for char discharge 12-1 to 12-n. The
plurality of removal pipes for char supply 15-1 to 15-m correspond
to the plurality of char supply hoppers 16-1 to 16-m. An arbitrary
removal pipe for char supply 15-j (j=1, 2, 3, or m) of the
plurality of removal pipes for char supply 15-1 to 15-m forms a
flow path which transports the powder from the char bin 14 to a
char supply hopper 16-j corresponding to the removal pipe for char
supply 15-j among the plurality of char supply hoppers 16-1 to
16-m.
The char return line 17 forms a flow path which transports the
powder from the plurality of char supply hoppers 16-1 to 16-m to
the coal gasification furnace 1. The char supply hopper 16-j
intermittently supplies the powder to the coal gasification furnace
1 through the char return line 17 such that the powder stored by
the char bin is supplied to the coal gasification furnace 1 in a
predetermined amount per unit time.
FIG. 3 shows the removal pipe for char discharge 12-i. The removal
pipe for char discharge 12-i includes upstream-side vertically
downward piping 21, inclined piping 22, and downstream-side
vertically downward piping 23. The upstream-side vertically
downward piping 21 is formed of a pipe which forms a vertically
downward flow path 24. The upstream-side vertically downward piping
21 is disposed along a vertical line which is parallel to a
vertical direction, and disposed such that the surface of an inner
wall facing the vertically downward flow path 24 is substantially
parallel to the vertical direction. The inclined piping 22 is
formed of a pipe. The inclined piping 22 is disposed on the
vertically lower side (the downstream side) of the upstream-side
vertically downward piping 21 and disposed obliquely along a
straight line which is not parallel to the vertical direction. In
addition, the inclined piping 22 is disposed such that a position
at which an end on the upstream side of the inclined piping 22 is
orthographically projected to a vertical line is disposed further
toward the vertically upper side than a position at which an end on
the downstream side of the inclined piping 22 is orthographically
projected to the vertical line. The downstream-side vertically
downward piping 23 is formed of a pipe which forms a vertically
downward flow path 25. The downstream-side vertically downward
piping 23 is disposed on the vertically lower side (the downstream
side) of the inclined piping 22. In addition, the downstream-side
vertically downward piping 23 is disposed along a straight line
which is parallel to the vertical direction, and disposed such that
the surface of an inner wall facing the vertically downward flow
path 25 is substantially parallel to the vertical direction.
The removal pipe for char discharge 12-i is further provided with a
perforated plate 26 and an assist gas supplying device 28. The
perforated plate 26 is so-called perforated metal and is formed of
a flat metal plate in which a plurality of holes are formed. Each
of the plurality of holes is small to the extent that particulates
mixed with the producer gas do not pass therethrough. In addition,
the perforated plate 26 is formed such that a pressure loss per
unit area when an assist gas passes therethrough is uniform with
respect to a position. That is, the perforated plate 26 is formed
such that, when the perforated plate 26 is separated into a
plurality of areas, a plurality of pressure losses corresponding to
the plurality of areas are substantially equal to each other. A
pressure loss corresponding to a certain area among the plurality
of pressure losses is equal to a pressure loss per unit area of the
area when an assist gas passes through the area. The perforated
plate 26 is formed of perforated metal, thereby being able to be
easily formed so as to have a desired pressure loss. That is, in
the perforated plate 26, the pressure loss can be easily changed by
changing the diameters of the plurality of holes or changing the
density of the plurality of holes.
The perforated plate 26 is disposed inside the inclined piping 22
so as to separate the inside of the inclined piping 22 into an
inclined channel 29 and a gas chamber 30. In addition, the
perforated plate 26 is disposed such that, when powder flows
through the inclined channel 29, the powder is accumulated on the
perforated plate 26. That is, the perforated plate 26 is disposed
such that an area intersecting the inclined channel 29 of an
arbitrary vertical line is disposed further toward the vertically
upper side than an area intersecting the gas chamber 30 of the
vertical line, and such that the perforated plate 26 is disposed
substantially parallel to a straight line which the inclined piping
22 follows, and such that a line of intersection at which the
perforated plate 26 and a horizontal plane intersect is
perpendicular to the straight line. In addition, the inclined
piping 22 is joined to the upstream-side vertically downward piping
21 such that the inclined channel 29 is connected to the vertically
downward flow path 24 of the upstream-side vertically downward
piping 21. In addition, the inclined piping 22 is joined to the
downstream-side vertically downward piping 23 such that the
inclined channel 29 is connected to the vertically downward flow
path 25 of the downstream-side vertically downward piping 23.
The assist gas supplying device 28 supplies an assist gas to the
gas chamber 30 such that the gas pressure of the gas chamber 30
reaches a predetermined pressure. As the assist gas, nitrogen gas,
carbon dioxide gas, inert gas having an oxygen concentration of 3%
or less, or a combustible gas may be exemplified. As the
combustible gas, the char-free producer gas which is produced by
the char recovery device 2 or the purified producer gas which is
produced by the gas purification equipment 3 may be
exemplified.
The removal pipe for char supply 15-j is formed in the same manner
as the removal pipe for char discharge 12-i. That is, the removal
pipe for char supply 15-j includes the upstream-side vertically
downward piping 21, the inclined piping 22, and the downstream-side
vertically downward piping 23 and is provided with the perforated
plate 26 and the assist gas supplying device 28.
FIG. 4 shows the flow rate of an assist gas which passes through
the perforated plate 26 when powder has been accumulated on the
perforated plate 26. Powder 31 is accumulated on a powder
accumulation portion 32 of the perforated plate 26. That is, the
powder 31 is not accumulated on a powder non-accumulation portion
33 separate from the powder accumulation portion 32 of the
perforated plate 26. At this time, an assist gas 35 which has
passed through the powder accumulation portion 32 is supplied to
the inclined channel 29 by passing through the powder 31. An assist
gas 36 which has passed through the powder non-accumulation portion
33 is supplied to the inclined channel 29 without passing through
the powder 31. For this reason, a flow rate G1 of the assist gas 35
having passed through the powder accumulation portion 32 is equal
to the flow rate of an assist gas 35 which passes through the
powder 31. In addition, a flow rate G of the assist gas 34 supplied
to the gas chamber 30 is equal to the sum of the flow rate G1 of
the assist gas having passed through the powder accumulation
portion 32 and a flow rate G2 of the assist gas having passed
through the powder non-accumulation portion 33.
A pressure loss .DELTA.P1' per unit area when the assist gas passes
through the powder accumulation portion 32 is equal to a pressure
loss .DELTA.P2' per unit area when the assist gas passes through
the powder non-accumulation portion 33. A pressure loss per unit
area when the assist gas passes through both the powder
accumulation portion 32 and the powder 31 is substantially equal to
the sum (.DELTA.P1'+.DELTA.P1'') of the pressure loss .DELTA.P1'
per unit area when the assist gas passes through the powder
accumulation portion 32 and a pressure loss .DELTA.P1'' in the
powder 31. At this time, the pressure loss .DELTA.P1'' in the
powder 31 indicates a pressure loss per unit area when the assist
gas passes through the powder 31 when the powder 31 has been
accumulated to a predetermined height. The predetermined height
indicates the maximum value of a height to which the powder 31 is
accumulated on the perforated plate 26 when the powder 31 is
supplied to the inclined channel 29. For this reason, the flow rate
per unit area of the assist gas which passes through the powder
accumulation portion 32 and the flow rate per unit area of the
assist gas which passes through the powder non-accumulation portion
33 are determined by the pressure loss .DELTA.P1' per unit area
when the assist gas passes through the powder accumulation portion
32, the pressure loss .DELTA.P2' per unit area when the assist gas
passes through the powder non-accumulation portion 33, and the
pressure loss .DELTA.P1'' per unit area when the assist gas passes
through the powder 31. That is, when the pressure loss
(.DELTA.P1'+.DELTA.P1'') per unit area when the assist gas passes
through the powder accumulation portion 32 and the powder 31 is
greater than the pressure loss .DELTA.P2', the flow rate per unit
area of the assist gas which passes through the powder
non-accumulation portion 33 becomes greater than the flow rate per
unit area of the assist gas which passes through the powder
accumulation portion 32. In addition, when the quotient of the
pressure loss (.DELTA.P1'+.DELTA.P1'') per unit area when the
assist gas passes through the powder accumulation portion 32 and
the powder 31 divided by the pressure loss .DELTA.P2' is greater
than 1, the flow rate per unit area of the assist gas which passes
through the powder non-accumulation portion 33 becomes greater than
the flow rate per unit area of the assist gas which passes through
the powder accumulation portion 32.
The perforated plate 26 is formed such that the pressure loss
.DELTA.P1' (=.DELTA.P2') in the perforated plate 26 is sufficiently
greater than the pressure loss .DELTA.P1'' in the powder 31, that
is, such that the pressure loss .DELTA.P1' (.DELTA.P2') is greater
than a calculated pressure loss calculated based on the pressure
loss .DELTA.P1''. As the calculated pressure loss, the pressure
loss .DELTA.P1'' itself may be exemplified.
The coal gasification furnace 1 produces a producer gas by
gasifying pulverized coal and supplies the producer gas to the char
recovery device 2. If the producer gas is supplied to the char
recovery device 2, the char recovery device main body 11-i
separates the producer gas into the i-th char-free producer gas and
powder or separates the (i-1)-th char-free producer gas separated
by another char recovery device main body 11-(i-1) into the i-th
char-free producer gas and powder. The char recovery device 2
produces a char-free producer gas by mixing any of a plurality of
char-free producer gases which are respectively separated by the
plurality of char recovery device main bodies 11-1 to 11-n, and
supplies the char-free producer gas to the gas purification
equipment 3. The char recovery device main body 11-i supplies the
separated powder to the removal pipe for char discharge 12-i.
The assist gas supplying device 28 supplies an assist gas to the
gas chamber 30 of the removal pipe for char discharge 12-i at a
predetermined pressure when the char recovery device main body 11-i
is operating. In addition, the assist gas supplying device 28
supplies an assist gas to the gas chambers 30 of the removal pipes
for char supply 15-j at a predetermined pressure.
If the powder is supplied to the removal pipe for char discharge
12-i, first, the powder is supplied to the vertically downward flow
path 24. If the powder is supplied to the vertically downward flow
path 24, the powder falls due to the force of gravity, thereby
moving vertically downward through the vertically downward flow
path 24, and is supplied to the inclined channel 29. If the powder
is supplied to the inclined channel 29, the powder is accumulated
on the perforated plate 26. If an assist gas is supplied through
the perforated plate 26, the powder is fluidized, thereby causing
reduced friction with respect to the perforated plate 26, and thus
flows over the perforated plate 26 due to the force of gravity. The
powder flows over the perforated plate 26, thereby being supplied
to the vertically downward flow path 25. If the powder is supplied
to the vertically downward flow path 25, the powder falls due to
the force of gravity, thereby moving vertically downward through
the vertically downward flow path 25, and is supplied to the char
bin 14.
If the powder is supplied from each of the plurality of removal
pipes for char discharge 12-1 to 12-n to the char bin 14, the char
bin 14 temporarily stores the powder. The char bin 14 supplies the
stored powder to the plurality of removal pipes for char supply
15-1 to 15-m.
If the powder is supplied to the removal pipe for char supply 15-j,
first, the powder is supplied to the vertically downward flow path
24. If the powder is supplied to the vertically downward flow path
24, the powder falls due to the force of gravity, thereby moving
vertically downward through the vertically downward flow path 24,
and is supplied to the inclined channel 29. If the powder is
supplied to the inclined channel 29, the powder is accumulated on
the perforated plate 26. If an assist gas is supplied through the
perforated plate 26, the powder is fluidized, thereby causing
reduced friction with respect to the perforated plate 26, and thus
flows over the perforated plate 26 due to the force of gravity. The
powder flows over the perforated plate 26, thereby being supplied
to the vertically downward flow path 25. If the powder is supplied
to the vertically downward flow path 25, the powder falls due to
the force of gravity, thereby moving vertically downward through
the vertically downward flow path 25, and is supplied to the char
supply hopper 16-j.
The char supply hopper 16-j intermittently supplies the powder to
the coal gasification furnace 1 through the char return line 17
such that the supplied powder is supplied to the coal gasification
furnace 1 in a predetermined amount per unit time.
In the removal pipe for char discharge 12-i, even in a case where
the perforated plate 26 includes the powder accumulation portion 32
on which the powder 31 is accumulated and the powder
non-accumulation portion 33 on which the powder 31 is not
accumulated, as shown in FIG. 4, due to the pressure loss in the
perforated plate 26 being sufficiently greater than the pressure
loss in the powder 31, it is possible to cause the assist gas to
pass through the powder accumulation portion 32. For this reason,
in the removal pipe for char discharge 12-i, it is possible to
reduce the friction between the perforated plate 26 and the powder,
and thus even in a case where the inclined channel 29 is more
gently inclined, it is possible to cause the powder to smoothly
flow in the inclined channel 29.
In the removal pipe for char supply 15-j, similar to the removal
pipe for char discharge 12-i, due to the pressure loss in the
perforated plate 26 being sufficiently greater than the pressure
loss in the powder 31, even in a case where the inclined channel 29
is more gently inclined, it is possible to cause the powder to
smoothly flow in the inclined channel 29.
As a result, in the char recovery device 2, the removal pipe for
char discharge 12-i or the removal pipe for char supply 15-j is
applied thereto, whereby it is possible to design the char recovery
device 2 such that the inclined channel 29 is more gently inclined,
and thus it is possible to reduce the size of the device and it is
possible to reduce the manufacturing cost.
In addition, the perforated plate 26 can also be formed of other
porous bodies different from the perforated metal. As the porous
body, sintered metal may be exemplified. For example, in a
perforated plate formed of sintered metal, it is possible to change
a pressure loss therein by changing a plate thickness. In the char
removal pipe according to the present invention, even in a case
where such a porous body is applied to the perforated plate 26,
similar to the removal pipe for char discharge 12-i in the
embodiment described above, even in a case where the inclined
channel 29 is more gently inclined, it is possible to cause the
powder to smoothly flow in the inclined channel 29.
In addition, in the char recovery device 2, one assist gas
supplying device 28 need not be provided for each of the plurality
of removal pipes for char discharge 12-1 to 12-n and also a single
assist gas supplying device may be provided with respect to the
plurality of removal pipes for char discharge 12-1 to 12-n. In
addition, in the char recovery device 2, one assist gas supplying
device 28 need not be provided for each of the plurality of removal
pipes for char supply 15-1 to 15-m and also a single assist gas
supplying device may be provided with respect to the plurality of
removal pipes for char supply 15-1 to 15-m. In addition, in the
char recovery device 2, a single assist gas supplying device may
also be provided with respect to the plurality of removal pipes for
char discharge 12-1 to 12-n and the plurality of removal pipes for
char supply 15-1 to 15-m. Also in such a char removal pipe, similar
to the char recovery device 2 in the embodiment described above, it
is possible to cause the powder to smoothly flow in the inclined
channel 29, and thus, it is possible to design the char removal
pipe such that the inclined channel 29 is more gently inclined.
FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the char removal pipe according
to the present invention. A char removal pipe 40 includes
upstream-side vertically downward piping 41, inclined piping 42,
and downstream-side vertically downward piping 43. The
upstream-side vertically downward piping 41 is formed of a pipe
which forms a vertically downward flow path 44. The upstream-side
vertically downward piping 41 is disposed along a vertical line
which is parallel to a vertical direction, and disposed such that
the surface of an inner wall facing the vertically downward flow
path 44 is substantially parallel to the vertical direction. The
inclined piping 42 is formed of a pipe. The inclined piping 42 is
disposed on the vertically lower side (the downstream side) of the
upstream-side vertically downward piping 41 and disposed obliquely
along a straight line which is not parallel to the vertical
direction. In addition, the inclined piping 42 is disposed such
that a position at which an end on the upstream side of the
inclined piping 42 is orthographically projected to a vertical line
is disposed further toward the vertically upper side than a
position at which an end on the downstream side of the inclined
piping 42 is orthographically projected to the vertical line. The
downstream-side vertically downward piping 43 is formed of a pipe
which forms a vertically downward flow path 45. The downstream-side
vertically downward piping is disposed on the vertically lower side
(the downstream side) of the inclined piping 42. In addition, the
downstream-side vertically downward piping 43 is disposed along a
straight line which is parallel to the vertical direction, and
disposed such that the surface of an inner wall facing the
vertically downward flow path 45 is substantially parallel to the
vertical direction.
The char removal pipe 40 is provided with a plurality of perforated
plates 46-1 to 46-L (L=2, 3, 4, . . . ), a plurality of partition
plates 47, and an assist gas supplying device 48. An arbitrary
perforated plate 46-k (k=1, 2, 3, or L) among the plurality of
perforated plates 46-1 to 46-L is formed of a flat metal plate in
which a plurality of holes are formed. In addition, the perforated
plate 46-k is formed such that a pressure loss per unit area when
an assist gas passes therethrough is uniform with respect to a
position. In addition, the plurality of perforated plates 46-1 to
46-L are formed such that a pressure loss per unit area in the
perforated plate 46-k is different from a pressure loss per unit
area in another perforated plate 46-(k-1). The plurality of
partition plates 47 are formed of a metal plate through which an
assist gas does not pass.
In addition, the plurality of perforated plates 46-1 to 46-L is
disposed such that, when powder flows through an inclined channel
49, the powder is accumulated on the plurality of perforated plates
46-1 to 46-L. The plurality of perforated plates 46-1 to 46-L and
the plurality of partition plates 47 are disposed inside the
inclined piping 42 so as to separate the inside of the inclined
piping 42 into the inclined channel 49 and a plurality of gas
chambers 50-1 to 50-L. The plurality of gas chambers 50-1 to 50-L
correspond to the plurality of perforated plates 46-1 to 46-L. The
perforated plate 46-k corresponding to a gas chamber 50-k among the
plurality of perforated plates 46-1 to 46-L isolates the gas
chamber 50-k from the inclined channel 49. The plurality of
partition plates 47 isolate an arbitrary gas chamber 50-k among the
plurality of gas chambers 50-1 to 50-L from another gas chamber
50-(k-1) among the plurality of gas chambers 50-1 to 50-L.
In addition, the inclined piping 42 is joined to the upstream-side
vertically downward piping 41 such that the inclined channel 49 is
connected to the vertically downward flow path 44 of the
upstream-side vertically downward piping 41. In addition, the
inclined piping 42 is joined to the downstream-side vertically
downward piping 43 such that the inclined channel 49 is connected
to the vertically downward flow path 45 of the downstream-side
vertically downward piping 43.
The assist gas supplying device 48 is provided with an assist gas
flow path 51 and a plurality of orifices 52-1 to 52-L. An assist
gas having a predetermined pressure is supplied to the assist gas
flow path 51. The plurality of orifices 52-1 to 52-L correspond to
the plurality of gas chambers 50-1 to 50-L. An orifice 52-k
corresponding to the gas chamber 50-k among the plurality of
orifices 52-1 to 52-L is provided between the assist gas flow path
51 and the gas chamber 50-k and generates a difference in pressure
between the assist gas flow path 51 and the gas chamber 50-k such
that an assist gas of a predetermined flow rate is supplied to the
gas chamber 50-k. In addition, the plurality of orifices 52-1 to
52-L are formed such that the gas pressure of the gas chamber 50-k
is different from the gas pressure of another gas chamber
50-(k-1).
In a char recovery device to which the char removal pipe 40 is
applied, the removal pipe for char discharge 12-i of the char
recovery device 2 in the embodiment described above is substituted
for the char removal pipe and the removal pipe for char supply 15-j
is substituted for the char removal pipe 40.
In the char removal pipe 40, similar to the removal pipe for char
discharge 12-i in the embodiment described above, it is possible to
cause an assist gas to sufficiently pass through an area on which
powder is accumulated, of the perforated plate 46-k, and thus even
in a case where the inclined channel 49 is more gently inclined, it
is possible to cause the powder to smoothly flow in the inclined
channel 49. As a result, the char recovery device to which the char
removal pipe 40 is applied can be designed such that the inclined
channel 49 is more gently inclined, and thus it is possible to
reduce the size of the device and it is possible to reduce the
manufacturing cost.
The char removal pipe 40 can be formed such that the plurality of
perforated plates 46-1 to 46-L and the plurality of orifices 52-1
to 52-L are appropriately formed, whereby a plurality of flow rates
corresponding to the plurality of perforated plates 46-1 to 46-L
are different from each other. The flow rate corresponding to the
perforated plate 46-k among the plurality of flow rates indicates a
flow rate of passing through the perforated plate 46-k. In the char
removal pipe 40, there is a case where the plurality of perforated
plates 46-1 to 46-L include a perforated plate in which it is easy
for the powder to be accumulated thereon when powder flows through
the inclined channel 49, and a perforated plate in which it is hard
for the powder to be accumulated thereon. In the char removal pipe
40, by forming the plurality of perforated plates 46-1 to 46-L and
the plurality of orifices 52-1 to 52-L such that more assist gas
passes through the perforated plate in which it is easy for the
powder to be accumulated thereon, it is possible to cause powder to
more efficiently flow in the inclined channel 49, as compared to
the removal pipe for char discharge 12-i in the embodiment
described above. For example, in the char removal pipe 40, by
forming the plurality of perforated plates 46-1 to 46-L and the
plurality of orifices 52-1 to 52-L such that when it is easy for
powder to be accumulated on the upstream side, the flow rate of the
assist gas passing through the perforated plate on the upstream
side among the plurality of perforated plates 46-1 to 46-L is
greater than the flow rate of the assist gas passing through the
perforated plate on the downstream side among the plurality of
perforated plates 46-1 to 46-L, it is possible to cause the powder
to efficiently flow in the inclined channel 49.
In addition, the assist gas supplying device 48 can also be
replaced with another assist gas supplying device which supplies an
assist gas to the plurality of gas chambers 50-1 to 50-L such that
the gas pressures of the plurality of gas chambers 50-1 to 50-L are
equal to each other. A char removal pipe with such an assist gas
supplying device applied thereto can be formed such that the
plurality of perforated plates 46-1 to 46-L are appropriately
formed, whereby a plurality of flow rates corresponding to the
plurality of perforated plates 46-1 to 46-L are different from each
other. For this reason, in such a char removal pipe, similar to the
char removal pipe 40 in the embodiment described above, it is
possible to cause powder to efficiently flow in the inclined
channel 49. In addition, in such a char removal pipe, it is also
possible to omit the plurality of orifices 52-1 to 52-L and the
plurality of partition plates 47, and thus the char removal pipe
can be more easily fabricated, as compared to the char removal pipe
40 in the embodiment described above.
In addition, the plurality of perforated plates 46-1 to 46-L can be
replaced with a plurality of other perforated plates in which
pressure losses are equal to each other. A char removal pipe with
the plurality of such perforated plates applied thereto can be
formed such that the plurality of orifices 52-1 to 52-L are
appropriately formed, whereby a plurality of flow rates
corresponding to the plurality of perforated plates 46-1 to 46-L
are different from each other. For this reason, in such a char
removal pipe, similar to the char removal pipe 40 in the embodiment
described above, it is possible to cause powder to efficiently flow
in the inclined channel 49. In addition, in such a char removal
pipe, the plurality of perforated plates can be easily fabricated,
and thus the char removal pipe can be more easily fabricated, as
compared to the char removal pipe 40 in the embodiment described
above.
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST
22: INCLINED PIPING 26: PERFORATED PLATE 28: ASSIST GAS SUPPLYING
DEVICE 29: INCLINED CHANNEL 30: GAS CHAMBER
* * * * *