U.S. patent number 9,625,759 [Application Number 14/784,367] was granted by the patent office on 2017-04-18 for color filter substrate, liquid crystal display panel, and liquid crystal display device.
This patent grant is currently assigned to SHARP KABUSHIKI KAISHA. The grantee listed for this patent is Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha. Invention is credited to Makoto Eguchi.
United States Patent |
9,625,759 |
Eguchi |
April 18, 2017 |
Color filter substrate, liquid crystal display panel, and liquid
crystal display device
Abstract
A dye-sensitized solar cell is formed on a substrate, and a
coloring material pattern is formed on the substrate in an area
different from an area where the dye-sensitized solar cell is
disposed. The dye-sensitized solar cell includes a positive
electrode and a negative electrode disposed facing one another, and
a sensitizing dye adsorption layer and an electrolyte layer both
formed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
The coloring material pattern transmits wavelength components of
light that differ from wavelength components of light transmitted
by the sensitizing dye adsorption layer.
Inventors: |
Eguchi; Makoto (Osaka,
JP) |
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha |
Osaka |
N/A |
JP |
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Assignee: |
SHARP KABUSHIKI KAISHA (Osaka,
JP)
|
Family
ID: |
51791475 |
Appl.
No.: |
14/784,367 |
Filed: |
February 26, 2014 |
PCT
Filed: |
February 26, 2014 |
PCT No.: |
PCT/JP2014/054705 |
371(c)(1),(2),(4) Date: |
October 14, 2015 |
PCT
Pub. No.: |
WO2014/174890 |
PCT
Pub. Date: |
October 30, 2014 |
Prior Publication Data
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Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
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US 20160062179 A1 |
Mar 3, 2016 |
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Foreign Application Priority Data
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Apr 25, 2013 [JP] |
|
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2013-092935 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G02F
1/13306 (20130101); G02F 1/133514 (20130101); G02F
1/133555 (20130101); H01G 9/2068 (20130101); G02F
1/13439 (20130101); G02F 1/1362 (20130101); G02F
2201/40 (20130101); G02F 1/13324 (20210101); G02F
2202/04 (20130101); G02F 2201/52 (20130101); Y02E
10/542 (20130101); H01G 9/2031 (20130101); H01G
9/2059 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G02F
1/1335 (20060101); G02F 1/1343 (20060101); H01G
9/20 (20060101); G02F 1/1362 (20060101); G02F
1/133 (20060101) |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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2000-268891 |
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Sep 2000 |
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JP |
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2012-64550 |
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Mar 2012 |
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JP |
|
Primary Examiner: Dudek; James
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Chen Yoshimura LLP
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A color filter substrate, comprising: a substrate; a
dye-sensitized solar cell disposed on the substrate; and a coloring
material pattern disposed on the substrate in an area different
from an area where the dye-sensitized solar cell is disposed,
wherein the dye-sensitized solar cell includes a positive electrode
and a negative electrode disposed facing one another, and a
sensitizing dye adsorption layer and an electrolyte layer both
formed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode,
wherein the coloring material pattern transmits wavelength
components of light that differ from wavelength components of light
transmitted by the sensitizing dye adsorption layer, wherein a
plurality of pixels are defined on the substrate, each pixel having
the dye-sensitized solar cell and the coloring material pattern,
wherein the plurality of pixels are grouped into a plurality of
colored groups each assigned different colors, and wherein the
wavelength components transmitted by the sensitizing dye adsorption
layer in the dye-sensitized solar cell in each pixel differ each
colored group, and the wavelength components transmitted by the
coloring material pattern in each pixel differ for each colored
group.
2. The color filter substrate according to claim 1, wherein a ratio
of an area of the dye-sensitized solar cell to an area of the
coloring material pattern in each pixel differs for each colored
group.
3. The color filter substrate according to claim 1, wherein a
portion of the sensitizing dye adsorption layer in the
dye-sensitized solar cell in each of the pixels is dyed black to
shield the respective pixels from light.
4. The color filter substrate according to claim 1, wherein the
positive electrode and the negative electrode are transparent
electrodes.
5. A liquid crystal display panel, comprising: a device substrate
and an opposite substrate arranged facing one another; and a liquid
crystal layer provided between the device substrate and the
opposite substrate, wherein one of the device substrate and the
opposite substrate is a color filter substrate that comprises: a
substrate; a dye-sensitized solar cell disposed on the substrate;
and a coloring material pattern disposed on the substrate in an
area different from an area where the dye-sensitized solar cell is
disposed, wherein the dye-sensitized solar cell includes a positive
electrode and a negative electrode disposed facing one another, and
a sensitizing dye adsorption layer and an electrolyte layer both
formed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode,
and wherein the coloring material pattern transmits wavelength
components of light that differ from wavelength components of light
transmitted by the sensitizing dye adsorption layer.
6. A liquid crystal display panel, comprising: a device substrate
and an opposite substrate arranged facing one another; and a liquid
crystal layer provided between the device substrate and the
opposite substrate, wherein one of the device substrate and the
opposite substrate is the color filter substrate according to claim
2, wherein a plurality of pixel electrodes are formed on a surface
of the device substrate that faces the liquid crystal layer, and
wherein the pixels are defined in the color filter substrate so as
to overlap with the pixel electrodes, respectively, in a plan
view.
7. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 6, wherein
the pixel electrodes are transparent electrodes.
8. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 6, wherein
the pixel electrodes are reflective electrodes.
9. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 6, wherein
each of the pixel electrodes has a transmissive portion and a
reflective portion.
10. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 9, wherein
one of either the coloring material pattern or at least a portion
of the sensitizing dye adsorption layer of the dye-sensitized solar
cell is formed in a transmissive region that overlaps with the
transmissive portion of the pixel electrode in a plan view, and the
other of either the coloring material pattern or at least the
portion of the sensitizing dye adsorption layer is formed in a
reflective region that overlaps with the reflective portion of the
pixel electrode in a plan view.
11. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 9, wherein
each pixel has at least two of the coloring material patterns and
at least two of the sensitizing dye adsorption layers, wherein one
of the coloring material patterns and at least a portion of one of
the sensitizing dye adsorption layers are both formed in a
transmissive region that overlaps with the transmissive portion of
the pixel electrode in a plan view, and another of the coloring
material patterns and at least a portion of another of the
sensitizing dye adsorption layers are both formed in a reflective
region that overlaps with the reflective portion of the pixel
electrode in a plan view, and wherein a ratio of a region in which
the sensitizing dye adsorption layer of the dye-sensitized solar
cell is formed to a region in which the coloring material pattern
is formed in the transmissive regions is different than a ratio of
a region in which the sensitizing dye adsorption pattern is formed
to a region in which the coloring material pattern is formed in the
reflective region.
12. A liquid crystal display device, comprising: the liquid crystal
display panel according to claim 5; and a power source that
supplies electrical power to the liquid crystal display panel,
wherein the dye-sensitized solar cell supplies electrical power to
at least the power source.
13. A liquid crystal display device, comprising: the liquid crystal
display panel according to claim 5; and a light source that
irradiates the liquid crystal display panel with illumination
light, wherein the dye-sensitized solar cell supplies electrical
power to at least the light source.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a color filter substrate, a liquid
crystal display panel, and a liquid crystal display device.
The present application claims the benefit of Patent Application
No. 2013-092935 filed in Japan on Apr. 25, 2013, the entire
contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
BACKGROUND ART
In recent years, development of liquid crystal display devices has
been robust. The majority of these liquid crystal display devices
are equipped with an active matrix-driven liquid crystal display
panel.
More specifically, such liquid crystal display panels typically
include a device substrate and an opposite substrate arranged
facing one another and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between
the device substrate and the opposite substrate. On the surface of
the device substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, a plurality
of pixel electrodes are arranged in a matrix pattern.
Moreover, on the surface of the device substrate or the opposite
substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, a plurality of color
filter layers containing coloring materials (pigment or dye) in
colors such as red (R), green (G), or blue (B) are arranged in a
repeating pattern. These color filter layers are formed in regions
known as pixel regions that overlap with the respective pixel
electrodes when viewed in a plan view.
In a liquid crystal display device equipped with a transmissive
liquid crystal display panel, white illumination light emitted from
a backlight enters the liquid crystal display panel from the device
substrate side. Furthermore, red light, green light, and blue light
are emitted from the opposite substrate side of the liquid crystal
display panel, thereby making it possible to display color
images.
In such liquid crystal display panels, while it appears as though
the color filter layers color the white illumination light emitted
from the backlight, in reality the color filter layers simply
transmit only certain wavelength components of the light according
to the coloring materials used and absorb the other wavelength
components. For example, the red color filter layers transmit the
red wavelength components of the illumination light and absorb the
other green and blue wavelength components.
Therefore, in such liquid crystal display panels, only a relatively
small amount of the illumination light emitted from the backlight
is actually used to display images, with most of the light not
being used and going to waste. The amount of light that a liquid
crystal display panel transmits relative to the total amount of
illumination light from the backlight that originally enters the
liquid crystal display panel is generally known as transmittance.
The liquid crystal display panels used in mobile phones, for
example, typically have a transmittance on the order of a few
percent. The reason the transmittance of liquid crystal display
panels is so low is because of this large amount of light that is
absorbed by the color filter layers and not transmitted.
Moreover, the fact that the transmittance of such liquid crystal
display panels is so low also means that much of the electrical
power consumed to illuminate the backlight goes to waste.
To make use of this light that is not used to display images and
would otherwise be wasted, liquid crystal display devices in which
the color filter layers are made using dye-sensitized solar cells
that convert the light absorbed by the color filter layers to
electrical power have been proposed (see Patent Document 1, for
example).
In dye-sensitized solar cells, sensitizing dye adsorption layers
formed by adsorbing a dye (a sensitizing dye) into the surfaces of
titanium dioxide particles and an electrolyte layer containing
iodine are arranged between a positive electrode and a negative
electrode, for example. Irradiating the dye-sensitized solar cell
with light creates an electromotive force between the positive
electrode and the negative electrode.
RELATED ART DOCUMENT
Patent Document
Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open
Publication No. 2000-268891
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Problems to be Solved by the Invention
However, when using dye-sensitized solar cells as color filter
layers, the color of the light transmitted by the color filter
layers is the color of the dye contained in the sensitizing dye
adsorption layers. In addition, the options for dyes that can be
used in the sensitizing dye adsorption layers are limited in
comparison with the options for coloring materials that are
normally used in color filter layers. Therefore, using
dye-sensitized solar cells for the color filter layers makes color
adjustment more difficult than when using color filter layers made
using conventional coloring materials, and color reproduction
suffers as a result.
The present invention was made in order to solve the abovementioned
problems and aims to provide a color filter substrate in which
color filter layers made using dye-sensitized solar cells exhibit
improved color reproduction, as well as a liquid crystal display
panel and a liquid crystal display device provided with the
same.
Means for Solving the Problems
The present invention employs the following to achieve the
abovementioned objective.
(1) A color filter substrate according to one aspect of the present
invention includes: a substrate; a dye-sensitized solar cell
disposed on the substrate; and a coloring material pattern disposed
on the substrate in an area different from an area where the
dye-sensitized solar cell is disposed, wherein the dye-sensitized
solar cell includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode
disposed facing one another, and a sensitizing dye adsorption layer
and an electrolyte layer both formed between the positive electrode
and the negative electrode, and wherein the coloring material
pattern transmits wavelength components of light that differ from
wavelength components of light transmitted by the sensitizing dye
adsorption layer.
(2) In the color filter substrate according to (1), a plurality of
pixels may be defined on the substrate, each pixel having the
dye-sensitized solar cell and the coloring material pattern, the
plurality of pixels may be grouped into a plurality of colored
groups each assigned different colors, and the wavelength
components transmitted by the sensitizing dye adsorption layer in
the dye-sensitized solar cell in each pixel may differ each colored
group, and the wavelength components transmitted by the coloring
material pattern in each pixel may differ for each colored
group.
(3) In the color filter substrate according to (2), may further
include a ratio of an area of the dye-sensitized solar cell to an
area of the coloring material pattern in each pixel differs for
each colored group.
(4) In color filter substrate according to any one of (1) to (3), a
portion of the sensitizing dye adsorption layer in the
dye-sensitized solar cell in each of the pixels may be dyed black
to shield the respective pixels from light.
(5) In the color filter substrate according to any one of (1) to
(4), the positive electrode and the negative electrode may be
transparent electrodes.
(6) A liquid crystal display panel according to one aspect of the
present invention includes: a device substrate and an opposite
substrate arranged facing one another; and a liquid crystal layer
formed between the device substrate and the opposite substrate,
wherein one of the device substrate and the opposite substrate is
the color filter substrate according to any one of (1) to (5).
(7) A liquid crystal display panel according to one aspect of the
present invention includes: a device substrate and an opposite
substrate arranged facing one another; and a liquid crystal layer
provided between the device substrate and the opposite substrate,
wherein one of the device substrate and the opposite substrate is
the color filter substrate according to (3), wherein a plurality of
pixel electrodes are formed on a surface of the device substrate
that faces the liquid crystal layer, and wherein the pixels are
defined in the color filter substrate so as to overlap with the
pixel electrodes, respectively, in a plan view.
(8) In the liquid crystal display panel according to (7), the pixel
electrodes may be transparent electrodes.
(9) In the liquid crystal display panel according to (7), the pixel
electrodes may be reflective electrodes.
(10) In the liquid crystal display panel according to (7), each of
the pixel electrodes may have a transmissive portion and a
reflective portion.
(11) In the liquid crystal display panel according to (10), one of
either the coloring material pattern or at least a portion of the
sensitizing dye adsorption layer of the dye-sensitized solar cell
may be formed in a transmissive region that overlaps with the
transmissive portion of the pixel electrode in a plan view, and the
other of either the coloring material pattern or at least the
portion of the sensitizing dye adsorption layer may be formed in a
reflective region that overlaps with the reflective portion of the
pixel electrode in a plan view.
(12) In the liquid crystal display panel according to (10), each
pixel may have at least two of the coloring material patterns and
at least two of the sensitizing dye adsorption layers, one of the
coloring material patterns and at least a portion of one of the
sensitizing dye adsorption layers may both formed in a transmissive
region that overlaps with the transmissive portion of the pixel
electrode in a plan view, and another of the coloring material
patterns and at least a portion of another of the sensitizing dye
adsorption layers may be both formed in a reflective region that
overlaps with the reflective portion of the pixel electrode in a
plan view, and a ratio of a region in which the sensitizing dye
adsorption layer of the dye-sensitized solar cell is formed to a
region in which the coloring material pattern is formed in the
transmissive regions may be different than a ratio of a region in
which the sensitizing dye adsorption pattern is formed to a region
in which the coloring material pattern is formed in the reflective
region.
(13) A liquid crystal display device according to one aspect of the
present invention includes: the liquid crystal display panel
according to any one of (6) to (12); and a power source that
supplies electrical power to the liquid crystal display panel,
wherein the dye-sensitized solar cell supplies electrical power to
at least the power source.
(14) A liquid crystal display device according to one aspect of the
present invention includes: the liquid crystal display panel
according to any one of (6) to (8) or (10) to (12); and a light
source that irradiates the liquid crystal display panel with
illumination light, wherein the dye-sensitized solar cell supplies
electrical power to at least the light source.
Effects of the Invention
As described above, in one aspect of the present invention, the
color filter layers of the present invention include both
sensitizing dye adsorption layers and coloring material layers
which can be used to adjust the colors of light transmitted by the
color filter layers. Therefore, the present invention makes it
possible to improve the color reproduction of color filter layers
made using dye-sensitized solar cells.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a configuration of a liquid
crystal display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present
invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view schematically illustrating a configuration of
the liquid crystal display panel illustrated in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a
configuration of the liquid crystal display panel illustrated in
FIG. 1.
FIG. 4A is a first plan view illustrating an example of a
configuration of sensitizing dye adsorption layers and coloring
material layers in color filter layers.
FIG. 4B is a second plan view illustrating an example of a
configuration of sensitizing dye adsorption layers and coloring
material layers in color filter layers.
FIG. 4C is a third plan view illustrating an example of a
configuration of sensitizing dye adsorption layers and coloring
material layers in color filter layers.
FIG. 5 is a chromaticity diagram illustrating a color reproduction
range of color filter layers that include both sensitizing dye
adsorption layers and coloring material layers and a color
reproduction range of color filter layers that include only
sensitizing dye adsorption layers.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a
configuration of a liquid crystal display panel and a liquid
crystal display device according to Embodiment 2 of the present
invention.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a
configuration of a liquid crystal display panel and a liquid
crystal display device according to Embodiment 3 of the present
invention.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a
configuration of a liquid crystal display panel and a liquid
crystal display device according to Embodiment 4 of the present
invention.
FIG. 9A is a first plan view illustrating a configuration of a
color filter layer.
FIG. 9B is a second plan view illustrating a configuration of a
color filter layer.
FIG. 9C is a third plan view illustrating a configuration of a
color filter layer.
FIG. 9D is a fourth plan view illustrating a configuration of a
color filter layer.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with
reference to figures. Note that in the attached figures, the
dimensions and relative scale of some of the components illustrated
have been altered to make those components easier to see.
<Embodiment 1>
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a configuration of a liquid
crystal display device 1A according to Embodiment 1 of the present
invention.
As illustrated in FIG. 1, a liquid crystal display device 1A
includes a transmissive liquid crystal display panel 100A, a
backlight 200 that serves as a light source and irradiates the
liquid crystal display panel 100A with illumination light WL, and a
battery 300 that serves as a power source and supplies power to the
liquid crystal display panel 100A and the backlight 200.
Furthermore, polarizing plates 101a and 101b are provided on the
light-receiving surface side and light-exiting surface side,
respectively, of the liquid crystal display panel 100A.
FIG. 2 is a plan view schematically illustrating a configuration of
the liquid crystal display panel 100A. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional
view (taken along line A-A in FIG. 2) schematically illustrating a
configuration of the main components of the liquid crystal display
panel 100A.
As illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, the liquid crystal display panel
100A includes a device substrate 2 and an opposite substrate 3
arranged facing one another and a liquid crystal layer 4 sandwiched
between the device substrate 2 and the opposite substrate 3.
In the liquid crystal display panel 100A, a sealing material 5 is
formed between the device substrate 2 and the opposite substrate 3
around the peripheries thereof, and liquid crystal is injected into
that sealed region to form the liquid crystal layer 4 that is
sandwiched between the device substrate 2 and the opposite
substrate 3.
Spacers (not illustrated in the figure) are formed within the
liquid crystal layer 4 in order to maintain a prescribed gap
between the device substrate 2 and the opposite substrate 3.
Alignment films (not illustrated in the figure) that align the
liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 4 are formed
on the surfaces of the device substrate 2 and the opposite
substrate 3 that contact the liquid crystal layer 4.
On the surface of the device substrate 2 that faces the liquid
crystal layer 4, a display region AR1 that is rectangular when
viewed in a plan view and a peripheral region AR2 that has a
rectangular frame shape around the display region AR1 when viewed
in a plan view are formed.
In the display region AR1 of the device substrate 2, a plurality of
source bus lines SL1 to SLm, a plurality of gate bus lines GL1 to
GLn, and a plurality of switching elements (not illustrated in the
figure) are formed. Note that in the following description, the
plurality of source bus lines SL1 to SLm are referred to
collectively as "the source bus lines SL", and the plurality of
gate bus lines GL1 to GLn are referred to collectively as "the gate
bus lines GL".
The source bus lines SL are arranged side-by-side and running
parallel to one another in a first direction (the vertical
direction of the liquid crystal display panel 100A as illustrated
in FIG. 2). The gate bus lines GL are arranged side by side and
running parallel to one another in a direction orthogonal to the
first direction (the horizontal direction of the liquid crystal
display panel 100A as illustrated in FIG. 2). Moreover, the source
bus lines SL and the gate bus lines GL do not necessarily have to
be mutually orthogonal. The source bus lines SL and the gate bus
lines GL may also intersect with one another at an angle other than
90.degree..
In the display region AR1 of the device substrate 2, a plurality of
pixel electrodes P11 to Pnm are arranged in a matrix pattern. Each
pixel electrode P11 to Pnm is arranged within one of the
rectangular regions in the lattice pattern formed by the source bus
lines SL and the gate bus lines GL. Note that in the following
description, the plurality of pixel electrodes P11 to Pnm are
referred to collectively as "the pixel electrodes P."
The pixel electrodes P are transparent electrodes formed using a
transparent conductive material such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or
indium zinc oxide (IZO), for example.
The switching elements (not illustrated in the figures) are thin
film transistors (TFT), for example. One TFT is formed at each
intersection between the source bus lines SL and the gate bus lines
GL. Furthermore, the source electrodes of the TFTs are electrically
connected to the respective source bus lines SL, the drain
electrodes of the TFTs are electrically connected to the respective
pixel electrodes P, and the gate electrodes of the TFTs are
electrically connected to the respective gate bus lines GL.
In the peripheral region AR2 of the device substrate 2, peripheral
circuits such as a source driver 6 and a gate driver 7 are formed.
The source driver 6 and the gate driver 7 are arranged inside the
region formed by the sealing material 5.
The source driver 6 is arranged running in the direction in which
the source bus lines SL are arranged side by side (that is, the
horizontal line direction). One of the ends of each of the source
bus lines SL is electrically connected to the source driver 6.
The gate driver 7 is arranged running in the direction in which the
gate bus lines GL are arranged side by side (that is, the vertical
line direction). One of the ends of each of the gate bus lines GL
is electrically connected to the gate driver 7.
The device substrate 2 is larger than the opposite substrate 3 when
viewed in a plan view. The sealing material 5 is formed running
around the periphery of the opposite substrate 3 and has a
rectangular frame shape when viewed in a plan view. The device
substrate 2 and the opposite substrate 3 are fixed together by the
sealing material 5.
On the outer side of the region formed by the sealing material 5,
the device substrate 2 protrudes out from the opposite substrate 3
and forms a protruding region 2S. A control circuit 8 and a
plurality of terminals 9 are formed on the protruding region
2S.
The control circuit 8 sends control signals for displaying images
to the source driver 6 and the gate driver 7. Control signals sent
to the source driver 6 include source start pulses (SSP), source
shift clock signals (SSC), source output enable signals (SOE), and
polarity control signals (POL), for example. Control signals sent
to the gate driver 7 include gate start pulses (GSP), gate shift
clock signals (GSC), and gate output enable signals (GOE), for
example.
The gate driver 7 sequentially sends scanning signals to the gate
bus lines GL1 to GLn in order from GL1 to GL2, GL3, . . . , GLn.
These scanning signals drive the switching elements on a horizontal
line basis.
The source driver 6 converts the received image signals to analog
image signals. During each horizontal scanning period in which a
scanning signal is sent to one of the gate bus lines GL, the source
driver 6 sends one horizontal line's worth of image signals to the
source bus lines SL1 to SLm.
The terminals 9 are arranged side by side in a region that runs in
the horizontal line direction (a terminal region AR3). These
terminals 9 are electrically connected to the source driver 6 and
the gate driver 7.
A substrate such as a glass substrate that is transparent to light
(a transparent substrate) 11 is used as the device substrate 2, for
example. The device substrate 2 includes the pixel electrodes P,
the switching elements, the peripheral circuits (source driver 6
and gate driver 7), the control circuit 8, the terminals 9, and the
like that are all provided on the surface of the transparent
substrate 11 that faces the liquid crystal layer 4.
A substrate such as a glass substrate that is transparent to light
(a transparent substrate) 12 is used for the opposite substrate 3,
for example. On the surface of the transparent substrate 12 of the
opposite substrate 3 that faces the liquid crystal layer 4, a
common opposite electrode T that faces the pixel electrodes P is
formed. The opposite electrode T is a transparent electrode formed
using a transparent conductive material such as ITO or IZO, for
example.
The opposite substrate 3 corresponds to the color filter substrate
of the present invention. In other words, on the surface of the
opposite substrate 3 that faces the liquid crystal layer 4, a color
filter layer 13 that includes a dye-sensitized solar cell layer 20
is formed.
The color filter layer 13 includes red color filter layers 13R that
transmit red light RL, green color filter layers 13G that transmit
green light GL, and blue color filter layers 13B that transmit blue
light BL, for example. These color filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B
are arranged side by side in a repeating pattern, for example.
The red color filter layers 13R, the green color filter layers 13G,
and the blue color filter layers 13B are formed in a regions known
as pixel regions that overlap with the respective pixel electrodes
P when viewed in a plan view.
The dye-sensitized solar cell layer 20 includes a sensitizing dye
adsorption layer 23 and an electrolyte layer 24 arranged between a
positive electrode 21 and a negative electrode 22, for example.
Irradiating the dye-sensitized solar cell layer 20 with light
creates an electromotive force between the positive electrode 21
and the negative electrode 22. In the present embodiment, the
positive electrode 21, the electrolyte layer 24, the sensitizing
dye adsorption layer 23, and the negative electrode 22 are layered
in that order on the surface of the opposite substrate 3 that faces
the liquid crystal layer 4.
The positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 are
transparent electrodes formed using a transparent conductive
material such as ITO or IZO, for example. As illustrated in FIG. 1,
the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 are
electrically connected to the power supply circuit of the backlight
200 and to the battery 300 via wires 401 and 402.
The sensitizing dye adsorption layer 23 is made from a highly
porous thin film in which a dye (a sensitizing dye) is adsorbed
onto the surfaces of titanium dioxide (TiO.sub.2) particles, for
example. A transition metal complex such as ruthenium, a metal such
as phthalocyanine or porphyrin, or a non-metal may be used for the
sensitizing dye, for example.
The red color filter layers 13R, the green color filter layers 13G,
and the blue color filter layers 13B are part of the dye-sensitized
solar cell layer 20. In other words, the color filter layers 13R,
13G, and 13B include sensitizing dye adsorption layers 23R, 23G,
and 23B corresponding to each color and are arranged together with
the electrolyte layer 24 between the positive electrode 21 and the
negative electrode 22.
More specifically, the red color filter layers 13R include red
sensitizing dye adsorption layers 23R that contain a red
sensitizing dye. The green color filter layers 13G include green
sensitizing dye adsorption layers 23G that contain a green
sensitizing dye. The blue color filter layers 13B include blue
sensitizing dye adsorption layers 23B that contain a blue
sensitizing dye.
The electrolyte layer 24 is made from an electrolyte that contains
iodine (I.sub.2), for example. A solid electrolyte or an
electrolyte solution may be used for the electrolyte, for example.
Examples of solid electrolytes include organic polymer gels that
have a macromonomer structure, for example.
An electrolyte solution in which a crosslinked precursor is mixed
may also be used for the electrolyte. A crosslinked precursor is a
compound that, when mixed in an electrolyte solution that contains
a redox material, is not reactive at normal temperatures but reacts
to form cross-links when heated. In the crosslinked precursor, one
of the crosslinking agents that react with one another is
phase-separated from the electrolyte solution or dispersed in the
electrolyte solution in another phase in order to improve stability
at normal temperatures.
For the crosslinked precursor, a compound that contains inorganic
particles and an organic substance that reacts with the surfaces of
the inorganic particles when heated can be used, or a compound that
contains at least two types of organic substances that react when
heated can be used.
Nanosized silica can be used for the inorganic particles, for
example. Alternatively, a material such as titania, zinc oxide, tin
oxide, or alumina may be used for the inorganic particles.
Furthermore, the surfaces of the inorganic particles may be covered
with a basic compound such as pyridine that contains organic groups
and reacts with carboxylic acids, for example.
For the inorganic particles and the organic substance that reacts
with the surfaces of the inorganic particles when heated, a high
molecular weight dicarboxylic acid (HOOC(CH.sub.2).sub.nCOOH, where
n=10-50), a monocarboxylic acid polymer, or another type of
carboxylic acid may be used. More specifically, examples of organic
substances that can be used include: hexadecanedioic acid (HDDA),
dodecanedioic acid (DDA), docosanedioic acid, dodecanecarboxylic
acid, undecanedicarboxylic acid, undecanedioic acid, sebacic acid,
azelaic acid, pimelic acid, oxalic acid, poly(oligo)acrylic acid
and copolymers thereof, benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid,
diphenylsulfonetetracarboxylic acid, benzophenonetricarboxylic
acid, and benzophenonedicarboxylic acid.
In a compound that contains at least two type of organic substances
that react when heated, one of the abovementioned carboxylic acids
may be used for one of the organic substances. For the other
organic substance, a nitrogen-containing compound that reacts with
carboxylic acids such as polyvinylpyridine, polyvinylimidazole, or
a compound that contains at least two pyridines and imidazoles in
each molecule can be used, for example.
A compound that contains a combination of iodide ions and iodine
can be used for the redox material. More specifically, a compound
that contains a combination of a metal iodide and iodine such as
LiI, NaI, or CaI.sub.2 can be used for the redox material. Other
combinations that can be used for the redox material include
bromide ions and bromine, Tl.sup.3+ thallium ions and Tl.sup.+
thallium ions, and Hg.sup.2+ mercury ions and Hg.sup.+ mercury
ions, for example.
On the surface of the opposite substrate 3 that faces the liquid
crystal layer 4, a light shielding layer 14 is formed. The light
shielding layer 14 blocks light between adjacent color filter
layers 13R, 13G, and 13B and is formed in a region (a
light-shielding region) other than the abovementioned pixel
regions.
Like the color filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B, the light shielding
layer 14 is part of the dye-sensitized solar cell layer 20. In
other words, the light shielding layer 14 includes black
sensitizing dye adsorption layers 23K that are arranged together
with the electrolyte layer 24 between the positive electrode 21 and
the negative electrode 22. The black sensitizing dye adsorption
layers 23K contain a light-shielding sensitizing dye and are
arranged between adjacent sensitizing dye adsorption layers 23R,
23G, and 23B.
In the color filter substrate of the present embodiment, the color
filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B include both the sensitizing dye
adsorption layers 23R, 23G, and 23B corresponding to each color as
well as the coloring material layers 25R, 25G, and 25B that
transmit different wavelength components of light than the
sensitizing dye adsorption layers 23R, 23G, and 23B.
The coloring material layers 25R, 25G, and 25B adjust the colors of
light transmitted by the color filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B and
are arranged together with the respective sensitizing dye
adsorption layers 23R, 23G, and 23B within the respective color
filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B.
More specifically, the red color filter layers 13R each include a
red sensitizing dye adsorption layer 23R and a red coloring
material layer 25R. The green color filter layers 13G each include
a green sensitizing dye adsorption layer 23G and a green coloring
material layer 25G. The blue color filter layers 13B each include a
blue sensitizing dye adsorption layer 23B and a blue coloring
material layer 25B.
The red coloring material layers 25R, the green coloring material
layers 25G, and the blue coloring material layers 25B contain
coloring materials corresponding to each color. Pigments, dyes, or
the like used in conventional color filter layers may be used for
these coloring materials.
The arrangement of the red coloring material layers 25R, green
coloring material layers 25G, and blue coloring material layers 25B
within the color filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B is not
particularly limited, and configurations such as those illustrated
in FIGS. 4A to 4C may be used, for example. FIGS. 4A to 4C are plan
views illustrating examples of the arrangement of the sensitizing
dye adsorption layers 23R, 23G, and 23B and the coloring material
layers 25R, 25G, and 25B in the respective color filters 13R, 13G,
and 13B.
More specifically, in the color filter substrate illustrated in
FIG. 4A, the color filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B are divided into
two regions by a dividing line S. In one region, the sensitizing
dye adsorption layers 23R, 23G, and 23B are arranged, and in the
other region, the coloring material layers 25R, 25G, and 25B are
arranged. Moreover, the direction in which the dividing line S
divides the pixel region is not limited to the configuration
illustrated in FIG. 4A, in which the dividing line S divides the
color filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B horizontally. The dividing
line S may also divide the color filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B
vertically or in a slanted direction.
In the color filter substrate illustrated in FIG. 4B, the coloring
material layers 25R, 25G, and 25B are arranged in inner regions
inside the color filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B, and the
sensitizing dye adsorption layers 23R, 23G, and 23B are arranged in
outer regions inside the color filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B.
Furthermore, the color filter substrate is not limited to this
configuration. The sensitizing dye adsorption layers 23R, 23G, and
23B may be arranged in the inner regions inside the color filter
layers 13R, 13G, and 13B, and the coloring material layers 25R,
25G, and 25B may be arranged in the outer regions inside the color
filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B.
In the color filter substrate illustrated in FIG. 4C, each of the
color filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B are divided into a region in
which the respective sensitizing dye adsorption layer 23R, 23G, or
23B is arranged and a region in which the respective coloring
material layer 25R, 25G, or 25B is arranged, and the ratio of the
sensitizing dye adsorption layer region to the coloring material
layer region is different for each of the color filter layers 13R,
13G, and 13B.
In consideration of the fact that the sensitivity of the human eye
to color satisfies the relationship green>red>blue, in the
color filter substrate of the present embodiment the ratios of the
coloring material layer regions are set to satisfy the relationship
green coloring material layer 25G<red coloring material layer
25R<blue coloring material layer 25B. In this way, the ratios of
the regions in which the sensitizing dye adsorption layers 23R,
23G, and 23B are arranged to the regions in which the coloring
material layers 25R, 25G, and 25B are arranged within the color
filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B may be adjusted as appropriate.
In the liquid crystal display device 1A configured as described
above, white illumination light WL emitted from the backlight 200
enters the liquid crystal display panel 100A from the device
substrate 2 side. Furthermore, red light RL, green light GL, and
blue light BL are emitted from the opposite substrate 3 side of the
liquid crystal display panel 100A, thereby making it possible to
display color images.
Of the illumination light WL that enters the liquid crystal display
panel 100A, the red light RL emitted from the liquid crystal
display panel 100A is transmitted by the red color filter layers
13R. The red color filter layers 13R transmit the red wavelength
components of the illumination light WL and absorb the other green
and blue wavelength components.
The green light GL emitted from the liquid crystal display panel
100A is transmitted by the green color filter layers 13G. The green
color filter layers 13G transmit the green wavelength components of
the illumination light WL and absorb the other red and blue
wavelength components.
The blue light BL emitted from the liquid crystal display panel
100A is transmitted by the blue color filter layers 13B. The blue
color filter layers 13B transmit the blue wavelength components of
the illumination light WL and absorb the other red and green
wavelength components.
The light shielding layer 14 does not transmit any of the
illumination light WL and absorbs all of the wavelength components
contained therein.
In the liquid crystal display device 1A, the dye-sensitized solar
cell layer 20 is configured to include the color filter layer 13
and the light shielding layer 14 in order to make use of the
illumination light WL that is not used to display images and is
absorbed. In other words, in the liquid crystal display device 1A,
the dye-sensitized solar cell layer 20 converts the illumination
light WL absorbed by the color filter layer 13 and the light
shielding layer 14 into electrical power and makes it possible to
supply this power to the power supply circuit of the backlight 200
and to the battery 300. This makes it possible to increase the
utilization efficiency of the illumination light WL while also
reducing the power consumption of the liquid crystal display device
1A.
In the color filter substrate of the present embodiment, the color
filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B include both the sensitizing dye
adsorption layers 23R, 23G, and 23B corresponding to each color as
well as the coloring material layers 25R, 25G, and 25B. Therefore,
the light emitted from the color filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B
contains a combination of light transmitted by the sensitizing dye
adsorption layers 23R, 23G, and 23B and light transmitted by the
coloring material layers 25R, 25G, and 25B.
In conventional technologies, using color filter layers that
include only sensitizing dye adsorption layers makes it difficult
to adjust the colors of light transmitted by the color filter
layers. In contrast, in the present embodiment, the color filter
layers 13R, 13G, and 13B include both the sensitizing dye
adsorption layers 23R, 23G, and 23B as well as the coloring
material layers 25R, 25G, and 25B, and the color of the light
transmitted by the color filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B can be
adjusted using the coloring material layers 25R, 25G, and 25B.
To adjust the color of the light transmitted by the color filter
layers 13R, 13G, and 13B, the coloring materials contained in the
coloring material layers 25R, 25G, and 25B may be adjusted, or the
ratios of the regions in which the sensitizing dye adsorption
layers 23R, 23G, and 23B are arranged to the regions in which the
coloring material layers 25R, 25G, and 25B are arranged within the
color filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B may be adjusted. This makes
it possible to adjust finely the colors of the color filter layers
13R, 13G, and 13B, thereby making it possible to optimize the
colors of light transmitted by the color filter layers 13R, 13G,
and 13B.
FIG. 5 is a chromaticity diagram. In the diagram, the solid lines
indicate the color reproduction range, in an XY chromaticity
coordinate space, of a configuration in which the color filter
layers 13R, 13G, and 13B include both the sensitizing dye
adsorption layers 23R, 23G, and 23B as well as the coloring
material layers 25R, 25G, and 25B (as in the present invention).
The dashed lines indicate the color reproduction range, in the XY
chromaticity coordinate space, of a configuration in which the
color filter layers include only sensitizing dye adsorption layers
(as in conventional technologies).
As illustrated in FIG. 5, the configuration in which the color
filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B include both the sensitizing dye
adsorption layers 23R, 23G, and 23B as well as the coloring
material layers 25R, 25G, and 25B exhibits a larger color
reproduction range than the configuration in which the color filter
layers include only the sensitizing dye adsorption layers.
As described above, in the liquid crystal display panel 100A, the
color reproduction of color filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B that
include the dye-sensitized solar cell layer 20 can be improved.
Therefore, in the liquid crystal display device 1A, which is
equipped with the liquid crystal display panel 100A, images can be
displayed with excellent color reproduction while simultaneously
reducing power consumption.
<Embodiment 2>
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a
configuration of a liquid crystal display device 1B according to
Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Note that in the following
description, the same reference characters are used for components
that are the same as components in the liquid crystal display
device 1A and the liquid crystal display panel 100A, and
descriptions of those components are omitted.
The liquid crystal display device 1B is substantially identical to
the liquid crystal display device 1A except in that the liquid
crystal display device 1B includes a transflective liquid crystal
display panel 100B as illustrated in FIG. 6 in place of the liquid
crystal display panel 100A. Moreover, in the liquid crystal display
panel 100B, the pixel electrodes P include transmissive portions
15R, 15G, and 15B and reflective portions 16R, 16G, and 16B. The
rest of the configuration is substantially identical to the
configuration of the liquid crystal display panel 100A.
The transmissive portions 15R, 15G, and 15B of the pixel electrodes
P transmit light such as the illumination light WL that enters from
the device substrate 2 side. The transmissive portions 15R, 15G,
and 15G are made from a transparent conductive material such as ITO
or IZO, for example.
The reflective portions 16R, 16G, and 16B of the pixel electrodes P
reflect light such as external light FL that enters from the
opposite substrate 3 side. The reflective portions 16R, 16G, and
16B are made from a metal material such as Al or Ag or an alloy
thereof, for example. The reflective portions 16R, 16G, and 16B may
also be formed by forming reflective films on the transparent
electrodes that form the pixel electrodes P.
In the color filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B, one of either the
sensitizing dye adsorption layers 23R, 23G, and 23B or the coloring
material layers 25R, 25G, and 25B are formed in regions
(transmissive regions) that overlap with the transmissive portions
15R, 15G, and 15B when viewed in a plan view, and the other of
either the sensitizing dye adsorption layers 23R, 23G, and 23B or
the coloring material layers 25R, 25G, and 25B are formed in
regions (reflective regions) that overlap with the reflective
portions 16R, 16G, and 16B when viewed in a plan view.
More specifically, in the present embodiment, the red sensitizing
dye adsorption layers 23R are formed in the transmissive regions
that overlap with the red transmissive portions 15R when viewed in
a plan view, and the red coloring material layers 25R are formed in
the reflective regions that overlap with the red reflective
portions 16R when viewed in a plan view. Similarly, the green
sensitizing dye adsorption layers 23G are formed in the
transmissive regions that overlap with the green transmissive
portions 15G when viewed in a plan view, and the green coloring
material layers 25G are formed in the reflective regions that
overlap with the green reflective portions 16G when viewed in a
plan view. Furthermore, the blue sensitizing dye adsorption layers
23B are formed in the transmissive regions that overlap with the
blue transmissive portions 15B when viewed in a plan view, and the
blue coloring material layers 25B are formed in the reflective
regions that overlap with the blue reflective portions 16B when
viewed in a plan view.
In the liquid crystal display device 1B configured as described
above, images can be displayed on the liquid crystal display panel
100B in a transmissive mode when the device is in a dark place by
turning on the backlight 200 and using the illumination light WL
that enters from the device substrate 2 side. Conversely, images
can be displayed on the liquid crystal display panel 100B in a
reflective mode when the device is in a bright place by turning off
the backlight 200 and using the external light FL that enters from
the opposite substrate 3 side.
The red light RL emitted from the liquid crystal display panel 100B
includes red transmitted light RL1 transmitted by the red
transmissive portions 15R when the device is in transmissive mode
and red reflected light RL2 reflected by the red reflective
portions 16R when the device is in reflective mode. Of this red
light RL, the red transmitted light RL1 passes through the red
sensitizing dye adsorption layers 23R once. Meanwhile, the red
reflected light RL2 passes through the red coloring material layers
25R twice.
The green light BL emitted from the liquid crystal display panel
100B includes green transmitted light GL1 transmitted by the green
transmissive portions 15G when the device is in transmissive mode
and green reflected light GL2 reflected by the green reflective
portions 16G when the device is in reflective mode. Of this green
light GL, the green transmitted light GL1 passes through the green
sensitizing dye adsorption layers 23G once. Meanwhile, the green
reflected light GL2 passes through the green coloring material
layers 25G twice.
The blue light BL emitted from the liquid crystal display panel
100B includes blue transmitted light BL1 transmitted by the blue
transmissive portions 15B when the device is in transmissive mode
and blue reflected light BL2 reflected by the blue reflective
portions 16B when the device is in reflective mode. Of this blue
light BL, the blue transmitted light BL1 passes through the blue
sensitizing dye adsorption layers 23B once. Meanwhile, the blue
reflected light BL2 passes through the blue coloring material
layers 25B twice.
Therefore, the light emitted from the liquid crystal display panel
100B takes the colors resulting from passing through the
sensitizing dye adsorption layers 23R, 23G, and 23B once when the
device is in the transmissive mode and the colors resulting from
passing through the coloring material layers 25R, 25G, and 25B
twice when the device is in the reflective mode. As a result of
this, conventional transflective liquid crystal display panels are
prone to emitting light that exhibits more differences in color
depending on the display mode.
In contrast, in the liquid crystal display panel 100B of the
present embodiment, the sensitizing dye adsorption layers 23R, 23G,
and 23B and the coloring material layers 25R, 25G, and 25B are
aligned with the transmissive portions 15R, 15G, and 15B and the
reflective portions 16R, 16B, and 16G, respectively, thereby
reducing color differences between the transmissive mode and the
reflective mode.
In other words, in the liquid crystal display panel 100B, the color
filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B include both the sensitizing dye
adsorption layers 23R, 23G, and 23B as well as the coloring
material layers 25R, 25G, and 25B, thereby making it possible to
adjust the colors of the light transmitted by the transmissive
portions 15R, 15G, and 15B as well the colors of the light
reflected by the reflective portions 16R, 16G, and 16B. This, in
turn, makes it possible optimize the colors of the light emitted
from the liquid crystal display panel 100B of the liquid crystal
display device 1B both in transmissive mode and in reflective
mode.
Note that the transflective liquid crystal display panel 100B is
not necessarily limited to the configuration above, in which the
sensitizing dye adsorption layers 23R, 23G, and 23B are formed in
the transmissive regions that overlap with the transmissive
portions 15R, 15G, and 15B when viewed in a plan view and in which
the coloring material layers 25R, 25G, and 25B are formed in the
reflective regions that overlap with the reflective portions 16R,
16G, and 16B when viewed in a plan view. For example, the coloring
material layers 25R, 25G, and 25B may be formed in the transmissive
regions that overlap with the transmissive portions 15R, 15G, and
15B when viewed in a plan view, and the sensitizing dye adsorption
layers 23R, 23G, and 23B may be formed in the reflective regions
that overlap with the reflective portions 16R, 16G, and 16B when
viewed in a plan view.
In addition, both the sensitizing dye adsorption layers 23R, 23G,
and 23B as well as the coloring material layers 25R, 25G, and 25B
may be formed in the transmissive regions that overlap with the
transmissive portions 15R, 15G, and 15B when viewed in a plan view.
Furthermore, both the sensitizing dye adsorption layers 23R, 23G,
and 23B as well as the coloring material layers 25R, 25G, and 25B
may be formed in the reflective regions that overlap with the
reflective portions 16R, 16G, and 16B when viewed in a plan
view.
In this case, the colors of the light emitted from the color filter
layers 13R, 13G, and 13B can be optimized for both transmissive
mode and reflective mode by modifying the coloring materials used
in the coloring material layers 25R, 25G, and 25B or by adjusting
the ratios of the regions in which the sensitizing dye adsorption
layers 23R, 23G, and 23B are arranged to the regions in which the
coloring material layers 25R, 25G, and 25B are arranged in the
transmissive regions and the reflective regions.
Moreover, using a transflective liquid crystal display panel 100B
in the liquid crystal display device 1B makes it possible to
convert both illumination light WL that enters from the device
substrate 2 side and external light FL that enters from the
opposite substrate 3 side into electrical power using the
dye-sensitized solar cell layer 20.
In the liquid crystal display device 1B, this electrical power can
be supplied to the backlight 200 and to the battery 300, thereby
making it possible to further reduce power consumption.
As described above, in the liquid crystal display panel 100B, the
color reproduction of color filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B that
include the dye-sensitized solar cell layer 20 can be improved.
Therefore, in the liquid crystal display device 1B, which is
equipped with the liquid crystal display panel 100B, images can be
displayed with excellent color reproduction while simultaneously
reducing power consumption.
<Embodiment 3>
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a
configuration of a liquid crystal display device 1C according to
Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Note that in the following
description, the same reference characters are used for components
that are the same as components in the liquid crystal display
device 1A and the liquid crystal display panel 100A, and
descriptions of those components are omitted.
The liquid crystal display device 1C includes a reflective liquid
crystal display panel 100C as illustrated in FIG. 7 in place of the
liquid crystal display panel 100A. In addition, the liquid crystal
display panel 100C does not include the backlight 200. The rest of
the configuration is substantially identical to the configuration
of the liquid crystal display device 1A.
The liquid crystal display panel 100C is substantially identical to
the liquid crystal display panel 100A except in that the pixel
electrodes P are reflective electrodes. These reflective electrodes
are made from a metal material such as Al or Ag or an alloy
thereof, for example. Moreover, in the reflective liquid crystal
display panel 100C, the device substrate 2 is not limited to the
abovementioned transparent substrate 11, and a substrate that does
not allow light to pass through such as a silicon substrate may be
used, for example.
In the liquid crystal display device 1C configured as described
above, the liquid crystal display panel 100C can display color
images using the external light FL that enters from the opposite
substrate 3 side.
Of the external light FL that enters the liquid crystal display
panel 100C, the red light RL that is eventually emitted from the
liquid crystal display panel 100C first passes through the red
color filter layers 13R, is reflected by the pixel electrodes
(reflective electrodes) P, and then passes through the red color
filter layers 13R again. The red color filter layers 13R transmit
the red wavelength components of the external light FL and absorb
the other green and blue wavelength components.
The green light GL that is eventually emitted from the liquid
crystal display panel 100C first passes through the green color
filter layers 13G, is reflected by the pixel electrodes (reflective
electrodes) P, and then passes through the green color filter
layers 13G again. The green color filter layers 13G transmit the
green wavelength components of the external light FL and absorb the
other red and blue wavelength components.
The blue light BL that is eventually emitted from the liquid
crystal display panel 100C first passes through the blue color
filter layers 13B, is reflected by the pixel electrodes (reflective
electrodes) P, and then passes through the blue color filter layers
13B again. The blue color filter layers 13B transmit the blue
wavelength components of the external light FL and absorb the other
red and green wavelength components.
The light shielding layer 14 does not transmit any of the external
light FL and absorbs all of the wavelength components contained in
that external light FL.
In the liquid crystal display device 1C, the dye-sensitized solar
cell layer 20 is configured to include the color filter layers 13R,
13G, and 13B and the light shielding layer 14 in order to make use
of the external light FL that is not used to display images and is
absorbed. In other words, in the liquid crystal display device 1C,
the dye-sensitized solar cell layer 20 converts the external light
FL absorbed by the color filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B and the
light shielding layer 14 into electrical power and makes it
possible to supply this power to the battery 300. This makes it
possible to increase the utilization efficiency of the external
light FL while also reducing the power consumption of the liquid
crystal display device 1C.
Furthermore, in the liquid crystal display panel 100C, the color
filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B include both sensitizing dye
adsorption layers 23R, 23G, and 23B as well as coloring material
layers 25R, 25G, and 25B. Therefore, the light emitted from the
color filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B contains a combination of
light transmitted by the sensitizing dye adsorption layers 23R,
23G, and 23B and light transmitted by the coloring material layers
25R, 25G, and 25B.
As described above, the color filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B
include both the sensitizing dye adsorption layers 23R, 23G, and
23B as well as the coloring material layers 25R, 25G, and 25B. This
makes it possible to adjust finely the colors of the color filter
layers 13R, 13G, and 13B and to optimize the colors of the light
transmitted thereby.
As described above, in the liquid crystal display panel 100C, the
color reproduction of color filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B that
include the dye-sensitized solar cell layer 20 can be improved.
Therefore, in the liquid crystal display device 1C, which is
equipped with the liquid crystal display panel 100C, images can be
displayed with excellent color reproduction while simultaneously
reducing power consumption.
<Embodiment 4>
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a
configuration of a liquid crystal display device 1D according to
Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Note that in the following
description, the same reference characters are used for components
that are the same as components in the liquid crystal display
device 1A and the liquid crystal display panel 100A, and
descriptions of those components are omitted.
The liquid crystal display device 1D is substantially identical to
the liquid crystal display device 1A except in that the liquid
crystal display device 1D includes a transmissive liquid crystal
display panel 100D as illustrated in FIG. 8 in place of the liquid
crystal display panel 100A. In the liquid crystal display panel
100D, the device substrate 2 corresponds to the color filter
substrate of the present invention.
In addition, the color filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B and the
light shielding layer 14 of the dye-sensitized solar cell layer 20
are moved from the surface of the opposite substrate 3 that faces
the liquid crystal layer 4 to the surface of the device substrate 2
that faces the liquid crystal layer 4.
More specifically, the color filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B and
the light shielding layer 14 are arranged between the transparent
substrate 11 and the pixel electrodes P. Furthermore, the
dye-sensitized solar cell layer 20 includes a positive electrode
21, an electrolyte layer 24, a sensitizing dye adsorption layer 23,
and a negative electrode 22 layered in that order starting from the
transparent substrate 11 side. The rest of the configuration is
substantially identical to the configuration of the liquid crystal
display panel 100A.
In the liquid crystal display device 1D configured as described
above, white illumination light WL emitted from the backlight 200
enters the liquid crystal display panel 100D from the device
substrate 2 side. Furthermore, red light RL, green light GL, and
blue light BL are emitted from the opposite substrate 3 side of the
liquid crystal display panel 100D, thereby making it possible to
display color images.
Of the illumination light WL that enters the liquid crystal display
panel 100D, the red light RL emitted from the liquid crystal
display panel 100D is transmitted by the red color filter layers
13R. The red color filter layers 13R transmit the red wavelength
components of the illumination light WL and absorb the other green
and blue wavelength components.
The green light GL emitted from the liquid crystal display panel
100D is transmitted by the green color filter layers 13G. The green
color filter layers 13G transmit the green wavelength components of
the illumination light WL and absorb the other red and blue
wavelength components.
The blue light BL emitted from the liquid crystal display panel
100D is transmitted by the blue color filter layers 13B. The blue
color filter layers 13B transmit the blue wavelength components of
the illumination light WL and absorb the other red and green
wavelength components.
The light shielding layer 14 does not transmit any of the
illumination light WL and absorbs all of the wavelength components
contained therein.
In the liquid crystal display device 1D, the dye-sensitized solar
cell layer 20 is configured to include the color filter layers 13R,
13G, and 13B and the light shielding layer 14 in order to make use
of the illumination light WL that is not used to display images and
is absorbed. In other words, in the liquid crystal display device
1D, the dye-sensitized solar cell layer 20 converts the
illumination light WL absorbed by the color filter layers 13R, 13G,
and 13B and the light shielding layer 14 into electrical power and
makes it possible to supply this power to the power supply circuit
of the backlight 200 and to the battery 300. This makes it possible
to increase the utilization efficiency of the illumination light WL
while also reducing the power consumption of the liquid crystal
display device 1D.
Furthermore, in the liquid crystal display panel 100D, the color
filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B include both sensitizing dye
adsorption layers 23R, 23G, and 23B as well as coloring material
layers 25R, 25G, and 25B. Therefore, the light emitted from the
color filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B contains a combination of
light transmitted by the sensitizing dye adsorption layers 23R,
23G, and 23B and light transmitted by the coloring material layers
25R, 25G, and 25B.
As described above, the color filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B
include both the sensitizing dye adsorption layers 23R, 23G, and
23B as well as the coloring material layers 25R, 25G, and 25B. This
makes it possible to adjust finely the colors of the color filter
layer 13 and to optimize the colors of the light transmitted
thereby.
As described above, in the liquid crystal display panel 100D, the
color reproduction of color filter layers 13R, 13G, and 13B that
include the dye-sensitized solar cell layer 20 can be improved.
Therefore, in the liquid crystal display device 1D, which is
equipped with the liquid crystal display panel 100D, images can be
displayed with excellent color reproduction while simultaneously
reducing power consumption.
When the color filter layer 13 is arranged on the device substrate
2 side, the abovementioned light shielding layer 14 can also be
removed. The reason the light shielding layer 14 can be removed
will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 9A to
9D.
FIGS. 9A to 9D illustrate the arrangement of one of the color
filter layers 13 relative to one of the rectangular pixel regions
P' formed by the source bus lines SL and the gate bus lines GL.
FIGS. 9A and 9B illustrate configurations in which the color filter
layer 13 is arranged on the opposite substrate 3 side, and FIGS. 9C
and 9D illustrate configurations in which the color filter layer 13
is arranged on the device substrate 2 side. Moreover, FIGS. 9A and
9C illustrate configurations in which the color filter layer 13 is
not shifted relative to the pixel region P', and FIGS. 9B and 9D
illustrate configurations in which the color filter layer 13 is
shifted relative to the pixel region P'.
The light that passes through the color filter layer 13 first
passes through the pixel electrodes P, and therefore the color
filter layer 13 must be arranged to overlap with the pixel regions
P' when viewed in a plan view so that light that passes through the
pixel electrodes P does not leak into regions where the color
filter layer 13 is not formed.
However, the alignment error when fixing the device substrate 2 and
the opposite substrate 3 together may be relatively large, on the
order of plus or minus several .mu.m. As a result, when the color
filter layer 13 is arranged on the opposite substrate 3 side, it is
possible for the color filter layer 13 to be misaligned relative to
the pixel regions P'.
Therefore, as illustrated in FIGS. 9A and 9B, when the color filter
layer 13 is arranged on the opposite substrate 3 side, the light
shielding layer 14 must also be formed to block light that would
otherwise leak out. In this case, the pixel regions P' are narrowed
by an amount equal to the regions where the light shielding layer
14 is formed, thereby decreasing the aperture ratio of the color
filter layer 13.
In contrast, when the color filter layer 13 is provided on the
device substrate 2 side, misalignment of the color filter layer 13
does not need to be taken into consideration when fixing the device
substrate 2 and the opposite substrate 3 together. In addition, the
alignment error of the color filter layer 13 relative to the pixel
regions P' is relatively small, on the order of less than or equal
to 1 .mu.m in either direction.
Therefore, as illustrated in FIGS. 9C and 9D, when the color filter
layer 13 is arranged on the device substrate 2 side, the light
shielding layer 14 can be removed. This makes it possible to
increase the aperture ratio of the color filter layer 13. This, in
turn, makes it possible to increase the brightness of the light
that passes through the color filter layer 13. Alternatively, if
the brightness is kept at the same level, the power consumption can
be reduced.
<Other Embodiments>
The present invention is not limited to Embodiments 1 to 4. Various
modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the
present invention.
For example, in the embodiments described above, the electrical
power generated by the dye-sensitized solar cell layer 20 is
supplied to the power supply circuit of the backlight 200 and to
the battery 300. In this case, the electrical power generated by
the dye-sensitized solar cell layer 20 can be used to drive the
backlight 200 or to charge the battery 300. The power stored in the
battery 300 can then be used to drive the liquid crystal display
panel 100A, the backlight 200, or the like.
Meanwhile, configurations in which the electrical power generated
by the dye-sensitized solar cell layer 20 is supplied only to the
power supply circuit of the backlight 200 or only to the battery
300 as well as configurations in which this power is supplied
directly to the power supply circuit of the liquid crystal display
panel 100A are also possible. The electrical power generated by the
dye-sensitized solar cell layer 20 may also be used for a purpose
other than those described above.
Furthermore, the liquid crystal display devices 1A to 1D described
above are all driven by the battery 300; however, configurations in
which the battery 300 is removed are also possible. In this case,
the liquid crystal display devices 1A to 1D may be driven using
electrical power supplied to the power supply circuit from an
external power source such as a commercial power supply.
In addition, the liquid crystal display devices 1A to 1D may be
direct-view liquid crystal display devices in which the viewer
views images displayed directly on the liquid crystal display
panels 100A to 100D or projection-type liquid crystal display
devices in which light emitted from the liquid crystal display
panels 100A to 100D is projected onto a screen to display
images.
Moreover, the liquid crystal display panels 100A to 100D described
above are configured to include a plurality of color filter layers
13 in different colors in order to display color images. However,
the liquid crystal display panel is not limited to configurations
that include the red (R), green (G), and blue (B) color filter
layers 13R, 13G, and 13B. For example, the liquid crystal display
panel may include color filter layers 13 in cyan (C), magenta (M),
and yellow (Y) or another combination of RGB and CMY colors.
Furthermore, the opposite electrode T does not necessarily need to
be included. The opposite electrode T may be removed depending on
the display mode (driving scheme) employed in the liquid crystal
display devices 1A to 1D.
The opposite electrode T is necessary in display modes in which an
electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer 4 in the
thickness direction thereof, such as twisted nematic (TN) mode,
guest-host mode, and polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) mode,
for example. In contrast, the opposite electrode T is not necessary
in display modes in which an electric field is applied to the
liquid crystal layer 4 in a direction parallel to the device
substrate 2, such as in-plane switching (IPS) mode.
Moreover, the color filter substrate of the present invention is
not limited to use in liquid crystal display panels and liquid
crystal display devices such as those described above and may also
be applied to self-luminescent display panels and image display
devices that include light-emitting devices such as organic
electroluminescent elements, for example.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
The present invention is suitable for application to color filter
substrates in which color filter layers made using dye-sensitized
solar cells must exhibit improved color reproduction, as well as to
liquid crystal display panels, liquid crystal display devices, and
the like.
DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE CHARACTERS
1 liquid crystal display device
100A to 100D liquid crystal display panel
200 backlight
300 battery
2 device substrate
3 opposite substrate
4 liquid crystal layer
11, 12 transparent substrate
13 color filter layer
13R red color filter layer
13G green color filter layer
13B blue color filter layer
14 light-shielding layer
15R, 15G, 15B transmissive portion
16R, 16G, 16B reflective portion
20 dye-sensitized solar cell layer
21 positive electrode
22 negative electrode
23 sensitizing dye adsorption layer
23R red sensitizing dye adsorption layer
23G green sensitizing dye adsorption layer
23B blue sensitizing dye adsorption layer
23K black sensitizing dye adsorption layer
24 electrolyte layer
25R red coloring material layer
25G green coloring material layer
25B blue coloring material layer
P pixel electrode
WL illumination light
RL red light
GL green light
BL blue light
FL external light
* * * * *