U.S. patent number 9,091,858 [Application Number 13/362,379] was granted by the patent office on 2015-07-28 for display apparatus and method of displaying three dimensional image using the same.
This patent grant is currently assigned to SAMSUNG DISPLAY CO., LTD.. The grantee listed for this patent is Seung-Jun Jeong, Kyung-Ho Jung, Jin-Hwan Kim, Il-Yong Yoon, Hae-Young Yun. Invention is credited to Seung-Jun Jeong, Kyung-Ho Jung, Jin-Hwan Kim, Il-Yong Yoon, Hae-Young Yun.
United States Patent |
9,091,858 |
Yoon , et al. |
July 28, 2015 |
Display apparatus and method of displaying three dimensional image
using the same
Abstract
A display apparatus includes a display panel, a lens plate and a
lens driver. The display panel includes a plurality of unit pixels.
The display panel is driven by dividing a single frame into N sub
frames. N is a natural number. The lens plate is on the display
panel. The lens plate includes a plurality of lenses which convert
a two dimensional ("2D") image displayed on the display panel into
a three dimensional ("3D") image. The lens driver disposes the
lenses at a first position during a first sub frame. The lens
driver moves the lenses to a second position from the first
position and disposes the lenses at the second position during a
second sub frame. The second position is shifted by 1/N of a width
of the unit pixel from the first position.
Inventors: |
Yoon; Il-Yong (Bucheon-si,
KR), Yun; Hae-Young (Suwon-si, KR), Jung;
Kyung-Ho (Yongin-si, KR), Jeong; Seung-Jun
(Asan-si, KR), Kim; Jin-Hwan (Suwon-si,
KR) |
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Yoon; Il-Yong
Yun; Hae-Young
Jung; Kyung-Ho
Jeong; Seung-Jun
Kim; Jin-Hwan |
Bucheon-si
Suwon-si
Yongin-si
Asan-si
Suwon-si |
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A |
KR
KR
KR
KR
KR |
|
|
Assignee: |
SAMSUNG DISPLAY CO., LTD.
(KR)
|
Family
ID: |
46795106 |
Appl.
No.: |
13/362,379 |
Filed: |
January 31, 2012 |
Prior Publication Data
|
|
|
|
Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
|
US 20120229452 A1 |
Sep 13, 2012 |
|
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Mar 10, 2011 [KR] |
|
|
10-2011-0021149 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H04N
13/305 (20180501); G02B 30/32 (20200101); G02B
30/27 (20200101) |
Current International
Class: |
H04N
21/236 (20110101); G02B 27/22 (20060101); H04N
13/04 (20060101) |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
09-043540 |
|
Feb 1997 |
|
JP |
|
2004-258594 |
|
Sep 2004 |
|
JP |
|
100765131 |
|
Oct 2007 |
|
KR |
|
Primary Examiner: Vaughn, Jr.; William C
Assistant Examiner: Adams; Eileen
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Cantor Colburn LLP
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A display apparatus comprising: a display panel including a
plurality of unit pixels and driven by dividing a single frame into
N sub frames, N being a natural number; a lens plate on the display
panel and including a plurality of lenses which convert a two
dimensional image displayed on the display panel into a three
dimensional image; and a lens driver connected to the lens plate,
wherein the lens driver disposes the lenses at a first position
during a first sub frame, and moves the lenses to a second position
from the first position and disposes the lenses at the second
position during a second sub frame, the second position being
shifted by 1/N of a width of a unit pixel from the first position
when the single frame is divided into N sub frames.
2. The display apparatus of claim 1, wherein the unit pixel
includes an opening portion and a blocking portion, and an aperture
ratio of the unit pixel, which is defined as a ratio of a width of
the opening portion to the width of the unit pixel, is 1/N.
3. The display apparatus of claim 2, wherein the opening portion
and the blocking portion alternate in a horizontal direction of the
display panel, and the opening portion and the blocking portion
alternate in a vertical direction of the display panel.
4. The display apparatus of claim 2, wherein the opening portion
and the blocking portion alternate in a horizontal direction of the
display panel, and a group of opening portions and a group of
blocking portions alternate in a vertical direction of the display
panel.
5. The display apparatus of claim 2, wherein the display panel
further includes: a color filter in the opening portion, and a
black matrix in the blocking portion.
6. The display apparatus of claim 2, further comprising a barrier
part between the display panel and the lens plate, the barrier part
including a plurality of barriers, and wherein the display panel
further includes a color filter in the opening portion of the unit
pixel, and a barrier overlaps the blocking portion of the unit
pixel.
7. The display apparatus of claim 1, wherein an extending direction
of the lens is substantially parallel to a longitudinal direction
of the unit pixel.
8. The display apparatus of claim 7, wherein a moving direction of
the lenses is substantially perpendicular to the extending
direction of the lens.
9. The display apparatus of claim 7, wherein a width of the lens
corresponds to a total width of the unit pixels.
10. The display apparatus of claim 1, wherein the lens plate is a
liquid crystal lens panel, and the lens is an electric field which
is applied to the liquid crystal lens panel.
11. A display apparatus comprising: a display panel including a
plurality of unit pixels and driven by dividing a single frame into
N sub frames, N being a natural number; a lens plate on the display
panel and including a plurality of lenses which convert a two
dimensional image displayed on the display panel into a three
dimensional image; an active barrier part between the display panel
and the lens plate, the active barrier part including a plurality
of active barriers, and a barrier driver connected to the active
barrier part, wherein the barrier driver disposes the active
barriers at a first position during a first sub frame, and moves
the active barriers to a second position from the first position
and disposes the active barriers at the second position during a
second sub frame, the second position being shifted by 1/N of a
width of a unit pixel from the first position when the frame is
divided into N sub frames.
12. The display apparatus of claim 11, wherein the unit pixel
includes an opening portion and a blocking portion, and an aperture
ratio of the unit pixel, which is defined as a ratio of a width of
the opening portion to the width of the unit pixel, is 1/N.
13. The display apparatus of claim 12, wherein the display panel
further includes a color filter is in the opening portion of the
unit pixel, and an active barrier overlaps the blocking portion of
the unit pixel.
14. A method of displaying a three dimensional image, the method
comprising: providing a first image to a display panel during a
first sub frame and a second image to the display panel during a
second sub frame, the display panel including a plurality of unit
pixels, and driving the display panel by dividing a single frame
into N sub frames, N being a natural number; disposing a plurality
of lenses at a first position during the first sub frame, wherein
the lenses convert the first image into a first three dimensional
image, the lenses being on the display panel; and moving the lenses
to a second position from the first position and disposing the
lenses at the second position during the second sub frame, wherein
the lenses convert the second image into a second three dimensional
image, the second position being shifted by 1/N of a width of a
unit pixel from the first position when the single frame is divided
into N sub frames.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the unit pixel includes an
opening portion and a blocking portion, and an aperture ratio of
the unit pixel, which is defined as a ratio of a width of the
opening portion to the width of the unit pixel, is 1/N.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the display panel further
includes: a color filter in the opening portion, and a black matrix
in the blocking portion.
17. The method of claim 15, further comprising disposing a barrier
part between the display panel and the lens plate, the barrier part
including a plurality of barriers, wherein the display panel
further includes a color filter in the opening portion of the unit
pixel, and a barrier overlaps the blocking portion of the unit
pixel.
18. A method of displaying a three dimensional image, the method
comprising: providing a first image to a display panel during a
first sub frame and a second image to the display panel during a
second sub frame, the display panel including a plurality of unit
pixels, and driving the display panel by dividing a single frame
into N sub frames, N being a natural number; disposing a plurality
of active barriers at a first position during the first sub frame
such that the first image is converted into a first three
dimensional image, the active barriers being disposed between the
display panel, and a plurality of lenses on the display panel; and
moving the active barriers to a second position from the first
position and disposing the active barriers at the second position
during the second sub frame such that the second image is converted
into a second three dimensional image, the second position being
shifted by 1/N of a width of a unit pixel from the first
position.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein the unit pixel includes an
opening portion and a blocking portion, and an aperture ratio of
the unit pixel, which is defined as a ratio of a width of the
opening portion to the width of the unit pixel, is 1/N.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein the display panel further
includes a color filter in the opening portion of the unit pixel,
and an active barrier overlaps the blocking portion of the unit
pixel.
Description
This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No.
2011-0021149, filed on Mar. 10, 2011, and all the benefits accruing
therefrom under 35 U.S.C. .sctn.119, the contents of which are
herein incorporated by reference in their entireties.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
Exemplary embodiments of the invention relate to a display
apparatus and a method of displaying a three dimensional ("3D")
image using the display apparatus. More particularly, exemplary
embodiments of the invention relate to a display apparatus
improving a display quality and a method of displaying a 3D image
using the display apparatus.
2. Description of the Related Art
Generally, a liquid crystal display apparatus displays a two
dimensional ("2D") image. As a demand for displaying a 3D image
have been increasing in video game and movie industries, the liquid
crystal display apparatus has been developed to display the 3D
image.
Generally, a stereoscopic image display apparatus displays the 3D
image using a binocular parallax between two eyes of a human. For
example, as two eyes of a human are spaced apart from each other,
images viewed at different angles are inputted to a human brain.
The human brain mixes the images so that an observer may recognize
the stereoscopic image.
The stereoscopic image display device may be divided into a
stereoscopic type and an auto-stereoscopic type depending on
whether a view wears an extra spectacle or not. The stereoscopic
type may include an anaglyph type and a shutter glass type and so
on. In the anaglyph type, blue glasses and red glasses may be
required for the viewer to wear. In the shutter glass type, a left
image and a right image may be temporally divided to be
periodically displayed, and a viewer wears glasses which opens and
closes a left eye shutter and a right eye shutter in
synchronization with the period of the left and right images.
The auto-stereoscopic type may include a lenticular type. In the
lenticular type, a lenticular lens having a plurality of focal
points is used. The 2D image is refracted by the lenticular lens at
the focal points so that the 3D image is displayed.
When the 2D image is converted into the 3D image, a resolution of
the liquid crystal display apparatus is decreased so that the
display quality may be deteriorated. A crosstalk, which means that
a left image is shown in a right eye or a right image is shown in a
left eye, may occur. A moire, which means that a luminance of a
display panel is not uniform according to a position in the display
panel, also may occur.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Exemplary embodiments of the invention provide a display apparatus
to improve a display quality of a three dimensional ("3D")
image.
Exemplary embodiments of the invention also provide a method of
displaying the 3D image using the display apparatus.
In an exemplary embodiment of a display apparatus according to the
invention, the display apparatus includes a display panel, a lens
plate and a lens driver. The display panel includes a plurality of
unit pixels. The display panel is driven by dividing a single frame
into N sub frames. N is a natural number. The lens plate is on the
display panel. The lens plate includes a plurality of lenses
converting a two dimensional ("2D") image displayed on the display
panel into a 3D image. The lens driver disposes the lenses at a
first position during a first sub frame. The lens driver moves the
lenses to a second position from the first position and disposes
the lenses at the second position during a second sub frame. The
second position is shifted by 1/N of a width of the unit pixel from
the first position.
In the exemplary embodiment, a unit pixel may include an opening
portion and a blocking portion. An aperture ratio of the unit
pixel, which is defined as a ratio of a width of the opening
portion to the width of the unit pixel, may be 1/N.
In the exemplary embodiment, the opening portion and the blocking
portion may alternate in a horizontal direction of the display
panel. The opening portion and the blocking portion may alternate
in a vertical direction of the display panel.
In the exemplary embodiment, the opening portion and the blocking
portion may alternate in a horizontal direction of the display
panel. A group of the opening portions and a group of the blocking
portions may alternate in a vertical direction of the display
panel.
In the exemplary embodiment, the display panel may further include
a color filter in the opening portion, and a black matrix in the
blocking portion.
In the exemplary embodiment, the display apparatus may further
includes a barrier part between the display panel and the lens
plate. The barrier part may include a plurality of barriers. The
display panel may further include a color filter in the opening
portion of the unit pixel. A barrier may overlap the blocking
portion of the unit pixel.
In the exemplary embodiment, an extending direction of the lens may
be substantially parallel to a longitudinal direction of the unit
pixel.
In the exemplary embodiment, a moving direction of the lenses may
be substantially perpendicular to the extending direction of the
lens.
In the exemplary embodiment, a width of the lens may correspond to
a total width of the unit pixels.
In the exemplary embodiment, the lens plate may be a liquid crystal
lens panel. The lens may be an electric field applied to the liquid
crystal lens panel.
In another exemplary embodiment of a display apparatus according to
the invention, the display apparatus includes a display panel, a
lens plate, an active barrier part and a barrier driver. The
display panel includes a plurality of unit pixels. The display
panel is driven by dividing a single frame into N sub frames. N is
a natural number. The lens plate is on the display panel. The lens
plate includes a plurality of lenses converting a 2D image
displayed on the display panel into a 3D image. The active barrier
part is between the display panel and the lens plate. The active
barrier part includes a plurality of active barriers. The barrier
driver disposes the active barriers at a first position during a
first sub frame. The barrier driver moves the active barriers to a
second position from the first position and disposes the active
barriers at the second position during a second sub frame. The
second position is shifted by 1/N of a width of the unit pixel from
the first position.
In the exemplary embodiment, a unit pixel may include an opening
portion and a blocking portion. An aperture ratio of the unit
pixel, which is defined as a ratio of a width of the opening
portion to the width of the unit pixel, may be 1/N.
In the exemplary embodiment, the display panel may include a color
filter in the opening portion of the unit pixel. An active barrier
may overlap the blocking portion of the unit pixel.
In an exemplary embodiment of a method of displaying a 3D image
according to the invention, the method includes providing a first
image to a display panel during a first sub frame and a second
image to the display panel during a second sub frame, disposing a
plurality of lenses at a first position during the first sub frame,
the lenses converting the first image into a first 3D image, and
moving the lenses to a second position from the first position and
disposing the lenses at the second position during the second sub
frame, the lenses converting the second image into a second 3D
image. The display panel includes a plurality of unit pixels. The
display panel is driven by dividing a single frame into N sub
frames. N is a natural number. The lenses are on the display panel.
The second position is shifted by 1/N of a width of the unit pixel
from the first position.
In the exemplary embodiment, a unit pixel may include an opening
portion and a blocking portion. An aperture ratio of the unit
pixel, which is defined as a ratio of a width of the opening
portion to the width of the unit pixel, may be 1/N.
In the exemplary embodiment, the display panel may include a color
filter in the opening portion, and a black matrix in the blocking
portion
In the exemplary embodiment, a barrier part may be between the
display panel and the lens plate. The barrier part may include a
plurality of barriers. The display panel may further include a
color filter in the opening portion of the unit pixel. A barrier
may overlap the blocking portion of the unit pixel.
In another exemplary embodiment of a method of displaying a 3D
image according to the invention, the method includes providing a
first image to a display panel during a first sub frame and a
second image to the display panel during a second sub frame,
disposing a plurality of active barriers at a first position during
the first sub frame, such that the first image is converted into a
first 3D image, and moving the active barriers to a second position
from the first position and disposing the active barriers at the
second position during the second sub frame, such that the second
image is converted into a second 3D image. The display panel
includes a plurality of unit pixels. The display panel is driven by
dividing a single frame into N sub frames. N is a natural number.
The active barriers are between the display panel, and a plurality
of lenses on the display panel. The second position is shifted by
1/N of a width of the unit pixel from the first position.
In the exemplary embodiment, a unit pixel may include an opening
portion and a blocking portion. An aperture ratio of the unit
pixel, which is defined as a ratio of a width of the opening
portion to the width of the unit pixel, may be 1/N.
In the exemplary embodiment, the display panel may include a color
filter in the opening portion of the unit pixel. An active barrier
may overlap the blocking portion of the unit pixel.
According to the display apparatus and the method of displaying the
3D image using the display apparatus, a display panel may be driven
in a temporal dividing method using a lens or active barrier which
moves according to a sub frame. Thus, the number of viewpoints of
the 3D image may be increased so that the display quality of the 3D
image may be improved.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The above and other features of the invention will become more
apparent by describing in detailed exemplary embodiments thereof
with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an exemplary embodiment
of a display apparatus according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a
display panel of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a plan view illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a
unit pixel of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view illustrating an exemplary
embodiment of a relative position of the display panel and a lens
plate of FIG. 1 during a first sub frame;
FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view illustrating an exemplary
embodiment of a relative position of the display panel and the lens
plate of FIG. 1 during a second sub frame;
FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating a luminance of the display panel of
FIG. 1 according to a viewing angle during the first and second sub
frames;
FIG. 6 is a plan view illustrating another exemplary embodiment of
a display panel of a display apparatus according to the
invention;
FIG. 7 is a plan view illustrating still another exemplary
embodiment of a display panel of a display apparatus according to
the invention;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view illustrating another exemplary
embodiment of a display apparatus according to the invention;
FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view illustrating an exemplary
embodiment of a relative position of a display panel, a barrier
part and a lens plate of FIG. 8 during a first sub frame;
FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view illustrating an exemplary
embodiment of a relative position of the display panel, the barrier
part and the lens plate of FIG. 8 during a second sub frame;
FIG. 10 is a perspective view illustrating still another exemplary
embodiment of a display apparatus according to the invention;
FIG. 11A is a cross-sectional view illustrating an exemplary
embodiment of a relative position of a display panel, an active
barrier part and a lens plate of FIG. 10 during a first sub
frame;
FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view illustrating an exemplary
embodiment of a relative position of the display panel, the active
barrier part and the lens plate of FIG. 10 during a second sub
frame;
FIG. 12 is a plan view illustrating another exemplary embodiment of
a unit pixel of a display panel of a display apparatus according to
the invention;
FIG. 13A is a cross-sectional view illustrating an exemplary
embodiment of a relative position of the display panel including
the unit pixel of FIG. 12 and a lens plate during a first sub
frame;
FIG. 13B is a cross-sectional view illustrating an exemplary
embodiment of a relative position of the display panel including
the unit pixel of FIG. 12 and the lens plate during a second sub
frame;
FIG. 13C is a cross-sectional view illustrating an exemplary
embodiment of a relative position of the display panel including
the unit pixel of FIG. 12 and the lens plate during a third sub
frame; and
FIG. 14 is a graph illustrating a luminance of the display panel
including the unit pixel of FIG. 12 according to a viewing angle
during the first to third sub frames.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention is described more fully hereinafter with reference to
the accompanying drawings, in which exemplary embodiments of the
invention are shown. This invention may, however, be embodied in
many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the
exemplary embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments
are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete,
and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled
in the art. In the drawings, the size and relative sizes of layers
and regions may be exaggerated for clarity.
It will be understood that when an element or layer is referred to
as being "on" or "connected to" another element or layer, the
element or layer can be directly on or connected to another element
or layer or intervening elements or layers. In contrast, when an
element is referred to as being "directly on" or "directly
connected to" another element or layer, there are no intervening
elements or layers present. As used herein, "connected" includes
physically and/or electrically connected. Like numbers refer to
like elements throughout. As used herein, the term "and/or"
includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated
listed items.
It will be understood that, although the terms first, second,
third, etc., may be used herein to describe various elements,
components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements,
components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited
by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one
element, component, region, layer or section from another region,
layer or section. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer
or section discussed below could be termed a second element,
component, region, layer or section without departing from the
teachings of the invention.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing
particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of
the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an" and
"the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the
context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood
that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this
specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers,
steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude
the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers,
steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and
scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly
understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this
invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such
as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be
interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their
meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be
interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly
so defined herein.
All methods described herein can be performed in a suitable order
unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted
by context. The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language
(e.g., "such as"), is intended merely to better illustrate the
invention and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the
invention unless otherwise claimed. No language in the
specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed
element as essential to the practice of the invention as used
herein.
Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the invention will be
described in further detail with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an exemplary embodiment
of a display apparatus according to the invention. FIG. 2 is a plan
view illustrating a display panel 100 of FIG. 1.
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the display apparatus includes the
display panel 100, a lens plate 200, a display panel driver 300 and
a lens driver 400.
The display panel 100 displays an image. The display panel 100
includes a plurality of unit pixels UP. The unit pixels UP may be
in a matrix form. The unit pixels UP are adjacent to each other in
a first direction D1 to form a pixel row. The unit pixels UP are
adjacent to each other in a second direction D2 crossing the first
direction D1 to form a pixel column. The second direction D2 may be
substantially perpendicular to the first direction D1.
A first pixel row includes a plurality of red pixels R. A second
pixel row adjacent to the first pixel row includes a plurality of
green pixels G. A third pixel row adjacent to the second pixel row
includes a plurality of blue pixels B.
Alternatively, the first to third pixel rows may include the red,
green and blue pixels R, G and B which alternate with each other in
the first direction D1.
First to fourth pixel columns PC1, PC2, PC3 and PC4 respectively
include the red, green and blue pixels R, G and B which alternate
with each other in the second direction D2.
Alternatively, the first to fourth pixel columns PC1, PC2, PC3 and
PC4 may respectively include a single colored pixel.
A relatively long side of the unit pixel UP extends in the second
direction D2 and a relatively short side of the unit pixel UP
extends in the first direction D1 in the illustrated exemplary
embodiment. Alternatively, a relatively long side of the unit pixel
UP may extend in the first direction D1 and a relatively short side
of the unit pixel UP may extend in the second direction D2.
The display panel 100 may include a first substrate (not shown), a
second substrate (not shown) and a liquid crystal layer (not shown)
between the first and second substrates. The first substrate may
include a pixel electrode (not shown), a gate line (not shown) and
a data line (not shown). The second substrate may include a common
electrode (not shown) and a color filter (not shown).
The lens plate 200 is on the display panel 100, such as on a
viewing or emitting side of the display panel 100. The lens plate
200 includes a plurality of lenses L. The lenses L convert a 2D
image displayed on the display panel 100 to a 3D image.
The lenses L longitudinally extend along the second direction D2,
and are adjacent to each other in the first direction D1. An
extending direction of the lens L may be parallel to a vertical
(e.g., long) direction of the unit pixel UP.
A width of the lens L in the first direction D1 may correspond to a
width of the unit pixels UP in the first direction D1. In one
exemplary embodiment, for example, the width of the lens L in the
first direction D1 may be substantially equal to a total width of
four unit pixels UP in the first direction D1. In this case, the
number of the viewpoints of the 3D image may be four.
In another exemplary embodiment, for example, the width of the lens
L in the first direction D1 may be substantially equal to a total
width of nine unit pixels UP in the first direction D1. In this
case, the number of the viewpoints of the 3D image may be nine.
The lenses L may have a convex shape protruding from a planar
portion of the lens plate 200 toward an upper direction.
Alternatively, the lens plate 200 may be a liquid crystal lens
panel driven by an electric field. In this case, the lenses L do
not physically have a convex shape. Optical characteristics of the
lenses L are electrically defined by the electric field applied to
the liquid crystal lens panel.
The display panel driver 300 is connected to the display panel 100.
The display panel driver 300 outputs a signal for driving the
display panel 100, to the display panel 100.
The display panel driver 300 drives the display panel 100 by
dividing a single frame into N sub frames. Here, N is a natural
number.
In one exemplary embodiment, for example, when N is two, the
display panel driver 300 generates a first image corresponding to a
first sub frame and a second image corresponding to a second sub
frame, based on an input image. The display panel driver 300
provides the first image to the display panel 100 during the first
sub frame. The display panel driver 300 provides the second image
to the display panel 100 during the second sub frame. In one
exemplary embodiment, for example, the first image may be a left
image, and the second image may be a right image.
When the width of the lens L in the first direction D1 is equal to
a total width of four unit pixels UP in the first direction D1, the
number of viewpoints increases to four by the lens L, and the
number of viewpoints increases to eight by the temporal dividing
driving method.
The display panel driver 300 includes a timing controller (not
shown), a gate driver (not shown) and a data driver (not
shown).
The timing controller generates driving signals to control driving
timings of the gate driver and the data driver. The gate driver
generates a gate signal in response to the driving signals. The
gate driver outputs the gate signal to the gate line of the display
panel 100. The data driver generates a data voltage in response to
the driving signals. The data driver outputs the data voltage to
the data line of the display panel 100.
The display panel driver 300 may further include a frame rate
converter (not shown) to convert a frame rate of the input
image.
The lens driver 400 is connected to the lens plate 200. The lens
driver 400 outputs a signal for driving the lenses L.
The lens driver 400 disposes the lenses L at a first position
during the first sub frame. The lens driver 400 disposes the lenses
L at a second position during the second sub frame. The second
position is shifted by 1/N of the width of the unit pixel UP from
the first position.
In one exemplary embodiment, for example, when N is two, the lens
driver 400 moves the lenses L by a half of the width of the unit
pixel UP to dispose the lenses L at the second position during the
second sub frame.
The lens driver 400 may physically move the lens plate 200.
Alternatively, when the lens plate 200 is the liquid crystal lens
panel driven by an electric field, the lens driver 400 does not
physically move the lens plate 200. By adjusting the electric field
applied to the liquid crystal lens panel, the lens plate 200 is
driven as the lenses L move.
FIG. 3 is a plan view illustrating an exemplary embodiment of the
unit pixel UP of FIG. 1.
Referring to FIG. 3, the unit pixel UP includes an opening portion
OP and a blocking portion BP. The blocking portion BP may be
adjacent to the opening portion OP in the first direction D1.
The opening portion OP is defined by the color filter of the
display panel 100. The blocking portion BP is defined by a black
matrix of the display panel 100. The color filter is in the opening
portion OP. The black matrix is in the blocking portion BP.
The opening portion OP has a first width W1 in the first direction
D1. The blocking portion BP has a second width W2 in the first
direction D1. The width W of the unit pixel UP in the first
direction D1 is substantially equal to a sum of the first and
second widths W1+W2.
An aperture ratio of the unit pixel UP is defined as a ratio of an
area of the opening portion OP to an area of the unit pixel UP. In
the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the aperture ratio of the
unit pixel UP may be defined as a ratio of the first width W1 of
the opening portion OP to the width W of the unit pixel UP. When
the display panel 100 is driven by dividing a single frame into N
sub frames, the aperture ratio of the unit pixel UP is adjusted to
be 1/N.
In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, N is two, so that the
aperture ratio W1/W is 1/2. A ratio between the first width W1 of
the opening portion OP and the second width W2 of the blocking
portion BP is 1:1.
FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view illustrating an exemplary
embodiment of a relative position of the display panel 100 and the
lens plate 200 of FIG. 1 during the first sub frame. FIG. 4B is a
cross-sectional view illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a
relative position of the display panel 100 and the lens plate 200
of FIG. 1 during the second sub frame.
Referring to FIGS. 3, 4A and 4B, the display panel 100 includes
first to fourth pixels P1, P2, P3 and P4. A width of each of the
first to fourth pixels P1 to P4 is W. An aperture ratio of each of
the first to fourth pixels P1 to P4 is 1/2.
The lens plate 200 is on the display panel 100. A single lens of
the lens plate 200 has a width corresponding to a total width of
four pixels. The lens has a width corresponding to a total width of
the first to fourth pixels P1 to P4.
Referring to FIG. 4A, the display panel driver 300 provides the
first image to the display panel 100 during the first sub frame.
The first image includes first, third, fifth and seventh viewpoint
images 1, 3, 5 and 7. The first pixel P1 displays the first
viewpoint image 1. The second pixel P2 displays the third viewpoint
image 3. The third pixel P3 displays the fifth viewpoint image 5.
The fourth pixel P4 displays the seventh viewpoint image 7.
The lens driver 400 disposes the lens at the first position, which
corresponds to a boundary of the first pixel P1 and a boundary of
the fourth pixel P4.
Referring to FIG. 4B, the display panel driver 300 provides the
second image to the display panel 100 during the second sub frame.
The second image includes second, fourth, sixth and eighth
viewpoint images 2, 4, 6 and 8. The first pixel P1 displays the
second viewpoint image 2. The second pixel P2 displays the fourth
viewpoint image 4. The third pixel P3 displays the sixth viewpoint
image 6. The fourth pixel P4 displays the eighth viewpoint image
8.
The lens driver 400 moves the lens to the second position from the
first position to dispose the lens at the second position. The
second position is shifted by a half of the width of the unit pixel
W/2 from the first position.
Referring to FIGS. 4A and 4B, for example, when a left eye of an
observer is at a first viewpoint and a right eye of the observer is
at a second viewpoint, the first viewpoint image 1 is viewed to the
left eye of the observer through the opening portion during the
first sub frame. A black image is viewed to the right eye of the
observer by the blocking portion during the first sub frame. The
second viewpoint image 2 is viewed to the right eye of the observer
through the opening portion during the second sub frame. A black
image is viewed to the left eye of the observer by the blocking
portion during the second sub frame. Thus, the observer may
recognize the 3D image by mixing the first viewpoint image 1 of the
first sub frame and the second viewpoint image 2 of the second sub
frame.
Referring again to FIGS. 4A and 4B, for example, when a left eye of
an observer is at the second viewpoint and a right eye of the
observer is at a third viewpoint, the third viewpoint image 3 is
viewed to the right eye of the observer through the opening portion
during the first sub frame. A black image is viewed to the left eye
of the observer by the blocking portion during the first sub frame.
The second viewpoint image 2 is viewed to the left eye of the
observer through the opening portion during the second sub frame. A
black image is viewed to the right eye of the observer by the
blocking portion during the second sub frame. Thus, the observer
may recognize the 3D image by mixing the third viewpoint image 3 of
the first sub frame and the second viewpoint image 2 of the second
sub frame.
FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating a luminance of the display panel 100
of FIG. 1 according to a viewing angle during the first and second
sub frames.
Referring to FIGS. 4A, 4B and 5, relatively bright images are
viewed at the first, third, fifth and seventh viewpoints through
the opening portion during the first sub frame. The black images
are viewed at the second, fourth, sixth and eighth viewpoints by
the blocking portion during the first sub frame.
Relatively bright images are viewed at the second, fourth, sixth
and eighth viewpoints through the opening portion during the second
sub frame. The black images are viewed at the first, third, fifth
and seventh viewpoints by the blocking portion during the second
sub frame.
In FIG. 3, the ratio between the first width W1 of the opening
portion OP and the second width W2 of the blocking portion BP is
1:1, so that the relatively bright image and the black image are
repeated in a uniform cycle at each of the viewpoints. Accordingly,
the display apparatus of the illustrated exemplary embodiment
displays the 3D image like a display apparatus using a shutter
glass. Thus, the display apparatus of the illustrated exemplary
embodiment may reduce or effectively prevent crosstalk where a left
image is shown in a right eye or a right image is shown in a left
eye.
In addition, an average of a luminance of the first image during
the first sub frame and a luminance of the second image during the
second sub frame is substantially uniform at any viewpoints, so
that the display apparatus of the illustrated exemplary embodiment
may reduce or effectively prevent the moire where a luminance of
the display panel 100 is not uniform according to the
viewpoint.
According to the illustrated exemplary embodiment, P viewpoints may
be generated by the lens, and N viewpoints may be generated by the
temporal dividing driving method so that P.times.N viewpoints of
the display apparatus may be generated. Thus, the display quality
of the 3D image and the viewing angle of the display apparatus may
be improved.
In addition, the aperture of the unit pixel is adjusted according
to the temporal dividing driving method so that the crosstalk and
the moire may be reduced or effectively prevented. Thus, the
display quality of the 3D image may be improved.
FIG. 6 is a plan view illustrating another exemplary embodiment of
a display panel of a display apparatus according to the
invention.
A display apparatus and a method of displaying a 3D image according
to the illustrated exemplary embodiment is substantially the same
as the display apparatus and the method of displaying the 3D image
of the previous exemplary embodiment explained referring to FIGS. 1
to 5 except for a pixel structure of the display panel. Thus, the
same reference numerals will be used to refer to the same or like
parts as those described in the previous exemplary embodiment of
FIGS. 1 to 5 and any repetitive explanation concerning the above
elements will be omitted.
Referring to FIG. 6, the display panel 100A includes a plurality of
unit pixels UP. The unit pixels UP may be in a matrix form. The
unit pixels UP are adjacent to each other in a first direction D1
to form a pixel row. The unit pixels UP are adjacent to each other
in a second direction D2 crossing the first direction D1, to form a
pixel column. The second direction D2 may be substantially
perpendicular to the first direction D1.
A first pixel row includes a plurality of red pixels R. A second
pixel row includes a plurality of green pixels G. A third pixel row
includes a plurality of blue pixels B.
The unit pixel UP includes an opening portion and a blocking
portion. The blocking portion may be adjacent to the opening
portion in the first direction D1.
In the display panel 100A, the opening portion and the blocking
portion alternate with each other in the first direction D1. The
first direction D1 may correspond to a horizontal direction of the
display panel 100A. In the display panel 100A, the opening portion
and the blocking portion alternate with each other in the second
direction D2. The second direction D2 may correspond to a vertical
direction of the display panel 100A.
In one exemplary embodiment, for example, when a left eye of an
observer is at a left column of a first pixel column PC1 and a
right eye of the observer is at a right column of the first pixel
column PC1, a red image R, a black image, a blue image B, a black
image, a green image G and a black image are viewed to the left eye
of the observer according to the left column of the first pixel
column PC1 during the first sub frame. A black image, a green image
G, a black image, a red image R, a black image and a blue image B
are viewed to the right eye of the observer according to the right
column of the first pixel column PC1 during the first sub frame. In
the second sub frame, the lens is shifted by a half of the width of
the unit pixel UP. Accordingly, a black image, a green image G, a
black image, a red image R, a black image and a blue image B are
viewed to the left eye of the observer during the second sub frame.
A red image R, a black image, a blue image B, a black image, a
green image G and a black image are viewed to the right eye of the
observer during the second sub frame.
According to the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the opening
portion and the blocking portion alternate along the pixel column
so that a flickering due to the temporal dividing driving method
may be reduced or effectively prevented.
FIG. 7 is a plan view illustrating still another exemplary
embodiment of a display panel of a display apparatus according to
the invention.
A display apparatus and a method of displaying a 3D image according
to the illustrated exemplary embodiment is substantially the same
as the display apparatus and the method of displaying the 3D image
of the previous exemplary embodiment explained referring to FIGS. 1
to 5 except for a pixel structure of the display panel. Thus, the
same reference numerals will be used to refer to the same or like
parts as those described in the previous exemplary embodiment of
FIGS. 1 to 5 and any repetitive explanation concerning the above
elements will be omitted.
Referring to FIG. 7, the display panel 100B includes a plurality of
unit pixels UP. The unit pixels UP may be in a matrix form. The
unit pixels UP are adjacent to each other in a first direction D1
to form a pixel row. The unit pixels UP are adjacent to each other
in a second direction D2 crossing the first direction D1 to form a
pixel column. The second direction D2 may be substantially
perpendicular to the first direction D1.
A first pixel row includes a plurality of red pixels R. A second
pixel row includes a plurality of green pixels G. A third pixel row
includes a plurality of blue pixels B.
The unit pixel UP includes an opening portion and a blocking
portion. The blocking portion may be adjacent to the opening
portion in the first direction D1.
In the display panel 100B, the opening portion and the blocking
portion alternate with each other in the first direction D1. The
first direction D1 may correspond to a horizontal direction of the
display panel 100B. In the display panel 100B, a group of the
opening portions and a group of the blocking portions alternate
with each other in the second direction D2. The second direction D2
may correspond to a vertical direction of the display panel 100B.
In the illustrated embodiment, for example, three opening portions
a first group and three blocking portions of a second group
alternate with each other in the second direction D2.
In one exemplary embodiment, for example, when a left eye of an
observer is at a left column of a first pixel column PC1 and a
right eye of the observer is at a right column of the first pixel
column PC1, a red image R, a green image G, a blue image B, a black
image, a black image and a black image are viewed to the left eye
of the observer according to the left column of the first pixel
column PC1 during the first sub frame. A black image, a black
image, a black image, a red image R, a green image G and a blue
image B are viewed to the right eye of the observer according to
the right column of the first pixel column PC1 during the first sub
frame. In the second sub frame, the lens is shifted by a half of
the width of the unit pixel UP. Accordingly, a black image, a black
image, a black image, a red image R, a green image G and a blue
image B are viewed to the left eye of the observer during the
second sub frame. A red image R, a green image G, a blue image B, a
black image, a black image and a black image are viewed to the
right eye of the observer during the second sub frame.
According to the illustrated exemplary embodiment, a group of the
opening portions and a group of the blocking portions alternate
along the pixel column so that a flickering due to the temporal
dividing driving method may be reduced or effectively
prevented.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view illustrating another exemplary
embodiment of a display apparatus according to the invention.
A display apparatus and a method of displaying a 3D image according
to the illustrated exemplary embodiment is substantially the same
as the display apparatus and the method of displaying the 3D image
of the previous exemplary embodiment explained referring to FIGS. 1
to 5 except for a barrier part defining a blocking portion. Thus,
the same reference numerals will be used to refer to the same or
like parts as those described in the previous exemplary embodiment
of FIGS. 1 to 5 and any repetitive explanation concerning the above
elements will be omitted.
Referring to FIG. 8, the display apparatus includes the display
panel 100, a barrier part 150, the lens plate 200, a display panel
driver 300 and the lens driver 400.
The display panel 100 displays an image. The display panel 100
includes a plurality of unit pixels. The unit pixels may be in a
matrix form.
The lens plate 200 is on the display panel 100. The lens plate 200
includes a plurality of lenses L. The lenses L convert the 2D image
displayed on the display panel 100 to the 3D image.
The lenses L extend along the second direction D2, and are adjacent
to each other in the first direction D1. An extending direction of
the lens L may be parallel to a vertical direction of the unit
pixel.
The barrier part 150 is between the display panel 100 and the lens
plate 200. The barrier part 150 includes a plurality of barriers BR
covering a portion of the display panel 100.
The barriers BR respectively have a bar shape longitudinally
extending along the second direction D2, and are adjacent to each
other in the first direction D1.
The unit pixel includes an opening portion and the blocking
portion. The blocking portion may be adjacent to the opening
portion in the first direction D1.
The opening portion is defined by a color filter of the display
panel 100. The blocking portion is defined by the barrier BR of the
barrier part 150. The color filter is in the opening portion. The
barrier BR is in the blocking portion.
An aperture ratio of the unit pixel is defined as a ratio of an
area of the opening portion to an area of the unit pixel. In the
illustrated exemplary embodiment, the aperture ratio of the unit
pixel may be defined as a ratio of a first width of the opening
portion to a width of the unit pixel. When the display panel 100 is
driven by dividing a single frame into N sub frames, the aperture
ratio of the unit pixel is adjusted to be 1/N.
In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, N is two so that the
aperture ratio is 1/2. A ratio between the first width of the
opening portion and a second width of the blocking portion is
1:1.
FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view illustrating an exemplary
embodiment of a relative position of the display panel 100, the
barrier part 150 and the lens plate 200 of FIG. 8 during a first
sub frame. FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view illustrating an
exemplary embodiment of a relative position of the display panel
100, the barrier part 150 and the lens plate 200 of FIG. 8 during a
second sub frame.
Referring to FIGS. 8, 9A and 9B, the display panel 100 includes
first to fourth pixels P1, P2, P3 and P4. The barrier part 150 is
on the display panel 100. The barrier part 150 includes the
barriers BR1, BR2, BR3 and BR4. The barriers BR1 to BR4 define the
blocking portions of the first to fourth pixels P1 to P4. A width
of each of the first to fourth pixels P1 to P4 is W. An aperture
ratio of each of the first to fourth pixels P1 to P4 is 1/2. The
lens plate 200 is on the barrier part 150.
Referring to FIG. 9A, the display panel driver 300 provides the
first image to the display panel 100 during the first sub frame.
The first image includes first, third, fifth and seventh viewpoint
images 1, 3, 5 and 7.
The lens driver 400 disposes the lens at a first position, which
corresponds to a boundary of the first pixel P1 and a boundary of
the fourth pixel P4.
Referring to FIG. 9B, the display panel driver 300 provides the
second image to the display panel 100 during the second sub frame.
The second image includes second, fourth, sixth and eighth
viewpoint images 2, 4, 6 and 8.
The lens driver 400 moves the lens to a second position from the
first position to dispose the lens at the second position. The
second position is shifted by a half of the width of the unit pixel
W/2 from the first position.
Referring to FIGS. 9A and 9B, for example, when a left eye of an
observer is at a first viewpoint and a right eye of the observer is
at a second viewpoint, the first viewpoint image 1 is viewed to the
left eye of the observer through the opening portion during the
first sub frame. A black image is viewed to the right eye of the
observer by the blocking portion during the first sub frame. The
second viewpoint image 2 is viewed to the right eye of the observer
through the opening portion during the second sub frame. A black
image is viewed to the left eye of the observer by the blocking
portion during the second sub frame. Thus, the observer may
recognize the 3D image by mixing the first viewpoint image 1 of the
first sub frame and the second viewpoint image 2 of the second sub
frame.
According to the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the display
apparatus further includes the barrier part 150 to adjust a width
of the blocking portion so that the 3D image may be displayed using
a conventional display panel for displaying the 2D image.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view illustrating still another exemplary
embodiment of a display apparatus according to the invention.
A display apparatus and a method of displaying a 3D image according
to the illustrated exemplary embodiment is substantially the same
as the display apparatus and the method of displaying the 3D image
of the previous exemplary embodiment explained referring to FIGS. 1
to 5 except for an active barrier part including an active barrier
to define a blocking portion and a barrier driver moving the active
barrier. Thus, the same reference numerals will be used to refer to
the same or like parts as those described in the previous exemplary
embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 5 and any repetitive explanation
concerning the above elements will be omitted.
Referring to FIG. 10, the display apparatus includes the display
panel 100, an active barrier part 150A, the lens plate 200, the
display panel driver 300 and a barrier driver 350.
The display panel 100 displays an image. The display panel 100
includes a plurality of unit pixels. The unit pixels may be in a
matrix form.
The lens plate 200 is on the display panel 100. The lens plate 200
includes a plurality of lenses L. The lenses L convert the 2D image
displayed on the display panel 100 to the 3D image.
The lenses L extend along the second direction D2, and are adjacent
to each other in the first direction D1. An extending direction of
the lens L may be parallel to a vertical direction of the unit
pixel.
The active barrier part 150A is between the display panel 100 and
the lens plate 200. The active barrier part 150A includes a
plurality of active barriers ABR covering a portion of the display
panel 100.
The active barriers ABR respectively have a bar shape
longitudinally extending along the second direction D2, and are
adjacent to each other in the first direction D1.
The barrier driver 350 is connected to the active barrier part
150A. The barrier driver 350 outputs a signal for driving the
active barriers ABR, to the active barrier part 150A.
The barrier driver 350 disposes the active barriers ABR at a first
position during the first sub frame. The barrier driver 350
disposes the active barriers ABR at a second position during the
second sub frame. The second position is shifted by 1/N of the
width of the unit pixel from the first position.
In one exemplary embodiment, for example, when N is two, the
barrier driver 350 moves active barriers ABR by a half of the width
of the unit pixel to dispose the active barriers ABR at the second
position during the second sub frame.
The unit pixel includes an opening portion and the blocking
portion. The blocking portion may be adjacent to the opening
portion in the first direction D1.
The opening portion is defined by a color filter of the display
panel 100. The blocking portion is defined by the active barrier
ABR of the active barrier part 150A. The color filter is in the
opening portion. The active barrier ABR is in the blocking
portion.
An aperture ratio of the unit pixel is defined as a ratio of an
area of the opening portion to an area of the unit pixel. In the
illustrated exemplary embodiment, the aperture ratio of the unit
pixel may be defined as a ratio of a first width of the opening
portion to a width of the unit pixel. When the display panel 100 is
driven by dividing a single frame into N sub frames, the aperture
ratio of the unit pixel is adjusted to be 1/N.
In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, N is two so that the
aperture ratio is 1/2. A ratio between the first width of the
opening portion and a second width of the blocking portion is
1:1.
FIG. 11A is a cross-sectional view illustrating an exemplary
embodiment of a relative position of the display panel 100, the
active barrier part 150A and the lens plate 200 of FIG. 10 during a
first sub frame. FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view illustrating an
exemplary embodiment of a relative position of the display panel
100, the active barrier part 150A and the lens plate 200 of FIG. 10
during a second sub frame.
Referring to FIGS. 10, 11A and 11B, the display panel 100 includes
first to fourth pixels P1, P2, P3 and P4. The active barrier part
150A is on the display panel 100. The active barrier part 150A
includes the barriers ABR1, ABR2, ABR3 and ABR4. The active
barriers ABR1 to ABR4 define the blocking portions of the first to
fourth pixels P1 to P4. A width of each of the first to fourth
pixels P1 to P4 is W. An aperture ratio of each of the first to
fourth pixels P1 to P4 is 1/2. The lens plate 200 is on the active
barrier part 150A.
Referring to FIG. 11A, the display panel driver 300 provides the
first image to the display panel 100 during the first sub frame.
The first image includes first, third, fifth and seventh viewpoint
images 1, 3, 5 and 7.
The barrier driver 350 disposes the active barriers ABR1 to ABR4 at
a first position, which corresponds to first portions of the first
to fourth pixels P1 to P4. In one exemplary embodiment, for
example, the first position may correspond to right half portions
of the first to fourth pixels P1 to P4.
Referring to FIG. 11B, the display panel driver 300 provides the
second image to the display panel 100 during the second sub frame.
The second image includes second, fourth, sixth and eighth
viewpoint images 2, 4, 6 and 8.
The barrier driver 350 moves the active barriers ABR1 to ABR4 to a
second position from the first position to dispose the active
barriers ABR1 to ABR4 at the second position. The second position
is shifted by a half of the width of the unit pixel W/2 from the
first position. In one exemplary embodiment, for example, the
second position may correspond to left half portions of the first
to fourth pixels P1 to P4.
Referring to FIGS. 11A and 11B, for example, when a left eye of an
observer is at a first viewpoint and a right eye of the observer is
at a second viewpoint, the first viewpoint image 1 is viewed to the
left eye of the observer through the opening portion during the
first sub frame. A black image is viewed to the right eye of the
observer by the blocking portion during the first sub frame. The
second viewpoint image 2 is viewed to the right eye of the observer
through the opening portion during the second sub frame. A black
image is viewed to the left eye of the observer by the blocking
portion during the second sub frame. Thus, the observer may
recognize the 3D image by mixing the first viewpoint image 1 of the
first sub frame and the second viewpoint image 2 of the second sub
frame.
According to the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the display
apparatus further includes the active barrier part 150A to adjust a
width of the blocking portion so that the 3D image may be displayed
using a conventional display panel for displaying the 2D image.
FIG. 12 is a plan view illustrating another exemplary embodiment of
a unit pixel of a display panel of a display apparatus according to
the invention.
A display apparatus and a method of displaying a 3D image according
to the illustrated exemplary embodiment is substantially the same
as the display apparatus and the method of displaying the 3D image
of the previous exemplary embodiment explained referring to FIGS. 1
to 5 except that the display panel is driven by dividing a single
frame into 3 sub frames. Thus, the same reference numerals will be
used to refer to the same or like parts as those described in the
previous exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 5 and any repetitive
explanation concerning the above elements will be omitted.
The display apparatus according to the illustrated exemplary
embodiment includes the display panel 100, the lens plate 200, the
display panel driver 300 and the lens driver 400.
The display panel driver 300 drives the display panel 100 by
dividing a single frame into N sub frames. In the illustrated
exemplary embodiment, N is three.
The display panel driver 300 generates a first image corresponding
to a first sub frame, a second image corresponding to a second sub
frame and a third image corresponding to a third sub frame based on
an input image. The display panel driver 300 provides the first
image to the display panel 100 during the first sub frame. The
display panel driver 300 provides the second image to the display
panel 100 during the second sub frame. The display panel driver 300
provides the third image to the display panel 100 during the third
sub frame.
The lens driver 400 is connected to the lens plate 200. The lens
driver 400 outputs a signal for driving a plurality of lenses
L.
The lens driver 400 disposes the lenses L at a first position
during the first sub frame. The lens driver 400 disposes the lenses
L at a second position during the second sub frame. The second
position is shifted by 1/N of the width of the unit pixel from the
first position.
In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, N is three, so that the
lens driver 400 moves the lenses L by 1/3 of the width of the unit
pixel to dispose the lenses L at the second position during the
second sub frame. In addition, the lens driver 400 moves the lenses
L by 1/3 of the width of the unit pixel to dispose the lenses L at
the third position during the third sub frame.
Referring to FIG. 12, a unit pixel UPA includes the opening portion
OP and the blocking portion BP. The blocking portion BP may be
adjacent to the opening portion OP in the first direction D1.
The opening portion OP is defined by the color filter of the
display panel 100. The blocking portion BP is defined by a black
matrix of the display panel 100. The color filter is in the opening
portion OP. The black matrix is in the blocking portion BP.
Alternatively, the blocking portion BP may be defined by a barrier
or an active barrier on the display panel 100.
The opening portion OP has a first width W1 in the first direction
D1. The blocking portion BP has a second width W2 in the first
direction D1. The width W of the unit pixel UPA in the first
direction D1 is substantially equal to a sum of the first and
second widths W1+W2.
An aperture ratio of the unit pixel UPA is defined as a ratio of an
area of the opening portion OP to an area of the unit pixel UPA. In
the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the aperture ratio of the
unit pixel UPA may be defined as a ratio of the first width W1 of
the opening portion OP to the width W of the unit pixel UPA. When
the display panel 100 is driven by dividing a single frame into N
sub frames, the aperture ratio of the unit pixel UPA is adjusted to
be 1/N.
In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, N is three, so that the
aperture ratio W1/W is 1/3. A ratio between the first width W1 of
the opening portion OP and the second width W2 of the blocking
portion BP is 1:2.
FIG. 13A is a cross-sectional view illustrating an exemplary
embodiment of a relative position of the display panel 100
including the unit pixel of FIG. 12 and a lens plate 200 during a
first sub frame. FIG. 13B is a cross-sectional view illustrating an
exemplary embodiment of a relative position of the display panel
100 including the unit pixel of FIG. 12 and the lens plate 200
during a second sub frame. FIG. 13C is a cross-sectional view
illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a relative position of the
display panel 100 including the unit pixel of FIG. 12 and the lens
plate 200 during a third sub frame.
Referring to FIGS. 12, 13A and 13B, the display panel 100 includes
first to fourth pixels P1, P2, P3 and P4. A width of each of the
first to fourth pixels P1 to P4 is W. An aperture ratio of each of
the first to fourth pixels P1 to P4 is 1/3.
The lens plate 200 is on the display panel 100. A single lens of
the lens plate 200 has a width corresponding to a total width of
four pixels. The lens has a width corresponding to a width of the
first to fourth pixels P1 to P4.
Referring to FIG. 13A, the display panel driver 300 provides the
first image to the display panel 100 during the first sub frame.
The first image includes first, fourth, seventh and tenth viewpoint
images 1, 4, 7 and 10. The first pixel P1 displays the first
viewpoint image 1. The second pixel P2 displays the fourth
viewpoint image 4. The third pixel P3 displays the seventh
viewpoint image 7. The fourth pixel P4 displays the tenth viewpoint
image 10.
The lens driver 400 disposes the lens at the first position, which
corresponds to a boundary of the first pixel P1 and a boundary of
the fourth pixel P4.
Referring to FIG. 13B, the display panel driver 300 provides the
second image to the display panel 100 during the second sub frame.
The second image includes second, fifth, eighth and eleventh
viewpoint images 2, 5, 8 and 11. The first pixel P1 displays the
second viewpoint image 2. The second pixel P2 displays the fifth
viewpoint image 5. The third pixel P3 displays the eighth viewpoint
image 8. The fourth pixel P4 displays the eleventh viewpoint image
11.
The lens driver 400 moves the lens to the second position from the
first position to dispose the lens at the second position. The
second position is shifted by 1/3 of the width of the unit pixel
W/3 from the first position.
Referring to FIG. 13C, the display panel driver 300 provides the
third image to the display panel 100 during the third sub frame.
The third image includes third, sixth, ninth and twelfth viewpoint
images 3, 6, 9 and 12. The first pixel P1 displays the third
viewpoint image 3. The second pixel P2 displays the sixth viewpoint
image 6. The third pixel P3 displays the ninth viewpoint image 9.
The fourth pixel P4 displays the twelfth viewpoint image 12.
The lens driver 400 moves the lens to the third position from the
second position to dispose the lens at the third position. The
third position is shifted by 1/3 of the width of the unit pixel W/3
from the second position.
Referring to FIGS. 13A to 13C, for example, when a left eye of an
observer is at a first viewpoint and a right eye of the observer is
at a second viewpoint, the first viewpoint image 1 is viewed to the
left eye of the observer through the opening portion during the
first sub frame. A black image is viewed to the right eye of the
observer by the blocking portion during the first sub frame. The
second viewpoint image 2 is viewed to the right eye of the observer
through the opening portion during the second sub frame. A black
image is viewed to the left eye of the observer by the blocking
portion during the second sub frame. A black image is viewed to the
right eye of the observer by the blocking portion during the third
sub frame. A black image is viewed to the left eye of the observer
by the blocking portion during the third sub frame. Thus, the
observer may recognize the 3D image by mixing the first viewpoint
image 1 of the first sub frame and the second viewpoint image 2 of
the second sub frame.
FIG. 14 is a graph illustrating a luminance of the display panel
100 including the unit pixel of FIG. 12 according to a viewing
angle during the first to third sub frames.
Referring to FIGS. 13A to 13C and 14, relatively bright images are
viewed at the first, fourth, seventh and tenth viewpoints through
the opening portion during the first sub frame. The black images
are viewed at the second, third, fifth, sixth, ninth, eleventh and
twelfth viewpoints by the blocking portion during the first sub
frame.
Relatively bright images are viewed at the second, fifth, eighth
and eleventh viewpoints through the opening portion during the
second sub frame. The black images are viewed at the first, third,
fourth, sixth, seventh, ninth, tenth and twelfth viewpoints by the
blocking portion during the second sub frame.
Relatively bright images are viewed at the third, sixth, ninth and
twelfth viewpoints through the opening portion during the third sub
frame. The black images are viewed at the first, second, fourth,
fifth, seventh, eighth, tenth and eleventh viewpoints by the
blocking portion during the third sub frame.
In FIG. 12, the ratio between the first width W1 of the opening
portion OP and the second width W2 of the blocking portion BP is
1:2, so that the relatively bright image and the black image are
repeated in a ratio of 1:2 at each of the viewpoints. Accordingly,
the display apparatus of the illustrated exemplary embodiment
displays the 3D image like a display apparatus using a shutter
glass, which repeatedly turns on a left eye, turns on a right eye
and turns off left and right eyes. Thus, the display apparatus of
the illustrated exemplary embodiment may reduce or effectively
prevent the crosstalk where a left image is shown in a right eye or
a right image is shown in a left eye.
In addition, an average of a luminance of the first image during
the first sub frame and a luminance of the second image during the
second sub frame is substantially uniform at any viewpoints, so
that the display apparatus of the illustrated exemplary embodiment
may reduce or effectively prevent the moire where a luminance of
the display panel 100 is not uniform according to the
viewpoint.
According to the exemplary embodiments of the invention as
explained above, the number of viewpoints of the 3D image may be
increased by the temporal dividing driving method. Thus, the
display quality of the 3D image and the viewing angle of the
display apparatus may be improved.
In addition, the aperture of the unit pixel is adjusted according
to the temporal dividing driving method so that the crosstalk and
the moire may be reduced or effectively prevented. Thus, the
display quality of the 3D image may be improved.
The foregoing is illustrative of the invention and is not to be
construed as limiting thereof. Although a few exemplary embodiments
of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art will
readily appreciate that many modifications are possible in the
exemplary embodiments without materially departing from the novel
teachings and advantages of the invention. Accordingly, all such
modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the
invention as defined in the claims. In the claims,
means-plus-function clauses are intended to cover the structures
described herein as performing the recited function and not only
structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Therefore,
it is to be understood that the foregoing is illustrative of the
invention and is not to be construed as limited to the specific
exemplary embodiments disclosed, and that modifications to the
disclosed exemplary embodiments, as well as other exemplary
embodiments, are intended to be included within the scope of the
appended claims. The invention is defined by the following claims,
with equivalents of the claims to be included therein.
* * * * *