U.S. patent number 8,966,852 [Application Number 14/104,685] was granted by the patent office on 2015-03-03 for floor panel.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl. The grantee listed for this patent is Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl. Invention is credited to Mark Cappelle.
United States Patent |
8,966,852 |
Cappelle |
March 3, 2015 |
Floor panel
Abstract
Floor panel, with a horizontally and vertically active locking
system allowing that two of such floor panels can be connected to
each other at said sides by providing one of these floor panels, by
means of a downward movement, in the other floor panel; wherein the
vertically active locking system comprises a locking element in the
form of an insert; wherein this locking element comprises at least
a pivotable lock-up body; characterized in that the pivotable
lock-up body comprises a support portion which is rotatable against
a support surface pertaining to the floor panel concerned, and more
particularly in a seat.
Inventors: |
Cappelle; Mark (Staden,
BE) |
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl |
Bertrange |
N/A |
LU |
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Assignee: |
Flooring Industries Limited,
Sarl (Bertrange, LU)
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Family
ID: |
39535710 |
Appl.
No.: |
14/104,685 |
Filed: |
December 12, 2013 |
Prior Publication Data
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Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
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US 20140130437 A1 |
May 15, 2014 |
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Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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12744231 |
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8621814 |
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PCT/IB2008/003133 |
Nov 19, 2008 |
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61071201 |
Apr 17, 2008 |
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Foreign Application Priority Data
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Nov 23, 2007 [BE] |
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2007/0567 |
Jun 26, 2008 [DE] |
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20 2008 008 597 U |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
52/582.1;
52/586.2; 52/586.1; 52/592.1; 52/582.2 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E04F
15/045 (20130101); E04F 15/107 (20130101); E04F
15/02 (20130101); E04F 15/10 (20130101); E04F
15/02038 (20130101); E04F 2201/023 (20130101); E04F
2201/0115 (20130101); E04F 2201/044 (20130101); E04F
2201/0588 (20130101); E04F 2201/043 (20130101); E04F
2201/0146 (20130101); E04F 2201/0176 (20130101); E04F
2201/0552 (20130101); E04F 2201/0153 (20130101); E04F
2201/0138 (20130101); E04F 2201/049 (20130101); E04F
2201/0523 (20130101); E04F 15/04 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
E04B
2/00 (20060101) |
Field of
Search: |
;52/309.1,309.13,582.1,582.2,586.1,586.2,588.1,591.1,592.1
;403/339,364 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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991373 |
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Jun 1976 |
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CA |
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20008708 |
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Sep 2000 |
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DE |
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20112474 |
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Dec 2002 |
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DE |
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29924454 |
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May 2003 |
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DE |
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102004055951 |
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Jul 2005 |
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DE |
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102004001363 |
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Aug 2005 |
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DE |
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102005002297 |
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Aug 2005 |
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DE |
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202007000310 |
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May 2007 |
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DE |
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202008008597 |
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Sep 2008 |
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DE |
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1159497 |
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Dec 2001 |
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EP |
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1350904 |
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Oct 2003 |
|
EP |
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1420125 |
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May 2004 |
|
EP |
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1282752 |
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Oct 2004 |
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EP |
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1415056 |
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Jan 2006 |
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EP |
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1818478 |
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Aug 2007 |
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EP |
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7300979 |
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Nov 1995 |
|
JP |
|
515324 |
|
Jul 2007 |
|
SE |
|
9747834 |
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Dec 1997 |
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WO |
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2004079130 |
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Sep 2004 |
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WO |
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2005054599 |
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Jun 2005 |
|
WO |
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2006032398 |
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Mar 2006 |
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WO |
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2006043893 |
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Apr 2006 |
|
WO |
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2006104436 |
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Oct 2006 |
|
WO |
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2007008139 |
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Jan 2007 |
|
WO |
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2007/015669 |
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Feb 2007 |
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WO |
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2007079845 |
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Jul 2007 |
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WO |
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2009066153 |
|
May 2009 |
|
WO |
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Other References
International Search Report and Written Opinion in
PCT/IB2008/003133, Oct. 8, 2009. cited by applicant .
Search Report of EPO/Belgium regarding Belgium Patent Application
No. 2007/0567, Jul. 2, 2008. cited by applicant .
International Search Report and Written Opinion from PCT
Application No. PCT/IB2010/050153, Jan. 5, 2011. cited by
applicant.
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Primary Examiner: Chapman; Jeanette E
Assistant Examiner: Buckle, Jr.; James
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Workman Nydegger
Parent Case Text
This invention is a continuation of application Ser. No.
12/744,231, filed May 21, 2010, which claims the benefit of U.S.
provisional application No. 61/071,201, filed Apr. 17, 2008.
Claims
The invention claimed is:
1. A floor panel, said floor panel having a first pair of opposite
sides and a second pair of opposite sides; said floor panel being
rectangular and oblong and said first pair of opposite sides
forming the short sides and said second pair of opposite sides
forming the long sides; said floor panel at the first pair of
opposite sides comprising coupling parts with which two of such
floor panels can be coupled to each other; wherein these coupling
parts form a horizontally active locking system and a vertically
active locking system; wherein the horizontally active locking
system has a male part and a female part, which allow to connect
two of such floor panels to each other at the respective first
sides by providing one of these floor panels with the pertaining
male part, by means of a downward movement, in the female part of
the other floor panel; and wherein the vertically active locking
system comprises a locking element, which is provided in the form
of an insert in a distal face of the side which is provided with
the male part; said floor panel at the second pair of opposite
sides comprising coupling parts allowing a connection with a
similar panel at least by means of a pivoting movement, said
connection providing a vertical as well as horizontal locking
effect between the coupled panels; said coupling parts at said
first and second pair of opposite sides being configured such that
such panel at a long side by means of said pivoting movement can be
coupled to a similar panel in a previous row, whereas
simultaneously, the same panel, due to the downward movement
engages at one of its short sides with a preceding panel in the
same row; wherein said locking element consists of a synthetic
material strip provided in a recess; wherein said locking element
comprises a lock-up body which is formed as a pivotable part, said
lock-up body having an upward directed extremity in the form of a
free end that can be rotated outward, said free end forming a
locking portion which can co-operate with a locking portion of a
similar coupled floor panel; wherein said sides of said first pair
of sides are realized in such a manner that two of such panels at
these sides also can be locked or unlocked, or both locked and
unlocked by mutually angling them into each other, out of each
other, respectively; and wherein the male part and the female part
comprise cooperating contact surfaces, wherein the contact surface
of the female part is upwardly inclined in a distal direction.
2. The floor panel of claim 1, wherein said strip viewed in
cross-section is composed of two or more zones consisting of
synthetic materials with different features.
3. The floor panel of claim 2, wherein said synthetic materials
show a different flexibility, elasticity, respectively.
4. The floor panel of claim 3, wherein said different synthetic
materials are applied in function of the desired movability and/or
the desired compressibility.
5. The floor panel of claim 2, wherein said strip is formed by
co-extrusion by co-extruding the different zones.
6. The floor panel of claim 1, wherein the floor panel is made of
wood or a product on the basis of wood selected from the group
consisting of: MDF and HDF.
7. The floor panel of claim 1, wherein the floor panel is made of
synthetic material.
8. The floor panel of claim 1, wherein said lock-up body extends
over a height which is at least 40% of the height difference
between an upper side of the floor panel and a lowermost point of
the male part.
9. The floor panel of claim 1, wherein said lock-up body extends
over a height which is at least 50% of the height difference
between an upper side of the floor panel and a lowermost point of
the male part.
10. The floor panel of claim 1, wherein, in the coupled condition
of two such floor panels, the horizontal distance as measured from
upper edges of the coupled floor panels up to the cooperating point
of the contact surfaces, which is situated farther away from these
upper edges, is at least 1.3 times the distance between an upper
side of the floor panel and a lowermost point of the male part.
11. The floor panel of claim 1, wherein said sides of said first
pair of sides are realized in such a manner that two of such panels
at these sides also can be locked by mutually angling them into
each other.
12. The floor panel of claim 1, wherein said sides of said first
pair of sides are realized in such a manner that two of such panels
at these sides also can be unlocked by mutually angling them out of
each other.
13. The floor panel of claim 1, wherein said sides of said first
pair of sides are realized in such a manner that two of such panels
at these sides also can be both locked and unlocked by mutually
angling them into each other, out of each other, respectively.
14. A floor panel comprising, at least at two opposite sides,
coupling parts with which two of such floor panels can be coupled
to each other at the respective edges; wherein the coupling parts
form a horizontally active locking system and a vertically active
locking system; wherein at least one of the locking systems
comprises a locking element, in the form of a separate insert at
one of the respective edges; wherein the locking element comprises
at least a movable lock-up body having an extremity acting as a
locking portion which in the coupled condition of two of such
panels cooperates with a locking portion of a similar coupled floor
panel; and wherein the locking element comprises a synthetic
coextruded material strip, comprising, seen in cross section, at
least two co-extruded zones of materials with different material
characteristics.
15. The floor panel of claim 14, wherein said synthetic materials
show a different flexibility, elasticity, respectively.
16. The floor panel of claim 15, wherein said different synthetic
materials are applied in function of the desired movability and/or
the desired compressibility.
17. The floor panel of claim 14, wherein the floor panel is made of
wood or a product on the basis of wood selected from the group
consisting of: MDF and HDF.
18. The floor panel of claim 14, wherein the floor panel is made of
synthetic material.
19. The floor panel of claim 14, wherein the locking element is
part of the vertically active locking system.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a floor panel.
More particularly, it relates to a floor panel comprising coupling
parts at least at two opposite sides, in the form of a male
coupling part and a female coupling part, respectively, which allow
to connect two of such floor panels to each other at the
aforementioned sides by providing one of these floor panels with
the pertaining male coupling part, by means of a downward movement,
in the female coupling part of the other floor panel, such that
thereby at least a locking in horizontal direction is obtained.
2. Related Art
Couplings allowing to couple two floor panels to each other by
joining one floor panel with a downward movement into the other, in
practice are subdivided into two kinds, namely a first kind wherein
the coupling parts exclusively provide for a horizontal locking,
without any presence of a locking in vertical direction, and a
second kind wherein a horizontal as well as a vertical locking are
provided for.
The couplings of the first kind are also known as so-called
"drop-in" systems. Floor panels equipped with those at two opposite
sides are known, amongst others, from CA 991.373 and JP 07-300979.
As is evident from these patent documents, such "drop-in" systems
often are only applied at a first pair of opposite sides of the
floor panels, whereas then at the second pair of opposite sides,
coupling parts are applied which, in the coupled condition of two
floor panels, provide for a vertical as well as a horizontal
locking and which allow that two of such floor panels can be
coupled to each other by means of an angling movement. Floor panels
with such a combination of coupling parts offer the advantage that
they can be easily installed successively in rows, simply by
coupling each new floor panel to be installed to the preceding row
of floor panels by means of the angling movement and by providing
for, when angling it down, that such floor panel simultaneously
also engages in an already installed preceding floor panel of the
same row. Thus, the installation of such floor panel only requires
an angling and putting-down movement, which is a particularly
user-friendly installation technique.
A disadvantage of floor panels with such coupling parts consists in
that due to the fact that there is no locking in vertical
direction, height differences between the coupled floor panels may
arise at the top surface. Thus, for example, such floor panels in a
first or last row of a floor covering may turn back upward from
their flat position, if they are not held down by a skirting board
or the like. Even if such floor panels are provided with a
"drop-in" system at only one pair of sides, while being locked in
horizontal as well as vertical directions at their other pair of
sides in respect to adjacent floor panels, height differences may
occur between adjacent floor panels at the sides coupled by the
"drop-in" system, amongst others, when two adjacent floor panels
are loaded differently, or when one floor panel should warp and
bend somewhat in respect to the other.
Couplings of said second kind, also named "push-lock" systems, try
to remedy the aforementioned disadvantage by also providing a
vertical locking. Such so-called "push-lock" systems may be divided
into two different categories, namely one-piece embodiments and
embodiments comprising a separate locking element, which is made as
an insert, whether or not fixedly attached to the actual floor
panel.
One-piece embodiments are known, amongst others, from the patent
documents DE 29924454, DE 20008708, DE 20112474, DE 102004001363,
DE 102004055951, EP 1,282,752 and EP 1,350,904. The known one-piece
embodiments have the disadvantage that they are working relatively
stiff and a good joining of two floor panels can not always be
guaranteed.
Embodiments comprising a separate locking element which assists in
a vertical and possibly also horizontal locking between two coupled
floor panels, are known, amongst others, from the patent documents
DE 202007000310, DE 10200401363, DE 102005002297, EP 1,159,497, EP
1,415,056B1, EP 1,818,478, WO 2004/079130, WO 2005/054599, WO
2006/043893, WO 2006/104436, WO 2007/008139, WO 2007/079845 and SE
515324. The use of a separate locking element offers the advantage
that the material thereof is independent of the actual floor panel
and thus can be chosen in an optimum manner in function of the
application. Thereby, such inserts may be made of synthetic
material or metal, whereby relatively sturdy, however, still easily
movable locking portions can be realized, which, with a minimum
contact surface, can take up relatively large forces.
SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE
The present invention relates to floor panels which are equipped
with a "push-lock" system of the last-mentioned category, in other
words, which comprise a whether or not fixedly attached, however,
separately realized insert. The aim of the invention consists in a
further optimization of these "push-lock" systems in floor panels.
These improvements substantially consist of seven aspects, which
will be discussed in the following.
The first five aspects are specifically connected to floor panels
of the type: which comprises, at least at two opposite sides,
coupling parts with which two of such floor panels can be coupled
to each other; wherein these coupling parts form a horizontally
active locking system and a vertically active locking system;
wherein the horizontally active locking system comprises a male
part and a female part, which allow that two of such floor panels
can be connected to each other at the aforementioned sides by
providing one of these floor panels with the pertaining male part,
by means of a downward movement, in the female part of the other
floor panel; wherein the vertically active locking system comprises
a locking element, which is provided in the form of an insert in
one of the sides concerned; wherein this locking element comprises
at least a pivotable lock-up body; and wherein the lock-up body, at
one extremity, forms a stop-forming locking portion, which can
cooperate with a locking portion of a similar coupled floor
panel.
Floor panels of this type are known, amongst others, from the FIGS.
5-7, 8 and 9-11 of the aforementioned EP 1,415,056B1. In these
known embodiments, the locking portion realized in the form of an
insert consists of a synthetic material strip with an elastically
bendable lip, which, during its bending, functions as a pivotable
lock-up body. These known embodiments show the advantage that with
a relatively simple construction, a so-called "push-lock"
connection can be realized which is active over the entire length
of the synthetic material strip. However, practice has shown that
this known embodiment is not always functioning smoothly and that
tolerances in a realized coupling sometimes are difficult to keep
under control.
According to its first five aspects, the present invention aims at
floor panels of the aforementioned specific type, which are further
improved in respect to the aforementioned known embodiments. Thus,
these improvements substantially consist in five aspects, which can
be applied separately or in any imaginable combination.
To this aim, the invention according to a first aspect relates to a
floor panel of the above-mentioned specific type, with the
characteristic that the pivotable lock-up body, opposite from the
extremity forming the locking portion, comprises a support portion,
which is rotatable against a support surface pertaining to the
floor panel concerned, and more particularly is rotatable in a
seat. As the lock-up body is provided with a support portion which
is rotatable against a support surface, and more particularly is
rotatable in a seat, the rotational movement of the lock-up body is
defined better than in the known embodiments, and a more precise
coupling can be provided than, for example, in the case of an
embodiment according to FIGS. 5-7, 8 and 9-11 of said EP
1,415,056B1. In this known embodiment, the pivotable lock-up body
in fact is realized as a prolongation of an attachment portion,
whereby the hinge function occurs in the material of the insert,
and the precise rotational movement is difficult to predict, which
may lead to a less optimum functioning.
According to a second independent aspect, the invention relates to
a floor panel of the above-mentioned specific type, with the
characteristic that the pivotable lock-up body, opposite to the
extremity forming the locking portion, comprises a support portion
and that the lock-up body, between the locking portion and the
support portion, in itself is free from hinge portions and bending
sections. As the lock-up body is free from hinge portions and
bending sections, possible influences thereof on the shape and
length of the lock-up body are excluded and a fixed useful length
of the lock-up body can be guaranteed, such that, amongst others,
small production tolerances can be maintained, allowing precise
couplings. In connection therewith, it is thus preferred that the
lock-up body is performed as a rigid element.
According to a third independent aspect, the invention relates to a
floor panel of the above-mentioned specific type, with the
characteristic that the pivotable lock-up body, opposite to the
extremity forming the locking portion, comprises a support portion
in the form of a free extremity, which, at least in vertical
direction, is positively supported by a support portion pertaining
to the floor panel. As the support portion is made as a free
extremity, it does not experience influences from adjacent material
portions in its support portion, which is beneficial for a smooth
hinge motion of the lock-up body. By a free extremity is
substantially meant that this simply is made as a protruding leg,
without any further parts being attached thereto.
According to a fourth independent aspect, the invention relates to
a floor panel of the above-mentioned specific type, with the
characteristic that the lock-up body is rotatable around a rotation
point, support point, respectively, and that the locking element
comprises a press-on portion engaging at the lock-up body at a
distance from the rotation point, support point, respectively.
Thereby, it is possible to exert a suitable force with the press-on
element against the pivotable lock-up body, even if this press-on
element as such is relatively weak.
According to a fifth independent aspect, the invention relates to a
floor panel of the above-mentioned specific type, with the
characteristic that the vertically active locking system comprises
a tensioning system which is formed by a cam surface formed at the
extremity of the locking portion of the lock-up body, which cam
surface, in coupled condition, provides for a wedge effect against
the opposite locking portion of the coupled floor panel. Due to
such configuration, the lock-up body, in coupled condition, always
will settle well under the locking portion of the other floor
panel. Due to small movements occurring when the floor panels are
being walked on, the lock-up body, due to the wedge effect, will
crawl farther under the locking portion of the other floor panel,
whereby an even sturdier coupling is obtained. It is noted that
this fifth aspect can be applied for all forms of rotatable locking
portions, and thus, for example, also for embodiments, such as
known from EP 1,415,056B1.
According to a sixth independent aspect, the invention relates to a
floor panel comprising, at least at two opposite sides, coupling
parts with which two of such floor panels can be coupled to each
other; wherein these coupling parts form a horizontally active
locking system and a vertically active locking system; wherein the
horizontally active locking system comprises a male part and a
female part, which allow to connect two of such floor panels to
each other at the aforementioned sides by providing one of these
floor panels with the pertaining male part, by means of a downward
movement, in the female part of the other floor panel; and wherein
the vertically active locking system comprises a locking element,
which is provided in the form of an insert in one of the sides
concerned; with the characteristic that the locking element
consists of a co-extruded synthetic material strip provided in a
recess, which strip, viewed in cross-section, is composed of two or
more zones consisting of synthetic materials with different
features. In other words, there are at least two zones of materials
with different material characteristics. However, it is not
excluded that certain zones do have the same material
characteristics.
The use of such co-extruded synthetic material strip offers the
advantage that the features can be selected depending on the
function which certain parts of such strip have to fulfill. For
example, certain parts, which have to exert a pressure force or
tension force, can be realized in a rather elastic synthetic
material, whereas parts which have to take up forces in an immobile
manner, then better consist of a hard synthetic material.
Preferably, then also use is made of synthetic materials with
different flexibility, elasticity, respectively. Also, flexible
synthetic materials may be applied in order to realize movable
connections among different parts of the strip. According to still
another possibility, by means of the coextrusion zones are realized
which can provide for a better sealing, or which offer increased
friction resistance. Summarized, it is so that the different
synthetic materials are applied in function of the desired
movability and/or the desired compressibility and/or the desired
sealing effect.
It is clear that the sixth aspect extends to all "push lock"
systems which apply a separate locking element which is provided or
is to be provided in a recess in the edge of a floor panel, and is
not exclusively restricted to locking elements with a pivotable
lock-up body.
According to a seventh independent aspect, the invention relates to
a floor panel comprising, at least at two opposite sides, coupling
parts with which two of such floor panels can be coupled to each
other; wherein these coupling parts form a horizontally active
locking system and a vertically active locking system; wherein the
horizontally active locking system has a male part and a female
part, which allow to connect two of such floor panels to each other
at the aforementioned sides by providing one of these floor panels
with the pertaining male part, by means of a downward movement, in
the female part of the other floor panel; wherein the vertically
active locking system comprises a locking element, which is
provided in the form of an insert in one of the sides concerned;
with the characteristic that the locking element consists of a
synthetic material strip provided in a recess, which strip, in the
coupled condition of two floor panels, comes into contact with both
floor panels and thereby forms a seal, wherein between the upper
side of the floor panel and the synthetic material strip also a
seal is present at the panel edges. The importance and advantage of
this aspect will become clear from the following detailed
description.
It is noted that all forms of combinations of the aforementioned
seven aspects are possible.
Various advantageous dependent characteristics further will be
described by means of the embodiments represented in the figures.
All these dependent characteristics do not necessarily have to be
applied in the mutual combinations as shown in the figures. Each
characteristic can be combined as such with one of the independent
aspects; such inasmuch as such dependent characteristic is not
inconsistent with the characteristics of the respective independent
aspect itself.
It is noted that the present invention preferably is applied for
embodiments where the locking element, made as an insert,
substantially, and still better exclusively, serves as a locking
element assisting in the vertical locking and, thus, not in the
horizontal locking. The horizontal locking preferably exclusively
is performed by means of parts, such as the aforementioned male
part and female part, which are made from the actual panel
material, more particularly are mechanically formed therefrom. More
particularly, the invention preferably relates to embodiments
wherein the insert is produced separately and then is mounted in an
edge of an actual floor panel, whether or not in a fixed
manner.
More particularly, it is noted that the invention preferably is
applied in embodiments where said locking element provides
exclusively for an upward blockage, which means that this blockage
prevents that the male part can come loose from the female element
in an upward direction, whereas blockages in the other directions,
thus, in downward direction and in horizontal direction, are
obtained by the design of the panel edges themselves, in other
words, by the coupling parts mechanically formed in the material of
the panel.
Preferably, the invention relates to embodiments wherein at least
the lock-up body, and still better even the entire locking element
made as an insert, is realized relatively local, which more
particularly means that it is only present between a first and a
second horizontal level, of which the first horizontal level is
situated at a distance beneath the upper side of the coupled floor
panels, whereas the second horizontal level is situated lower than
the first, however, higher than the lowermost point of the male
part. Subsidiary thereto, it is, however, still preferred that said
lock-up element extends over a height which is at least 40% and
still better at least 50% of the height difference between the
upper side of such coupled floor panels and the lowermost point of
the male part. Using at least 40%, at least 50%, respectively, of
this height in combination with said location between said first
and second level offers various advantages. An advantage of
embodiments fulfilling this consists in that a good compromise is
achieved between sufficient compactness from the point of view of
the possibility of a smooth application in the edge of a floor
panel and from the point of view of the costs, on the one hand, and
sufficient extent in order to optimize construction and shape of
the locking element, on the other hand. Still another advantage in
respect to the known embodiments of floor panels with a comparable
total thickness, however, wherein the height of the lock-up body
does not fulfill said ratio of at least 40%, is that, at least in
the case of a pivotable lock-up body, a smaller rotation of this
lock-up body already results in a relatively large deviation at the
free extremity, whereby a good locking can be obtained in a smooth
manner. As a consequence thereof, mostly a locked condition can be
realized in which the lock-up element is standing relatively
upright and extends under an angle with the vertical which is
considerably smaller than 45%, whereby the lock-up element offers a
particularly solid locking. This also allows working with a lock-up
body of which the protruding exterior side is standing relatively
upright, whereby this body during coupling can be pushed aside more
smoothly by another panel. As the lock-up element in the locked
condition is standing very upright, it is also obtained that the
contact points of the lock-up body with the connected floor panels
are located close to the panel edges, which is beneficial for a
good connection.
The present invention relates to embodiments wherein said locking
element is integrated in the male part, as well as to embodiments
wherein said element is integrated in the female part. In the case
of integration in the male part, the locking element preferably is
situated in the distal side of this part, although integration in
another side is not excluded. In the case of integration in the
female part, the locking element preferably is situated at the
proximal side, although integration in another side is not
excluded.
Preferably, the coupling parts of the floor panels of the invention
also are configured such that they can be uncoupled by means of a
pivoting movement, irrespectively according to which of the
aforementioned aspects they are realized. According to a particular
embodiment, the coupling parts further are configured such that
coupling by means of an angling movement is possible, too.
According to another embodiment, the male and the female part of
said floor panels are configured such that said floor panels can be
brought into each other at the sides concerned by shifting them
towards each other, preferably even such that this is possible by
moving them towards each other in a substantially same plane, for
example, by shifting a panel towards another over an underlying
surface. The locking then preferably takes place by means of a
snap-on connection, wherein the hook-shaped part of the female part
bends elastically during joining.
According to still another variant, said floor panels are realized
such at the sides concerned that, apart from locking by means of a
downward movement, also a locking by shifting the floor panels
towards each other, as well as a locking and/or unlocking by
angling the floor panels in mutual respect is possible.
It is noted that the configuration allowing that two floor panels
at the same edges can be joined by means of a downward movement,
thus, according to the "push-lock" principle, as well as by a
mutual shifting in the same plane, thus, according to the principle
of "snap action by means of shifting in the same plane", also more
generally forms a particularity, without this combination
necessarily having to be combined with one of said seven aspects.
Due to this, the invention, according to an eighth aspect, thus
also relates to a floor panel comprising, at least at two opposite
sides, coupling parts with which two of such floor panels can be
coupled to each other; wherein these coupling parts form a
horizontally active locking system and a vertically active locking
system; wherein the horizontally active locking system has a male
part and a female part, which allow that two of such floor panels
can be connected to each other at said sides by providing one of
these floor panels with the pertaining male part, by means of a
downward movement, in the female part of the other floor panel;
wherein the vertically active locking system comprises a locking
element, which is provided in the form of an insert in one of the
sides concerned; wherein this locking element comprises a
lip-shaped lock-up body; and wherein the lock-up body, at one
extremity, forms a stop-forming locking portion, which can
cooperate with a locking portion of a similar coupled floor panel;
characterized in that the male part and the female part are
configured such that two of such floor panels can be joined into
each other at the sides concerned by shifting them with the sides
concerned towards each other in the same plane. Hereby, the
advantage is created that the installation comfort of such floor
panels is considerably increased, as connecting by means of the
downward movement allows for a rapid assembly, whereas the
possibility of coupling together by shifting the floor panels
towards each other offers the advantage that they can also be
coupled to each other at locations where no downward movement is
possible and solely coupling by shifting is possible, such as, for
example, in the case that a floor panel partially must be provided
underneath an overhanging element, such as a door frame, and from
this position still has to be coupled to another floor panel.
It is clear that the invention also relates to floor panels
combining the eighth aspect with one or more of the preceding
aspects.
Floor panels meeting the eighth aspect preferably also show one or
more of the following characteristics: the coupling parts concerned
are performed at the aforementioned sides such, that they allow a
locking and/or unlocking of two of such floor panels in mutual
respect by mutually angling them into each other, out of each
other, respectively; in free condition, the lip-shaped lock-up body
protrudes outward in an inclined manner; the lock-up body is
provided in the proximal side of the female part; the female part
and the male part comprise contact surfaces at their distal
extremities, said surfaces being performed upwardly inclined in
distal direction; the lip-shaped lock-up body is a pivotable
body.
According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the floor panels
of the eighth aspect relate to rectangular, either oblong or
square, panels, and a pair of opposite sides of said coupling parts
is provided according to the eighth effect, whereas the other,
second pair of opposite sides comprises coupling parts, which also
can provide for a vertical and horizontal locking, of which kind
whatsoever, however, which still allow that two of such floor
panels can be joined into each other at the last-mentioned sides by
substantially shifting them with the sides concerned towards each
other in the same plane. This combination of possibilities offers
an even higher comfort of installation in difficult situations.
According to an additional preferred characteristic, the coupling
parts at the second pair of opposite sides also are configured such
that they allow angling the floor panels in and out of each other.
Examples of such coupling parts are widely known from the state of
the art, for example, from FIG. 23 of WO 97/47834.
According to still another particular embodiment, the coupling
parts of the eighth aspect are applied at both pairs of sides.
Further, the invention according to a ninth aspect also relates to
a floor panel comprising, at least at two opposite sides, coupling
parts with which two of such floor panels can be coupled to each
other at the respective edges; wherein these coupling parts form a
horizontally active locking system and a vertically active locking
system; wherein at least one of the locking systems comprises a
locking element, which is provided in the form of a separate insert
at one of the edges concerned; wherein this locking element
comprises at least a movable lock-up body; and wherein the lock-up
body, at one extremity, forms a stop-forming locking portion, which
can cooperate with a locking portion of a similar coupled floor
panel; with the characteristic that the locking element consists of
a synthetic material strip which, viewed in cross-section, is
composed of at least two zones of materials with different material
characteristics. By making use of a separate insert formed of
different materials, the advantage is created that the different
portions of the insert can be optimized in function of their
purpose. So, for example, may the lock-up body be realized
relatively rigid in order to be able to adequately withstand
occurring forces, whereas one or more other portions, which must
provide the movability of the lock-up body, then as such are
realized relatively flexible.
Preferably, the floor panel according to the ninth aspect further
is characterized in that the lock-up body is attached directly or
indirectly to a material part pertaining to the locking element or
is made in one piece therewith, which allows an elastic movement of
the lock-up body, wherein this material part consists of a material
which as such is more flexible and bendable than the material of
which the lock-up body basically is formed.
According to still another preferred characteristic, the
aforementioned material part is performed as a local hinge part,
with the advantage that a very precisely defined pivoting movement
is obtained.
Herein, it is preferred that said material part forms a connection
between the lock-up body and an attachment portion, wherein the
lock-up body and the attachment portion consist of material which
is less flexible than said material part. In this manner, it is
obtained that an adequate locking is created by means of the
relatively rigid lock-up body, whereas by means of the relatively
rigid attachment portion a stable positioning of the locking
element in a recess in the edge of the floor panel concerned is
possible.
In a preferred embodiment of the ninth aspect of the invention, the
attachment portion consists of an attachment body which, viewed in
cross-section, extends in a flat or rather flat direction, which
means substantially in the plane of the floor panel, which
attachment body is provided in a recess. Such attachment portion
allows an adequate attachment, also when the invention is applied
in relatively thin floor panels. Another advantage is that by
somewhat altering the direction with which this attachment portion
is applied in the floor panel, different functioning
characteristics can be obtained and the engineer in this manner can
provide for an optimization.
Also according to the ninth aspect, the floor panel will be
characterized in that the lock-up body can be elastically angled
out with an extremity; that the lock-up body, globally seen, forms
an angle with the attachment portion; that the lock-up body, with
the extremity situated opposite to the extremity which can be
angled out, protrudes up to beyond the attachment portion; that
said material part makes a connection between said extremity
protruding beyond the attachment portion and an adjacent portion of
the actual attachment portion; and that at the location where the
lock-up body passes along the attachment portion, the distance
between the lock-up body and the attachment portion is smaller than
the distance from the protruding extremity of the lock-up body to
the attachment portion. As will become clear from the further
description, this offers various advantages.
In the most preferred embodiment, the locking element of the ninth
aspect of the invention is formed by means of coextrusion.
The ninth aspect is particularly useful with floor panels of the
type which is characterized in that the horizontally active locking
system comprises a male part and a female part, which allow that
two of such floor panels can be connected to each other at said
sides by providing one of these floor panels with the pertaining
male part, by a downward movement, in the female part of the other
floor panel, in other words, floor panels of the so-called
push-lock type. However, it is noted that the ninth aspect is not
restricted to this type of floor panels and in principle can be
applied for each type of coupling for floor panels wherein a
horizontally active locking system and vertically active locking
system are applied, wherein in one or the other way a separate
locking system is integrated. So, for example, it is possible to
integrate the ninth aspect in strip-shaped locking elements of the
type such as known from WO 2006/104436, more particularly FIGS. 9c,
9e and 9f.
It is clear that the characteristics of the ninth aspect also can
be combined with the characteristics from the first eight
aspects.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
With the intention of better showing the characteristics of the
invention, hereafter, as an example without any limitative
character, several preferred embodiments are described, with
reference to the accompanying figures, wherein:
FIG. 1 schematically and in top plan view represents a floor panel
according to the invention;
FIG. 2, at a larger scale, represents a cross-section according to
line II-II in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 in cross-section represents two floor panels, which are made
according to FIG. 2, in coupled condition;
FIGS. 4 and 5 represent the floor panels from FIG. 3 in two
different steps during the joining;
FIG. 6, at a larger scale, represents the locking element applied
in the embodiment of FIGS. 2 to 5;
FIG. 7, at a larger scale, represents the portion indicated by F7
in FIG. 2;
FIG. 8 schematically represents how the locking element of FIG. 7
can be mounted in a floor panel;
FIG. 9 represents the locking element of FIG. 6 in cross-section
and at a strongly enlarged scale;
FIG. 10, at a still larger scale, represents the uppermost
extremity of the locking element of FIG. 9, together with a locking
portion with which it comes into contact;
FIGS. 11 and 12 represent two variants;
FIGS. 13 and 14 represent two practical embodiments;
FIGS. 15 and 16 represent a particular embodiment;
FIG. 17 represents still another embodiment of the invention;
FIGS. 18 and 19, at a larger scale, represent the portions
indicated by F18 and F19 in FIG. 17;
FIG. 20 represents a particular fashion of coupling together two
floor panels made according to FIG. 17;
FIGS. 21 to 24 represent another four embodiments of the
invention;
FIG. 25 represents a number of floor panels which are realized
according to the invention;
FIG. 26, at a larger scale, represents the portion indicated by F26
in FIG. 25;
FIGS. 27 and 28 in cross-section represent another two particular
embodiments of the invention;
FIGS. 29 and 30 represent another two embodiments of the
invention;
FIG. 31 represents a schematic top view of floor panels, which are
coupled to each other according to FIG. 25;
FIG. 32, in cross-section, represents still another embodiment of
the invention;
FIG. 33 in cross-section represents still another embodiment of the
invention;
FIG. 34, at a larger scale, represents the portion indicated by F34
in FIG. 33;
FIGS. 35 to 37 represent the part from FIG. 34 for various
conditions during coupling of two floor panels;
FIG. 38 schematically represents how a locking element, made as an
insert, according to the invention can be attached in the edge of a
floor panel;
FIGS. 39 to 41, at a larger scale, represent cross-sections
according to lines XXXIX-XXXIX, XL-XL and XLI-XLI, respectively, in
FIG. 38;
FIG. 42 in cross-section represents still another embodiment of a
technique according to the invention, according to which a locking
element made as an insert can be attached in the edge of a floor
panel;
FIG. 43 represents a schematized cross-section according to line
XLIII-XLIII in FIG. 42.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
As represented in FIGS. 1 to 5, the invention relates to a floor
panel 1 comprising, at least at two opposite sides 2-3, coupling
parts 4-5, with which two of such floor panels 1 can be coupled to
each other.
As becomes clear from the coupled condition of FIG. 3, these
coupling parts 4-5 comprise a horizontally active locking system 6
and a vertically active locking system 7. The horizontally active
locking system 6 comprises a male part 8 and a female part 9, which
allow to connect two of such floor panels 1 to each other at the
aforementioned sides 2-3 by providing one of these floor panels 1
with the pertaining male part 8, by means of a downward movement M,
in the female part 9 of the other floor panel, which movement M is
illustrated by means of two different positions in the FIGS. 4 and
5.
The male part 8 is formed by a downward-directed extremity of a
hook-shaped part 10, whereas the female part 9 consists of a seat
formed by means of an upward-directed hook-shaped part 11.
The vertically active locking system 7 comprises a locking element
12, which, in the form of an insert, is provided in one of the
sides concerned, in this case, the side 2, more particularly in a
recess 13 provided to this aim. For clarification, the locking
element 12, or in other words, thus, the insert, is illustrated in
separate condition in FIG. 6. As can be seen in this figure, this
locking element 12 preferably is made as a strip. It is clear that
this strip preferably extends over the entire or almost entire
length of the side 2.
Preferably, this strip consists of synthetic material, however, the
use of other materials to this aim is not excluded. Further, it is
preferred that the strip has a continuous cross-section over its
entire length, which renders it simple to manufacture. In the case
of a synthetic material strip, preferably use is made of PVC.
The enlarged view of FIG. 7 shows in greater detail how the strip
is attached in the recess 13, which will be discussed further
on.
In the represented example, the locking element 12 is composed at
least of a pivotable lock-up body 14 and a press-on portion 15. In
the embodiment of FIG. 6, the lock-up body 14 consists of the
entire upright part, whereas the press-on portion 15 is formed by
the portion inclinedly directed away.
The extremity 16 of the lock-up body 14, which can be rotated out,
functions as a stop-forming locking portion 17, which can cooperate
with a locking portion 18 of a similar coupled floor panel 1.
Herein, the locking portion 18 preferably is formed by a portion
defining a stop-forming surface 19, which for this purpose is
present in the side 3 and preferably is mechanically provided in
the core of the floor panel 1. The functioning of the vertically
active locking system can simply be deduced from the figures and
relies on the principle that, as represented in FIGS. 4 and 5, when
moving the floor panel concerned downward, the lock-up body 14 is
elastically folded inward by the contact with the edge of the other
floor panel, after which, as soon as the floor panels have arrived
in the same plane, the lock-up element rotates back outward in
order to position itself beneath the locking portion 18, such that
the coupled condition of FIG. 3 is created.
In accordance with the first aspect of the invention, the pivotable
lock-up body 14, opposite from the extremity 16 forming the locking
portion 17, comprises a support portion 20, which is rotatable
against a support surface 21 pertaining to the floor panel 1
concerned, and more particularly in a seat 22. By the support
portion 20 in the embodiment of FIGS. 2 to 10 thus the lowermost
extremity 23 of the lock-up body 14 is meant.
Further, the lock-up body 14 as such, between the locking portion
17 and the support portion 20, in other words, between its
extremities 16 and 23, is free from hinge portions and bending
sections, such in accordance with the second aspect of the
invention. To this aim, thus, the lock-up body 14 is made
relatively thick and preferably forms a rigid body, which means
that the lock-up body 14 can not undergo noticeable deformations
between its extremities when pressures are exerted hereupon, which
usually may arise with "push-lock" couplings.
In accordance with the third aspect of the invention, the support
portion 20 in the represented embodiment is made as a free
extremity, which is positively supported at least in vertical
direction by a support portion 24, more particularly support
surface 21, pertaining to the floor panel 1.
As can be clearly seen in FIGS. 3 and 7, the support portion 20 of
the lock-up body 14 preferably even is supported in two directions,
at least in a coupled condition of two floor panels 1, namely in
vertical direction V, in this case, thus, downward, as well as in
proximal direction P in respect to the floor panel 1, this latter
by means of the lateral wall 25 of the seat 22.
In the represented example of FIGS. 1 to 10, the floor panel 1 also
comprises a stop-forming part 26, which, in a distal direction D in
respect to the floor panel 1, forms a blockage for the support
portion 20 or, thus, for the extremity 23 of the lock-up body 14.
Thereby, a proper seat 22 can be formed, as a result of which the
support portion 20 is sitting enclosed at three sides. In this
manner, the seat can function as a rather precisely defined hinge
point.
Generally, it can be stated that the locking element 12 preferably
consists of a strip which is attached in a recess, in the
represented example, thus, the recess 13, in the floor panel 1 and
that attachment provisions are present therein, retaining the strip
in the recess. More particularly, it is preferred that the strip is
snap-fitted in the recess and/or is sitting enclosed therein due to
the design, which principle also has been applied in the embodiment
of FIGS. 1 to 10. As indicated in FIG. 7, the opening A of the
recess is smaller than the largest dimension B of the strip, with
the consequence that the latter automatically is retained in the
recess 13.
It is noted that other techniques for attaching or retaining such
strip in the recess are possible, for example, by gluing, clamping
or the like. A number of advantages are described in the
following.
As schematically illustrated in FIG. 8, the strip or, thus, the
locking element 12 simply can be provided at a floor panel 1 by
pressing it into the recess 13, for example, by means of a press-on
portion or sliding block 27. Due to the exerted pressure, the strip
is deformed and fits through opening A, after which it regains its
original shape and becomes enclosed in the recess. More
particularly, hereby the press-on portion 15 is bent in the manner
as represented, in order to finally bounce into place.
The embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 10 also applies the fourth aspect of
the invention, namely in that the lock-up body 14 is rotatable
around a rotation point, support point, respectively, and the
press-on portion 15, at a distance from the rotation point, and
more particularly at a distance D1 from the actual support point,
engages at the lock-up body 14. It is noted that by a "point", also
a "zone" can be intended. Thus, a "support point" also may extend
over a "zone".
As represented, the press-on portion 15 preferably consists at
least, viewed in cross-section, of a leg adjoining to the rear side
of the lock-up body 14, which leg, in free condition, extends
obliquely in respect to the lock-up body 14, such from a location
P1 situated between the two extremities of the lock-up body.
Preferably, this leg also globally extends under an angle A1 of
less than 70 degrees in respect to the portion 28 of the lock-up
body 14, which portion extends from said location P1 towards the
locking portion 17.
The press-on portion 15 preferably consists of an elastic material,
and more particularly a material, which as such is more flexible
than the material of the lock-up body 14. Preferably, this is also
synthetic material, and in the most preferred embodiment, the
press-on portion 15 is made in one piece with the lock-up body 14
by means of coextrusion. In the enlarged views of FIGS. 6 and 9,
the co-extruded materials are represented with different
shading.
Generally, it is noted that a locking element 12 in cross-section
can only be of small dimensions, in view of the fact that it must
be integrated in the edge of floor panels having in practice a
thickness which usually is less than 2 cm and in many cases is even
less than 1 cm. Thus, the space then available for the locking
element 12 often only lies in the order of magnitude of 5
millimeters or less. When with such small dimensions different
flexibilities must be incorporated into the locking element, the
possibilities thus also are limited when one desires to perform
this in a traditional manner by working with different thicknesses.
By now using coextrusion according to the invention, a broader
range of possibilities is created for incorporating different
flexibilities, and thus also a different elasticity, depending on
the intended effect.
The co-extruded materials may consist of the same or similar basic
material and, for example, differ from each other only in that
certain components are added to the one material, or certain
components are present to a larger extent. In a practical
embodiment, the entire strip will consist of PVC, however, the more
flexible portion will be formed of PVC to which a larger quantity
of plasticizer is added.
Also the location of the transition T between the co-extruded
materials is of importance. So, for example, this transition T, in
the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 10, preferably is situated at a
distance X from the lock-up body. Thereby, a more rigid guiding
portion remains present at the basis of the press-on portion 1,
which promotes the snap-on effect represented in FIG. 8.
In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 10, the press-on portion 15, viewed
in cross-section, consists of only one leg.
In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 10, a tensioning system 29 is
integrated in the vertically active locking system, which
tensioning system provides for that a good locking is created when
the lock-up body 14 is angled out. By a tensioning system, here a
system is intended which, when angling out the lock-up body 14,
additionally effects the approach among the locking portions 17 and
18.
As made clear in the larger representations of FIGS. 9 and 10, in
the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 10 to this aim use is made of a cam
surface 30 formed at the extremity 16 of the lock-up body 14, which
cam surface, in coupled condition, provides a wedge effect against
the opposite locking portion 18 of the coupled floor panel 1.
As indicated in FIG. 9, the cam surface 30, which consists at least
of an effective contact zone 31 and possibly an entry zone 32,
preferably extends over a width B1 of at least 60% of the total
width B2 of the lock-up body 14, which allows providing a gradual
transition, which promotes a good wedge effect. Indeed, the entry
zone 32 preferably is somewhat steeper than the contact zone 31 and
is intended to provide for that the lock-up body 14 initially
always will get smoothly beneath the surface 19.
Herein, the cam surface 30 preferably extends such that, as
represented in FIGS. 9 and 10, according to a direction R, from the
most outwardly situated edge 33 to the most inwardly situated edge
34, the cam surface 30 shows an increasing elevation E, such that
the effective length of the lock-up body 14 increases for the
successive points of the cam surface according to the direction R.
Herein, the effective length is the distance between the locations
where the lock-up body comes into contact at the top and at the
bottom.
The cam surface 30 and the surface 19 situated opposite thereof
preferably are performed such that a displacement of the lock-up
body 14 as a consequence of tolerance differences results in a
smaller or no displacement of the contact zone, more particularly
the contact point, between both locking portions 17 and 18.
Preferably, therein the amount of the displacement of the contact
zone or the contact point is less than 50% of the size of the
displacement of the cam surface 30. This is illustrated in the
following by means of FIG. 10. Herein, a first condition with a
contact point in position C1 is represented in solid line. When,
due to settling, the surface 19 comes to lie somewhat higher, a
condition is created such as represented in dashed line, wherein
the contact point is displaced from a position C1 to C2, and such
according to the invention with a displacement V1, which is
noticeably smaller than the displacement V2 of the lock-up body 14.
The advantage herein is that at all times, the displacement V2 is
small, and it can be guaranteed that the contact always takes place
within a certain distance D2 from the upper edges of the floor
panels 1 and a too far outward rotation, which might lead to a weak
connection, is excluded. With tolerance differences, too, the same
effect occurs. A first pair of floor panels may come into contact,
for example, as represented in solid line, whereas another pair,
due to tolerance differences, comes into contact as represented in
dashed line. Due to a cam shape according to the invention, it is
then prevented that in the second case the contact point C2 would
be situated too far from the edges of the floor panels.
It is noted that, as represented in the figures, the locking
portion 17 of the lock-up body 14 preferably is performed in the
form of a broadened extremity of the lock-up body 14, due to which
more space is offered for realizing a desired cam surface 30.
The inclinations of the cam surface 30 and the surface 19
cooperating therewith preferably are realized such that they always
define a tangent line L1-L2 in their contact zone, contact point
C1-C2, respectively, the inclination angles of which with the
horizontal, of which solely one is indicated in FIG. 10 by A2, are
less than 35 degrees.
FIGS. 11 and 12 show that the contact point C can also be displaced
by the selection of the shape of the surface 19 with which the
lock-up body 14 cooperates in coupled condition. It is noted that
in coupled condition the connection line L3 between the contact
point C, or the middle of the contact zone when the contact is
wider than a point, and a point where the lock-up body 14 is
supported, is as vertical as possible, as then, amongst others,
horizontal force components, which might force the lock-up body
back, remain limited. In this respect, it is also preferred that
the distance D3, at which the contact C, the center op the contact
zone, respectively, is situated from the plane where the floor
panels 1 fit against each other, is smaller than 1 mm and still
better is smaller than 0.8 mm.
As represented in FIGS. 2 and 7, the locking element 12 and the
recess 13 are performed such that this locking element 12, in the
free, uncoupled condition of the floor panel 1 concerned, is
sitting at least partially with its locking portion 17 within the
recess 13. This offers, amongst others, the advantage that the
strip, of which this locking element consists, when two floor
panels 1 are joined into each other by means of a downward
movement, in principle never can be pulled out of its seat by
friction forces or for any other cause, due to which the good
functioning might be disturbed.
It is clear that the coupling according to the invention can be
applied in combination with any floor panel 1.
FIG. 13 shows the application of the embodiment represented in
FIGS. 1 to 10 in so-called prefabricated parquet, more particularly
in so-called "engineered wood". In this example, this relates to
floor panels 1 which are constructed from a core 38 composed of
strips 35-36-37, a top layer 39 of wood, as well as a backing layer
40 of wood. The top layer 39 consists of wood of a good quality,
which functions as a visible decorative layer. The backing layer 39
may consist of a cheaper kind of wood. The strips 35 preferably
also consist of a cheaper, for example, soft kind of wood. However,
it is preferred that at the extremities of the floor panels 1
strips 37-38 of a material are applied which is relatively sturdy
and suited for providing the desired profile shapes therein, for
example, milling them therein. In a practical embodiment, these
strips 37-38 consist of MDF (Medium Density Fiberboard) or HDF
(High Density Fiberboard). It is clear that the invention can also
be applied in combination with other forms of "engineered wood",
for example, wherein the core consists of a single continuous
MDF/HDF board or of a plywood board.
FIG. 14 represents an application in a laminate floor panel, in
this case a so-called DPL (Direct Pressure Laminate), which, in a
known manner, consists of a core 41, for example, of MDF or HDF, a
top layer 42 on the basis of one or more resin-impregnated layers,
for example, a printed decor layer 43 and a so-called overlay 44,
as well as a backing layer 45, which also consists of one or more
resin-impregnated layers, wherein the whole is consolidated under
heat and pressure.
Applications in other floor panels 1 are not excluded.
FIGS. 15 and 16 represent a particular embodiment, wherein in the
side of the floor panel 1 situated opposite to the lock-up body 14,
a recess 46 is provided, wherein, as can be seen in FIG. 16, in the
longitudinal direction of the edges a rod 47 or the like can be
introduced between the floor panels 1, in such a manner that the
lock-up body 14 is pushed back and the floor panel concerned can be
lifted and thus can be uncoupled.
FIG. 17 represents a variant of the invention, which differs from
the above-described embodiment in a number of ways. So, for
example, does the pivotable lock-up body 14, next to the extremity
23 along which it is pivotable, comprise a tensioning system 48,
which in this example, as illustrated in the enlarged view of FIG.
18, substantially consists of a cam 49 realized at said extremity
23, which cam, when the lock-up body 14 is being pivoted outward,
also subjects this lock-up body 14 to an axial displacement V3 in
the direction of the locking portion 17. It is clear that the cam
49 to this aim must be realized with a suitable elevation, which
can be determined by those skilled in art in function of the
desired effect. In FIG. 18, the elevation is illustrated by the
distances D4 and D5, wherein D5 is larger than D4. The axial
displacement V3 contributes to that the lock-up body 14, during
coupling, initially can pivot outward in a smooth manner, however,
as soon as it is partially pivoted out, rather quickly is seeking
contact with the other floor panel 1 before it can pivot outward
too far.
In the embodiment of FIG. 17, also no distal stop-forming portion
is present, as a result of which the locking element can be pressed
into the recess 13 more smoothly. As can be seen in FIG. 18, the
lock-up body 14, instead of a purely pivoting movement, then
possibly also may perform a rolling movement, whereby it possibly
distances itself somewhat from the proximal lateral wall 25,
however, due to settling of the whole when the floor is walked
upon, or under the influence of other forces, indeed can take place
against this wall again.
In the embodiment of FIG. 17, the locking element also is provided
with an attachment portion 50 especially provided for this purpose,
which portion in this case is performed as a clamped part. As
clearly represented in FIG. 19, the clamping action herein is
obtained by an elastic bending and/or deformation of the attachment
portion 50.
FIG. 17 also shows that the female part 9 can be performed with a
relatively low hook-shaped part 10 and further may have such a
shape that two of such floor panels 1 can be brought into each
other at the respective edges also by sliding them towards each
other, whether or not assisted by the fact that the hook-shaped
part 11 possibly is elastically bendable. This manner of joining is
illustrated in FIG. 20. Herein, two possibilities can occur. When
the floor panels 1 are held in the same plane and are moved towards
each other in this manner, such as indicated by arrow S1, the
hook-shaped part 11 is forced to bend out elastically downward.
When the floor panels 1 have been slid with their upper edges
against each other, the lock-up body 14 automatically comes into
the locking position, whereas the bent-out hook-shaped part 11 also
bounces back and comes to sit behind the male part 8. When the
floor panel 1 comprising the lock-up body 14 at its edge to be
coupled is freely movable in height, then during joining a movement
according to arrow S2 will take place, wherein the male part 8
arcuately slides over the hook-shaped part 11 in order to finally
drop until a locking is obtained. Of course, also combinations of
both movements may take place.
As schematically indicated in FIG. 17 by arrow S3, the represented
coupling parts also allow that two of such panels can be coupled
and/or uncoupled by an angling movement, such by applying a
suitable height of the hook-shaped part 11 and/or a suitable
inclination of the contact surfaces 51-52.
It is clear that all characteristics described above by means of
FIGS. 17 to 20 optionally can also be integrated into other
embodiments of the invention.
It is noted that the locking element 12 according to the invention
can be taken up into the sides 2-3 to be coupled at various
locations. For example, FIGS. 21 to 23 represent three embodiments,
wherein this element is provided at the female part 9 instead of
the male part 8, whereas FIG. 24 represents an embodiment, wherein
the locking element 12 is provided in the edge region and thus not
in the actual seat where the male part fits into the female
part.
The embodiment of FIG. 22 shows that the press-on portion 15 also
may have a bent or folded-over shape.
FIG. 23 represents that the locking element can also be attached in
the recess 13 by means of glue 53, possibly by means of a portion
especially provided for this purpose, such as an attachment lip 54,
which, for example, is in connection with the press-on portion
15.
It is noted that the locking element 12, or, thus, the strip, as
such can be provided with one or more elastic bending zones, which
either form a connection between the actual press-on portion 15 and
the lock-up body 14, or a connection between several portions of
the press-on portion 15, or still between other portions. Such
bending zones allow obtaining the desired mutual movability among
the composing parts. The embodiment of FIG. 23 is an example
thereof, wherein two flexible bending zones 15A are provided,
between the attachment lip 54 and the press-on part 15 on the one
hand and the press-on part 15 and the lock-up body 14 on the other
hand.
Preferably, such bending zones 15A are formed by coextrusion during
the manufacture of the locking element 12.
In general, it is preferred that a locking element according to the
invention provides for a stable support in vertical direction,
whereas in horizontal direction, thus, in the pivoting direction, a
flexible movability is effected. The application of co-extruded
parts assists therein.
In the case of rectangular floor panels, either oblong or square,
it is clear that coupling parts can also be provided at the second
pair of opposite sides, which coupling parts, in coupled condition,
preferably also offer a horizontal as well as a vertical locking.
These coupling parts at the second pair of sides also can be
performed as a "push-lock" coupling, whether or not in accordance
with the present invention. Preferably, however, at the second pair
of sides coupling means will be applied allowing a mutual coupling
by means of a pivoting movement between two floor panels to be
coupled and/or by means of a shifting movement resulting in a
snap-on connection. Such coupling parts are widely known from the
state of the art and are described, for example, in WO
97/47834.
In the most preferred embodiment, at the second pair of sides 55-56
coupling parts 57-58 will be applied allowing at least a connection
by means of a pivoting movement, as this allows installing the
floor panels, as illustrated in FIGS. 25 and 26, in a simple
manner. A new floor panel 1C to be installed then can be simply
angled at its side 55 into the preceding row of floor panels 1A,
and such just next to a preceding floor panel 1B in the same row.
When being angled down, the male part of the new floor panel 1C to
be installed then automatically engages in the female part of the
preceding floor panel 1B, without the necessity of performing
another operation. In the case of oblong floor panels 1, thus, it
is preferred that the so-called "push-lock" connection then is
situated at the short sides.
FIG. 27 represents an example of the seventh aspect of the
invention. According to this aspect, the locking element 12
consists of a synthetic material strip provided in a recess 13,
which strip, in the coupled condition of two floor panels 1, comes
into contact with both floor panels 1 and thereby forms a seal,
wherein between the upper side 59 of the floor panel 1 and the
synthetic material strip also a seal 60-61 is present at the panel
edges 62-63. The intention herein is that the synthetic material
strip is applied as a seal against the infiltration of water and
thereby offers at least a barrier which at least decelerates and
preferably completely blocks the possible infiltration of water in
between the coupling parts 4-5, whereas the seal 60, 61,
respectively, at the panel edges is intended for protecting the
panel material 64, which mostly is based on wood, as such against
the penetration of water. Possible water which might infiltrate in
between two floor panels 1 then can not or only with difficulty
infiltrate up to beneath the floor panels 1, whereby the risk of
rotting and mould formation beneath the floor panels 1 is
restricted, whereas this water also can not penetrate into the
floor panels 1 themselves and thus a damage at the floor panels 1
themselves, for example, by swelling, is excluded. The moisture
present above the synthetic material strip can evaporate in due
course.
In the represented example, the seal against moisture penetration
is formed at one side 3 by the contact 65 and at the other side 2
by one or more of the contacts 66, 67 or 68. In order to guarantee
a better sealing, the locking element can be provided with one or
more sealing material portions 69, for example, of a relatively
soft synthetic material or rubber, which are present at the
location of the contacts 65-66-67-68 at the locking element 12.
These sealing material portions can be provided at the synthetic
material strip in any manner. In a practical embodiment, this will
be performed by means of coextrusion.
The seals 60-61 at the panel edges 62-63 may have any form. As
represented, they are formed, for example, by an impregnation layer
or a covering layer, such as a lacquer or varnish layer. They
extend from at the top layer downward, each time at least up to one
of the locations where said contacts are realized. According to a
not represented variant, such seal also may consist in that the top
layer extends up to a location where one of the contacts is
realized, for example, by applying a top layer which extends over
the upper edges downward.
According to the seventh aspect, it is intended that the top layer
also is waterproof Moreover, it then may consist of any material,
such as a laminate, a film, a lacquer layer, a water-repellent or
waterproof print, a varnish or the like.
It is clear that in this manner both the infiltration of water as
well as the penetration of water into the panel edges is
avoided.
It is noted that floor panels which are installed in rows, and then
in particular oblong floor panels, show the feature that the floor
panels will align in the longitudinal direction of the rows and
mostly will adjoin well with their sides against each other,
whereas at the sides directed perpendicularly to the rows then
openings will occur more easily, due to the fact that such floor
panels, as a result of production tolerances, often do not have
perfectly perpendicularly aligned sides. At the location of such
openings, a fast infiltration is possible, and a sealing by means
of somewhat elastic coatings on the upper edges of the floor panels
mostly is not effective, as the openings are too large to be
bridged thereby. Thus, in particular at the location of these sides
a sealing principle according to the seventh aspect of the
invention will show its benefits. In view of the fact that the
sides 55-56 of the floor panels, which are intended to extend in
the longitudinal direction of the rows, due to the automatic
alignment, adjoin to each other rather well, the problem of
infiltration at these sides is little or not at all present and, if
one wishes to provide a sealing at all four sides, it may suffice
that at these sides exclusively a coating or impregnation is
provided on the panel edges, as indicated by reference numbers
71-72 in FIG. 26.
When, as in FIG. 27, use is made of a press-on portion 15 which is
clamped, and which is formed by co-extrusion, then it is preferred
that the transition T is situated closer to the lock-up body 15
than in the embodiment of FIG. 6. With suitable dimensions in free
condition, it may then be obtained that in the mounted condition a
force is generated holding the locking element 12 in permanent
contact with the support surface 21.
FIG. 28 represents a variant, which makes clear that the inventive
idea of the use of a co-extruded locking element 12 in a so-called
"push-lock" system is not restricted to embodiments with a
pivotable lock-up body. According to FIG. 28, the lock-up body 14
is displaceable and consists of a relatively hard synthetic
material, whereas the press-on portion 15 consists of flexible and
elastic synthetic material. Herein, the co-extruded press-on
portion 15 functions as an elastic mass situated behind the lock-up
body 14 in a spring-like fashion.
FIG. 29 represents another variant, which is comparable to that of
FIG. 17. Herein, the difference consists in that the hook-shaped
part 11 of FIG. 29 is realized considerably higher than in the
embodiment of FIG. 17, such that the contact surfaces 51-52 at
least partially are situated higher than the support surface 21 of
the lock-up body.
FIG. 30 represents a preferred variant of an embodiment according
to the invention, wherein the locking element 12 is provided in the
proximal side of the female part. In respect to the embodiment of
FIG. 29, this offers an important advantage. In FIG. 29, the edge
73 is made relatively sharp and straight in order to obtain that
the lock-up body 14 in free condition still is seated beneath the
edge 73. When, during lowering of a floor panel 1 in a manner as
depicted in FIG. 25, the sides 2-3 to be coupled to each other do
not perfectly correspond, for example, because the floor panels
1B-1C, seen in top view, are overlapping somewhat, for example, as
a result of the warping of floor panels in the preceding row, or as
a result of un-squareness of the panels, a condition is created as
depicted in FIG. 31, wherein then the edge 73 scrapes along the
upper edge 74. In the embodiment of FIG. 30, this can easily be
counteracted in that the edge 73 can be performed with an adequate
chamfer, as a consequence of which a possible contact between edge
73 and upper edge 74 rather results in a sliding movement along
each other than in a scraping effect.
Also, in an embodiment according to FIG. 29, the locking element
12, when the right-hand floor panel is moved downward, comes into
contact with the sharp upper edge 74 of the left-hand floor panel,
whereby also a scraping effect may be created, which can impede the
installation. In contrast, the embodiment of FIG. 30 does not show
this disadvantage, in view of the fact that the rounded underside
of the male part then will slide smoothly along the locking
element.
FIG. 30 also relates to an embodiment meeting the eighth aspect of
the invention mentioned in the introduction, more specifically in
that the edges of the floor panels 1 can be joined into each other
by a shifting movement S1.
Moreover, the embodiment of FIG. 30 shows the following
characteristics: the coupling parts 4-5 concerned are realized such
at the aforementioned sides, that they allow a locking and/or
unlocking of two of such floor panels in mutual respect by mutually
angling them into each other, out of each other, respectively; in
free condition, the lip-shaped lock-up body 14 protrudes outward in
an inclined manner; the lock-up body 14 is provided in the proximal
side of the female part 9; the female part 9 and the male part 8
comprise contact surfaces 52-51 at their distal extremities, said
surfaces being performed upwardly inclined in distal direction; the
lip-shaped lock-up body 14 is a pivotable body.
In FIG. 30, it is also represented that the lock-up body 14, and
still better the entire locking element 12 realized as an insert,
is made relatively local, by which in particular is meant that it
is only present between a first and a second horizontal level, the
first horizontal level N1 of which is situated at a distance
beneath the upper side of the coupled floor panels, whereas the
second horizontal level N2 is situated lower than the first,
however, higher than the lowermost point of the male part. Further,
FIG. 3 also shows that said lock-up body 14 extends over a height H
which is at least 40% and still better at least 50% of the height
difference between the upper side of such coupled floor panels and
the lowermost point of the male part, i.e., D7. It is clear that
these characteristics are not limited to the embodiment of FIG.
30.
In the case of a pivotable embodiment, wherein one floor panel can
be angled into the other or out of it, it is preferred that, as
indicated in FIG. 30, the horizontal distance D6, as measured from
the upper edges of the floor panels up to the cooperating point of
the contact surfaces 51-52, which is situated farthest away from
these upper edges, is at least 1.3 times the distance D7 between
the upper side of the floor panels and the underside of the male
part, which allows a smooth angling movement.
In order to allow a smooth angling in and out and/or shifting
together, the highest point 75 preferably is situated at a level
N3, which is lower than the lowermost point of the lock-up body
14.
FIG. 30 represents a particular construction of a press-on portion
15, wherein it is clear that this construction also can be applied
in other embodiments of floor panels according to the invention.
This press-on portion, more particularly the construction thereof,
shows the following characteristics: that the press-on portion 15,
viewed in cross-section, is realized as a pivot arm, which is
supported or held next to one extremity and adjoins at the other
extremity, by means of a hinge and/or bending zone 76, to the rear
side of the lock-up body 14; that said pivot arm has a hinge and/or
bending zone 76-77, respectively, at both extremities, in this case
formed by thinner parts in the material; moreover, the zone 77
preferably is situated such in respect to an underlying support
surface that an upward-directed pivoting movement is possible in a
smoother manner than a downward-directed one; that the press-on
portion 15 is realized as a mechanism which, when the lock-up body
is compressed, will provide for that this lock-up body becomes
positioned with one extremity against a support surface 21; more
particularly, a compression K1 results in a pivoting movement K2,
as a result of which the lock-up element 14 is pressed upwards
according to arrow K3 against the support surface 21; that the
above-mentioned mechanism consists of a pivot arm connecting, one
the one hand, to the rear side of the lock-up body and, on the
other hand, is supported by means of a support portion, such as a
support collar 78.
Finally, it is noted that the floor panels according to the
invention in general can be realized such that in coupled condition
a so-called "pre-tension" is created, which means that the floor
panels at their coupled sides are pressed towards each other by
means of a tension force. Herein, the tension force can be supplied
in any manner. For example, it may be generated by the elastic
bending of the lip bordering the underside of the female part.
Herein, the principle can be applied which is known from WO
97/47834, more particularly from FIG. 23 of said WO 97/47834.
It is also clear that floor panels of the present invention can
also be equipped with an anti-creak system, more particularly by
application of the principle described in WO 2006/032398.
FIG. 32 shows another embodiment meeting the various aspects and in
particular the ninth aspect of the invention. Herein, the lock-up
body 14 and the attachment portion 50 consist of a relatively rigid
material and are connected to each other by coextrusion by means of
a material part 79 made as a hinge part, which material part
consists of a more flexible and elastic material.
The lock-up body 14 globally forms an angle with the attachment
portion 50 and reaches with the extremity functioning as a support
portion 20 up to beyond the actual attachment portion 50, in such a
manner that at the location 80, where the lock-up body 14 passes
along the attachment portion 50, the distance between the lock-up
body 14 and the attachment portion 50 is smaller than the distance
from the--in this case upwardly protruding--extremity of the
lock-up body 14 to the attachment portion 50.
The material part 79 is situated between the actual attachment
portion 50 and said protruding beyond it extremity of the lock-up
body 14. This design has the advantage that the lock-up body 14,
due to the small material quantity at the location 80, can hardly
be displaced in respect to the attachment portion 50, with the
exception of an angling movement, whereas in upward direction
sufficient flexible material of the material part 79 is present in
order to hold the lock-up body 14 in a certain position and to
allow the desired elastic movement thereof. Still another advantage
is that, when the lock-up body 14 is angled in, the material on the
location 80 is compressed and the lock-up body 14 also is pushed
upward, as a consequence of which it remains in contact with the
support surface 21.
In mounted condition, the locking element 12 preferably is
supported at least on three locations, on the one hand, at the
bottom at the height of the support collar 78, at the top by the
upper side 81 of the material part 79, as well as at the height of
the represented ribs 82.
FIG. 32 also shows that the attachment portion 60 is provided
substantially flat in the recess 13, in other words, that the
direction 83 in which this attachment direction 50 extends,
deviates little or not at all from the plane of the floor panels.
By altering this direction 83, which a manufacturer of floor panels
can do in a simple manner by positioning the recess 13 somewhat
differently, different functioning characteristics in respect to
angling the lock-up body in and out can be obtained, such that an
optimization is possible.
FIGS. 33 to 37 represent another variant of the invention. A number
of differences in respect to the embodiment of FIG. 32 will be
discussed in the following.
A first difference consists in that the locking element 12 in
vertical direction is supported in the recess 13 by means of only
three support portions, or at least substantially by only three
support portions, one support portion of which is formed by the
aforementioned support portion 20 of the lock-up body 14. The other
two support portions, 84 and 85, respectively, preferably are
situated at the upper side and underside of the actual attachment
portion 50. More particularly, it is preferred that the support
portion 84 situated at the top is located in respect to the floor
panel more proximally than the support portion 85 situated at the
bottom. Still more particularly, it is preferred that the support
portion 84 of the upper side is located at the--situated proximally
in respect to the floor panel 1--extremity of the actual attachment
portion 50, whereas the support portion 85 is located at the
distally situated extremity. A considerable difference from the
embodiment of FIG. 32 thus is that the material part 79, at least
in the free condition, does not form a support point. It is clear
that one and the same support portion as such may comprise several
contact points, for example, if it should have a ribbed
surface.
In this embodiment, the locking element 12 is configured such that
in the mounted, however, not impressed condition, namely the one
from FIG. 33, a certain clamping thereof in the recess 13 is
created. This is obtained, for example, by the elastic deformation
of the actual body of the attachment portion 50 from the position
represented in dashed line in FIG. 33 to the position represented
in solid line, which deformation is achieved during clamping of the
locking element 12 in the recess 13.
A second difference consists in that the actual attachment portion
50 is configured and attached in the recess 13 such, that during
joining of two floor panels 1 a certain movability of the actual
attachment portion 50 is possible. In the represented example, the
support portion 85 to this aim is provided with a guiding surface
86, which can cooperate with an inclined guiding surface 87 at the
floor panel, whereby a small displacement 88 of the attachment
portion 50 is possible, such as will be described in the following
by means of FIGS. 34 to 37.
FIGS. 34 to 37 represent successive conditions of the locking
element 12 during joining of two floor panels 1. FIG. 34 shows the
rest position. Due to the tension force in this entity, the support
portion 85 has the tendency to slide downward along the guiding
surface 8 until it reaches the represented position. FIGS. 35 and
36 represent successive conditions, wherein the right-hand panel is
angled down and the lock-up body 14 is pushed aside. Due to the
fact that on the location 80 very little material of the material
portion 79 is present between the lock-up body 14 and the actual
attachment portion 50, this latter, starting from a certain moment,
is also forced somewhat inward, wherein it moves with its guiding
surface 86 along the guiding surface 87, until it reaches a
condition, as depicted in FIG. 36. Herein, the attachment portion
50, so to speak, makes room for the movement of the lock-up body 14
and thereby performs a more or less rotating displacement 88, such,
for example, until it comes with its extremity 89 into contact with
the deepest point of the recess 13. Hereby is obtained, amongst
others, that the support portion 20 rotates practically exclusively
at its place along its highest point and performs little or no
rolling movement along the floor panel. Further, the whole may be
designed such that the actual attachment portion 50, after the
locking of the floor panels, also more or less arrives back at its
initial location, as depicted in FIG. 37. The downward-protruding
support portion 85 thus indeed provides for a blocking function,
which determines the normal position of the locking element 12 in
the recess, however, with a certain load in fact will allow an
extra movement 88.
As represented in FIG. 36, the locking element 12 according to the
invention may also be configured such that in the most impressed
condition, a free space 90 is created between the support portion
20 and the wall of the recess 13. The proper configuration for this
purpose can be determined by tests. An advantage thereof is that
during the initial backward movement of the lock-up body 14, there
is no friction present between the support portion 20 and the wall
of the recess 13, which might prevent the smooth pivoting outward
of the lock-up body 14.
As is represented in FIG. 34 by dashed line 91, according to a
variant a deformation may be provided in the wall of the recess 13,
which deformation cooperates with a deformation in the attachment
portion 50, as a result of which the locking element 12, so to
speak, can be fixedly attached in the recess 13 by means of a
snap-on connection.
It is clear that the essential characteristics of the embodiments
of the FIGS. 32 and 33-37 consist in that the locking element 12,
viewed in cross-section, consists at least of an actual attachment
portion 50, a lock-up body 14, which can perform at least an
angling movement, and a material part 79, which is present between
the attachment portion 50 and the lock-up body 14, which material
part consists of a material which is more flexible and elastic than
the material of the lock-up body 14 and which thereby functions at
least as a hinge part. From the above, it is clear that all other
characteristics described by means of FIGS. 33 to 37 are
facultative and that all these facultative characteristics can be
mutually combined at random. Herein, the most important preferred
characteristic consists in that the attachment portion 50, the
material part 79 and the lock-up body 40 by means of coextrusion
are realized as a one-piece strip. Herein, it is preferred that the
actual attachment portion 50 and the lock-up body 14 are
manufactured of one and the same material, whereas the material
part 79 consists of a more flexible material. In principle, the
same basic substances can be applied for both materials, however,
they may differ from each other by the addition of additives, such
as plasticizers. The material of the material part 79 preferably
behaves like a relatively soft rubber, whereas the material of the
actual attachment portion 50 and of the lock-up body 40 preferably
behaves like a classic synthetic material, such as common PVC, and
thus, in view of the small dimensions in cross-sections, also
behaves in a relatively rigid manner.
It is clear that the embodiment according to FIGS. 33 to 37 also
allows that two of such floor panels can be brought into each other
at the represented edges not only by means of a downward movement,
but also by means of an angling movement or by shifting towards
each other. Unlocking may take place, for example, by angling the
floor panels out of each other. Also, it is not excluded to provide
a recess in this embodiment, analogous to the recess 46 in FIGS. 15
and 16, such that unlocking by means of a rod 47 is possible.
In general, it is noted that by the characteristic that "the
support portion, for example, 20, is rotatable against a support
surface, for example, 21", it is intended that there is a contact
at least during part of the rotation and that it thus is not
excluded that there is no contact for a part of the rotation, as
becomes clear from the example of FIG. 36, wherein in a certain
position indeed a free space 90 is present. The contact will
normally be present indeed from a certain angling-out of the
lock-up body.
The fact that such support portion 20 is rotatable against a
support surface 21, must be interpreted in the broadest sense. The
rotation can provide for a local rotation of the support portion
20, as well as a rolling movement along the support surface, as
well as a combination of both. Also, it is not excluded that the
turning movement is combined with shifting. A local rotation, or
"pivoting against a support or rotation point", may concern a
turning around a point or zone which is, are, respectively,
situated in the support surface 21, as well as a rotation point or
rotation zone at a distance from the support surface.
In the production of floor panels according to the invention, the
recess 13 can be realized in any manner. According to a preferred
characteristic, this takes place by means of a milling treatment,
which is performed when realizing said female coupling part.
The application of the strip-shaped locking element 12 in the
recess 13 may also be performed in any manner. In the following,
two non-restrictive embodiments of methods for this purpose are
described, which can be applied within the scope of the present
invention.
According to a first technique, the strip-shaped locking element 12
systematically is fixedly pressed on in the recess 13, preferably
is rolled into it. Preferably, this takes place, as represented in
FIG. 38, by displacing the floor panels 1, which mostly are lying
upside down, by means of a conveyor 92, supplying thereto a strip
93 from which the strip-shaped locking elements 12 have to be cut
off, and fixedly pressing on this strip 93, the locking elements 12
cut off therefrom, respectively, in the recesses 13 of the
successive floor panels 1 by means of a locally installed rotating
press-on roll 94. FIGS. 39 to 41 show, how the strip is pressed on
in the recess 13 by means of the press-on roll 94, which to this
aim can be provided with a profiled surface 95.
It is clear that the strip 93 can be supplied from a stock, for
example, a wound stock. Further, a cutting device 96 is present for
separating the locking elements 12 at a suitable length from the
strip 93, which device is illustrated schematically only. It is
clear that in practice the necessary guiding elements will be
present in order to have the strip 93 and the locking element 12
follow the correct course, of which the guiding element 97 in FIGS.
40 and 41 is an example.
FIG. 42 shows a variant, wherein according to the invention a
method is applied wherein a cut to length strip-shaped locking
element 12 over its entire length simultaneously is pressed into
the recess 13. As represented in FIG. 42, this preferably is
performed by means of a device with a slider or plunger 98, with
which the locking element 12 laterally is pushed over its entire
length at one go into the recess 13. As represented, the device
preferably comprises a holder 99, in which a space 100 is defined,
in which a locking element 12 to be applied can be taken up and
wherein the plunger 98 can be shifted. Then, the holder 99,
together with the plunger 98 present therein and the locking
element 12 present therein, is positioned opposite to the edge of a
floor panel concerned, as illustrated in FIG. 42, after which, by
displacing the plunger 98 to and fro to the right, the locking
element 12 is brought from the position represented in solid line
to this position represented in dashed line, after which it remains
in the recess 13.
FIG. 43 schematically shows how the device from FIG. 42 can be
applied in practice. In this example, the floor panels 1 are
displaced along a conveyor 92. The holder 99, too, can perform
various displacements, as will become clear from the function
sequence described in the following.
Initially, the holder 99 is situated in a position 101. First, a
strip 93 is supplied to the holder, which strip is provided in the
space 100. As represented, this may be realized, for example, by
displacing the holder 99 along a press-on roll 103 with which the
strip 93, which is supplied from a not represented stock, is
directed into the space 100 of the holder 99, as illustrated for
the position 102 of the holder 99. The length necessary for forming
the locking element 12 is then cut off by means of the
schematically represented cutting device 104. In the meantime, a
floor panel has arrived in a position 105. Subsequently, the holder
99 can follow the movement of a passing floor panel 1, as a result
of which they come into positions 106 and 107, respectively. During
this movement, the holder 99 and the floor panel concerned can be
presented to each other, for example, by laterally displacing the
holder 99 until it reaches position 108. Hereby then the condition
of FIG. 42 is obtained, after which it suffices to activate the
plunger 98 in order to bring the locking element 12 into the recess
13. As described above, all this can take place during the
continuous conveyance of the floor panels, for example, after they
exit the milling device and before they are packaged. The holder
99, or possibly several applied holders 99, then can be displaced
to and fro through all abovementioned positions. Also, multiple
holders on a conveyor belt might be used, wherein a holder then is
brought from position 108 back to position 101, while already one
or more other holders pass through the same trajectory. According
to a variant, panels also may be supplied stepwise instead of
continuously to an insertion device for locking elements 12.
It is clear that by a lock-up body 14 which can be pivoted or bent
out, it is intended that it can be pivoted or can be bent out in
the plane of a cross-section.
Generally, it is noted that the support portion of the lock-up
body, around which it is rotatable, is a support portion which is
intended to take up the forces when the floor panels attempt to get
away from each other in upward direction. From US2007/0006543,
which corresponds to WO2007/008139, also a rotatable locking
element is known, which, however, contrary to the invention, does
not rotate around a support point which, as above, is intended to
provide for a lock-up support function which counteracts the
unlocking of the floor panels.
By a "rigid" lock-up body, it is meant that this rigidity exists at
least in a plane according to the cross-section.
The present invention is in no way limited to the embodiments
described by way of example and represented in the figures, on the
contrary may such floor panels be realized in various forms and
dimensions, without leaving the scope of the invention.
From the above, it is clear that the invention, and in particular
the locking element according to the invention, can be employed in
various floor panels, amongst others, in laminate floor panels,
prefabricated floor panels, such as so-called "engineered wood",
solid parquet, veneer parquet, as well as floor panels which are
provided with any top layer, for example, vinyl, linoleum, stone,
metal and the like.
It is noted that the core of such floor panel not necessary has to
consist of wood or a product on the basis of wood and in principle
may consist of any material, thus, for example, also synthetic
material.
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