U.S. patent number 8,718,568 [Application Number 12/976,164] was granted by the patent office on 2014-05-06 for performing measurements in wireless communications using multiple carriers.
This patent grant is currently assigned to InterDigital Patent Holdings, Inc.. The grantee listed for this patent is Kai Liu, Paul Marinier, Robert L. Olesen, Ghyslain Pelletier, Peter S. Wang. Invention is credited to Kai Liu, Paul Marinier, Robert L. Olesen, Ghyslain Pelletier, Peter S. Wang.
United States Patent |
8,718,568 |
Marinier , et al. |
May 6, 2014 |
Performing measurements in wireless communications using multiple
carriers
Abstract
Methods and systems to configure and/or reconfigure measurement
configuration in wireless communications with one or more cells are
disclosed. Measurement configuration reporting may be reconfigured
based on events associated with the one or more serving cells
and/or one or more serving component carriers, among others.
Measurement configuration and measurement configuration reporting
may also be reconfigured based on events associated with one or
more serving component carriers.
Inventors: |
Marinier; Paul (Brossard,
CA), Pelletier; Ghyslain (Laval, CA), Liu;
Kai (Melville, NY), Olesen; Robert L. (Huntington,
NY), Wang; Peter S. (E. Setauket, NY) |
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Marinier; Paul
Pelletier; Ghyslain
Liu; Kai
Olesen; Robert L.
Wang; Peter S. |
Brossard
Laval
Melville
Huntington
E. Setauket |
N/A
N/A
NY
NY
NY |
CA
CA
US
US
US |
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Assignee: |
InterDigital Patent Holdings,
Inc. (Wilmington, DE)
|
Family
ID: |
43795092 |
Appl.
No.: |
12/976,164 |
Filed: |
December 22, 2010 |
Prior Publication Data
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Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
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US 20120003943 A1 |
Jan 5, 2012 |
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Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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61289887 |
Dec 23, 2009 |
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61329629 |
Apr 30, 2010 |
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61388876 |
Oct 1, 2010 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
455/67.11;
455/67.13; 370/331; 455/226.1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H04W
24/10 (20130101); H04W 36/0085 (20180801); H04W
76/27 (20180201) |
Current International
Class: |
H04B
17/00 (20060101) |
Field of
Search: |
;455/67.11,67.13,226.1,226.2,434,436,438,439,114.2
;370/331,252 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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2009-147910 |
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Jul 2009 |
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JP |
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WO 2009/120125 |
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Oct 2009 |
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WO |
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WO 2009/132246 |
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Oct 2009 |
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WO |
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WO 2009/137180 |
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Nov 2009 |
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WO |
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Other References
3sup.rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) R2-101996, "Event
Handling at PCC Change", Ericsson, 3GPP TSG-RAN WG2 #69bis,
Beijing, China, Apr. 12-16, 2010, 2 pages. cited by applicant .
3.sup.rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) TR 36.912, V9.1.0
"3.sup.rd Generation Partnership Project: Technical Specification
Group Radio Access Network; Feasibility Study for Further
Advancements for E-UTRA (LTE-Advanced), (Release 9)", Dec. 2009, 57
pages. cited by applicant .
3.sup.rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) TS 36.331, V8.7.0,
"3.sup.rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification
Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio
Access (E-UTRA); Radio Resource Control (RRC); Protocol
Specification (Release 8)", specification, Sep. 9, 2009, 208 pages.
cited by applicant .
3.sup.rd Generation Partnership Project (GPP), R2-101998, "Carrier
Aggregation and the s-Measure Criterion", Ericsson, 3GPP TSG-RAN
WG2 #69bis, Beijing, China, Apr. 12-16, 2010, 4 pages. cited by
applicant .
Aono et al., "Wireless Secret Key Generation Exploiting
Reactance-Domain Scalar Response of Multipath Fading Channels",
IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Nov. 2005, 53(11),
3776-3784. cited by applicant .
3.sup.rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), R2-096495,
"Measurement Consideration in CA", Huawei, 3GPP TSG-RAN WG2,
Meeting #68, Jeju, Korea, Nov. 9-13, 2009, 4 pages. cited by
applicant .
3.sup.rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), R2-096832,
"Connected Mode Measurement for Carrier Aggregation",
Alcatel-Lucent, 3GPP TSR-RAN WG2, Meeting #68, Jeju, Korea, Nov.
9-13, 2009, 3 pages. cited by applicant .
European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI), TS 136 331,
V8.6.0., "LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA);
Radio Resource Control (RRC); Protocol Specification (3GPP TS
36.331 Version 8.6.0. Release 8)", Jul. 2009, 211 pages. cited by
applicant .
LGE, Discussion on measurement reporting, 3GPP TSG-RAN WG2 #62bis,
R2-083329, Jun. 30-Jul. 4, 2008, Warsaw, Poland, p. 1-5. cited by
applicant .
Huawei, Discussion on active sets and measurements in DC-HSUPA,
3GPP TSG RAN WG2 Meeting #66, R2-093157, May 4-8, 2009, San
Francisco, U.S.A., p. 1-4. cited by applicant.
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Primary Examiner: Dao; Minh D
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Condo Roccia Koptiw LLP
Parent Case Text
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application
No. 61/289,887, filed Dec. 23, 2009, titled "METHOD AND APPARATUS
FOR MEASUREMENTS IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS USING MULTIPLE
CARRIERS", U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/329,629, filed Apr.
30, 2010, titled "METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING MEASUREMENTS
IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS USING MULTIPLE CARRIERS", and U.S.
Provisional Application No. 61/388,876, filed Oct. 1, 2010, titled
"PERFORMING MEASUREMENTS IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS USING MULTIPLE
CARRIERS", the contents of all three applications being hereby
incorporated by reference in their respective entirety, for all
purposes.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU), comprising: a
processor, the processor configured, at least, to: receive a
resource radio control (RRC) connection message indicating at least
one of an RRC connection reestablishment or an RRC connection
reconfiguration; and reconfigure a measurement configuration, the
reconfiguration including removing at least one parameter from the
measurement configuration during the at least one of the RRC
connection reestablishment or the RRC connection reconfiguration,
the at least one parameter being a measId parameter, the measId
parameter associated with a second parameter corresponding to a
non-configured serving cell.
2. The WTRU of claim 1, wherein the second parameter is a
measObject parameter.
3. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU), comprising: a
processor, the processor configured, at least, to: configure a
measurement report based on at least one condition, the measurement
report including measurement results regarding one or more
frequencies on which the WTRU is configurable to operate, other
than a first frequency, the first frequency being associated with
the at least one condition, the at least one condition including a
signal quality of a first cell at the first frequency becoming less
than a first threshold; and transmit the measurement report.
4. The WTRU of claim 3, wherein the at least one condition further
includes a signal quality of a second cell at the one or more
frequencies on which the WTRU is configurable to operate, other
than the first frequency, being greater than a second
threshold.
5. The WTRU of claim 3, wherein the at least one condition further
a quality measurement being greater than a second threshold, the
quality measurement associated with a second cell at the one or
more frequencies on which the WTRU is configurable to operate other
than the first frequency.
6. The WTRU of claim 3, wherein the at least one condition further
includes a quality measurement being greater then a second
threshold, the quality measurement associated with a second cell at
the one or more frequencies on which the WTRU is configurable to
operate other than the first frequency.
7. The WTRU of claim 3, wherein the at least one condition further
includes a quality measurement being greater then a second
threshold, the quality measurement associated with a second cell at
the one or more frequencies on which the WTRU is configurable to
operate other than the first frequency.
8. The WTRU of claim 3, wherein the at least one condition further
includes a quality measurement being greater than a second
threshold, the quality measurement associated with a second cell at
the one or more frequencies on which the WTRU is configurable to
operate other than the first frequency.
Description
BACKGROUND
Wireless transmit/receive units (WTRUs) may perform
intra/inter-frequency and inter-radio access technology (inter-RAT)
measurements for mobility purposes. Intra-frequency measurements
may be performed by the WTRU on the same carrier frequency as its
current serving cell. The WTRU may carry out such measurements
without measurement gaps. Inter-frequency neighbor or cell
measurements may be performed by the WTRU on a carrier frequency
different from the current serving cell. The WTRU may not to be
able to carry out such measurements without measurement gaps.
Measurement gaps may be periods during which the WTRU may not make
or receive any transmissions on the frequency of the serving cell.
Inter-RAT measurements may be performed by the WTRU on a carrier
frequency used by another RAT, perhaps other than the one that may
be used by the WTRU in the current serving cell.
SUMMARY
This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a
simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed
Description. This Summary is not intended to identify key features
or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it
intended to be used to limit the scope of the claimed subject
matter. Furthermore, the claimed subject matter is not limited to
limitations that solve any or all disadvantages noted in any part
of this disclosure.
Methods, systems, and apparatus may be used to reduce signaling
overhead due to measurement configuration in wireless
communications with multiple carriers. The method may be based on
transmission of one or more reports of measurements triggered by
various events.
Embodiments contemplate that a wireless transmit/receive unit
(WTRU) may comprise a processor. The processor may be configured,
at least in part, to determine a resource radio control (RRC)
connection state and reconfigure a measurement configuration. The
reconfiguration of the measurement configuration may include
removing at least one parameter from the measurement configuration.
The RRC connection state may be determined to be at least one of an
RRC connection reestablishment or an RRC connection
reconfiguration. Embodiments contemplate that the processor may be
further configured to remove the parameter from the measurement
configuration during at least one of the RRC connection
reestablishment or the RRC connection reconfiguration. Also the
processor may be further configured to remove the at least one
parameter from the measurement configuration based on at least one
condition.
Embodiments contemplate a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may
comprise a processor. The processor may be configured, at least in
part, to configure a measurement report based on at least one
condition and the measurement report may include measurement
results regarding one or more frequencies on which the WTRU may be
configurable to operate. The processor may also be configured to
transmit the measurement report. The measurement report may include
measurement results regarding one or more frequencies on which the
WTRU may be configurable to operate other than a first frequency.
The first frequency may be associated with at least one condition.
Embodiments contemplate that the at least one condition may include
a signal quality of a carrier associated with the first frequency
that may become less than a first threshold, and a signal quality
of a carrier associated with the one or more frequencies on which
the WTRU may be configurable to operate other than the first
frequency being greater than a second threshold.
Embodiments contemplate a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU)
that may comprise a processor. The processor may be configured, at
least in part, to determine at least one condition that may be
associated with one or more carriers. The WTRU may be configurable
to operate on at least one of the one or more carriers. Also, the
processor may be configured to transmit a measurement report based
on the at least one condition. Embodiments contemplate that the at
least one condition may include a quality measurement that may be
associated with at least one of the one or more carriers becoming
less than a threshold. The quality measurement may be at least one
of a signal strength or a signal quality and the WTRU may be
configurable to operate on the at least one of the one or more
carriers on one or more frequencies.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
A more detailed understanding may be had from the following
description, given by way of example in conjunction with the
accompanying drawings wherein:
FIG. 1A is a system diagram of an example communications system in
which one or more disclosed embodiments may be implemented;
FIG. 1B is a system diagram of an example wireless transmit/receive
unit (WTRU) that may be used within the communications system
illustrated in FIG. 1A;
FIG. 1C is a system diagram of an example radio access network and
an example core network that may be used within the communications
system illustrated in FIG. 1A;
FIG. 2 is a diagram displaying signal quality;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an exemplary on-demand measurement
report;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an exemplary measurement
embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an exemplary measurement
embodiment;
FIG. 5A is a block diagram of an exemplary measurement embodiment;
and
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an exemplary measurement
embodiment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS
FIG. 1A is a diagram of an example communications system 100 in
which one or more disclosed embodiments may be implemented. The
communications system 100 may be a multiple access system that
provides content, such as voice, data, video, messaging, broadcast,
etc., to multiple wireless users. The communications system 100 may
enable multiple wireless users to access such content through the
sharing of system resources, including wireless bandwidth. For
example, the communications systems 100 may employ one or more
channel access methods, such as code division multiple access
(CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division
multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), single-carrier
FDMA (SC-FDMA), and the like.
As shown in FIG. 1A, the communications system 100 may include
wireless transmit/receive units (WTRUs) 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d, a
radio access network (RAN) 104, a core network 106, a public
switched telephone network (PSTN) 108, the Internet 110, and other
networks 112, though it will be appreciated that the disclosed
embodiments contemplate any number of WTRUs, base stations,
networks, and/or network elements. Each of the WTRUs 102a, 102b,
102c, 102d may be any type of device configured to operate and/or
communicate in a wireless environment. By way of example, the WTRUs
102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may be configured to transmit and/or receive
wireless signals and may include user equipment (UE), a mobile
station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, a pager, a cellular
telephone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a smartphone, a
laptop, a netbook, a personal computer, a wireless sensor, consumer
electronics, and the like.
The communications systems 100 may also include a base station 114a
and a base station 114b. Each of the base stations 114a, 114b may
be any type of device configured to wirelessly interface with at
least one of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d to facilitate access
to one or more communication networks, such as the core network
106, the Internet 110, and/or the networks 112. By way of example,
the base stations 114a, 114b may be a base transceiver station
(BTS), a Node-B, an eNode B, a Home Node B, a Home eNode B, a site
controller, an access point (AP), a wireless router, and the like.
While the base stations 114a, 114b are each depicted as a single
element, it will be appreciated that the base stations 114a, 114b
may include any number of interconnected base stations and/or
network elements.
The base station 114a may be part of the RAN 104, which may also
include other base stations and/or network elements (not shown),
such as a base station controller (BSC), a radio network controller
(RNC), relay nodes, etc. The base station 114a and/or the base
station 114b may be configured to transmit and/or receive wireless
signals within a particular geographic region, which may be
referred to as a cell (not shown). The cell may further be divided
into cell sectors. For example, the cell associated with the base
station 114a may be divided into three sectors. Thus, in one
embodiment, the base station 114a may include three transceivers,
i.e., one for each sector of the cell. In another embodiment, the
base station 114a may employ multiple-input multiple output (MIMO)
technology and, therefore, may utilize multiple transceivers for
each sector of the cell.
The base stations 114a, 114b may communicate with one or more of
the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d over an air interface 116, which
may be any suitable wireless communication link (e.g., radio
frequency (RF), microwave, infrared (IR), ultraviolet (UV), visible
light, etc.). The air interface 116 may be established using any
suitable radio access technology (RAT).
More specifically, as noted, the communications system 100 may be a
multiple access system and may employ one or more channel access
schemes, such as CDMA, TDMA, FDMA, OFDMA, SC-FDMA, and the like.
For example, the base station 114a in the RAN 104 and the WTRUs
102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as Universal
Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access
(UTRA), which may establish the air interface 116 using wideband
CDMA (WCDMA). WCDMA may include communication protocols such as
High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) and/or Evolved HSPA (HSPA+). HSPA
may include High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) and/or
High-Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA).
In another embodiment, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a,
102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as Evolved UMTS
Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA), which may establish the air
interface 116 using Long Term Evolution (LTE) and/or LTE-Advanced
(LTE-A).
In other embodiments, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a,
102b, 102c may implement radio technologies such as IEEE 802.16
(i.e., Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX)),
CDMA2000, CDMA2000 1X, CDMA2000 EV-DO, Interim Standard 2000
(IS-2000), Interim Standard 95 (IS-95), Interim Standard 856
(IS-856), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), Enhanced
Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), GSM EDGE (GERAN), and the
like.
The base station 114b in FIG. 1A may be a wireless router, Home
Node B, Home eNode B, or access point, for example, and may utilize
any suitable RAT for facilitating wireless connectivity in a
localized area, such as a place of business, a home, a vehicle, a
campus, and the like. In one embodiment, the base station 114b and
the WTRUs 102c, 102d may implement a radio technology such as IEEE
802.11 to establish a wireless local area network (WLAN). In
another embodiment, the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d
may implement a radio technology such as IEEE 802.15 to establish a
wireless personal area network (WPAN). In yet another embodiment,
the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may utilize a
cellular-based RAT (e.g., WCDMA, CDMA2000, GSM, LTE, LTE-A, etc.)
to establish a picocell or femtocell. As shown in FIG. 1A, the base
station 114b may have a direct connection to the Internet 110.
Thus, the base station 114b may not be required to access the
Internet 110 via the core network 106.
The RAN 104 may be in communication with the core network 106,
which may be any type of network configured to provide voice, data,
applications, and/or voice over internet protocol (VoIP) services
to one or more of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d. For example,
the core network 106 may provide call control, billing services,
mobile location-based services, pre-paid calling, Internet
connectivity, video distribution, etc., and/or perform high-level
security functions, such as user authentication. Although not shown
in FIG. 1A, it will be appreciated that the RAN 104 and/or the core
network 106 may be in direct or indirect communication with other
RANs that employ the same RAT as the RAN 104 or a different RAT.
For example, in addition to being connected to the RAN 104, which
may be utilizing an E-UTRA radio technology, the core network 106
may also be in communication with another RAN (not shown) employing
a GSM radio technology.
The core network 106 may also serve as a gateway for the WTRUs
102a, 102b, 102c, 102d to access the PSTN 108, the Internet 110,
and/or other networks 112. The PSTN 108 may include
circuit-switched telephone networks that provide plain old
telephone service (POTS). The Internet 110 may include a global
system of interconnected computer networks and devices that use
common communication protocols, such as the transmission control
protocol (TCP), user datagram protocol (UDP) and the internet
protocol (IP) in the TCP/IP internet protocol suite. The networks
112 may include wired or wireless communications networks owned
and/or operated by other service providers. For example, the
networks 112 may include another core network connected to one or
more RANs, which may employ the same RAT as the RAN 104 or a
different RAT.
Some or all of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d in the
communications system 100 may include multi-mode capabilities,
i.e., the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may include multiple
transceivers for communicating with different wireless networks
over different wireless links. For example, the WTRU 102c shown in
FIG. 1A may be configured to communicate with the base station
114a, which may employ a cellular-based radio technology, and with
the base station 114b, which may employ an IEEE 802 radio
technology.
FIG. 1B is a system diagram of an example WTRU 102. As shown in
FIG. 1B, the WTRU 102 may include a processor 118, a transceiver
120, a transmit/receive element 122, a speaker/microphone 124, a
keypad 126, a display/touchpad 128, non-removable memory 130,
removable memory 132, a power source 134, a global positioning
system (GPS) chipset 136, and other peripherals 138. It will be
appreciated that the WTRU 102 may include any sub-combination of
the foregoing elements while remaining consistent with an
embodiment.
The processor 118 may be a general purpose processor, a special
purpose processor, a conventional processor, a digital signal
processor (DSP), a plurality of microprocessors, one or more
microprocessors in association with a DSP core, a controller, a
microcontroller, Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs),
Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGAs) circuits, any other type of
integrated circuit (IC), a state machine, and the like. The
processor 118 may perform signal coding, data processing, power
control, input/output processing, and/or any other functionality
that enables the WTRU 102 to operate in a wireless environment. The
processor 118 may be coupled to the transceiver 120, which may be
coupled to the transmit/receive element 122. While FIG. 1B depicts
the processor 118 and the transceiver 120 as separate components,
it will be appreciated that the processor 118 and the transceiver
120 may be integrated together in an electronic package or
chip.
The transmit/receive element 122 may be configured to transmit
signals to, or receive signals from, a base station (e.g., the base
station 114a) over the air interface 116. For example, in one
embodiment, the transmit/receive element 122 may be an antenna
configured to transmit and/or receive RF signals. In another
embodiment, the transmit/receive element 122 may be an
emitter/detector configured to transmit and/or receive IR, UV, or
visible light signals, for example. In yet another embodiment, the
transmit/receive element 122 may be configured to transmit and
receive both RF and light signals. It will be appreciated that the
transmit/receive element 122 may be configured to transmit and/or
receive any combination of wireless signals.
In addition, although the transmit/receive element 122 is depicted
in FIG. 1B as a single element, the WTRU 102 may include any number
of transmit/receive elements 122. More specifically, the WTRU 102
may employ MIMO technology. Thus, in one embodiment, the WTRU 102
may include two or more transmit/receive elements 122 (e.g.,
multiple antennas) for transmitting and receiving wireless signals
over the air interface 116.
The transceiver 120 may be configured to modulate the signals that
are to be transmitted by the transmit/receive element 122 and to
demodulate the signals that are received by the transmit/receive
element 122. As noted, the WTRU 102 may have multi-mode
capabilities. Thus, the transceiver 120 may include multiple
transceivers for enabling the WTRU 102 to communicate via multiple
RATs, such as UTRA and IEEE 802.11, for example.
The processor 118 of the WTRU 102 may be coupled to, and may
receive user input data from, the speaker/microphone 124, the
keypad 126, and/or the display/touchpad 128 (e.g., a liquid crystal
display (LCD) display unit or organic light-emitting diode (OLED)
display unit). The processor 118 may also output user data to the
speaker/microphone 124, the keypad 126, and/or the display/touchpad
128. In addition, the processor 118 may access information from,
and store data in, any type of suitable memory, such as the
non-removable memory 106 and/or the removable memory 132. The
non-removable memory 106 may include random-access memory (RAM),
read-only memory (ROM), a hard disk, or any other type of memory
storage device. The removable memory 132 may include a subscriber
identity module (SIM) card, a memory stick, a secure digital (SD)
memory card, and the like. In other embodiments, the processor 118
may access information from, and store data in, memory that is not
physically located on the WTRU 102, such as on a server or a home
computer (not shown).
The processor 118 may receive power from the power source 134, and
may be configured to distribute and/or control the power to the
other components in the WTRU 102. The power source 134 may be any
suitable device for powering the WTRU 102. For example, the power
source 134 may include one or more dry cell batteries (e.g.,
nickel-cadmium (NiCd), nickel-zinc (NiZn), nickel metal hydride
(NiMH), lithium-ion (Li-ion), etc.), solar cells, fuel cells, and
the like.
The processor 118 may also be coupled to the GPS chipset 136, which
may be configured to provide location information (e.g., longitude
and latitude) regarding the current location of the WTRU 102. In
addition to, or in lieu of, the information from the GPS chipset
136, the WTRU 102 may receive location information over the air
interface 116 from a base station (e.g., base stations 114a, 114b)
and/or determine its location based on the timing of the signals
being received from two or more nearby base stations. It will be
appreciated that the WTRU 102 may acquire location information by
way of any suitable location-determination method while remaining
consistent with an embodiment.
The processor 118 may further be coupled to other peripherals 138,
which may include one or more software and/or hardware modules that
provide additional features, functionality and/or wired or wireless
connectivity. For example, the peripherals 138 may include an
accelerometer, an e-compass, a satellite transceiver, a digital
camera (for photographs or video), a universal serial bus (USB)
port, a vibration device, a television transceiver, a hands free
headset, a Bluetooth.RTM. module, a frequency modulated (FM) radio
unit, a digital music player, a media player, a video game player
module, an Internet browser, and the like.
FIG. 1C is a system diagram of the RAN 104 and the core network 106
according to an embodiment. As noted, the RAN 104 may employ an
E-UTRA radio technology to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b,
and 102c over the air interface 116. The RAN 104 may also be in
communication with the core network 106.
The RAN 104 may include eNode-Bs 140a, 140b, 140c, though it will
be appreciated that the RAN 104 may include any number of eNode-Bs
while remaining consistent with an embodiment. The eNode-Bs 140a,
140b, 140c may each include one or more transceivers for
communicating with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air
interface 116. In one embodiment, the eNode-Bs 140a, 140b, 140c may
implement MIMO technology. Thus, the eNode-B 140a, for example, may
use multiple antennas to transmit wireless signals to, and receive
wireless signals from, the WTRU 102a.
Each of the eNode-Bs 140a, 140b, 140c may be associated with a
particular cell (not shown) and may be configured to handle radio
resource management decisions, handover decisions, scheduling of
users in the uplink and/or downlink, and the like. As shown in FIG.
1C, the eNode-Bs 140a, 140b, 140c may communicate with one another
over an X2 interface.
The core network 106 shown in FIG. 1C may include a mobility
management gateway (MME) 142, a serving gateway 144, and a packet
data network (PDN) gateway 146. While each of the foregoing
elements are depicted as part of the core network 106, it will be
appreciated that any one of these elements may be owned and/or
operated by an entity other than the core network operator.
The MME 142 may be connected to each of the eNode-Bs 142a, 142b,
142c in the RAN 104 via an S1 interface and may serve as a control
node. For example, the MME 142 may be responsible for
authenticating users of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, bearer
activation/deactivation, selecting a particular serving gateway
during an initial attach of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and the
like. The MME 142 may also provide a control plane function for
switching between the RAN 104 and other RANs (not shown) that
employ other radio technologies, such as GSM or WCDMA.
The serving gateway 144 may be connected to each of the eNode Bs
140a, 140b, and 140c in the RAN 104 via the S1 interface. The
serving gateway 144 may generally route and forward user data
packets to/from the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c. The serving gateway 144
may also perform other functions, such as anchoring user planes
during inter-eNode B handovers, triggering paging when downlink
data is available for the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, managing and
storing contexts of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and the like.
The serving gateway 144 may also be connected to the PDN gateway
146, which may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to
packet-switched networks, such as the Internet 110, to facilitate
communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and IP-enabled
devices.
The core network 106 may facilitate communications with other
networks. For example, the core network 106 may provide the WTRUs
102a, 102b, 102c with access to circuit-switched networks, such as
the PSTN 108, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a,
102b, 102c and traditional land-line communications devices. For
example, the core network 106 may include, or may communicate with,
an IP gateway (e.g., an IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) server) that
serves as an interface between the core network 106 and the PSTN
108. In addition, the core network 106 may provide the WTRUs 102a,
102b, 102c with access to the networks 112, which may include other
wired or wireless networks that are owned and/or operated by other
service providers.
The network may provide the WTRU with measurement configurations
through dedicated radio resource control (RRC) signaling.
Measurement configurations may include measurement objects that may
correspond, for example in an LTE system, to a single frequency for
intra/inter-frequency measurement; reporting configurations that
may correspond to a list of reporting criterion and associated
reporting format; measurement identities that may correspond to a
list of identities that link one measurement object together with
one reporting configuration; quantity configurations that may
correspond to measurement quantities (which, for example, may be
thresholds) and/or associated filtering to apply for events and
reporting for one measurement type, or perhaps more than one
measurement type; and measurement gap or gaps configuration or
configurations.
In Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS)
Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN), for example, a single
measurement object may be configured on a per carrier frequency
basis. Conceptually, for example, objects may be stored in a table,
and different operations may be defined to add, remove, and modify
the table.
By way of example, at least one measurement identity may be
associated with a single pair; (for example, at least one
measurement object for one reporting configuration). In this
example, the event reporting configuration may include a
combination of one event, one hysteresis parameter and a time to
trigger for a trigger type event. The WTRU may be configured with
multiple instances of the same event. This may provide the
flexibility to reuse the same reporting configuration, such as the
same trigger, for different measurement objects, such as for
different frequencies, by linkage using different measurement
identities. This may imply that different measurement identities
may be used to link the same measurement object, such as a
frequency, to different reporting configurations, such as multiple
triggers.
Issues may arise when attempting to apply existing measurements
framework to a WTRU employing carrier aggregation. An issue may be
that the network may, for the purpose of managing de-configuration
of component carriers, configure more than one measurement object
(one per frequency), each including one reporting configuration and
one measurement identity.
The use of similar or identical reporting configurations with
different measurement objects, such as for different frequencies,
may result in near simultaneous multiple transmissions of
measurement reports. Methods to minimize the additional overhead in
signaling due to the measurement configuration when operating with
multiple carriers are contemplated, for example where such methods
may result in fewer measurement reports.
Embodiments contemplate that the quality and/or level of a signal
received from a certain carrier may degrade, perhaps rapidly, for a
WTRU operating with a single carrier or multiple carriers. This may
happen for different reasons, such as for example, when the WTRU
may be going out of coverage for this carrier, or may be getting
close to an interfering home cell or femtocell on the same
frequency. If the concerned carrier may have a special role with
respect to the connection to the network, for example, if it
corresponds to a special cell or a primary serving cell in an
existing method, loss of connectivity to the network may occur. To
prevent this, the network may reconfigure the WTRU so that the
primary serving cell corresponds to a carrier from which the signal
quality may be acceptable. Such a reconfiguration may require that
the network have information on the quality of the other carriers
early enough after either the WTRU may measure the loss of quality
of the carrier and/or the WTRU may be notified of the loss of
quality of the carrier corresponding to the primary serving
cell.
The WTRU, perhaps upon detecting that the signal quality and/or
signal strength of the primary serving cell is going below a
threshold, may report measurement results pertaining to cells on
the same frequency as this cell. Thus, the network may not obtain
information about other cells immediately on the other frequencies,
unless perhaps another event would independently have been
triggered at the same time, or a periodic report would have been
transmitted at about the same time for one of the other
frequencies. The delay may result in the WTRU losing the connection
to the network, even though this may have been avoided with a
reconfiguration.
Similar issues may occur due to a configuration of cells on
multiple component carriers (CCs) that may be included in a
handover command. The network may not have the most recent
measurement results on the other carriers on the target base
station, except perhaps the one that may have triggered the
measurement event reporting.
Embodiments contemplate that the network may determine, perhaps
based on a requirement, when to add or remove serving cells from
the configuration of a WTRU that may be capable of operating with
multiple carriers. At least one factor in such a determination,
especially perhaps in a scenario where the coverage area may be
different between the different available carrier frequencies, may
be the measurements taken from these carriers. In such scenarios,
where feasible, the measurement results may be available at the
right time.
For example, a measurement event may not exist to report
deterioration in the quality of one of the configured carriers if
at least one of the configured carriers drops below one or more
thresholds. At least one view of this problem may be seen in FIG.
2. As illustrated in the example of FIG. 2, the WTRU may not
require high data rates and therefore may continue to operate with
a single carrier when the signal quality of a neighboring component
carrier (CC) may become higher than (or rise above) a threshold.
Also, subsequently, when the WTRU may require higher data rates,
the network may not know whether the signal quality of the neighbor
component carrier (CC) may be still good enough to be reconfigured,
at least because no measurement event may exist to report that the
neighboring component carrier (CC) may become lower than (or fall
below) a threshold.
Typical procedures for the handling of measurement identities at an
inter-frequency handover or re-establishment may not be directly
applied to scenarios where the WTRU operates with multiple carriers
in either the source or target configuration. For example, an issue
may be that the swapping of measurement objects (MeasObjects) for
each measurement identity (MeasId) corresponding to one or more
events may result in meaningless configurations on some carriers.
This may occur, for example, when the frequency corresponding to
the primary component carrier (PCC) in the source configuration may
not be a configured CC in the target configuration, while the
frequency corresponding to the PCC in the target configuration may
be a configured CC (i.e. a secondary component carrier (SCC)) in
the source configuration. In such a scenario, the swapping of
measurement objects may result in meaningless events, such as
"serving cell becoming higher than a threshold" on a frequency
where there may be no serving cell. Meaningless events such as
these, for example, may result in unnecessary measurements on
certain frequencies.
A similar issue may arise in a reconfiguration where a frequency
may be part of the source configuration as SCC, but not part of the
target configuration. In such a case, assuming that the concerned
measObject may not be involved in any swapping, meaningless events
may end up in the target configuration.
Embodiments contemplate that the WTRU may be configured with an
"S-Measure" parameter. The "s-Measure" parameter may, for example,
be a quality threshold for the serving cell that may control
whether or not the WTRU may, or perhaps be required, to perform
measurements of intra-frequency, inter-frequency, and inter-RAT
neighboring cells. By way of example, a multi-carrier capable WRTU
may refrain from measuring on non-configured frequencies as long as
the signal strength on the primary serving cell may be above a
certain configured s-Measure. This may hinder the network for the
eventual configuration of additional CCs for this WTRU.
A measurement configuration may include multiple measurement
objects, such as for more than one component carrier or frequency.
One or more methods may be used to minimize the possibility that a
WTRU generates and transmits multiple measurement reports within a
short period of time. This may be achieved, by way of example and
not limitation, by grouping measurements, based on measurement
identities. This may be achieved by applying logic governing a
trigger condition for initiating the transmission of a measurement
report.
Alternatively, minimizing the possibility that a WTRU generates and
transmits multiple measurement reports within a short period of
time may also be achieved by initiating transmission of one or more
various types of reports. For example, at least one of these types
may be a report of only the measurement or measurements for which
an event was triggered. Another type may be a report for all
measurements of the measurement group. Another type may be multiple
reports, perhaps at the same time, each containing measurement
results pertaining to a single measurement object. This latter type
may be distinct from, and may have advantages in some scenarios
over, the near-simultaneous transmission of multiple reports, since
it may result in the transmission of reports in one transmission
time interval (TTI). This may generally result in less overhead
than if they are transmitted in different TTIs.
A measurement identity (measID) may be defined that associates one
or more measurement objects (measObject), for example, a frequency,
with one reporting configuration. A reporting configuration may
include a list of criteria and reporting formats.
Embodiments contemplate a realization for multicarrier operation
may be as follows: the measurement identity may be additionally
configured with one new parameter representing the group of
measurements (measGroupID), which may itself be associated with a
type (measGroupType) indicating the triggering function to apply to
the group of measurements.
The associated triggering function may be one of several types. At
least one type of triggering function may be referred to as a
default triggering function. When any one of the configured events
belonging to a measurement object belonging to a measurement group
may satisfy the reporting criteria, the WTRU may, perhaps
immediately or with a predetermined delay, initiate one or more
procedures to transmit a measurement report for the measurement
group.
At least one type of triggering function may be referred to as a
window-based triggering function. When any one of the configured
events belonging to a measurement object of a measurement group may
satisfy the reporting criteria, and if there is no pending
measurement report for this measurement group, the WTRU may
consider that this measurement report is pending and may wait for a
certain period of time, (i.e. a window of time). Once the period
ends and there is at least one pending measurement report, the WTRU
may initiate a procedure to transmit a measurement report for the
measurement group. The size of the window may be either a fixed
value or may be configured by the network. The configuring may be
performed using layer 3 (L3) signaling, such as radio resource
control (RRC), for example.
Embodiments contemplate that at least one type of triggering
function may be referred to as a cumulative window-based triggering
function. When any one of the configured events belonging to a
measurement object of a measurement group may satisfy the reporting
criteria, and if there may be no pending measurement report for
this measurement group, the WTRU may consider that this measurement
report may be pending and may wait for a certain period of time,
(e.g., a window of time). Once the period may end and if an event
criterion for each measurement object of the measurement group may
be satisfied, the WTRU may initiate a procedure or procedures to
transmit a measurement report for the measurement group. The size
of the window may be either a fixed value or may be configured by
the network, for example. By way of example and not limitation, the
configuring may be performed using L3 signaling, such as RRC.
Embodiments also contemplate that at least one type of triggering
function may be referred to as a prohibited triggering function.
When any one of the configured events belonging to a measurement
object belonging to a measurement group may satisfy the reporting
criteria, the WTRU may ignore the event if less than a specific
amount of time, such as an amount determined by a prohibit timer,
has elapsed since the transmission of a report for this measurement
group. The amount of time may be either a fixed value or may be
configured by the network, for example. By way of example and not
limitation, the configuring may be performed using L3 signaling,
such as RRC.
Embodiments contemplate that at least one type of triggering
function may be referred to as a cascaded time-to-trigger
triggering function. A time Tx may be defined as a delay before the
WTRU may initiate transmission of a measurement report, that is, a
time-to-trigger, for example. When any one of the configured events
belonging to a measurement object in a measurement group satisfies
the reporting criteria, the WTRU may, for example, start a first
timer corresponding to a value T1. Before T1 may expire, the WTRU
may complete an evaluation of other measurement objects in the
measurement group that may be configured with a second timer, T2,
where, for example, T2 may be smaller than T1. Upon expiration of
time T1, the WTRU may report quantities for measurements that
satisfy the event criteria in the same measurement report
transmission.
The respective values of Tx may each be either a fixed value or may
be configured by the network using, for example, L3 signaling such
as RRC, for example, such that T1 and T2 may be multiples of the
measurement occasion. This may reduce the fluctuation of different
measurements for entering the time-to-trigger timers.
Embodiments contemplate that a parameter may be included to
indicate whether or not only the measurement or measurements for
which an event was triggered may be reported. For example, the WTRU
may include in the transmission of the measurement report the
quantities for some or all measurement objects of the measurement
groups if the parameter may be true. If the parameter may not be
true, the WTRU may report only the quantities for the measurement
objects for which the event criteria may have been met. The
parameter may be, for example, an allReportsInGroupEnabled
parameter.
Embodiments contemplate that one or more issues may arise when the
signal quality from a carrier may degrade rapidly, or when a
handover to a target cell with multiple carriers may be required.
The carrier in such an example may correspond to the primary
serving cell or "Pcell."
In the disclosed examples, the term "metric" may correspond to a
quality measurement, such as either a received signal quality, such
as Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) for an LTE system, or a
received signal strength, such as Reference Signal Received Power
(RSRP) for an LTE system, for example and without loss of
generality. The choice of the measurement metric may be
configurable on a per-frequency basis. For example, the RSRP may be
used for a first frequency while RSRQ may be used for a second
frequency, or vice-versa.
When the WTRU may be operating with multiple carriers, the
terminology "primary serving cell" may be used to designate a
specific or unique carrier to which the WTRU may be configured. For
example, the terms may correspond to the carrier corresponding to
the "special cell", or "primary serving cell", or "Pcell." The
terminology "serving cell" which could be a "primary serving cell"
or "Pcell", or "secondary serving cell", or "Scell", for example,
which may be used to designate any carrier to which the WTRU may be
configured, on any frequency. The term "best cell" may refer to the
measured cell that has the highest metric on the given frequency,
regardless of whether it corresponds to a carrier that may be part
of the WTRU configuration. Alternatively, best cell may be used to
refer to the measured cell that may not be part of the WTRU
configuration that may have the highest metric on the given
frequency. This terminology may apply to the following example
measurement events to support CC management.
For example, embodiments contemplate that the WTRU may send a
measurement report that contains measurement results from a
multiplicity of frequencies, or other measurement objects, when a
certain event or one of a set of events may be triggered. The event
or set of events may indicate that a reconfiguration may need to be
performed. Alternatively, the WTRU may send a multiplicity of
measurement reports, perhaps each containing measurement results
from a single frequency or other measurement object when a certain
event or one of a set of events may be triggered. The event or set
of events may indicate that a reconfiguration may need to be
performed. Using this approach, the network may immediately, or
perhaps after a predetermined delay, obtain measurement results for
cells or carriers on other frequencies that may be candidates for
the reconfiguration.
Embodiments contemplate that events that may trigger the reporting
of measurement results from multiple frequencies may be one or a
subset of several types, for example. One example may be an event
that may indicate degradation of signal quality on the primary
serving cell, for example, an A2 event in which a primary serving
cell metric may fall below a threshold or an A3 event in which a
neighbor cell metric may be offset better (e.g., higher) than a
primary serving cell metric.
Another example of a triggering event may be an extension of an
event in which the primary serving cell may be replaced by a
serving cell on a specified frequency. For example, in an extended
A2 event, a serving cell metric on a particular frequency may fall
below a threshold. As another example, in an extended A3 event, a
neighbor cell metric may be offset better than a serving cell on a
specified frequency. By way of example, the phrase "offset better"
may be understood to mean higher or larger. Also by way of example,
the expression "A is offset better than B" may be understood as the
metric of A being larger than the metric of B by a value
"offset."
Another example of a triggering event may be an event that
indicates degradation of signal quality on a first serving cell
while the signal quality on a second serving cell may remain above
a threshold. For example, a primary serving cell metric may drop
below a first threshold and a serving cell metric on a specific
frequency may remain above a second threshold. In another example,
a serving cell metric on a specific frequency may drop below a
first threshold and serving cell metric on another specific
frequency may remain above a second threshold. In yet another
example, a neighbor cell metric may become offset better than a
primary serving cell, and a serving cell metric on a specific
frequency may remain above a second threshold. Alternatively, a
neighbor cell metric may become offset better than a serving cell
on a specific frequency and serving cell metric on another specific
frequency may remain above a second threshold.
Another example of a triggering event may be similar to one or more
of the previous examples, but instead of using a specific frequency
(or specific standard frequency), any of a preconfigured set of
frequencies, other than that of the primary serving cell or other
standard frequencies based on the event, may be used. The
preconfigured set of frequencies may be provided by higher layers
or may correspond to the set of frequencies on which the WTRU may
be configured to operate.
The measurement report or set of measurement reports transmitted by
the WTRU upon a triggering of one of the above events may contain
the measurement results for the following measurement objects,
individually or in combination: the measurement object for the
frequency corresponding to the primary serving cell; all or a
subset of measurement objects of the measurement configuration,
corresponding to frequencies on which the WTRU may be operating
(e.g., frequencies with a configured Scell); all or a subset of
measurement objects of the measurement configuration, corresponding
to frequencies on which the WTRU may be operating, for which the
serving cell metric may be above a threshold; all or a subset of
measurement objects for which the strongest cell metric may be
above a threshold; all or a subset of measurement objects included
in the measurement configuration of the WTRU, regardless of which
of the above events may have been triggered; or all or a subset of
measurement objects that may have been used in the evaluation of
the event having triggered the report. The measurement object may
refer to one type of measurement object (e.g., measObjectEUTRA,
measObjectUTRA, measObjectGERAN, or measObjectCDMA2000).
In a case where only a subset of measurement objects may be
reported, the number of measurement objects may be determined using
one or more of: up to K measurement objects in total; up to N
measurement objects corresponding to carriers with a configured
Scell; or up to M measurement objects corresponding to carriers
with no configured Scell. Then the measurement results of up to C
cells may be reported. N, M, C and K may be pre-defined or signaled
by higher layers.
Embodiments contemplate that when a smaller number of objects may
be selected compared to the number of objects for which
measurements are available, the subset of objects may be selected
using one or more of, or a combination of, a Rule 1--selecting the
objects that may have the highest (or best) metric (RSRP/RSRQ) for
their highest ranked cells; and/or a Rule 2--selecting the objects
for which the metric of their highest ranked cells may be above a
threshold. If the selected measurement objects by Rule 2 may exceed
the max number of allowed measurement object, then Rule 1 may be
applied.
The WTRU may send a measurement report to enable the removal of a
carrier from the configuration or to notify the network that a
carrier may no longer be considered for addition to the WTRU
configuration. The WTRU may send the measurement report when one of
several events occurs, for example when the signal strength or
quality on the carrier may become too low for proper operation.
Other examples may include when a serving carrier metric on a
measurement object falls below an absolute threshold or a metric of
a best cell on the measurement object may fall below an absolute
threshold.
The following example events may be used to detect a situation
where a carrier may be removed from the WTRU configuration, or may
no longer be considered for addition to the WTRU configuration
because its relative quality may be compared to that of another
carrier may become too low. These examples include, but are not
limited to, a serving cell metric on measurement object may become
offset worse (e.g., lower) than a primary serving cell; a metric of
a best cell on a measurement object may become offset worse than a
primary serving cell; a serving cell metric on a first measurement
object may become offset worse than a serving cell metric on a
second measurement object; or a best cell metric on a first
measurement object may become offset worse than a serving cell
metric on a second measurement object. The use of these events may
be configured by the network as part of the measurement
configuration of the WTRU, for example.
Embodiments contemplate that on-demand measurement may be
introduced to address issues of supporting handover to multiple
carriers in the target cell and/or managing configuration and
release of additional carriers. The network may request the
measurement on its interested cells in a message, for example an
on-demand measurement request, or by setting a field in an extended
message. The message may be sent at a radio resource control (RRC)
layer, as shown in FIG. 3, a media access control (MAC) layer or a
physical (PHY) layer. Upon reception of this message, the WTRU may
send a measurement report for the indicated carrier frequencies or
measurement objects.
The following terminology may be used in the following examples.
"Source configuration" may refer to the RRC configuration of the
WTRU prior to the reconfiguration or re-establishment procedure.
"Target configuration" may refer to the RRC configuration of the
WTRU after the reconfiguration or re-establishment procedure, if
the procedure may be successful. "Pcell" may refer to the serving
cell on the primary component carrier (PCC). "Scell" may refer to
the serving cell on a secondary component carrier (SCC).
"Scell-referred Event" may refer to a measurement event, such as
but not limited to A1 or A2, whose serving cell reference may be an
Scell. Embodiments contemplate that A1 may mean that a serving cell
may become better than a threshold and A2 may mean that a serving
cell may become worse than a threshold. All terms and accompanied
definitions presented throughout this disclosure are for
illustration purposes and other terms consistent with this
disclosure may be reasonably used.
The following examples may be used to allow the WTRU to reconfigure
its measurement configuration in preparation for any type of
reconfiguration. The WTRU may remove a measId from its measurement
configuration during an RRC Reconfiguration Procedure or an RRC
Re-establishment Procedure, prior to performing the measurement
configuration procedure, when at least one of a subset of the
following conditions may be met. The conditions for removing a
measId may include, but are not limited to, when: a) the measId is
linked to a measObject corresponding to an SCC in the source
configuration; b) the measId is linked to a measObject
corresponding to an SCC in the source configuration but not to an
SCC in the target configuration; c) the measId is linked to a
measObject corresponding to an SCC in the source configuration but
not to an SCC or PCC in the target configuration; d) the measId is
linked to a measObject corresponding to an SCC in the source
configuration and the Scell in the target configuration is not be
identical to the Scell in the source configuration; e) the measId
is linked to a reporting configuration corresponding to an
Scell-referred Event; f) the measId is linked to a reporting
configuration corresponding to an Scell-referred Event, and on a
condition that (a) is true; g) the measId is linked to a reporting
configuration corresponding to an Scell-referred Event, and on a
condition that (b) is true; h) the measId is linked to a reporting
configuration corresponding to an Scell-referred Event, and on a
condition that (c) is true; i) the measId is linked to a reporting
configuration corresponding to an Scell-referred Event, and on a
condition that (d) is true; j) the measId is linked to a measObject
corresponding to a non-configured CC in the source configuration;
k) the measId is linked to a measObject corresponding to a
non-configured CC in the target configuration; and/or l) the measId
is linked to a measObject corresponding to a non-configured CC in
the source configuration but to an SCC or PCC in the target
configuration.
Embodiments contemplate that the removal the of measurement
identity (measId), when one of the above conditions may be met, may
occur (or perhaps in some embodiments may only occur) if at least
one of a subset of the following additional conditions may be met:
m) the measId is modified to be linked to a different measObject
according to one or more of the embodiments described in the
following paragraphs, or n) the PCC frequency in the source
configuration is different from the PCC frequency in the target
configuration, for example, an inter-frequency handover.
The following examples may be used to allow the WTRU to reconfigure
its measurement configuration in preparation for a reconfiguration
that involves a change of PCC frequency in multi-carrier operation.
For a measId that may already be linked to a first measObject, the
WTRU may modify this measId so that it may instead be linked to a
second measObject during an RRC Reconfiguration Procedure and/or an
RRC Reestablishment Procedure, prior to performing the measurement
configuration procedure, for example. This may occur when the
second measObject may already be part of the measurement
configuration of the WTRU and when at least one of a subset of the
following conditions may be met: o) the first measObject
corresponds to the PCC in the source configuration and the second
measObject corresponds to the PCC in the target configuration, and
the measId may be linked to a reporting configuration not
corresponding to an Scell-referred Event; p) the first measObject
corresponds to a PCC in the target configuration and an SCC in the
source configuration, while the second measObject corresponds to
the PCC in the source configuration and/or an SCC in the target
configuration; or the first measObject corresponds to a PCC in the
target configuration and/or a non-configured CC in the source
configuration, while the second measObject corresponds to the PCC
in the source configuration and/or a non-configured CC in the
target configuration.
Embodiments contemplate conditional use of s-Measure for
non-configured frequencies may be used to perform measurements. For
example, the WTRU may measure on a non-configured frequency, for
which at least one measId may be linked to the corresponding
measObject, regardless of the configuration of s-Measure, if at
least one of the following conditions is met. The conditions may
include, but are not limited to, when the WTRU receives an
indication from its measurement configuration to behave as such for
measurements on this non-configured frequency; the multi-carrier
capable WTRU is capable of adding at least one CC in its
configuration; and/or the WTRU is capable of measuring on this
non-configured frequency without using measurement gaps.
FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary embodiment. As depicted in FIG. 4,
at 402, a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may have one or
more processors configured, at least in part, to determine a
resource radio control (RRC) connection state. At 404, the WTRU may
reconfigure a measurement configuration. The reconfiguration of the
measurement configuration may include removing at least one
parameter from the measurement configuration. At 406, the RRC
connection state may be determined to be at least one of an RRC
connection reestablishment or an RRC connection reconfiguration,
for example. At 408, the WTRU may remove the at least one parameter
from the measurement configuration during at least one of the RRC
connection reestablishment or the RRC connection reconfiguration,
for example. Alternatively, at 410, the WTRU may be further
configured to remove the at least one parameter from the
measurement configuration based on at least one condition.
Embodiments contemplate that the at least one parameter may
correspond to an identification parameter, such as an measId
parameter, for example. Also, a first condition may include the
measId parameter being associated with at least one of an A1
measurement event or an A2 measurement event, for example. At 412,
the WTRU may be further configured to remove the at least one
parameter from the measurement configuration based on both the
first condition and a second condition. Embodiments contemplate
that the second condition may include the measId parameter being
associated with a measObject parameter corresponding to a
non-configured component carrier (CC), for example.
As depicted in FIG. 5 and FIG. 5A, embodiments contemplate a
wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU), that may comprise one or
more processors. At 502, at least one processor of the WTRU (or
simply the WTRU) may be configured, at least in part, to configure
a measurement report. The management report may be configured based
on at least one condition. The measurement report may include
measurement results regarding one or more frequencies on which the
WTRU may be configurable to operate. At 504, the WTRU may be
configured to transmit the measurement report. At 506, the
measurement report may include measurement results regarding one or
more frequencies on which the WTRU may be configurable to operate,
perhaps other than a first frequency. The first frequency may be
associated with the at least one condition. At 508, the at least
one condition may include a signal quality of a first cell at the
first frequency becoming less than a first threshold. The at least
one condition may also include a signal quality of a second cell at
the one or more frequencies on which the WTRU may be configurable
to operate, other than the first frequency, being greater than a
second threshold.
Alternatively, at 510, the at least one condition may include a
first quality measurement associated with a first cell serving the
WTRU at the first frequency becoming less than a first threshold
and a second quality measurement being greater than a second
threshold. The second quality measurement may be associated with a
second cell at the one or more frequencies on which the WTRU may be
configurable to operate other than the first frequency.
Alternatively, at 512, the at least one condition may include a
first quality measurement associated with a first cell at the first
frequency becoming less than a first threshold and a second quality
measurement being greater then a second threshold. The second
quality measurement may be associated with a second cell at the one
or more frequencies on which the WTRU may be configurable to
operate other than the first frequency.
In another alternative, at 514, the at least one condition may
include a first quality measurement associated with a first cell
serving the WTRU at the first frequency becoming less than a second
quality measurement associated with a second cell neighboring the
first cell. The at least one condition may also include a third
quality measurement being greater then a threshold. The third
quality measurement may be associated with a third cell at the one
or more frequencies on which the WTRU may be configurable to
operate, other than the first frequency.
Again, alternatively, at 516, the at least one condition may
include a first quality measurement associated with a first cell at
the first frequency becoming less than a second quality measurement
associated with a second cell neighboring the first cell. The at
least one condition may also include a third measurement quality
being greater than a threshold. The third measurement quality may
be associated with a third cell at the one or more frequencies on
which the WTRU may be configurable to operate, other than the first
frequency.
Referring now to FIG. 6, embodiments contemplate that a wireless
transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may comprise one or more processors.
At 602, at least one processor of the WTRU (or simply the WTRU) may
be configured, at least in part, to determine at least one
condition that may be associated with one or more cells (or serving
cells). The WTRU may be configurable to operate on at least one of
the one or more cells. At 604, the WTRU may be configured to
transmit a measurement report based on the at least one condition.
At 606, the at least one condition may be configured to include a
quality measurement associated with at least one of the one or more
cells becoming less than a threshold. Embodiments contemplate that
the threshold may be an absolute threshold. Also, the quality
measurement may be at least one of a signal strength or a signal
quality, for example. At 608, the WTRU may be configurable to
operate on the at least one of the one or more cells on one or more
frequencies. Embodiments contemplate that the one or more cells may
include at least one of a primary serving cell or a secondary
serving cell, for example.
Although features and elements are described above in particular
combinations, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that
each feature or element can be used alone or in any combination
with the other features and elements. In addition, the methods
described herein may be implemented in a computer program,
software, or firmware incorporated in a computer-readable medium
for execution by a computer or processor. Examples of
computer-readable media include electronic signals (transmitted
over wired or wireless connections) and computer-readable storage
media. Examples of computer-readable storage media include, but are
not limited to, a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory
(RAM), a register, cache memory, semiconductor memory devices,
magnetic media such as internal hard disks and removable disks,
magneto-optical media, and optical media such as CD-ROM disks, and
digital versatile disks (DVDs). A processor in association with
software may be used to implement a radio frequency transceiver for
use in a WTRU, UE, terminal, base station, RNC, or any host
computer.
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