U.S. patent number 8,716,884 [Application Number 12/299,937] was granted by the patent office on 2014-05-06 for vehicle controller.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Mitsubishi Electric Corporation. The grantee listed for this patent is Yasuhisa Adachi, Minoru Ikemoto, Hidetoshi Kitanaka, Yoshinobu Koji, Hideo Okayama, Makoto Sugiura, Hidetoshi Sumita, Kiyonobu Ueda. Invention is credited to Yasuhisa Adachi, Minoru Ikemoto, Hidetoshi Kitanaka, Yoshinobu Koji, Hideo Okayama, Makoto Sugiura, Hidetoshi Sumita, Kiyonobu Ueda.
United States Patent |
8,716,884 |
Ikemoto , et al. |
May 6, 2014 |
Vehicle controller
Abstract
There is provided a vehicle controller that is mounted in a
box-shaped manner beneath the floor or on the roof of a vehicle so
as to supply electric power to vehicle apparatuses. The vehicle
controller is configured with a plurality of functional modules 4;
each of the functional modules 4 has at one side thereof an
interface side 22 in which a first interface region 5 where
signal-line terminals are arranged and a second interface region 6
where power-line terminals are arranged are separated; in each of
the interface sides 22, the first interface region 5 is disposed in
the vicinity of one and the same end and the second interface
region 6 is disposed in the vicinity of the other and the same end;
the plurality of functional modules includes a monitoring circuit,
an overvoltage protection circuit, and an inverter.
Inventors: |
Ikemoto; Minoru (Chiyoda-ku,
JP), Okayama; Hideo (Chiyoda-ku, JP),
Kitanaka; Hidetoshi (Chiyoda-ku, JP), Sumita;
Hidetoshi (Chiyoda-ku, JP), Koji; Yoshinobu
(Chiyoda-ku, JP), Ueda; Kiyonobu (Chiyoda-ku,
JP), Adachi; Yasuhisa (Tanba, JP), Sugiura;
Makoto (Tanba, JP) |
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Ikemoto; Minoru
Okayama; Hideo
Kitanaka; Hidetoshi
Sumita; Hidetoshi
Koji; Yoshinobu
Ueda; Kiyonobu
Adachi; Yasuhisa
Sugiura; Makoto |
Chiyoda-ku
Chiyoda-ku
Chiyoda-ku
Chiyoda-ku
Chiyoda-ku
Chiyoda-ku
Tanba
Tanba |
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A |
JP
JP
JP
JP
JP
JP
JP
JP |
|
|
Assignee: |
Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
(Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, JP)
|
Family
ID: |
38778174 |
Appl.
No.: |
12/299,937 |
Filed: |
January 26, 2007 |
PCT
Filed: |
January 26, 2007 |
PCT No.: |
PCT/JP2007/051265 |
371(c)(1),(2),(4) Date: |
November 07, 2008 |
PCT
Pub. No.: |
WO2007/138760 |
PCT
Pub. Date: |
December 06, 2007 |
Prior Publication Data
|
|
|
|
Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
|
US 20090240384 A1 |
Sep 24, 2009 |
|
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
May 25, 2006 [JP] |
|
|
PCT/JP2006/310463 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
307/10.1;
361/728; 174/50 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B60L
15/007 (20130101); B60L 1/003 (20130101); B61C
17/00 (20130101); Y02T 10/64 (20130101); B60L
2200/26 (20130101); Y02T 10/645 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B60L
1/00 (20060101); B60L 3/00 (20060101); H05K
7/00 (20060101); H05K 5/00 (20060101) |
Field of
Search: |
;307/10.1 ;174/50
;361/728 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
62-299474 |
|
Dec 1987 |
|
JP |
|
5-115101 |
|
May 1993 |
|
JP |
|
5-199601 |
|
Aug 1993 |
|
JP |
|
6-133406 |
|
May 1994 |
|
JP |
|
6-144218 |
|
May 1994 |
|
JP |
|
06-153329 |
|
May 1994 |
|
JP |
|
7-017396 |
|
Jan 1995 |
|
JP |
|
09-037414 |
|
Feb 1997 |
|
JP |
|
10-278784 |
|
Oct 1998 |
|
JP |
|
11-145632 |
|
May 1999 |
|
JP |
|
2000-211504 |
|
Aug 2000 |
|
JP |
|
2000-302034 |
|
Oct 2000 |
|
JP |
|
2001-258263 |
|
Sep 2001 |
|
JP |
|
2003-095088 |
|
Apr 2003 |
|
JP |
|
2004-299469 |
|
Oct 2004 |
|
JP |
|
2005-033885 |
|
Feb 2005 |
|
JP |
|
2005-033997 |
|
Feb 2005 |
|
JP |
|
Other References
Office Action dated May 25, 2010 issued in the corresponding
Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-529286, and an English
Translation of the main portion of the Office Action thereof. cited
by applicant .
Supplementary European Search Report dated Mar. 8, 2012, issued in
the corresponding European Patent Application No. 07707497.9. (8
pages). cited by applicant .
Jones et al., "BB10003--Prototype Electric Locomotive for the TMST"
Proceedings of the IEEE/ASME Joint Railroad Conference. St. Louis,
May 21-23, 1991, pp. 125-132. cited by applicant .
Notice of Reasons for Refusal issued in the corresponding Japanese
Patent Application No. 2007-529286 dated Jan. 5, 2010, and an
English Translation thereof. cited by applicant .
*Form PCT/ISA/210 (International Search Report) dated May 1, 2007.
cited by applicant .
Form PCT/ISA210 (International Search Report) dated May 15, 2007,
(41 pages). cited by applicant .
U.S. Office Action dated Mar. 11, 2011, issued in related U.S.
Appl. No. 12/299,914 (U.S. Patent No. 8,104,558), (10 pages). cited
by applicant .
U.S. Office Action dated Aug. 2, 2011, issue din related U.S. Appl.
No. 12/099,914 (U.S. Patent No. 8,104,558) (7 pages). cited by
applicant.
|
Primary Examiner: Jackson; Stephen W
Assistant Examiner: Parries; Dru
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Buchanan Ingersoll Rooney PC
Claims
The invention claimed is:
1. A vehicle controller comprising: a plurality of functional
modules arranged in linear direction; and signal lines and power
lines connected with the functional modules, wherein one of the
sides of each of the plurality of functional modules is an
interface side provided with external signal-line terminals to
which the signal lines are connected and external power-line
terminals to which the power lines are connected, wherein each of
the interface sides is divided into a first interface region where
external signal-line terminals to which the signal lines are
connected are disposed and a second interface region where external
power-line terminals to which the power lines are connected are
disposed, wherein the plurality of functional modules are arranged
in such a way that the respective interface sides thereof are
adjacent to one another, parallel to said linear direction; and the
first interface regions are disposed in the vicinity of one and the
same end and the second interface regions are disposed in the
vicinity of the other and the same end, wherein both the signal
lines and the power lines can be attached or detached from one
common side of the linear arrangement of the functional modules,
wherein the plurality of functional modules includes at least a
functional module having a monitoring circuit that monitors a
voltage and a current, a functional module having an overvoltage
protection circuit, and a functional module having an inverter that
converts a DC voltage into an AC voltage, and wherein the
functional module having a monitoring circuit connects in a
relaying manner the other functional modules with an overhead line,
and further comprising at least one functional module, as a control
circuit, having an interface side that has the first interface
region but no second interface region, wherein the first interface
region in the interface side of said functional module is situated
in the vicinity of one end the same as that in the vicinity of
which the first interface regions in the interface sides of the
other functional modules are situated.
2. The vehicle controller according to claim 1, wherein the
plurality of functional modules further includes a functional
module having a switch circuit that performs electrical connection
and disconnection, and wherein the functional module having a
monitoring circuit is connected in a relaying manner with the
overhead line, the functional module having a switch circuit, and
the other functional modules.
3. The vehicle controller according to claim 1, wherein each of the
functional modules has an interface side that is divided into the
upper portion in which one of the first interface region and the
second interface region is situated and the lower portion in which
the other of the first interface region and the second interface
region is situated, and wherein, in each of the interface sides,
the first interface region is disposed in the vicinity of the
bottom end thereof and the second interface region is disposed in
the vicinity of the top end thereof.
4. The vehicle controller according to claim 1, wherein the size of
a bolt for a power-line connector in the second interface region of
each of the functional modules is the same as that of a bolt for
fixing the functional module to a case that incorporates the
functional modules.
5. A vehicle controller comprising: a plurality of functional
modules arranged in linear direction; and signal lines and power
lines connected with the functional modules, wherein one of the
sides of each of the plurality of functional modules is an
interface side provided with external signal-line terminals to
which the signal lines are connected and external power-line
terminals to which the power lines are connected, wherein each of
the interface sides is divided into a first interface region where
external signal-line terminals to which the signal lines are
connected are disposed and a second interface region where external
power-line terminals to which the power lines are connected are
disposed, wherein the plurality of functional modules are arranged
in such a way that the respective interface sides thereof are
adjacent to one another, parallel to said linear direction; and the
first interface regions are disposed in the vicinity of one and the
same end and the second interface regions are disposed in the
vicinity of the other and the same end, wherein both the signal
lines and the power lines can be attached or detached from one
common side of the linear arrangement of the functional modules,
wherein the plurality of functional modules includes at least a
functional module having a monitoring circuit that monitors a
voltage and a current, a functional module having an overvoltage
protection circuit, and a functional module having an inverter that
converts a DC voltage into an AC voltage, and wherein the
functional module having a monitoring circuit connects in a
relaying manner the other functional modules with an overhead line,
and further comprising at least one functional module having an
interface side that has the second interface region but no first
interface region, wherein the second interface region in the
interface side of said functional module is situated in the
vicinity of one end the same as that in the vicinity of which the
second interface regions in the interface sides of the other
functional modules are situated.
6. A vehicle controller comprising: a plurality of functional
modules arranged in linear direction; and signal lines and power
lines connected with the functional modules, wherein one of the
sides of each of the plurality of functional modules is an
interface side provided with external signal-line terminals to
which the signal lines are connected and external power-line
terminals to which the power lines are connected, wherein each of
the interface sides is divided into a first interface region where
external signal-line terminals to which the signal lines are
connected are disposed and a second interface region where external
power-line terminals to which the power lines are connected are
disposed, wherein the plurality of functional modules are divided
into two groups and arranged in two rows; the respective interface
sides thereof are arranged in such a way as to be adjacent to one
another and parallel to said linear direction; one group of the
interface sides and the other group of interface sides are arranged
in such a way as to face each other; and each of the interface
sides of the one group and the other group are disposed in such a
way that the respective first interface regions are arranged in the
vicinity of one and the same end and the respective second
interface regions are arranged in the vicinity of the other and the
same end, wherein, for each group, both the signal lines and the
power lines can be attached or detached from one common side of the
linear arrangement of the functional modules, wherein the plurality
of functional modules includes at least a functional module having
a monitoring circuit that monitors a voltage and a current, a
functional module having an overvoltage protection circuit, and a
functional module having an inverter that converts a DC voltage
into an AC voltage, and wherein the functional module having a
monitoring circuit connects in a relaying manner the other
functional modules with an overhead line, and further comprising at
least one functional module, as a control circuit, having an
interface side that has the first interface region but no second
interface region, wherein the first interface region in the
interface side of said functional module is situated in the
vicinity of one end the same as that in the vicinity of which the
first interface regions in the interface sides of the other
functional modules are situated.
7. The vehicle controller according to claim 6, wherein the
plurality of functional modules further includes a functional
module having a switch circuit that performs electrical connection
and disconnection, and wherein the functional module having a
monitoring circuit is connected in a relaying manner with the
overhead line, the functional module having a switch circuit, and
the other functional modules.
8. The vehicle controller according to claim 6, wherein each of the
functional modules has an interface side that is divided into the
upper portion in which one of the first interface region and the
second interface region is situated and the lower portion in which
the other of the first interface region and the second interface
region is situated, and wherein, in each of the interface sides,
the first interface region is disposed in the vicinity of the
bottom end thereof and the second interface region is disposed in
the vicinity of the top end thereof.
9. The vehicle controller according to claim 6, wherein the size of
a bolt for a power-line connector in the second interface region of
each of the functional modules is the same as that of a bolt for
fixing the functional module to a case that incorporates the
functional modules.
10. A vehicle controller comprising: a plurality of functional
modules arranged in linear direction; and signal lines and power
lines connected with the functional modules, wherein one of the
sides of each of the plurality of functional modules is an
interface side provided with external signal-line terminals to
which the signal lines are connected and external power-line
terminals to which the power lines are connected, wherein each of
the interface sides is divided into a first interface region where
external signal-line terminals to which the signal lines are
connected are disposed and a second interface region where external
power-line terminals to which the power lines are connected are
disposed, wherein the plurality of functional modules are divided
into two groups and arranged in two rows; the respective interface
sides thereof are arranged in such a way as to be adjacent to one
another and parallel to said linear direction; one group of the
interface sides and the other group of interface sides are arranged
in such a way as to face each other; and each of the interface
sides of the one group and the other group are disposed in such a
way that the respective first interface regions are arranged in the
vicinity of one and the same end and the respective second
interface regions are arranged in the vicinity of the other and the
same end, wherein, for each group, both the signal lines and the
power lines can be attached or detached from one common side of the
linear arrangement of the functional modules, wherein the plurality
of functional modules includes at least a functional module having
a monitoring circuit that monitors a voltage and a current, a
functional module having an overvoltage protection circuit, and a
functional module having an inverter that converts a DC voltage
into an AC voltage, and wherein the functional module having a
monitoring circuit connects in a relaying manner the other
functional modules with an overhead line, and further comprising at
least one functional module having an interface side that has the
second interface region but no first interface region, wherein the
second interface region in the interface side of said functional
module is situated in the vicinity of one end the same as that in
the vicinity of which the second interface regions in the interface
sides of the other functional modules are situated.
11. A vehicle controller comprising: a plurality of functional
modules arranged in linear direction; and signal lines and power
lines connected with the functional modules, wherein one of each of
the sides of the plurality of functional modules is an interface
side provided with external signal-line terminals to which the
signal lines are connected and external power-line terminals to
which the power lines are connected, wherein each of the interface
sides is divided into a first interface region where external
signal-line terminals to which the signal lines are connected are
disposed and a second interface region where external power-line
terminals to which the power lines are connected are disposed,
wherein the plurality of functional modules are divided into two
groups and arranged in two rows; the respective interface sides
thereof are arranged in such a way as to be adjacent to one
another, parallel to said linear direction; and one group of the
interface sides and the other group of interface sides are arranged
in such a way as to be oriented in the same direction, wherein, in
each of the respective interface sides of the one group and the
other group, one of the interface regions is disposed proximally
from the middle of the rows and the other interface region is
disposed distally from the middle of the rows, wherein, for each
group, both the signal lines and the power lines can be attached or
detached from one common side of the linear arrangement of the
functional modules, wherein the plurality of functional modules
includes at least a functional module having a monitoring circuit
that monitors a voltage and a current, a functional module having
an overvoltage protection circuit, and a functional module having
an inverter that converts a DC voltage into an AC voltage, and
wherein the functional module having a monitoring circuit connects
in a relaying manner the other functional modules with an overhead
line, and further comprising at least one functional module, as a
control circuit, having an interface side that has the first
interface region but no second interface region, wherein the first
interface region in the interface side of said functional module is
situated in the vicinity of one end the same as that in the
vicinity of which the first interface regions in the interface
sides of the other functional modules are situated.
12. The vehicle controller according to claim 11, wherein the
plurality of functional modules further includes a functional
module having a switch circuit that performs electrical connection
and disconnection, and wherein the functional module having a
monitoring circuit is connected in a relaying manner with the
overhead line, the functional module having a switch circuit, and
the other functional modules.
13. The vehicle controller according to claim 11, wherein the
plurality of functional modules are arranged in such a way that, in
each of the respective interface sides of the one group and the
other group, the first interface region is disposed proximally from
the middle of the rows and the second interface region is disposed
distally from the middle of the rows.
14. The vehicle controller according to claim 11, wherein the size
of a bolt for a power-line connector in the second interface region
of each of the functional modules is the same as that of a bolt for
fixing the functional module to a case that incorporates the
functional modules.
15. A vehicle controller comprising: a plurality of functional
modules arranged in linear direction; and signal lines and power
lines connected with the functional modules, wherein one of each of
the sides of the plurality of functional modules is an interface
side provided with external signal-line terminals to which the
signal lines are connected and external power-line terminals to
which the power lines are connected, wherein each of the interface
sides is divided into a first interface region where external
signal-line terminals to which the signal lines are connected are
disposed and a second interface region where external power-line
terminals to which the power lines are connected are disposed,
wherein the plurality of functional modules are divided into two
groups and arranged in two rows; the respective interface sides
thereof are arranged in such a way as to be adjacent to one
another, parallel to said linear direction; and one group of the
interface sides and the other group of interface sides are arranged
in such a way as to be oriented in the same direction, wherein, in
each of the respective interface sides of the one group and the
other group, one of the interface regions is disposed proximally
from the middle of the rows and the other interface region is
disposed distally from the middle of the rows, wherein, for each
group, both the signal lines and the power lines can be attached or
detached from one common side of the linear arrangement of the
functional modules, wherein the plurality of functional modules
includes at least a functional module having a monitoring circuit
that monitors a voltage and a current, a functional module having
an overvoltage protection circuit, and a functional module having
an inverter that converts a DC voltage into an AC voltage, and
wherein the functional module having a monitoring circuit connects
in a relaying manner the other functional modules with an overhead
line, and further comprising at least one functional module having
an interface side that has the second interface region but no first
interface region, wherein the second interface region in the
interface side of said functional module is situated in the
vicinity of one end the same as that in the vicinity of which the
second interface regions in the interface sides of the other
functional modules are situated.
16. A vehicle controller comprising: a plurality of functional
modules arranged in linear direction; and signal lines and power
lines connected with the functional modules, wherein one of the
sides of each of the plurality of functional modules is an
interface side provided with external signal-line terminals to
which the signal lines are connected and external power-line
terminals to which the power lines are connected, wherein each of
the interface sides is divided into a first interface region where
external signal-line terminals to which the signal lines are
connected are disposed and a second interface region where external
power-line terminals to which the power lines are connected are
disposed, wherein the plurality of functional modules is arranged
in such a way that the respective interface sides thereof are
adjacent to one another and parallel to said linear direction; the
first interface regions are disposed in the vicinity of one and the
same end; and the second interface regions are disposed in the
vicinity of the other and the same end, wherein both the signal
lines and the power lines can be attached or detached from one side
of the linear arrangement of the functional modules, and wherein
the plurality of functional modules includes a functional module
having a monitoring circuit that monitors a voltage and a current,
a functional module having an overvoltage protection circuit, a
functional module having an inverter that converts a DC voltage
into an AC voltage, and a functional module that connects the
overhead line and said functional modules, and further comprising
at least one functional module, as a control circuit, having an
interface side that has the first interface region but no second
interface region, wherein the first interface region in the
interface side of said functional module is situated in the
vicinity of one end the same as that in the vicinity of which the
first interface regions in the interface sides of the other
functional modules are situated.
17. The vehicle controller according to claim 5, wherein the
plurality of functional modules further includes a functional
module having a switch circuit that performs electrical connection
and disconnection, and wherein the functional module having a
monitoring circuit is connected in a relaying manner with the
overhead line, the functional module having a switch circuit, and
the other functional modules.
18. The vehicle controller according to claim 10, wherein each of
the functional modules has an interface side that is divided into
the upper portion in which one of the first interface region and
the second interface region is situated and the lower portion in
which the other of the first interface region and the second
interface region is situated, and wherein, in each of the interface
sides, the first interface region is disposed in the vicinity of
the bottom end thereof and the second interface region is disposed
in the vicinity of the top end thereof.
19. The vehicle controller according to claim 5, wherein the
plurality of functional modules further includes a functional
module having a switch circuit that performs electrical connection
and disconnection, and wherein the functional module having a
monitoring circuit is connected in a relaying manner with the
overhead line, the functional module having a switch circuit, and
the other functional modules.
20. The vehicle controller according to claim 16, wherein the
plurality of functional modules further includes a functional
module having a switch circuit that performs electrical connection
and disconnection, and wherein the functional module having a
monitoring circuit is connected in a relaying manner with the
overhead line, the functional module having a switch circuit, and
the other functional modules.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a vehicle controller that is
mounted, for example, in a box-shaped manner beneath the floor or
on the roof of a vehicle, and supplies electric power to vehicle
apparatuses or the like.
BACKGROUND ART
Vehicle apparatuses mounted beneath the floor of a vehicle have
been disclosed, e.g., in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 3.
Vehicle apparatuses mounted in a box-shaped manner on the roof of a
vehicle have been disclosed, e.g., in Patent Document 2. [Patent
Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Pub. No. 2001-258263 (FIG. 3)
[Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Pub. No. 1995-17396
(FIG. 3) [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Pub. No.
1993-199601 (FIGS. 1 and 2)
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
Problems to be Solved by the Invention
In a conventional technology disclosed in Patent Document 1,
although the arrangement of main components incorporated in a case
are described, the arrangement relationship among signal lines and
power lines that are electrically connected with the components is
scarcely described. In general, signal lines and power lines for
connecting components are randomly wired in practice. Accordingly,
there has been a problem that mounting components on or dismounting
components from the case is not readily performed, whereby
maintenance and inspection are not simply performed. Additionally,
because signal lines and power lines are randomly wired, the paths
of electromagnetic noise caused by semiconductor switches become
complex; therefore, there has been a problem that it is difficult
to select components in conformity with EMC (electromagnetic
compatibility) standards.
As a vehicle controller in which these problems are improved to
some extent, Patent Document 3 discloses a vehicle controller in
which signal lines and power lines are separately arranged. FIG. 15
is a cross-sectional view of a conventional vehicle controller
disclosed in Patent Document 3. An upper case 31 is fixed beneath
the floor of a vehicle 30 in such a way as to be mounted with
suspenders 40; a lower case 32 is fixed and mounted to the upper
case 31. A built-in apparatus unit 33, which is a main component of
the controller, is incorporated in the lower case 32. An inspection
cover 34 is provided in an openable and closable manner at one side
of the lower case 32. An inspection cover 35 is provided in an
openable and closable manner at the other side of the lower case
32. A power-line screw 36 is provided at one side of the built-in
apparatus unit 33; power lines 37 connected with the power-line
screw 36 are wired in the upper case 31.
A signal-line connector 38 for the built-in apparatus unit 33 is
provided at the other side of the built-in apparatus unit 33;
signal lines 39 connected with the signal-line connector 38 are
wired in the upper case 31. The group of power lines 37 and the
group of signal lines 39 are arranged apart from each other in the
upper case 31. Even in the case of the controller disclosed in
Patent Document 3, when the built-in apparatus unit 33 is mounted
or dismounted, work not only at one side but also at the other side
is required; therefore, there has been a problem that dismounting,
maintenance, and inspection are not simply performed, and in
particular, there has been a problem that it takes a long time to
perform emergency repair. Moreover, because the power lines 37 are
arranged at one side and the signal lines 39 are arranged at the
other side, mounting or dismounting of the built-in apparatus unit
33 is performed with low working efficiency from the bottom side of
the case; thus, there has been a problem that mounting or
dismounting of the built-in apparatus unit 33 is not readily
performed.
The present invention has been implemented in consideration of the
foregoing problems; the objective thereof is to provide a vehicle
controller that can simplify assembling and dismounting of the
controller, and can rationalize maintenance and inspection work for
maintaining the performance of the controller for a long time.
Means for Solving the Problems
A vehicle controller according to the present invention is provided
with a plurality of functional modules and signal lines and power
lines connected with the functional modules; one of the sides of
the functional modules module is an interface side provided with
signal-line terminals to which the signal lines are connected and
power-line terminals to which the power lines are connected; each
of the interface sides is divided into a first interface region
where signal-line terminals to which the signal lines are connected
are disposed and a second interface region where power-line
terminals to which the power lines are connected are disposed; the
plurality of functional modules is arranged in such a way that the
respective interface sides thereof are adjacent to one another and
oriented in the same direction; in each of the interface sides, the
first interface region is disposed in the vicinity of one and the
same end thereof and the second interface region is disposed in the
vicinity of the other and the same end; the signal lines and the
power lines can be attached or detached from one side; the
plurality of functional modules includes at least a functional
module having a monitoring circuit that monitors a voltage and a
current, a functional module having an overvoltage protection
circuit, and a functional module having an inverter that converts a
DC voltage into an AC voltage; the functional module having a
monitoring circuit connects in a relaying manner the other
functional modules with an overhead line.
A vehicle controller according to the present invention is provided
with a plurality of functional modules and signal lines and power
lines connected with the functional modules; one of the sides of
the functional modules is an interface side provided with
signal-line terminals to which the signal lines are connected and
power-line terminals to which the power lines are connected; each
of the interface sides is divided into a first interface region
where signal-line terminals to which the signal lines are connected
are disposed and a second interface region where power-line
terminals to which the power lines are connected are disposed; the
plurality of functional modules is divided into two groups and
arranged in two rows; the plurality of functional modules is
arranged in such a way that the respective interface sides thereof
are adjacent to one another and oriented in the same direction; one
group of the interface sides and the other group of interface sides
are arranged in such a way as to face each other; each of the
interface sides of the one group and the other group are disposed
in such a way that the respective first interface regions are
arranged in the vicinity of one and the same end and the respective
second interface regions are arranged in the vicinity of the other
and the same end; for each group, the signal lines and the power
lines can be attached or detached from one side; the plurality of
functional modules includes at least a functional module having a
monitoring circuit that monitors a voltage and a current, a
functional module having an overvoltage protection circuit, and a
functional module having an inverter that converts a DC voltage
into an AC voltage; the functional module having a monitoring
circuit connects in a relaying manner the other functional modules
with an overhead line.
A vehicle controller according to the present invention is provided
with a plurality of functional modules and signal lines and power
lines connected with the functional modules; one of the sides of
the functional modules is an interface side provided with
signal-line terminals to which the signal lines are connected and
power-line terminals to which the power lines are connected; each
of the interface sides is divided into a first interface region
where signal-line terminals to which the signal lines are connected
are disposed and a second interface region where power-line
terminals to which the power lines are connected are disposed; the
plurality of functional modules is divided into two groups and
arranged in two rows; the plurality of functional modules is
arranged in such a way that the respective interface sides thereof
are adjacent to one another and oriented in the same direction; one
group of the interface sides and the other group of interface sides
are arranged in such a way as to be oriented in the same direction;
in each of the respective interface sides of the one group and the
other group, one of the interface regions is disposed proximally
from the middle of the rows and the other interface region is
disposed distally from the middle of the rows; for each group, the
signal lines and the power lines can be attached or detached from
one side; the plurality of functional modules includes at least a
functional module having a monitoring circuit that monitors a
voltage and a current, a functional module having an overvoltage
protection circuit, and a functional module having an inverter that
converts a DC voltage into an AC voltage; the functional module
having a monitoring circuit connects in a relaying manner the other
functional modules with an overhead line.
Moreover, a vehicle controller according to the present invention
is provided with a plurality of functional modules and signal lines
and power lines connected with the functional modules; one of the
sides of the functional modules is an interface side provided with
signal-line terminals to which the signal lines are connected and
power-line terminals to which the power lines are connected; each
of the interface sides is divided into a first interface region
where signal-line terminals to which the signal lines are connected
are disposed and a second interface region where power-line
terminals to which the power lines are connected are disposed; the
plurality of functional modules is arranged in such a way that the
respective interface sides thereof are adjacent to one another and
oriented in the same direction; the first interface regions are
disposed in the vicinity of one and the same end; the second
interface regions are disposed in the vicinity of the other and the
same end; the signal lines and the power lines can be attached or
detached from one side; the plurality of functional modules
includes a functional module having a monitoring circuit that
monitors a voltage and a current, a functional module having an
overvoltage protection circuit, and a functional module having an
inverter that converts a DC voltage into an AC voltage; and a
functional module that connects the overhead line and said
functional modules.
Advantages of the Invention
In a vehicle controller according to the present invention, one of
the sides of the functional modules is an interface side provided
with signal-line terminals to which the signal lines are connected
and power-line terminals to which the power lines are connected;
each of the interface sides is divided into a first interface
region where signal-line terminals to which the signal lines are
connected are disposed and a second interface region where
power-line terminals to which the power lines are connected are
disposed; the plurality of functional modules is arranged in such a
way that the respective interface sides thereof are adjacent to one
another and oriented in the same direction; in each of the
interface sides, the first interface region is disposed in the
vicinity of one and the same end thereof and the second interface
region is disposed in the vicinity of the other and the same end;
the signal lines and the power lines can be attached or detached
from one side; the plurality of functional modules includes at
least a functional module having a monitoring circuit that monitors
a voltage and a current, a functional module having an overvoltage
protection circuit, and a functional module having an inverter that
converts a DC voltage into an AC voltage; the functional module
having a monitoring circuit connects in a relaying manner the other
functional modules with an overhead line. As a result, wiring paths
are simplified and wiring work is simplified; thus, assembling and
dismounting of the controller can be simplified, and maintenance
and inspection work for maintaining the performance of the
controller for a long time can be rationalized. In particular,
attaching and detaching of the power lines and the signal lines
that are connected to the functional modules are performed from one
side and thereby rationalized. The functional module having a,
monitoring circuit can perform a relaying connection function as
well as various kinds of monitoring functions; therefore, the
functional modules can be rationalized.
In a vehicle controller according to the present invention, one of
the sides of the functional modules is an interface side provided
with signal-line terminals to which the signal lines are connected
and power-line terminals to which the power lines are connected;
each of the interface sides is divided into a first interface
region where signal-line terminals to which the signal lines are
connected are disposed and a second interface region where
power-line terminals to which the power lines are connected are
disposed; the plurality of functional modules is divided into two
groups and arranged in two rows; the plurality of functional
modules is arranged in such a way that the respective interface
sides thereof are adjacent to one another and oriented in the same
direction; one group of the interface sides and the other group of
interface sides are arranged in such a way as to face each other;
each of the interface sides of the one group and the other group
are disposed in such a way that the respective first interface
regions are arranged in the vicinity of one and the same end and
the respective second interface regions are arranged in the
vicinity of the other and the same end; for each group, the signal
lines and the power lines can be attached or detached from one
side; the plurality of functional modules includes at least a
functional module having a monitoring circuit that monitors a
voltage and a current, a functional module having an overvoltage
protection circuit, and a functional module having an inverter that
converts a DC voltage into an AC voltage; the functional module
having a monitoring circuit connects in a relaying manner the other
functional modules with an overhead line. As a, result, wiring work
is simplified; thus, assembling and dismounting of the controller
can be simplified, and maintenance and inspection work for
maintaining the performance of the controller for a long time can
be rationalized. In particular, attaching and detaching of the
power lines and the signal lines that are connected to the
functional modules are performed from one side and thereby
rationalized. The functional module having a monitoring circuit can
perform a relaying connection function as well as various kinds of
monitoring functions; therefore, the functional modules can be
rationalized.
In a vehicle controller according to the present invention, one of
the sides of the functional modules is an interface side provided
with signal-line terminals to which the signal lines are connected
and power-line terminals to which the power lines are connected;
each of the interface sides is divided into a first interface
region where signal-line terminals to which the signal lines are
connected are disposed and a second interface region where
power-line terminals to which the power lines are connected are
disposed; the plurality of functional modules is divided into two
groups and arranged in two rows; the plurality of functional
modules is arranged in such a way that the respective interface
sides thereof are adjacent to one another and oriented in the same
direction; one group of the interface sides and the other group of
interface sides are arranged in such a way as to be oriented in the
same direction; in each of the respective interface sides of the
one group and the other group, one of the interface regions is
disposed proximally from the middle of the rows and the other
interface region is disposed distally from the middle of the rows;
for each group, the signal lines and the power lines can be
attached or detached from one side; the plurality of functional
modules includes at least a functional module having a monitoring
circuit that monitors a voltage and a current, a functional module
having an overvoltage protection circuit, and a functional module
having an inverter that converts a DC voltage into an AC voltage;
the functional module having a monitoring circuit connects in a
relaying manner the other functional modules with an overhead line.
As a result, wiring work is simplified; thus, assembling and
dismounting of the controller can be simplified, and maintenance
and inspection work for maintaining the performance of the
controller for a long time can be rationalized. In particular,
attaching and detaching of the power lines and the signal lines
that are connected to the functional modules are performed from one
side and thereby rationalized. The functional module having a
monitoring circuit can perform a relaying connection function as
well as various kinds of monitoring functions; therefore, the
functional modules can be rationalized.
Moreover, in a vehicle controller, according to the present
invention, provided with a plurality of functional modules and
signal lines and power lines connected with the functional modules,
one of the sides of the functional modules is an interface side
provided with signal-line terminals to which the signal lines are
connected and power-line terminals to which the power lines are
connected; each of the interface sides is divided into a first
interface region where signal-line terminals to which the signal
lines are connected are disposed and a second interface region
where power-line terminals to which the power lines are connected
are disposed; the plurality of functional modules is arranged in
such a way that the respective interface sides thereof are adjacent
to one another and oriented in the same direction; the first
interface regions are disposed in the vicinity of one and the same
end; the second interface regions are disposed in the vicinity of
the other and the same end; the signal lines and the power lines
can be attached or detached from one side; and the plurality of
functional modules includes a functional module having a monitoring
circuit that monitors a voltage and a current, a functional module
having an overvoltage protection circuit, and a functional module
having an inverter that converts a DC voltage into an AC voltage;
and a functional module that connects the overhead line and said
functional modules. As a result, wiring work is simplified; thus,
assembling and dismounting of the controller can be simplified, and
maintenance and inspection work for maintaining the performance of
the controller for a long time can be rationalized. In particular,
attaching and detaching of the power lines and the signal lines
that are connected to the functional modules are performed from one
side and thereby rationalized. The functional module that connects
the overhead line and the foregoing functional modules can perform
a relaying connection function; therefore, the functional modules
can be rationalized.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a vehicle controller
according to a basic technology for the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit block diagram illustrating a specific example
of the vehicle controller illustrated in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating the interface side of a
functional module according to the basic technology;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle controller according
to the basic technology;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a vehicle controller
according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a circuit block diagram illustrating a specific example
of the vehicle controller illustrated in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a vehicle controller
according to Embodiment 2;
FIG. 8 is an explanatory chart representing the shortening of a
lead time between the design and the production of a vehicle
controller;
FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a vehicle controller
according to Embodiment 3;
FIG. 10 is a chart for explaining the addition and replacement of
functional modules according to an embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating a vehicle controller
according to Embodiment 4;
FIG. 12 is a perspective contour view illustrating another vehicle
controller, according to Embodiment 5, with the case thereof
removed;
FIG. 13 is a perspective contour view illustrating a vehicle
controller, according to Embodiment 5, covered with a case;
FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating a vehicle controller
according to Embodiment 6; and
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional vehicle
controller.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Basic Technology
A basic technology for the present invention will be explained with
reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a
vehicle controller according to a basic technology. FIG. 1
illustrates also a number of divided functional modules. At first,
the configuration of the vehicle controller in FIG. 1 will be
explained. Reference numeral 1 denotes an overhead line; reference
numeral 2 denotes a vehicle-controller main body that is connected
with the overhead line 1 (the overhead-line side and the ground
side) via a group of input terminals 3. Reference characters 4A to
4E denote functional modules; the functional modules 4A to 4E
include respective first interface regions 5A to 5E in each of
which signal-line terminals are integrated. The functional modules
4A to 4D other than the functional module 4E include respective
second interface regions 6A to 6D in each of which power-line
terminals are integrated. Some terminals are designated with
characters a, b, or c.
Reference numeral 7 denotes a reactor that is connected with the
vehicle-controller main body 2 via a group of terminals 9.
Reference numeral 8 denotes a transformer (insulated transformer)
that is connected with the vehicle-controller main body 2 via a
group of terminals 10a and a group of terminals 10b. Reference
numeral 11 denotes a group of output terminals of the
vehicle-controller main body 2. Reference numeral 12 denotes a wire
bundle housing (wiring duct) that contains a bundle of wires and
has a function of bundling signal lines. Reference numeral 13
denotes a group of control input terminals for transmitting
information to and receiving information from an unillustrated
controller that controls the vehicle controller from a higher
hierarchy.
Respective main functions of the functional modules will be
explained. The functional module 4A is a switch circuit having a
function of performing electrical connection with and disconnection
from the overhead line 1 (a DC power source, in this case). The
functional module 4B has a function of performing charging and
discharging of a DC voltage and a space where there can be
disposed, as may be necessary, an apparatus (e.g., a core) that can
suppress electromagnetic noise. The functional module 4C has a
function of converting a DC voltage into an AC voltage. The
functional module 4D has a function of performing connection with
and disconnection from loads that are connected with the group of
output terminals 11 and a space where there can be disposed, as may
be necessary, an apparatus (e.g., a core) that can suppress
electromagnetic noise. In general, the loads include a vehicle
illumination apparatus, an air conditioner, and the like. The
functional module 4E is a control circuit that has, as constituent
elements, a control circuit board and a relay circuit and controls
the whole vehicle controller, in accordance with a signal that is
transmitted via the group of control input terminals 13 from the
higher-hierarchy controller. The vehicle controller is utilized,
for example, as an auxiliary power source apparatus.
FIG. 2 is a circuit configuration diagram for the vehicle
controller illustrated in FIG. 1. An example will be illustrated in
which the foregoing circuit configuration is divided in accordance
with the functional definitions of the functional modules 4A to 4E.
Respective components that are important as constituent elements of
the functional modules 4 will be explained. For the functional
module 4A, a switch 14 is an important component. The functional
module 4B is a charging and discharging circuit including a
reverse-blocking semiconductor switch 15, a charging resistor 16, a
discharging switch 17, and a discharging resistor 18. The
functional module 4C is an inverter that has a capacitor 19 and a
switching circuit 20. The functional module 4D is a contactor 21
that permits and prohibits the supply of electric power to loads.
In addition, in FIG. 2, for example, a voltage sensor, a current
sensor, and the like are not illustrated.
In the case where, as described above, the foregoing circuit
configuration is divided in accordance with the functional
definitions of the functional modules 4A to 4E, an apparatus that
generates electromagnetic noise most, i.e., an inverter is
integrated in the functional module 4C, and the functional modules
4B and 4D can have a noise filtering function, as may be necessary.
The functional modules 4 are designed in such a way that, in the
case where the functional modules 4 are arranged as illustrated in
FIGS. 1 and 2, and the second interface region 6 of a given
functional module 4 and the second interface region 6 of another
functional module 4 are connected by means of a power line, in the
case of FIGS. 1 to 3, the number of power lines for connecting the
respective functional modules 4 is only one for a direct current,
or the number of pairs (e.g., three-phase alternate current) is
only one for multi-phase alternate current, in the case of the
power lines other than power lines whose electric potentials become
equal to the electric potential of the overhead line or the
electric potential of the ground. In other words, the functional
modules 4 are designed in such a way that each of the functional
modules 4 is single-input or single-pair-input and single-output or
single-pair-output.
As in the basic technology, a plurality of functional modules,
i.e., a functional module as a switch circuit, a functional module
as a charging and discharging circuit, a functional module as an
inverter, and a functional module as a contactor are connected with
one another in that order, so that each of the functional modules
4B, 4C, and 4D becomes single-input or single-pair-input and
single-output or single-pair-output. By configuring the vehicle
auxiliary power source apparatus in such a manner as described
above, an electric current inputted from the overhead line 1 flows
in one direction through the functional modules arranged in the
vehicle auxiliary power source apparatus, until the electric
current is outputted from the vehicle auxiliary power source
apparatus; therefore, the wiring path of a power line between the
functional modules can be shortened. Moreover, in the case where
there occurs a trouble in a certain function of the vehicle
controller, the number of the functional modules 4 to be inspected
or replaced can be suppressed to a limited number; thus, inspection
or replacement can be performed readily and in a short time,
whereby the vehicle controller can rapidly be restored.
Additionally, because the functional module 4C that becomes a main
source of electromagnetic noise is connected only with the
functional module 4D via the transformer 8 and the functional
module 4B and not connected with the other functional modules, the
auxiliary power source apparatus can put noise sources together in
a single place; therefore, the electromagnetic noise can
effectively be suppressed, and the noise source can readily be
located, whereby EMC measures can effectively be carried out. By
connecting the functional module 4E as a control circuit in such a
manner as illustrated in FIG. 1, the functional module 4E can be
disposed far a way from the functional module 4C that generates
electromagnetic noise.
Because, as described above, the vehicle controller utilized as an
auxiliary power source apparatus is divided into a functional
module having a switch circuit, a functional module having a
charging and discharging circuit, a functional module having an
inverter, and a functional module having a contactor, not only
maintenance and inspection can be performed function by function
and thereby rapidly, but also apparatuses that are main sources of
electromagnetic noise are put together in a functional module
having an inverter; therefore, EMC measures can effectively be
carried out.
In FIG. 3, there is illustrated an interface side 22, of a certain
functional module 4, that has the first interface region 5 and the
second interface region 6 at the same side. Signal-line terminals
are integrated in the first interface region 5, and power-line
terminals are integrated in the second interface region 6. In
addition, reference numeral 51 denotes a bundle of signal lines
wired in the functional module 4. Additionally, as illustrated in
FIG. 3, the first interface region 5 and the second interface
region 6 are physically separated at a portion indicated by the
dotted line; in FIG. 3, the first interface region 5 is disposed in
the vicinity of the bottom end of the functional module 4, and the
second interface region 6 is disposed in the vicinity of the top
end of the functional module 4. Although the top and bottom
relationship may be reversed, it is required that the top and
bottom relationship is maintained throughout the functional modules
4 (except for functional modules 4E, 4Q, and 4R, and the functional
modules 4Q and 4R are described later). As illustrated in FIG. 3,
all the functional modules (except for the functional module 4E)
utilized in Embodiment 1 in FIG. 1 are designed in accordance with
a preliminarily unified designing rule.
That is to say, in the preliminarily unified designing rule of the
basic technology, each of the functional modules having signal-line
terminals and power-line terminals has an interface side, at one
side thereof, where the first interface region in which the
signal-line terminals are integrated and the second interface
region in which the power-line terminals are integrated are
divided. In addition to that, in common with the other functional
modules, each functional module has an interface side where the
first interface region is disposed in the vicinity of one end and
the second interface region is disposed in the vicinity of the
other end. Herein, the foregoing designing method is referred to as
prearrangement design.
It is not necessarily required that, in the functional module, an
interface side having the first interface region and an interface
side having the second interface region are situated at the same
plane. For example, there may be a situation in which the first
interface region and the second interface region are at the same
side of the function module, but one of the regions is recessed,
i.e., there exists a level difference between the first interface
region and the second interface region; what matters is that the
respective interface sides having the first and second interface
regions are situated at one and the same side of the functional
module.
It is not necessarily required that, among a plurality of
functional modules, the respective interface sides are on the same
plane. However, in the case where the respective first interface
regions of the functional modules are on the same plane and the
second interface regions of the functional modules are on the same
plane, the arrangement of the interface regions is optimal. In this
case, the paths of wires are simplified most, and shortening of the
wire length and simplification of the power line process enable
low-cost and lightweight power lines to be utilized.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle controller according
to the basic technology. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a
vehicle controller in which the respective interface sides 22 of a
plurality of functional modules 4 are arranged in such a way as to
be adjacent to one another and to be oriented in the same
direction, the respective first interface regions are arranged in
the vicinity of one and the same end (in the vicinity of the bottom
end, in FIG. 4), and the respective second interface regions are
arranged in the vicinity of the other and the same end (in the
vicinity of the top end, in FIG. 4). In this case, there is
provided a desirable structure in which the respective interface
sides 22 of a plurality of functional modules 4 are on one and the
same plane. The functional modules 4 are placed in or enclosed by a
functional-module frame 52 and fixed by means of bolts 53 to the
case 25 that incorporates the functional modules, so that the
functional modules 4 can be mounted and dismounted module by
module.
In terms of working efficiency in mounting and dismounting of the
functional modules 4, it is desirable that the size (the diameter
of the bolt) of the bolt 53 is the same as that (the diameter of
the bolt) of a power-line terminal bolt 54. The foregoing method
allows wrenches only in one and the same size to be prepared for
the power-line terminal bolt 54 and the bolt 53 when the functional
modules 4 are mounted or dismounted; therefore, the working
efficiency is raised. Reference numeral 55 denotes a signal-line
terminal bolt or connector. Reference numeral 56 denotes a cooling
fin for the functional module. Reference numeral 40 denotes a
suspender for fixing the vehicle controller to a vehicle body.
In the basic technology, a plurality of functional modules is
arranged in such a way that the respective interface sides thereof
are adjacent to one another and oriented in the same direction.
There may be a large or small gap between the functional modules.
Because the vehicle controller is configured with a plurality of
functional modules 4 each having the interface side 22 according to
a preliminarily unified designing rule; therefore, the units of
maintenance and inspection are integrated function by function,
whereby maintenance and inspection can be rationalized. In other
words, a plurality of functional modules is arranged in such a way
that the interface sides in which power-line terminals or
signal-line terminals are integrated are oriented in the same
direction; therefore, attaching and detaching of the power lines
and the signal lines that are connected to the functional modules
are performed from one direction, e.g., from one side. In FIG. 4,
the mounting and dismounting work are performed from an inspection
cover 57 side after the inspection cover 57 is removed. Because
mounting the functional module 4 to and dismounting the functional
module 4 from the vehicle-controller case can be performed from a
side, of the vehicle-controller case 25, where the working space is
large and the working efficiency is high, the mounting and
dismounting work can be rationalized. In FIG. 4, the power lines
and the signal lines can be removed from one side, and the
functional modules 4 can be removed from the vehicle-controller
case 25 from the other sides.
Because the first interface region 5 and the second interface
region 6 are arranged, for example, separately at the upper
location and at the lower location, electromagnetic interference
between the signal lines and the power lines can effectively be
suppressed, and the path of electromagnetic noise can readily be
located. That is to say, the effect of EMC measures can stably be
obtained. Moreover, because the number of the power lines can be
reduced, the number of working processes required for assembly,
dismounting, maintenance, and inspection can be decreased.
As can be seen from FIG. 1, the functional module 4E is an extra
functional module having an interface side that includes the first
interface region 5E but no second interface region. The first
interface region 5E at the interface side of the extra functional
module 4E is disposed at the same side (in the vicinity of the
bottom end, in this case) as that where the first interface regions
5A to 5D at the interface sides of the other functional modules 4A
to 4D are arranged. In the functional module 4E, there are
integrated components, such as a control circuit board and a relay,
which affect the normal operation of the whole controller when they
erroneously operate due to noise, in particular. As a result, the
foregoing components can considerably be separated from the power
lines, and noise measures can be provided intensively in the
functional module 4E.
As described above, as is the case with the other functional
modules 4A to 4D, assembly, dismounting, maintenance, and
inspection can be rationalized in the functional module 4E. Because
the first interface region BE is disposed at the same side as that
where the first interface regions 5A and 5D are arranged, the
effect of EMC measures can stably be obtained.
Moreover, as illustrated in FIG. 3, by utilizing terminals having
the same shape as the power-line terminals that configure the
second interface regions 6 of a plurality of functional modules 4,
the diameters of cables as power lines that connect the second
interface regions 6 of the functional modules 4 one another or the
width and the thickness of the conductor bus bar can be
unified.
In Embodiment 1, the signal line includes, for example, a wire (and
the material thereof) for transmitting and receiving control
signals for the semiconductor switching devices, a power-source
signal of 100 V or lower, a relay output signal, and the input and
output signals of a sensor. The power line denotes wires (and the
materials thereof) that are not included in the signal lines.
The foregoing basic technology is utilized as a common technology
for embodiments that are described below with regard to the matters
other than a circuit configuration.
Embodiment 1
Embodiment 1 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 5 to 6. FIG.
5 is a block diagram illustrating a vehicle controller according to
Embodiment 1. FIGS. 1 and 2 in the foregoing basic technology
illustrate circuit configurations at the time when a vehicle
illumination device or an air conditioner is mainly taken into
account as a load; however, FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate circuit
configurations (VVVF) at the time when a vehicle driving motor is
taken into account as a load. FIG. 5 illustrates also a number of
divided functional modules. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 1 denotes
an overhead line; reference numeral 2 denotes a vehicle-controller
main body that is connected with the overhead line 1 (the
overhead-line side and the ground side) via a group of input
terminals 3. Reference characters 4K, 4L, 4M, 4N, and 4E denote
functional modules; the functional modules 4K, 4L, 4M, 4N, and 4E
include respective first interface regions 5K, 5L, 5M, 5N, and 5E
in each of which signal-line terminals are integrated. The
functional modules 4K, 4L, 4M, and 4N other than the functional
module 4E include respective second interface regions 6K, 6L, 6M,
and 6N in each of which power-line terminals are integrated.
Reference numeral 7 denotes a reactor that is connected with the
vehicle-controller main body 2 via a group of terminals 9.
Reference numeral 31 denotes a motor that is connected with the
vehicle-controller main body 2 via a group of terminals 10a and a
group of terminals 10b. Reference numeral 12 denotes a wire bundle
housing (wiring duct) that contains a bundle of signal lines.
Reference numeral 13 denotes a group of control input terminals for
transmitting information to and receiving information from an
unillustrated controller that controls the vehicle controller from
a higher hierarchy.
Respective main functions of the functional modules will be
explained. The functional module 4K is a switch circuit having a
function of performing electrical connection with and disconnection
from the overhead line 1 (a DC power source, in this case). The
functional module 4L includes, as constituent elements, a voltage
sensor, a current sensor, and the like, and has a function of
monitoring voltage and current operation statuses of the vehicle
controller and a function of relaying connection from one
functional module to another. The functional module 4N includes, as
constituent elements, a switching unit and a resistor, and has a
function of suppressing an overvoltage. The functional module 4M
has a function of converting a DC voltage into an AC voltage. The
functional module 4E is a control circuit that controls the whole
vehicle controller, in accordance with a signal that is transmitted
from the higher-hierarchy controller.
FIG. 6 is a circuit configuration diagram for the vehicle
controller illustrated in FIG. 5. An example will be illustrated in
which the foregoing circuit configuration is divided in accordance
with the functional definitions of the functional modules 4K, 4L,
4M, 4N, and 4E. Respective components that are important as
constituent elements of the functional modules 4 will be explained.
For the functional module 4K, a switch 32, a charging contactor 33,
and a charging resistor 34 are important components. For the
functional module 4L, important components are a current sensor 35
and a voltage sensor 36 that are monitoring circuits and monitor
the overhead-line current and the overhead-line voltage,
respectively; a difference current sensor 37 that detects whether
or not there exists a leakage current, bases on the difference
between a positive current and a negative current; a ground switch
38; a voltage sensor 40 that monitors the DC voltage of a switching
circuit 39; and a core 41 that absorbs an unnecessary
electromagnetic wave. The functional module 4M is an inverter that
has a capacitor 42, a switching circuit 39, and a discharging
resistor 43. The functional module 4N is an overvoltage protection
circuit that has a switching unit 44, a resistor 45, and a voltage
sensor 46. In FIG. 6, the voltage sensor 46 is disposed in the
functional module 4N; however, the voltage sensor 46 may be
disposed in the functional module 4L. In addition, in FIG. 6, some
components, for example, some of voltage sensors, current sensors,
and the like are not illustrated. In addition, some vehicles belong
to a type (described in detail with reference to FIG. 7) in which
the functional module 4K having a switching circuit is disposed
outside the vehicle-controller main body.
The functional module 4L as a monitoring circuit connects the
overhead line 1, the reactor 7, the functional module 4K as a
switch circuit, the functional module 4N as an overvoltage
protection circuit, and the functional module 4M as an inverter so
as to perform a function of relaying connection, and performs
various kinds of monitoring functions at the connection points. As
described above, the functional module 4L as a monitoring circuit
can perform the connection function as well as various kinds of
monitoring functions; therefore, the functional modules can be
rationalized. In the case where there occurs a trouble in a certain
functional module 4 of the vehicle controller according to
Embodiment 1, the number of the functional modules 4 to be
inspected or replaced can always be suppressed to a small number;
thus, inspection or replacement can be performed readily and in a
short time, whereby the vehicle controller can rapidly be
restored.
As is the case with the basic technology in FIG. 3, in Embodiment
1, each of the functional modules 4 has the interface side 22 (in
FIG. 3) that has the first interface region 5 and the second
interface region 6 at the same side. Signal-line terminals are
integrated in the first interface region 5, and power-line
terminals are integrated in the second interface region 6. As
illustrated in FIG. 3, all the functional modules (except for the
functional module 4E) utilized in Embodiment 1 are designed in
accordance with a preliminarily unified designing rule.
That is to say, as is the case with the basic technology, in the
preliminarily unified designing rule of the basic technology, each
of the functional modules having signal-line terminals and
power-line terminals has an interface side, at one side thereof,
where the first interface region in which the signal-line terminals
are integrated and the second interface region in which the
power-line terminals are integrated are divided; in each of the
interface sides, the first interface region is disposed in the
vicinity of one and the same end and the second interface region 6
is disposed in the vicinity of the other and the same end.
Because, in Embodiment 1, the vehicle-controller main body is
configured with a plurality of functional modules having the
interface sides, according to a preliminarily unified designing
rule, which are arranged in such a way as to be oriented in the
same direction; therefore, the units of maintenance and inspection
are integrated function by function, whereby maintenance and
inspection can be rationalized. Additionally, electromagnetic
interference between the signal lines and the power lines can
effectively be suppressed. Moreover, because the number of the
power lines can be reduced, the number of working processes
required for assembly, dismounting, maintenance, and inspection can
be decreased.
The functional module 4E is an extra functional module having an
interface side that includes the first interface region 5E but no
second interface region. The first interface region 5E at the
interface side of the extra functional module 4E is disposed at the
same side as that where the first interface regions 5K, 5L, 5M, and
5N at the interface sides of the other functional modules 4K, 4L,
4M, and 4N are arranged. As a result, the effect of EMC measures
can stably be obtained.
In addition, in the case where there exists an extra functional
module having an interface side that includes the second interface
region 6 but no first interface region, the second interface region
6 is disposed at the same side as that where the second interface
regions 6 of the other functional modules are disposed. As a
result, the effect of EMC measures can stably be obtained.
Embodiment 2
FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a vehicle controller
according to Embodiment 2. In addition, in each of the figures, the
same reference marks indicate the same or equivalent constituent
elements, and explanations therefor will be omitted. The same
applies hereinafter. In FIG. 7, there is illustrated a
configuration in which the functional module 4K, which is contained
in the case of the controller main body in the case of FIG. 5, is
separated from the controller main body. In FIG. 7, reference
numeral 52 denotes a switch circuit similar to the functional
module 4K. In addition, reference numeral 53 denotes a signal line
connected with the functional module 4E. Reference numeral 54
denotes a group of terminals.
In Embodiment 2, the functional module 4L as a monitoring circuit
connects the overhead line 1, the reactor 7, the switch circuit 52,
the functional module 4N as an overvoltage protection circuit, and
the functional module 4M as an inverter so as to perform a function
of relaying connection, and performs various kinds of monitoring
functions at the connection points. As described above, the
functional module 4L as a monitoring circuit can perform the
connection function as well as various kinds of monitoring
functions; therefore, the functional modules can be rationalized.
As described in Embodiment 2, the vehicle controller is configured
by combining functional modules that are functionally made to be
non-interferable; therefore, when the addition, removal, and
improvement of a functional module are performed, design change in
the other functional modules is not caused. As a result, addition,
removal, and improvement of the switch circuit in the controller
main body can be performed without affecting the configurations and
the structures of the other functional modules 4L, 4M, 4N, and
4E.
The functional modules are designed in such a way that they are
separated from one another (they do not interfere with one another)
in terms of a function, so that, in performing maintenance when the
controller fails, only the functional modules in trouble are
inspected or replaced, without inspecting or replacing the other
functional modules; thus, the controller can rapidly be
restored.
Because the case and the functional modules of the vehicle
controller are separated in terms of a function and can be produced
independently from one another, the case of the controller and the
functional modules can be produced at the same time; therefore, the
lead time can be shortened. Moreover, because the case and the
functional modules of the vehicle controller are separated in terms
of a function and can be designed independently from one another,
design change in a certain functional module does not cause design
change in the other functional modules. The case of the controller
and the functional modules can be designed at the same time;
therefore, the designing time can be shortened. Still moreover, the
case of the controller and the functional modules can be designed
independently from one another; thus, design outsourcing can
readily be carried out.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory chart representing the shortening of a
lead time between the design and the production of a vehicle
controller. To date, a functional module 1, a functional module 2,
a functional module 3, and a case have been designed and
manufactured in series; however, because, in Embodiment 2, the
functional module 1, the functional module 2, the functional module
3, and the case are separated and can be designed and manufactured
in parallel, the designing time and the production time can be
shortened.
The vehicle controller according to Embodiment 2 is configured by
combining functional modules that are mechanically separated from
one another; therefore, when the addition, removal, and improvement
of a functional module are performed in accordance with the
requirement of a vehicle operating company, design change in the
other functional modules is not caused. Accordingly, although, in a
vehicle controller, functions are combined in various manners
depending on a product, the addition, removal, and improvement of a
functional module can readily be performed in accordance with the
function required for each product of vehicle controllers;
therefore, various requirements can readily be dealt with, whereby
design change can be rationalized. Moreover, even if a certain
component fails or the production of a maintenance component is
ended, it is possible to redesign and replace only the functional
module related to the component; thus, a risk of posing a problem
for the operation of the vehicle can be suppressed.
Embodiment 3
FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a vehicle controller
according to Embodiment 3. The replacement and addition of the
functional modules 4 will mainly be explained. Embodiment 3
describes a case where the functional module 4N is replaced by a
functional module 4P (overvoltage protection circuit) having a
function of making a switching device control energy to be
dissipated by a brake resistor so as to suppress an overvoltage of
the switching circuit 39. Additionally, as functional modules to be
added, there will be described a functional module 4Q (CCOS:
control circuit cut out switch) having a switching function of
separating vehicle circuits and control circuits and a functional
module 4R (train information management system) having a function
of managing train information and issuing respective commands to
apparatuses mounted on the vehicle. In addition, reference numerals
50 and 51 denote a brake resistor and a group of connection
terminals therefor, respectively.
FIG. 9 describes a case where the functional module 4N, as an
overvoltage protection circuit, in FIG. 5 is replaced by a
functional module 4P, as an overvoltage protection circuit, that is
disposed at the right side, in FIG. 9, of the functional module 4M.
The circuit configuration may be arbitrary, as long as the circuit
discharges an overvoltage; in the case of FIG. 9, the brake
resistor 50 is utilized. The circuit configuration of the
functional module 4Q may be arbitrary, as long as the circuit
separates vehicle circuits from control circuits.
In Embodiment 3, the functional module 4L as a monitoring circuit
connects the overhead line 1, the reactor 7, the functional module
4K as a switch circuit, the functional module 4M as an inverter,
and the functional module 4P as an overvoltage protection circuit
so as to perform a function of relaying connection, and performs
various kinds of monitoring functions at the connection points. As
described above, the functional module 4L as a monitoring circuit
can perform the connection function as well as various kinds of
monitoring functions; therefore, the functional modules can be
rationalized.
As described above, even in the case where the functional module 4P
for the replacement and the functional modules 4Q and 4R for the
addition are utilized, by making the functional modules
non-interferable and utilizing the unified designing rule of the
basic technology in the same manner, the functional module 4P for
the replacement and the functional modules 4Q and 4R for the
addition can be utilized, without changing any configurations of
the other functional modules 4. In other words, in expanding the
function of the vehicle controller, the structure design can be
simplified. Moreover, because the original functional modules 4 are
not changed, the reliabilities of the functional modules 4 are
maintained as they are.
As described in Embodiments 1, 2, and 3, by dividing the functional
modules in accordance with functional definitions, the functional
modules can be divided in to functional units required by a vehicle
operating company; by combining the functional modules, the
functional requirements of the vehicle operating company can
readily be dealt with. FIG. 10 is a chart for explaining the
addition and replacement of functional modules according to an
embodiment. For example, in some cases, a functional module 4Ma is
added to Embodiment 1 illustrated in FIG. 5 in order to increase
the capacity. In this case, there exists the functional module 4L
having a relay function and the functional module 4Ma is separated
from the other functional modules in terms of a function;
therefore, only by connecting the functional module 4Ma to be added
with the functional module 4L, the requirement can be dealt with,
without causing any design change in the other functional
modules.
Additionally, as a functional module having a relay function, the
functional module 4L having a monitoring circuit is utilized in
Embodiments 1, 2, and 3; however, instead of the functional module
as a monitoring circuit, a functional module having a relay
function may be provided.
Additionally, it is required to dispose one of the functional
modules 4N and 4P in the case 25 of the vehicle controller, in
accordance with the functional requirement of a vehicle operating
company (FIGS. 5 and 9). Also in this case, there exists the
functional module 4L having a relay function and the functional
module 4N and 4P are separated from the other functional modules in
terms of a function; therefore, only by connecting the functional
module 4N or 4P, required in accordance with the requirement of the
vehicle operating company, with the functional module 4L, the
requirement can be dealt with, without causing any design change in
the other functional modules.
Furthermore, in some cases, the functional module 4K is disposed
inside the case 25 of the vehicle controller (FIG. 5), and in some
cases, the functional module 4K is disposed outside the case 25 of
the vehicle controller (FIG. 7). By defining the functional module
4K as described above, the functional module 4K is separated from
the other functional modules in terms of a function; therefore, the
functional module 4K can be disposed inside or outside the case 25
of the vehicle controller, without causing any design change in the
other functional modules.
That is to say, the addition, removal, and replacement of a
functional module can readily be performed through the following
method:
(1) The functional modules are divided in accordance with
functional units required by a customer.
(2) Each of the functional modules is separated from the other
functional modules.
(3) A functional module that performs a relay function is provided
(by connecting a necessary functional module with the functional
module 4L, the customer requirement can flexibly be dealt
with).
Embodiment 4
FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating a vehicle controller
according to Embodiment 4. In FIG. 9, all the functional modules
are arranged horizontally; however, in FIG. 11, the functional
modules 4 are divided into two groups, and arranged in two vertical
rows (or in two horizontal rows). Each group configured with a
plurality of functional modules is the same.
Each of the functional modules 4 has an interface side including a
first interface region where signal-line terminals are arranged in
the vicinity of one end thereof and a second interface region where
power-line terminals are arranged in the vicinity of the other end
thereof. A functional module 4E has an interface side including
only the first interface region where signal-line terminals are
integrated in the vicinity of one end thereof. The interface sides
in the same row are arranged in such a way as to be oriented in the
same direction. The interface sides are arranged in such a way that
the first interface regions 5 in the same rows are situated
proximally from the middle of the rows, and the second interface
regions 6 in the same rows are situated distally from the middle of
the rows. A wire bundle housing 12 for signal lines is disposed
between the rows in order to incorporate signal lines connected to
the first interface regions 5. Power lines connected to the second
interface regions 6 are disposed distally from the middle of the
rows.
As described above, by disposing the first interface regions 5 in
the same rows proximally from the middle of the rows, the distance
between the rows can be shortened because the signal lines are
low-voltage. In addition, the first interface regions 5 in the same
rows are situated proximally from the middle of the rows; however,
in contrast to that, the second interface regions 6 in the same
rows can also be situated proximally from the middle of the
rows.
Because, in Embodiment 4, each of the rows of the
vehicle-controller main body 2 is configured with a plurality of
functional modules 4 each having the interface side 22 according to
a preliminarily unified designing rule; therefore, the units of
maintenance and inspection are integrated function by function and
can be checked from one side, whereby the maintenance and
inspection work can be rationalized. Because the first interface
regions 5 in the same rows and the second interface regions 6 in
the same rows are separately arranged proximally from the middle of
the rows and distally from the middle of the rows, respectively,
electromagnetic interference between the signal lines and the power
lines can effectively be suppressed. Moreover, because the number
of the power lines can be reduced, the number of working processes
required for assembly, dismounting, maintenance, and inspection can
be decreased.
Embodiment 5
FIG. 12 is a perspective contour view illustrating a vehicle
controller, according to Embodiment 5, with the case thereof
removed. The arrangement of the functional modules having different
shapes will mainly be explained further in detail. In FIG. 12, each
of the functional modules has an interface side 22 in which a first
interface region where signal-line terminals are integrated and a
second interface region where power-line terminals are integrated
are separated; a plurality of functional modules are divided into
two groups; the plurality of functional modules is arranged in such
a way that the respective interface sides thereof are adjacent to
one another and oriented in the same direction; one group of the
interface sides and the other group of interface sides are arranged
in such a way as to face each other; the interface sides are
arranged in such a way that the first interface regions are
situated in the vicinity of one end (in the vicinity of the bottom
end, in FIG. 12), and the second interface regions are situated in
the vicinity of the other end (in the vicinity of the top end, in
FIG. 12). A functional module 4E has an interface side including
only the first interface region where signal-line terminals are
integrated; the first interface region is disposed in the vicinity
of one end (in the vicinity of the bottom end, in FIG. 12). A
plurality of functional modules are divided into two groups, and
one group of the interface sides and the other group of interface
sides are arranged in such a way as to face each other, so that the
lengths of power lines and signal lines can be shortened.
In FIG. 12, a group of input terminals 3 is situated at the right
portion of FIG. 8; groups of terminals 9, 10a, 10b, and 51 are
situated at the left portion of FIG. 8; the groups of terminals 3,
9, 10a, 10b, and 51 are disposed at the upper portion of the
vehicle controller. A wire bundle housing 12 is disposed at the
lower portion of the vehicle controller. In the case where the
first interface region is situated in the vicinity of the bottom
end, it is not required to suspend signal lines, and the signal
lines can readily be incorporated in a wiring duct that is disposed
on the bottom of the case and has a function of bundling signal
lines; therefore, the method of bundling and fixing signal lines
can be made simplified and low-cost. In the case where there exist
a great number of signal lines or bundles of signal lines, by
looking at the vehicle controller from the bottom side of the
vehicle, assembly, maintenance, and inspection of the controller
are readily performed.
Even in the case where functional modules 4 of various sizes are
arranged, interface sides 22 are in parallel with one another. FIG.
12 illustrates a case, which is an optimal example, where, in each
of the groups of functional modules, the interface sides 22 of a
plurality of functional modules 4 arranged horizontally are on one
and the same plane. In this regard however, even in the case where
the interface sides 22 of some functional modules 4 are deviated,
the controller does not depart from Embodiments of the present
invention, as long as the interface sides 22 are in parallel with
one another.
As described above, in the case where the respective first
interface regions of the functional modules are on one and the same
plane and the second interface regions of the functional modules
are on one and the same plane, the arrangement of the interface
regions is optimal. In this case, because signal lines and power
lines that connect the interface regions can be arranged in one and
the same plane, the paths of wires are simplified most, and
shortening of the wire length and simplification of the power line
process enable low-cost and lightweight power lines to be
utilized.
As can be seen from FIG. 12, whatever the shape of the functional
module 4 is, the basic traffic line of a worker who mechanically
mounts or electrically connects the functional modules 4 can be
limited to a horizontal direction; therefore, not only the
difficulty level of the work can be lowered, but also the number of
working processes can be reduced. Additionally, checking work for
ascertaining whether or not the work has securely been performed is
facilitated. For example, a worker who mounts bundles of signal
lines, i.e., harnesses can carry out his work without moving his
eyes up and down. Electromagnetic interference between the signal
lines and the power lines can effectively be suppressed in the same
manner. As described above, even in the case where the shapes of
the functional modules 4 differ from one another, the same effect
can be obtained.
As illustrated in FIG. 12, by arranging the interface sides 22 of a
plurality of functional modules 4 in such a way that they are
situated in parallel with one another, there can be provided the
wire-duct-shaped wire bundle housing 12 that commonly deals with
each of the signal lines connected to the first interface regions 5
of the functional modules 4. As a result, the mounting state of
bundles of signal lines, i.e., so-called harnesses is insusceptible
to the effect of working variations and always stable; thus,
electromagnetic separation, outside the functional modules 4,
between the signal lines and the power lines can be secured,
whereby the noise immunity can be raised.
FIG. 13 is a perspective contour view illustrating a vehicle
controller, to be mounted on an actual vehicle, whose functional
modules 4 illustrated in FIG. 12 are arranged in a box-shaped
manner and covered with a controller case 25. Reference numeral 26
denotes an inspection cover; by opening the inspection cover 26,
the functional module 4 to be checked can be looked at.
Embodiment 6
FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating a vehicle controller
according to Embodiment 6. In FIG. 14, two same groups of
functional modules are arranged horizontally and symmetrically with
respect to a middle of the two groups. Each of the functional
modules 4 has an interface side where there are separated a first
interface region where signal-line terminals are arranged in the
vicinity of one end thereof and a second interface region where
power-line terminals are arranged in the vicinity of the other end
thereof. The plurality of functional modules 4 of each group are
arranged in such a way that the respective interface sides are
disposed in such a way as to be adjacent to one another and to be
oriented in the same direction, the respective first interface
regions 5 are arranged in the vicinity of one and the same end (in
the vicinity of the bottom end, in this case), and the respective
second interface regions 6 are arranged in the vicinity of the
other and the same end (in the vicinity of the top end, in this
case). As is the case with FIG. 5, the functional module 4E has the
first interface region 5E but no second interface region;
therefore, the first interface region 5E of the functional module
4E is situated in the vicinity of one end the same as that in the
vicinity of which the first interface regions of the other
functional modules are situated.
In such a manner as described above, as is the case with Embodiment
1, the basic traffic line of a worker who mechanically mounts or
electrically connects the functional modules 4 can be limited to a
horizontal direction; therefore, not only the difficulty level of
the work can be lowered, but also the number of working processes
can be reduced. Additionally, checking work for ascertaining
whether or not the work has securely been performed is facilitated.
Moreover, electromagnetic interference between the signal lines and
the power lines can effectively be suppressed in the same
manner.
In foregoing Embodiments, there can be obtained a vehicle
controller that has high noise immunity and is stable. Not only the
difficulty level of the work can be lowered, but also the number of
working processes can be reduced. These effects can be made
independent of the case structure of the controller. It is
necessary to maintain the functions of an on-vehicle apparatus for
ten years or longer; the maintenance and inspection work required
for that purpose can effectively be carried out. Moreover, even if
a certain component fails or the production of a maintenance
component is ended, it is possible to redesign and replace only the
functional module related to the component; thus, a risk of posing
a problem in the operation of the vehicle can be suppressed.
* * * * *