U.S. patent number 8,580,002 [Application Number 13/171,259] was granted by the patent office on 2013-11-12 for multistage separation system.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Dresser-Rand Company. The grantee listed for this patent is H. Allan Kidd, Pascal Lardy, William C. Maier. Invention is credited to H. Allan Kidd, Pascal Lardy, William C. Maier.
United States Patent |
8,580,002 |
Lardy , et al. |
November 12, 2013 |
Multistage separation system
Abstract
A "bolt on" static separator is disclosed for use in conjunction
with a rotating separator to handle higher liquid volumes that are
not able to be effectively separated by the rotating separator
alone. The static separator may be positioned upstream of the
rotating separator, generally right in front of the rotating
separator, i.e., immediately ahead of the inlet to the rotating
separator and generally attached directly to the front end of the
rotary separator. The static separator may include a significant
change in flow path direction that is sufficient to cause coarse
fluid separation. The output of the static separator is in
communication with the input of the rotating separator.
Additionally, the drain of the static separator is in communication
with the drain of the rotating separator and is at the same
pressure.
Inventors: |
Lardy; Pascal (Houston, TX),
Kidd; H. Allan (Shinglehouse, PA), Maier; William C.
(Almond, NY) |
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Lardy; Pascal
Kidd; H. Allan
Maier; William C. |
Houston
Shinglehouse
Almond |
TX
PA
NY |
US
US
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
Dresser-Rand Company (Olean,
NY)
|
Family
ID: |
45437563 |
Appl.
No.: |
13/171,259 |
Filed: |
June 28, 2011 |
Prior Publication Data
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Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
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US 20120005996 A1 |
Jan 12, 2012 |
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Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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61362842 |
Jul 9, 2010 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
55/317; 55/447;
55/318; 55/406; 55/401 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B01D
45/02 (20130101); B01D 45/14 (20130101); B01D
45/04 (20130101); F04D 17/122 (20130101); B01D
45/06 (20130101); F04D 29/706 (20130101); B01D
45/00 (20130101); F05D 2250/51 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B01D
45/12 (20060101) |
Field of
Search: |
;55/317-337,383,392-399,438,447,466-473
;96/155,188,189,204,206-220 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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WO2008/036394 |
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Mar 2008 |
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WO |
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Primary Examiner: Smith; Duane
Assistant Examiner: Turner; Sonji
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Edmonds & Nolte, PC
Parent Case Text
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent
Application having Ser. No. 61/362,842, which was filed Jul. 9,
2010. The entirety of this priority application is incorporated
herein by reference to the extent consistent with the present
disclosure.
Claims
We claim:
1. A multistage separation system, comprising: a rotating shaft
driving a multistage compressor; a rotating fluid separation system
attached to the rotating shaft, the rotating fluid separation
system comprising: a radial inlet; and an output communicating with
an input of the multistage compressor; and a static separation
curve positioned upstream of the rotating fluid separation system
such that an output of the separation curve feeds the radial inlet
of the rotating fluid separation system, the separation curve being
at least partially positioned radially outward of the rotating
fluid separation system.
2. The multistage separation system of claim 1, wherein the
multistage compressor and the rotating fluid separation system are
configured to rotate at a same rotation speed on the shaft.
3. The multistage separation system of claim 1, wherein the static
separation curve is positioned in a static separation housing, the
static separation housing being attached to a front end of the
rotating fluid separation system.
4. The multistage separation system of claim 3, wherein the front
end of the rotating fluid separation system includes the radial
inlet to the rotating fluid separation system.
5. The multistage separation system of claim 4, wherein the static
separation housing is bolted to an inlet flange on the front end of
the rotating fluid separation system.
6. The multistage separation system of claim 1, wherein the static
separation curve includes at least a 130.degree. turn to
coarse-separate fluids from gases.
7. The multistage separation system of claim 1, wherein a fluid
drain outlet of the static separation curve is in fluid
communication with a fluid drain outlet of the rotating separation
section, the respective fluid drain outlets being at the same
pressure.
8. A combined static and dynamic separation system, comprising: a
driven centrifugal compressor having a central rotating shaft; a
rotating separation section comprising a rotating fluid separation
drum attached to the rotating shaft for concomitant rotation
therewith; a static separation section positioned immediately
upstream of the rotating separation section such that an output of
the static separation section is in fluid communication with a
radial inlet of the rotating separation section; a static
separation fluid drain configured to capture fluid separated by the
static separation section; and a rotating separation section fluid
drain configured to capture fluid separated by the rotating fluid
separation section, wherein the static separation fluid drain and
the rotating separation fluid drain are at the same pressure.
9. The combined static and dynamic separation system of claim 8,
wherein the static separation section comprises a separation curve
having a turn angle of between about 100.degree. and about
190.degree..
10. The combined static and dynamic separation system of claim 9,
wherein the separation curve is positioned radially-outward of the
rotating separation section.
11. The combined static and dynamic separation system of claim 10,
wherein an inlet of the static separation section is positioned
longitudinally along the rotating shaft from the radial inlet to
the rotating separation section and at the same radial distance
from the shaft as the rotating separation section.
12. The combined static and dynamic separation system of claim 11,
wherein an inlet flange of the rotating separation section matches
an inlet flange and an outlet flange of the static separation
section, to allow the static separation section to be bolted
directly on to the rotating separation section.
13. The combined static and dynamic separation system of claim 12,
wherein the static separation fluid drain and the rotating
separation fluid drain are contained in a same pressure vessel.
14. The combined static and dynamic separation system of claim 13,
wherein the turning angle is between about 150.degree. and
190.degree..
15. The combined static and dynamic separation system of claim 14,
wherein a fluid path leading to the separation curve travels
longitudinally toward the rotating separation section along the
shaft and radially away from the shaft such that the separation
curve is positioned radially outward of the rotating separation
section.
16. The combined static and dynamic separation system of claim 15,
wherein a fluid path leading away from the separation curve travels
longitudinally away from the rotating separation section along the
shaft and radially toward the rotating shaft to connect with the
radial inlet to the rotating separation section.
17. A combined compressor and two-stage fluid separation system,
comprising: a centrifugal compressor attached to a drive shaft; a
rotating separation section attached to the drive shaft and
configured to rotate therewith, comprising: a radial inlet; and an
output being in fluid communication with an input of the
centrifugal compressor; a static separation section positioned
longitudinally along an axis of the drive shaft, an input of the
static separation section being positioned to receive a gas stream
and direct the gas stream around a static separation turn
positioned radially outward of the rotating separation section and
into the radial inlet of the rotating separation section, the
static separation turn being between about 150.degree. and
190.degree.; and a rotating separation section fluid drain and a
static separation section fluid drain, both drains being contained
in a single pressure vessel and being at the same pressure.
Description
BACKGROUND
In compression systems, a multiphase fluid stream is typically
separated into gas and liquid phases prior to compression, as
compressors suitable for a gaseous compression are oftentimes not
configured to effectively process the liquid portion of a
multiphase fluid stream. As such, a fluid separation system
configured to remove the liquid portion of the multiphase fluid
stream is generally positioned upstream of the compression system,
such that the inlet stream to the compression system is
substantially free of fluids. A typical fluid separation system
used in this scenario includes a rotating drum-type system that
uses a rotating drum to generate sufficient force to physically
cause the fluid portion of the multiphase stream to be separated
from the gas portion of the stream. However, in many compression
systems, the multiphase fluid arrives at an inlet of the rotary
separator containing a higher volume or percentage of fluid than
the rotary separator is capable of separating. As such, a larger
rotary separation system is required, which substantially increases
the complexity and cost (initial equipment and ongoing maintenance)
of the system.
As such, there is a need for a simple, efficient, and cost
effective solution to allow smaller and less expensive rotary
separators to effectively handle higher volume liquid
separation.
SUMMARY
Embodiments of the disclosure may provide a "bolt on" static
separator that is used in conjunction with a rotating separator to
handle higher liquid volumes that are not able to be effectively
separated by the rotating separator alone. The static separator may
be positioned upstream of the rotating separator, generally right
in front of the rotating separator, i.e., immediately ahead of the
inlet to the rotating separator and generally attached directly to
the front end of the rotary separator. The static separator may
include a significant change in flow path direction that is
sufficient to cause coarse fluid separation. The output of the
static separator is in communication with the input of the rotating
separator. Additionally, the drain of the static separator is in
communication with the drain of the rotating separator and is at
the same pressure.
In another embodiment of the disclosure, a multistage separation
system is provided. The system may include a rotating shaft driving
a multistage compressor, a rotating fluid separation system
attached to the rotating shaft with an output of the rotating fluid
separation system communicating with an input of the multistage
compressor, and a static separation curve positioned upstream of
the fluid separation system such that an output of the separation
curve feeds an inlet of the fluid separation system, the separation
curve being at least partially positioned radially outward of the
fluid separation system.
Another embodiment of the disclosure may provide a combined static
and dynamic separation system. The system may include a driven
centrifugal compressor having a central rotating shaft, a rotating
separation section comprising a rotating fluid separation drum
attached to the rotating shaft for concomitant rotation therewith,
and a static separation section positioned immediately upstream of
the rotating separation section such that an output of the static
separation section is in fluid communication with an input to the
rotating separation section, a static separation fluid drain
configured to capture fluid separated by the static separation
section, and a rotating separation section fluid drain configured
to capture fluid separated by the rotating fluid separation
section, wherein the static separation fluid drain and the rotating
separation fluid drain are at the same pressure.
One embodiment of the disclosure includes a combined compressor and
two-stage fluid separation system. The system includes a
centrifugal compressor attached to a driven shaft, a rotating
separation section attached to the driven shaft and configured to
rotate therewith, an output of the rotating separation section
being in fluid communication with an input of the centrifugal
compressor, a static separation section positioned longitudinally
along an axis of the driven shaft, an input of the static
separation section being positioned to receive a gas stream and
direct the gas stream around a static separation turn positioned
radially outward of the rotating separation section and including a
separation turn of between about 150.degree. and 190.degree., and a
rotating separation section fluid drain and a static separation
section fluid drain, both drains being contained in a single
pressure vessel and being at the same pressure.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present disclosure is best understood from the following
detailed description when read with the accompanying Figures. It is
emphasized that, in accordance with the standard practice in the
industry, various features are not drawn to scale. In fact, the
dimensions of the various features may be arbitrarily increased or
reduced for clarity of discussion.
FIG. 1 illustrates a partial, sectional view of an exemplary static
separator assembly of the present disclosure.
FIG. 2 illustrates a sectional view of an exemplary ICS system of
the present disclosure.
FIG. 3 illustrates a sectional view of the exemplary rotary
separation portion of the exemplary ICS system illustrated in FIG.
2.
FIG. 4 illustrates an end sectional view of the exemplary rotary
separation portion of the exemplary ICS system illustrated in FIG.
2.
FIG. 5 illustrates perspective sectional view of an exemplary
integrated static and rotary separator system of the
disclosure.
FIG. 6 illustrates sectional view of an exemplary integrated static
and rotary separator system of the disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
It is to be understood that the following disclosure describes
several exemplary embodiments for implementing different features,
structures, or functions of the invention. Exemplary embodiments of
components, arrangements, and configurations are described below to
simplify the present disclosure; however, these exemplary
embodiments are provided merely as examples and are not intended to
limit the scope of the invention. Additionally, the present
disclosure may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the
various exemplary embodiments and across the Figures provided
herein. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and
clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the
various exemplary embodiments and/or configurations discussed in
the various Figures. Moreover, the formation of a first feature
over or on a second feature in the description that follows may
include embodiments in which the first and second features are
formed in direct contact, and may also include embodiments in which
additional features may be formed interposing the first and second
features, such that the first and second features may not be in
direct contact. Finally, the exemplary embodiments presented below
may be combined in any combination of ways, i.e., any element from
one exemplary embodiment may be used in any other exemplary
embodiment, without departing from the scope of the disclosure.
Additionally, certain terms are used throughout the following
description and claims to refer to particular components. As one
skilled in the art will appreciate, various entities may refer to
the same component by different names, and as such, the naming
convention for the elements described herein is not intended to
limit the scope of the invention, unless otherwise specifically
defined herein. Further, the naming convention used herein is not
intended to distinguish between components that differ in name but
not function. Further, in the following discussion and in the
claims, the terms "including" and "comprising" are used in an
open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean
"including, but not limited to." All numerical values in this
disclosure may be exact or approximate values unless otherwise
specifically stated. Accordingly, various embodiments of the
disclosure may deviate from the numbers, values, and ranges
disclosed herein without departing from the intended scope.
Furthermore, as it is used in the claims or specification, the term
"or" is intended to encompass both exclusive and inclusive cases,
i.e., "A or B" is intended to be synonymous with "at least one of A
and B," unless otherwise expressly specified herein.
FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary static separator 1 that may be used
in the combination static and rotary separation system of the
present disclosure. An inlet duct 2 to the static separation system
1 has a fluid entrance 50 that is connected to an inlet pipe 49 and
an inlet fluid exit 3 that is connected to a separating turn 5.
Further, the inlet duct 2 has an outer wall 58 and an inner wall
60, which are spaced apart. The distance between the outer and
inner walls 58, 60 defines an inlet width W.sub.I. At any given
horizontal cross-section, the inlet duct 2 further defines an inlet
radius R.sub.I, with the inlet radius R.sub.I being the distance
from a centerline 43 of the static separator 1 to the center of the
inlet duct 2. As illustrated, the inlet width W.sub.I decreases
from a maximum at the inlet fluid entrance 50 to a minimum at the
inlet fluid exit 3. Further, the inlet radius R.sub.I may vary
inversely with the inlet width W.sub.I, such that the inlet radius
R.sub.I increases as the inlet width W.sub.I decreases. The inlet
radius R.sub.I has a maximum inlet radius R.sub.I at the inlet
fluid exit 3 and a minimum inlet radius R.sub.I at the inlet fluid
entrance 50. Accordingly, the cross-sectional area through which a
fluid may flow, i.e., the flow area, of the inlet duct 2 at any
given horizontal cross-section will generally remain substantially
constant. Further, the inlet duct 2 may extend at an angle
.quadrature. until the inlet radius R.sub.I reaches a desired
length, which may be, for example, three times the nominal radius
of the inlet pipe 49, at which point the inlet fluid exit 3 of the
inlet duct 2 may be connected to the separating turn 5.
The separating turn 5 is fluidly connected to the inlet duct 2 at
an inlet end 4, and has a gas outlet end 17 that is connected to
the outlet fluid entrance 66 of the outlet duct 24. Between the
inlet end 4 and the gas outlet end 17, the separating turn 5
includes an inner surface 6 and an outer surface 7, with an outer
body 8 of the separator 1 providing the outer surface 7. A gas
return channel 45 may be formed around the outside of the
separating turn 5, such that the separating turn 5 is generally
disposed between the gas return channel 45 and the centerline 43.
The gas return channel 45 may include a passageway 35, which may be
at least partially toroidal around the outside of the separating
turn 5, and may terminate at an injection interface 47, which is
fluidly connected to the separating turn 5, proximate the inlet end
4. In an exemplary embodiment, the gas return channel 45 fluidly
connects a liquid outlet 9 to the separating turn 5, and the
injection interface 47 may be a convergent nozzle or an ejector, to
aid in redirecting of an outflow of gas, as described below.
The separating turn 5 may further include an auxiliary liquid
outlet channel 11, which may include a lip 38 extending from the
outer surface 7 toward the inner surface 6 and located proximate
the gas outlet end 17 of the separating turn 5. The auxiliary
liquid outlet channel 11 may also include a liquid passageway 42,
which may extend, for example, through the outer body 8 to the
liquid outlet 9, thereby fluidly connecting the lip 38 with the
liquid outlet 9.
The gas outlet end 17 of the separating turn 5 may be connected to
the outlet fluid entrance 66 of the outlet duct 24. In an exemplary
embodiment, the outlet duct 24 may be formed similarly to the inlet
duct 2. Accordingly, the outlet duct 24 may have an outlet fluid
exit 67 connected to an outlet pipe 33, and an interior wall 19.
The interior wall 19 may be defined by a radial flow expander 39,
which may form a flow expander peak 25, where a flow of fluid
through the outlet duct 24 flows out into the outlet pipe 33,
thereby changing from a flow path with a ring-shaped cross-section
to one with a circular cross-section. In another exemplary
embodiment, the inlet duct 2 is inside the outlet duct 24, the
radial flow expander 39 may be formed in the inlet duct 2, such
that it defines the inner wall 60 of the inlet duct 2. In such an
embodiment, the flow expander peak 25 may form the beginning of the
change in the shape of the cross-section of the fluid flow from
circular in the inlet pipe 49 to ring-shaped in the inlet duct
2.
The interior wall 19 may be spaced apart from an exterior wall 63
of the outlet duct 24 to define an outlet duct width W.sub.O. The
outlet duct width W.sub.O may increase from a minimum outlet duct
width W.sub.O at the outlet fluid entrance 66, to a maximum outlet
width W.sub.O at the outlet fluid exit 67. Additionally, the
distance from the centerline 43 to the middle of the outlet duct 24
may define an outlet duct radius R.sub.O. In an exemplary
embodiment, the outlet duct radius R.sub.O may decrease from the
outlet fluid entrance 66 to the outlet fluid exit 67 in inverse
proportion to the increasing outlet width W.sub.O, such that the
horizontal cross-section of the flow area of the outlet duct 24
remains substantially constant throughout.
Applicants note that an exemplary static separator is shown in
commonly-assigned U.S. Patent Application having Publication No.
2011/0061536, entitled Improved Density-Based Compact Separator,
the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference into the
present application, to the extent that the incorporated
application is consistent with the present disclosure.
FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary rotary separator and compressor
combination, which may be generally referred to as an integrated
compression system or ICS. The exemplary ICS system briefly
described herein is further detailed in commonly-owned U.S. Patent
Application having Ser. No. 60/778,688 and PCT Patent Application
having Serial No. PCT/US2007/005489, entitled Multiphase Processing
Device, which was first filed on Mar. 3, 2006; the contents of this
commonly-owned application are hereby incorporated by reference
into the present application, to the extent that the incorporated
subject matter is consistent with the present disclosure.
Additionally, FIG. 3 illustrates a sectional view of the exemplary
rotary separation portion of the exemplary ICS system illustrated
in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 illustrates an end sectional view of the
exemplary rotary separation portion of the exemplary ICS system
illustrated in FIG. 2. Both of these figures are from the prior
application that is incorporated by reference, and as such, further
description of the specifics of these figures is found in the
incorporated application.
The exemplary ICS system 10 is configured to process a multiphase
fluid stream F that includes a mixture of a gas G and a liquid L,
and generally includes a housing 12 having an interior chamber 13,
a rotating separator 14, a multistage compressor 16, and a pump 18
(optional) or a liquid collector (not shown), each of which are
generally disposed within the same housing or chamber 13. The
housing 12 has an inlet 22 fluidly connected with the interior
chamber 13 and fluidly connectable with a source multiphase stream
S.sub.F, and first and second outlets 24A, 24B.
The rotating separator 14 of the ICS system 10 is fluidly coupled
with the housing inlet 22, such that the fluid stream F flows
generally to the rotating separator 14. The rotating separator 14
is configured to separate the fluid stream F into a substantially
gaseous portion G and a substantially liquid portion L. The
compressor 16 is fluidly coupled with the rotating separator 14
such that the substantially gaseous portion G output from the
rotating separator 14 flows into the compressor 16 for compression
before being discharged from the compressor at an outlet 24A.
Further, the optional pump 18 has an inlet 28 fluidly coupled with
the rotating separator 14, and is preferably spaced therefrom, such
that the stream liquid portion L flows at least partially by
gravity or centrifugal force from the rotating separator 14 to the
pump inlet 28. However, the separator 14 and/or pump 18 may be
configured such that the substantially liquid portion L flows
substantially by suction generated by the pump 18, particularly
when the rotating separator 14 and the pump 18 are
horizontally-spaced, or in any other appropriate manner. The pump
18 is configured to pressurize the liquid portion L of the flow
stream F and to discharge the pressurized liquid portion L through
the housing second or "liquid" outlet 24B. The ICS system 10 may
instead have a liquid collector (not shown) disposed generally
beneath or otherwise proximate the compressor 16 and fluidly
coupled with the rotating separator 14 and with the housing second
outlet 24B, the collector 20 having a chamber 21 configured to
contain a quantity or "accumulated volume" of the liquid portions
L.
The ICS system 10 also generally includes a drive shaft 30
extending generally through the housing chamber 13 and being
rotatable about a central axis 31. Each one of the rotating
separator 14, the compressor 16, and the optional pump 18 having at
least one rotatable member 40, 64, and 84, respectively, connected
with the shaft 30 and spaced apart vertically along the central
axis 31. As such, rotation of the drive shaft 30 about the axis 31
generally operates each one of the separator 14, the compressor 16
and the pump 18. The ICS system 10 may further include a drive
motor (not shown) connected with the shaft 30 and configured to
rotate the shaft 30 about the central axis 31, the motor generally
being mounted to one end 12a or 12b of the housing 13.
The rotating separator 14 is configured to direct liquid extracted
from the fluid stream radially-outwardly toward a housing inner
surface 25, such that liquid portions L flow into a liquid flow
channel 34 and thereafter flow at least partially by gravity or
other fluid driving force to the optional pump inlet 28. As
illustrated in FIGS. 3-6, the rotating separator 14 may include a
body 40 rotatable about a central axis 41, the separator body 40
having a first and second end 40a, 40b, respectively. The first or
"upper" body end 40a has a first or "stream inlet" opening 42
fluidly coupled with the housing inlet 22 so as to receive the
fluid stream F, and the second or "lower" body end 40b has a second
or "gas outlet" opening 44 fluidly coupled with the compressor 16.
An inner separation surface 46 extends circumferentially about the
axis 41 and generally between the body first and second ends 40a,
40b. Further, the separation surface 46 defines a separation
chamber 48 and is angled radially-outward toward the body first end
40a. With this structure, as the separator body 40 rotates about
the axis 41, liquid portions L of the fluid stream F contact the
inner separation surface 46 are directed away from the body axis 41
and toward, and beyond, the body first end 40a. In other words,
centrifugal force generated by rotation of the separator 14 causes
the relatively-heavier, liquid portions L (compared to the gas
portion) contacting the rotating inner separation surface 46 to
move upwardly and outwardly the along the angled inner surface 46
until the liquid portions are projected or "slung" from the body
upper end 40a in a spiral path toward the housing inner surface 25.
As such, the liquid portions L are directed to flow back out
through the body first opening 42 while a remainder of the fluid
stream F, i.e., the substantially gaseous portions G, flows in the
downward direction d2 through the body second opening 44, and
thereafter into the compressor 16.
The separator 14 may further include an outer separation surface 50
extending circumferentially about the body axis 41 and generally
between the body first and second ends 40a, 40b. As with the inner
surface 46, the outer separation surface 50 is angled
radially-outward in the direction toward the body first end 40a. As
such, as the separator body 40 rotates about the axis 41, liquid
portions L of the fluid stream F contacting the outer separation
surface 50 are directed generally radially outward away from the
body axis 41 and generally axially toward the body first end 40 so
as to be directed generally toward the housing inner surface 25. In
other words, centrifugal forces cause the relatively heavier liquid
portions L contacting the rotating outer separation surface 50 to
slide or move upwardly and outwardly the along angled outer
separation surface 50 until being projected/slung from the
separator body upper end 40a in a generally spiral path toward the
housing inner surface 25.
With the basic structure described above, operation of the ICS
system 10 of the present disclosure may be appreciated. A
multiphase fluid stream F enters the housing 12 through the housing
inlet 22 and flows into a plenum chamber 56, swirls about and flows
into the rotating separator 14. Liquid portions L are separated
from the remaining, substantially gaseous portions G of the fluid
stream F, and are directed into the liquid flow passage 34.
Generally simultaneously, the gaseous portions G flow into the
compressor inlet 26 and are pressurized or compressed such that the
gas pressure is incrementally increased as the gas portions G flow
through each compressor stage 66. The pressurized gas portions Gp
are discharged from the compressor 16 and flow out the housing
through the housing gas outlet 24A.
The separated liquid portions L entering the liquid flow passage 34
flow by gravity (and suction) through a passage vertical portion
36, and thus around the compressor 16, and then through the passage
horizontal portion 37 beneath the compressor 16 and into the
optional pump inlet 28. The optional centrifugal pump 80 then
pressurizes the liquid portions Lp as the portions Lp are
accelerated radially outwardly by the impeller 84, and the
pressurized liquid portions Lp flow out of the housing 12 through
the liquid outlet 24B. The pressurized gas and liquid portions Gp,
Lp may be merged or remixed in a common outlet pipe 23 connected
with both of the housing outlets 24A, 24B, such that the
pressurized fluid stream Fp is further processed or utilized, but
the two pressurized flows Gp, Lp may alternatively remain distinct
so as to be thereafter separately processed or utilized.
Applicants note that although the exemplary ICS 10 described herein
is shown as a vertically oriented system, i.e., the common shaft 30
of the rotating separator 14 and compressor 16 is vertically
oriented, the present disclosure is not limited to any particular
orientation. As such, the present disclosure includes fluid
separation and compression systems where the common shaft 30 is
generally horizontally oriented. Other exemplary rotary separation
systems include those disclosed in commonly-owned U.S. Provisional
Patent Application Ser. No. 60/846,300 and the following Utility
application Ser. No. 12/441,804; and commonly owned U.S.
Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/826,876 and the
following Utility application Ser. No. 12/442,863. Each of the
above noted commonly owned patent applications are incorporated by
reference in their entirety into the present disclosure, to the
extent that these prior disclosures are consistent with the present
disclosure.
FIG. 5 illustrates perspective, sectional view of an exemplary
integrated static and rotary separator system 500 of the
disclosure, and FIG. 6 illustrates sectional view of an exemplary
integrated static and rotary separator system 500 of the
disclosure. The integrated separator 500 generally includes a
static separation section 502 and a rotating separation section
504, with the static separation section 502 being bolted onto or
otherwise attached to the front end of the rotating separation
section 504. The attachment may include bolting the static
separation section 502 directly to an inlet flange (not shown) of
the rotating separation section. One advantage of attaching a
static separator to the front end of a rotating separator is that
the capacity of the rotating separator can be substantially
increased. For example, by positioning a static separator upstream
of a rotating separator, the static separator can function to
coarse-separate fluids from the incoming gas stream, with
coarse-separation including removing a portion of the fluid from
the stream (generally the higher-density fluids are removed by the
static separation). Thus, the gas stream entering the rotating
separator has less liquid mass to separate, and as such, the
rotating separator 504 is able to more efficiently separate the
remaining liquids from the incoming (already coarse-separated)
stream. The end result of adding a static separator to a rotating
separator is a substantial increase in the separation efficiency,
as the rotating separator does not get bogged down with coarse
separation and is able to efficiently separate higher-density
fluids from the incoming stream. Applicants note that the static
separator may also be combined with the rotating separator 504 in a
common casing (without the bolting or other attachment
limitation).
The static section 502 of the integrated separator 500 includes an
inlet 506 configured to receive the incoming fluid stream
(containing, e.g., liquids and gases therein) for separation. The
fluid stream enters the integrated separator 500 at the inlet 506
and is directed radially-outward (away from a central axis of the
separator 500) toward a separation turn 508. The fluid stream is
directed around the separation turn 508, as described with respect
to FIG. 1, and as a result of the centrifugal force, coarse
separation of liquids from the fluid stream is conducted. The
coarse separation pulls heavier fluids outward toward the outer
wall of the separation turn 508, while the less dense gas, which
may contain some liquids therein, continues to travel
radially-inward (toward the central axis of the separator 500)
through a conduit that connects the separation turn 508 to an inlet
510 of the rotary separation section 504. The coarsely separated
fluid that is separated by the turn 508 is collected in a static
separation chamber 521 and may be drained or otherwise removed
therefrom as desired.
The separation turn 508 may be structurally and functionally
similar or the same as the separating turn 5 described above with
respect to FIG. 1, and may include an annular fluid path having a
high-velocity gas stream turn that includes at least a 130.degree.
flow patch direction change/turn that is configured to
coarse-separate heavier liquids in the gas stream from the lighter
gas portion of the stream. In one embodiment, the velocity
(traveling speed of the gas through the associated conduit) of the
fluid stream does not significantly decrease as the fluid stream
travels around the separation turn 5. Thus the speed is maintained
at a level sufficient to provide the centrifugal force necessary to
coarse-separate liquids from the fluid stream as the fluid stream
passes around the turn 5. The separating turn 5 may form any angle
sufficient to generate the centrifugal force required to separate
the liquids in the incoming fluid stream. In exemplary embodiments,
the turning angle may be about 180.degree., between about 150 and
190.degree., between about 100.degree. and about 130.degree.,
between about 125.degree. and about 150.degree., or between about
100.degree. and about 190.degree..
The fluid stream exiting the static separation section 502 is
directed to the inlet 510 of the rotary separation section 504. The
rotary separator 512, as detailed above with respect to FIGS. 2-4,
generally spins the gas stream via a driven separation drum to
separate the remaining fluids from the gas stream. The output 514
of the rotary separation section 504 may then be communicated to a
compressor (e.g., compressor 16, above) for compression without
significant liquid being contained in the gas to be compressed.
Additionally, liquid separated from the fluid stream is expelled
via a fluid drain 520 of the rotary separation section 504 and is
collected in a rotary separation chamber 518, which is in fluid
communication with the static separation chamber 521. As such, the
fluid drained from the rotary separator section 504 is at the same
pressure as the fluid drained from the static separation section
502. This provides a single pressure vessel configuration for the
respective drains for the separation sections, which provides a
substantial reduction in cost and maintenance.
Applicants contemplate that the static separator may be an
aftermarket add-on to an existing rotary separator assembly to
provide for additional separation capacity. In this embodiment, the
stationary separator may be bolted or otherwise attached to the
input side of the rotary separator and be used to pre-separate or
coarse separate fluids from the incoming gas stream to increase the
efficiency of the rotating separator. It should be noted that this
increase in separation efficiency requires no input power, as the
static separator is not shaft driven. Additionally, the static
separator is generally configured to add minimal shaft or casing
length to the overall apparatus, as the separation curve discussed
above is radially outward from the shaft, and further, as shown in
FIGS. 5 and 6, the separation curve includes an axial component,
i.e., the gas stream is directed both radially outward and axially
around the separation curve. Thus, the separation curve is
generally at least partially positioned radially outward of the
rotary separation drum, which adds minimal shaft or casing length
to the overall separation assembly.
The foregoing has outlined features of several embodiments so that
those skilled in the art may better understand the present
disclosure. Those skilled in the art should appreciate that they
may readily use the present disclosure as a basis for designing or
modifying other processes and structures for carrying out the same
purposes and/or achieving the same advantages of the embodiments
introduced herein. Those skilled in the art should also realize
that such equivalent constructions do not depart from the spirit
and scope of the present disclosure, and that they may make various
changes, substitutions and alterations herein without departing
from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
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