U.S. patent number 8,525,664 [Application Number 12/534,355] was granted by the patent office on 2013-09-03 for system and method for minimizing the amount of data being sent on a network for supervised security systems.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Tyco Safety Products Canada Ltd. The grantee listed for this patent is Stephan Frenette, Salmaan Hadizad, Jitendra Patel. Invention is credited to Stephan Frenette, Salmaan Hadizad, Jitendra Patel.
United States Patent |
8,525,664 |
Hadizad , et al. |
September 3, 2013 |
System and method for minimizing the amount of data being sent on a
network for supervised security systems
Abstract
A system and method are disclosed for communicating heartbeat
signals representative of the condition of a security system to a
monitoring station. A controller is provided that transmits a
heartbeat signal to a monitoring station within a given time period
and awaits an acknowledgement signal from the monitoring station.
If an acknowledgement signal is received within a time interval
from the transmission of the heartbeat signal, then the time period
is reset and another heartbeat signal is not sent until the next
time period. If an acknowledgement signal is not received by the
controller within a few seconds of transmitting the heartbeat
signal, then another heartbeat signal is sent from the controller
to the monitoring station. Heartbeat signals are only transmitted
from the controller if an acknowledgement signal is not received
from the monitoring station. In this manner, the amount of data
sent over a communication link is reduced.
Inventors: |
Hadizad; Salmaan (Richmond
Hill, CA), Patel; Jitendra (Mississauga,
CA), Frenette; Stephan (Montreal, CA) |
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Hadizad; Salmaan
Patel; Jitendra
Frenette; Stephan |
Richmond Hill
Mississauga
Montreal |
N/A
N/A
N/A |
CA
CA
CA |
|
|
Assignee: |
Tyco Safety Products Canada Ltd
(Concord, Ontario, CA)
|
Family
ID: |
43526955 |
Appl.
No.: |
12/534,355 |
Filed: |
August 3, 2009 |
Prior Publication Data
|
|
|
|
Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
|
US 20110026568 A1 |
Feb 3, 2011 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
340/507; 340/506;
340/505; 340/531 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H04L
1/188 (20130101); G08B 25/007 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G08B
26/00 (20060101); G08B 29/00 (20060101); H04Q
1/30 (20060101) |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Other References
International Searching Authority, International Search Report and
Written Opinion dated Nov. 19, 2010 for International Application
No. PCT/CA2010/001192, International Filing Date Jul. 29, 2010 (8
pages). cited by applicant.
|
Primary Examiner: Toatley; Gregory J
Assistant Examiner: Valentin, II; Juan D
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Kacvinsky Daisak pllc
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A method for limiting the amount of data transmitted between a
security system and a monitoring station within a heartbeat time
interval comprising: transmitting a first heartbeat signal from a
controller within a security system to the monitoring station;
waiting a given time period for an acknowledgement signal to be
sent from the monitoring station to the controller; determining
whether or not an acknowledgement signal was received by the
controller in response to the first heartbeat signal within the
given time period; if an acknowledgement signal is received by the
controller in response to the first heartbeat signal within the
given time period, then resetting the heartbeat time interval to
transmit a subsequent heartbeat signal from the controller to the
monitoring station; and transmitting a second heartbeat signal from
the controller to the monitoring station within the heartbeat time
interval if an acknowledgement signal is not received by the
controller within the given time period from when the first
heartbeat signal was transmitted to the monitoring station; wherein
the first heartbeat signal is transmitted from the controller to
the monitoring station over a first communication network and the
second heartbeat signal is transmitted from the controller to the
monitoring station over a second communication network that is
different from the first communication network.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising: determining whether or
not an acknowledgement signal was received by the controller in
response to the second heartbeat signal; and if an acknowledgement
signal is received by the controller in response to the second
heartbeat signal, then resetting the heartbeat time interval to
transmit a subsequent heartbeat signal from the controller to the
monitoring station.
3. The method of claim 2 further comprising: transmitting a third
heartbeat signal from the controller to the monitoring station if
an acknowledgement signal is not received by the controller within
a given time period from when the second heartbeat signal was
transmitted to the monitoring station; determining whether or not
an acknowledgement signal was received by the controller in
response to the third heartbeat signal; and if an acknowledgement
signal is received by the controller in response to the third
heartbeat signal; then resetting the heartbeat time interval to
transmit a subsequent heartbeat signal from the controller to the
monitoring station.
4. The method of claim 2 wherein said heartbeat time interval is T
and said given time period is represented by "x" seconds, said
first heartbeat signal is transmitted from the controller at T-x
seconds.
5. The method of claim 2 wherein the time period for waiting for an
acknowledgement signal after the first heartbeat signal is
transmitted is represented by "y" seconds, said second heartbeat
signal is transmitted from the controller at (T-x)+y seconds.
6. The method of claim 2 further comprising transmitting an alarm
notification from the controller to the monitoring station if the
acknowledgement signal is not received by a given time interval
after expiration of the time period.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the first heartbeat signal is a
data packet containing information associated with the security
system.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the first heartbeat signal is
transmitted from the controller to the monitoring station via a
GPRS communication link.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein the first heartbeat signal is
transmitted from the controller to the monitoring station via an
internet based communication link.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein transmitting the first heartbeat
signal from the controller includes transmitting the first
heartbeat signal from a communicator housed within the
controller.
11. A method for limiting the amount of data transmitted between a
security system and a receiving station within a time period
comprising: transmitting a first heartbeat signal from a
communicator within a security system to the receiving station
within a heartbeat time interval; waiting for an acknowledgement
signal to be sent from the receiving station to the security system
within the heartbeat time interval; determining whether or not an
acknowledgement signal was received by the security system in
response to the first heartbeat signal within the heartbeat time
interval; if an acknowledgement signal is received by the security
system in response to first the heartbeat signal within the
heartbeat time interval, then resetting the heartbeat time interval
to transmit a subsequent heartbeat signal from the communicator to
the receiving station; and transmitting a second heartbeat signal
from the communicator to the receiving station within the heartbeat
time interval if an acknowledgement signal is not received by the
security system within the given time period from when the first
heartbeat signal was transmitted to the receiving station; wherein
the first heartbeat signal is transmitted from the communicator to
the receiving station over a first communication network and the
second heartbeat signal is transmitted from the communicator to the
receiving station over a second communication network that is
different from the first communication network.
12. The method of claim 11 wherein the security system includes a
plurality of sensors communicating with a controller, said
communicator is housed within the controller.
13. The method of claim 11 wherein the security system includes a
plurality of sensors communicating with a controller, the
communicator is housed separate from the controller.
14. A system for transmitting heartbeat signals for use with a
system in a monitored building comprising a plurality of sensors,
and a controller communicating with each of the plurality of
sensors, a receiver at a monitoring station communicating with the
controller, and a machine-readable storage medium encoded with a
computer program code in the controller such that, when the
computer program code is executed by a processor, the processor
performs a method comprising: transmitting a first heartbeat signal
from a controller within a security system to the monitoring
station within a heartbeat time interval; waiting for an
acknowledgement signal to be sent from the monitoring station to
the controller within the heartbeat time interval; determining
whether or not an acknowledgement signal was received by the
controller in response to the first heartbeat signal within the
heartbeat time interval; if an acknowledgement signal is received
by the controller in response to the first heartbeat signal, then
resetting the heartbeat time interval to transmit a subsequent
heartbeat signal from the controller to the monitoring station; and
transmitting a second heartbeat signal from the controller to the
monitoring station within the heartbeat time interval if an
acknowledgement signal is not received by the controller within the
given time period from when the first heartbeat signal was
transmitted to the monitoring station: wherein the first heartbeat
signal is transmitted from the controller to the monitoring station
over a first communication network and the second heartbeat signal
is transmitted from the controller to the monitoring station over a
second communication network that is different from the first
communication network.
15. The system of claim 14, wherein each of the plurality of
sensors communicates with the controller and the controller is
configured to receive alarm notifications from each of the
plurality of sensors.
16. The system of claim 14 wherein the controller communicates with
the monitoring station via a GPRS communication network.
17. The system of claim 14 wherein the first heartbeat signal is
transmitted to the monitoring station via an internet based
communication link.
18. The system of claim 14 wherein the first heartbeat signal is a
data packet containing information associated with the security
system.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
Embodiments of the invention relate to the field of security alarm
systems. More particularly, the present invention relates to an
apparatus and method for communication between a security alarm
system and a remote monitoring station using reduced data
transmission.
2. Discussion of Related Art
Home and business alarms (often referred to as "security systems"
or "alarm systems") typically include several sensors used to
monitor unauthorized entry and other conditions at monitored
premises, such as fire, smoke, toxic gases, high/low temperature
(e.g. freezing) or flooding. These sensors communicate, either
wired or wirelessly, with an alarm panel. In response to sensing an
alarm condition, a sensor provides a signal to the alarm panel that
in turn may sound and notify the occurrence of the alarm to
occupants of the premises and remotely signal a monitoring or
central station, law enforcement or fire department services.
Typically the occurrence of an alarm is signaled to a remote
monitoring station that may then dispatch capable authorities to
intervene at the premises. For example, in the case of sensing an
unauthorized entry to the premises, the monitoring station may
dispatch security personnel, typically in the form of private
security guards or police officers. Such communication between the
premises and the monitoring station has typically taken place by
way of the public switched telephone network (PSTN). However, with
the advent of other communication networks such as, for example,
wireless (GSM/GPRS) and/or Ethernet/Internet, more modern alarm
systems utilize these other facilities either in addition to or in
place of the PSTN.
Alarm systems communicate with the central monitoring station to
confirm that the system is "on-line." In particular, a "heartbeat"
(also referred to as a poll) signal is periodically sent between a
communicator housed within the controller and the central
monitoring station. This heartbeat may be sent by the central
monitoring station or by the communicators at regular intervals.
For example, a common UL requirement is for the system to confirm
that the communicator or controller is capable of transmitting
alarms to the central monitoring station every 200 seconds.
However, sending just one heartbeat signal may provide a false
indication that the system is off-line since packets sent over GSM
and IP networks may be lost.
To overcome this drawback, the communicator may be configured to
send several heartbeats within a certain number of seconds to
ensure that the receiver at the central monitoring station receives
at least one of these heartbeat signals within the given time
period. For example, if the requirement is to verify on-line status
of an alarm system every 200 seconds, the communicator transmits a
heartbeat signal every sixty (60) seconds so that three (3)
heartbeat signals are transmitted to the central monitoring station
during the given interval. Each of these heartbeat signals includes
a certain number of bytes sufficient for the central monitoring
station can identify the security system from which the heartbeat
transmission originated along with some additional information
regarding the system. In addition, the communicator may be
configured to communicate with the receiver at the central
monitoring station indicating when to expect the next heartbeat
signal. However, use of wireless and internet communications to
send these heartbeat signals is costly. In particular, these
network operators often levy charges depending on whether a data or
voice call is placed and how much data is being transferred.
Therefore, by sending heartbeat signals at set intervals within a
given time interval regardless of whether or not an acknowledgement
signal is received from the monitoring station requires the
transmission of unnecessary data. Thus, there is a need to provide
a communication method that reduces the amount of data being
transferred between a communicator or controller of a security
alarm system and a central monitoring station while still ensuring
on-line notification transmissions consistent with UL
requirements.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are directed to an
apparatus and method for an electronic security system. In an
exemplary embodiment a method for limiting the amount of data
transmitted between a security system and a monitoring station
within a time period includes transmitting a heartbeat signal from
a controller within a security system to the monitoring station and
waiting for an acknowledgement signal to be sent from the central
station to the controller. A determination is made as to whether or
not an acknowledgement signal was received by the controller in
response to the heartbeat signal. If an acknowledgement signal is
received by the controller in response to the heartbeat signal,
then the time period to transmit a subsequent heartbeat signal from
the controller to the central station is reset.
In another exemplary embodiment, a system for transmitting
heartbeat signals for use with a system in a monitored building
includes a plurality of sensors, and a controller communicating
with each of the plurality of sensors, a receiver at a monitoring
station communicating with the controller, and a machine-readable
storage medium encoded with a computer program code in the
controller such that, when the computer program code is executed by
a processor, the processor performs a method comprising
transmitting a heartbeat signal from a controller within a security
system to the monitoring station and waiting for an acknowledgement
signal to be sent from the monitoring station to the controller. A
determination is made as to whether or not an acknowledgement
signal was received by the controller in response to the heartbeat
signal. If an acknowledgement signal is received by the controller
in response to the heartbeat signal, then the time period to
transmit a subsequent heartbeat signal from the controller to the
monitoring station is reset.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram a security system in accordance with
an aspect of the present invention;
FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram of an exemplary controller of the
system of FIG. 1 in accordance with an aspect of the present
invention;
FIG. 2B is an exemplary format of a heartbeat message sent between
the controller and the central monitoring station in accordance
with an aspect of the present invention; and
FIG. 3 is a flowchart describing an exemplary method of operating
the system of FIG. 1 in accordance with an aspect of the present
invention.
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter
with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred
embodiments of the invention are shown. This invention, however,
may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed
as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these
embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough
and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to
those skilled in the art. In the drawings, like numbers refer to
like elements throughout.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary security system 10 for a
commercial or residential building that includes a plurality of
two-way sensor devices 12.sub.1 . . . 12.sub.N positioned
throughout the building or a portion of the building, and a system
control panel/controller 14 configured to receive signals from the
devices 12.sub.1 . . . 12.sub.N. A non-limiting exemplary list of
such two-way devices 12.sub.1 . . . 12.sub.N includes, heat, smoke,
fire and toxic gas detectors, fire alarms, security alarms,
emergency lighting, strobe lighting, door contact detectors, motion
detectors, sirens, and the like. One or more keypad(s) 13
communicate with controller 14 to input command signals and/or as a
message or notification device of system 10. The devices 12.sub.1 .
. . 12.sub.N and/or keypad(s) 13 may be wired to controller 14
and/or may be two-way wireless devices. If wireless, the devices
12.sub.1 . . . 12.sub.N and keypad(s) 13 are be capable of sending
wireless signals to the system controller 14 indicative of one or
more alarm, status and/or communication conditions. The two-way
devices 12.sub.1 . . . 12.sub.N are configured to transmit a signal
representative of the status of the devices (e.g., alarm condition
or other status). The devices 12.sub.1 . . . 12.sub.N may also be
configured to transmit an identification signal that enables the
system controller 14 to recognize the particular device, or the
type of device (e.g., door contact, motion detector). In one
embodiment, the identification signal represents a unique serial
number or other unique identifier associated with the particular
device 12.sub.1 . . . 12.sub.N and/or keypad(s) 13.
Controller 14 communicates with a central monitoring station 20 via
a communications network 25. Central monitoring station 20 may be a
single monitoring station or may be formed from a plurality of
monitoring stations each at different physical locations.
Communications network 25 may be a PSTN (Public Switched Telephone
Network), a cellular network such as, for example, a GSM (Global
System for Mobile Communications) network for SMS and packet voice
communication, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) network for
packet data and voice communication, or a wired data network such
as, for example, Ethernet/Internet for tcp/ip, voip communication,
etc.
In the event that a device 12.sub.1 . . . 12.sub.N is triggered or
a command is entered via keypad(s) 13, the controller 14 receives
the signal from one or more of the devices 12.sub.1 . . . 12.sub.N,
and/or a user input command from keypad 13, processes these signals
and sends an appropriate command to the central monitoring station
20 via communicator 17 using one or more networks 25.
Alternatively, the controller 14 may first communicate with an
intermediary station before proceeding to the central monitoring
station 20. This may be the case, for example, with communication
over a GSM network where the signal is first sent to a clearing
house which translates the message before sending it to a central
monitoring station 20.
FIG. 2A illustrates a block diagram of controller 14 including a
processor 16 and local memory 18 (e.g., a buffer) for storing a
variety of information relating to system 10, the two-way devices
12.sub.1 . . . 12.sub.N and keypad(s) 13. For example, controller
14 may have separate zones for different devices being monitored.
In one embodiment, a first zone is used for a front entry door
contact, a second zone is used for a patio door contact, a third
zone is used for a motion detector and a fourth zone is used for a
smoke detector, etc. The controller 14 may be in communication with
a central monitoring facility 20 via communicator 17 using
communication link 25. The central monitoring facility 20 monitors
the status of the security system 10 and initiates appropriate
action (e.g., alert building personnel, alert appropriate local
authorities) when an alarm condition exists as indicated by one or
more of the devices 12.sub.1 . . . 12.sub.N and/or keypad 13.
Controller 14 may include a communicator 17 which controls the
communication to a receiver located at the central monitoring
station 20.
Communicator 17 is shown as dashed lines because it may be
contained within the controller 14 or may be separate therefrom.
Communicator 17 may be a dual communicator which transmits signals
via GSM and/or Ethernet connections. In addition, communicator 17
may be a primary communications interface for system 10 or may be a
back-up interface in addition to a primary PSTN network.
Alternatively, GSM may be the primary communication facility and
Ethernet as the secondary and vice versa. The use of a GSM or
Ethernet/Internet communication network may be more preferable to a
PSTN connection since the GSM/Ethernet facility is always
communicating with central station 20, whereas a PSTN connection
only communicates with central station 20 when control panel 14
initiates a call.
Typically the central monitoring facility 20 is geographically
remote from the building or buildings being monitored, and in
practical application the central monitoring facility 20 will often
simultaneously monitor a plurality of different buildings or
premises. A "heartbeat" signal is transmitted between controller 14
and the central monitoring station 20 via a communication network
25 using communicator 17 at regular intervals to ensure that the
system 10 is on-line and operational. Controller 14 waits for an
acknowledgement signal from central monitoring station 20. An
acknowledgement signal is sent from the central monitoring station
20 to the controller 14 upon successful receipt of the heartbeat
signal. Once the heartbeat signal is received by the controller 14,
the time interval begins again. However, the heartbeat signal is
not sent at set intervals within the heartbeat time interval as
previously performed. Rather, the heartbeat signal is sent toward
the end of the time interval and awaits the acknowledgement from
the central station. In this manner, multiple heartbeat signals
comprising data are not sent automatically thereby conserving the
amount of data sent over communication network 25 and associated
costs.
This conservation of data transmission may be significant since
data transmitted back and forth between system 10 and central
station 20 may number in the hundreds of thousands. If the
acknowledgement signal is not received by central monitoring
station 20, then controller 14 waits a few seconds and sends
another heartbeat signal and awaits a response. This process
continues until an acknowledgement signal is received. If an
acknowledgement signal is not received by the end of the time
interval plus a predetermined time (in seconds), then controller 14
sends an alert or alarm notification signal to central monitoring
station 20. The central monitoring station may also generate a
local alarm if the heartbeat is not received within a
pre-determined time period. In addition, communicator 17 may be
programmed to transmit heartbeat signals to multiple central
stations in the event that an acknowledgement signal is not
received. Moreover, communicator 17 may be programmed to transmit a
first heartbeat signal to a first central station over a first
communication network (e.g. GSM). Depending on whether or not an
acknowledgement signal is received, communicator 17 may be
programmed to transmit a second heartbeat signal to the first
central station over a second communication network (e.g.
Ethernet/Internet). Alternatively, communicator 17 may be
programmed to transmit a second heartbeat signal to a second
central station over a second communication network (e.g.
Ethernet/Internet). This programming feature may take advantage of
heartbeat transmissions over alternative communications networks
and multiple central stations depending on whether or not an
acknowledgement signal is received by the controller.
The heartbeat signal may be sent by the controller 14 to the
central monitoring station or in the case of communication via a
GSM network, to a clearing house before being translated and sent
to a central monitoring station. As described above in the case
where controller 14 sends heartbeat signals to the central
monitoring station, the sending of one heartbeat signal during the
specified interval was not recommended over wireless and IP
networks considering the frequency of lost packet data during
transmission. FIG. 2B is a structure of an exemplary heartbeat
signal packet including a start byte 40, string length 45, command
50, sequence number 55, time 60, source 65 and checksum 70. Of
course, the content and frequency of the heartbeat signal will
depend on the type of communication network employed for
transmission thereof as well as the type and use of security system
10. For example, there are essentially two (2) types of commonly
used heartbeat signals for commercial and residential applications.
A first heartbeat signal, typically used in commercial
applications, uses more data (e.g. 101 bytes) and can detect the
absence of a unit within a security system 10 and supports swap
detection. The acknowledgement signal for this type of heartbeat
signal uses a smaller data packet than the heartbeat signal (e.g.
74 bytes). A second type of heartbeat signal, typically used for
residential applications, uses less data (e.g. 60 bytes) than the
commercial heartbeat signal and detects the absence of a unit
within the system 10, but does not support swap detection. The
acknowledgement signal from the monitoring station uses about the
same size data packet as this second type heartbeat signal. In
addition, the heartbeat signal used in commercial alarm systems is
usually sent more frequently than the heartbeat signal used in
residential applications.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating the process of communicating
heartbeat and acknowledgement signals between controller 14 and
central monitoring station 20 using either an Ethernet or GPRS
communication link as executed by processor 16 and memory 18. At
step 100, controller 14 sends a heartbeat signal at T-x seconds
where T is the predetermined heartbeat time interval and x is a
number of seconds prior to the termination of T. For example, if
heartbeat time interval T is 200 seconds, controller 14 sends a
first heartbeat signal at 135 seconds where x is 65 seconds (i.e.
200 seconds-65 seconds). The controller waits for an
acknowledgement signal from the central station at step 200 for "y"
seconds. A determination is made at step 300 whether or not an
acknowledgement signal has been received by controller 14. If an
acknowledgement signal has been received, then the heartbeat time
interval T is reset for the next heartbeat signal at step 400 and
the process begins again at step 100. If an acknowledgment signal
is not received from the central monitoring station 20, then the
controller 14, at step 450, sends another heartbeat signal at time
(T-x)+y where y is a number of seconds after the first heartbeat
was sent. For example, if T=200 then the first heartbeat is sent x
seconds (e.g. 65 seconds) prior to the end of the heartbeat time
interval T which is 135 seconds (200-65) and the second heartbeat
is sent a few seconds (e.g. y is 5 seconds) after the first (e.g.
at 140 seconds). A determination is made at step 500 whether or not
an acknowledgement signal has been received by controller 14 after
the second heartbeat signal. If an acknowledgement signal has been
received, then the time interval is reset for the next heartbeat
signal at step 100. If an acknowledgement signal is not received
from central monitoring station 20, then another heartbeat signal
is sent, at step 600, by controller 14 at (T-x)+y+z seconds which
is z seconds after the second heartbeat signal was sent. Continuing
with the example, if the second heartbeat signal was sent at 140
seconds, then the third heartbeat signal is sent at 145 seconds
(e.g z is 5 seconds) (i.e. (200-65+5+5).
This process continues until a determination is made at step 700
whether or not an acknowledgement signal has been received by
controller 14 prior to time T+t where t is a specified number of
seconds after the time interval such as, for example, 65 seconds.
If an acknowledgment signal was received by T+t seconds, then the
process starts again at step 100. If no acknowledgement signal is
received by T+t, then control panel 14 sends a supervisory alert
notification to central monitoring station 20 at step 800. Thus,
controller 14 transmits a subsequent heartbeat signal only after a
previous heartbeat signal was transmitted and an acknowledgement
signal was not received from the central monitoring station. In
this manner, the number of heartbeat signals sent during a given
time interval T is dependent on the receipt or non-receipt of an
acknowledgement signal from the central monitoring station, thereby
limiting the amount of data sent between the controller and central
station.
While the present invention has been disclosed with reference to
certain embodiments, numerous modifications, alterations and
changes to the described embodiments are possible without departing
from the sphere and scope of the present invention, as defined in
the appended claims. Accordingly, it is intended that the present
invention not be limited to the described embodiments, but that it
has the full scope defined by the language of the following claims,
and equivalents thereof.
* * * * *