U.S. patent number 8,457,330 [Application Number 12/211,663] was granted by the patent office on 2013-06-04 for method and apparatus for boosting an audible signal in a notification system.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Wheelock, Inc.. The grantee listed for this patent is Edward V. Applegate, Brian E. Bizjak, John W. Curran, Richard H. Fetterly, Joseph Kosich, Anthony W. Russo, II. Invention is credited to Edward V. Applegate, Brian E. Bizjak, John W. Curran, Richard H. Fetterly, Joseph Kosich, Anthony W. Russo, II.
United States Patent |
8,457,330 |
Curran , et al. |
June 4, 2013 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
Method and apparatus for boosting an audible signal in a
notification system
Abstract
The present invention is an apparatus and a concomitant method
for boosting the audio signal generated by at least one
notification appliance in a supervised emergency voice evacuation
system.
Inventors: |
Curran; John W. (Lebanon,
NJ), Applegate; Edward V. (Temecula, CA), Kosich;
Joseph (South Toms River, NJ), Fetterly; Richard H.
(Jackson, NJ), Russo, II; Anthony W. (Red Bank, NJ),
Bizjak; Brian E. (Bridgewater, NJ) |
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Curran; John W.
Applegate; Edward V.
Kosich; Joseph
Fetterly; Richard H.
Russo, II; Anthony W.
Bizjak; Brian E. |
Lebanon
Temecula
South Toms River
Jackson
Red Bank
Bridgewater |
NJ
CA
NJ
NJ
NJ
NJ |
US
US
US
US
US
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
Wheelock, Inc. (Long Branch,
NJ)
|
Family
ID: |
27792160 |
Appl.
No.: |
12/211,663 |
Filed: |
September 16, 2008 |
Prior Publication Data
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Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
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US 20090153339 A1 |
Jun 18, 2009 |
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Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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10323875 |
Dec 19, 2002 |
7428311 |
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60342226 |
Dec 19, 2001 |
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60381605 |
May 17, 2002 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
381/120;
340/286.02; 340/506; 340/291 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G08B
7/066 (20130101); G08B 3/10 (20130101); H04R
27/00 (20130101); H04R 29/007 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H03F
99/00 (20090101) |
Field of
Search: |
;381/120,82,84,77,79
;340/506,286.02,291,311.2,326,286.03,286.11,286.12 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Mei; Xu
Assistant Examiner: Tran; Con P
Parent Case Text
This application is a continuation of U.S. Patent application Ser.
No. 10/323,875, filed Dec. 19, 2002, currently allowed as U.S. Pat.
No. 7,428,311, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional
Application Nos. 60/342,226 filed on Dec. 19, 2001, and No.
60/381,605 filed on May 17, 2002, which are all herein incorporated
by reference.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A notification system, comprising: a notification panel for
generating an audio signal; a first audio booster, deployed
remotely from said notification panel along a circuit, for
receiving said audio signal and for amplifying a power of said
audio signal; and at least one notification appliance for
broadcasting said audio signal that has been amplified, wherein
said first audio booster appears to said notification panel as one
of said at least one notification appliance.
2. The notification system of claim 1, wherein said first audio
booster is supervised for one or more failure or trouble
conditions.
3. The notification system of claim 1, wherein said first audio
booster appears to said notification panel as one of said at least
one notification appliance by drawing a minimal amount of power
from said notification panel.
4. The notification system of claim 1, wherein a notification
appliance of said at least one notification appliance that is
deployed between said notification panel and said first audio
booster receives power from said notification panel, and wherein a
notification appliance of said at least one notification appliance
that is deployed after said first audio booster receives power from
said first audio booster.
5. The notification system of claim 1, further comprising: means
for providing an end of line device.
6. The notification system of claim 5, wherein said means for
providing an end of line device is a resistor.
7. The notification system of claim 5, wherein said means for
providing an end of line device allows said notification panel to
detect an open circuit condition.
8. The notification system of claim 5, wherein said means for
providing an end of line device allows said notification panel to
detect a short circuit condition.
9. The notification system of claim 5, wherein said means for
providing an end of line device allows said notification panel to
detect at least one of: a ground fault, a battery trouble, a
wire-to-wire short, an output audio circuit, an AC failure, an
amplifier trouble, or an input-contact closure of said first audio
booster operating in a battery back-up mode.
10. The notification system of claim 9, wherein said notification
panel upon detecting said first audio booster operating in a
battery back-up mode suspends a secondary operation and only
forwards an emergency message.
11. The notification system of claim 10, wherein said secondary
operation comprises providing at least one of: a background music,
a telephone paging or a night ring.
12. The notification system of claim 5, wherein said notification
panel, said first audio booster and said at least one notification
appliance are deployed using at least four-wires.
13. The notification system of claim 12, further comprising: a
second audio booster for receiving said audio signal and for
amplifying said power of said audio signal.
14. The notification system of claim 13, wherein said means for
providing an end of line device allows said notification panel to
detect at least one of said first and second audio boosters
operating in a battery back-up mode.
15. The notification system of claim 13, wherein said notification
panel provides a signal to said first and second audio boosters to
indicate whether a current message is an emergency message or a
non-emergency message.
16. The notification system of claim 1, further comprising: a
second audio booster for receiving said audio signal and for
amplifying said power of said audio signal.
17. The notification system of claim 16, wherein a notification
appliance of said at least one notification appliance that is
deployed after said second audio booster receives power from said
second audio booster.
18. The notification system of claim 1, wherein said notification
panel, said first audio booster and said at least one notification
appliance are deployed using at least two-wires.
19. A method for providing notification messages, comprising:
providing a notification panel for generating an audio signal;
providing a first audio booster, deployed remotely from said
notification panel along a circuit, for receiving said audio signal
and for amplifying a power of said audio signal; and providing at
least one notification appliance for broadcasting said audio signal
that has been amplified, wherein said first audio booster appears
to said notification panel as one of said at least one notification
appliance.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein said first audio booster is
supervised for one or more failure or trouble conditions.
21. The method of claim 19, wherein said first audio booster
appears to said notification panel as one of said at least one
notification appliance by drawing a minimal amount of power from
said notification panel.
22. The method of claim 19, wherein a notification appliance of
said at least one notification appliance that is deployed between
said notification panel and said first audio booster receives power
from said notification panel, and wherein a notification appliance
of said at least one notification appliance that is deployed after
said first audio booster receives power from said first audio
booster.
23. The method of claim 19, further comprising: providing an end of
line device.
24. The method of claim 23, wherein said end of line device is a
resistor.
25. The method of claim 23, wherein said end of line device allows
said notification panel to detect an open circuit condition.
26. The method of claim 23, wherein said end of line device allows
said notification panel to detect a short circuit condition.
27. The method of claim 23, wherein said end of line device allows
said notification panel to detect said first audio booster
operating in a battery back-up mode.
28. The method of claim 27, further comprising: suspending a
secondary operation and only forwarding emergency messages upon
detecting said first audio booster operating in said battery
back-up mode.
29. The method of claim 28, wherein said secondary operation
comprises at least one of: providing a background music, providing
a telephone paging, or providing a night ring.
30. The method of claim 23, wherein said notification panel, said
first audio booster and said at least one notification appliance
are deployed using at least four-wires.
31. The method of claim 30, further comprising: providing a second
audio booster for receiving said audio signal and for amplifying
said power of said audio signal.
32. The method of claim 31, wherein said end of line device allows
said notification panel to detect at least one of said first and
second audio boosters operating in a battery back-up mode.
33. The method of claim 31, further comprising: providing a signal
to said first and second audio boosters to indicate whether a
current message is an emergency message or a non-emergency
message.
34. The method of claim 19, further comprising: providing a second
audio booster for receiving said audio signal and for amplifying
said power of said audio signal.
35. The method of claim 34, wherein a notification appliance of
said at least one notification appliance that is deployed after
said second audio booster receives power from said second audio
booster.
36. The method of claim 19, wherein said notification panel, said
first audio booster and said at least one notification appliance
are deployed using at least two-wires.
Description
The present invention relates to an apparatus and concomitant
method for boosting an audible signal in a notification system.
More specifically, the present invention provides an audio power
booster to boost the audio signal generated by at least one
notification appliance in a supervised emergency voice evacuation
system.
BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE
An emergency notification system for a facility is often designed
to drive a certain number of notification appliances, e.g., audio
notification appliances, visual notification appliances and both
audio and visual notification appliances. In operation, an
amplifier is often deployed within a centralized panel, e.g., a
fire voice evacuation panel, to achieve this capability.
However, if the facility is expanded such that additional
notification appliances are added to the overall emergency
notification system, the amplifier may not be capable of performing
its functions in a reliable manner. Often it is necessary to modify
or upgrade the panel if the added notification appliances exceed
the capability of the amplifier. This is a costly modification and
may require an extensive period of time where the emergency
notification system is inactivated to allow the modification to be
made, which is undesirable for safety reasons.
Thus, there is a need for an apparatus and concomitant method for
boosting a signal, e.g., an audible signal and/or a power signal,
in a notification system.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is an apparatus and a concomitant method for
boosting a signal, e.g., an audio signal and/or a power signal,
generated by at least one notification appliance in a supervised
emergency voice evacuation system. The present invention deploys an
audio booster within a notification system such that notification
appliances attached after the audio booster will receive power from
the audio booster, whereas notification appliances before the audio
boosters receiver power from the amplifier in the panel. This novel
approach allows the "loop" of the notification system to be
extended without having to modify the panel.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The teachings of the present invention can be readily understood by
considering the following detailed description in conjunction with
the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of a supervised emergency voice
evacuation system of the present invention;
FIGS. 2A-2J illustrate a schematic diagram of a power booster
battery charger of the present invention;
FIGS. 3A-3T illustrate a schematic diagram of a 160 watt audio
booster of the present invention;
FIGS. 4A-4P illustrate a schematic diagram of a power booster
strobe and control circuit of the present invention;
FIGS. 5A-5D illustrate a schematic diagram of power booster current
limiter circuits of the present invention;
FIG. 6 illustrates a two-wire configuration;
FIG. 7 illustrates a four-wire configuration;
FIGS. 8A-8D illustrate a schematic diagram of a voice evacuation
panel (SP 40/2) digital voice output circuit of the present
invention;
FIGS. 9A-9D illustrate a schematic diagram of a voice evacuation
panel (SP 40/2) digital voice input circuit of the present
invention;
FIGS. 10A-10D illustrate a schematic diagram of a voice evacuation
panel (SP 40/2) audio output circuit of the present invention;
FIGS. 11A-11D illustrate a schematic diagram of a voice evacuation
panel (SP 40/2) auxiliary input circuit of the present
invention;
FIGS. 12A-12I illustrate a schematic diagram of a voice evacuation
panel (SP 40/2) power supply battery charger of the present
invention;
FIGS. 13A-13I illustrate a schematic diagram of a voice evacuation
panel (SP 40/2) strobe circuit of the present invention;
FIGS. 14A-14I illustrate a schematic diagram of a voice evacuation
panel (SP 40/2) amplifier circuit of the present invention;
FIGS. 15A and 15B illustrate a schematic diagram of a voice
evacuation panel (SP 40/2) microphone pre-amp circuit of the
present invention;
FIGS. 16A-16D illustrate a schematic diagram of a voice evacuation
panel (SP 40/2) micro-controller circuit of the present
invention;
FIGS. 17A and 17B illustrate a schematic diagram of a voice
evacuation panel (SP 40/2) tone generator circuit of the present
invention;
FIGS. 18A-18D illustrate a schematic diagram of a voice evacuation
panel (SP 40/2) BGMITEL circuit of the present invention;
FIGS. 19A-19D illustrate a schematic diagram of a voice evacuation
panel (SP 40/2) status circuit of the present invention;
FIGS. 20A-20D illustrate a schematic diagram of a voice evacuation
panel (SP 40/2) audio mixer of the present invention;
FIGS. 21A-21D illustrate a schematic diagram of a voice evacuation
panel (SP 40/2) GND fault circuit of the present invention;
FIGS. 22A-22D illustrate a schematic diagram of an audio booster
(SPB-160) audio booster power circuits of the present
invention;
FIGS. 23A-23P illustrate a schematic diagram of an 160-watt audio
booster (SPB-160) of the present invention; and
FIGS. 24A-24I illustrate a schematic diagram of an audio booster
(SPB-160) control and misc. circuits of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of a supervised emergency voice
evacuation system or a supervised notification system of the
present invention. The basic concept of the present invention is to
provide an amplification to audio (e.g., voice) applications in an
evacuation system by the use of an audio booster 110. This booster
could be attached at any point along a speaker circuit, appearing
to the Fire Voice Evacuation Panel amplifier or pre-amplifier 120
driving the circuit as a fire speaker.
A supervised emergency voice evacuation system relates to a system
where amplifiers within the notification system are monitored for
failures or trouble conditions. For example, the audio boosters 110
of the present invention are "supervised".
In one present embodiment, each booster could provide 80 or 160
Watts of additional audio power to the original power available
from the Voice Evacuation Panel 130. The boosters would supervise
their respective lines using the monitoring circuit as disclosed in
US patent application entitled "Method And Apparatus For
Supervising An Audio Circuit With Continuous Audio", filed on Jul.
19, 2000 with Ser. No. 09/619,544, which is herein incorporated by
reference. If a trouble condition were determined (either a short,
ground or open) the booster would change its input characteristics.
This would look like an open to the Voice Evacuation Panel
indicating a trouble condition somewhere on the overall speaker
circuit.
The audio booster 110 appears to be like a Notification Appliance
to the fire panel, i.e., drawing almost no current. When attached
to a Notification Appliance loop, they allow the loop to be
extended with additional Notification Appliance units. The fire
panel provides the power to those appliances which are attached
before the booster, whereas the booster provides power to those
appliances attached after the booster. When the fire panel goes
into alarm, the booster senses the change in polarity on the loop
and turns on its own loop(s). It should be noted that "T" tapping
is typically not preferred. In practice, the audio boosters 110 and
the notification appliances are deployed along the main loop, i.e.,
two wires coming from a previous device and two wires going to the
next device and so on. However, for illustration purposes, these
audio boosters 110 in FIG. 1 are shown below the main loop to
illustrate that they are providing power to auxiliary Loops 1 and
2.
In two embodiments, the audio boosters are implemented to provide
80 or 160 Watts of additional audio power. Those skilled in the art
will realize that audio boosters with other wattages can be
implemented in view of the present disclosure. Thus, the
specifications for the PBA-80 (or SPB-80) and PBA-160 (or SPB-160)
as presented below are only illustrative of the present
invention.
In one embodiment, the (PBA-80) power booster/amplifier
incorporates an 80-watt amplifier with 25 or 70 V output (100 V for
export) and 4 amps of synchronized NAC strobe power. In a second
embodiment, the (PBA-160) power booster/amplifier incorporates two
80-watt amplifiers with 25 or 70 V output (100 V for export).
Additional power amplifier/boosters can be added via input and
output loops to accommodate larger system requirements. Additional
zone splitters can be added to divide the amplifier into additional
speaker zones. System has battery backup.
The PBA-80 and PBA-160 Emergency Voice Evacuation Audio Power
Amplifier (and synchronized NAC Strobe power booster--PBA-80), can
be deployed for use in fire, emergency and non-fire: BGM and paging
applications. The amplifiers can be connected to any SafePath.TM.
or VoiceEvac.TM. panel of Wheelock Inc. to increase the system
audio/synchronized NAC Strobe power requirements. Up to 100 systems
can be added to any SafePath or VoiceEvac panel offering up to:
PBA-80 8,000 watts of supervised audio power and 400 amps of
synchronized 24 VDC NAC circuit power
PBA-160 16,000 watts of supervised audio power
The power boosters can be powered by 120 VAC (240 VDC option
available for export) and have 24 VDC battery back up capabilities.
Batteries can be mounted within the cabinet. The power boosters
shall be capable of audio supervision during BGM. The power
boosters are capable of delivering intelligible voice reproduction.
The present system can be deployed in markets such as OSHA related
installations, restaurants, franchised national restaurants,
educational facilities, institutional facilities,
offices/warehouses, plants, retail establishments, hotels &
motels, and churches & synagogues (Houses of Worship). The
system is designed for new construction as well as for retrofit
construction.
The present invention provides various features or functionalities,
but the present invention is not so limited. Namely, the list of
features, functionalities and specifications below is only
illustrative of the present invention. It allows units to be
connected together for expandability and to provide additional
audio power and synchronized Strobe NAC power as required. When the
system is activated via an alarm condition, all non-emergency
operations shall be disengaged from the system. This will also
minimize secondary power supply requirements (battery current
draw). Preset audio levels can be set for Emergency messaging
(prerecorded and live mic)--system to revert back to a pre set
level regardless of the volume set for general paging and BGM. The
emergency/fire message shall follow requirements as specified in a
particular implementation. Battery charging capabilities are
designed to meet various standards, e.g., NFPA-72 (1999) battery
charging requirements section 1-5.2.9.2 (page 72-22) It has the
ability to connect to speaker splitter modules. Amplifier
Specifications: Use of the SafePath supervised 80 watt amplifier
design can be incorporated. Fully supervised circuitry always in
effect--even during BGM. Switch mode class--D amplifier. Power
limited circuitry. Speaker outputs: 70 V, 25 V (100V available for
export). Frequency Response: Voice 275 Hz-6.5 kHz+/-2.4 dB (UL 864,
UL1480). BGM: 100 Hz-15 kHz+/-2.4 dB. Signal to Noise Ratio: better
than 65 dB. (Difference between the nominal level and the noise
floor, the higher the better) Dynamic range: better than 65 dB.
(Difference between the loudest and quietest portions of the
program signal, the higher the better) Total Harmonic Distortion:
less than 1%. Note: A weighted filter enabled Ability to expand by
connecting additional systems via 25 or 70 volt inputs and outputs
(100 V for export). Shall be compatible with all SafePath models.
On board In/Out loop for connection of an EQ, limiter, processors,
etc. Synchronized NAC Strobe Specifications:
All synchronized NAC Strobe specifications are to be the same as
other Wheelock synchronized NAC Strobe specifications.
Power Supply/Charger Specifications:
Use of the 200 watt supply being incorporated in the 8 amp power
booster and VoiceEvac-40.
Inputs--Audio:
Screw terminal inputs.
Auxiliary input (70 volt/1 V) (100V for export).
Telephone input.
Terminals to accept 18 gauge solid wire.
Outputs:
25/70 volt audio output (100 V for export).
24 VDC NAC output.
Terminals to accept 18 gauge solid wire.
Preset volume and frequency setting for fire/emergency use.
Controls:
Large buttons/switches clearly labeled.
For Voice Evacuation: (tone and volume preset as per code).
For BGM and Paging: Independent volume and tone--(bass and treble)
controls --these controls can be a board mounted potentiometer.
Diagnostics:
Multiple LEDS for easy indication of system diagnostic
conditions.
Indication label mounted on inside door panel (for easy
reference).
Supervision LED indicator on panel.
Field replaceable fuses shall be incorporated where overload may
occur in accordance with UL.
General:
No supervisory/system tones shall be heard through the
amplifier--operation is to be silent.
Internal battery charger--power supply.
Quick connect/disconnect terminal plugs.
Options:
Export version (240V) with 100 V audio output amplifiers.
FIGS. 2A-2J illustrate a schematic diagram of a power booster
battery charger 200 of the present invention. The power booster
battery charger 200 comprises an AC low detect circuit 210, a
battery low detect circuit 220, a 5 VDC regulator circuit 230, a
battery charger circuit 240, and a power control & monitoring
circuit 250. The present design also utilizes an Off-Line switching
power supply (a DC power supply 260) that converts AC Line power to
27-28Vdc that can power the amplifier and support circuitry.
Specifically, AC low detect circuit 210 takes the AC Line voltage,
rectifies it and compares the level to a reference. If the level is
in the normal range above the reference, the optocoupler on the
output is switched ON to signal that AC Line is NORMAL. If the AC
Line happens to be lower than the reference level or OFF, than the
output optocoupler will be OFF signaling that AC is LOW.
Battery low detect circuit 220 ensures that a battery is installed
and meets a minimum voltage requirement determined by a reference
level set by the 5Vdc Regulator Circuit through resistor R62. The
battery level must be greater than 18.5Vdc to be recognized by this
circuit as NORMAL. If the battery is lower or not present,
comparator U18 will signal that a Battery LOW condition exists.
5VDC regulator circuit 230 provides a precise 5Vdc level/power to
any circuit within the booster that requires it. In this design, a
switch mode dc to dc convertor was used to provide the needed power
while remaining much cooler (than a linear regulator).
Battery charger circuit 240 uses the regulated voltage from the DC
POWER SUPPLY (27-28Vdc) to charge the batteries (12V.times.2). It
feeds the voltage directly to the batteries but limits the current
to approximately 0.5 amps. If the batteries are drained, the
batteries will pull the full 0.5 amps. As the batteries reach full
charge, the current will fall to a much lower level
(trickle-charge). An ON/OFF capability is provided to allow the
microcontroller U7 to turn OFF the charger while doing the Battery
Low test.
The power control and monitoring circuit 250 employs a
microcontroller U7 that is used to monitor and control power into
the booster. If AC is LOW or failed, LED D27 "AC TRB" is
illuminated and power is derived from Battery through relay K1 and
diode D90. If Battery is LOW or failed, LED D26 "BAT TRB" is
illuminated and power drawn from the DC POWER SUPPLY (through relay
K1) powered by the AC Line.
FIGS. 3A-3T illustrate a schematic diagram of a 160 watt audio
booster 300 of the present invention. In one embodiment, the audio
booster 300 comprises an audio amplifier 310, an audio input
circuit 320, audio output circuits 330, a peak detector 340, an
aux-input circuit 350, an amplifier supervision tone generator 360,
an amp supervision circuit 370 and audio output supervision circuit
380.
In one embodiment, the audio booster 300 of the present invention
employs a class D audio amplifier 310. At the heart of the
amplifier is the PWM Controller U6 (HIP4080A) that takes the audio
from the Pre-amplifier and converts it to PWM (Pulse With
Modulation). (The PWM frequency is determined by the CLOCK
Circuit.) The PWM Controller drives the PWM signal into the four
MOS-FET's in the Power Stage. The signal from the Power Stage is
channeled through the Filter Stage to remove most of the switching
frequencies allowing the audio power to be extracted. A current
Limiter is employed at the Power Stage to ensure the current
through the MOS-FET's does not exceed design specs. If an
over-current does occur, the Shut-Down Circuit is activated
shutting down U6. A connection to microcontroller U17 is provided
through the Microcontroller Control Input Circuit to allow the
amplifier to be put to "SLEEP" under certain condition such as AC
Fail. The Under Voltage Lockout Circuit ensures that there is at
least 18Vdc available before the amplifier is enabled.
The audio input circuit 320 connects the MAIN LOOP as shown in FIG.
1 to the amplifier. The audio level is attenuated from 25V or 70.7V
to pre-amp level and conditioned. A microcontroller input is
provided to allow the audio to be switched ON or OFF through
software if the need arises.
The audio output circuits 330 operate such that the output from the
PWM OUTPUT FILTER is fed through an audio power transformer to
provide a selectable output level of 25V, 70.7V or 100Vrms. For an
80 W booster, this would feed power to the AUXILIARY LOOP #1. For a
160W booster, the output would be split to feed two loop, AUXILIARY
LOOP #1 and AUXILIARY LOOP #2.
The peak detector 340 is used to determine if an audio input signal
is present on the MAIN LOOP when AC Fails and running on Battery.
If it is, this is interpreted to be an ALARM and the amplifier is
turned back ON from SLEEP. It is only used in Two-Wire Mode and
disabled in Four-Wire Mode as discussed below.
The AUX-INPUT circuit 350 provides a means for an ALARM input
signal to the booster in FOUR-WIRE MODE. This will activate the
amplifier in the event it may be in SLEEP mode due to loss of AC
power. The input is switchable between C.C. (Contact-Closure) or
NAC (Notification Appliance Circuit). In C.C. mode, the input is
supervised for an OPEN circuit by the AUX-IN SUPERVISION CIRCUIT.
Jumper W1 must be removed and a 10,000 ohm End Of Line Resistor is
required. If AUX-INPUT is activated, the EXP-OUTPUT will also
activate.
The AUX-INPUT circuit 350 also employs an AUX/AUDIO trouble relay.
In the event that a TROUBLE condition occurs in the booster, this
relay K8 will release and place the AUDIO TROUBLE RESISTORS (5,000
ohms) on the MAIN LOOP as an indication of TROUBLE.
The amplifier supervision tone generator 360 operates such that in
the absence of an audio input from the MAIN LOOP, the tone
generator provides an audio tone burst used to verify the amplifier
is working. In this design, it consists of a microcontroller U27
that generates a tone and some signal conditioning circuitry to
provide waveshaping and a level adjustment. A microcontroller (TONE
GEN. CONTROL) input is provided to allow the tone to be switched ON
and OFF through software.
The amp supervision circuit 370 is a detector circuit that responds
to audio on the output of the amplifier. The microcontroller checks
this circuit periodically to determine if the amplifier is working
NORMALLY. If the circuit does not detect audio when interrogated,
an AMP TROUBLE is indicated by the microcontroller U17.
The AUD1/AUD2 output supervision circuits 380 operate such that
audio output wiring of AUXILIARY LOOP #1 and #2 are supervised by
these circuits. If an OPEN or SHORT is detected, a TROUBLE is
reported and the appropriate LED's will light. A 10,000 ohm End Of
Line (EOL) Resistor is required on the last device (speaker) as
shown in FIG. 1.
FIGS. 4A-4P illustrate a schematic diagram of a power booster
strobe and control circuit 400 of the present invention.
Specifically, in one embodiment of the present invention, the audio
booster is deployed with a power booster for providing power to a
notification appliance having visual notification capability, e.g.,
a strobe. In one embodiment, the power booster strobe and control
circuit 400 comprises a main controller 410, an EXP-OUT Circuit
420, an EXP-OUT supervision circuit 430, trouble output contacts
440, a strobe input circuit 450, a strobe controller 460, strobe
output circuits 470, and strobe output supervision circuits
480.
Specifically, the main controller 410 (with a watchdog timer)
monitors the various supervision circuits and reports TROUBLE when
problems are found. If AC fails, this microcontroller will put the
amplifier in SLEEP mode unless an ALARM is present. The watchdog
timer ensures that the main controller itself is working properly.
If not, it initiates a reset to the main controller.
The EXP-OUT circuit 420 is a NAC type DC output that basically will
follow the AUX-INPUT signal when an ALARM is present in FOUR-WIRE
MODE. It can be used to relay the ALARM signal to addition
boosters' AUX-INPUTS (NAC only mode). Up to 0.5 amps is provided
when an ALARM is present.
The EXP-OUT supervision circuit 430 operates such that it is used
with a 10,000 ohm End Of Line Resistor, where this circuit
supervises the output wiring from EXP-OUT to any devices connected,
e.g., other boosters AUX-INPUTS. If an OPEN or SHORT is detected,
TROUBLE is reported.
The trouble output contacts 440 are general purpose contacts for
reporting TROUBLE condition and the strobe input circuit 450
operates such that the input (a strobe alarm signal) can be
selected as Contact Closure (C.C.) or NAC and is used to trigger
the strobe outputs.
The strobe controller 460 provides a link between STROBE INPUT and
OUTPUT as well as the capability to generate sync pulses in SYNC
MODE to synchronize strobes or capability to follow sync pulses
from the input side in PASS THRU MODE.
The strobe 1 and 2 outputs 470 follows STROBE INPUT and provides up
to 2 amps to each output to power addition strobes. The strobe 1
and 2 supervision circuits 480 operate such that output wiring is
supervised with a 10,000 ohm End Of Line Resistor installed on each
circuit. Any OPEN or SHORT condition will be reported as
TROUBLE.
FIGS. 5A-5D illustrate a schematic diagram of power booster current
limiter circuits of the present invention. Specifically, the AMP 1
and 2 power limiter circuits 510 are operated such that audio
outputs are constantly monitors by these circuits using a current
sensing resistor method. If the output power exceeds 150 to 200
watts, the output is disconnected by the corresponding relay K5 or
K6. The output will remain OFF until power is cycled OFF and back
ON. This approach protects the remaining unaffected output and to
provide the user with a "POWER LIMITED" capability.
The strobe 1 and 2 power limiter circuits 520 are operated such
that the strobe outputs are monitored during ALARM mode using the
current sensing resistor method, as well. If the output current
reaches the 4 to 7 amp range, the output will be disabled by
switching OFF the corresponding MOS-FET. The output can be restored
by resetting the ALARM condition. By remaining below 200 watts, the
output complies with "POWER LIMITED" requirements.
In alternative embodiments, the present audio booster is adapted to
address the situation where the audio booster loses AC power. In
such a scenario, it is desirable to conserve the battery backup
power of the audio booster for broadcasting emergency messages
only. Namely, if the voice evacuation panel 130 is broadcasting
non-emergency messages, e.g., background music or general paging,
and the audio booster 110 has lost AC power, then without a
mechanism to inform the voice evacuation panel of the failure or a
mechanism for the audio booster to selectively ignore non-emergency
messages, the audio booster will continue to broadcast the
non-emergency messages, thereby draining the back-up battery. If a
subsequent emergency message is broadcasted at a later time, the
audio booster may not have enough power to perform its
functions.
To address this situation, the present invention provides two
alternate embodiments. The first embodiment is a "two-wire"
approach and the second embodiment is a "four-wire" approach.
FIG. 6 illustrates the two-wire configuration. In this embodiment,
the voice evacuation panel 610 or 130 of FIG. 1 is capable of
detecting when an audio booster 620 is operating under battery
back-up power, by monitoring the end of line resistance, e.g., a
10K Ohm resistor 630.
In operation, if a predefined resistance, e.g., 10K Ohm, is
detected as the end of line resistance, then the voice evacuation
panel 610 will determine that the audio boosters are operating
normally. If a very high resistance, e.g., infinite, is detected as
the end of line resistance, then the voice evacuation panel 610
will determine that there is a break in the line. If a very low
resistance, e.g., zero resistance, is detected as the end of line
resistance, then the voice evacuation panel 610 will determine that
there is a short in the line. Finally, if a predefined intermediate
resistance, e.g., 5K Ohm, is detected as the end of line
resistance, then the voice evacuation panel 610 will determine that
at least one of the audio boosters is operating in battery backup
mode. Namely, when the AC power fails in the audio booster 620, an
additional 10K ohm resistance is made parallel with the EOLR. This
effectively lowers the detected resistance below 10K Ohm.
Specifically, supervision of the audio booster is performed over
the same two wires used by the audio input signal. If any one audio
booster 620 connected in the system goes into trouble, all
secondary operations (background music (BGM), telephone paging, and
night ring) will disengage from all audio boosters connected in the
system, i.e., the voice evacuation panel will only forward
emergency messages. This method conserves battery backup power, if
AC power is lost. When an alarm message or a live voice message
from the microphone is broadcast by the SP40/2 voice evacuation
panel 610, the audio booster amplifier section is energized and the
message is broadcast.
Connecting 2 to 20 SPB-160 boosters to an SP-40/2 in the two wire
mode is accomplished by connecting the audio returns (AUD RET) to
the next audio input (AUD IN), and placing the UL Listed 10K Ohm
EOLR on the last AUD RET. Jumper W10 shall be installed.
In one embodiment, the SP-40/2 (610) is a Voice Evacuation Panel
with a 40 watt audio output. Using only the TWO-WIRE MAIN LOOP, up
to 20 Audio Boosters (620), SPB-160 or SPB-80/4, can be connected.
It should be noted that the limit of 20 audio boosters comes from
the 40 watt source divided by 2 watts per booster input. If a
larger source were used, more boosters could be added. In addition,
if the 2 watt per booster limit is changed, more boosters may be
used.
A 10,000 ohm End Of Line Resistor (630) is added to the last device
so the line can be supervised. The PEAK DETECTOR should be
activated by installing Jumper W10 on the booster and the SP-40/2
should be set to disable any NON-ALARM audio during TROUBLE
conditions. This allows the amplifier to stay in SLEEP mode if AC
power fails, thus conserving Battery power. If an ALARM does occur,
the PEAK DETECTOR will wake-up the amplifier in the booster.
FIG. 7 illustrates the four-wire configuration or mode. In this
configuration, four wires are deployed. The added wires allow
individual boosters to determine whether to broadcast the
non-emergency messages or to only broadcast emergency messages.
Namely, the additional wires provide a signal from the voice
evacuation panel to each audio booster as to whether the current
message is an emergency or non-emergency message.
In operation, the audio booster has a jumper to define whether it
is operating in a two-wire or a four wire configuration. If the
jumper is set to the four-wire configuration and the AC power for a
particular audio booster has failed, then only that audio booster
will operate in a manner that only emergency messages are
broadcasted. In other words, once AC power has failed, the audio
booster will monitor on the additional wire as to whether a current
message is an emergency message. If the message is a non-emergency
message, the audio booster operating with battery-backup power will
not broadcast the non-emergency message, thereby conserving power.
In this configuration, audio boosters that have AC power will
continue to operate normally, whereas audio boosters with failed AC
power will operate in a power conservation mode.
Specifically, the Four Wire Audio Mode is used when multiple Audio
Boosters are used on the output of the SP40/2 and it is not
desirable to loose secondary operations when a single audio booster
goes into trouble. Only that Audio Booster 720 with failed AC power
will loose secondary operations. An 8-33VDC NAC or a contact
closure applied to the AUX IN terminals will energize the Audio
Booster on battery backup and have it broadcast the message.
Connecting 2 to 20 SPB-160 panels to an SP-40/2 in the four wire
mode is accomplished by connecting the audio output (AUD OUT) from
the SP-40/2 to the master SPB-160 audio input (AUD IN). The UL
Listed 10K Ohm EOLR shall be placed on the last SPB-160 AUD
RET.
On the master SPB-160 panel, connect the SP40/2 "normally open" and
"common" alarm relay connections to the AUX IN connections. Connect
a UL Listed 10K Ohm EOLR across the AUX RET connections. Place the
switch SW1 in the "CC" position. Remove jumper on W1 and W10.
Connect the EXP OUT on the master SPB-160 to the AUX IN of the
second SPB-160. Connect the AUX RET to the next SPB-160 AUX IN and
continue to the last SPB-160. The UL Listed 10K OHM EOLR on the
last AUX RET on the last SPB-160.
On SPB-160 panels 2 through 20, set SW1 to NAC. Insure jumper W1 is
in place. Remove jumper W10.
When the contact closure is used in the 4-wire mode, jumper W1
shall be removed on the master SPB-160 and installed on subsequent
SPB-160 panels. If jumper W1 is removed and an EOLR is not
installed, the TROUBLE LED D24 and the AUX TRB LED will be
lighted.
In the four-wire embodiment, the same connection is made from the
MAIN LOOP to each of up to 20 audio boosters (720). Either SPB-160
or SPB-80/4 can be employed. An additional pair of wires connects
from the SP-40/2 ALARM contacts to the AUX-INPUT (C.C. mode) of the
first booster which becomes the MASTER. The AUX-OUT NAC type
circuit is used to provide the ALARM signal to the remaining 19
REMOTE audio boosters' AUX-INPUT (NAC mode), where the last device
should have a 10,000 ohm End Of Line Resistor installed. The peak
detector (W10) should be disabled in this configuration since a
hardwired ALARM signal is now available.
It should be noted that the terms PBA and SPB are used
interchangeably in the present disclosure. FIGS. 8-21 are
illustrative schematic diagrams for the voice evacuation panel.
FIGS. 8A-8D and FIGS. 9A-9D illustrate the digital voice (DV)
input/output circuit. In one embodiment, this circuit is used to
record or playback up to 3 DV messages. Message playback is
initiated by one of the three NAC inputs. Recording the DV messages
is initiated by removing jumper W1 and closing position 4 on SW3.
The record LED (D34) will illuminate and the microphone MIC1 will
become active for recording. Voice messages are stored on U8 and
the microcontroller (U6) monitors the inputs and controls the
playback and recording of the messages. This circuit is constantly
supervised.
FIGS. 10A-10D illustrate an audio output circuit. In one
embodiment, the output from the Amplifier passes through the audio
power transformer to provide a selectable output level of 25V or
70.7Vrms. The output can reach a maximum of 40 Watts. This circuit
also provides supervision for the audio amplifier and the Audio
Output. If an audio OPEN or SHORT is detected, a TROUBLE is
reported and the appropriate LED's will illuminate. A 10,000 ohm
End Of Line Resistor is required on the last device (speaker). This
circuit (along with the main microcontroller, U14) determines when
audio should be shut off when audio boosters are connected in
2-wire system.
FIGS. 11A-11D illustrate an auxiliary input circuit. In one
embodiment, this circuit consists of 2 parts, the audio and the
controls. The audio section can accept a 1V, 25V, 70.7V, or a
100Vrms audio input, provide filtering, and pass the signal through
to the audio mixer. The control section is initiated by a NAC or
Contact Closure (CC) input depending on the setting of SW4.
Initiating the control circuit will notify the main microcontroller
that the Auxiliary should be passed through the audio mixer. In CC
mode this circuit will also supervise for a 10,000 ohm End Of Line
Resistor if jumper W5 is removed. A trouble here would be indicated
by the illumination of the proper LED's.
FIGS. 12A-12I illustrate a power supply/battery charger. In one
embodiment, this circuit serves several functions.
AC Low Detect Circuit--This section of the circuit takes the AC
Line voltage, rectifies it and compares the level to a reference.
If the level is in the normal range above the reference, the
optocoupler (U33) is switched ON to signal that AC Line is NORMAL.
If the AC Line happens to be lower than the reference level or OFF,
than the optocoupler will be signaling that AC is LOW.
Power Supply--If rectified full wave voltage is applied to TB1, the
AC LED (D11) will illuminate and this voltage will be used to power
the SP40/2. If this voltage is not present, the system will rely on
DC power supplied by the batteries (2*12V).
Battery Charger Circuit--The charger uses regulated DC voltage from
U2 to charge the batteries. It feeds the voltage directly to the
batteries but limits the current to approximately 0.5 amps. If the
batteries are drained, they will pull the full 0.5 amps. As they
reach full chare, the current will fall to a much lower level
(trickle-charge). If the batteries are missing or have a low
voltage (less than 18.5 Volts) a trouble will be reported.
5V Regulated Circuit--This provides a precise 5Vdc level/power to
any circuit within the SP40 that requires it.
Microcontroller--The microcontroller (U4) supervises all of the
functions of this circuit. If a Battery or AC trouble occur the
proper LED's will be illuminated.
FIGS. 13A-13I illustrate a strobe circuit. In one embodiment, this
circuit serves several functions.
Strobe Input Circuit--A NAC input or the initiation of a DV message
can be used to trigger the STROBE OUTPUT.
Strobe Controller--Provides a link between STROBE INPUT and OUTPUT
as well as the capability to generate sync pulses in SYNC MODE to
synchronize strobes, capability to follow sync pulses from the
input side in PASS THRU MODE, or the capability of providing a
constant 24 Volts on the STROBE OUTPUT.
Strobe Output--Follows STROBE INPUT and provides up to 2 amps to
the output to power strobes. (MOS-FET's are employed to generate
SYNC pulse on the outputs under control of STROBE CONTROLLER.)
Strobe Supervision--Output wiring is supervised with a 10,000 ohm
End Of Line Resistor installed on the circuit. Any OPEN or SHORT
condition will be reported as TROUBLE.
Strobe Power Limiting--The strobe output is monitored during ALARM
mode using the Current Sensing Resistor method. If the output
current reaches the 4 to 7 amp range, the output will be disabled
by switching OFF the MOS-FETs. Resetting the power to the SP40 can
restore the output. By remaining below 200 watts, the output
complies with "POWER LIMITED" requirements.
FIGS. 14A-14I illustrate an amplifier circuit. In one embodiment,
at the heart of the amplifier is the PWM Controller U27 (HIP4080A)
which takes the audio from the Pre-amplifier and converts it to PWM
(Pulse With Modulation). (The PWM frequency is determined by the
CLOCK Circuit.) The PWM Controller drives the PWM signal into the
four MOS-FET's in the Power Stage. The signal from the Power Stage
is channeled through the Filter Stage to remove most of the
switching frequencies allowing the audio power to be extracted. A
current Limiter is employed at the Power Stage to ensure the
current through the MOS-FET's does not exceed design specs. If an
over-current does occur, the Shut-Down Circuit is activated
shutting down U27. A connection to microcontroller U14 is provided
through the Microcontroller Control Input Circuit to allow the
amplifier to be put to SLEEP under certain condition like AC Fail.
The Under Voltage Lockout Circuit ensures that there is at least
18Vdc available before the amplifier is enabled. This circuit also
contains Amplifier Power Limiting. Audio output is constantly
monitors by using a Current Sensing Resistor method. If the current
through the Fets exceed 15 to 20 amps, the output is disconnected
by disabling the FETs. The output will remain OFF until power is
cycled OFF and back ON. This provides the user with a "POWER
LIMITED" capability.
FIGS. 15A and 15B illustrate a microphone circuit. In one
embodiment, this circuit allows a hand-held microphone to be
connected for live voice announcements. The circuit amplifies and
filters the audio being passed through the microphone. The
Microphone is constantly supervised for a missing or damaged
condition. This circuit also detects if the microphone button is
being pushed and reports this information to the main
microcontroller (U14).
FIGS. 16A-16D illustrate a main microcontroller circuit (with
watchdog timer). This circuit monitors the various supervision
circuits and reports TROUBLE when problems are found. If AC fails,
this micro will put the amplifier in SLEEP mode unless an ALARM is
present. The WATCHDOG TIMER ensures that the MAIN CONTROLLER itself
is working properly. If not, it initiates a reset to the MAIN
CONTROLLER. This circuit also monitors the various inputs and
determines which one should be permitted to pass through the mixer
to the output. This decision is made based on a pre-determined
priority schedule.
FIGS. 17A and 17B illustrate a tone generator circuit. In one
embodiment, this circuit accepts a command from the main
microcontroller (U14) and accordingly outputs one of four tones to
the mixer. The four tones are a 20kHz-supervision tone, code 3,
slow whoop, and bell. In the absence of an audio input, this
circuit provides an audio tone burst (20 kHz tone) used to verify
that the amplifier is still functioning properly. If the tone is
not detected in the AUDIO OUTPUT CIRCUIT, a TROUBLE will be
reported.
FIGS. 18A-18D illustrate a BGM/TEL circuit. In one embodiment, this
circuit accepts 3 types of inputs: Background Music (BGM),
Telephone(TEL), and Night Ringer (NR). Providing a Contact Closure
on the NR input will initiate the Bell tone from the tone generator
circuit. The TEL input is obtained from a telephone circuit for
live telephone paging. The BGM input is obtained from a line-level
audio source. There are Volume adjustments and tone controls (Bass
and Treble) for the BGM and TEL inputs. Amplification and filtering
is also applied to the BGM and TEL inputs.
FIGS. 19A-19D illustrate a status circuit. In one embodiment, this
circuit contains three parts: Trouble Relay, Alarm Relay, and
Audible Trouble. When an ALARM is active the relay (K6) will
transfer. When any TROUBLE is detected the relay (K5) will transfer
and the piezo (P1) will sound. The audible trouble notification can
be silenced by close switch (SW1) momentarily. This circuit also
contains LED's that are illuminated during different trouble
conditions.
FIGS. 20A-20D illustrate an audio mixer circuit. In one embodiment,
this circuit allows audio from one or more inputs to pass into the
amplifier and to the AUDIO OUTPUT. The main microcontroller
provides the signal to the audio mixer that determines which inputs
to pass. This circuit is also a pre-amp and filter.
FIGS. 21A-21 D illustrate a ground fault circuit. This is
essentially a window comparator that tests for a DC level. If an
output is accidentally connected to Earth Ground, a DC level will
be applied to the ground and will be detected by this circuit. As a
result of an unwanted ground, LED D60 will light to indicate there
is a GROUND FAULT and TROUBLE will be reported. Removing Jumper W6
disables this circuit.
FIGS. 22A-22D, 23A-23P and 24A-24I are alternate illustrative
schematic diagrams for the audio booster. For example, FIGS.
22A-22D, 23A-23P and 24A-24I collectively form a particular
implementation of an audio booster of the present invention.
Namely, various modules and circuits as disclosed above can be
adapted or changed to form a particular booster. For example, if
strobe power amplification is not necessary, this feature and its
associated circuitry can be omitted in the audio booster.
Although various embodiments which incorporate the teachings of the
present invention have been shown and described in detail herein,
those skilled in the art can readily devise many other varied
embodiments that still incorporate these teachings.
* * * * *