U.S. patent number 8,186,377 [Application Number 11/887,727] was granted by the patent office on 2012-05-29 for fluid on-off valve device.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha. Invention is credited to Tsukuo Ishitoya, Nobuo Kobayashi, Nobuyuki Ogami, Akira Yamashita.
United States Patent |
8,186,377 |
Ishitoya , et al. |
May 29, 2012 |
Fluid on-off valve device
Abstract
A check valve (fluid on-off valve device) capable of attaining
high sealability in either case where a differential pressure is
high or low, comprises a valve body assembly (valve body)
contacting and separating from a valve seat portion for
communicating and blocking a fluid passage. The valve body assembly
comprises a valve body, a low-pressure seal portion constituted out
of soft material and a high-pressure seal portion constituted out
of harder material than the low-pressure seal portion. In blocking
a fluid passage, when a differential pressure between an upstream
path and a downstream path in the fluid passage is relatively low,
the low-pressure seal portion comes into close contact with a
protrusion to block the fluid passage, while when the differential
pressure is relatively high, the low-pressure seal portion is
compressively deformed by the differential pressure and the
high-pressure seal portion comes into close contact with the valve
seat body, thus blocking the fluid passage.
Inventors: |
Ishitoya; Tsukuo (Toyota,
JP), Kobayashi; Nobuo (Toyota, JP), Ogami;
Nobuyuki (Anjo, JP), Yamashita; Akira (Toyota,
JP) |
Assignee: |
Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha
(Toyota-shi, JP)
|
Family
ID: |
37115201 |
Appl.
No.: |
11/887,727 |
Filed: |
April 13, 2006 |
PCT
Filed: |
April 13, 2006 |
PCT No.: |
PCT/JP2006/308258 |
371(c)(1),(2),(4) Date: |
October 02, 2007 |
PCT
Pub. No.: |
WO2006/112491 |
PCT
Pub. Date: |
October 26, 2006 |
Prior Publication Data
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Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
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US 20090267014 A1 |
Oct 29, 2009 |
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Foreign Application Priority Data
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Apr 14, 2005 [JP] |
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2005-117597 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
137/516.29;
137/517; 251/333 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F16J
15/104 (20130101); F16K 1/44 (20130101); F16K
25/005 (20130101); F16K 15/025 (20130101); F16J
15/48 (20130101); Y10T 137/7868 (20150401); Y10T
137/7869 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
F16K
15/00 (20060101) |
Field of
Search: |
;137/516.25,516.27,516.29,517,509 ;251/333,332 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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1213100 |
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Nov 1970 |
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GB |
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S55-31023 |
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Feb 1980 |
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JP |
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S58-84459 |
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Jun 1983 |
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JP |
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H02-16871 |
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Feb 1990 |
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JP |
|
H04-49421 |
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Nov 1992 |
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JP |
|
8-233135 |
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Sep 1996 |
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JP |
|
2741426 |
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Jan 1998 |
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JP |
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2002-295711 |
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Oct 2002 |
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JP |
|
2004-204946 |
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Jul 2004 |
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JP |
|
2004-204947 |
|
Jul 2004 |
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JP |
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WO 00/65256 |
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Nov 2000 |
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WO |
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Primary Examiner: Lee; Kevin
Assistant Examiner: Brown; Macade
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Kenyon & Kenyon LLP
Claims
We claim:
1. A fluid switching valve device comprising: a valve seat portion
including a protrusion portion; a valve body contacting and
separating from the valve seat portion to communicate and block
between upstream and downstream paths in a fluid passage during
normal operation of the valve device, wherein: the valve body
includes a first seal portion sealing between the valve seat
portion and the valve body and a second seal portion having higher
hardness than the first seal portion; a direction in which the
valve body contacts and separates from the valve seat portion and a
flow direction of the fluid introduced from the upstream path in
the fluid passage cross each other during the normal operation of
the valve device; the first seal portion and the second seal
portion are arranged parallel to each Other and disposed in a
direction orthogonal to the valve body contact/separation
direction; and in blocking the fluid passage by a differential
pressure between upstream and downstream paths in the fluid
passage, when the differential pressure is less than a
predetermined value, the first seal portion is allowed to come into
close contact with the protrusion portion of the valve seat portion
for blocking of the fluid passage and, on the other hand, when the
differential pressure is the predetermined value or higher, the
first seal portion in close contact with the protrusion portion of
the valve seat portion is allowed to be compressively deformed by
the differential pressure and the second seal portion is allowed to
come into close contact with the valve seat portion for blocking of
the fluid passage, wherein the fluid flows in the flow direction
and is prohibited from flowing in any other direction, wherein the
first seal portion is disposed only inwardly from the second seal
portion, and wherein both the first and second seal portions
contact the valve seat portion at flat, non-tapered surfaces.
2. The fluid switching valve device according to claim 1, wherein:
part of the valve body constitutes the second seal portion.
3. The fluid switching valve device according to claim 1, wherein:
a distance from an end surface in close contact with the valve seat
portion of the first seal portion to the valve seat portion is set
shorter than that from an end surface in close contact with the
valve seat portion of the second seal portion to the valve seat
portion.
4. The fluid switching valve device according to claim 1, said
device including restoring means giving a restoring force to the
compressively-deformed first seal portion.
5. The fluid switching valve device according to claim 1, wherein:
the valve seat portion includes a valve seat body and a
valve-seat-side seal portion softer than the valve seat body and
the valve-seat-side seal portion is disposed at a position facing
the first seal portion.
6. The fluid switching valve device according to claim 1, wherein:
the first seal portion is constituted out of any of rubber, resin
and metal, while the second seal portion is constituted out of
either of resin or metal.
7. The fluid switching valve device according to claim 1: said
device being provided in a fluid passage through which
high-pressure gas having a differential pressure between upstream
and downstream pressures kept under a predetermined pressure or
higher passes.
8. The fluid switching valve device according to claim 7, wherein:
the high-pressure gas is fuel gas supplied for generation of
electric energy or heat energy.
9. The fluid switching valve device according to claim 8, wherein:
the fuel gas is hydrogen gas or natural gas.
10. The fluid switching valve device according to claim 7, wherein:
any of a check valve, a on-off valve and a relief valve is provided
in the flow passage.
Description
This is a 371 national phase application of PCT/JP2006/308258 filed
13 Apr. 2006, claiming priority to Japanese Patent Application No.
2005-117597 filed 14 Apr. 2005, the contents of which are
incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUND
The present invention relates to a fluid on-off valve device for
opening and closing a fluid passage.
As a sealing method for a valve part for high-pressure fluid in
high-pressure on-off valve device (a fluid on-off valve device) for
opening and closing a high-pressure fluid passage, there has been
generally known a method of attaching a seal member formed out of
any type of rubber, resin and metal onto a valve body as a movable
part and locating the seal member on a valve seat portion to seal
fluid, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open
Publication No. 2002-295711.
SUMMARY
Use of rubber as a seal member provides high sealability and, at
the same time, poor pressure resistance. For example, under such a
high-pressure condition that a differential pressure between
upstream and downstream paths in a fluid passage is higher than 50
MPa, sealing failure may be caused by a squeezing-out phenomenon
due to excessive compressive deformation of a seal member.
On the other hand, use of resin and metal as a seal member
facilitates to ensure pressure resistance and sealability under
such a condition that the differential pressure is high, for
example, higher than 50 MPa, while may cause difficult sealing
under a relatively low differential pressure, for example, lower
than 50 MPa.
In view of the aforementioned problems, it is an object of the
present invention to provide a fluid on-off valve device capable of
attaining high sealability in either case where a differential
pressure between upstream and downstream paths in a fluid passage
is high or low.
The fluid on-off valve device according to the present invention
includes: a valve seat portion; a valve body which contacts and
separates from the valve seat portion to communicate and block a
fluid passage and a plurality of seat portions which selectively
seal between the valve body and the valve seat portion. The
plurality of seal portions have different hardnesses from each
other and a differential pressure between upstream and downstream
paths in the fluid passage switches a seal portion which seals
between the valve body and the valve seat portion to any of the
other seal portions having different hardnesses.
Such a configuration permits selective sealing between a valve body
and a valve seat portion using a plurality of seal portions having
different hardnesses (in other words, elastic modulus, coefficient
of elasticity and rigidity) from each other even in either case
where a differential pressure between upstream and downstream paths
in a fluid passage is in a predetermined high-pressure condition or
a predetermined low-pressure condition. The seal portion may be
disposed on either one or both of the valve body and the valve seat
portion.
In the fluid on-off valve device, a direction in which the valve
body contacts and separates from the valve seat portion and a flow
direction of the fluid introduced from the upstream path in the
fluid passage cross each other, and the plurality of seal portions
may be arranged, respectively, in parallel to the orthogonal to the
valve body contact/separation direction.
Such a configuration can attain miniaturization of a valve device
by reducing the length in the valve body contact/separation
direction as compared to a serial layout of a plurality of seal
portions in the valve body contact/separation direction. Otherwise,
it can increase a stroke in the valve body contact/separation
direction if it is of the same size.
In the plurality of seal portions of the fluid on-off valve device,
a distance from an end surface in close contact with the valve seat
portion to the valve seat portion may become longer as its hardness
is higher and the distance may become shorter as its hardness is
lower.
In such a configuration, a seal portion having lower hardness
contacts with the valve seat portion earlier than a seal portion
having higher hardness.
In the fluid on-off valve device, a restoring member giving a
restoring force to compressive deformation may be provided for at
least a seal portion having the lowest hardness of the plurality of
seal portions.
Such a configuration, when a differential pressure between upstream
and downstream flows shifts from a predetermined high-pressure
condition to a predetermined low-pressure condition, allows an
earlier compressively-deformed seal portion having low hardness to
be immediately restored to its original shape optimum to a seal in
a low-pressure condition, as well as assurance of a seal pressure
in a high-pressure condition.
The fluid on-off valve device of the present invention includes a
valve seat portion, a valve body which contacts and separates from
the valve seat portion to block and communicate between upstream
and downstream paths in a fluid passage. The valve body includes a
first seal portion sealing between the valve seat portion and the
valve body and a second seal portion having higher hardness than
the first seal portion. In the fluid on-off valve device, when a
differential pressure between the upstream and downstream paths in
a fluid passage is lower than a predetermined value, the first seal
portion comes into close contact with the valve seat portion to
block the fluid passage. On the other hand, when the differential
pressure is the predetermined value or higher, the first seal
portion in close contact with the valve seat portion is
compressively deformed by the differential pressure and the second
seal portion comes into close contact with the valve seat portion
to block the fluid passage.
Such a configuration permits fluid to be sealed by different seal
portions depending upon whether a differential pressure between
upstream and downstream paths in a fluid passage is high or low. In
other words, when the differential pressure between the upstream
and downstream paths in a fluid passage is lower than a
predetermined value, a first seal portion having relatively low
hardness comes into close contact with a valve seat portion. On the
other hand, at the predetermined value or higher, a second seal
portion having relatively high hardness comes into contact with the
valve seat portion.
Accordingly, proper selection of the material of each seal portion
provides high sealability for both cases where the differential
pressure is high and low. For example, the first seal portion may
use a soft material such as rubber (in other words, elastic
modulus, rigidity and hardness are all low), while the second seal
portion may use a material harder than the first seal portion (in
other words, elastic modulus, rigidity and hardness are all high),
such as resin and metal.
In the fluid on-off valve device according to the present
invention, part of the valve body may constitute the second seal
portion.
Such a configuration constitutes the second seal portion out of the
valve body itself, thus restraining the number of parts from
increasing.
In the fluid on-off valve device according to the present
invention, a direction in which the valve body contacts and
separates from the valve seat portion and a flow direction of the
fluid introduced from the upstream path in the fluid passage cross
each other, and the first seal portion may be disposed on the
upstream side of the second seal portion in the flow direction.
Such a configuration locates the first seal portion and the second
seal portion on the upstream side (high-pressure side) and
downstream side (low-pressure side), respectively. When a
differential pressure between upstream and downstream paths shifts
from a low-pressure condition (less than the predetermined value)
to a high-pressure condition (a predetermined value or higher), the
increasing differential pressure allows the first seal portion to
be deformed so as to fall down toward the downstream side from the
upstream side in a flow direction of fluid, by which sealability is
lost and a differential pressure acts on, mainly, the second seal
portion. At this time, a differential pressure actually acting on
the second seal portion is a differential pressure acting on a
ring-shaped region surrounded by the outer periphery of the second
seal portion and the outer periphery of the valve body when viewed
from the top of the valve body in a differential-pressure working
direction.
Accordingly, the above-described configuration permits the
ring-shaped region to be relatively widened more than a case where
the second seal portion is located more outward (upstream side) in
a diametrical direction than the first seal portion. This permits
the differential pressure between upstream and downstream paths to
be effectively made to effectively work on the second seal portion,
thus improving sealability under a high-pressure condition.
In the fluid on-off valve device, a direction in which the valve
body contacts and separates from the valve seat portion and a flow
direction of the fluid introduced from the upstream path in the
fluid passage cross each other, and the first seal portion and the
second seal portion may be disposed in parallel to, each other, the
orthogonal direction to the direction in which the valve body
contacts and separates from the valve seat portion.
Such a configuration can attain miniaturization of a valve device
by reducing the length in the valve body contact/separation
direction as compared to a serial layout of the first and second
seal portions in the valve body contact/separation direction.
Otherwise, it can increase a stroke in the valve body
contact/separation direction if the valve body is of the same
size.
In the fluid on-off valve device, a distance from an end surface in
close contact with the valve seat portion of the first seal portion
to the valve seat portion may be set so as to be shorter than that
from an end surface in close contact with the valve seat portion of
the second seal portion to the valve seat portion.
Such a configuration allows the first seal portion having
relatively low hardness to contact a valve seat portion earlier
than the second seal portion having relatively high hardness.
The fluid on-off valve device according to the present invention
may be formed with restoring member for giving a restoring force to
the compressively deformed first seal portion.
Such a configuration, when a differential pressure between upstream
and downstream flows shifts from a high-pressure condition (a
predetermined value or higher) to a low-pressure condition (less
than the predetermined value), permits the first seal portion to be
immediately restored to its original shape optimum to a seal in a
low-pressure condition, as well as assurance of a predetermined or
higher seal pressure.
The fluid on-off valve device according to the present invention
may be configured so as to constitute the valve seat portion out of
a valve seat body and a valve-seat-side seal portion softer than
the valve seat body and to make the valve-seat-side seal portion
face the first seal portion.
Such a configuration performs sealing by bringing the first seal
portion into close contact with the valve-seat-side seal portion.
In other words, the first seal portion comes into no direct contact
with the valve seat body, which restrains the first seal portion
from being worn by the first seal portion sliding against the valve
seat body.
Of the plurality of seal portions, the seal portion having
relatively low hardness may be constituted out of any of rubber,
resin and metal, while the seal portion having relatively high
hardness may be constituted out of either of resin or metal.
The first seal portion may be constituted out of any of rubber,
resin and metal, while the second seal portion may be constituted
out of either of resin or metal.
The fluid on-off valve body according to the present invention may
be provided in a fluid passage through which such high pressure gas
that a differential pressure between upstream and downstream
pressures is a predetermined pressure or higher (for example, 1 MPa
or more) flows. In this case, the high-pressure gas may be fuel gas
supplied for generation of electric energy or heat energy and
further the fuel gas may be hydrogen gas or natural gas (CNG).
The fluid on-off valve body according to the present invention may
be any of a check valve, a on-off valve and a relief valve provided
in the fluid passage.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a check valve according
to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state of the
check valve under a low-pressure condition;
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state of the
check valve under a high-pressure condition;
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a deformed example
of the check valve;
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a deformed example
of the check valve;
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a deformed example
of the check valve;
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a deformed example
of the check valve;
FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of a check valve according
to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state of the
check valve under a low-pressure condition;
FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state of the
check valve under a high-pressure condition;
FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a deformed example
of the check valve;
FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a deformed example
of the check valve;
FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view of a check valve according
to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state of the
check valve under a low-pressure condition;
FIG. 15 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state of the
check valve under a high-pressure condition;
FIG. 16 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a deformed example
of the check valve;
FIG. 17 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a deformed example
of the check valve;
FIG. 18 is a longitudinal sectional view of a check valve according
to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state of the
check valve under a low-pressure condition;
FIG. 20 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state of the
check valve under a high-pressure condition;
FIG. 21 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a deformed example
of the check valve;
FIG. 22 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a deformed example
of the check valve;
FIG. 23 is a partially sectional view showing a deformed example of
a restoring member supporting a low-pressure seal portion;
FIG. 24 is a partially sectional view showing a deformed example of
a restoring member supporting a low-pressure seal portion;
FIG. 25 is a partially sectional view showing a deformed example of
a restoring member supporting a low-pressure seal portion;
FIG. 26 is a partially sectional view showing a deformed example of
a restoring member supporting a low-pressure seal portion; and
FIG. 27 is a partially sectional view showing a deformed example of
a restoring member supporting a low-pressure seal portion.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
With reference to the accompanying drawings, description will be
given below of embodiments according to the present invention.
First Embodiment
FIG. 1 is, for example, a valve provided in a high-pressure fluid
passage, and is a check valve (fluid on-off valve device) 1A which
permits flowing of fluid in one direction, but prohibits flowing of
fluid in any other direction. The check valve 1A is disposed with a
valve body assembly (valve element) 3A in fluid passages 7, 8
formed on a valve body 2. The valve body assembly 3A stops flowing
fluid into a low-pressure-side fluid passage (downstream passage) 8
on a downstream side in a fluid flowing direction from a
high-pressure-side fluid passage (upstream passage) 7 on an
upstream side in a fluid flowing direction.
On the low-pressure side of the valve body 2, a valve seat body
(valve seat portion) 4 constituting a seal in cooperation with the
valve body assembly 3A is formed. In the valve body 2, a spring 5
is provided to give a restoring force in such a direction as to
separate from the valve seat body 4 to the valve body assembly 3A.
On the central side of the valve seat body 4, there is formed a
protrusion portion 9 protruding to the valve body assembly 3A side,
surrounding an opening edge of the low-pressure side fluid passage
8. These valve seat body 4 and protrusion portion 6 constitutes a
valve seat portion.
The valve body assembly 3A is constituted by fixing a low-pressure
seal portion (first seal portion) 12 and a high-pressure seal
portion (second seal portion) 13 on a valve body 10 having H-shaped
cross section. Each of the seal portions 12, 13 is made of high
polymer material, and the low-pressure seal portion 12 is formed
out of material softer than the high-pressure seal portion 13, that
is, out of material having relatively low hardness. Specifically,
as the low-pressure seal portion 12, rubber may be used and, as the
high-pressure seal portion 13, resin which has relatively high
hardness may be used.
The high-pressure seal portion 13 is fixed so as to be stored in a
lower surface of the valve body 10, that is, a recessed portion 10a
formed in a surface facing the valve seat body 4, so that a
ring-shaped end surface 13a protruding to the valve seat body 4
side comes into contact with the valve seat body 4, thus performing
sealing.
The low-pressure seal portion 12 is fixed on the high-pressure seal
portion 13 so as to be completely stored in a region surrounded by
the end surface 13a of the high-pressure seal portion 13, that is,
in the recessed portion 13b formed in the center of the
high-pressure seal portion 13. Then, the end surface (surface
facing valve seat body 4 side) 12a of the low-pressure seal portion
12 comes into contact with the protrusion portion 6, thus
performing sealing.
The end surface 12a of the low-pressure seal portion 12 is
positioned more inward of the valve body 10 in the axial direction
(valve opening/closing direction and valve contact/separation
direction) than the end surface 13a of the high-pressure seal
portion 13, while a difference in the height along the valve
opening/closing direction between these end surfaces 12a, 13a is
set so as to be smaller than a protruding height along the valve
opening direction of the protrusion portion 6. Accordingly, besides
such a condition that the end surface 12a and the end surface of
the protrusion portion 6 in uniform contact with each other, even
if the valve body assembly 3A further moves in the valve-closing
direction and the low-pressure seal portion 12 is pressed against
the protrusion portion 6 for compressive deformation, the end
surface 13a of the high-pressure seal portion 13 will come into no
contact with the valve seat body 4 as shown in FIG. 2, provided
that the deformed amount is at a predetermined level or lower.
In other words, the timing of a contact of the end surface 12a with
the protrusion portion 6 is different from that of the end surface
13a with the valve seat body 4. That is, a distance between the end
surface 12a of the low-pressure seal portion 12 having relatively
low hardness and the protrusion portion 6 is smaller than that
between the end surface 13a of the high-pressure seal portion 13
having relatively high hardness and the valve seat body 4.
Next, the operation of the check valve 1A will be described below.
In the check valve 1A, when a fluid pressure of the high-pressure
fluid passage 7 rises, a load in a valve-closing direction
corresponding to a differential pressure between the fluid pressure
and a fluid pressure of the low-pressure-side fluid passage 8 and a
receiving area of the differential pressure (hereinafter referred
to as valve-closing direction load) acts on the valve body 10, and
the valve body assembly 3A moves to the valve seat body 4 side
against the restoring force of the spring 5.
FIG. 2 shows a case of a low-pressure condition, that is, a case
where a differential pressure between the high-pressure-side fluid
passage 7 and the low-pressure-side fluid passage 8 is relatively
low. The differential pressure at this time is, for example, 1 MPa
(inclusive) to 50 MPa (exclusive). Under this condition, the soft
low-pressure seal portion 12 comes into close contact with the
protrusion portion 6, thus performing sealing. At this time, no
contact is made between the hard high-pressure seal portion 13 and
the valve-seat body 4.
FIG. 3 shows a case of a high-pressure condition, that is, a case
where a differential pressure between the high-pressure-side fluid
passage 7 and the low-pressure-side fluid passage 8 is relatively
high. The differential pressure at this time is, for example, at
least 50 MPa. Under this condition, a load in the valve-closing
direction acting on the valve body assembly 3A increases, so that
the low-pressure seal portion 12 is compressively deformed and the
valve body assembly 3A is further displaced in the valve-closing
direction. Then the hard high-pressure seal portion 13 comes into
contact with the valve seat body 4, thus performing sealing.
In this way, the check valve 1A in the present embodiment allows
the low-pressure seal portion 12 to come into close contact with
the protrusion portion 6 at a low pressure, and the high-pressure
seal portion 13 to come into close contact with the valve seat body
4 at a high pressure. Usually, the material of the low-pressure
seal portion 12 is deformed for low sealability under a high
pressure condition, while the material of the high-pressure seal
portion 13 will not provide so high sealability under a low
pressure condition. The present embodiment is configured so that
sealing is performed by the low-pressure seal portion 12 at a low
pressure and by the high-pressure seal portion 13 at a high
pressure. This enables high sealability even in either case where a
differential pressure between upstream and downstream flows is high
or low.
Next, a deformed example of the check valve 1A will be described
below. In each of the examples described below, the low-pressure
seal portion and the high-pressure seal portion are constituted out
of materials having a low and a high hardness and, especially out
of high polymer material in the same way as the above-described
example, respectively. In the following description, components
overlapped with those in the above-described embodiment have the
same reference characters and the description thereof are omitted.
Furthermore, the overlapped descriptions made on operation and
effect are also omitted.
A valve body assembly 3B of a check valve 1B shown in FIG. 4
includes a valve body 16 formed out of the same material as that of
the high-pressure seal portion 13, for example, hard high polymer
material such as polyimide. A soft seal portion 17 such as rubber
is fixed so as to be stored in a recessed portion 16a formed in the
center of the valve body 16.
The valve body 16 is formed with an annular protrusion 18 facing
the valve seat body 4 side and protruding along the valve
opening/closing direction on the outside of a recessed portion 16a,
and an end surface 18a of the protrusion 18 comes into contact with
the valve seat body 4, thus performing sealing. The low-pressure
seal portion 17 is fixed at a position surrounded by the protrusion
18, and the end surface 17a comes into contact with the valve seat
body 4, thus performing sealing. The end surface 17a is positioned
more inward of the valve body 16 in the axial direction (valve
opening/closing direction and valve body contact/separation
direction) than the end surface 18a.
According to the deformed example, part of the valve body 16, that
is, the protrusion 18 comes into contact with the valve seat body 4
in the same way as for the above-described high-pressure seal
portion 13, thus performing sealing at a high pressure. This
provides the like operation and effect with a smaller amount of
parts than in the above-described embodiment.
As another deformed example, the whole valve seat body 4 may be
formed into a flat shape without providing the protrusion portion 6
(refer to FIG. 1) on the valve seat body 4 side, like the check
valve 1B shown in FIG. 4 and a check valve 1C shown in FIG. 5. In
this case, provision of a step-off or an incline on a seal portion
on the valve body side enables adjustment of the timings of
contacts of the valve seat body 4 with the low-pressure seal
portions 17, 12 and the high-pressure seal portions 18, 13.
For example, in the check valve 1B shown in FIG. 4, no protrusion
portion 6 is provided on the valve seat body 4. Accordingly, to
compensate for it, the end surface 17a of the low-pressure seal
portion 17 in the valve body assembly 3B protrudes to the valve
seat body 4 more than the end surface 18a of the protrusion 18
constituting a high-pressure seal portion in a reverse way to the
configuration of the check valve 1A in FIG. 1. At valve-closing
operation, this permits the protrusion 18 constituting a
high-pressure seal portion to perform sealing after sealing is
first performed by the low-pressure seal portion 12.
Similarly, in the check valve 1C shown in FIG. 5, no protrusion
portion 6 is provided on the valve seat body 4. Accordingly, to
compensate for it, the end surface 12a of the low-pressure seal
portion 12 in the valve body assembly 3C protrudes to the valve
seat body 4 side more than the end surface 13a of the high-pressure
seal portion 13 in a reverse way to the configuration of the check
valve 1A in FIG. 1. At valve-closing operation, this permits the
high-pressure seal portion 13 to perform sealing after sealing is
first performed by the low-pressure seal portion 12.
As another deformed example of the check valve 1A in FIG. 1, a
check valve 1D shown in FIG. 6 may be used. On a valve body
assembly 3D of the check valve 1D, a ring-shaped low-pressure seal
portion 20 and a high-pressure seal portion 21 positioned on the
outside of the low-pressure seal portion 20 in a diametrical
direction are fixed so as to be stored in the annular recessed
portion 19a provided in the valve body 19. The seal portions 20, 21
are respectively formed out of the same high polymer material as
the seal portions 12, 13 and have the like operation and
effect.
As yet another deformed example of the check valve 1A in FIG. 1, a
check valve 1E shown in FIG. 7 may be used. The check valve 1E is
not formed with such a protrusion 6 that the check valve 1A has. On
a valve body assembly 3E, a ring-shaped low-pressure seal portion
22 and the high-pressure seal portion 23 positioned on the outside
of the low-pressure seal portion 22 are fixed so as to be stored in
the annular recessed portion 19a provided in the valve body 19.
Each of the seal portions 22, 23 are of a cylindrical shape.
This deformed example, having ring-shaped seal portions 22, 23
constituted out of the same high polymer material as the seal
portions 12, 13, has the like operation and effect.
Second Embodiment
FIG. 8 is a view of a check valve 1F according to a second
embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, as
compared to the check valve 1E in FIG. 7, layouts of the
low-pressure seal portion and the high-pressure seal portion have a
reverse relationship between the inside and outside in a
diametrical direction of the valve body 24 (direction orthogonal to
valve opening/closing direction and a flowing direction of fluid
introduced from the high-pressure-side fluid passage 7).
Specifically, on a valve body assembly 3F of the check valve 1F, a
ring-shaped low-pressure seal portion 25 and a high-pressure seal
portion 26 positioned on the inside of the low-pressure seal
portion 25 in a diametrical direction are fixed so as to be stored
in an annular recessed portion 24a provided in the valve body
24.
That is to say, the low-pressure seal portion 25 is disposed
upstream of the high-pressure seal portion 26 in a flowing
direction of fluid. In other words, a front end portion of the
low-pressure seal portion 25 including at least an end surface 25a
and a front end portion of the high-pressure seal portion 26
including at least an end surface 26a are laid out in parallel to
each other in a direction orthogonal to a valve opening/closing
direction of the valve body assembly 3F (valve body
contact/separation direction).
In the present embodiment, sealing is performed as follows.
Specifically, in such a condition as seen in FIG. 9 showing that a
differential pressure between upstream and downstream flows is low
(at lower than a predetermined value), the end surface 25a of the
low-pressure seal portion 25 comes into contact with the valve seat
body 4, thus performing sealing. Under this low-pressure condition,
no contact is made between the high-pressure seal portion 26 and
the valve seat body 4.
On the other hand, under such a condition as seen in FIG. 10
showing that a differential pressure between upstream and
downstream flows is high (at a predetermined value or higher), a
large valve-closing-direction load further acts on the valve body
assembly 3F, so that the low-pressure seal portion 25 attempts to
have further compressive deformation due to an increased
differential pressure. However, because a high pressure from the
high-pressure-side fluid passage 7 acts on the low-pressure seal
portion 25, the low-pressure seal portion 25 falls down to the
downstream side (the inside in the diametrical direction in FIG.
10). This impairs sealability by the low-pressure seal portion 25,
however, the end surface 26a of the high-pressure seal portion 26
comes into close contact with the valve seat body 4 to ensure
sealability by the high-pressure seal portion 26.
At this time, a differential pressure actually acting on the
high-pressure seal portion 13 is a differential pressure acting on
a ring-shaped region surrounded by the outer periphery of the
high-pressure seal portion 26 and the outer periphery of the valve
body 24 when viewed from the top of the valve body in a
differential-pressure working direction (vertical direction in FIG.
10).
In the check valve 1F of the present embodiment, the high-pressure
seal portion 26 is positioned inward (downstream side) in a
diametrical direction, of the high-pressure seal portion 13 in the
check valve 1A shown in FIG. 1, thus relatively widening the
ring-shaped region. Accordingly, a differential pressure between
upstream and downstream flows can be made to effectively act on the
high-pressure seal portion 26, thus improving sealability under a
high pressure condition.
Furthermore, as compared to such a configuration that the
low-pressure seal portion 25 and the high-pressure seal portion 26
are arranged in series in a contact/separation direction of the
valve body assembly 3F, the check valve 1F can be miniaturized by
reducing a length in the contact/separation direction, or a stroke
in the contact/separation direction can be increased if the check
valve 1F is of the same size.
As a deformed example of the present embodiment, a check valve 1G
formed with a valve body assembly 3G shown in FIG. 11 may be used.
In a deformed example shown in FIG. 11, as compared to the check
valve 1F, there is not provided the high-pressure seal portion 26
and the valve body assembly 3G is composed of a valve body 28
constituted out of hard high polymer such as polyimide and a soft
low-pressure seal portion 25 such as rubber, fixed in an annular
recessed portion 28a formed in the valve body 28.
At a central portion of the valve body 28 in the diametrical
direction, there is provided a protrusion 29 formed by protruding a
central portion (a part) of a surface facing the valve seat body 4
side of the valve body 28 toward valve seat body 4 side (valve
opening/closing direction). In this deformed example, the
protrusion 29 functions as a high-pressure seal portion and an end
surface 29a of the protrusion 29 comes into contact with the seat
4, thus performing sealing at a high pressure.
As another deformed example, the protrusion portion 6 may be
provided on the valve 4 side like a check valve 1H shown in FIG.
12. In this deformed example, the protrusion portion 6 is provided
as compared to the check valve 1F. Accordingly, it is only
necessary to adjust contact timing of the soft low-pressure seal
portion 25 and the hard high-pressure seal portion 26 by changing
heights of the low-pressure seal portion 25 and the high-pressure
seal portion 26 as necessary.
Third Embodiment
FIG. 13 is a view of a check valve 1I according to a third
embodiment of the present invention. The check valve 1I is formed
with a soft valve-seat-side low-pressure seal portion 30 fixed on
the valve seat body 4, and the valve-seat-side low-pressure seal
portion 30 constitutes a valve seat portion along with the valve
seat body 4. The valve-seat-side low-pressure seal portion 30 may
use the same or different type of material as or from the
low-pressure seal portion 25, for example, polyimide, if the
material is softer than that of the valve seat body 4. The
valve-seat-side low-pressure seal portion 30 is of a ring shape and
is provided at a position facing the low-pressure seal portion
25.
The valve body assembly 3I has the same configuration, for example,
as the valve body assembly 3F shown in FIG. 8, however, heights of
the low-pressure seal portion 25 and the high-pressure seal portion
26 are adjusted as necessary so as to appropriately perform sealing
at a low pressure and a high pressure as described below.
In the present embodiment, sealing is performed as follows.
Specifically, in such a condition as seen in FIG. 14 showing that a
differential pressure between upstream and downstream flows is low
(at lower than a predetermined value), the end surface 25a of the
low-pressure seal portion 25 comes into contact with the
valve-seat-side low-pressure seal 30, thus performing sealing.
Under this low-pressure condition, no contact is made between the
high-pressure seal portion 26 and the valve seat body 4.
On the other hand, under such a condition as seen in FIG. 15
showing that a differential pressure between upstream and
downstream flows is high (at a predetermined value or higher), a
large valve-closing-direction load further acts on the valve body
assembly 3I, so that the low-pressure seal portion 25 and the
valve-seat-side low-pressure seal portion 30 attempt to have
further compressive deformation due to an increased differential
pressure. However, because a high pressure from the
high-pressure-side fluid passage 7 acts on the low-pressure seal
portion 25 and the valve-seat-side low-pressure seal portion 30,
the low-pressure seal portion 25 and valve-seat-side low-pressure
seal portion 30 fall down to the downstream side (the inside in the
diametrical direction in FIG. 15).
This impairs sealability by the seal portions 25, 30, however, the
end surface 26a of the high-pressure seal portion 26 comes into
close contact with the valve seat body 4 to ensure sealability by
the high-pressure seal portion 26. Then the end surface 26a of the
high-pressure seal portion 26 comes into close contact with the
valve seat body 4, thus ensuring sealability by the high-pressure
seal portion 26.
While the high-pressure seal portion 26 is functioning, each of the
low-pressure seal portion 25 and the valve-seat-side low-pressure
seal portion 30 bends inward (downstream side) in a diametrical
direction to lose a sealing function, so that a differential
pressure between upstream and downstream flows can be made to
effectively act on the high-pressure seal portion 26 as in the
embodiment shown in FIG. 8 and others, thus improving sealability
under a high pressure condition.
Furthermore, the present embodiment, formed with the
valve-seat-side low pressure seal portion 30, has the following
effect: That is to say, if there is no valve-seat-side low-pressure
seal portion 30, the low-pressure seal portion 25 slides against
the valve seat body 4, which may accelerate wear to the
low-pressure seal portion 25. In the present embodiment, on the
other hand, the low-pressure seal portion 25 comes into contact
only the valve-seat-side low-pressure seal portion 30 without
direct contact with the valve seat body 4. This can restrain the
low-pressure seal portion 25 from being worn, thus improving
durability.
As another deformed example of the present embodiment, the
protrusion portion 6 may be provided on the valve seat body 4 side
like a check valve 1J shown in FIG. 16. In this deformed example,
as compared to the check valve 1I in FIG. 13, it is only necessary
to adjust contact timing of the low-pressure seal portion 25 and
the high-pressure seal portion 26 by changing heights of the
low-pressure seal portion 25 and the high-pressure seal portion 26
as necessary.
As a deformed example of the present embodiment, a check valve 1K
formed with a valve body assembly 3K shown in FIG. 17 may be used.
In a deformed example of FIG. 17, the high-pressure seal portion 26
(FIG. 16) separate from the valve body assembly 3K is not provided,
like the check valve 1G in FIG. 11. The valve body assembly 3K is
composed of a valve body 32 constituted of hard high polymer
material such as polyimide and a low-pressure seal portion 25, such
as rubber, fixed inside an annular recessed portion 32a formed in
the valve body 32.
That is to say, at a central portion of the valve body 32 in the
diametrical direction, there is provided a protrusion 33 formed by
protruding a central portion (a part) of a surface facing the valve
seat body 4 of the valve body 32 toward valve seat body 4. In this
deformed example, the protrusion 33 functions as a high-pressure
seal portion and an end surface 33a of the protrusion 33 comes into
contact with the valve seat body 4, thus performing sealing at a
high pressure.
Fourth Embodiment
FIG. 18 is a view of a check valve 1L according to a fourth
embodiment of the present invention. A valve body assembly 3L of
the check valve 1L is formed by fixing a low-pressure seal portion
36 and a high-pressure seal portion 37 provided on the inside of
the low-pressure seal portion 36 in a diametrical direction inside
an annular recessed portion 35a provided in a valve body 35. The
low-pressure seal portion 36 is formed with a cylindrical portion
36a hung from the recessed portion 35a and a flange portion 36b
substantively extending horizontally inward from a lower edge of a
cylindrical portion 36a.
Inside the low-pressure seal portion 36, there is provided a coil
spring 38 (restoring member) for supporting a flange portion 36b,
one end and the other end which are supported on the valve body 35
and the flange portion 36b, respectively. The plurality of coil
springs 38 (two shown in FIG. 18) are provided at regular intervals
in a peripheral direction of the check valve 1L.
In the present embodiment, sealing is performed as follows. In
other words, in such a condition as seen in FIG. 19 showing that a
differential pressure between upstream and downstream flows is low
(at lower than a predetermined value), a lower surface of the
flange portion 36b of the low-pressure seal portion 36 comes into
contact with the valve seat body 4, thus performing sealing. Under
this low-pressure condition, no contact is made between the
high-pressure seal portion 37 and the valve seat body 4.
On the other hand, under such a condition as seen in FIG. 20
showing that a differential pressure between upstream and
downstream flows is high (at a predetermined value or higher), a
large valve-closing-direction load further acts on the valve body
assembly 3L, so that the low-pressure seal portion 36 attempts to
have further deformation due to an increased differential pressure.
However, because a high pressure from the high-pressure-side fluid
passage 7 acts on the low-pressure seal portion 36, the
low-pressure seal portion 36 falls down to the downstream side (the
inside in the diametrical direction in FIG. 20). This impairs
sealability by the low-pressure seal portion 36, however, the end
surface 37a of the high-pressure seal portion 37 comes into close
contact with the valve seat body 4 to ensure sealability by the
high-pressure seal portion 37.
A differential pressure lowers from a high pressure condition shown
in FIG. 20 and, when shifting to a low pressure condition, the
low-pressure seal portion 36 rapidly restores to its original
condition as shown in FIG. 19 by the repulsion of the coil spring
38. In such a configuration that there is provided no coil spring
38, when a high pressure condition is shifted to a low pressure
condition, restoration of the low-pressure seal portion 36 may
delay due to a creep phenomenon or sealability under a low pressure
condition may degrade due to some wear to the low-pressure seal
portion 36 caused by repeating sliding against the valve seat body
4. However, according to the present embodiment, the coil spring 38
permits the low-pressure seal portion 36 to rapidly and positively
press the valve seat body 4 at a predetermined pressure or higher
for restoration, thus ensuring high sealability.
As a deformed example of the present embodiment, a check valve 1M
shown in FIG. 21 may be used. A valve body assembly 3M of the check
valve 1M is composed of a valve body 40 constituted out of hard
high polymer material such as polyimide and the low-pressure seal
portion 36 and the coil spring 38 fixed inside an annular recessed
portion 40a formed in the valve body 40.
At a central portion of the valve body 40 in the diametrical
direction, there is provided a protrusion 41 formed by protruding a
central portion (a part) of a surface facing the valve seat body 4
of the valve body 40 toward valve seat body 4. In this deformed
example, the protrusion 41 functions as a high-pressure seal
portion and an end surface 41a of the protrusion 41 comes into
contact with the valve seat body 4, thus performing sealing.
As another deformed example of the present embodiment, the
protrusion portion 6 may be provided on the valve seat body 4 side
like a check valve 1N shown in FIG. 22. In this deformed example,
it is only necessary to adjust contact timings of the low-pressure
seal portion 36 and the high-pressure seal portions 37 by changing
heights of the low-pressure and high-pressure seal portions 36, 37
as necessary.
In the present embodiment and the respective deformed examples
thereof, the following deformed example can be applied in place of
the coil spring 38. For example, FIGS. 23-25 show deformed examples
using a leaf spring 45. In FIG. 23, the leaf spring 45 is provided
inside the low-pressure seal portion 36 in a diametrical direction,
base end of which is inserted into the valve body 35 and front end
elastically supports the flange portion 36b.
FIG. 24 is a view showing a deformed example using the leaf spring
46 inserted into the low-pressure seal portion 36. The leaf spring
46, base end of which is inserted into the valve body 35, is
inserted into a cylindrical portion 36a and the flange portion 36b,
which permits the whole low-pressure seal portion 36 to be
elastically supported.
FIG. 25 is a view showing a deformed example using the leaf spring
47 inserted in the low-pressure seal portion 36. The base end of
the leaf spring 47 is fixed, sandwiched between the valve body 35
and the low-pressure seal portion 36, and the front end thereof is
fixed with the low-pressure seal portion 36.
In the deformed examples of leaf springs 45, 46, 47 shown in FIGS.
23-25, a restoring force can be given so that the low-pressure seal
portion 36 may be rapidly restored from an inward
compressively-deformed condition to its original condition, in the
same way as for the coil spring 38.
FIG. 26 is a view showing a deformed example using rubber 48
provided on the inside of the low-pressure seal portion 36. The
rubber 48, of a ring shape, is provided around the axis of the
valve body 35 and circular in cross section. The rubber may be
rectangular in cross section like the rubber 49 of another deformed
example shown in FIG. 27.
Regarding rubbers 48, 49 shown in FIGS. 26 and 27 as well, a
restoring force may be given to the low-pressure seal portion 36 so
as to rapidly restore it from an inward compressively-deformed
condition to its original condition by means of an elastic force
owned by the material itself.
As a restoring member for giving a restoring force to the
low-pressure seal portion 36 in this way, any elastic body may be
used.
Other Embodiments
In any check valve described above, the spring 5 is not always
required. Some examples where the present invention is applied to
the check valves are described above, however, a main stop valve or
a regulating valve may be used if it is a type of fluid on-off
valve device.
In a system which supplies high-pressure fluid (high-pressure gas)
to a fluid consuming apparatus (fuel consuming apparatus) such as a
fuel cell for generating power by an electrochemical reaction of
fuel gas and oxygen gas and an internal combustion engine for a
fuel cell powered vehicle which drives a running motor with
generated electric power (electric energy) of the fuel cell and a
natural gas powered vehicle which obtains driving power for running
by means of heat energy obtained by burning natural gas (CNG) with
an internal combustion engine, for example, a main stop valve (root
valve) or a on-off valve for controlling the presence of fuel gas
supply from a fuel gas supply source to a fuel gas consuming
apparatus, one or a plurality of check valves for preventing
counter-flow of fuel gas in a fuel gas flow path, one or a
plurality of excessive flow prevention valves for preventing
abnormal rise in fuel gas flow rate in a fuel gas flow path, one or
a plurality of relief valves for preventing abnormal rise in fuel
gas pressure in a fuel gas flow path, or one or a plurality of
regulating valves for regulating (pressure reduction) fuel gas
supply pressure from a fuel gas supply source to a fuel gas
consuming apparatus to a predetermined pressure, are provided in a
fluid passage (fuel gas flow passage) between the inside of a fuel
gas supply source such as a fuel gas tank or the fuel gas supply
source and the fuel gas consuming apparatus, and the present
invention can be applied to these valves as well.
It has been described above that the materials of the low-pressure
seal portion and the high-pressure seal portion use soft and hard
high polymer respectively, but the material to be used is not
limited to it. The low-pressure seal portion may use synthetic
rubber such as polybutadiene group, butadiene-acrylonitrile group
or chloroprene group as well as natural rubber. On the other hand,
the high-pressure seal portion may use thermoplastic resin such as
polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinylchloride (PVC) or
polystyrene (PS), or thermosetting resin such as phenol resin (PF),
epoxy resin (EP) or alkyd resin as well as metals.
The respective seal portions may be disposed on either one or both
of the valve body and the valve seat portion.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
The present invention permits selective sealing between a valve
body and a valve seat portion using a plurality of seal portions
having different hardnesses from each other even in either case
where a differential pressure between upstream and downstream paths
in a fluid passage is in a predetermined high-pressure state or a
predetermined low-pressure state. Moreover, according to the
present invention, when a differential pressure between upstream
and downstream paths in a fluid passage is lower than a
predetermined value (at a low pressure), a first seal portion comes
into close contact with a valve seat portion and when the
differential pressure is a predetermined value or higher (at a high
pressure), a second seal portion comes into close contact with the
valve seat portion, by which appropriate selection of the material
of each seal portion ensures high sealability in either case where
a differential pressure between upstream and downstream flows is
high or low.
Accordingly, the present invention can be widely used in a variety
of applications to fluid on-off valve devices having their
requirements.
* * * * *