U.S. patent number 8,113,034 [Application Number 12/249,490] was granted by the patent office on 2012-02-14 for gas sensor with piping for the introduction of inspection gas.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Honda Motor Co., Ltd.. Invention is credited to Hideharu Naito, Takashi Sasaki, Kotaro Shigeno, Akihiro Suzuki.
United States Patent |
8,113,034 |
Suzuki , et al. |
February 14, 2012 |
Gas sensor with piping for the introduction of inspection gas
Abstract
An apparatus includes a gas sensor configured to detect a
specific gas which is a subject for detection, and inspection gas
introduction piping configured to lead an inspection gas to the gas
sensor, wherein at least a portion of the inspection gas
introduction piping serves as ventilating piping configured to
ventilate an inside of a ventilation-requiring device.
Inventors: |
Suzuki; Akihiro (Saitama,
JP), Sasaki; Takashi (Saitama, JP), Naito;
Hideharu (Saitama, JP), Shigeno; Kotaro (Saitama,
JP) |
Assignee: |
Honda Motor Co., Ltd. (Tokyo,
JP)
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Family
ID: |
40532848 |
Appl.
No.: |
12/249,490 |
Filed: |
October 10, 2008 |
Prior Publication Data
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Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
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US 20090095051 A1 |
Apr 16, 2009 |
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Foreign Application Priority Data
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Oct 12, 2007 [JP] |
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2007-266493 |
Jun 19, 2008 [JP] |
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2008-160909 |
Aug 5, 2008 [JP] |
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2008-201932 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
73/23.2;
429/400 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01M
8/04089 (20130101); H01M 8/04686 (20130101); H01M
16/006 (20130101); H01M 8/0444 (20130101); G01N
1/2226 (20130101); Y02E 60/50 (20130101); Y02T
90/40 (20130101); H01M 8/04201 (20130101); G01N
2001/2267 (20130101); H01M 2250/20 (20130101); Y02E
60/10 (20130101); H01M 2008/1095 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G01N
7/00 (20060101); H01M 8/00 (20060101) |
Field of
Search: |
;429/400 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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2005-202623 |
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Jul 2005 |
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JP |
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2006-329786 |
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Jul 2006 |
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JP |
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2006-329786 |
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Jul 2006 |
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JP |
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2007-20238 |
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Jan 2007 |
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JP |
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Primary Examiner: Williams; Hezron E
Assistant Examiner: Kolb; Nathaniel
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Westerman, Hattori, Daniels &
Adrian, LLP
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A fuel cell system, comprising: a fuel cell configured to
generate electricity with a fuel gas and an oxidant gas supplied
thereto, a fuel gas container configured to contain a fuel gas
therein, an electric power device configured to perform a power
control of the fuel cell system and encased in a sealed container
having a vent hole, a fuel gas holding portion configured to
surround an upper portion of the fuel gas container, a gas sensor
configured to detect a specific gas which is a subject for
detection and comprising a gas sensing part having a downward
opening, configured to be installed in the fuel gas holding portion
and to detect a fuel gas staying in the fuel gas holding portion,
first piping configured to lead an inspection gas to the gas sensor
and to spray the inspection gas onto the gas sensing part from an
end portion of the first piping, and second piping which comprises
a channel communicating with the sealed container and extending
from the vent hole, wherein at least a portion of the first piping
connected to the second piping serves as ventilating piping for the
electric power device.
2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the channel
of the second piping extending from the vent hole is detachably
connected to the first piping.
3. The fuel cell system according to claim 2, wherein the channel
of the second piping extending from the vent hole is detachably
connected to the first piping through a portion with a level lower
than a level of the vent hole.
4. The fuel cell system according to claim 2 further comprising a
connector tube having at least a flexible portion, with the ends of
the connector tube being detachably connected to a first connecting
end of the first piping and a second connecting end of the second
piping.
5. The fuel cell system according to claim 3, wherein the channel
of the second piping extending from the vent hole to the portion
which is detachably connected to the first piping comprises a
downslope.
6. A fuel cell vehicle comprising the fuel cell system according to
claim 1.
7. A fuel cell system, comprising: a fuel cell configured to
generate electricity with a fuel gas and an oxidant gas supplied
thereto, a fuel gas container configured to contain a fuel gas
therein, a gas sensor comprising a gas sensing part having a
downward opening, an inspection gas introduction piping fixed to
the fuel gas container and provided separately from the gas sensor,
configured to, upon inspecting the gas sensor, lead an inspection
gas to the gas sensor and to spray the inspection gas onto the gas
sensing part from an end portion of the inspection gas introduction
piping, a first member, a part of which forms a fuel gas holding
portion enclosing an upper portion of the fuel gas container, and a
second member detachably attached to the first member, wherein the
gas sensor is fixed to the fuel gas holding portion and is
configured to be installed in the fuel gas holding portion and to
detect a fuel gas staying in the fuel gas holding portion, and the
fuel gas container is fixed to the second member.
8. The fuel cell system according to claim 7, wherein the fuel gas
container is a fuel tank configured to store a fuel gas to be
supplied to the fuel cell, and wherein the fuel cell system further
comprises: a sub-frame to which the fuel tank is fixed, configured
to be brought into a predetermined positional relationship with the
gas sensor when installed , and a positioning mechanism configured
to set the inspection gas introduction piping to a predetermined
position relative to the sub-frame.
9. A fuel cell vehicle comprising the fuel cell system according to
claim 7.
10. The fuel cell system according to claim 7, wherein the first
member is a floor panel and the second member is a sub-frame.
11. the fuel cell system according to claim 7, wherein a nozzle of
the inspection gas introduction piping is formed so as to face the
gas sensing part having a downward opening.
12. The fuel cell system according to claim 7, wherein at least a
portion of the inspection gas introducing piping serves as
ventilating piping configured to ventilate an inside of a
ventilation-requiring device, and wherein the ventilation-requiring
device is an electric power device.
13. The fuel cell system according to claim 12, wherein the
electric power device is a power management and control unit.
14. The fuel cell system according to claim 12, wherein the
electric power device is a battery.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application claims the foreign priority benefit under Title
35, United States Code, section 119 (a)-(d), of Japanese Patent
Applications No. 2007-266493 filed on Oct. 12, 2007, No.
2008-160909 filed on Jun. 19, 2008 and No. 2008-201932 filed on
Aug. 5, 2008 in the Japan Patent Office, the disclosures of which
are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an apparatus with a gas sensor.
The present invention especially relates to an apparatus with a gas
sensor used for a fuel cell system driven by power from a fuel
cell, specifically a fuel cell vehicle.
2. Description of the Related Art
Conventionally, there has been known a gas alarm including a gas
tight housing having an inside channel and an inspection gas
channel communicating the inside channel, in which an inspection
gas is supplied to an inspection gas introduction part and then
ejected from a nozzle of the inspection gas introduction part to
the inspection gas channel, and therethrough reaches a gas sensor
element disposed in the inside channel (see, for example,
JP2005-202623A).
Such a structure is introduced to a fuel cell vehicle. The fuel
cell vehicle is provided with a solid polymer type fuel-cell stack
and a hydrogen tank under, for example, a floor panel, and with a
hydrogen sensor configured to detect hydrogen leakage. Since
hydrogen has a smaller specific gravity than that of air, the
hydrogen sensor should be placed above the fuel cell system. In
other words, the hydrogen sensor is attached to a lower face of the
floor panel, which is above the hydrogen tank and the fuel cell. As
a result, the hydrogen sensor is placed at a position where it is
difficult to visually check the hydrogen sensor from outside the
vehicle, and to access with hands or tools. Therefore, during
maintenance of the vehicle, when the hydrogen sensor is to be
inspected by spraying an inspection gas, there arises a problem of
removing a part of components from the vehicle, leading to more
complicated inspection work.
In order to solve this problem, there has been proposed a technique
in which the inspection work is made facilitated by attaching
piping to the vehicle in advance, which is configured to lead an
inspection gas (calibration gas) to a vicinity of the hydrogen
sensor from a distant position (see, for example,
JP2006-329786A).
On the other hand, the fuel cell vehicle mounts various electric
power devices configured to control high power, so as to obtain a
driving force from a high-output motor. In addition, in order to
prevent internal short-circuit (electrical short), the electric
power device is encased in a sealed container for protecting from
intrusion of foreign matters, such as water and debris. In the
sealed container, a vent hole communicating with the atmosphere is
formed, in order to prevent inner pressure fluctuation which may be
caused along with the generation of Joule heat (see, for example,
JP2007-20238A).
In addition, in the case where this electric power device is
positioned under the vehicle interior, the electric power device
directly suffers splash of water, mud, debris and the like from the
road surface during vehicle running, and therefore it is desired
that the vent hole be positioned as high as possible. Accordingly,
in order to prevent the splashed waster, mud, debris and the like
from entering the electric power device, it would be suggested that
a breathing pipe which communicates with the sealed container,
extends upward and has an upper end serving as a vent hole, be
provided.
In the above-mentioned prior art gas alarm, it is necessary to
include the inspection gas channel specially designed for passing
an inspection gas, and the inspection gas introduction part
specially designed for ejecting the inspection gas into the
inspection gas channel. Further, in the fuel cell vehicle, in
addition to the piping for these channels, it is necessary to
install vent piping for the electric power device, leading to a
problem that the structure of the fuel cell system becomes
complicated and larger.
With respect to the vent piping for the electric power device, if
droplets attach and accumulate inside the vent piping due to
condensation or the like, water may flow to the electric power
device or clog the breathing piping, which may deteriorate the
prevention mechanism of the inner pressure fluctuation.
Accordingly, in order to secure a performance stability of the
electric power device, the breathing piping should be periodically
cleaned, which lowers maintainability of the fuel cell vehicle.
Moreover, when such a hydrogen sensor is to be replaced, not only
the hydrogen tank or the fuel cell stack locating thereunder should
be removed, but also the inspection gas introduction piping, which
requires longer working hours.
Therefore, it would be desirable to provide an apparatus which
enhances efficiency of installing piping for supplying an
inspection gas to the sensing element. It would be also desirable
to provide an apparatus used for a fuel cell system which enhances
performance stability of the electric power device and
maintainability of the fuel cell system. It would be further
desirable to provide an apparatus used for a fuel cell system
having the inspection gas introduction piping, which improves
workability in gas sensor exchange or the like.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an
apparatus including: a gas sensor configured to detect a specific
gas which is a subject for detection, and inspection gas
introduction piping configured to lead an inspection gas to the gas
sensor, wherein at least a portion of the inspection gas
introduction piping serves as ventilating piping configured to
ventilate an inside of a ventilation-requiring device.
In the apparatus as described above, it is preferable that it is
used for a fuel cell system including: a fuel cell configured to
generate electricity with a fuel gas and an oxidant gas supplied
thereto, a fuel gas container configured to contain a fuel gas
therein, and an electric power device as the ventilation-requiring
device configured to perform a power control of the fuel cell
system and encased in a sealed container having a vent hole, the
apparatus including: a fuel gas holding portion configured to
surround an upper portion of the fuel gas container, a gas sensor
including a gas sensing part having a downward opening, configured
to be installed in the fuel gas holding portion and to detect a
fuel gas staying in the fuel gas holding portion, first piping as
the inspection gas introduction piping configured to, upon
inspecting the gas sensor, lead an inspection gas to the gas sensor
and to spray the inspection gas onto the gas sensing part from an
end portion of the first piping, and second piping which includes a
channel communicating with the sealed container and extending from
the vent hole, wherein at least a portion of the first piping
connected to the second piping serves as the ventilating piping for
the electric power device.
In the apparatus as described above, it is preferable that the
channel of the second piping extending from the vent hole is
detachably connected to the first piping.
In the apparatus as described above, it is preferable that it is
used for a fuel cell system including: a fuel cell configured to
generate electricity with a fuel gas and an oxidant gas supplied
thereto, and a fuel gas container configured to contain a fuel gas
therein, the apparatus including: a fuel gas holding portion
configured to surround an upper portion of the fuel gas container,
a gas sensor including a gas sensing part having a downward
opening, configured to be installed in the fuel gas holding portion
and to detect a fuel gas staying in the fuel gas holding portion,
and the inspection gas introduction piping configured to, upon
inspecting the gas sensor, lead an inspection gas to the gas sensor
and to spray the inspection gas onto the gas sensing part from an
end portion of the inspection gas introduction piping, wherein the
inspection gas introduction piping is fixed to the fuel gas
container.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The various aspects, other advantages and further features of the
present invention will become more apparent by describing in detail
illustrative, non-limiting embodiments thereof with reference to
the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a main portion of an apparatus (fuel
cell system) having a gas sensor according to a first embodiment of
the present invention seen from below a vehicle body.
FIG. 2 is a cross section taken along a line A-A in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a main portion of an inspection gas
ejection portion and a gas sensor according to the first embodiment
of the present invention seen from below the vehicle body.
FIG. 4 is a cross section of a main part of an inspection gas
ejection portion according to the first embodiment of the present
invention.
FIG. 5A is a cross section of a main portion of a fastening part of
a channel switching connection part according to the first
embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5B is a cross section of a main portion of a fastening part of
a channel switching connection part according to the first
embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross section of a main portion of an inspection gas
ejection portion according to a modified version of the first
embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a cross section of a main portion of an inspection gas
ejection portion according to a modified version of the first
embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a cross section of a main portion of an inspection gas
ejection portion according to a modified version of the first
embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a cross section of a main portion of an inspection gas
ejection portion according to a modified version of the first
embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a main portion of an inspection gas
ejection portion according to a modified version of the first
embodiment of the present invention seen from above the vehicle
body.
FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a main portion of an inspection gas
ejection portion according to a modified version of the first
embodiment of the present invention seen from above the vehicle
body.
FIG. 12 is a plan view showing a main portion of an inspection gas
ejection portion according to a modified version of the first
embodiment of the present invention seen from above the vehicle
body.
FIG. 13 is a plan view showing a main portion of an inspection gas
ejection portion according to a modified version of the first
embodiment of the present invention seen from above the vehicle
body.
FIG. 14 is a cross section showing a fuel cell vehicle having an
apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present
invention.
FIG. 15A is a side view showing a piping system (breathing pipe) of
an electric power device according to the second embodiment.
FIG. 15B is a side view showing a modified version of the second
embodiment.
FIG. 16 is a cross section showing a fuel cell vehicle having an
apparatus according to a second modified version of the second
embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 17 is a cross section showing a fuel cell vehicle having an
apparatus according to a third modified version of the second
embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 18 is a side view showing a fuel cell vehicle having an
apparatus according to a third embodiment.
FIG. 19 is a side view showing a fuel cell and surrounding portions
according to the third embodiment.
FIG. 20 is a side view showing a state in which the fuel cell
according to the third embodiment is removed.
FIG. 21 is a side view showing a fuel tank and surrounding portions
according to the third embodiment.
FIG. 22 is a side view showing a state in which the fuel tank
according to the third embodiment is removed.
FIG. 23 is a side view showing a fuel tank and surrounding portions
according to a modified version of the third embodiment.
FIG. 24 is a front view showing the fuel tank and surrounding
portions according to the modified version of the third
embodiment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail
below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
First Embodiment
In a first embodiment, an apparatus with a gas sensor is briefly
explained as an apparatus used for a fuel cell system.
An apparatus 1 having a gas sensor (gas sensor-equipped apparatus
1) according to this embodiment is, for example as shown in FIG. 1,
a fuel cell system 30 mounted on a fuel cell vehicle or an
electric-motor vehicle 10, as a power source for the vehicle 10.
For example, the fuel cell system 30 includes: a solid polymer
electrolyte type fuel cell; a fuel supply unit having a fuel tank
configured to store a hydrogen gas as a fuel gas, a regulator and
the like; an air supply unit having a supercharger or the like
configured to supply air containing oxygen as an oxidant gas to the
fuel cell; a current controller configured to control a current
generated by the fuel cell; various fuel cell devices 30a, 30b,
30c, . . . including an electric storage device or the like, e.g.,
capacitor configured to store power generated by the fuel cell; and
a gas sensor 40 of, for example catalytic combustion type or
semiconductor type, configured to detect a hydrogen gas.
The gas sensors 40 are placed, for example, near an outlet piping
(not shown) on a cathode side of the fuel cell, and as shown in
FIG. 2, also placed in a center tunnel S formed by protruding a
center portion of a floor panel 23 of the vehicle 10 toward a
vehicle interior side. Specifically, each gas sensing part 40a of
the gas sensor 40 faces the corresponding fuel cell device (30a,
30b, 30c, . . . ) such as a fuel tank placed outside the vehicle
interior vertically below the floor panel 23 between the floor
panel 23 and a lower part 29 of the vehicle body, so that the gas
sensors 40 can detect hydrogen gas staying, if any, in a space
(fuel gas holding portion) near a lower face 23A of the floor panel
23 forming the center tunnel S. In this manner, even if the fuel
gas leaks from the fuel cell or fuel tank, the leaked fuel gas
tends to stay in the fuel gas holding portion, and fuel gas leakage
can be detected by the gas sensor 40 at an early stage.
It should be noted that in the case of the catalytic combustion
type gas sensor 40, the gas sensing part 40a is formed of a sensing
element and a temperature compensation element both placed in a gas
inspection chamber with an opening.
In addition, the fuel cell system 30 has an inspection gas supply
mechanism 2 configured to supply an inspection gas to the gas
sensing part 40a of the gas sensor 40. The inspection gas supply
mechanism 2 is formed of, for example, an inspection gas
introduction piping 61, an inspection gas ejection portion 68, a
channel switching connection part 4, and piping attachment member
86.
The inspection gas introduction piping 61 is made of metal, e.g.,
stainless steel, or non-metallic material, e.g., ethylene-propylene
rubber and silicon, and is fixed to the fuel cell system main body
or vehicle body together with other piping 6 or electric wiring 8
equipped in the fuel cell system 30, by means of the piping
attachment member 86 formed of a guide member or a fixing member,
e.g., bracket.
With this piping attachment member 86, the piping 6 or the electric
wiring 8 other than the inspection gas introduction piping 61 can
be attached to the vehicle body or the main body of the fuel cell
system. Therefore, as compared with a case where attachment members
are provided for each of the piping 6 and the electric wiring 8,
the number of parts can be reduced, improving the mountability of
the gas sensor-equipped apparatus 1 to the vehicle body or the
like. In addition, the inspection gas introduction piping 61, the
piping 6 and the electric wiring 8 can be easily retained in a
desired state (e.g., arrangement configuration).
The inspection gas introduction piping 61 may have
multiply-branched piping 61a for the respective gas sensors 40,
each end of the branched piping 61a being provided with the
inspection gas ejection portion 68.
The inspection gas introduction piping 61 is configured to be
connected to an external inspection gas supply unit 70 or to an
appropriate ventilation-requiring device 50, through the channel
switching connection part 4. The term "ventilation-requiring
device" herein means a device that requires ventilation from a
viewpoint of structure and function, and examples of the
ventilation-requiring device 50 include electric power devices,
such as a power management and control unit and a battery. Each of
these electric power devices is encased in a sealed container
(case) in order to protect from intrusion of foreign matters, and
also has a vent hole in order to prevent inner pressure fluctuation
(air expansion and contraction) that may be caused by heat
generation.
The inspection gas ejection portion 68 is, for example as shown in
FIGS. 2 and 3, disposed on an end portion of the inspection gas
introduction piping 61 or the branched piping 61a branched from the
inspection gas introduction piping 61 so as to correspond to each
of the gas sensors 40. The inspection gas ejection portion 68 has:
a curved portion 68a which is bent from the end portion of the
inspection gas introduction piping 61 or branched piping 61a
towards the gas sensing part 40a of the gas sensor 40; and a nozzle
66 which faces the gas sensing part 40a of the gas sensor 40 with a
predetermined ejection clearance La, and has an approximate
circular opening from which the inspection gas (flowing through the
inspection gas introduction piping 61 or branched piping 61a and
then through the curved portion 68a) is sprayed to the gas sensing
part 40a, for example in a direction orthogonal to a detection face
of the gas sensing part 40a. The nozzle 66 has a water-repellent
filter 71 made of, for example, resin.
It should be noted that the outer diameter of the inspection gas
introduction piping 61 and the outer diameter of the inspection gas
ejection portion 68 is set in such a manner that, for example, a
flow space with a specific size required for retaining a desired
flow condition is ensured relative to the inspection gas for the
gas sensor 40, and specifically a predetermined space clearance
including the ejection clearance La is secured in a distance Lb
between the gas sensing part 40a of the gas sensor 40 and the fuel
cell device 30a facing the gas sensing part 40a.
The value of the ejection clearance La is set in such a manner
that, when an inspection gas with a predetermined concentration is
sprayed from the nozzle 66, a detection concentration becomes a
predetermined stable state within detection accuracy of the gas
sensor 40, and the value may be, for example, 5 mm or the like, in
the case of the hydrogen gas.
The channel switching connection part 4 has a fastening part 72
configured to switch the connection from the inspection gas
introduction piping 61, to between an inspection gas supply piping
73 extending from the external inspection gas supply unit 70 and
the ventilating piping 62 connected to the ventilation-requiring
device 50. The fastening part 72 may have, for example as shown in
FIG. 5A, a flange portion 72a or thread portion made of metal, or
for example as shown in FIG. 5B, a bulge portion 72b made of a
non-metallic material. With this structure, specifically with a
fastening member, such as bolt attached to the flange portion 72a
of the fastening part 72, or the bulge portion 72b of the fastening
part 72, while securing a desired sealing property, the connection
of the channel switching connection part 4 can be switched between
the inspection gas supply piping 73 and the ventilating piping
62.
When the inspection gas introduction piping 61 and the inspection
gas supply piping 73 are connected by the channel switching
connection part 4, an inspection gas supplied from the inspection
gas supply unit 70 is introduced to the inspection gas introduction
piping 61.
When the inspection gas introduction piping 61 and the ventilating
piping 62 are connected by the channel switching connection part 4,
an appropriate ventilation-requiring device 50 is ventilated
through the inspection gas introduction piping 61 and ventilating
piping 62.
On an end portion of the inspection gas supply piping 73 of the
inspection gas supply unit 70, there is provided a supply-side
fastening part 74 configured to be fastened to the fastening part
72 of the channel switching connection part 4. The supply-side
fastening part 74 can be inserted into the vehicle body through a
through-hole 29a formed in the lower part 29 of the vehicle body,
with the through-hole 29a being closable with, for example, a
removable cover 29b.
As described above, in the gas sensor-equipped apparatus 1
according to the present embodiment, to the gas sensor 4 placed at
a position where no direct visual checking is possible, the
inspection gas introduction piping 61 and inspection gas ejection
portion 68 capable of supplying the inspection gas are provided. In
addition, the inspection gas introduction piping 61 can be
connected to the inspection gas supply piping 73 extending from the
external inspection gas supply unit 70, through the through-hole
29a formed in the lower part 29 of the vehicle body and closable
with the removable cover 29b. As a result, the gas sensor 40 is
inspected easily and accurately, while the system structure is
prevented from becoming complicated and larger.
In this manner, the inspection gas introduction piping 61 can be
connected to the ventilating piping 62 by the channel switching
connection part 4, and at least a portion of the inspection gas
introduction piping 61 serves as ventilating piping for ventilating
the fuel cell system 30. As a result, as compared with a case where
piping specially designed for ventilation is provided separately
from the inspection gas introduction piping, the system structure
is prevented from becoming complicated and larger.
In addition, since the inspection gas ejection portion 68 is
provided corresponding to each of a plurality of the gas sensors
40, the inspection gas can be supplied at the same time to the
plurality of the gas sensors 40.
<Modified Version>
In the embodiment described above, the water-repellent filter 71 is
disposed on the nozzle 66 of the inspection gas ejection portion
68, but for example, as shown in FIG. 6, there may be used a filter
cap 75 having the water-repellent filter 71 which is detachably
attached to the inspection gas ejection portion 68.
Alternatively, in the above-mentioned embodiment, instead of the
water-repellent filter 71, a mesh-like or porous filter made of
metal or ceramic may be used.
Alternatively, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the
water-repellent filter 71 may be omitted, as shown in FIG. 7.
In the embodiment described above, the inspection gas ejection
portion 68 has the curved portion 68a and the nozzle 66, but for
example, as shown in FIG. 8, the curved portion 68a may be omitted.
In this case, the nozzle 66 may be formed at an appropriate
position of the inspection gas introduction piping 61 or the
branched piping 61a. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, there may be
used a filter cap 76 having the water-repellent filter 71 which is
detachably attached to the end portion of the inspection gas
introduction piping 61 or the branched piping 61a.
In the embodiment described above, the nozzle 66 of the inspection
gas ejection portion 68 has an approximate circular opening, and
alternatively, as shown in FIG. 10, it may be in an approximate
ellipsoid, or as shown in FIG. 11, an approximate rectangle.
In the embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 12, the
inspection gas ejection portion 68 may have a plurality of nozzles
66 arranged in tandem in a flow direction of the inspection gas, or
as shown in FIG. 13, may have multiply-branched ends 77, each
branched ends 77 having a single nozzle 66 formed therein.
In the embodiment described above, the piping attachment member 86
may be omitted.
Furthermore, an ECU (Electric Control Unit) configured to control a
supercharger, a current controller, an electric storage device and
the like as the above-mentioned fuel cell devices 30a, 30b, 30c, .
. . may be imparted with a determining function for determining
whether or not a failure is present in the gas sensor 40 based on
the detection result of the gas sensor 40, and the result may be
output to the electric wiring 8 on which a connecting coupler is
disposed at the same position as that of the channel switching
connection part 4. The inspection gas supply unit 70 may further
have a coupler to be connected to the connecting coupler, wiring
and a display. With this configuration, work of supplying
inspection gas and confirmation of the inspection result
(determination) can be done using a single inspection gas supply
unit 70 by the same operator at the same location, which enhances
efficiency of the inspection work.
In the embodiments described above, the fuel cell system 30 is used
as the gas sensor-equipped apparatus 1. Alternatively, the gas
sensor-equipped apparatus 1 may be other type of device. Moreover,
in the embodiments described above, the vehicle 10 (car) having the
fuel cell system 30 mounted thereon has been illustrated.
Alternatively, the present invention may be applied to other moving
bodies, such as motor cycle, train and ship. Furthermore, the
present invention may be applied to a floor type fuel cell system
for household or business, a fuel cell system in a hot-water supply
system and the like.
Second Embodiment
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be
described with reference to FIGS. 14 to 17. In the second
embodiment, with respect to the gas sensor and piping therefor, a
positional relationship in a vehicle body and a relationship with a
fuel cell system will be specifically described in more detail.
FIG. 14 is a cross section showing a fuel cell vehicle
(hereinafter, simply referred to as "vehicle 110") having an
apparatus according to the second embodiment.
In the second embodiment, the vehicle 110 has a vehicle interior
including a cabin C for crews to be on board, and a trunk room T
which is contiguous to the cabin C and capable of storing
baggage.
The vehicle interior is defined by a lower panel 120 on a lower
side of the vehicle interior, a windshield 112, a roof panel 113, a
rear gate 114 and side doors (not shown). On the opposite side of
the lower panel 120 to the vehicle interior, a space is formed for
disposing main parts of a fuel cell system 130 configured to
generate electricity by consuming a fuel gas (hydrogen gas).
The lower panel 120 is contiguously formed of: a dashboard panel
121 comparting a motor room M (defined by a bonnet 111 and a fender
panel (not shown)) and the cabin C; a front floor panel 122a having
a center tunnel (center console) S1 as a protrusion portion
sandwiched between a pair of front seats 117 fixed above the front
floor panel 122a; a rear floor panel 122b having a rear sheet 118
fixed thereabove and defining a rear room U therebelow
(hereinafter, the front floor panel 122a and the rear floor panel
122b may be collectively referred to as "floor panel 123"); and a
trunk floor panel 124 defining a trunk room T thereabove and a tank
room B therebelow.
The motor room M, the center tunnel S1, the rear room U and the
tank room B, all formed below the lower panel 120, are covered with
an under cover 129 at the bottom of the vehicle for protecting the
vehicle from splash of mud or flick of stones (chipping) during
vehicle running, which provides a contiguous space from a front
side to a rear side of the vehicle 110 for disposing the main parts
of the fuel cell system 130
On a face of the lower panel 120 facing the fuel cell system 130, a
gas sensor 140 (first gas sensor 140A, second gas sensor 140B)
configured to detect a leaked fuel gas (H.sub.2) is disposed.
The fuel cell system 130 includes: a fuel cell 131 configured to
generate power by electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen
and to supply the power to a driving motor 115; an air compressor
133 configured to supply oxygen (air) required for generating power
by the fuel cell 131, in accordance with the pressing amount of an
accelerator pedal 116; and a fuel tank (fuel gas container,
hydrogen tank) 134 configured to compress with high-pressure a fuel
gas (H.sub.2) for generating power in the fuel cell 131 and to
store the compressed fuel gas therein.
<Fuel Cell>
The fuel cell 131 is a laminated body in a shape of an approximate
rectangular parallelepiped, in which a plurality of solid polymer
type single cells are stacked in a front-rear direction of the
vehicle 110. The fuel cell 131 is fixed onto a sub-frame (not
shown) and disposed in the center tunnel S1 under the floor panel
123.
The fuel cell 131 is connected to the air compressor 133 configured
to supply air (oxygen), through a cathode auxiliaries 136 and an
air supply line 133a; and is connected to the fuel tank 134
configured to supply fuel gas (H.sub.2), through an anode
auxiliaries 135 and a fuel supply line 134a.
The fuel cell 131 is configured to generate electricity when
current is taken out by appropriately controlling a VCU (Voltage
Control Unit) connected to an output terminal of the fuel cell 131,
while hydrogen (fuel gas) and air (oxidant gas) are supplied. In
other words, the fuel cell 131 (fuel gas container) is in a state
of containing hydrogen therein.
The fuel cell 131 is disposed below the first gas sensor 140A and
therefore, the first gas sensor 140A cannot be removed without
removing the fuel cell 131. In other words, the fuel cell 131
obstructs the exclusive removal of the first gas sensor 140A.
Though the fuel cell 131 is precisely designed and assembled, there
remains a possibility that a trace amount of hydrogen and air may
leak from fuel cell 131.
When hydrogen leaks from the fuel cell 131, fuel supply line 134a,
anode auxiliaries 135 and their connecting portions or other
portions, the leaked hydrogen stays in an upper portion (fuel gas
holding portion 120a) of the center tunnel S1, due to a small
specific gravity of hydrogen. The staying hydrogen is to be
detected by the first gas sensor 140A.
<Fuel Tank>
The fuel tank 134 (hydrogen tank) is an approximate column-shaped
tank in which hydrogen to be supplied to the fuel cell 131 is
stored under high pressure. As shown in FIG. 14, the fuel tank 134
is fixed onto a sub-frame (not shown) by seatings (not shown)
arranged on both sides of the fuel tank 134 and is disposed in the
tank room B under the floor panel 123. It should be noted that
hydrogen in the fuel tank 134 is to be supplied to the fuel cell
131 through an isolation valve, a pressure reducing valve and
piping (all not shown).
The fuel tank 134 is disposed below the second gas sensor 140B and
therefore, the second gas sensor 140B cannot be removed without
removing the fuel tank 134. In other words, the fuel tank 134
obstructs the exclusive removal of the second gas sensor 140B.
Though the fuel tank 134 is precisely designed and has high
durability, there remains a possibility that a trace amount of
hydrogen may leak from the isolation valve attached to a mouthpiece
thereof or the like.
When hydrogen leaks from the fuel tank 134, fuel supply line 134a
and their connecting portions or other portions, the leaked
hydrogen stays in an upper portion (fuel gas holding portion 120b)
of the tank room B, due to a small specific gravity of hydrogen.
The staying hydrogen is to be detected by the second gas sensor
140B.
<Cathode Auxiliaries>
The cathode auxiliaries 136 are configured to supply air from the
air compressor 133 to the cathode (not shown) of the fuel cell 131,
the flow rate of which air is adjusted in accordance with an amount
of pressing the accelerator pedal 116 (accelerator opening amount).
Examples of the cathode auxiliaries 136 include a humidifier.
The humidifier is configured to humidify air heading for the
cathode of the fuel cell 131 from the air compressor 133 in the
motor room M through piping, with a humid cathode off-gas
discharged from the cathode. The humidifier includes hollow fiber
membranes therein for water exchange. As shown in FIG. 14, the
humidifier is fixed onto a rear face of the fuel cell 131 and a
sub-frame (not shown) and disposed under the floor panel 123.
<Anode Auxiliaries>
The anode auxiliaries 135 are connected to a branched air supply
line 133a and provided with a pilot pressure (signal pressure)
corresponding to an air flow rate to be supplied to the cathode.
The anode auxiliaries 135 are configured to supply a fuel gas (H2)
of a flow rate corresponding to the pilot pressure, to the anode
(not shown) of the fuel cell 131.
In other words, the anode auxiliaries 135 mechanically adjust a
supply pressure of hydrogen based on the pilot pressure (signal
pressure), so that a relationship between the hydrogen pressure
applied to the anode (not shown) of the fuel cell 131 and the air
pressure applied to the cathode becomes constant.
<Electric Power Device>
A power management and control unit 150A is an electric power
device 150 that performs a power control in the fuel cell system
130, specifically, a control of supplied power and regenerative
power between the fuel cell 131, a high-pressure secondary cell
(battery) 150B, a low-pressure secondary power (lead storage
battery; not shown) and the driving motor 115. Examples of the
power management and control unit 150A include VCU and ECU
(Electronic Control Unit).
Specifically, the VCU is a device configured to control generated
power (output current, output voltage) of the fuel cell 131 and
charge-discharge of the battery 150B, in accordance with a command
from the ECU, and has electronic circuits therein, such as DC/DC
chopper and DC/DC converter.
As shown in FIG. 14, the power management and control unit 150A is
disposed next to the fuel cell 131 in a vehicle width direction and
fixed onto a sub-frame (not shown) under the floor panel 123 at a
position, for example, below the passenger seat.
A battery 150B is another electric power device 150 that performs a
power control in the fuel cell system 130. The battery 150B is
configured to charge surplus power of the fuel cell 131 and
regenerative power from the driving motor 115, and to discharge
charged power to assist the fuel cell 131 during acceleration or
the like, and contains therein an assembled battery formed of a
plurality of lithium-ion type electric cells (secondary cell)
arranged in series. As shown in FIG. 14, the battery 150B is fixed
onto a sub-frame (not shown) on a rear side of the fuel cell 131,
and disposed under the floor panel 123.
PDU (not shown) is also the electric power device 150 that performs
a power control in the fuel cell system 130, and specifically,
receives direct-current power in accordance with an opening amount
of the accelerator pedal 116 from the power management and control
unit 150A, converts the power into three-phase alternating-current
power, and outputs the power to the driving motor 115. The PDU
(electric power device 150) generates regenerative power during
deceleration, and then, in a reverse manner, converts the power
into direct-current power, outputs the power to the power
management and control unit 150A, and charges the power to the
battery 150B.
Since the electric power device 150 has a portion where high output
power runs back and forth, the electric power device 150 is encased
in a sealed container, in order to prevent internal short-circuit
(electrical short) which may otherwise be caused by intrusion of
debris, water or the like from outside. In the container forming
the sealed space, a vent hole 167 communicating with the atmosphere
is formed, in order to prevent inner pressure fluctuation which may
be caused along with the generation of Joule heat. To put it
another way, the electric power device 150 is a device that
requires ventilation of the inside thereof.
From the vent hole 167, a piping system 160 extends, and a nozzle
166 is disposed at an end portion of the piping system 160 and
opens toward the gas sensor 140. The piping system 160 is
appropriately fixed to peripheral structures, such as the fuel cell
131 and the sub-frame, by brackets.
It should be noted that some possible modified embodiments of the
nozzle 166 and surrounding portions thereof has been described in
detail in the first embodiment, and thus a duplicate description is
omitted.
<Gas Sensor, Inspection Gas Introduction Piping (First
Piping)>
The gas sensor 140 is a sensor configured to detect a concentration
of the leaked gas (hydrogen), and to output a signal corresponding
to the detected concentration to the ECU (not shown). The gas
sensor 140 may be, for example, of catalytic combustion type or
semiconductor type.
The first piping 161 is configured to lead an inspection gas to the
gas sensor 140 during a periodical inspection of the gas sensor
140. The inspection gas is a calibration gas whose hydrogen
concentration is adjusted to be a predetermined value, in order to
calibrate the gas sensor 140.
The piping system 160 will be described in detail below.
FIG. 15A is an enlarged side view showing a portion of the piping
system 160 of the power management and control unit 150A (electric
power device 150).
The piping system 160 includes: the first piping 161 (inspection
gas introduction piping) with one end having the nozzle 166 facing
the gas sensor 140 and the other end being a first connecting end
164; a second piping 162 (ventilating piping) having a channel
communicating with the inside of the sealed container of the power
management and control unit 150A (electric power device 150) and
extending from the vent hole 167 to the first connecting end 164 of
the first piping 161 through a portion with a level lower than a
level of the vent hole 167; and a rubber hose as a connector tube
190 with the ends thereof being detachably connected to the first
connecting end 164 and a second connecting end 165. When the gas
sensor 140 is inspected, the connector tube 190 is removed to
expose the first connecting end 164, and an inspection gas is
introduced from the first connecting end 164 to the gas sensor
140.
With this structure of the piping system 160, when the vehicle 110
(see FIG. 14) is in a normal state, the first connecting end 164
and the second connecting end 165 are connected as shown with a
solid line. (It should be noted that the expression "normal state"
means a state other than the inspection of the gas sensor 140, and
thus means a state during an operation of the ventilation-requiring
device. Since the ventilation-requiring device and the fuel cell
131 generally interlock, the "normal state" means a state during
the electricity generation by the fuel cell 131, in short, a state
during the operation of the vehicle 110. Specifically, a normal
state includes a state during the operation of the fuel cell 131
and power management and control unit 150A, and during the running
and standing of the vehicle 110.) In this case, even when the power
management and control unit 150A (electric power device 150)
repeats the cycle of normal temperature/heat generation, fresh air
enters the sealed space through the nozzle 166 and leaves
therefrom, and thus the inner pressure in the sealed container does
not fluctuate and intrusion of foreign matters can be prevented.
Even when droplets caused by condensation attaches to the inside of
the piping system 160 after long-term use, droplets accumulate at
the lower portion of the channel than the level of the vent hole
167, and therefore water does not enter the power management and
control unit 150A (electric power device 150).
When an amount of the accumulated water is large, the piping system
160 may be clogged and the inner pressure in the sealed container
of the power management and control unit 150A cannot be prevented
from fluctuating. However, during the periodical inspection of the
gas sensor 140, the connecting portion of the first connecting end
164 (or the second connecting end 165) is detached as shown with
two-dot chain lines in FIG. 15A, and the accumulated water or the
like is discharged. Therefore, even though the inner pressure in
the sealed container temporarily fluctuates, serious situation can
be prevented.
The gas sensor 140 configured to detect a fuel gas with a small
specific gravity is positioned at a high position, and an end of
the inspection gas introduction piping (first piping 161) for
spraying the inspection gas onto the gas sensing part is also
positioned at a high position. Therefore, even when the vehicle 110
runs over a puddle or the like, water barely enters the electric
power device 150 through the piping system 160, suitably protecting
the electric power device 150.
To put it another way, since the piping system 160 has the
above-mentioned features, the first piping 161 configured to
inspect the gas sensor 140 can also serve as breathing piping for
the power management and control unit 150A (electric power device
150). Moreover, the second piping 162 can be cleaned at the same
time as the inspection of the gas sensor 140.
Therefore, by the present invention, the electric power device 150
can be protected from the intrusion of foreign matters, such as
water, mud and debris, to thereby securing performance stability,
and to provide the fuel cell vehicle 110 having excellent
maintainability.
<First Modified Version of Second Embodiment>
FIG. 15B shows a first modified version of the piping system
160.
In this modified version, the second piping 162 includes a
downslope portion in the channel from the vent hole 167 to the
first connecting end 164 or to the second connecting end 165.
With this structure of the piping system 160, droplets attaching to
the inside go down the slope and accumulate at a portion where the
piping system 160 is detachably connected. When the connection is
detached, water present in the piping system 160 is removed at
once.
In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B, the rubber hose
which is flexible as a whole and undergoes elastic deformation is
illustrated as the connector tube 190, for connecting the first
connecting end 164 and the second connecting end 165 brought into a
proximity to each other. Alternatively, the connector tube 190 may
be bellows made of a metallic tube. The connector tube 190 does not
have to have flexibility along its entire length, and only a
portion in the vicinity of the portion detachably connected may be
imparted with flexibility, while the connector tube 190 is retained
long (a distance between the first connecting end 164 and the
second connecting end 165 is retained long). Alternatively, only
one of the connecting ends of the connector tube 190 may have
flexibility.
With this structure, a degree of freedom of the design of the
piping system 160 is improved, the detaching and connecting of the
piping system 160 upon the inspection of the gas sensor 140 becomes
simple, and in a normal state, a portion detachably connected is
securely connected, preventing foreign matters from intruding into
the piping system 160.
It should be noted that the connector tube 190 is not an essential
component, and may not be present if one end portion of either of
the first piping 161 or the second piping 162 has a structure that
functions as the connector tube 190.
<Second Modified Version of Second Embodiment>
FIG. 16 shows a second modified version of the vehicle 110 having
the piping system 160, in which the power management and control
unit 150A (electric power device 150) is integrally formed with the
battery 150B (electric power device 150) positioned on a rear
side.
Also in this case, a channel of the piping system 160 extends from
the vent hole 167 and passes a portion lower than the level of the
vent hole 167; the end portion of the channel is positioned near
the gas sensor 140; and the nozzle 166 is formed in the end portion
in such a manner that the nozzle 166 faces the gas sensor 140.
It should be noted that, though it is not shown, the first piping
161 having the nozzle 166 and the second piping 162 extending from
the vent hole 167 are detachably connected through the connector
tube 190.
<Third Modified Version of Second Embodiment>
FIG. 17 shows a third modified version of the vehicle 110 in which
the inspection gas introduction piping for the second gas sensor
140B (140) positioned near the fuel tank 134 also function as
piping communicating with the inside of the electric power device
150 (shown as battery 150B).
Also in this case, a channel of the piping system 160 extends from
the vent hole 167 and passes a portion lower than the level of the
vent hole 167; the end portion of the channel is positioned near
the gas sensor 140; and the nozzle 166 is formed in the end portion
in such a manner that the nozzle 166 faces the gas sensor 140.
It should be noted that, though it is not shown, the first piping
161 having the nozzle 166 and the second piping 162 extending from
the vent hole 167 are detachably connected through the connector
tube 190.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above.
However, the present invention is not limited to the
above-described embodiments, and it is a matter of course that the
above embodiments may be properly modified.
For example, in the embodiments described above, the vehicle 110
(car) having the fuel cell system 130 mounted thereon has been
illustrated. Alternatively, the present invention may be applied to
other moving bodies, such as motorcycle, train and ship.
Furthermore, the present invention may be applied to a floor type
fuel cell system for household or business, a fuel cell system in a
hot-water supply system and the like.
Third Embodiment
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described
with reference to FIGS. 18 to 22. It should be noted that
components in the third embodiment equivalent to the components in
the second embodiment with reference numerals in the 100s are
numbered with 200s (last two digits are the same), and will be
described in detail only when necessary. The components different
form those of the second embodiment will be mainly described.
In a vehicle 210 shown in FIG. 18 according to the third
embodiment, lattice-wise arranged sub-frames 281, 282, 283 to be
installed to a vehicle body, such as side frames, are specifically
illustrated. The sub-frames 281, 282, 283 are designed in such a
manner that when assembled with the vehicle body including side
frames and the like, they come to a predetermined positional
relationship with the vehicle body.
<First Gas Sensor 240A and First Piping 261a>
With reference to FIGS. 19 and 20, structures and functional
effects of a first gas sensor 240A, a first piping (inspection gas
introduction piping) 261a and surrounding portions thereof will be
described in detail.
The first gas sensor 240A is configured to detect hydrogen which
leaks mainly from a fuel cell (fuel gas container) 231 and stays in
a fuel gas holding portion 220a, and removably attached to a lower
face of a floor panel 223 forming the fuel gas holding portion 220a
above the fuel cell 231, by a bolt or the like. A gas sensing part
240a of the first gas sensor 240A is in an approximate cylindrical
shape and has a downward opening, so as to capture hydrogen staying
in the fuel gas holding portion 220a. It should be noted that, in
the gas sensing part 240a and a gas sensing part 240b, which will
be described later, have respective gas sensing elements (not
shown) for detecting hydrogen.
The first piping 261a is configured to lead an inspection gas
toward the first gas sensor 240A, and spray the inspection gas to
the gas sensing part 240a of the first gas sensor 240A from an end
269a side, during a periodical inspection of the first gas sensor
240A. In the first piping 261a on the end 269a side, a nozzle 266a
configured to eject the inspection gas is formed so as to face the
gas sensing part 240a having a downward opening, and thus the
inspection gas is allowed to be sprayed to the gas sensing part
240a.
The first piping 261a is fixed to the sub-frame 281 through a
bracket 284, and to the fuel cell 231 through brackets 286, 287. A
second piping 262a, which will be described below, is also fixed to
the fuel cell 231 through a bracket 288.
In a normal state, a first connecting end 264a of the first piping
261a is connected to the second piping (ventilating piping) 262a
through a rubber hose (connector tube) 290a. The first connecting
end 264a of the first piping 261a extends to a lower side of the
vehicle 210, and accordingly, during the inspection of the first
gas sensor 240A, for example, when an under cover (not shown) of
the vehicle 210 is removed, the first connecting end 264a is
exposed on the lower side of the vehicle.
On connecting portions of the rubber hose 290a with the first
piping 261a and with the second piping 262a, hose bands 291a, 291a
are attached, in order to prevent the rubber hose 290a from falling
off which may otherwise be caused by vibration or the like.
With this structure, in the normal state, the inside of a power
management and control unit 250A (electric power device 250)
communicates with a center tunnel S2 through the second piping
262a, the rubber hose 290a, the first piping 261a and the nozzle
266a, with the nozzle 266a serving as a ventilating hole.
Therefore, the power management and control unit 250A in which air
expands or contracts due to the operation of the power management
and control unit 250A is ventilated through the second piping 262a,
the first piping 261a and the like. In addition, since the nozzle
266a functioning as a ventilating hole is positioned above the
power management and control unit 250A, even when, for example, the
vehicle 210 runs over a puddle, water is prevented from entering
the power management and control unit 250A.
<Procedure for Installing First Piping 261a>
Herein, procedure for installing the first piping 261a will be
described.
At a predetermined position of the sub-frame 281 before being
installed to the vehicle body, the fuel cell 231 and cathode
auxiliaries 236 are fixed. The sub-frame 281 is configured so as to
be in predetermined positional relationships with the vehicle body
and with the first gas sensor 240A fixed thereto, when installed to
the vehicle body. Therefore, the bracket 284 fixed to the sub-frame
281 is also brought into a predetermined positional relationship
with the first gas sensor 240A, when the sub-frame 281 is installed
to the vehicle body.
In addition, the attachment position of the first piping 261a to
the bracket 284 is designed, using an engineering drawing, in such
a manner that the inspection gas from the nozzle 266a is directed
toward the gas sensing part 240a. It should be noted that the
attachment position of the first piping 261a is marked, for
example, with positioning pins, and this attachment position and
the bracket 284 form a positioning mechanism for setting the first
piping 261a to the predetermined position relative to the sub-frame
281.
First, the first piping 261a is attached to the bracket 284 fixed
to the sub-frame 281, while performing a position adjustment, and
then attached to the brackets 286, 287 fixed to the fuel cell 231.
Subsequently, the sub-frame 281 to which the fuel cell 231, the
cathode auxiliaries 236 and the first piping 261a are attached is
raised with a hydraulic jack or the like, to thereby install the
sub-frame 281 to the vehicle body. As a result, the nozzle 266a is
positioned so as to face the opening of the gas sensing part
240a.
In this manner, the first piping 261a is positioned not relative to
the brackets 286, 287 fixed to the fuel cell 231, but to the
bracket 284 fixed to the sub-frame 281, and thus the first piping
261a can be precisely installed. With this structure, when the
first gas sensor 240A is inspected, the inspection gas from the
nozzle 266a can be suitably sprayed to the gas sensing part 240a of
the first gas sensor 240A, and needless spraying of the inspection
gas can be prevented.
<Inspection of First Gas Sensor 240A>
Next, the inspection of the first gas sensor 240A will be
described.
First the under cover of the vehicle 210 is removed, and then the
rubber hose 290a on a first piping 261a side is detached.
Subsequently, an inspection gas is introduced to the first
connecting end 264a of the first piping 261a. The inspection gas is
then led to the first gas sensor 240A through the first piping
261a, and appropriately sprayed from the nozzle 266a on the end
269a side of the first piping 261a to the gas sensing part 240a of
the first gas sensor 240A, without needless spray loss. With this
structure, the first gas sensor 240A can be suitably inspected.
<Removal of First Gas Sensor 240A>
Next, removal of the first gas sensor 240A will be described when
an extensive examination or the like is required based on the
result of the inspection, such as the first gas sensor 240A as
determined to be out of order.
After removing the under cover of the jacked-up vehicle 210, while
supporting the sub-frame 281 with a hydraulic jack or the like, the
sub-frame 281 is detached from the vehicle body. Subsequently, the
sub-frame 281 is lowered by the hydraulic jack or the like (see
FIG. 20).
As a result, the fuel cell 231, power management and control unit
250A and first piping 261a fixed onto the sub-frame 281 are also
lowered together with the sub-frame 281, and the first gas sensor
240A is exposed downward. In this state, the first gas sensor 240A
can be easily removed from the floor panel 223.
To put it another way, in a case where the first piping 261a is
attached to a floor panel 223 side, after the sub-frame 281 and the
fuel cell 231 or the like fixed thereto are removed, it is
necessary to remove the first piping 261a, which will complicate
the removal step. However, according to the vehicle 210 of the
third embodiment, since the first piping 261a is attached to the
sub-frame 281 side, when the sub-frame 281 and the fuel cell 231 or
the like fixed thereto are removed, the first piping 261a is also
removed together, simplifying the removal step. As a result, the
first gas sensor 240A can be swiftly removed, improving
workability. Moreover, after removing the fuel cell 231 and the
first gas piping 261a, the first gas sensor 240A can be visually
inspected.
<Second Gas Sensor 240B and First Piping 261b>
With reference to FIGS. 21 and 22, structures and functional
effects of a second gas sensor 240B, a first piping (inspection gas
introduction piping) 261b and surrounding portions thereof will be
described in detail.
The second gas sensor 240B is configured to detect hydrogen which
leaks mainly from a fuel tank 234 and stays in a fuel gas holding
portion 220b, and removably attached to the lower face of the floor
panel 223 forming the fuel gas holding portion 220b above the fuel
tank 234, by a bolt or the like. The gas sensing part 240b of the
second gas sensor 240B is in an approximate cylindrical shape and
has a downward opening, so as to capture hydrogen staying in the
fuel gas holding portion 220b.
The first piping 261b is configured to lead the inspection gas
toward the second gas sensor 240B, and sprays the inspection gas to
the gas sensing part 240b of the second gas sensor 240B from an end
269b side, during a periodical inspection of the second gas sensor
240B. In the first piping 261b on the end 269b side, a nozzle 266b
configured to eject the inspection gas is formed so as to face a
gas sensing part 240b having a downward opening, and thus the
inspection gas is allowed to be sprayed to the gas sensing part
240b.
The first piping 261b is fixed to the sub-frame 283 through a
bracket 285, and to the fuel tank 234 by an adhesive, such as epoxy
resin adhesive. A second piping 262b, which will be described
below, is fixed to the sub-frame 282 through a bracket 289.
In a normal state, a first connecting end 264b of the first piping
261b is connected to the second piping (ventilating piping) 262b
through a rubber hose 290b. The first connecting end 264b of the
first piping 261b extends to a lower side of the vehicle 210, and
accordingly, during the inspection of the second gas sensor 240B,
for example, when an under cover (not shown) of the vehicle 210 is
removed, the first connecting end 264b is exposed on the lower side
of the vehicle.
On connecting portions of the rubber hose 290b with the first
piping 261b and with the second piping 262b, hose bands 291b, 291b
are attached, in order to prevent the rubber hose 290b from falling
off which may otherwise be caused by vibration or the like.
With this structure, in the normal state, the inside of a battery
250B (electric power device 250) communicates with a tank room B2
through the second piping 262b, the rubber hose 290b, the first
piping 261b and the nozzle 266b, with the nozzle 266b serving as a
ventilating hole. Therefore, the battery 250B in which air expands
or contracts due to the operation of the battery 250B is ventilated
through the second piping 262b, the first piping 261b and the like.
In addition, since the nozzle 266b functioning as a ventilating
hole is positioned above the battery 250B, even when, for example,
the vehicle 210 runs over a puddle, water is prevented from
entering the battery 250B.
<Procedure for Installing First Piping 261b>
Herein, procedure for installing the first piping 261b will be
described.
At a predetermined position of the sub-frame 283 before being
installed to the vehicle body, the fuel tank 234 is fixed. The
sub-frame 283 is configured so as to be in predetermined positional
relationships with the vehicle body and with the second gas sensor
240B fixed thereto, when installed to the vehicle body. Therefore,
the bracket 285 fixed to the sub-frame 283 is also brought into a
predetermined positional relationship with the second gas sensor
240B, when the sub-frame 283 is installed to the vehicle body.
In addition, the attachment position of the first piping 261b to
the bracket 285 is designed, using an engineering drawing, in such
a manner that the inspection gas from the nozzle 266b is directed
toward the gas sensing part 240b. It should be noted that the
attachment position of the first piping 261b is marked, for
example, with positioning pins, and this attachment position and
the bracket 285 form a positioning mechanism for setting the first
piping 261b to the predetermined position relative to the sub-frame
283.
First, the first piping 261b is attached to the bracket 285 fixed
to the sub-frame 283, while performing a position adjustment, and
then attached to the fuel tank 234 with an adhesive or the like.
Subsequently, the sub-frame 283 to which the fuel tank 234 and the
first piping 261b are attached is raised with a hydraulic jack or
the like, to thereby install the sub-frame 283 to the vehicle body.
As a result, the nozzle 266b is positioned so as to face the
opening of the gas sensing part 240b.
In this manner, the first piping 261b is positioned not relative to
the fuel tank 234 with which it is difficult to perform a
positional adjustment due to a curved outer face thereof, but to
the bracket 285 fixed to the sub-frame 283, and thus the first
piping 261b can be precisely installed. With this structure, when
the second gas sensor 240B is inspected, the inspection gas from
the nozzle 266b can be suitably sprayed to the gas sensing part
240b of the second gas sensor 240B, and needless spraying of the
inspection gas can be prevented.
<Inspection of Second Gas Sensor 240B>
Next, the inspection of the second gas sensor 240B will be
described.
First the under cover of the vehicle 210 is removed, and then the
rubber hose 290b on a first piping 261b side is detached.
Subsequently, an inspection gas is introduced to the first
connecting end 264b of the first piping 261b. The inspection gas is
then led to the second gas sensor 240B through the first piping
261b, and appropriately sprayed from the nozzle 266b on the end
269b side of the first piping 261b to the gas sensing part 240b of
the second gas sensor 240B, without needless spray loss. With this
structure, the second gas sensor 240B can be suitably
inspected.
<Removal of Second Gas Sensor 240B>
Next, removal of the second gas sensor 240B will be described when
an extensive examination or the like is required based on the
result of the inspection, such as the second gas sensor 240B as
determined to be out of order.
After removing the under cover of the jacked-up vehicle 210, the
rubber hose 290b on a first piping 261b side is detached, to
disconnect the first piping 261b and the battery 250B. In other
words, the rubber hose 290b, the hose bands 291b and the like
together serve as a detaching mechanism for disconnecting the first
piping 261b and the battery 250B, upon removal of the fuel tank
234. In this manner, the first piping 261b and the battery 250B are
disconnected, and therefore, there is no need to remove the battery
250B (sub-frame 282) during the removal of the fuel tank 234.
Then, while supporting the sub-frame 283 with a hydraulic jack or
the like, the sub-frame 283 is detached from the vehicle body.
Subsequently, the sub-frame 283 is lowered by the hydraulic jack or
the like (see FIG. 22).
As a result, the fuel tank 234 and first piping 261b fixed onto the
sub-frame 283 are also lowered together with the sub-frame 283, and
the second gas sensor 240B is exposed downward. In this state, the
second gas sensor 240B can be easily removed from the floor panel
223.
To put it another way, since the first piping 261b is attached to
the sub-frame 283 side, when the sub-frame 283 and the fuel tank
234 or the like fixed thereto are removed, the first piping 261b is
also removed together, simplifying the removal step, and improving
workability.
<Modified Version of Third Embodiment>
Next, a modified version of the third embodiment of the present
invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 23 and 24.
Descriptions will be made only for the portions different from the
third embodiment.
In the modified version, the fuel tank 234 is fixed to the
sub-frame 283 through seatings 234a, 234a, and also through two
tank bands 234b provided along a periphery of the fuel tank 234.
Each tank band 234b is divided into three pieces in a
circumferential direction and the pieces are connected to each
other with connection jigs 234c, 234c capable of finely adjusting a
whole length of the tank band 234b. With this structure, the
precise position of the fuel tank 234 is further maintained against
vibrations.
In addition, in this modified version, the first piping 261b is not
directly fixed to the fuel tank 234 but to brackets 234d, 234d
fixed to the tank band 234b. However, a rubber hose 290b side
(first connecting end 264b side) of the first piping 261b is
attached to the sub-frame 283 through the bracket 285, like in the
third embodiment.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above.
However, the present invention is not limited to the
above-described embodiments, and it is a matter of course that the
above embodiments may be further properly modified.
For example, in the embodiments described above, hydrogen is used
as the fuel gas, and alternatively, any fuel gas can be used as
long as it generates proton (hydrogen ion) by electrode reaction in
the fuel cell and has a smaller specific gravity than that of
nitrogen. Examples include methane.
In the embodiments described above, the fuel cell 231, the fuel
tank 234 and the battery 250B are separately fixed to the
sub-frames 281, 282 and 283, respectively. Alternatively, these
components may be fixed onto a single sub-frame, in other words,
they may share a sub-frame.
* * * * *