U.S. patent number 7,727,282 [Application Number 11/384,931] was granted by the patent office on 2010-06-01 for method and apparatus for implanting a prosthesis.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Biomet Manufacturing Corp.. Invention is credited to Ryan C Lakin, Kimberly S Parcher, Kurt N Schmidt, W Jason Slone, Aaron J Smits.
United States Patent |
7,727,282 |
Slone , et al. |
June 1, 2010 |
Method and apparatus for implanting a prosthesis
Abstract
A method and apparatus for implanting various portions of a
prosthesis into an anatomy. The instruments can include portions
that allow for positive and rigid engagement with a selected
prosthesis member to allow for positioning it relative to the
anatomy. Further, various instruments can include portions that
allow it to engage or match with marking portions or alignment
portions on a first prosthesis member to align a second prosthesis
member with the first one. Further, methods of using the various
instruments are taught and providing for a less or minimally
invasive procedure.
Inventors: |
Slone; W Jason (Silver Lake,
IN), Parcher; Kimberly S (Etna Green, IN), Lakin; Ryan
C (Newton, NJ), Smits; Aaron J (Wayne, IN), Schmidt;
Kurt N (Warsaw, IN) |
Assignee: |
Biomet Manufacturing Corp.
(Warsaw, IN)
|
Family
ID: |
38518890 |
Appl.
No.: |
11/384,931 |
Filed: |
March 17, 2006 |
Prior Publication Data
|
|
|
|
Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
|
US 20070219562 A1 |
Sep 20, 2007 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
623/22.12;
623/22.24; 623/22.21; 606/99; 606/91 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61F
2/4637 (20130101); A61F 2/34 (20130101); A61F
2310/00179 (20130101); A61F 2002/3417 (20130101); A61F
2310/00023 (20130101); A61F 2002/30808 (20130101); A61F
2002/4635 (20130101); A61F 2310/00017 (20130101); A61F
2002/30405 (20130101); A61F 2220/0033 (20130101); A61F
2250/0097 (20130101); A61F 2002/3403 (20130101); A61F
2002/30331 (20130101); A61F 2002/30822 (20130101); A61F
2250/001 (20130101); A61F 2002/30617 (20130101); A61F
2002/30505 (20130101); A61F 2220/0025 (20130101); A61F
2310/00011 (20130101); A61F 2002/30332 (20130101); A61F
2/4609 (20130101); A61F 2002/30545 (20130101); A61F
2002/4681 (20130101); A61F 2310/00029 (20130101); A61F
2002/30426 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61F
2/34 (20060101); A61B 17/88 (20060101); A61F
2/46 (20060101) |
Field of
Search: |
;623/22.11,22.21-22.39,22.12 ;606/91,99 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Other References
"Conserve Total 6mm Shell with BFH Technology," Wright Medical
Technology, Inc., copyright 2003 (8 sheets). cited by other .
"Conserve Total Hip System with BFH Technology," Wright Medical
Technology, Inc., copyright 2003 (6 sheets). cited by other .
"Lineage Acetabular Cup System," Wright Medical Technology, Inc.
copyright 2004 (10 sheets). cited by other.
|
Primary Examiner: Willse; David H
Assistant Examiner: Wolf; Megan
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Harness, Dickey
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An implantation system for positioning a prosthesis system
relative to a selected portion of an anatomy including a boney
portion, the implantation system comprising: a shell operable to be
positioned relative to the boney portion, the shell including one
of an opening and a projection; a shell inserter instrument
operable to engage an exterior engagement portion of the shell to
hold the shell in a selected orientation, the shell inserter
instrument having a shell engaging finger extending from a cam
follower member that extends into a top plate of the shell inserter
instrument, the top plate defines a cam to allow the follower
member to move by the cam; a liner to engage an interior portion of
the shell; and a liner inserter instrument to hold the liner in a
selected orientation and a shell alignment member to align the
shell to orient the liner inserter relative to the shell, the shell
alignment member including the other of the opening and the
projection, the opening receiving the projection to orient the
liner inserter relative to the shell; wherein the shell and the
liner are operable to be positioned relative to the anatomy;
wherein the shell includes an exterior wall that defines a detent
to be engaged by a shell engaging finger extending from the shell
inserter instrument.
2. The implantation system of claim 1, wherein the top plate
includes a handle engaging member; where a handle is operable to
engage the top plate to rotate the top plate to move the cam.
3. The implantation system of claim 1, further comprising: a cam
follower engaging member operable to hold the cam follower member
in a selected position relative to the top plate.
4. The implantation system of claim 1, wherein the shell inserter
instrument is operable to be positioned relative to the bony
portion through a small incision formed in a portion of the
anatomy.
5. The implantation system of claim 1, wherein the shell defines a
shell axis and the liner defines a liner axis; wherein the liner is
operably fixed in the shell when the liner is inserted in the shell
when the liner axis is aligned with the shell axis.
6. The implantation system of claim 5, wherein the projection is
received within the opening to orient the liner relative to the
shell so that the liner axis is aligned with the shell axis.
7. The implantation system of claim 6, wherein the liner inserter
instrument includes a liner holding member moveable between an
engaged position and a non-engaged position; a biasing member
operable to bias the liner holding member in the engaged
position.
8. The implantation system of claim 7, wherein the liner inserter
instrument further includes a liner disengaging member; wherein the
liner disengaging member moves the liner and assists in moving the
liner holding member from the engaged position to the unengaged
position and to insert the liner into the shell.
9. The implantation system of claim 1, wherein the shell defines
the opening; and wherein the liner inserter instrument includes the
projection.
10. The implantation system of claim 9, wherein when the projection
is received in the opening, the liner is held by the liner inserter
instrument and is aligned with the shell.
11. The implantation system of claim 1, wherein the opening is
included on a rim of the shell, and wherein the opening includes an
undercut area underneath the rim, the undercut area extending
transverse to an axis of the shell, the projection received in the
opening and moveable into the undercut area to be coupled to the
shell.
12. The implantation system of claim 11, wherein the projection
includes an extending finger that extends transverse to an axis of
the shell and that is moveable into the undercut area.
13. The implantation system of claim 12, wherein the liner inserter
instrument is rotatable about an axis of the shell to move the
extending finger into the undercut area.
14. The implantation system of claim 1, wherein the shell includes
a rim, and the opening is included on the rim.
15. The implantation system of claim 14, wherein the rim includes
an inner edge and an outer edge, and the opening extends from the
inner edge to the outer edge.
16. An implantation system for positioning a prosthesis system
relative to a selected portion of an anatomy including a boney
portion, the implantation system comprising: a shell operable to be
positioned relative to the boney portion; a shell inserter
instrument operable to engage the shell to hold the shell in a
selected orientation, the shell inserter instrument including: a
top plate defining a track; an engagement member including an
engagement finger and a cam engaging portion able to be positioned
in the track; a shell contacting portion; and a handle operable to
rotate the top plate to move the engagement member; a liner to
engage an interior portion of the shell; and a liner inserter
instrument to hold the liner in a selected orientation and a shell
alignment member to align the shell to orient the liner inserter
relative to the shell; wherein the shell and the liner are operable
to be positioned relative to the anatomy; wherein the top plate
defines a central axis; wherein the track defines a portion of an
arc that extends between a first track end and a second track end;
and wherein the first track end is further from the central axis
than the second track end.
17. The implantation system of claim 16, wherein the top plate is
rotatable relative to the shell contacting portion.
18. The implantation system of claim 16, wherein when the top plate
rotates, the cam engaging portion moves within the track between
the first track end and the second track end.
19. The implantation system of claim 16, further comprising: a cam
locking member; wherein the cam locking member is able to lock the
cam engaging portion at a selected position relative to the top
plate.
20. The implantation system of claim 16, wherein the shell is
operable to contact the shell contacting portion so that the handle
is operable to rotate the top plate.
21. The implantation system of claim 20, wherein the shell defines
an inserter engagement portion; wherein the engagement finger is
operable to engage the inserter engagement portion.
22. The implantation system of claim 16, wherein the shell includes
one of an opening and a projection, and wherein the liner inserter
includes the other of the opening and the projection, the opening
receiving the projection to orient the liner inserter relative to
the shell.
23. An implantation system for positioning a prosthesis system
relative to a selected portion of an anatomy including a boney
portion, the implantation system comprising: a shell operable to be
positioned relative to the boney portion; a shell inserter
instrument operable to engage the shell to hold the shell in a
selected orientation, the shell inserter instrument including: a
top plate defining a track; an engagement member including an
engagement finger and a cam engaging portion able to be positioned
in the track; an alignment plate; a shell contacting portion; and a
handle operable to rotate the top plate to move the engagement
member; a liner to engage an interior portion of the shell; and a
liner inserter instrument to hold the liner in a selected
orientation and a shell alignment member to align the shell to
orient the liner inserter relative to the shell; wherein the shell
and the liner are operable to be positioned relative to the
anatomy; wherein the alignment plate is positioned between the top
plate and the shell contacting portion; and wherein the alignment
plate is operable to guide the engagement finger in a substantially
linear motion on a radius relative to the top plate.
24. An implantation system for positioning a prosthesis system
relative to a selected portion of the anatomy including a boney
portion, the implantation system comprising: a shell operable to be
positioned relative to the boney portion; a shell inserter
instrument operable to engage an exterior engagement portion of the
shell to hold the shell in a selected orientation, the shell
inserter instrument including: a top plate defining a track; an
engagement member including an engagement finger and a cam engaging
portion able to be positioned in the track; a shell contacting
portion; a handle operable to rotate the top plate to move the
engagement member; and an alignment plate; a liner to engage an
interior portion of the shell; and a liner inserter instrument to
hold the liner in a selected orientation; wherein the shell and the
liner are operable to be positioned relative to the anatomy; and
wherein the liner inserter instrument includes: a liner holding
body; a liner engaging member including a finger able to contact
the liner and moveable between a contacting position and a
non-contacting position; a biasing member to bias the finger to the
contacting position; a shell alignment member able to align the
liner relative to the shell; and a disengagement member to assist
in moving the finger from the contacting position to the
non-contacting position; wherein the alignment plate is positioned
between the top plate and the shell contacting portion; and wherein
the alignment plate is operable to guide the engagement finger in a
substantially linear motion on a radius relative to the top
plate.
25. The implantation system of claim 24, wherein the biasing member
includes an arm formed as a single portion with the finger.
26. The implantation system of claim 24, further comprising: a
handle extending from liner holding body; wherein the handle
defines a bore therethrough.
27. The implantation system of claim 26, wherein the disengagement
member includes a rod extending through the bore; a disengagement
body extending from the rod; an activation portion extending from
the rod; wherein the activation portion and the disengagement body
generally extend from opposite ends of the rod.
28. The implantation system of claim 27, wherein the activation
portion is operable to move the rod and the disengagement body to
overcome the biasing force of the biasing member to move the
finger.
29. The implantation system of claim 24, wherein the shell includes
an alignment portion and wherein the shell alignment member is
operable to positively engage the shell alignment portion.
30. The implantation system of claim 24, wherein the shell includes
one of an opening and a projection, and wherein liner inserter
includes the other of the opening and the projection, the opening
receiving the projection to orient the liner inserter relative to
the shell.
Description
FIELD
The present teachings relate generally to a method and apparatus of
positioning an implant in an anatomy, and particularly to a method
and apparatus for positioning an implant relative to a joint.
BACKGROUND
A natural anatomy includes several anatomical portions that are
generally able to articulate relative to one another in a
substantially pain-free and natural manner. For example, a glenoid
can articulate with a humerus or an acetabelum can articulate with
a femoral head. For various reasons, however, the various
anatomical portions may become damaged or not operate in a natural
manner. Due to various reasons, for example, injury or disease, the
anatomical portions can become damaged. Once an anatomical portion
has become damaged, under certain circumstances, a prosthesis can
be positioned relative to the remaining anatomical portions to
allow for mimicking the natural anatomical motion. For example, an
acetabular implant can be positioned relative to an acetabulum, a
femoral head implant can be positioned relative to a femur, or
other various prosthesis can be positioned in the anatomy to allow
for obtaining or repairing natural anatomical motion.
Various anatomical implants can be positioned relative to the
anatomy using various procedures. Generally, an open procedure can
be used to position a prosthesis relative to the anatomy. In an
open procedure, an incision is formed through the soft tissue,
which can include adipose tissue, muscle tissue, skin tissue and
the like. The open incision allows for access to the entire
anatomical area to be replaced, such as a large incision over a
substantial portion of the knee joint, the hip joint, or the like.
The damaged anatomical portions can then be generally removed to
allow for placement of the prosthesis members. In a hip joint, the
acetabulum may be reamed and an acetabular implant may be
positioned relative to the reamed actabelum.
Generally, an implant may include a portion that allows it to be
fixed to the anatomy and a second portion that allows it to
articulate with another portion of anatomy or another implant. It
may be that the various portions are formed as a single member or
formed as multiple members. Nevertheless, the large incision
generally allows for ease of access to the natural anatomical
portions and for implanting the prosthesis.
It is desirable, however, to allow for the same ease of
implantation with use of a smaller incision. A less or minimally
invasive procedure can include forming an incision that is only
large enough or not substantially larger than the size of the
prosthesis or portions of the prosthesis to be implanted in the
anatomy. To perform such a procedure, it is desirable to provide
instruments that allow for ease of positioning the various portions
of the prosthesis and for preparing the anatomy for implantation of
the prosthesis while maintaining maximum efficacy of the
procedure.
SUMMARY
A method and apparatus for positioning a prosthesis relative to an
anatomy through a less invasive incision. The incision can be any
appropriate size, such as one that is generally similar to the size
of the prosthesis, one that can be expanded to receive the
prosthesis, or one that is appropriate for allowing a prosthesis
and various instruments to pass through for implanting the
prosthesis. Further, various apparatuses are taught that allow for
positioning, implanting, and inserting various prostheses relative
to an anatomy.
According to various embodiments, an implantation system for
positioning a prosthesis system relative to a selected portion of
an anatomy including a boney portion is taught. The implantation
system can include a shell operable to be positioned relative to
the boney portion and a liner to engage an interior portion of the
shell. The system can further include a shell inserter instrument
operable to engage an exterior engagement portion of the shell to
hold the shell in a selected orientation. Also, a liner inserter
instrument can hold the liner in a selected orientation and a shell
alignment member to engage the shell to orient the liner inserter
relative to the shell. The shell and the liner are operable to be
positioned relative to the anatomy.
According to various embodiments, an implantation system for
positioning a liner prosthesis system relative to a selected
portion of the anatomy including a boney portion and a shell
prosthesis is disclosed. The implantation system can include a
liner prosthesis holding body. A liner engaging member including a
finger able to contact the liner prosthesis and moveable between a
contacting position and a non-contacting position can be associated
with the holding body. A biasing member can bias the finger to the
contacting position. A shell prosthesis alignment member may align
the liner prosthesis holding body relative to the shell prosthesis.
Also, a disengagement member can assist in moving the finger from
the contacting position to the non-contacting position.
According to various embodiments, an implantation system for
positioning a shell prosthesis system relative to a selected
portion of the anatomy including a boney portion is disclosed. The
implantation system can include a top plate that defines a track.
An engagement member can include an engagement finger and a cam
engaging portion able to be positioned in the track. A shell
contacting portion can contact the prosthesis system. Also, a
handle can rotate the top plate to move the engagement member.
Further areas of applicability of the present teachings will become
apparent from the detailed description provided hereinafter. It
should be understood that the detailed description and various
embodiments are intended for purposes of illustration only and are
not intended to limit the scope of the teachings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present teachings will become more fully understood from the
detailed description and the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1A is a top plane view of an acetabular shell implant
according to various embodiments;
FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of the acetabular shell implant
of FIG. 1A;
FIG. 2 is a perspective top view of an acetabular shell implant
according to various embodiments;
FIG. 3A is a top perspective view of an acetabular liner implant
according to various embodiments;
FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of the acetabular liner of FIG.
3A.
FIG. 4A is a plan view of an acetabular liner inserter according to
various embodiments;
FIG. 4B is a detailed cross-sectional view of an acetabular liner
inserter assembly;
FIG. 4C is a perspective end view of an acetabular liner inserter
assembly;
FIG. 4D is a perspective end view of an acetabular liner inserter
assembly according to various embodiments;
FIG. 5 is a detailed cross-sectional view of an acetabular liner
inserter assembly engaged to an acetabular liner and positioned
relative to an acetabular shell implant.
FIG. 6 is a top perspective detailed view of an acetabular shell
inserter;
FIG. 7 is a detailed cross-sectional view of an acetabular shell
inserter assembly according to various embodiments;
FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of an acetabular shell
inserter assembly;
FIG. 9A is a detailed cross-sectional view of an acetabular shell
inserter assembly preparing to engage an acetabular shell according
to various embodiments;
FIG. 9B is a detailed cross-sectional view of an acetabular shell
assembly inserter engaging an acetabular shell;
FIG. 10A is an environmental view of an acetabular shell engaged by
an acetabular shell inserter relative to an anatomy;
FIG. 10B is an environmental view of an acetabular shell inserter
engaging an acetabular shell and positioning it relative to a
prepared acetabulum;
FIG. 11A is an environmental view of an implanted acetabular shell
in an acetabular liner inserter assembly engaging an acetabular
liner; and
FIG. 11B is an environmental view of an acetabular liner engaged by
an acetabular liner inserter and aligned with an axis of an
acetabular shell.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE VARIOUS EMBODIMENTS
The following description of the various embodiments is merely
exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the
teachings, its application, or uses. It will be understood that the
following teachings may be applied to any appropriate procedure for
an anatomy or a prosthesis to be implanted into an anatomy.
Although the following teachings relate generally to a prosthesis
to replace an acetabulum, it will be understood that the various
teachings, including the apparatuses and the methods herein, can be
applied to any appropriate procedure.
Initially, with reference to FIGS. 1A-2, an acetabular implant 10
is illustrated. The acetabular implant 10 can be formed of any
appropriate material such as titanium, cobalt chromium alloys,
stainless steel, or any other appropriate materials. The acetabular
implant 10 may include various portions, such as those discussed
herein. For example, the acetabular implant 10 can include a rim
12, a tapered inner wall 14, an axial bore 16 and a substantially
arcuate inner base. The tapered wall 14 and the arcuate base 18 can
be adapted to interact with various portions, such as a liner 40.
Further, the acetabular cup 10 can include an exterior upper wall
20 and an outer arcuate base 22. It will be understood that various
portions such as anti-rotation fins, spikes, bone in-growth
portions and the like can be formed on any of the exterior
portions, such as the exterior sidewall 20 or the exterior arcuate
base 22. Further, the outer portions may be left substantially
smooth to inhibit bone ingrowth for various purposes.
The rim 12 of the acetabular implant 10 can further include various
selected portions. For example, markings or alignment portion 24
can be formed in the rim 12, for various purposes such as those
discussed herein. The alignment portions 24 can include detents so
that a void can be defined in the rim 12 of the acetabular implant
10. It will be understood that any appropriate number of the
alignment markers 24 may be provided and the three illustrated are
merely an example. Nevertheless, the marking portions 24 can
include physical demarcations, such as the physical detents in the
rim 12, and/or may include surface demarcations, or any other
appropriate portion.
With reference to FIG. 2, an acetabular implant 10' that is similar
to the acetabular implant 10 illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B can
include marker portions 24' according to various embodiments. The
marker portions 24' may serve a purpose substantially similar to
the marker portions 24 on the acetabular implant 10 of FIGS. 1A and
1B yet can be formed in a different manner. The acetabular implant
10' can include many of the portions substantially similar to the
acetabular implant 10. For example, the acetabular implant 10'
includes a rim 12' similar to the rim 12 of the acetabular implant
10.
The marker portion 24' is formed in the rim 12' and generally
includes a first opening or passage 30. The opening 30 generally
traverses a selected depth into the sidewall of the acetabular
implant 10' and is substantially the entire width of the rim
portion 12'. The opening 30 extends from or interconnects with a
slot or undercut area 32. The undercut 32 can be defined in part by
an over layer or portion 34 and an end wall 36. The undercut slot
32 can extend from the opening 30 such that a portion that passes
through the opening 30 can be moved to the undercut area 32. In
this way, a portion that is moved into the undercut area 32 can
engage an underside 34' of the over portion 34. A member, such as
those described herein, can engage the undercut area 32 for various
purposes. Further, the marking portions 24' can be provided on the
implant 10' in any appropriate number. Simply, having four marking
portions 24' is merely exemplary.
It will be understood that the marker portions 24, 24' are merely
exemplary of various marker portions that can be formed on various
acetabular cups or shells 10, 10'. Any appropriate marking portion
can be used with the markers 24, 24' and those described herein are
merely exemplary. Also, the markers portions 24, 24' can be
physical engagement portions or simply include visual reference
points.
The acetabular shell, according to the various embodiments, can be
connected or inserted with an acetabular liner 40. The acetabular
or liner 40 can include various portions such as an upper ridge or
rim 42. The rim 42 can extend between an inner wall 44 and an outer
wall 46. An upper portion of the outer wall 46 can define a taper
48. The taper 48 can extend and interact with a bottom arcuate
portion 50. The inner wall 44 can also define an arcuate portion
and may be provided in appropriate radii, such as those that can
interact with a femoral head.
The acetabular liner 40 can be formed of various materials, such as
metals, polymers, ceramics and the like. For example, the
acetabular liner 40 can be formed of a selected ceramic material
and the taper 48 can be a selected taper to engage the taper
defined by the taper wall 14 of the acetabular cup 10, 10'. The
respective tapers defined by the acetabular cup taper 14 or the
acetabular liner, taper 48, can be any appropriate taper angles.
Generally, the taper angles can be about 0.5 degrees to about 30
degrees, such as about 10 degree to about 20 degrees. The various
taper angles can be any appropriate taper angle such as those that
allow for the acetabular liner 40 to substantially lock in the
acetabular cup 10 when the two tapers mate. This can allow the
acetabular liner 40 to substantially lock, or at least operably
lock in the acetabular shell 10 for use thereof. It will be
understood that the operable locking can be a locking that is
appropriate for use of the acetabular liner 40 as an anatomical
replacement when implanted in an anatomy, such as the human
anatomy, yet the acetabular liner 40 can be removed under various
circumstances.
Regardless, the taper portion 48 of the acetabular liner 40
generally must be aligned with the taper angle area 14 of the
acetabular shell 10. For example, the tapered area 48 can generally
be formed as a portion of a cone having a central axis A.
Similarly, the acetabular shell 10 can be formed as a portion of a
cone having a central axis B. To achieve a selected interaction of
the acetabular liner 40 with the acetabular shell 10, it can
generally be selected to substantially align the axis A and B as
the acetabular liner 40 is driven into or connected with the
acetabular shell 10.
The acetabular liner 40 can include connection portions 54 that
allow it to be connected with a selected instrument, such as an
acetabular liner implanter 60, illustrated in FIGS. 4A-5. The
acetabular liner inserter 60 includes an inserter body or assembly
62, a handle shaft assembly 64 including a shaft 66 that extends
from the inserter body 62 and a handle 68 that operably engages the
shaft 66. The shaft handle assembly 64 can include a cannular bore
formed there through, defined by a side wall 70. The side wall 70
can extend through the assembly 64 such that a shaft or rod 72 can
extend through the bore.
The rod 72 extends to an engaging end 74 from which a driver 76 can
extend from a distal end. Extending from a proximal end of the rod
72 is an impactor end 78. The impactor end 78 can include a member
or portion 79 that can be engaged by a hammer or other similar
apparatus to drive the acetabular liner 40 into the acetabular cup
10, as described herein.
With additional reference to FIGS. 4B and 4C, the acetabular liner
inserter 60 can include a plurality of portions defining the
inserter body 62. It will be understood that the various portions
may also be formed as a single member or integral member or various
portions may be formed as single members. Nevertheless, the
plurality of members described herein is merely exemplary for
forming the acetabular liner inserter 60. As discussed above, the
driver 76 can extend from the rod 72 that extends through the shaft
66. The shaft 66 can interconnect with a top plate 80. A plug 82
can be used to extend between the shaft 66 and the top plate 80,
but such a plug 82 is not necessary and the shaft 66 can be formed
integral with the top plate according to various embodiments. Also
interconnected with the top plate 80 is a second spacer or plug 84.
The second spacer 84 can further interconnect to the shaft 66 with
the inserter body 62 including a seat member 86. Further extending
from the top plate 80 are grippers or grip members 88. The grip
members 88 can include a grip finger 90 that is operable to move
relative to the top plate 80. The grip finger 90 can move in any
selected manner relative to the top plate 80 for engaging the
acetabular liner 40 as described herein. Further, a spring member
can extend from the top plate 80 to engage or assist in
manipulating the grip finger 90. As discussed herein, the spring 92
can bias the grip finger 90 in a selected direction, such as inward
toward the inserter body 76. The spring 92 can be any appropriate
portion and may be formed as a single piece with the grip finger
90.
The inserter body 76 can be formed of any appropriate materials
such as a metal, a polymer, or any other selected materials.
Generally, the inserter to body 76 can be formed of a material that
can insert the acetabular liner 40 without damaging the acetabular
liner 40. Therefore, the inserter body 76 can be formed of a
selected material that is selected based upon the material from
which the acetabular liner 40 is formed. Further, the inserter body
76 can include a distal or engaging end 76' that includes a radius
or other shape that is substantially complimentary to the shape of
the interior of the acetabular liner 40. In this way, the end 76'
of the inserter body 76 can engage a selected amount of the
interior surface of the acetabular liner 40 for implanting the
acetabular liner 40 into the acetabular shell 10, 10'. It will be
understood that the amount that the inserter body 76 engages the
acetabular liner 40 can be any selected amount.
Further, the acetabular liner inserter 60 can include an alignment
member 96. The alignment member 96 can engage the alignment or
marker portions 24, 24' as discussed above and further described
herein. It will be understood that the alignment member 96 can
include any appropriate portions to engage the various alignment
portions 24, 24' of the acetabular shell 10, 10'. Therefore, the
alignment member 96 can include a tip or end that is able to engage
the detent or depression 24 to allow a user to determine whether a
positive engagement has occurred. Further, the alignment portions
96 can include extending fingers or members 98 that may engage the
undercut area 32 to engage the under portion 34' of the over layer
34. This can allow the acetabular liner inserter 60 to align or
achieve a select alignment with the acetabular shell 10, 10' as
discussed further herein.
With reference to FIG. 4D the acetabular liner inserter 60',
according to various embodiments, is illustrated. As discussed
above the acetabular liner inserter 60' can include the alignment
member 96', according to various embodiments. Though the other
portions of the acetabular liner inserter 60' can be the same as
the other embodiments, the alignment members 96' can be provided to
not lock or fixedly engage with the alignment or marker portions
24, 24'. Rather, an engagement can simply include an indication of
alignment to a user, rather than locking or holding the acetabular
liner inserter 60' to the cup 10, 10' according to various
embodiments. Thus, it will be understood that the alignment
portions 96, 96' can be provided according to various embodiments,
and those illustrated herein are merely exemplary.
With reference to FIG. 5, it is exemplarily illustrated how the
acetabular liner inserter 60 can be used to align the acetabular
liner 40 with the acetabular shell 10, 10'. The acetabular liner 40
can be engaged with the gripper fingers 90 in the depression 54
defined by the acetabular shell 40. It will be understood that the
depression 54 can be a plurality of depressions, an annular
depression defined around the acetabular shell 40, or any
appropriate engagement point or portion. Regardless, the biased
gripper fingers 90 can be biased towards the axis A of the
acetabular liner 40 such that the acetabular liner inserter 60
engages the acetabular liner 40 for manipulation thereof. Further,
the gripper fingers 90 can allow for manipulation of the acetabular
liner 40 in any appropriate manner such as moving through an
incision formed in soft tissue in an anatomy, as discussed further
herein.
Once the acetabular liner 40 has been appropriately engaged by the
acetabular liner inserter 60, the acetabular liner in inserter 60
can be moved relative to the acetabular cup 10, 10' that has been
positioned relative to an anatomy, such as that described herein.
The alignment portions 96 can engage the alignment portion 24, 24'
on the respective acetabular cup 10, 10'. The alignment member 96
can engage the alignment portions 24, 24' in any appropriate manner
such as a user is able to determine that the acetabular inserter 60
is aligned relative to the acetabular shell 10, 10'. The engagement
can include an audible indication, a touch sensation, or the like
to ensure that a user, such as a surgeon, is able to determine,
generally intraoperatively, that the acetabular liner inserter 60
is at a selected location orientation relative to the acetabular
shell 10, 10'.
As discussed herein, it is generally selected to implant the
acetabular liner 40 into the acetabular shell 10, 10' when the axis
A is substantially aligned with the axis B to ensure an appropriate
interaction of the various taper portions. Therefore, the alignment
member 96 can be designed to engage the alignment portions 24, 24'
when such an alignment is achieved. This can assist a user in
ensuring that the acetabular liner 40 is in a selected orientation
prior to forcing or impacting the acetabular liner 40 into the
acetabular shell 10, 10'. This can reduce the number of trials
necessary to obtain the appropriate orientation of the acetabular
liner 40 relative to the acetabular shell 10, 10'.
Once the alignment fingers 96 have been aligned with a selected
portion of the acetabular shell 10, 10', the acetabular liner 40
can be disengaged from the acetabular liner inserter 60. The end 80
of the shaft 72 can be engaged in a selected manner, such as with a
hand, a tool, or the like to drive the inserter end 76 into the
liner 40. The inserter end 76 can include an end 76', that
substantially mates with the interior 44 of the acetabular liner
40, so that a force produced with the inserter end can be
substantially distributed over the entire surface 44 area.
Therefore, the acetabular liner 40 can be inserted into the shell
without damaging the surface of the acetabular liner 40. The force
of the inserter member 76 pushing against the interior surface 44
of the liner 40 can overcome the biasing force of the spring 92 to
disengage the acetabular liner 40 from the gripping fingers 90.
Therefore, the acetabular liner 40 can be implanted into the
acetabular shell 10, 10' at an appropriate time and after ensuring
that an appropriate alignment has been achieved.
It will be understood that the acetabular liner 40 can be centered
relative to the acetabular shell 10, 10' in any appropriate
procedure. Various procedures may include those described herein or
any other selected procedure. For example, the acetabular liner
inserter can be used during a substantially less or minimally
invasive procedure where an incision is minimized and may be sized
merely to allow instruments and implants to pass through. Because
the acetabular liner inserter 90 includes the alignment members or
portions 96 that allow for a positive feedback when they have
engaged the alignment portions 24, 24' visual inspection of the
alignment of the acetabular liner 40 relative to the acetabular
shell 10, 10' may not be required.
With reference to FIGS. 6-8, a shell inserter assembly 100 is
illustrated. It will be understood that the shell inserter assembly
100 can be interconnected with a handle 102 of any appropriate
configuration. The handle 102 is able to interact with the shell
inserter assembly 100 in an appropriate manner to allow for
operation of the shell inserter assembly 100. The shell inserter
assembly 100 can be used to insert any appropriate shell, such as
the acetabular shell 10. The acetabular shell 10 or any appropriate
acetabular shell, can include appropriate portions to allow for
interaction with the various portions of the shell inserter 100.
Furthermore, the shell can be any appropriate shell and not
necessarily the shell or includes all the portions of the shell
10.
The shell inserter assembly 100 generally includes an upper plate
104, a lower plate 106, a locking or manipulatible finger 108.
Further, the shell inserter assembly 100 can include a retaining
ring or member 120. Further, a dome or plug subassembly 112 can be
provided. The dome 112 generally allows for contact with a selected
portion of the acetabular shell to be inserted to allow for a large
contact surface area to contact the shell for ease of manipulation
and distribution of forces relative to the shell.
The various portions of the assembly 100 can be formed of any
appropriate materials. For example, the top plate 104, the lower
plate 106, the retaining ring 120, and the locking fingers 108 can
be formed of various metals or metal alloys. The dome plug 112,
however, can be formed of various metal alloys which can be formed
of a softer material, such as a polymer, that has a very low
likelihood of damaging any materials, such as the acetabular
shell.
Initially, the shell inserter assembly 100 can be operated with the
handle 102. The acetabular shell can be positioned near the shell
inserter assembly 100 and the handle 102 to be manipulated to
operate the locking fingers 108. As discussed above, the dome plug
112 can frictionally engage a selected portion of the acetabular
shell to allow for movement of the handle 102 without substantially
moving the shell inserter assembly 100. The dome plug 112 can be
held relative to the upper portions of the assembly 100 with a
locking member 114. The locking member 114 can be any appropriate
portion, such as including threads to engage an internally threaded
portion of the upper plate 104. The dome plug 112 can be held
relative to the remaining portions of the shell inserter assembly
100 to allow for a friction engagement between the dome plug 112
and the acetabular shell.
The handle 102, therefore, can be used to rotate the top plate 104
relative to the acetabular shell. The top plate 104 can include
various portions that have been formed into the top plate 104 using
various methodologies, such as generally known machining
techniques, electrical discharge, or the like.
With additional reference to FIG. 8, the top plate 104 can include
an upper or proximal portion 120 and a lower or distal portion 122.
The handle 102 can engage a handle engaging portion 124 of the top
plate 104. The handle engaging portion 124 can be any appropriate
portion such as a bore defined by the top plate 104. The handle
engaging portion 124 generally can include a cross section that
allows for a transfer of torque between the handle 102 and the top
plate 104. This can allow for the top plate 104 to rotate when the
handle 102 is manipulated.
Further, the top plate can have channels or tracks 126, which can
act as cams. The channels 126 can be included in any appropriate
number and four channels are illustrated merely for purposes of the
present discussion. It will be understood that any appropriate
number of the channels 126 can be provided, such as 2, 3, 4, or any
appropriate number.
The channel 126 generally includes a first end 128 and a second end
130. The top plate generally defines a central axis or point 132
about which the channel 126 is formed. The first end of 128 of the
channel 126 can be formed at a first distance M from the central
axis 132. The second end 130 of the channel 126 can be formed at a
second distance N from the central axis 132. The difference between
the first distance M and the second distance N can be any
appropriate amount such as about 0.01 mm to about 10 mm. The
distance, however, allows for movement of the locking fingers 108
when a portion of the locking finger 108 is engaged within the
channel 126.
The locking finger 108 includes a locking or engagement portion 136
that can be rigidly connected to a guiding portion 138. The guiding
portion can be positioned within the channel 126. Thus the top
plate 104 can move relative to the locking finger 108 such that the
guiding portion 138 is moved within the channel 126. In an initial
position, the guiding portion 138 of the locking finger 108 can be
positioned near the first end 128 of the channel 126, generally at
the distance M from the center 132. Therefore, the engaging portion
136 of the locking finger 108, can be positioned at a maximum
distance O from a finger engaging section 140 defined by an
acetabular shell 142, as illustrated in FIG. 9A.
The assembly 100 can be pressure engaged such as by holding the
acetabular shell 142 against the dome plug 112 and the bottom plate
106 such that the dome 112 and the bottom plate 106 are
substantially immobile relative to the acetabular shell 142. Then
the handle 102 can be used to rotate the top plate 104 to move the
top plate 104 that defines the channels 126. If the top plate 104
rotates, the guiding portion 138 of the locking finger 108 moves in
the channel 126 from the first end 128 towards the second end 130.
As discussed above, the second end 130 of the channel 126 is closer
to the central axis 132 of the shell inserter assembly 100 than the
first end 128. Therefore, as the guiding portion 138 moves in the
channel 126 towards the second end 130, the locking finger 108 is
drawn towards the central axis 132 generally in the direction of
arrow P, as illustrated in FIG. 9B. As the locking finger 108 moves
generally in the direction of Arrow P towards the central axis 132,
it is drawn towards the finger engagement portion 140. The finger
engagement portion can be a detent or groove defined by the
acetabular shell 142.
Therefore, the rotation of the top plate 104 can move the top plate
104 to move the guiding portion 138 in the channel 126 to draw the
locking finger 108 towards the central axis 132 of the top plate
104. The rotation of the top plate 104 can be achieved by pressing
the acetabular shell 142 against the dome 112 to form a friction
fit between the acetabular shell 142 and the assembly 100. Thus,
the rotation of the top plate 104 does not rotate the entire
assembly 100. This motion allows for drawing the locking finger 108
towards the acetabular shell 142 to engage a selected portion of
the acetabular shell to substantially hold the acetabular shell
relative to the shell inserter assembly 100.
The bottom plate 106, or any other appropriate portion of the shell
inserter assembly 100, can include various guiding portions. The
guiding portions can assist in moving the locking fingers 108 in a
substantially linear motion relative to the central axis 132 of the
shell inserter assembly 100. The bottom plate 106 can include
various tracks or guiding portions that can hold the locking
fingers 108 substantially with no angular movement relative to the
central axis 132 when the top plate 104 is rotated relative to the
dome plug 112. The bottom plate 106, therefore, can assist in
ensuring that the locking fingers 108 generally move in the
direction of arrow P, and the reverse of arrow P, to hold the
acetabular shell 142 in a selected manner.
To further assist in maintaining a selected interconnection between
the acetabular shell 142 and the shell inserter assembly 100, a
holding assembly or spring 150 can be provided. The holding spring
150 can generally be formed in the top plate 104 using any
appropriate method, such as electro discharge, milling, or the
like. Generally, the holding spring 150 can include a holding head
152 that is resiliently held in the selected position by a
retaining arm 154. The holding head 152 can extend a selected
distance into the channel 126. The distance that the holding head
152 extends into the channel 126 can be any appropriate amount, but
is generally enough to retain the guiding portion 138 in a selected
position until the handle 102 is manipulated with a selected force
to resiliently move the holding head 152 to allow the guiding
portion 138 to move in the channel 126 to disengage the locking
finger 108.
The holding head 152 is generally formed near the second end 130 of
the channel 126. As the top plate 104 is rotated relative to the
acetabular shell 142, the guiding portion 138 moves in the channel
126 towards the holding head 152 and it can engage a portion of the
holding head 152. The engagement of the guiding portion 138 with
the holding head 152 can generally move the holding head 152 to
allow the guiding pin to pass the holding head 152 to move into a
holding position at the second end 130 of the channel 126. The
holding head 152 is then resiliently held in the channel 126 with
the holding arm 154 so that the guiding portion 138 is held
relatively immobile relative to the top plate 104.
This allows the locking finger 108 to be held substantially in the
locked or engaged position, as illustrated in FIG. 9B. The holding
head 152 allows the locking finger 108 to maintain the engaged
position such that a user can manipulate or remove the acetabular
shell 142 relative to a selected position while the shell 142 is
held relative to the inserter in an appropriate configuration.
Therefore, the shell inserter assembly 100 can be used to engage an
acetabular shell, such as the acetabular shell 142, the acetabular
shell 10, 10', or any appropriate acetabular shell. The inserter
100, however, can be used to engage an acetabular shell in any
appropriate manner to allow for manipulation of the shell by use of
the handle 102 for manipulating the inserter 100 while the shell is
engaged with the inserter 100. Further, a user, such as a surgeon,
can be substantially ensured of an orientation of the shell
relative to the shell inserter 100, and therefore, the handle 102
can assist in manipulation and positioning of the shell during a
selected procedure, such as an acetabular replacement
procedure.
Various instruments, according to various embodiments, have been
described above. An exemplary use of the various instruments and
portions can include an acetabular replacement during an operative
procedure. Although it will be understood that the instruments and
portions according to various embodiments can be used for any
appropriate procedure, such as a femoral replacement, an acetabular
replacement, a glenoid replacement or the like, the following is
merely exemplary for understanding an exemplary use of the various
embodiments.
With additional reference to FIGS. 10A-11B, and reference to each
of the preceding figures, an anatomy 200 can be prepared for
implantation of a selected prosthesis. For the present discussion
only, the shell 10', the liner 40, and the instruments 60 and 100
will be discussed. It will be understood that the various
instruments can be used for any appropriate procedure, and the
following discussed procedure is merely exemplary. The anatomy 200
can include a pelvis 202 that defines an acetabulum 204. The
acetabulum 204 can be prepared in any appropriate manner, such as
those generally known in the art. However, after the acetabulum 204
is prepared, the acetabular implant shell 10' can be positioned
relative to the acetabulum 204. Further, a femur 206 can include a
femoral head 208 to articulate with a selected portion, such as the
liner 40 as discussed herein. It will be understood that the
femoral head 208, or any appropriate portion of the femur 206, can
also be resected or replaced with selected prostheses. Therefore,
it will be understood that the presently disclosed and taught
instruments, methods and the like, can be used with any appropriate
other prostheses, such as a femoral prosthetic.
An incision 210 can be formed through soft tissue 212 that can
include the various portions of soft tissue such as muscle, adipose
tissue, dermis, and the like. The incision 210 can include any
appropriate dimension, such as a dimension that allows for selected
visualization of the acetabulum 204 but minimizing the size of the
incision 210. The various instruments, including the liner inserter
60 and the shell inserter 100, such as discussed above, can be used
to perform a selected procedure.
Initially, as discussed above, the acetabulum 204 can be prepared.
At an appropriate time, the shell 10' can be interconnected with
the acetabular shell inserter 100. A method according to various
embodiments for interconnecting the acetabular shell inserter 100
with the acetabular shell 10' are discussed above, and not repeated
here. Nevertheless, the acetabular inserter 100 can be
interconnected with the acetabular shell 10' to allow for
manipulation of the shell 10' relative to the prepared acetabulum
204 without substantial visualization of the acetabulum 204.
With additional reference to FIG. 10B, the acetabular shell
inserter 100 can be used to pass the acetabular shell 10' through
the incision 210 and relative to the prepared acetabulum 204. The
shell inserter 100 can include selected orientation markers that
can be used to orientate the acetabular shell 10' relative to the
acetabulum 204 in any appropriate manner. It will be understood,
according to various embodiments, that the acetabular shell 10' can
be implanted relative to the acetabulum 204 in a plurality of
appropriate orientations. Further, one skilled in the art will
understand that various methods and apparati can be used to orient
the acetabular shell 10' relative to the prepared acetabulum 204 in
a selected manner. Nevertheless, the acetabular shell inserter 100
can be used to hold the acetabular shell 10' to move it relative to
the prepared acetabulum 204 without requiring a plurality of
instruments, a large volume of instrumentation, or the like.
Therefore, the incision 210 can be maintained at a minimal size to
achieve a selected or a minimal invasion during implantation of the
acetabular shell 10'.
With reference to FIG. 11A, once the acetabular shell 10' has been
positioned relative to the prepared acetabulum 204 and the pelvis
202, the liner 40 can be moved relative to the implant of
acetabular shell 10'. As discussed above, the acetabular shell 40
can be interconnected with the liner inserter 60 in an appropriate
manner. Briefly, the retention fingers 90 can engage selected
portions of the acetabular liner 40 to hold it relative to the
liner inserter instrument 60. The locator fingers 96 can
interconnect or engage selected portions, such as the locator
portions 24', of the acetabular shell 10' for obtaining a selected
orientation of the acetabular liner 40 relative to the acetabular
shell 10'. It has been discussed above how the acetabular liner 40
can be interconnected with the acetabular liner inserter 60 and
will not be discussed in further detail here, other than to realize
that the acetabular liner 40 can be interconnected with the
acetabular liner inserter instrument 60 at any appropriate
time.
The acetabular liner 40, once it is interconnected with the liner
inserter instrument 60, can be moved relative to the incision 210
to move the liner 40 relative to the implanted acetabular shell
10'. The liner inserter instrument 60 can allow for manipulation of
the acetabular liner 40 in any appropriate manner to allow for
achieving a selected orientation of the acetabular liner 40
relative to the acetabular shell 10'.
The locator fingers 96 can engage the locator elements 24' in any
appropriate manner. For example, the liner insert instrument 60 can
include the locator fingers 96 that include portions that can
engage the undercut area 32 of the acetabular shell 10'. This
positive engagement can allow a user to determine that the axis end
of the acetabular liner 40 has been appropriately aligned with the
axis end of the acetabular shell 10'. Further, a user can determine
this without positively or actively viewing the interconnection or
position of the liner 40 with the acetabular shell 10'. Because the
acetabular liner 40 is originally connected with the acetabular
liner inserter 60 and the locator fingers 96 are engaged in the
locator portions 24', a user can be assured that the acetabular
liner 40 is aligned with the acetabular shell 10' in an appropriate
manner.
Once the appropriate alignment has been achieved, the engagement
head 80 can be engaged to drive the shaft 72 through the liner
inserter 60 to push the acetabular liner 40 to disengage from the
engaging fingers 90 with the liner pusher portion 76. This can
allow the acetabular liner 40 to be implanted in the acetabular
shell 10' in a selected manner.
Therefore, it will be understood that the acetabular liner 40 can
be positioned relative to the acetabular shell 10' without vast
visualization of the positioning of the two portions. Further, the
acetabular liner inserter 60 can interconnect or engage appropriate
portions of the acetabular shell 10' to achieve a selected
orientation of the acetabular liner 40 with the acetabular shell
10' in a substantially single maneuver. This can reduce trailing
the various positions of the implant such as the liner 40 relative
to the acetabular shell 10' and can allow for a speedier procedure.
It will be understood that the various instruments and implants can
be used to achieve any appropriate procedure and implanting an
acetabular implant is merely exemplary. Further, any appropriate
implant materials can be implanted with the various instruments and
methods taught above. Therefore, a ceramic, metal, polyethylene, or
the like materials are not required and any appropriate materials
can be used to achieve the selected results. Further, the various
instruments can allow for positioning of the selected implant
prostheses relative to a selected portion of the anatomy or each
other with out much visualization or with only a minimal amount of
visualization yet allowing a successful result.
The description of the teachings are merely exemplary in nature
and, thus, variations that do not depart from the gist of the
teachings are intended to be within the scope of the teachings.
Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the
spirit and scope of the teachings.
* * * * *