U.S. patent number 7,566,247 [Application Number 11/821,809] was granted by the patent office on 2009-07-28 for skew controlled leadframe for a contact module assembly.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Tyco Electronics Corporation. Invention is credited to Brent Ryan Rothermel, Alex Michael Sharf.
United States Patent |
7,566,247 |
Rothermel , et al. |
July 28, 2009 |
Skew controlled leadframe for a contact module assembly
Abstract
A leadframe for a contact module assembly includes a terminal
set having first, second and third terminals configured to operate
in one of a signal-signal-ground pattern and a ground-signal-signal
pattern. Each of the terminals have a length that extends between a
mating end and a mounting end, wherein a difference in lengths
between the first terminal and the second terminal is the same as a
difference in lengths between the second terminal and the third
terminal such that the terminal set has the same amount of skew
between the terminals defining signal contacts in both the
signal-signal-ground pattern and the ground-signal-signal
pattern.
Inventors: |
Rothermel; Brent Ryan
(Harrisburg, PA), Sharf; Alex Michael (Harrisburg, PA) |
Assignee: |
Tyco Electronics Corporation
(Middletown, PA)
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Family
ID: |
39712599 |
Appl.
No.: |
11/821,809 |
Filed: |
June 25, 2007 |
Prior Publication Data
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Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
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US 20080316729 A1 |
Dec 25, 2008 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
439/607.05;
439/108 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01R
13/6587 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H01R
13/648 (20060101) |
Field of
Search: |
;439/608,108,101,79 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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1 732 176 |
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Dec 2006 |
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EP |
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WO 2006/029670 |
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Mar 2006 |
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WO |
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Other References
International Search Report, International Application No.
PCT/US2008/007641, International Filing Date Jun. 19, 2008. cited
by other.
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Primary Examiner: Paumen; Gary F.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A leadframe for a contact module assembly, the leadframe
comprising: a terminal set having first, second and third terminals
configured to operate in one of a signal-signal-ground pattern and
a ground-signal-signal pattern, each of the terminals have a length
that extends between a mating end and a mounting end, wherein a
difference in the lengths between the first terminal and the second
terminal is the same as a difference in the lengths between the
second terminal and the third terminal such that the terminal set
has the same amount of skew between the terminals defining signal
contacts in both the signal-signal-ground pattern and the
ground-signal-signal pattern.
2. The leadframe of claim 1, wherein the first terminal has a first
length between the ends, the second terminal has a second length
between the ends shorter than the first length, and the third
terminal has a third length between the ends shorter than the
second length.
3. The leadframe of claim 2, wherein each of the terminals have a
transition section defined between a first plane extending
perpendicularly through each of the terminals in the terminal set
and a second plane extending perpendicularly through each of the
terminals in the terminal set, wherein the transition section of
the first terminal has a first transition length, the transition
section of the second terminal has a second transition length that
is longer than the first transition length by a first amount, and
the transition section of the third terminal has a third transition
length that is longer than the second transition length by a second
amount that is the same as the first amount such that the skew
between the first and second terminals is reduced by the same
amount as the skew between the second and third terminals within
the transition section.
4. The leadframe of claim 1, wherein each of the terminals includes
a first transition portion and a second transition portion, the
terminals have predetermined lengths along the second transition
portions that create predetermined amounts of skew between adjacent
ones of the terminals, wherein the first transition portions each
have different lengths such that the skew between the signal
terminals is reduced by an amount when the leadframe is configured
in the signal-signal-ground pattern and the skew between the signal
terminals is reduced by the same amount when the leadframe is
configured in the ground-signal-signal pattern.
5. The leadframe of claim 1, wherein each of the first, second and
third terminals includes a first transition portion and a second
transition portion, wherein the second transition portions have
respectively shorter lengths, wherein the first transition portion
of the second terminal is longer than the first transition portion
of the first terminal by a first amount, and wherein the first
transition portion of the third terminal is longer than the first
transition portion of the first terminal by a second amount that is
approximately twice the first amount.
6. The leadframe of claim 1, wherein each of the first, second and
third terminals includes a first transition portion and a second
transition portion, wherein the second transition portions have
respectively shorter lengths, and wherein the first transition
portions of the first and second terminals reduce the skew by the
same amount as the first transition portions of the second and
third terminals.
7. The leadframe of claim 1, wherein each of the terminals includes
a first transition portion and a second transition portion, wherein
the first transition portion of each terminal includes a mating
contact end and a second transition portion end, the mating contact
ends of adjacent ones of the terminals are arranged generally
parallel to one another and are spaced apart from one another by a
first pitch and the second transition portion ends of adjacent ones
of the terminals are arranged generally parallel to one another and
are spaced apart from one another by a second pitch that is less
than the first pitch.
8. The leadframe of claim 1, further comprising a mating contact
extending from the mating end and a mounting contact extending from
the mounting end, wherein the mating and mounting contacts are
non-parallel to one another.
9. A contact module assembly comprising: a leadframe having
multiple terminal sets, wherein each terminal set has first, second
and third terminals configured to operate in one of a
signal-signal-ground pattern and a ground-signal-signal pattern,
each of the terminals have a length that extends between a mating
end and a mounting end, wherein a difference in the lengths between
the first terminal and the second terminal is the same as a
difference in the lengths between the second terminal and the third
terminal such that the terminal set has the same amount of skew
between the terminals defining signal contacts in both the
signal-signal-ground pattern and the ground-signal-signal pattern,
and a dielectric body surrounding at least a portion of the
leadframe, the leadframe and the dielectric body having a mating
edge portion and a mounting edge portion, wherein a portion of each
of the terminals is exposed from the dielectric body.
10. The contact module assembly of claim 9, wherein the first
terminal has a first length between the ends, the second terminal
has a second length between the ends shorter than the first length,
and the third terminal has a third length between the ends shorter
than the second length.
11. The contact module assembly of claim 9, wherein each of the
terminals have a transition section defined between a first plane
extending perpendicularly through each of the terminals in the
terminal set and a second plane extending perpendicularly through
each of the terminals in the terminal set wherein the transition
section of the first terminal has a first transition length, the
second terminal has a second transition length that is longer than
the first transition length by a first amount, and the third
terminal has a third transition length that is longer than the
second transition length by a second amount that is the same as the
first amount such that the skew between the first and second
terminals is reduced by the same amount as the skew between the
second and third terminals within the transition section.
12. A leadframe for a contact module assembly, the leadframe
comprising: a plurality of terminals each having a mating contact,
a mounting contact and an intermediate section extending
therebetween, the intermediate section of each terminal includes a
first transition portion proximate the mating contact and a second
transition portion proximate the mounting contact, wherein the
second transition portions of adjacent ones of the terminals have
different lengths such that a predetermined amount of skew is
created between adjacent ones of the terminals, and wherein the
first transition portions of adjacent ones of the terminals have
different lengths selected to reduce the amount of skew between the
adjacent ones of the terminals by equal amounts.
13. The leadframe of claim 12, wherein the plurality of terminals
includes a terminal set having a ground terminal and two signal
carrying differential pair signals, the terminals within the
terminal set being configurable into a first pattern of ground and
signal terminals and a second pattern of ground and signal
terminals that is different from the first pattern such that the
leadframe is selectively programmable with either one of the first
and second patterns.
14. The leadframe of claim 12, wherein the plurality of terminals
includes a terminal set having a ground terminal and two signal
terminals carrying differential pair signals, the terminals within
the terminal set being configurable into a first pattern of ground
and signal terminals and a second pattern of ground and signal
terminals that is different from the first pattern, and wherein the
skew between the signal contacts is reduced within the first
transition portions by the same amount in the first pattern and in
the second pattern.
15. The leadframe of claim 12, wherein the plurality of terminals
includes a terminal set having first, second and third terminals
having second transition portions with respectively shorter
lengths, wherein the first transition portion of the second
terminal is longer than the first transition portion of the first
terminal by a first amount, and wherein the first transition
portion of the third terminal is longer than the first transition
portion of the first terminal by a second amount that is
approximately twice the first amount.
16. The leadframe of claim 12, wherein the plurality of terminals
includes a terminal set having first, second and third terminals
having second transition portions with respectively shorter
lengths, wherein the first transition portions of the first and
second terminals reduce the skew by the same amount as the first
transition portions of the second and third terminals.
17. The leadframe of claim 12, wherein the first transition portion
of each terminal includes a mating contact end and a second
transition portion end, the ends of adjacent ones of the terminals
are arranged generally parallel to one another and spaced apart
from one another by a predetermined pitch, wherein the pitch at the
mating contact end is larger than the pitch at the second
transition portion end.
18. The leadframe of claim 17, wherein the pitch at the mating
contact end is the same for each of the terminals, and wherein the
pitch at the second transition portion end is the same for each of
the terminals.
19. The leadframe of claim 12, further comprising a commoning
member configured to be directly electrically connected to
corresponding ones of the terminals within the terminal sets such
that electrical connection between the commoning member and the
corresponding terminals configures the leadframe with a
predetermined grounding pattern.
20. The leadframe of claim 12, further comprising a dielectric body
surrounding at least a portion of the terminals, the dielectric
body having a mating edge portion and a mounting edge portion that
are non-parallel with one another.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates generally to contact module assemblies, and
more particularly, to reduced skew leadframes for contact module
assemblies.
With the ongoing trend toward smaller, faster, and higher
performance electrical components such as processors used in
computers, routers, switches, etc., it has become increasingly
important for the electrical interfaces along the electrical paths
to also operate at higher frequencies and at higher densities with
increased throughput.
In a traditional approach for interconnecting circuit boards, one
circuit board serves as a back plane and the other as a daughter
board. The back plane typically has a connector, commonly referred
to as a header, which includes a plurality of signal contacts which
connect to conductive traces on the back plane. The daughter board
connector, commonly referred to as a receptacle, also includes a
plurality of contacts. Typically, the receptacle is a right angle
connector that interconnects the back plane with the daughter board
so that signals can be routed therebetween. The right angle
connector typically includes a mating face that receives the
plurality of signal pins from the header on the back plane, and
contacts on a mounting face that connect to the daughter board.
At least some right angle connectors include a plurality of contact
modules that are received in a housing. The contact modules
typically include a leadframe encased in a dielectric body. The
leadframe includes a plurality of terminals that interconnect
electrical contacts held on a mating edge of the contact module
with corresponding contacts held on a mounting edge of the contact
module. Different contact modules of the same connector sometimes
have different patterns, sometimes referred to as wiring patterns,
of the terminals and/or the mating and mounting edge contacts. For
example, adjacent contact modules within the housing may have
different patterns of signal, power, and/or ground terminals and/or
contacts to enhance the electrical performance of the connector by
reducing crosstalk between the adjacent contact modules. However,
different leadframes must be designed and manufactured for each of
the contact modules having different terminal and/or contact
patterns, which may increase the difficulty and/or cost of
manufacturing the connector.
Another problem associated with known right angle contact modules
is that the terminals have different lengths between the
corresponding contacts. The different lengths of the terminals,
particularly with respect to terminals carrying differential
signals, provide two different path lengths for the signals. When
the differential signals are transmitted along different path
lengths, the signal is degraded, also referred to as skew. Signal
skew results from a difference in the time that a pair of identical
signals takes to get from the mating edge to the mounting edge of
the contact module. Skew is typically the result of different
electrical lengths, which in turn are the result of different
physical lengths of terminals. At least some known contact modules
have addressed the skew problem by physically lengthening the
shorter terminal of the pair of terminals carrying the differential
signals. However, due to the size of the contact assemblies, it is
difficult and costly to exactly match the lengths of each of the
terminals. As such, skew remains a problem in many contact modules
today.
There is a need for a lower cost electrical connector that
addressees the skew problem with known contact modules.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In one aspect, a leadframe is provided for a contact module
assembly, wherein the leadframe includes a terminal set having
first, second and third terminals configured to operate in one of a
signal-signal-ground pattern and a ground-signal-signal pattern.
Each of the terminals have a length that extends between a mating
end and a mounting end, wherein a difference in the lengths between
the first terminal and the second terminal is the same as a
difference in the lengths between the second terminal and the third
terminal such that the terminal set has the same amount of skew
between the terminals defining signal contacts in both the
signal-signal-ground pattern and the ground-signal-signal
pattern.
Optionally, the first terminal may have a first length between the
ends, the second terminal may have a second length between the ends
shorter than the first length, and the third terminal may have a
third length between the ends shorter than the second length. Each
of the terminals may have a transition section defined between a
first plane extending perpendicularly through each of the terminals
in the terminal set and a second plane extending perpendicularly
through each of the terminals in the terminal set. The transition
section of the first terminal may have a first transition length,
the transition section of the second terminal may have a second
transition length that is longer than the first transition length
by a first amount, and the transition section of the third terminal
may have a third transition length that is longer than the second
transition length by a second amount that is the same as the first
amount such that the skew between the first and second terminals is
reduced by the same amount as the skew between the second and third
terminals within the transition section. Optionally, the terminals
may have predetermined lengths along the second transition portions
that create predetermined amounts of skew between adjacent ones of
the terminals, wherein the first transition portions each have
different lengths such that the skew between the signal terminals
is reduced by an amount when the leadframe is configured in the
signal-signal-ground pattern and the skew between the signal
terminals is reduced by the same amount when the leadframe is
configured in the ground-signal-signal pattern. Optionally, the
first transition portions of the first and second terminals may
reduce the skew by the same amount as the first transition portions
of the second and third terminals.
In another aspect, a contact module assembly is provided that
includes a leadframe having multiple terminal sets, wherein each
terminal set has first, second and third terminals configured to
operate in one of a signal-signal-ground pattern and a
ground-signal-signal pattern. Each of the terminals have a length
that extends between a mating end and a mounting end, wherein a
difference in lengths between the first terminal and the second
terminal is the same as a difference in lengths between the second
terminal and the third terminal such that the terminal set has the
same amount of skew between the terminals defining signal contacts
in both the signal-signal-ground pattern and the
ground-signal-signal pattern. The contact module assembly also
includes a dielectric body surrounding at least a portion of the
leadframe. The leadframe and dielectric body have a mating edge
portion and a mounting edge portion, wherein a portion of each of
the terminals is exposed from the dielectric body.
In a further aspect, a leadframe for a contact module assembly is
provided, wherein the leadframe includes a plurality of terminals
each having a mating contact, a mounting contact and an
intermediate section extending therebetween. The intermediate
section of each terminal includes a first transition portion
proximate the mating contact and a second transition portion
proximate the mounting contact. The second transition portions of
adjacent ones of the terminals have different lengths such that a
predetermined amount of skew is created between adjacent ones of
the terminals. The first transition portions of adjacent ones of
the terminals have different lengths selected to reduce the amount
of skew between the adjacent ones of the terminals by equal
amounts.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of an
electrical connector.
FIG. 2 is a rear perspective view of an exemplary housing of the
electrical connector shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a side view of an exemplary embodiment of a contact
module that may be used with the electrical connector shown in FIG.
1.
FIG. 4 is a side view of an exemplary embodiment of a leadframe for
the contact module shown in FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 is a side view of a portion of an alternative leadframe
similar to the leadframe shown in FIG. 4.
FIG. 6 is a side view of the leadframe shown in FIG. 5 having a
different pattern of terminals.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a
commoning member that may be used with the contact module shown in
FIG. 3.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the commoning member shown in FIG.
7 mounted on the contact module shown in FIG. 3.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an electrical
connector 10. While the connector 10 will be described with
particular reference to a receptacle connector, it is to be
understood that the benefits herein described are also applicable
to other connectors in alternative embodiments. The following
description is therefore provided for purposes of illustration,
rather than limitation, and is but one potential application of the
inventive concepts herein.
The connector 10 includes a dielectric housing 12 having a forward
mating end 14 that includes a shroud 16 and a mating face 18. The
mating face 18 includes a plurality of mating contacts 20 (shown in
FIGS. 3 and 4), such as, for example, contacts within contact
cavities 22, that are configured to receive corresponding mating
contacts (not shown) from a mating connector (not shown). The
shroud 16 includes an upper surface 26 and a lower surface 28
between opposed sides 30, 32. The upper and lower surfaces 26 and
28, respectively, each include a chamfered forward edge portion 34.
An alignment rib 36 is formed on the upper shroud surface 26 and
lower shroud surface 28. The chamfered edge portion 34 and the
alignment ribs 36 cooperate to bring the connector 10 into
alignment with the mating connector during the mating process so
that the contacts in the mating connector are received in the
contact cavities 22 without damage.
The housing 12 also includes a rearwardly extending hood 38. A
plurality of contact module assemblies 50 are received in the
housing 12 from a rearward end 52. The contact module assemblies 50
define a connector mounting face 54. The connector mounting face 54
includes a plurality of contacts 56, such as, but not limited to,
pin contacts, or more particularly, eye-of-the-needle-type
contacts, that are configured to be mounted to a substrate (not
shown), such as, but not limited to, a circuit board. In an
exemplary embodiment, the mounting face 54 is substantially
perpendicular to the mating face 18 such that the connector 10
interconnects electrical components that are substantially at a
right angle to one another. In one embodiment, the housing 12 holds
two or more different types of contact module assemblies 50, such
as, but not limited to, contact module assemblies 50A, 50B.
Alternatively, the housing 12 may hold only a single type of
contact module assembly 50, such as, but not limited to, any of the
contact module assemblies 50A, 50B.
FIG. 2 illustrates a rear perspective view of the housing 12. The
housing 12 includes a plurality of dividing walls 64 that define a
plurality of chambers 66. The chambers 66 receive a forward portion
of the contact module assemblies 50 (FIG. 1). A plurality of slots
68 are formed in the hood 38. The chambers 66 and slots 68
cooperate to stabilize the contact module assemblies 50 when the
contact module assemblies 50 are loaded into the housing 12. In an
exemplary embodiment, the chambers 66 each have about an equal
width and the slots 68 each have about an equal width. However,
some or all of the chambers 66, and/or some or all of the slots 68,
may different widths for accommodating differently sized contact
module assemblies 50. The chambers 66 and slots 68 may optionally
extend substantially an entire length of the contact module
assemblies 50 such that the chamber walls separate adjacent contact
module assemblies 50.
FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of one of the contact
modules 50 that includes an exemplary embodiment of an internal
leadframe 100, shown in phantom outline, and a dielectric body 102.
FIG. 4 illustrates the leadframe 100 that is held within the
contact module 50. The leadframe 100 includes a plurality of
terminals 116 enclosed within the body 102. The mating contacts 20
extend from a mating edge portion 104 of the body 102 and the
leadframe 100, and the mounting contacts 56 extend from a mounting
edge portion 106 of the body 102 and the leadframe 100. The mating
edge portion 104 and the mounting edge portion 106 generally meet
at an intersection area 105 proximate a lower-front portion of the
contact module 50. In an exemplary embodiment, the mounting edge
portion 106 intersects with a rearward facing end wall 107
proximate the mating edge portion 104. Alternatively, the mating
edge portion 104 may intersect the mounting edge 106. The mating
contacts 20 are positioned successively upward from the
intersection area 105, while the mounting contacts are positioned
successively rearward from the intersection area 105, however,
alternative orientations are possible in alternative embodiments.
In the illustrated embodiment, a mating contact 20A defines a
radially inner mating contact, while a mating contact 20B defines a
radially outer mating contact. Similarly, a mounting contact 56A
defines a radially inner mounting contact, while a mounting contact
56B defines a radially outer mounting contact.
The body 102 includes opposite side portions 108 and 110 that
extend substantially parallel to and along the leadframe 100. In
some embodiments, the body 102 is manufactured using an
over-molding process. During the molding process, the leadframe 100
is encased in a dielectric material, which forms the body 102. As
illustrated in FIG. 4, prior to over-molding, the leadframe 100 is
preferably stabilized by an integral carrier strip 121 which is
removed and discarded after the over-molding process that creates
the body 102. In an exemplary embodiment, the mating and mounting
edge portions 104 and 106, respectively, extend substantially
perpendicular to each other. However, the mating and mounting edge
portions 104 and 106, respectively, may extend any direction
relative to each other, such as, but not limited to, substantially
parallel.
The leadframe 100 includes the plurality of terminals 116 that
extend along predetermined paths to electrically connect each
mating contact 20 to a corresponding mounting contact 56. The
terminals 116 include the mating and mounting contacts 20 and 56,
respectively, and an intermediate section 118, which extends
between the mating and mounting contacts 20 and 56, respectively.
In some embodiments, the intermediate section 118 extends obliquely
between the mating and mounting contacts 20 and 56, respectively.
For example, in an exemplary embodiment, the intermediate section
118 extends at approximately a forty-five degree angle between the
mating and mounting contacts 20 and 56, respectively. The terminals
116 may be either signal terminals, ground terminals, or power
terminals. The leadframe 100 may include any number of terminals
116, any number of which may be selected as signal terminals,
ground terminals, or power terminals according the desired pinout
selected for the contact module 50. Optionally, adjacent signal
terminals may function as differential pairs, and each differential
pair may be separated by a ground terminal.
In an exemplary embodiment, such as illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4,
each of the terminals 116 includes a necked-down portion 120 that
may be engaged to a commoning member 124 (shown in FIG. 7), as will
be described in more detail below. Optionally, select ones of the
terminals 116 are engaged to the commoning member 124 to
selectively interconnect those terminals 116. The dielectric body
102 includes a plurality of openings 126 that each exposes the
necked-down portion 120 of a corresponding one of the terminals
116. Portions of the commoning member 124, such as tabs, may extend
into the openings 126 to engage the terminals 116. Alternative
configurations are possible that enable the terminals 116 to
directly physically engage and electrically connect to the
commoning member 124. For example, the terminals 116 may include
openings therein for receiving portions of the commoning member
124.
FIG. 5 is a side view of an alternative leadframe 100 similar to
the leadframe 100 shown in FIG. 4, and includes like elements
having like reference numerals. The leadframe illustrates the
intermediate sections 118 of the terminals 116. As described above,
the intermediate sections 118 extend between the mating contacts 20
(shown in FIG. 4) and the mounting contacts 56 (shown in FIG. 4).
The intermediate sections 118 each include a first transition
section 140 and a second transition section 142. Additional
transition sections may also be provided.
The first transition section 140 generally extends between the
mating contact 20 and the second transition section 142. The first
transition section 140 includes a mating contact end 144 and a
second transition section end 146. Similarly, the second transition
section 142 generally extends between the mounting contact 58 and
the first transition section 140. The second transition section 140
includes a mounting contact end 148 and a first transition section
end 150.
In an exemplary embodiment, the terminals 116 are arranged in
terminal sets, such as the terminal sets TS.sub.1-TS.sub.5. The
terminal sets TS.sub.1-TS.sub.5 each include three terminals,
namely a first or outer terminal, a second or middle terminal, and
a third or inner terminal, numbered T.sub.1-T.sub.3, respectively.
Each of the terminal sets include signal terminals, ground
terminals, or power terminals arranged in patterns. For example, in
the illustrated embodiment, the terminal sets TS.sub.1-TS.sub.5 are
arranged in a first pattern of ground and signal terminals. When
viewed from the outer terminal T.sub.1 to the inner terminal
T.sub.3, the terminals 116 are arranged as signal, signal and
ground terminals, respectively. Such a pattern is referred to
hereinafter as a signal-signal-ground pattern. Other patterns are
possible in alternative embodiments. For example, the terminal sets
may include more than three terminals, such as four terminals,
arranged in one of a signal-signal-ground-ground, a
ground-signal-signal-ground, a ground-ground-signal-signal and a
ground-signal-ground-signal pattern. The terminal sets may include
more terminals in alternative embodiments, and adjacent terminal
sets may include different numbers of terminals therein in
alternative embodiments. Optionally, only one terminal set may be
provided.
FIG. 6 illustrates the same intermediate sections 118 of the
leadframe 100 arranged in a second, different pattern. The terminal
sets TS.sub.1-TS.sub.5 are arranged in a second pattern of ground
and signal terminals. When viewed from the outer terminal T.sub.1
to the inner terminal T.sub.3, the terminals 116 are arranged as
ground, signal, and signal terminals, respectively. Such a pattern
is referred to hereinafter as a ground-signal-signal pattern. As
shown with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6, the leadframe 100 may be
used in two different pinouts when mated with contacts of mating
connectors by providing multiple terminal patterns. Additionally,
the terminals 116 may be arranged in more than two patterns,
depending on the pinouts of the mating connectors.
Returning to FIG. 5, the terminals 116 within the terminal sets
TS.sub.1-TS.sub.5 have different lengths. When referring to the
length of the terminal 116, the length may define either the
physical length of the terminal or the electrical length of the
terminal. The electrical length is determined based on factors such
as the physical length, the dielectric, the material of the
terminal, and the like. The length relates to the amount of skew in
that a signal requires more time to travel along a longer terminal
than a shorter terminal. In the illustrated embodiment, referring
to the physical length of the terminals 116, each of the first
transition portions 140 may have a first transition length 152 and
each of the second transition portions 142 may have a second
transition length 154. The first transition length 152 is less than
the second transition length 154. Optionally, the first transition
length 152 may be substantially less than the second transition
length 154. A section length of each intermediate section is the
sum of the lengths 152, 154. Generally, the section lengths of
inner ones of the terminal sets (e.g. ones closer to the
intersection area 105) are shorter than outer ones of the terminal
sets (e.g. ones further from the intersection area 105). The
section lengths of terminals 116 within a given terminal set are
approximately the same to reduce skew created between the terminals
116 within the terminal set. However, the section lengths may not
be exactly equal due to physical size constraints of the body
section 102 (shown in FIG. 3), but may be within an acceptable
tolerance.
In the illustrated embodiment, referring specifically to the
outermost terminal set TS.sub.1, the second transition portion 142
of the outer terminal T.sub.1 has a first length 156 between the
ends 148, 150, the second transition portion 142 of the middle
terminal T.sub.2 has a second length 158 between the ends 148, 150
shorter than the first length 156, and the second transition
portion 142 of the inner terminal T.sub.3 has a third length 160
between the ends 148, 150 shorter than the second length 158.
Optionally, the difference between the lengths 156 and 158 (outer
and middle) may be approximately the same as the difference between
the lengths 158 and 160 (middle and inner). The difference between
the lengths 156 and 158 (between the two signal terminals within
the terminal set TS.sub.1) corresponds to a predetermined amount of
skew potentially created within the second transition portion 142.
Similarly, referring to FIG. 6, the difference between the lengths
158 and 160 (between the two signal terminals within the terminal
set TS.sub.1) corresponds to a predetermined amount of skew
potentially created within the second transition portion 142.
The first transition portion 140 of the outer terminal T.sub.1 has
a first length 162 between the ends 144, 146, the first transition
portion 140 of the middle terminal T.sub.2 has a second length 164
between the ends 144, 146 longer than the first length 162, and the
first transition portion 140 of the inner terminal T.sub.3 has a
third length 166 between the ends 144, 146 longer than the second
length 164. As such, the inner terminal T.sub.3, which has the
shortest overall section length, has the longest first section
portion 140 to make up for the shorter overall length. The
difference between the lengths 162, 164 (between the two signal
terminals within the terminal set TS.sub.1) corresponds to a
predetermined amount of skew potentially created within the first
transition portion 140. However, the skew potentially created
within the first transition portion 140 is generally opposite to,
and attempts to compensate for, the skew potentially created within
the second transition portion 142. As such, the total amount of
skew between the signal terminals of the terminal set TS.sub.1
having the signal-signal-ground pattern is reduced by lengthening
the middle terminal T.sub.2.
Similarly, referring to FIG. 6, the middle terminal T.sub.2, which
has a shorter overall section length than the outer terminal
T.sub.1, has a longer first section portion 140 to make up for the
shorter overall section length of the middle terminal T.sub.2 as
compared to the outer terminal T.sub.1. The difference between the
lengths 164, 166 (between the two signal terminals within the
terminal set TS.sub.1) corresponds to a predetermined amount of
skew potentially created within the first transition portion 140.
However, the skew potentially created between the middle terminal
T.sub.2 as compared to the inner terminal T.sub.3 within the first
transition portion 140 is generally opposite to, and attempts to
compensate for, the skew potentially created within the second
transition portion 142. As such, the total amount of skew between
the signal terminals of the terminal set TS.sub.1 having the
ground-signal-signal pattern is reduced by lengthening the inner
terminal T.sub.3.
In an exemplary embodiment, the lengths 162, 164 and 166 of the
first transition portions 140 of the terminals 116 are selected
such that the difference between the lengths 162, 164 of the outer
terminal T.sub.1 and the middle terminal T.sub.2 are substantially
the same as the difference between the lengths 164, 166 of the
middle terminal T.sub.2 and the inner terminal T.sub.3. As such,
the terminal set TS.sub.1 has substantially the same amount of skew
reduction created within the first transition portions 140 between
the terminals 116 defining the signal contacts independent of the
pinout or pattern. For example, the skew reduction created within
the first transition portions 140 between the signal terminals
T.sub.1 and T.sub.2 in the signal-signal-ground pattern is
substantially the same as the skew reduction created within the
first transition portions 140 between the signal terminals T.sub.2
and T.sub.3 in the ground-signal-signal pattern. Thus, the
leadframe 100 may be used independent of the pinout and have
substantially the same electrical performance and
characteristics.
Optionally, the first transition portion 140 of the middle terminal
T.sub.2 may be longer than the first transition portion 140 of the
outer terminal T.sub.1 by a first amount, and the first transition
portion 140 of the third terminal T.sub.3 may be longer than the
first transition portion 140 of the first terminal T.sub.1 by a
second amount that is approximately twice the first amount. The
lengths 162, 164 and 166 of the first transition portions 140 of
the terminals 116 may be selected such that the difference between
the overall section lengths of the outer terminal T.sub.1 and the
middle terminal T.sub.2 is approximately zero and the difference
between the overall section lengths of the middle terminal T.sub.2
and the inner terminal T.sub.3 is approximately zero. As such, the
overall skew may be substantially eliminated.
In an exemplary embodiment, the first transition portions 140 are
also used to control a pitch between each of the terminals 116
within a given terminal set (e.g. TS.sub.1) and/or to control the
pitch between each of the terminals within all of the terminal sets
(e.g. TS.sub.1-TS.sub.5). Again, with reference to the first
terminal set TS.sub.1, the mating contact ends 144 extend along a
common plane extending perpendicularly with respect to the
terminals 116 at the mating contact ends 144. The terminals 116 are
each spaced apart from one another by a predetermined first pitch
170 at the mating contact ends 144. Similarly, the second
transition portion ends 146 of each terminal 116 within a terminal
set extend along a common plane extending perpendicularly with
respect to the terminals 116 at the second transition portion ends
146. The terminals 116 are each spaced apart from one another by a
predetermined second pitch 172 at the second transition portion
ends 146. The second pitch 172 is less than the first pitch 170.
Optionally, the terminals may substantially maintain the second
pitch 172 along the second transition portion 142. Optionally, each
of the terminals 116 within all of the terminal sets may have
substantially the same first pitch 170 and/or substantially the
same second pitch 172. The change in pitch may be accomplished by
changing the length of the terminals 116 within the first
transition portions 140.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of the
commoning member 124. FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the commoning
member 124 mounted on the contact module 50. The commoning member
124 may be fabricated in a similar manner and may be used in a
similar manner as the commoning member described and illustrated in
the co-pending U.S. Patent Application titled "ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR
WITH PROGRAMMABLE LEAD FRAME", the disclosure of which is
incorporated by reference herein.
The commoning member 124 includes a body 232 having opposite side
portions 234 and 236, which extends parallel to the leadframe 100
(shown in FIG. 4) when the commoning member 124 is mounted on the
contact module 50. The commoning member 124 also includes a
plurality of the electrically conductive tabs 222 extending
outwardly on the side portion 234. In the exemplary embodiment of
FIG. 7, the tabs 222 are each insulation displacement contacts
(IDCs) that include a forked portion 240 that defines an opening
242.
When the commoning member 124 is mounted on the contact module, the
necked-down portion 120 (FIGS. 3 and 4) of the corresponding
terminal 116 (FIGS. 3 and 4) is received within the opening 242 and
engages the forked portion 240 of each tab 222 to directly
physically engage and electrically connect the tab 222 to the
corresponding terminal 116. However, the tabs 222 may each be any
suitable type of electrical contact. The commoning member 124 may
have any number of the tabs 222, and the tabs 222 may have any
suitable relative arrangement and/or pattern on the commoning
member 124 that configures the leadframe 100 with the desired
pattern of commoned terminals 116. For example, the tabs 222 may be
configured to engage all or at least a sub-set of the terminals 116
that define ground terminals, such that each of the ground
terminals may be electrically commoned. Additionally, different
commoning members 124 may be used, depending on the pinout pattern
of the contact module 50. For example, a first commoning member
124, having a particular pattern of tabs 222, is used with a
signal-signal-ground pattern and a second commoning member 124,
having a different pattern of tabs 222, is used with a
ground-signal-signal pattern.
The contact module and leadframe embodiments described and/or
illustrated herein provide contact modules having a leadframe
structure that may be selectively programmable with a plurality of
different wiring patterns. Specifically, each of the leadframe
terminals 116 is selectively configurable as a signal terminal, a
ground terminal, or a power terminal. The leadframe 100 is designed
to control the skew between adjacent signal terminals carrying
differential pair signals. For example, within each terminal set
(e.g. a single ground terminal and two signal terminals), the skew
between adjacent ones of the terminals are controlled within the
first transition portion 140 to make up for the skew created within
the second transition portion 142. The lengths of the first
transition portions 140 are controlled such that the amount of skew
between each of the terminals within a terminal set is reduced by
substantially the same amount independent of the pattern. For
example, the skew between the signal contacts in the
signal-signal-ground pattern is the same as the skew between the
signal contacts in the ground-signal-signal pattern. Thus, the
leadframe 100, by specifically controlling lengths of the terminals
within the first transition portion, is adapted for compensating
for intra-set skew, or skew within a given terminal set. In an
exemplary embodiment, the leadframe 100, within the first
transition portions, reduces the skew by an equal amount, in that
the skew is reduced by substantially the same amount within an
acceptable tolerance. The leadframe 100 may be used independent of
the pinout and has the same electrical performance and
characteristics within different pinouts. Optionally, commoning
members 124 may be used to interconnect certain ones of the
terminals 116 depending on the pattern.
It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be
illustrative, and not restrictive. For example, the above-described
embodiments (and/or aspects thereof) may be used in combination
with each other. In addition, many modifications may be made to
adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the
invention without departing from its scope. Dimensions, types of
materials, orientations of the various components, and the number
and positions of the various components described herein are
intended to define parameters of certain embodiments, and are by no
means limiting and are merely exemplary embodiments. Many other
embodiments and modifications within the spirit and scope of the
claims will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reviewing
the above description. The scope of the invention should,
therefore, be determined with reference to the appended claims,
along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are
entitled. In the appended claims, the terms "including" and "in
which" are used as the plain-English equivalents of the respective
terms "comprising" and "wherein." Moreover, in the following
claims, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc. are used
merely as labels, and are not intended to impose numerical
requirements on their objects. Further, the limitations of the
following claims are not written in means-plus-function format and
are not intended to be interpreted based on 35 U.S.C. .sctn. 112,
sixth paragraph, unless and until such claim limitations expressly
use the phrase "means for" followed by a statement of function void
of further structure.
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