U.S. patent number 7,481,924 [Application Number 10/563,904] was granted by the patent office on 2009-01-27 for cooling medium flow passage.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Kankyokiki Corporation. Invention is credited to Masaaki Kinoshita, Kazumi Takahashi.
United States Patent |
7,481,924 |
Takahashi , et al. |
January 27, 2009 |
Cooling medium flow passage
Abstract
The present invention provides a cooling medium flow path for
improving cooling efficiency of a cooling medium used for
liquid-cooling systems for motors, radiators and the like. The
cooling medium flow path according to the present invention is
capable of increasing cooling efficiency of a cooling medium by
providing magnetic members for generating a magnetic force in a
direction substantially perpendicular to the flow direction of the
cooling medium so that clusters of a liquid, such as cooling water,
antifreeze liquid or the like flowing through the flow path may be
finely divided or activated.
Inventors: |
Takahashi; Kazumi (Hokkaido,
JP), Kinoshita; Masaaki (Hokkaido, JP) |
Assignee: |
Kankyokiki Corporation
(Hokkaido, JP)
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Family
ID: |
34067334 |
Appl.
No.: |
10/563,904 |
Filed: |
June 24, 2004 |
PCT
Filed: |
June 24, 2004 |
PCT No.: |
PCT/JP2004/008894 |
371(c)(1),(2),(4) Date: |
January 06, 2006 |
PCT
Pub. No.: |
WO2005/005324 |
PCT
Pub. Date: |
January 20, 2005 |
Prior Publication Data
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Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
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US 20070020109 A1 |
Jan 25, 2007 |
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Foreign Application Priority Data
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Jul 10, 2003 [JP] |
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2003-195290 |
Feb 24, 2004 [JP] |
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2004-047549 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
210/222; 204/155;
310/54; 422/186.01 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C02F
1/481 (20130101); F01P 9/00 (20130101); F01P
11/06 (20130101); H02K 9/26 (20130101); B29C
49/66 (20130101); F01P 11/04 (20130101); F01P
2003/001 (20130101); Y10T 137/206 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
C02F
1/48 (20060101); B01J 19/08 (20060101); H02K
9/19 (20060101); B03C 1/30 (20060101); B03C
1/32 (20060101) |
Field of
Search: |
;210/222,695 ;310/54
;422/186.01 ;204/155 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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1 359 126 |
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Nov 2003 |
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EP |
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2-131186 |
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May 1990 |
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JP |
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2-131186 |
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May 1990 |
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JP |
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2-290289 |
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Nov 1990 |
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JP |
|
05-293491 |
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Nov 1993 |
|
JP |
|
7-204655 |
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Aug 1995 |
|
JP |
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08-155442 |
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Jun 1996 |
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JP |
|
9-98553 |
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Apr 1997 |
|
JP |
|
10-314751 |
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May 1997 |
|
JP |
|
9-271782 |
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Oct 1997 |
|
JP |
|
10-277545 |
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Oct 1998 |
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JP |
|
11-22460 |
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Jan 1999 |
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JP |
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11-333286 |
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Dec 1999 |
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JP |
|
3070983 |
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Aug 2000 |
|
JP |
|
2001-087774 |
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Apr 2001 |
|
JP |
|
2001-121154 |
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May 2001 |
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JP |
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2002-143858 |
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May 2002 |
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JP |
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2002-180833 |
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Jun 2002 |
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JP |
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2004-124918 |
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Apr 2004 |
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JP |
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WO 02/062711 |
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Aug 2002 |
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WO |
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Other References
English translation of International Preliminary Examination Report
in International Application No. PCT/JP2004/008894 (Forms
PCT/IB/338 and PCT/IPEA/409 (10 pages)). cited by other.
|
Primary Examiner: Mullins; Burton
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Frishauf, Holtz, Goodman &
Chick, P.C.
Claims
The invention claimed is:
1. A motor comprising a cooling medium flow path to which magnetic
members are provided, the magnetic members generating a magnetic
force in a direction substantially perpendicular to the flow
direction, wherein the magnetic flux density at the center of the
flow path is set at 2,000 to 5,000 gausses, and wherein
far-infrared ray-generating members are provided in conjunction
with the magnetic members, the wavelength of the far-infrared ray
generated by the far-infrared ray-generating members being within
.+-.10% of 1/N of a wavelength at which molecules undergo resonance
reaction, wherein N is a natural number.
2. The motor according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic members are
arranged in such a manner that mutually identical magnetic poles
are juxtaposed or mutually different magnetic poles are alternately
juxtaposed at a portion where the members are in the region of the
medium flow path, around a pipe in which the cooling medium
flows.
3. The motor according to claim 1, wherein the medium flow path is
a bundled combination of a pathway through which a cooling medium
passes together with a pathway through which a medium as a fuel
passes, and further comprises magnetic members provided thereto,
the magnetic members generating a magnetic force in a direction
substantially perpendicular to the flow direction in each
pathway.
4. The motor according to claim 1, which is used for an
automobile.
5. The motor according to claim 1, which is liquid-cooled.
6. The motor according to claim 1, wherein far-infrared
radiation-generating substances of the far-infrared ray-generating
members include tourmaline, black silica, zeolite, talc, ceramics
in general and substances containing SiO.sub.2 in part of their
compositions.
7. The motor according to claim 1, wherein the cooling medium flow
path is connected to a pump.
8. The motor according to claim 1, wherein the wavelength of the
far-infrared ray is 5 to 25 micrometers.
9. The motor according to claim 1, wherein the wavelength of the
far-infrared ray is 6 to 18 micrometers.
10. The motor according to claim 1, wherein the wavelength of the
far-infrared ray is 8 to 14 micrometers.
11. A medium flow path comprising magnetic members, the magnetic
members generating a magnetic force in a direction substantially
perpendicular to the flow direction, wherein the magnetic flux
density at the center of the flow path is set at 2,000 to 5,000
gausses, and wherein far-infrared ray-generating members are
provided in conjunction with the magnetic members, the wavelength
of the far-infrared ray generated by the far-infrared
ray-generating members being within .+-.10% of 1/N of a wavelength
at which molecules undergo resonance reaction, wherein N is a
natural number.
12. The medium flow path according to claim 11, wherein the
magnetic members are arranged in such a manner that mutually
identical magnetic poles are juxtaposed or mutually different
magnetic poles are alternately juxtaposed at a portion where the
members are in the region of the medium flow path, around a pipe in
which the cooling medium flows.
13. The medium flow path according to claim 11, wherein the medium
flow path is a bundled combination of a pathway through which a
cooling medium passes together with a pathway through which a
medium as a fuel passes, and further comprises magnetic members
provided thereto, the magnetic members generating a magnetic force
in a direction substantially perpendicular to the flow direction in
each pathway.
14. The medium flow path according to claim 11, wherein
far-infrared radiation-generating substances of the far-infrared
ray-generating members include tourmaline, black silica, zeolite,
talc, ceramics in general and substances containing SiO.sub.2 in
part of their compositions.
15. The medium flow path according to claim 11, to which a pump is
connected.
16. The medium flow path according to claim 11, wherein the
wavelength of the far-infrared ray is 5 to 25 micrometers.
17. The medium flow path according to claim 11, wherein the
wavelength of the far-infrared ray is 6 to 18 micrometers.
18. The medium flow path according to claim 11, wherein the
wavelength of the far-infrared ray is 8 to 14 micrometers.
19. A motor comprising a cooling medium flow path to which magnetic
members are provided, the magnetic members generating a magnetic
force in a direction substantially perpendicular to the flow
direction, wherein the magnetic flux density at the center of the
flow path is set at 2,000 to 5,000 gausses, and wherein the medium
flow path is a bundled combination of a pathway through which a
cooling medium passes together with a pathway through which a
medium as a fuel passes, and further comprises magnetic members
provided thereto, the magnetic members generating a magnetic force
in a direction substantially perpendicular to the flow direction in
each pathway.
20. The motor according to claim 19, wherein far-infrared
ray-generating members are provided in conjunction with the
magnetic members.
21. The motor according to claim 20, wherein the wavelength of the
far-infrared ray generated by the far-infrared ray-generating
members is within .+-.10% of 1/N of a wavelength at which molecules
undergo resonance reaction, wherein N is a natural number.
22. The motor according to claim 21, wherein the wavelength of the
far-infrared ray is 5 to 25 micrometers.
23. The motor according to claim 21, wherein the wavelength of the
far-infrared ray is 6 to 18 micrometers.
24. The motor according to claim 21, wherein the wavelength of the
far-infrared ray is 8 to 14 micrometers.
25. The motor according to claim 19, wherein the magnetic members
are arranged in such a manner that mutually identical magnetic
poles are juxtaposed or mutually different magnetic poles are
alternately juxtaposed at a portion where the members are in the
region of the medium flow path, around a pipe in which the cooling
medium flows.
26. The motor according to claim 19, which is used for an
automobile.
27. The motor according to claim 19, which is liquid-cooled.
28. The motor according to claim 19, wherein the cooling medium
flow path is connected to a pump.
29. A medium flow path comprising magnetic members, the magnetic
members generating a magnetic force in a direction substantially
perpendicular to the flow direction, wherein the magnetic flux
density at the center of the flow path is set at 2,000 to 5,000
gausses, and wherein the medium flow path is a bundled combination
of a pathway through which a cooling medium passes together with a
pathway through which a medium as a fuel passes, and further
comprises magnetic members provided thereto, the magnetic members
generating a magnetic force in a direction substantially
perpendicular to the flow direction in each pathway.
30. The medium flow path according to claim 29, wherein
far-infrared ray-generating members are provided in conjunction
with the magnetic members.
31. The medium flow path according to claim 30, wherein the
wavelength of the far-infrared ray generated by the far-infrared
ray-generating members is within .+-.10% of 1/N of a wavelength at
which molecules undergo resonance reaction, wherein N is a natural
number.
32. The motor according to claim 31, wherein the wavelength of the
far-infrared ray is 5 to 25 micrometers.
33. The motor according to claim 31, wherein the wavelength of the
far-infrared ray is 6 to 18 micrometers.
34. The motor according to claim 31, wherein the wavelength of the
far-infrared ray is 8 to 14 micrometers.
35. The medium flow path according to claim 29, wherein the
magnetic members are arranged in such a manner that mutually
identical magnetic poles are juxtaposed or mutually different
magnetic poles are alternately juxtaposed at a portion where the
members are in the region of the medium flow path, around a pipe in
which the cooling medium flows.
36. The medium flow path according to claim 29, to which a pump is
connected.
Description
This application is a U.S. National Phase Application under 35 USC
371 of International Application PCT/JP2004/008894, filed Jun. 24,
2004, which is incorporated herein in its entirety by this
reference.
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to cooling liquid to be used for
liquid-cooling systems for motors, radiators and the like, and more
specifically, to a method of improving liquid-cooling efficiency of
the cooling liquid.
BACKGROUND ART
A structure of a liquid-cooled motor is described with reference to
FIG. 1 (a front view) and FIG. 2 (a side sectional view taken along
A-A' section of the front view). The motor rotates with its rotor
107 about its rotation axis 105. Alternating current flows in the
rotor 107 and heat is generated due to an eddy current loss based
on the alternating current. When the heat generation grows to
increase the motor temperature, problems will arise, such as a
decrease of generated torque of the motor and an increase of
inverter failure rate. As such, cooling liquid is introduced into
the motor through cooling liquid ports 101 and circulated through a
cooling liquid flow path 103 formed around the motor.
Incidentally, an example of application of such a motor is for
electric vehicles. An electric vehicle has an economical advantage
that electricity therefor costs less in comparison to gasoline for
a current gasoline vehicle. In addition, the electric vehicle has
environmental advantages that it emits no exhaust gases such as
NO.sub.x and CO.sub.x, discharging no causative agents for
atmospheric pollution and global warming and is quieter in engine
sound than the gasoline vehicle, causing less noise problems.
On the other hand, the electric vehicle has a disadvantage that it
cannot get sufficient mobile performance in comparison to the
gasoline vehicle. For the electric vehicle, the criterion of
practical use is whether it can obtain a mobile performance
equivalent to or more than that of the gasoline vehicle by the
combination of motor and battery.
In order to solve such problems associated with the electric
vehicle, it is considered an important proposition to lengthen
travel distances by increasing battery performance and reducing
recharging times. Simultaneously, as an elemental technique for
realizing that, motors must be reduced in size and weight, improved
in performance and durability and reduced in cost.
With this respect, in order to improve motor efficiency and
performance, refinement for increasing magnetic flux density of
magnets to be used for the motor, refinement for increasing winding
density of lead wires, development for methods of controlling
inverters and the like are currently under way. Such modifications
of designs are necessary, but a huge amount of cost and time for
development will be necessary.
When a currently available motor is used for an electric vehicle,
problems are that its output is small in relation to battery
capacity and motor output is small. For output, when the motor has
too high a temperature, its output will further decrease.
A decrease in output will more quantitatively be described. An
electric vehicle uses mainly a polyphase induction motor or a
permanent magnet-based synchronous motor. When copper lead is used
for armature windings, resistance of the copper lead will increase
as much as 12% with an increase in temperature of 30.degree. C.
Along with this, an induced voltage that is in proportion to a
generated torque of the motor will also decrease. When permanent
magnets are used for the motor, magnetic flux density will
decrease, depending on their material, due to an increase in
temperature. For reference, when barium ferrite is used as a
permanent magnet material, the magnetic flux density will decrease
as much as 5.4% with an increase in temperature of 30.degree. C.
Accordingly, the torque will decrease for the same percentage. Due
to these factors, some motors may decrease their torques nearly 20%
with an increase in temperature of 30.degree. C.
It is also said that a failure rate for an inverter will usually
double as the surrounding temperature increases for 10.degree. C.
(10.degree. C. law). For this respect, the increase in temperature
of the motor must be suppressed to the minimum.
Suppression of increase in temperature of a motor is extremely
important for maintaining motor efficiency and minimizing failures.
To this end, performance of a motor-cooling system must securely be
guaranteed. Otherwise, the temperature of a motor or an inverter
for drive control would excessively increase, preventing a wanted
output from being obtained at high-revolution, high-output
ranges.
To cope with an increase in temperature of a motor, measures are
taken currently, such as a combined use with air-cooling, an
increase of cooling capacity by enlarging a heat sink for
preventing inverter overheating or an increase of cooling capacity
per unit time by enlarging a pump for cooling liquid circulation.
These solutions will, however, be contradictory to the objectives
as described above, such as reduction in size and weight,
improvement in performance and durability and reduction in cost for
a motor.
On the other hand, water in which water molecules are finely
dispersed by a magnetic force for activation (active water) is
known. Such active water and treatment processes therefor are
disclosed in detail in the following literatures.
Patent literature 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
1993-293491 (in its entirety)
Patent literature 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
1996-155442 (in its entirety)
The active water is highly surface-active, dissolving and
permeating and is therefore known for possessing effects such as
removing stains very well and inhibiting scale and slime buildup in
pipes. Also the active water is in a highly energized state in
which electron-exciting action is exerted to actively move
electrons and is therefore known for having effects such as being
stable because substances contained in a liquid are uniformly
present as ions, inhibiting proliferation of aquatic algae and
preventing harmful compounds from being produced by ionic bond.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
Problems to be Solved by the Invention
The present invention is intended to provide a motor applicable to
electric vehicles and the like by the application of active water
to the motor to enhance the cooling efficiency thereof.
Means for Solving the Problems
Active water has clusters of molecules that are broken apart and
has a higher heat conductivity than when the molecules are
aggregated. By applying such active water to a liquid-cooling
system of a large-scale, high-output liquid-cooled motor to be used
for electric vehicles and the like to finely divide and/or activate
clusters of a liquid such as cooling water or antifreeze liquid and
so on, the cooling efficiency may be increased. Since the clusters
of molecules are small and more uniform in the active water, the
load on a circulating pump is greatly reduced so that the flow
velocity may be increased and the heat dissipation per unit time
may be enhanced.
More specifically, the present invention relates a cooling medium
flow path to which magnetic members are provided, the magnetic
members generating a magnetic force in a direction substantially
perpendicular to the flow direction. The magnetic members are
desirably arranged in such a manner that mutually identical
magnetic poles may be juxtaposed at a portion where the members are
in contact with the cooling flow path. According to an aspect of
the present invention, far-infrared ray-generating members for
generating far-infrared ray may be provided in conjunction with the
magnetic members.
The magnetic flux density generated by the magnetic members
according to the present invention is preferably 500 to 5,000
gausses at the center of the flow path. Also, the wavelength of the
far-infrared ray generated by the far-infrared ray-generating
members is most preferably a wavelength which is absorbed into
molecules of the cooling medium and at which the molecules undergo
resonance reaction (resonance wavelength). The wavelength of the
far-infrared ray is capable of realizing the effect of the present
invention when it is deviated by .+-.10% or so in relation to the
resonance wavelength and even if it is 1/N thereof, wherein N is a
natural number.
Effect of the Invention
According to the present invention, cooling efficiency of a motor
may be improved in a very simply manner and, as a result,
performance of the motor may be improved. According to the present
invention, a reduction of troubles such as failures of an inverter
including a motor, prevention of clogging and contamination of
pipes of a liquid-cooling system, a reduction of pump failures, a
saving in consumption energy and a reduction of the number of
replacements of water or antifreeze liquid and so on can be
attained.
According to the present invention, attaching a liquid activator or
magnets to the liquid-cooling system of the motor enables to break
apart clusters of molecules of a liquid such as water or an
antifreeze liquid and so on, and easily replacing a cooling system
instead of the motor as a whole enables to improve efficiency,
performance, safety and failure tolerance of motor- and
inverter-cooling lines. In addition, the load on a pump in the
system is greatly reduced to provide a similar result.
According to the present invention, efficient suppression of heat
generation of the motor will cause such effects as increasing motor
outputs, extending the useful life of the motor, lessening heat
losses, decreasing failures, eliminating ununiformness of output
and torque and reducing electric power consumption.
Also, according to the present invention, efficient suppression of
heat generation of the inverter will cause such effects as
extending the useful life of the inverter, increasing motor output,
decreasing failures, eliminating ununiformness of output and
torque, facilitating controls and reducing electric power
consumption.
According to the present invention, flowing of a liquid having
small clusters of molecules to greatly reduce the load on the pump
will cause such effects as increasing the flow velocity of the
cooling liquid to increase the cooling capability, reducing pump
failures and preventing stain buildup inside the pipes to extend
the useful life and sustain the flow velocity.
According to the present invention, the frequency of cooling liquid
replacement is greatly reduced and the apparatus can be used
semipermanently because it is composed of only permanent magnets or
of permanent magnets combined with far-infrared ray-generating
stones. It can therefore be used repeatedly if it would be formed
as a detachable unit.
Even if not all of these effects are comprised, it is still, of
course, within the range of the present invention.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIG. 3 shows a cooling system to which the present invention is
applied. In this cooling system, a liquid-cooled motor 1, an
inverter 2, a circulating pump 3 and a heat exchanger 4 are
connected through a cooling liquid path 7. The circulating pump 3
acts as a pump for circulating cooling liquid and the heat
exchanger 4 acts to cool the cooling liquid with its temperature
increased. The cooling liquid flowing along the cooling liquid path
7 is supplied to the liquid-cooled motor 1 and is responsible for
cooling the same.
According to the present invention, a liquid activator 5 using
magnets or the like is provided somewhere along the cooling liquid
path 7. As to be subsequently referred to, the liquid activator 5
acts to segregate clusters of water molecules from one another by a
magnetic force and is means for activating water. As shown in FIG.
3, the liquid activator 5 is provided immediately before the
liquid-cooled motor 1. It will be however sufficient if the
liquid-cooled motor 1 is supplied with water once activated by the
liquid activator 5 as fully activated, so that the liquid activator
may not necessarily be provided immediately before the
liquid-cooled motor 1. Locations at which the liquid activator 5
may be provided include those before and after the inverter 2,
those before and after the circulating pump 3 and those near the
exit of the liquid-cooled motor 1. Locations of the liquid
activator 5 in the cooling liquid path 7 do not comprise an
indispensable constituent feature of the present invention.
According to the present invention, a unit of unipolar or
multipolar magnets or a unit of unipolar or multipolar magnets on
which far-infrared ray-generating stones are placed or coated is
mounted at a desired location along the cooling liquid path 7
through which a liquid for the liquid-cooling system of the motor,
such as water or an antifreeze liquid and so on, is flowed.
According to the present invention, the liquid activator 5 may be
mounted to a path for a cooling medium in the motor.
In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention,
no matter how the term "liquid activator" is referred to, any means
for segregating clusters of water molecules from one another by a
magnetic force may be used. For details of configuration of such
activating means, reference may be made to the embodiments to be
subsequently referred to.
The present invention consists in sub-dividing or sub-dividing and
activating clusters of water molecules for use in cooling a motor.
A variety of methods for sub-dividing or sub-dividing and
activating the clusters of water molecules are available and any
methods may be used as long as such water, antifreeze liquid or the
like may be obtained.
The finely divided or finely divided and activated states of the
clusters of water molecules according to the present invention have
a duration of favorable state depending on the method for
sub-dividing and the like therefor. Thus, sub-dividing or
sub-dividing and activating may desirably be carried out on a
continuous basis in a cooling liquid path system.
EXAMPLES
Embodiments of magnetic members, such as magnets, for generating a
magnetic force to be used in the present invention will be
described.
A first embodiment is shown in FIG. 4. This figure represents a
manner in which unipolar magnets 22 are mounted at any location
where water or antifreeze liquid and so on flows in a
liquid-cooling system for a motor. With reference to FIG. 4, arrows
represent the flow direction of cooling liquid and "N" denotes the
N pole of a magnet while "S" denotes the S pole of the magnet (here
and hereinafter).
A second embodiment of magnetic members according to the present
invention is shown in FIG. 5. This figure represents a manner in
which multiple multipolar magnets are mounted along a cooling
liquid path. As shown in FIG. 5, adjacent magnet units 27 are
desirably mounted with their N poles and S poles in an alternate
fashion.
FIG. 6 shows a variant of the second embodiment. This embodiment
also represents a manner in which multiple multipolar magnet units
22 are mounted along a cooling liquid path, but differs from the
embodiment of mounting in FIG. 5 in that adjacent magnet units are
aligned with their polarity.
A third embodiment of magnetic members according to the present
invention is shown in FIG. 7. Unlike the first and second
embodiments, this embodiment uses far-infrared ray in conjunction
with a magnetic force to disperse clusters of water molecules. As
shown in FIG. 7, far-infrared ray-generating stones 26 (denoted as
F) are provided in juxtaposition with magnets 22.
Far-infrared ray is absorbed by molecules of a cooling medium,
thereby giving them energy and causing resonance reaction to
oscillate the molecules. In this way, the far-infrared ray excites
the molecules to a highly energized state to make them susceptible
to the effect of magnetic force, with a result that the clusters of
the water molecules will more easily be broken apart and remain as
such for a longer period of time.
FIG. 8 shows a variant of the third embodiment. In this embodiment,
unlike the embodiment of FIG. 7, far-infrared ray-generating powder
28 (shown as hatched) is applied to magnets. Application of the
far-infrared powder may be carried out by coating, pasting and
other appropriate measures. In this way, an equivalent effect to
that of the embodiment of FIG. 7 may be exerted.
A fourth embodiment of magnetic members according to the present
invention is shown in FIG. 9 to FIG. 13. The fourth embodiment is a
combination of the second and third embodiments. Specifically,
multiple magnets 24 are arranged along a cooling liquid path as in
the second embodiment and simultaneously far-infrared
ray-generating powder 28 or far-infrared ray-generating stones 26
are arranged along the cooling liquid path on the basis of the
third embodiment (without limitation thereto).
FIG. 9 shows an embodiment in which multiple magnets 24 are
arranged with their N and S poles in an alternate fashion and
far-infrared ray-generating stones 26 are arranged in
juxtaposition.
FIG. 10 shows an embodiment in which multiple magnets 24 are
arranged with their N and S poles in an alternate fashion and
far-infrared ray-generating powder 28 is applied. Application may
be carried out by coating, pasting and other appropriate
measures.
FIG. 11 shows an embodiment in which multiple magnets 22 are
arranged with their N poles and S poles respectively in a line and
far-infrared ray-generating stones 26 are arranged in
juxtaposition.
FIG. 12 shows an embodiment in which multiple magnets 22 are
arranged with their N poles and S poles respectively in line and
far-infrared ray-generating powder 28 is applied. Application may
be carried out by coating, pasting and other appropriate measures.
FIG. 13 shows an embodiment in which refinement and arrangement are
made to have a combination of features of FIG. 10 and FIG. 12. In
particular, magnets 30 are arranged with the N and S poles parallel
to the flow direction.
The first to fourth embodiments are mounted in such a manner that
magnetic flux or far-infrared ray preferably traverses the flow
direction of a liquid substantially perpendicularly, to finely
divide or finely divide and activate water or antifreeze liquid and
so on in the liquid-cooling system. Depending on uses, however, the
magnetic flux or far-infrared ray may not necessarily be
perpendicular to the flow direction of the liquid as long as the
effects are obtainable. In this respect, adjustment can be made as
appropriate in accordance with space and process for mounting the
magnetic members.
For further describing arrangement of the magnets as the magnetic
members, arrangement in which N and S poles are oppositely placed
in pairs in such a manner that they sandwich a pipe in-between
comes into consideration for unipolar magnets only, while
arrangement in which N and S poles are arranged in an alternate
fashion along one side and S and N poles are arranged in an
alternate fashion along the opposite side (FIG. 5, FIG. 9, FIG. 10
and FIG. 13) or arrangement in which N poles are arranged along one
side and S poles are arranged along the opposite side (FIG. 6, FIG.
11, FIG. 12 and FIG. 13) come into consideration for multipolar
magnets. The arrangement according to the latter is directed to
increase the magnetic flux density due to repulsion between the
same poles by arranging the magnets at a certain interval. As an
interval between magnets, theoretically (1/6)L is most suitable,
wherein L represents thickness of a magnet as shown in FIG. 6 and
FIG. 13. It was however found that a range of ( 1/12)L to (1/2)L is
practically sufficient and that the magnetic flux density triples
at the maximum by repulsion between the magnets.
In each of the embodiments, the magnetic flux density at the center
of a pipe is approximately 500 to 5,000 gausses in order to exert
the effect of the present invention. The magnetic flux density at
the center of a pipe may be determined by well-known methods. One
of such well-known methods is to place a gaussmeter at the center
of a pipe. It is considered that densities of around 1,000 to 4,000
gausses are preferable and densities of 2,000 to 3,000 gausses are
more preferable. At such magnetic flux densities, a magnetic force
modifies physical properties of water to the greatest degree.
In addition, when the present invention is applied to water, the
effect of the present invention may be exerted with far-infrared
ray of wavelengths of 5 to 25 micrometers. Wavelengths of 6 to 18
micrometers are more preferable and wavelengths of 8 to 14
micrometers are even more preferable. Wavelengths in these ranges
are easily absorbed in water molecules and are capable of
oscillating the water molecules to create a highly energized
state.
When a medium other than water is used as a cooling medium,
preferable ranges of far-infrared ray wavelengths will vary.
Specifically, depending on the natural frequency of molecules of a
cooling medium to be used, far-infrared ray-generating stones and
the like having wavelengths which are absorbed in the molecules of
the cooling medium to cause the molecules to undergo resonance
reaction (resonance wavelength) must be chosen. Wavelengths of the
far-infrared ray of far-infrared ray-generating stones adopted may
exert the effect of the present invention if they are deviated by
.+-.10% or so from the resonance wavelength and if they are 1/N
thereof, wherein N is a natural number. Flow velocity of media
(liquid, gaseous) may be 0.01 m/sec to 10 m/sec to exert the effect
of the present invention. Flow velocities of 1 m/sec to 5 m/sec are
considered preferable and flow velocities of 2 m/sec to 4 m/sec are
considered more preferable.
When the magnetic members according to the present invention are
incorporated into finished products, such as motors, the number of
poles may be altered depending on measurement of effect on cooling
systems, performance requirement and allowable cost, or stones for
generating far-infrared ray for activation may be placed or coated.
Applications of water having small clusters or water having small
clusters and having been activated, such as magnetized water or
active water and other cooling media as well as media for heat
exchanges such as heating or vaporization to mechanisms in need of
heat exchanges such as heating and vaporization, including cooling,
such as motors and radiators are within the range of the present
invention. Examples of such applications will subsequently be
referred to.
The term "water having small clusters" is used herein. Clusters can
be structurally analyzed by, for example, a nuclear magnetic
resonance (NMR) apparatus. For structural analysis of clusters, an
analyte is first applied with a magnetic field having a frequency
substantially equal to the resonance frequency to determine a gain.
The gain being plotted along the ordinate axis and the frequency
being plotted along the abscissa axis, the gain reaches its peak at
the value of the resonance frequency. From the half value width of
this peak (line width value at 1/2 peak level of gain) the ratio of
movement velocity of water molecules may be given. Smaller the half
value width, greater the movement velocity of the clusters to be
analyzed, which means the clusters are smaller.
For example, typical tap water has a value of approximately 100 to
150 Hz as determined by NMR as described above. On the other hand,
after treating such tap water with magnetism or with magnetism and
far-infrared ray, the value is determined as approximately 50 to 70
Hz. This means that the clusters of water molecules are broken
apart by treatment with magnetism or with magnetism and
far-infrared ray.
As methods for obtaining water having small clusters of water
molecules, such as active water, uses of magnetic field lines and
far-infrared ray (ceramic) are disclosed herein. Other methods
however include those based on electromagnetic waves, laser beams,
weak current, high voltages, ultrasonic waves, impact and forces
and it is also within the range of the present invention to use or
combine such other methods. Since the finely divided or finely
divided and activated forms of clusters of water molecules have a
duration, such treatments are preferably carried out continuously
in the system. Since it is supposed that the most favorable
activated state will last eight hours or less and favorable
activated state will last approximately 48 hours when a magnetic
force and far-infrared ray are exerted, circulation may desirably
be carried out in a duration of eight hours or less.
According to the present invention, coating multipolar magnets
arranged in such a manner that the magnetic flux density at the
center of a pipe may be 2,000 to 3,000 gausses with a powdered
substance for generating far-infrared ray of 8 to 14 micrometers,
such as tourmaline and black silica, is an example of the most
preferable embodiment.
Examples of magnets which may be used for the present invention
include samarium-cobalt magnet, neodymium-boron magnet, alnico
magnet, praseodymium magnet, strontium-ferrite magnet,
barium-ferrite magnet, other rare earth-based magnets and
ferrite-based magnets. Examples of far-infrared ray-generating
substances which may be used for the present invention include
tourmaline, black silica, zeolite, talc, ceramics in general and
substances containing SiO.sub.2 in part of their compositions.
Such examples were designed according to the fourth embodiment and
applied to a cooling system for motors to experimentally determine
rises in temperature. In the experimental determinations, a
liquid-cooled induction motor with an output of 40 W was
continuously run unloaded at 4,000 rpm and the temperature inside
the motor was measured. The liquid activator provided for the
occasion was according to the embodiment in FIG. 12, with a
magnetic flux density at the center of the pipe of 2,500 gausses
and a wavelength of the far-infrared ray of 8 to 14 micrometers,
using tap water for the cooling liquid. The flow rate of the
cooling liquid was preset at 6 1/min and the flow velocity was
preset at 2 m/sec. As a result, the temperature rise for the
product without measures was 10.degree. C. while the temperature
rise for the product with measures was suppressed to 7.2.degree. C.
It may be concluded that the cooling efficiency was improved
approximately 30%.
The results of the experiments conducted to support the above will
be shown below.
FIG. 14 shows an apparatus wherein a predetermined amount of heat
energy per unit time was supplied by an electric heater to three
kinds of water with agitation and temperature rises were measured.
Using an experimental apparatus as shown in FIG. 14, times required
for (1) tap water, (2) tap water treated only with multipolar
magnets (treated water A) and (3) tap water treated with multipolar
magnets and far-infrared ray (treated water B) to rise in
temperature for 30.degree. C. were determined. The results are
shown in FIG. 15.
Multiple experiments were conducted to provide an average. As seen
from FIG. 15, the magnetized water and the active water rise in
temperature more quickly than the tap water. It was found that the
active waters (cooling medium treated by magnetization and cooling
medium treated by magnetization and far-infrared ray) have higher
heat conductivities. When they are used as cooling media, the
cooling efficiency will improve.
FIG. 16 shows the results of the measurements as to how long it
takes to pump up 3 m.sup.3 of (1) tap water, (2) tap water treated
only with multipolar magnets (treated water A) and (3) tap water
treated with multipolar magnets and far-infrared ray (treated water
B) using an FSS swirl pump of bipolar type with an output of 3.7 kW
with two water tanks.
Multiple experiments were conducted to provide an average. The
treated water A was treated through a PVC pipe of .phi. 25 to which
magnets were placed according to the second embodiment (embodiment
shown in FIG. 6) under the condition of a magnetic flux density at
the center of the pipe of 2,000 gausses. The treated water B was
magnetized through a PVC pipe of .phi. 25 to which magnets were
placed according to the fourth embodiment (embodiment shown in FIG.
12) under the condition of a magnetic flux density at the center of
the pipe of 2,000 gausses and was also treated with far-infrared
ray having wavelengths of 8 to 14 micrometers.
As shown above, the results obtained show that the cooling medium
treated only with multipolar magnets improves the cooling
efficiency for 20 to 30% and the cooling medium treated with
multipolar magnets and far-infrared ray improves the cooling
efficiency for 40 to 50%.
In addition, the present invention is applicable to any industrial
machines in which cooling, heating, vaporization and heat
insulation are provided by any kind of media (liquid, gaseous) for
heat exchanges of water, oils, cooling fluids and the like, for
example, various types of mechanical pressing machines, hydraulic
pressing machines, bending machines, shearing machines, wire rod
machines, machining centers, turning centers, drilling centers,
grinding machines, slotters, planing machines, cutters, milling
machines, electroerosion machines, lathes, drilling machines,
boring mills, specialized machines for modular units, automatic
assemblers, special processing machines, laser beam machines,
electrolytic machines, mold polishers, polishing machines,
finishers, forging machines, casting machines, forge rolling
machines, rolling machines, mold forming machines, die casting
machines, liquid material injection molding machines, thermoplastic
injection molding machines, thermosetting injection molding
machines, rubber injection molding machines, special injection
molding machines, reaction injection molding machines, vacuum
forming machines, blow forming machines, vacuum casting machines,
compression molding machines, thermoforming machines, foam molding
machines, extruders, extrusion molding machines, centrifugal
molding machines, textile machines, papermaking machines, paper
converting machines, bookbinding machines, wind force machines,
iron making machines, machines for mines, mechanical shovels,
excavators, machines for heating, machines for cooling, air
conditioners, pumps, pumps for liquids, centrifuges, printing
machines, heat pumps, cooling towers, concentrators, crystallizers,
dryers, crushers, agricultural machines, electricity generators,
compressors, separators, filters, drivetrains, cargo carriers,
transmissions, oiling equipment, power generators, elevators,
automatic segment assemblers, engines, jet engines, turbo chargers,
automobiles, trucks, forklifts, special-purpose vehicles, transport
machines, distribution equipment, hydraulic shovels, unloaders,
cranes, conveyors, autoways, construction machines, military
defense aircrafts, commercial aircrafts, guiding instruments, outer
space instruments, ships, industrial furnaces, vacuum furnaces,
nuclear reactors, blast furnaces, turbines, boilers, ventilation
fans, robots, computers, semiconductors, washers, precision
component washers, food packaging machines, electronic devices,
pots, humidifiers, aspirators, carburetors, air conditioners,
refrigerators, freezers, freezing machines, practical
refrigerators, HVAC equipment, freezers for transportation, air
conditioners for vehicles, medical devices and so on.
Efficiency of heat exchanges such as heating and vaporization,
including cooling of machines will thereby improve so that
performance of the machines may be improved and troubles such as
failures may greatly be reduced. In addition, the load on pumps and
the like to be used for circulation and feeding may be reduced so
that energy expenses may be reduced.
By the application of the present invention, red rusts, stains and
clogging in the pipes, heat exchangers, pumps, machines and
apparatuses through which media (liquid, gaseous) pass are
eliminated to thereby increase the flow velocity so that efficiency
of heat exchanges such as heating and vaporization, including
cooling may further be increased and the load on the pumps may be
reduced, allowing the useful lives of the heat exchangers, pipings,
machines and apparatuses to be extended.
According to the present invention, proliferation of bacteria and
buildup of scales and slimes in the media (liquid, gaseous) may be
suppressed so that useful lives of the media may be extended and
frequency of replacements may be reduced. By the application of the
present invention, the energy for heating, vaporizing and cooling
the media (liquid, gaseous) may also be saved.
In machines having engines which operate on fuels, such as
automobiles, by the application of the present invention to a
bundled combination of a pathway through which a medium for heat
exchanges, such as cooling, heating and vaporization passes and a
pathway through which a fuel passes, fuel consumption improves for
10 to 30% according to data and more efficient energy saving is
achieved.
In so doing, when the media (liquid, gaseous) for heat exchanges,
such as heating and vaporization, including cooling are circulated
for use, the mounting location may be anywhere in the circulation
system as described above. An example is shown in FIG. 17.
201 denotes a magnetic member according to the present invention,
202 denotes a heat exchanger, 203 denotes a pump and 204 denotes a
machine, an apparatus or a part thereof in need of heat exchanges
for its mechanical movable components and the like.
If circulation is not allowed, it may preferably be mounted at a
stage preceding an apparatus for feeding, such as a pump. If
processes for previously cooling, heating and vaporizing the media
(liquid, gases) are involved, it should more desirably be mounted
at a stage also preceding such processes, because the energy
required for the processes may be reduced. An example with a
machine tool is shown in FIG. 18.
301 denotes a magnetic member according to the present invention,
302 denotes a heater, cooler or vaporizer, 303 denotes a pump, 304
denotes a tank for medium, 305 denotes a cutting machine and 306
denotes a workpiece.
Experiments for temperature rises were carried out for several of
these industrial machines. Under the conditions of the fourth
embodiment (embodiment shown in FIG. 12) with diameters of pipes
differing from .phi. 8 to 25, the magnetic flux density at the
center was adapted to be 2,000 gausses or more. Also, wavelengths
of the far-infrared ray ranged from 8 to 14 micrometers. As a
result, suppression of temperature rise of 10 to 50% was observed
as in the case of motor.
The present invention is also applicable to facilities per se using
water or media (liquid, gaseous) for heating, vaporization and heat
exchanges including cooling, such as cooling, heating and air
conditioning systems, hot water supply systems, boilers, heat
exchangers, drinking water supply systems, lavatories, rest rooms,
hot springs, swimming baths, baths, showers, water works,
fountains, heated swimming pools and swimming pools; buildings
having such facilities, such as hospitals, hotels, inns,
condominiums, golf courses, public housings, corporate dormitories,
student dormitories, schools, libraries, community centers and
other public facilities; plants, equipment, factories,
installations and other constructs; tankers, passenger boats,
freight vessels, specialized ships, combined carriers, special
ships, military vessels, repair ships, ferries, tugboats and other
ships as well as vehicles such as military defense aircrafts,
commercial aircrafts, campers, buses, limousines and so on.
Examples of plants include gas and petroleum production plants,
desalination plants, nuclear fuel processing plants, combined cycle
plants, thermopower plants, nuclear power plants, geothermal
plants, gas turbine power plants, wind power plants, photovoltaic
power plants, thermal energy conversion plants, diesel power
plants, critical pressure power plants, waste power plants, oxygen
combustion plants, supercritical water plants, water heat treatment
plants, LNG/LPG storage plants, LNG/LPG receiving plants, cement
plants, natural gas plants, chemical plants, petrochemical plants,
pharmaceutical plants, waste disposal plants, waste recycling
plants, water treatment plants and all other industry-related
plants.
Examples of facilities include flood control facilities, water
utilization facilities, water distribution facilities, water
conveyance facilities, drainage facilities, storage facilities,
grinding facilities, environmental facilities, aerodynamic
experiment facilities, training aquarium facilities, engine
experiment facilities, hydraulic experiment facilities, various
experiment facilities, flue gas denitrification facilities, flue
gas desulfurization facilities, noise control facilities, garbage
accumulation drum facilities, garbage longitudinal conveyance
facilities, garbage crushing facilities, dam-related facilities and
other industrial facilities.
Further, as factories and the like, food factories, medical device
factories, semiconductor factories, electronic device factories,
part factories, brewing factories, beer factories, papermaking
factories, fine chemicals factories, liquid crystal factories and
factories for all industrial products are included.
Also included are water treatment plants, water and sewage plants,
waste disposal sites, marine facilities, port facilities, marine
production facilities, leisure facilities, guest accommodating
facilities, resort facilities, hot spring facilities, bathhouses,
public baths, cultural facilities, sports facilities, swimming
pools, heated swimming pools, aquariums, incinerators, ash fusion
furnaces, distilleries, breweries, sake breweries, gasification
fusion systems, waste disposal sites, refuse-derived fuel
production systems, refuse power generation systems, biogas
recovery systems, garbage disposers, recycling facilities, air
pollution control systems, soil remediation systems, hangar dock
systems, rocket propulsion systems, desulfurization units, service
areas, highways, various roadways, bridges, heat exchange systems,
welding systems, dams, cultivation areas, fish farms, farmsteads,
agricultural plantations, PVC greenhouses, dust collection systems,
substation systems, concrete pumps, parking towers and parking
facilities.
By the application of the present invention thereto, elimination of
clogging, scales, slimes and red rust buildup in pipes, pumps,
equipment and machines and extension of their useful lives may be
allowed for.
In addition, the reduction of the load on the power of pumps
greatly reduces the energy used and extends the replacement cycle
two times to more to greatly save maintenance cost. Expense for
fuel for heating media including water by a boiler and the like and
electricity expense for control are greatly reduced and clogging is
eliminated to greatly reduce failure rate. In boilers and the like
in particular, pure water must be used or systems for
demineralizing industrial water such as groundwater and tap water
are needed. By the application of the present invention, however,
metal ions and chlorine ions are prevented from bonding and
depositing in the machines to decrease the efficiency or cause
failures, so that such measures are no longer needed. Clogging in
cooling towers, chillers and the like is eliminated to greatly
improve the heat exchange efficiency and greatly extend their
useful lives. In other air conditioning facilities, efficiency of
heat exchanges is improved and clogging is eliminated so that the
energy for feeding for pumps and like may greatly be saved.
In addition, the energy for heating water, such as for boiling
water or for cooking, in buildings, facilities, plants, factories
and vehicles may be saved.
By way of illustration, hotels, inns, golf courses, resort
facilities, health farms, bathhouses and the like have swimming
baths where bathwater is circulated and pollution is removed before
sterilization. As methods for sterilization, those using
ultraviolet ray and chlorine dioxide are recently prevailing due to
problems concerning Legionella bacteria and Cryptosporidium. In
such cases, however, sterilization may be achieved, but scales and
slimes may build up in pipings of the circulation systems and
facilities. By the application of the present invention, such
buildup may be inhibited and the effect of sterilization may
further be enhanced. Data show that 50% of bacteria are inactivated
in pure water that has been treated with the present invention.
Further, since stains are easily removed, the amount of water to be
used for washing, laundry, dishwashing, showering, bathing and the
like is greatly reduced.
When the water is used as drinking water, various benefits as
active water, such as of infiltrating into the cells to promote
metabolism, removing stains easily, being tasty, having mellow
flavors, rendering foods tasty, providing warm bath effects,
smoothing the skin, prolonging lives of cut flowers, having no
chlorine smells, being less perishable and being more quickly
boiled may be enjoyed.
In this context, as examples of industrial applications, effects in
use such as of inhibiting water contamination and bacteria
proliferation in transportation of live fish to reduce fatality,
improving flavors and mellowing tastes in sake brewing, fluffing
out breads in baking and greatly reducing cooking time in rice
steaming are mentioned.
In so doing, when the media (liquid, gaseous) for heat exchanges
such as heating and vaporization, including cooling are circulated
for use, the mounting location may be anywhere in the circulation
system as described above. An example of installation in a cooling
system for a building or the like is shown in FIG. 19.
401 denotes a magnetic member according to the present invention,
402 denotes a heat exchanger, 403 denotes a pump, 404 denotes pipes
passing through a building, 405 denotes a building and 406 denotes
a cooling tower.
If circulation is not allowed, it should be mounted at a stage
preceding an apparatus for feeding, such as a pump.
If processes for heating and cooling the media (liquid, gaseous)
for heat exchanges such as heating and vaporization, including
cooling are involved, it should desirably be mounted at a stage
also preceding such processes.
In case of a building, it often has water tanks or elevated water
tanks for pooling water and in such cases, it is necessary that
circulation systems comprising the present invention are created in
such tanks and circulation is continuously made to keep the water
in the tanks as activated. Since it is supposed that the most
favorable activated state will last eight hours or less and
favorable activated state will last approximately 48 hours,
circulation may desirably be made in a duration of eight hours or
less. An example of installation in a water tank for a building is
shown in FIG. 20.
501 denotes a magnetic member according to the present invention,
502 denotes a circulation pump, 503 denotes a water tank, 504
denotes pipes leading to an elevated water tank installed on top of
a building and 505 denotes a lifting pump.
Also, data of electricity charge reduction for a hospital V are
shown in FIG. 21. The present invention was applied in such a
manner that water pooled in a water tank was circulated as in FIG.
20 and the water was magnetized through a PVC pipe with .phi. 32 to
which magnets were placed according to the fourth embodiment
(embodiment shown in FIG. 12) under the condition of a magnetic
flux density at the center of the pipe of 2,000 gausses and was
also treated with far-infrared ray having wavelengths of 8 to 14
micrometers.
Circulation cycles are programmed in such a manner that 20 tons of
water will pass through the present invention three to five times a
day, since these facilities use 20 tons of water a day. In this
way, water is continuously treated every eight hours or less to be
maintained as activated all the time.
Experiments have shown that sufficient effects may be obtained by
the installation of the present invention only in water tanks,
despite the fact that ordinary buildings also have elevated water
tanks installed in combination with the water tanks. Therefore, the
minimum expense is needed for the installation. In other words, by
the application of the present invention to buildings, the problems
that have traditionally been associated with such buildings may
very inexpensively be solved and the expense for maintenance and
the utility charges may easily be reduced.
As seen in this figure, reduction rates are increasing each year.
It shows that stains inside the pipes and instruments are gradually
being removed. The rates will is converge in the course of
approximately three years and level off thereafter.
In addition, most of the reduction in electricity is derived from
the electricity for driving pumps for feed and circulation. The
pump for feed will have its load reduced only by the modification
of water to save the electricity. The reduction rate is considered
close to approximately 9.4% at the first year. Also, the proportion
of pump-related electricity out of the whole electricity consumed
for a typical building is approximately 25 to 30%. Therefore, it is
assumed with respect only to pumps that the electricity consumption
is reduced for approximately 28 to 37% by the activation of water.
In addition, it is predicted that, for a newly constructed building
where pipes are clean inside, approximately 10% of the whole
electricity consumption is saved by the application of the present
invention.
FIG. 22 shows reduction rates of electricity consumption when the
present invention is applied to water tanks in a building of an
aged care facility Y under the same conditions as in FIG. 21.
Again, the reduction rate is seen approximately 10% at the first
year. For several thousand cases of installations, reduction rates
are 10 to 30%.
Next, data of gas charge reductions when the present invention is
applied to water tanks in a learning center M under the same
conditions as those of the two previous examples are shown in FIG.
23. In this learning center, water from the water tanks is supplied
to boilers for use in room heating and hot water supply. In so
doing, the boilers are used for boiling active water so that gas
charges may be reduced. Simultaneously, electricity charges for
controlling the boilers will also be reduced. As shown in the
figure, a reduction of 21.9% was obtained for the first year. Also,
data have shown a reduction of more than 40% partway through the
second year. This is attributable to the fact that calcium chloride
and the like built up in the boilers gradually detach, further
improving heat conductivity. For the boilers, fuel is saved for 20
to 50%.
Therefore, by mounting the present invention to water tanks,
electricity charges for pumps and the like, fuel charges for
boilers and the like, fuel charges for boiling hot water and tap
water charges may be reduced altogether.
In addition, if a building has a cooling line, coolant or water can
only be replaced several times a year because it is operated as
hermetically sealed. Therefore, benefits may not be enjoyed if the
present invention is mounted to a water tank. In that case, by
mounting the present invention independently to a circulation
system of the cooling line, energy may be saved in the same manner
(See FIG. 19). In the cooling line, the coolant deteriorates due to
heat so that scales may tend to build up in the pipes, and silica
in a pipe cleaner deteriorates and agglomerates to stick inside the
pipes. In addition, clogging is likely to occur due to calcium
chloride contained in the coolant and water, seriously decreasing
the efficiency. A decrease of around 30% is likely to occur in the
course of several years. By the installation of the present
invention, deposits will detach and the building will be restored
nearly as new-built.
Next, as an example of determining reduction rates for electricity
charges for pumps and fuel charges for boilers (kerosene charges)
altogether, data for an aged care facility K are shown in FIG. 24
and FIG. 25. The present invention was again mounted to water tanks
in this building under the same conditions as described above.
Reduction rates of 11.2% and 31.4% are shown respectively.
To add, ideally, instead of mounting to individual buildings,
facilities or the like, by mounting to the mains of water lines of
the area, the benefits of the present invention can be enjoyed
throughout the area so that the area where maintenance expense and
energy consumption are reduced may be competitive in terms of
cost.
NMR measurements of water drunk in communities of longevity are as
low as 65 to 90 Hz and such water is supposed to have small
clusters as if it were treated by the present invention. That is
then supposed to be a cause of longevity. Therefore, one of the
effects of active water is related to the activation of metabolism
and it may be safe to say that health is promoted and medical
expenditure is reduced as in the communities of longevity.
These benefits may be considered advantageous for attracting firms
and plants to that area.
Also, the present invention is applicable to car washes. Thereby,
such problems associated with conventional car washes as that water
scales and stains are difficult to remove and that flow paths
(pipes) for hot water (water), detergent and wax are clogged may be
solved. In other words, since active water has very high surface
activity, solvency power and permeability, it is capable of very
successfully removing water scales and stains for which car washes
are intended. In this regard, experiments were repeatedly conducted
on buses and passenger cars to visually observe clear differences
in efficacy.
However, visual ratings are not included in the items of ratings
for cleaning according to JIS and, therefore, ratings must be based
on the degree as to how much oil content can be washed off.
According to the experiments carried out with a salad oil, the
amount of solubilized oil doubled on an average as shown in FIG. 26
and, therefore, it is considered that the surface activity almost
doubled with an obvious effect. For experimentation, tap water and
the same tap water that was treated through a PVC pipe of .phi. 25
provided with magnets according to the fourth embodiment
(embodiment shown in FIG. 12) under the conditions of a magnetic
flux density of 2,000 gausses at the center of the pipe and
infrared ray of 8 to 14 micrometers, as treated water, are
provided. Then, 50 microliter of 1 mM TSP-d4 deuterium hydrogen
oxide solution is added to an NMR sample tube of .phi. 5, to which
450 microliter of the tap water or the treated water for experiment
and one microliter of salad oil are added to a final concentration
of 1 mM. The sample tube is shaken well for one minute and left for
five minutes before measurement by an NMR measuring apparatus. Ten
measurements were made to give an average.
Also it is miscible very well with detergent and foams well so that
stains and water deposits can be removed by a synergistic effect.
Nevertheless, the foams can be rinsed quickly so that less heated
water (water) is needed for washing away. For these reasons, the
amounts of detergent and water may be reduced and simultaneously
wax may be spread well and reduced in amount used because the
stains have been removed well. In other words, chemicals having
influences on the environment may be reduced.
In addition, clogging of pipes through which heated water (water),
detergent and wax pass may be eliminated for the same reasons.
Further, since active water has high heat conductivity, energy
required for obtaining heated water to be used in the car washes
may be reduced.
Also, since clusters of molecules are smaller and more uniform, the
load on feed pumps will be very small and since no clogging occurs,
flow may be accelerated or energy consumption may be reduced. In
addition, the whole apparatus including the pumps will have an
exceptionally low failure rate.
Usually, after a use of a car wash, water scales and stains that
may not completely be removed have to be removed by a process of
manual operations. According to the present invention, since the
stains may be removed exceptionally well, such a process may be
shortened and since the occurrence of manual operations may
drastically be decreased, washing time per car may be shortened.
This will fit in with the requirement on the market such that no
one wishes to be waiting in line. In other words, the number of
cars washed per unit time will increase and, thus, profitability
will increase accordingly.
In so doing, the mounting location may preferably be at a stage
preceding an apparatus for feeding, such as a pump, depending on
the space requirement. However, a typical car wash has a structure
such that water, detergent and wax are contained in respective
tanks. Since the detergent is diluted with water and the wax is
also water-soluble, in order to prevent clogging of pipes, the
present invention should most effectively be mounted at where the
three paths for water, detergent and wax are bundled. An example of
such an embodiment is shown in FIG. 27.
In FIG. 27, 601 denotes a magnetic member according to the present
invention, 602 denotes a water tank, 603 denotes a pump for
feeding, 604 denotes a tank for detergent and 605 denotes a tank
for wax. Cars are to be washed further left out of the figure.
In cold climates and regions, since a process of heating and
boiling water for injection is often involved, the present
invention is to be installed before such a process or since a
system often has a reservoir, a circulation system comprising the
present invention is to be installed in such a reservoir and
circulation is continuously to be made to keep the water in the
reservoir as activated. An example is shown in FIG. 28.
In FIG. 28, 701 and 708 denote magnetic members according to the
present invention, 702 denotes a pump for circulation, 703 denotes
a pump for feeding, 704 denotes a tank for detergent, 705 denotes a
tank for wax, 706 denotes a tank for water and 707 denotes a
heater. Cars are to be washed further left out of the figure.
In addition, the present invention may be incorporated in
simplified water purification systems to be installed for
improvement in water circumstances in developing nations and in
emergencies such as natural disasters, warfare and conflicts.
By such incorporation, elimination of clogging in pipes for
pipelines and buildup of scales, slimes, red rusts, stains and the
like as well as extension of their useful lives may be allowed for.
In addition, by the reduction of the load on pumps for pumping up
and feeding, energy may greatly be saved and exchange cycles may be
extended to greatly reduce maintenance cost. This is highly
preferable for the locality where energy circumstances are
considered demanding as a matter of course.
In addition, some data have shown that active water inactivates
approximately 50% of bacteria so that sterilized water may further
be preserved and drinking water having a longer lasting
sterilization effect may be supplied. It is also advantageous in
that the installation is simple and needs less space.
The system setup first pumps up underground water and the like by a
pump and/or pumps up water from a river. The present invention is
desirably located before a pump for reducing the load on the pump,
however depending on the quality of the water pumped up. Next,
salts, for example, are electrolyzed to produce chlorine dioxide
and the like and they are then passed through a sterilization
apparatus, such as a method of low concentration so as not to do
any harm to the human body and conveyed to a remote location
through a pipeline by a pump for feeding. It is desirable to mount
the present invention every two kilometers in view of the
continuance of the effect of the active water. By this way, good
quality of drinking water may be carried to a distant extremity in
a very simple manner.
By combining this with a simplified high efficiency hydroelectric
power generator or the like for generating electricity by
circulating water constantly through a flow path, a system that is
suitable for improvement of areas where electricity and water
circumstances are unfavorable may be created. An example is shown
in FIG. 29.
In FIG. 29, 801, 811 and 812 denote magnetic members according to
the present invention. First, river water or underground water
denoted as 810 is pumped up by a pump 802 and passed through a grit
chamber and filtering tank 809. It is then pumped up by a pump and
activated by the present invention 811 before being fed to a
sterilizing tank 808. It is there sterilized by chlorine dioxide or
ultraviolet ray to be fed by a pump 803 out to a transit tank 807.
Activation is carried out every two kilometers by the present
invention before feeding to the last distribution tank 805. In this
last distribution tank, 804 is circulated by a circulation pump and
activated through the present invention 812. 806 is a water outlet.
Activation may be carried out only in the last distribution tank if
no consideration is made for electricity consumption by the pumps
along the way and for enhancement of effects of sterilization.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 shows a front view of a liquid-cooled motor according to the
prior art.
FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the liquid-cooled motor
according to the prior art.
FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of a cooling system according
to the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows a first embodiment of arrangement of magnets according
to the present invention.
FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of arrangement of magnets
according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 shows a variant of the second embodiment of arrangement of
magnets according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment of arrangement of magnets and
far-infrared ray-generating stones according to the present
invention.
FIG. 8 shows a variant of the third embodiment of arrangement of
magnets and far-infrared ray-generating stones according to the
present invention.
FIG. 9 shows a fourth embodiment of arrangement of magnets and
far-infrared ray-generating stones according to the present
invention.
FIG. 10 shows a variant of the fourth embodiment of arrangement of
magnets and far-infrared ray-generating stones according to the
present invention.
FIG. 11 shows another variant of the fourth embodiment of
arrangement of magnets and far-infrared ray-generating stones
according to the present invention.
FIG. 12 shows another variant of the fourth embodiment of
arrangement of magnets and far-infrared ray-generating stones
according to the present invention.
FIG. 13 shows another variant of the fourth embodiment of
arrangement of magnets and far-infrared ray-generating stones
according to the present invention.
FIG. 14 shows a schematic illustration of a basic experimental
apparatus for examining the principle of the present invention.
FIG. 15 shows results of temperature rises in constant heating
experiments for tap water and treated water.
FIG. 16 shows treatment times in pumping-up experiments for tap
water and treated water.
FIG. 17 shows a schematic illustration of a heat exchange medium
system to which a magnetic member according to the present
invention is mounted.
FIG. 18 shows a schematic illustration of a heat exchange medium
system to which a magnetic member according to the present
invention is mounted.
FIG. 19 shows a schematic illustration of a drinking water
circulation system to which a magnetic member according to the
present invention is mounted.
FIG. 20 shows a schematic illustration of a drinking water
circulation system to which a magnetic member according to the
present invention is mounted.
FIG. 21 shows a reduction in electricity charges according to the
present invention.
FIG. 22 shows a reduction in electricity charges according to the
present invention.
FIG. 23 shows a reduction in gas charges according to the present
invention.
FIG. 24 shows a reduction in electricity consumption according to
the present invention.
FIG. 25 shows a reduction in kerosene expenses according to the
present invention.
FIG. 26 shows an improvement in surface activity of water according
to the present invention.
FIG. 27 shows a schematic illustration of a car wash to which a
magnetic member according to the present invention is mounted.
FIG. 28 shows a schematic illustration of a car wash to which a
magnetic member according to the present invention is mounted.
FIG. 29 shows a water pump-up system to which a magnetic member
according to the present invention is mounted.
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