U.S. patent number 3,923,227 [Application Number 05/531,444] was granted by the patent office on 1975-12-02 for tapered seal between the barrel and drum type magazine in a fastening element setting gun.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Hilti Aktiengesellschaft. Invention is credited to Elmar Maier.
United States Patent |
3,923,227 |
Maier |
December 2, 1975 |
Tapered seal between the barrel and drum type magazine in a
fastening element setting gun
Abstract
In a setting gun for driving fastening elements into a receiving
material, a barrel is axially displaceable into the bores in a
rotatable drum type magazine for placing the gun in the firing
condition. The rearward end of the bore in the barrel has a
rearwardly divergent tapered surface arranged to seat in matching
and contacting engagement with a similarly tapered surface within
the bore of the magazine so that the joint between the two tapered
surfaces extends in the rearward direction of the gun from the
interior of the barrel bore. Further, the outer surface of the
barrel at its rearward end is also tapered for matching engagement
with a similarly tapered surface in the adjacent end of the bores
in the drum type magazine.
Inventors: |
Maier; Elmar (Feldkirch-Tisis,
OE) |
Assignee: |
Hilti Aktiengesellschaft
(Schaan, FL)
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Family
ID: |
5900680 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/531,444 |
Filed: |
December 10, 1974 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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Dec 13, 1973 [DT] |
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2362073 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
227/8; 227/9 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B25C
1/12 (20130101); B25C 1/182 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B25C
1/12 (20060101); B25C 1/00 (20060101); B25C
1/18 (20060101); B25C 001/12 () |
Field of
Search: |
;227/8,9,10,11 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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211,511 |
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Mar 1967 |
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SW |
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500,781 |
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Nov 1954 |
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IT |
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Primary Examiner: Custer, Jr.; Granville Y.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Toren, McGeady and Stanger
Claims
I claim:
1. In an explosive charge driven fastening element setting gun
comprising a housing, a barrel with a bore therethrough having a
forward muzzle end and an oppositely directed rearward end, and
said barrel being axially displaceably mounted in said housing and
movable rearwardly through said housing into the firing position, a
drum type magazine mounted in said housing rearwardly of said
barrel, said magazine having a forward face extending transversely
of the axis of said barrel and facing toward the forward end of
said barrel and a rearward face facing in the opposite direction,
said magazine having bores therethrough extending in the axial
direction of said barrel and arranged to align with said barrel,
the rearward end of said barrel and the ends of said bores in said
drum adjacent the forward face thereof each have matching tapered
surfaces, wherein the improvement comprises that said matching
tapered surfaces include a first tapering surface in the rearward
end of the bore in said barrel and said first tapering surface
diverging toward the rearward end of the barrel, and a second
tapered surface formed within the bore in said magazine with said
second tapered surface facing outwardly relative to the axis of the
bore in the magazine and disposed inwardly from the surface forming
the bore, said second tapered surface converging in the direction
of the forward end of said barrel, said second tapered surface
arranged in matching relationship with said first tapered surface
so that said first and second tapered surfaces seat in
substantially contacting engagement with one another when said
barrel is displaced rearwardly into the firing position in one of
the bores in said drum with the substantially contacting surfaces
of said first and second tapered surfaces extending from the
interior of the bore in said barrel in the direction away from the
forward muzzle end of said barrel.
2. In an explosive charge driven fastening element setting gun, as
set forth in claim 1, wherein said second tapered surfaces are
wholly located rearwardly of the forward face of said magazine.
3. In an explosive charge driven fastening element setting gun, as
set forth in claim 2, wherein the surfaces forming the bores in
said drum extending from the forward face thereof have a third
tapered surface converging inwardly for a part of the length of the
bores toward the rearward face with the third tapered surfaces
being spaced radially outwardly from said second tapered
surfaces.
4. In an explosive charge driven fastening element setting gun, as
set forth in claim 3, wherein said barrel has a fourth tapered
surface formed on the outer surface of said barrel at its rearward
end with said fourth tapered surface converging in the direction
away from the forward end of said barrel, said third tapered
surface arranged in matching relationship with said fourth tapered
surface so that it forms a narrow annular gap therebetween when
said barrel is displaced rearwardly to the firing position.
5. In an explosive charge driven fastening element setting gun, as
set forth in claim 2, wherein a bushing is axially adjustably
positionable within each of the bores in said drum adjacent the
forward face of said drum, said second tapered surfaces being
formed on the outer surfaces of said bushing at the ends thereof
adjacent the forward face of said drum, said second tapered
surfaces in each said bore being spaced radially inwardly from the
third tapered surfaces formed by the surface of the bores.
6. In an explosive charge driven fastening element setting gun, as
set forth in claim 5, wherein the exterior surface of said bushings
is threaded rearwardly of the second tapered surfaces for providing
adjustable threaded engagement with the bores in said drum.
Description
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to an explosive charge driven
setting gun for inserting fastening elements into a receiving
material and includes an axially movable barrel displaceable into
the firing position by moving it into one end of a bore in a drum
type magazine and, more particularly, it concerns a tapered seal
provided between the rear end of the barrel and the front end of
the bore in the magazine.
Fastening element setting guns are known in which the end of the
barrel tapers downwardly toward its rearward end. Further, in such
setting guns using drum type magazines for accommodating the
cartridges, the face of the magazine directed toward the barrel is
provided with a countersunk portion having a taper which matches
the one on the barrel. When the barrel is displaced rearwardly for
placing the setting gun in the firing condition, the tapered
surface on the barrel is disposed in contacting engagement with the
countersunk tapered surface in the magazine. This abutting
connection, in addition to providing a centering effect, affords a
seal for the expansion chamber within the gun.
Experience has indicated that the seal provided by such an
arrangement is inadequate because the joint formed between the
contacting areas is oriented essentially in the flow direction of
the expansion gases on the one hand and, on the other hand, when
the barrel is replaced the taper on its outside surface is usually
damaged, seriously detracting from its sealing ability. As a
consequence, there is a considerable power loss, extensive
contamination of the setting gun and an increase in the noise level
generated by the gun.
Therefore, it is the primary object of the present invention to
provide an effective seal between the barrel and drum type magazine
in such a setting gun.
In accordance with the present invention, the problem previously
experienced is overcome by providing a tapered surface within the
bore in the barrel which converges in the driving direction of the
gun and a matching tapered surface within the bore in the drum type
magazine arranged to seat in contacting engagement with the tapered
surface in the barrel when the barrel is displaced rearwardly into
the firing position.
Due to the orientation of the tapered surfaces the direction of the
joint between them runs in the opposite direction to the flow of
the explosive gases within the barrel bore so that a substantially
better seal is provided by their contacting areas. Furthermore, by
providing the tapered surface within the bore of the barrel there
is the advantage that it is protected against mechanical damage due
to its location and thereby assures the required sealing
action.
The tapered surface within the magazine bore is provided by the
outer end surface of a bushing which is adjustably positionable
within the bore so that it does not project beyond the front face
of the magazine. This arrangement prevents the tapered end of the
bushing from projecting into the barrel bore which would interfere
with the rotation of the magazine for aligning another cartridge
containing bore with the barrel.
Preferably, the inner surface of the magazine bore spaced outwardly
from the bushing is enlarged for a portion of the bore extending
from the front face of the drum type magazine. Where drum type
magazines are used which must be removed from the setting gun for
reloading, the bushings and their tapered surfaces are protected
against possible mechanical injury.
Another advantage inherent in the arrangement of the outwardly
facing tapered surfaces within the magazine bores is that the
explosive gases escaping between the mutually tapered surfaces are
abruptly deflected in the reverse direction and, therefore, are
slowed down in passing through the gap between the rear end of the
barrel and the tapered wall surfaces of the end of the magazine
bore adjacent its front face. This arrangement affords a
considerably improved sealing action.
It is particularly advantageous if the surface of the bores within
the magazine taper outwardly in the driving direction and if the
outer surface on the rear end of the barrel has a correspondingly
tapered configuration so that the two surfaces are in matching
contacting engagement when the barrel is moved rearwardly to the
firing condition of the setting gun. This design eliminates any
problems involved in precentering the barrel relative to the drum
type magazine when the barrel is displaced into the firing
position.
Another advantage of the arrangement provided by the present
invention is the ability to adjust the space between the exterior
of the barrel and the interior of the tapered surface of the bore
in the magazine due to the axial adjustment of the bushing which is
tapered on its outside surface to match the tapered surface in the
interior of the bore of the barrel. Such adjustment can be provided
in a particularly simple manner by placing the bushings in threaded
engagement with the bore in the drum type magazine. Further, this
arrangement also insures that the matching tapers on the interior
of the barrel and in the bore of the drum type magazine reliably
rest against each other in the firing condition of the gun so that
the barrel is not supported by any other parts of the drum type
magazine.
If the bushings used within the bores in the magazine are made of
steel, the remainder of the magazine body may be formed of a
lighter material such as an aluminum alloy. A noteworthy weight
reduction can be obtained by such an arrangement as compared to the
use of solid steel magazines. However, other materials can be used
for the barrel and the bushing by which the sealing action as well
as the wear on the barrel and the magazine can be influenced
positively.
The various features of novelty which characterize the invention
are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and
forming a part of this disclosure. For a better understanding of
the invention, its operating advantages and specific objects
attained by its use, reference should be had to the accompanying
drawings and descriptive matter in which there is illustrated and
described a preferred embodiment of the invention .
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
FIG. 1 is a side view partly in section of an explosive charge
driven setting gun; and
FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial view of the setting gun shown in FIG.
1 with the parts of the setting gun displaced into the firing
condition.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In FIG. 1 the fastening element setting gun has a two-part housing
1. At the forward end of the setting gun a barrel 2 is axially
movably positioned within the housing. To limit the extent of its
axial movement, the barrel 2 has a flat or axially extending recess
3 in its outer surface into which a stop screw 4, extending through
the housing, is seated. A compression spring 5 is positioned about
the forward end of the barrel for displacing it in the axial
direction. At the forward end of the housing, a safety pin 6
secures a fragmentation protection cap 7 to the housing. At its
rearward end within the housing, the barrel has a tapered surface 8
within the barrel bore and another tapered surface 9 on the outer
surface of the barrel.
Immediately rearwardly of the rearward end of the barrel as shown
in FIG. 1, a chamber 11 is formed within the housing 1 to
accommodate a drum type magazine 13 mounted on a shaft 12 so that
the magazine is movable in the axial direction of the barrel.
Angularly spaced bores 14, 14a are provided in the drum type
magazine each arranged to contain a cartridge 15, 15a and a
nail-shaped fastening element 16, 16a, respectively. Axially
positionable bushings 17, 17a are disposed in threaded engagement
with the surfaces in the forward ends of the magazine bores 14, 14a
respectively. The leading ends 18, 18a of the bushings have a
frusto conical configuration and are spaced radially inwardly from
the juxtaposed surfaces of the magazine bore. The outside surface
19, 19a of each of the forward bushing portions 18, 18a has a
tapered surface arranged to match the tapered surface 8 within the
bore at the rearward end of the barrel 2. On one hand, to prevent
the forward portions 18, 18a of the bushings from projecting
forwardly of the front face 21 of the drum type magazine 13 and on
the other hand, to make it possible for the rearward end of the
barrel to seat over the forward portions 18, 18a of the bushings
17, 17a, annularly shaped open spaces 22, 22 a are provided
inwardly from the front face 21 of the magazine about the forward
portions 18, 18a of the bushings. The spaces 22, 22a are provided
by forming tapered surfaces 23, 23a within the magazine bores
diverging outwardly to the front face 21 of the magazine.
At the rearward end of the chamber 11, in alignment with the axis
of the barrel 2, is a firing pin 24 for igniting the cartridges
shown in the position of the cartridge 15. The firing pin is part
of a known firing mechanism and, therefore, has not been
illustrated in detail. Within a recess in the rear part of the
housing 1, a spring 25 biases a pressure bushing 26 toward the
forward end of the setting gun and the bushing also serves as a
support for one end of the shaft 12 on which the drum type magazine
is rotatably mounted. The spring 25 and bushing 26 bias the
magazine 13 forwardly and keep it out of the range of the firing
pin 24 when the setting gun is in the non-firing or inoperative
condition.
When the barrel 2 is displaced rearwardly from the position shown
in FIG. 1, by being pressed against a receiving material, it is
moved into the firing position with the tapered surface 8 within
the bore of the barrel disposed in matching contact with the
tapered surface 19 on the outer surface of the bushing so that a
seal is provided between the two tapered surfaces, note FIG. 2. The
joint formed between the tapering surfaces 8 and 19 extends from
the interior of the bore in the barrel rearwardly opposite to the
normal direction of flow of the explosive gases within the barrel,
that is, opposite to the driving direction of the setting gun. When
the barrel is in the firing position it is placed relative to the
drum type magazine 13 as shown in FIG. 2. An annular gap 27 is
formed between the outwardly facing tapered surface 9 on the
rearward end of the barrel 2 and the inwardly facing tapered
surface 23 within the magazine bore adjacent the forward face 21 of
the magazine. Any gases which are generated when a cartridge is
exploded and might possibly escape between the tapered surface 8 on
the barrel and the tapered surface 19 on the bushing are abruptly
deflected and slowed down by the annular gap 27 before leaving this
part of the setting gun in the direction of the arrows A. The
optimum size of the annular gap 27 is adjustable by moving the
bushing axially within the magazine bore. However, the forward end
of the bushing is retained rearwardly of the forward face 21 of the
magazine 13 so that it does not interfere with the rotation of the
magazine when a loaded bore is moved into alignment with the barrel
bore after a cartridge has been fired.
While a specific embodiment of the invention has been shown and
described in detail to illustrate the application of the inventive
principles, it will be understood that the invention may be
embodied otherwise without departing from such principles.
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