U.S. patent number 3,923,226 [Application Number 05/531,443] was granted by the patent office on 1975-12-02 for barrel and magazine alignment arrangement for a fastening element setting gun.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Hilti Aktiengesellschaft. Invention is credited to Elmar Maier.
United States Patent |
3,923,226 |
Maier |
December 2, 1975 |
Barrel and magazine alignment arrangement for a fastening element
setting gun
Abstract
An explosive charge driven fastening element setting gun
includes a barrel and a rotatable drum-type magazine both axially
displaceable within a housing. As the barrel is displaced into the
firing position it is arranged to seat into the aligned one of a
number of bores in the magazine. A location on each of the axially
extending surfaces of the barrel and magazine spaced axially from
the location of the other is disposed in clearance-free contact
with a surface within the setting gun while the remaining axially
extending surfaces of each are spaced radially from the juxtaposed
surfaces in the setting gun to provide lateral movement to assure
alignment between the barrel and the bores in the magazine when the
barrel is moved axially into the firing position.
Inventors: |
Maier; Elmar (Feldkirch-Tisis,
OE) |
Assignee: |
Hilti Aktiengesellschaft
(FL)
|
Family
ID: |
5900681 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/531,443 |
Filed: |
December 10, 1974 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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|
|
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Dec 13, 1973 [DT] |
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2362074 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
227/8; 227/9 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B25C
1/182 (20130101); B25C 1/12 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B25C
1/00 (20060101); B25C 1/18 (20060101); B25C
1/12 (20060101); B25C 001/12 () |
Field of
Search: |
;227/8,9,10,11 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Custer, Jr.; Granville Y.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Toren, McGeady and Stanger
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. In an explosive charge driven fastening element setting gun
comprising a housing having a front end facing in the firing
direction and a rear end facing in the opposite direction, said
housing having a first bore extending therethrough rearwardly from
the front end, a barrel axially displaceably mounted in said bore
in said housing, said barrel having a second bore extending
therethrough disposed in generally parallel relation with said
first bore and said second bore having a forward muzzle end facing
in the firing direction of the setting gun and on oppositely facing
rearward end, said housing forming a chamber rearwardly of the
first bore and disposed in communication with said first bore, said
chamber having a central axis disposed in generally parallel
relation with and disposed offset to the axis of the first bore in
said housing, a drum-type magazine axially displaceably mounted in
said chamber and also mounted for rotation about the central axis
of said chamber, said magazine having a plurality of angularly
spaced third bores therein disposed in generally parallel relation
with the central axis of the chamber and each of said third bores
being arranged for general alignment with the first bore in said
housing, said magazine having a front face extending transversely
of the central axis of said chamber and an oppositely directed rear
face, said barrel being displaceable from a non-firing position
with the rearward end of the second bore spaced forwardly of said
magazine to a firing position with the rearward end of the second
bore disposed in contact with the surface of said magazine
encircling the front end face of the bore in said magazine which is
disposed in general alignment with the first bore in said housing,
wherein the improvement comprises that at least one of said barrel
at its rearward end within said first bore and said drum-type
magazine at its front end within said chamber has a radial
clearance relative to said first bore and said chamber,
respectively.
2. In a explosive charge driven fastening element setting gun, as
set forth in claim 1, wherein each of said barrel and drum-type
magazine has a radial clearance relative to said first bore in said
chamber, respectively, and said barrel is supported in
clearance-free relation with the surface of said first bore in said
housing at a position spaced axially forwardly of the rearward end
of said first bore, and said magazine is supported in
clearance-free relation with said chamber at a position spaced
rearwardly from the front face of said magazine.
3. In an explosive charge driven fastening element setting gun, as
set forth in claim 2, wherein an axle extends through and generally
coaxial with the central axis of said chamber and said axle is
supported within said housing, said magazine is rotatably mounted
on said axle and is positioned thereon for slidable movement in the
axial direction, said magazine having a fourth bore therethrough
extending generally coaxially with said chamber and arranged to
receive said axle, the surface of said bore at a position spaced
rearwardly from the front end face of said magazine having a
radially inwardly directed projection disposed in clearance-free
contact with said axle.
4. In an explosive charge driven fastening element setting gun, as
set forth in claim 3, wherein said chamber has a rear face
extending transversely of its central axis and facing in the firing
direction of the setting gun toward the rear face of said magazine,
a projection formed on the rear face of said chamber extending
outwardly therefrom in the firing direction, said projection being
aligned with the first bore in said barrel and arranged to contact
the rear face of said magazine when it is displaced rearwardly
through said chamber.
5. In an explosive charge driven fastening element setting gun, as
set forth in claim 1, wherein the rearward end of said barrel and
the front face surface of said drum encircling each of said bores
having complementary formed conically-shaped surfaces arranged to
seat in contact with one another when said barrel is displaced
rearwardly into the firing position.
6. In an explosive charge driven fastening element setting gun, as
set forth in claim 5, wherein said complementary formed
conically-shaped surfaces in said barrel and on said magazine
comprise that the surface of said bore at its rearward end has a
first tapered surface diverging outwardly from the second bore
surface to the rearward end of the barrel and the front face
surface of said magazine encircling each of said third bores has an
axially extending outwardly facing second tapered surface
converging in the firing direction of the setting gun and formed
complementary to said first tapered surface.
7. In an explosive charge driven fastening element setting gun, as
set forth in claim 6, wherein said chamber having a forward end
face extending transversely of and located at the rearward end of
said first bore, said front face of said magazine has a portion
arranged to contact the forward end face of said chamber and the
ends of said second tapered surfaces located closer to the forward
end of said barrel are spaced rearwardly from the portion of said
front face of said magazine arranged to contact the forward end
face of said chamber to permit said drum-type magazine to rotate in
said chamber without having the forward ends encircling said second
bores becoming engaged within said first bore in said housing.
8. In an explosive charge driven fastening element setting gun, as
set forth in claim 3, wherein the end of said first bore at the
front end of said housing has an inwardly directed shoulder forming
an inwardly facing annular bearing surface with which the outer
surface of said barrel is disposed in clearance-free contact and
the remaining surface of said first bore rearwardly from said
shoulder being disposed in spaced relation to the outer surface of
said barrel.
9. In an explosive charge driven fastening element setting gun, as
set forth in claim 1, wherein first means are arranged in operative
association with said barrel for biasing the barrel in the firing
direction and second means are mounted in said housing rearwardly
of said chamber for biasing said drum-type magazine in the firing
direction.
Description
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to an explosive charge driven
fastening element setting gun in which a barrel and a drum-type
magazine are axially displaceable within a housing for movement
into the firing condition of the gun and, more specifically, the
barrel and magazine are supported within the housing for movement
transversely of the axial direction to assure proper alignment when
the setting gun is made ready for firing.
In fastening element setting guns which use a drum-type magazine
having a plurality of angularly spaced bores for cartridges and
fastening elements spaced radially outwardly from and in
substantially parallel relationship with the central axis of the
magazine, the bore through which the fastening elements are driven
consist of two sections, the one within the magazine and another
section in the barrel forwardly from the magazine. For reasons of
manufacturing tolerances, in known setting guns there has always
been a break or gap in the fastening element bore at the junction
between the barrel and the magazine or the two bore sections have
been axially displaceable relative to one another. Furthermore, the
joint between the barrel and the magazine has been rather loose and
does not provide an effective seal. As a result, on one hand, the
acceleration or penetration behavior of the fastening element is
uncontrolled and, on the other hand, due to the loss of the
propellent gases at the junction between the barrel and the
magazine, a considerable power loss occurs, there is noticeable
fouling of the gun and a great amount of noise is developed.
Therefore, it is the primary object of the present invention to
provide a bolt setting gun having a rotatable and axially
displaceable drum-type magazine where the alignment of the barrel
bore and the magazine bores is insured, independent of possible
manufacturing tolerances.
In accordance with the present invention, at least one of the
axially displaceable barrel and magazine is provided with a radial
clearance relative to the juxtaposed surfaces of the setting gun in
the range adjacent the ends of the barrel and the magazine which
interconnect when the gun is placed in the firing condition.
Due to the lateral displaceability of the barrel and/or the drum,
that is, their ability to move transversely of their axial
direction when they are interconnected the axes of the barrel bore
and the respective bore in the magazine are in alignment.
Accordingly, a controlled or defined acceleration or penetration
behavior of the fastening element is assured when it is driven into
a target material.
Preferably, the barrel and the magazine are each provided with a
location at which they are disposed in clearance-free contact with
the juxtaposed surface of the setting gun. These locations, one on
the barrel and the other on the drum-type magazine, are spaced
apart in the axial direction and also from the point at which the
barrel and drum contact when the setting gun is placed in the
firing condition. The remaining lateral surfaces of the barrel and
the magazine are provided with a radial clearance relative to the
juxtaposed surfaces of the setting gun. In this manner there is a
limited pivotal movement of each of the parts with the locations of
clearance-free contact forming fulcrums so that a maximum inclined
position of the barrel and magazine, required for the proper
alignment of their bore axes, is possible when the setting gun is
in the firing condition. It is irrelevant whether the magazine is
supported in clearance-free relationship by an axle extending
through the center of the magazine or on the surface of the chamber
within the gun housing in which the magazine is positioned.
Another feature of the invention is the provision of a projection
on the rear wall of the chamber containing the magazine so that the
projection faces in the firing direction of the setting gun. When
the drum is displaced axially into the firing position, its rear
end face contacts the projection on the rear wall of the chamber.
The projection assures that the magazine, which has its axis
inclined in relation to the central axis of the chamber, is not
caused to become aligned by contact with the walls of the chamber
which alignment would tend to cancel out the provision for the
alignment between the bores in the barrel and the magazine.
Another characteristic of the invention is the provision of
complementary frusto-conical or tapered surfaces on the rear end of
the barrel and the forward face of the magazine so that the two can
seat together and provide an effective seal. The complementary
tapered surfaces aid not only in centering the bores in the barrel
and the magazine, but also ensure enlarged sealing surfaces and an
effecting sealing joint. With this arrangement, the fouling of the
gun by explosive gas residues and the noise level emanating from
the gun are considerably reduced.
Preferably, the tapered surface is provided in the bore of the
barrel diverging outwardly opposite the firing direction with the
complementary tapered surface on the magazine being formed as an
outwardly directed surface arranged to seat within the tapered
surface in the barrel bore. Consequently, the tapered surface
within the barrel, which has a large sealing surface to provide an
optimum sealing effect, cannot be damaged if the barrel must be
removed from the gun, for example, for cleaning. In order to
protect the tapered sealing surfaces on the drum magazine they are
recessed rearwardly from the front face of the magazine so that it
is not possible that they are damaged during magazine rotation or
removal.
The various features of novelty which characterize the invention
are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and
forming a part of this disclosure. For a better understanding of
the invention, its operating advantages and specific objects
attained by its use, reference should be had to the accompanying
drawings and descriptive matter in which there is illustrated and
described a preferred embodiment of the invention .
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
In the drawing:
FIG. 1 is a side view, partly in section, of a fastening element
setting gun in the rest or non-firing position; and
FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 showing the setting gun in the
operative or firing position.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the drawing, a fastening element bolt setting gun is shown in
the firing position in FIG. 2 and in the non-firing position in
FIG. 1. The bolt setting gun includes a housing 1 containing a
first bore 2 at its forward or muzzle end containing a barrel 3
which is axially displaceable through the bore between the position
shown in FIG. 1 and that indicated in FIG. 2. While there is a
radial clearance between the barrel 3 and the surface of the first
bore 2 rearwardly of the muzzle end of the gun, the barrel is
mounted in clearance-free contact with the inwardly directed
shoulder 4 at the muzzle or front end of the first bore 2. As a
result, the shoulder 4 forms a fulcrum for the barrel 3 and permits
its axis to assume an inclined or angular position relative to the
axis of the first bore 2. At the rear end of the barrel, an inner,
conically-shaped or tapered surface 5 is provided coaxial with the
barrel axis. The tapered surface 5 diverges rearwardly from the
diameter of the bore to the rearward force of the barrel. To limit
the axial displacement of the barrel within the housing, a
circumferentially extending groove or recess 6 is provided in the
outer surface of the barrel and it is engaged by a stop screw 7
extending into the groove. Encircling the barrel at its forward
end, that is, on the portion of the barrel extending outwardly from
the muzzle end of the housing, is a compression spring 8 which
biases the barrel forwardly into its non-firing position. Mounted
on the forward end of the housing and extending therefrom in the
driving direction is a cap 11 held in position by means of a pin 9
for protection against splintering or fragmentation when a
fastening element is driven into a target material.
The housing 1 forms a chamber 13 rearwardly of the barrel into
which a drum-type magazine 12 is positioned. The magazine 12 has a
central bore 14 by which it is mounted on an axle 15 supported in
the housing. The magazine 12 is arranged to rotate on the axle 15
at a clearance-free bearing surface 16. As can be seen in the
drawing, the bearing surface 16 projects inwardly into contact with
the axle 15 while the remainder of the bore 14 is in radially
spaced relationship to the axle. Bores 17, 17a are located in the
magazine 12 and are disposed in generally parallel relationship to
but spaced radially outwardly from the central bore 14 and each of
the bores serves to hold a fastening element 18, 18a in its forward
end and a cartridge 19, 19a in its rearward end. In FIG. 1, the
magazine bore 17 is not disposed exactly parallel to the axis of
the barrel, but due to manufacturing inaccuracies it is disposed at
a slight angle to the axis of the central bore 14. The front face
of the magazine 12, that is, the face directed toward the forward
end of the setting gun, has an extension 21, 21a about each of the
outlets from the bores 17, 17a which is concentric to the axis of
the bore. The lateral surface of each of the extensions 21, 21a
forms an outwardly facing frustro-conical or tapered surface 22,
22a which is complementary to the inwardly directed tapered surface
5 in the rearward end of the barrel bore. The radially inner
surface 24 of the front face of the magazine is positioned
forwardly of the end faces 23, 23a of the extensions 21, 21a so
that the extensions do not become engaged in the housing bore 2
which would tend to hinder the rotation of the magazine 12.
To support the magazine 12 in the firing position, as shown in FIG.
2, a projection 25 is provided on the rear face of the magazine
chamber 13 in alignment with the barrel 3 in the forward end of the
housing 1. As can be seen more clearly in FIG. 1, the projection 25
extends forwardly from the remaining surface of the rear face
within the chamber 13.
Within the rear part of the housing, and extending through the
projection 25 for contact with the base of the cartridge 19 when
the magazine 13 is displaced rearwardly into the firing position,
is a firing pin 26. The firing pin is of a known type and is shown
only schematically. Centrally positioned in the rear face of the
chamber 13 is the combination of spring 27 and a pressure bush 28
which extends into contact with the rear face of the magazine 12.
Normally, the spring 27 and bush 28 displace the magazine 12
forwardly for safety reasons so that it is maintained out of the
range of action of the firing pin 26 when the setting gun is in the
inoperative or non-firing condition.
As mentioned above, FIG. 2 illustrates the operative or firing
condition of the setting gun. The forward or muzzle end of the
barrel is pressed against a target receiving material 29 and, as a
result, is displaced rearwardly into the housing 1 against the
biasing action of the compression spring 8 and also of the spring
27. When the barrel is displaced rearwardly, its rearward end
enters the chamber 13 and contacts the magazine 12 with the tapered
surface 5 within the barrel bore setting against the complementary
tapered surface 22 concentrically disposed about the bore 17 in the
magazine aligned with the barrel bore. Further, the rearward
movement of the barrel presses the drum-type magazine 12 rearwardly
until its rearward end surface encircling the rearward end of the
bore 17 contacts the projection 25 on the rear face of the chamber
13. It can be noted in FIG. 2, that though the axis of the barrel
and the axis of the magazine bore 17 are disposed obliquely to the
magazine axis, they have aligned themselves in a straight line. As
a result, the axis of the magazine 12 is disposed at a slight angle
to the axis of the chamber 13. The ability of the barrel bore and
the bore of the magazine to align with one another results from the
spaced locations at which the barrel and the magazine are in
clearance-free contact with the housing bore 2 and the axle 15,
respectively. Since the remaining outer surface of the barrel is
spaced radially inwardly from the bore 2 and the remaining surface
of the central bore 14 in the magazine 12 is spaced radially
outwardly from the axle 15, it is possible to achieve slight
angular deviations between the axis of the barrel or the magazine
as compared to the axis of the housing bore 2 or the axle 15,
respectively. The extent to which the axis of the magazine bore 17
is inclined or angularly displaced relative to the central axis of
the magazine determines the degree of angular displacement of the
barrel axis with respect to the axis of the housing bore 2. The
projection 25 on the rear face of the chamber 13 ensures that the
magazine 12 which has its axis disposed angularly to the axis of
the chamber 13 is not displaced by contact with the rear face of
the chamber so that the alignment of the barrel bore and the
magazine bore is not cancelled out.
While a specific embodiment of the invention has been shown and
described in detail to illustrate the application of the inventive
principles, it will be understood that the invention may be
embodied otherwise without departing from such principles.
* * * * *