U.S. patent number 3,913,319 [Application Number 05/222,853] was granted by the patent office on 1975-10-21 for low drag flameholder.
This patent grant is currently assigned to The Unites States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy. Invention is credited to Patrick H. Hall.
United States Patent |
3,913,319 |
Hall |
October 21, 1975 |
Low drag flameholder
Abstract
A flameholder formed of two streamlined bodies separated by a
gap forming acer. The combustible fuel fed upstream of the
flameholder fills the gap where it is ignited with the gap acting
as a piloting zone continuously igniting the flowing mixture which
is replenished.
Inventors: |
Hall; Patrick H. (China Lake,
CA) |
Assignee: |
The Unites States of America as
represented by the Secretary of the Navy (Washington,
DC)
|
Family
ID: |
22833981 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/222,853 |
Filed: |
February 2, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
60/749;
431/350 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F23R
3/20 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F23R
3/20 (20060101); F23R 3/02 (20060101); F02C
007/22 () |
Field of
Search: |
;60/39.72R,39.74R
;431/350 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Husar; C. J.
Assistant Examiner: Garrett; Robert E.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Sciascia; R. S. Miller; Roy Beers;
Robert F.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A flameholder for use in a combustor comprising:
First and second streamline paraboloidal shaped bodies each having
a vertex and an end surface portion;
cylindrical spacer having its diameter substantially smaller than
the diameter of said end portions and positioned between said first
and second bodies with the flat surface ends of said spacer in
contact with the end surface of the first and second bodies to form
a substantial gap therebetween;
a streamline strut attached to one of said bodies for holding said
flameholder in spaced relationship to the wall of a combuster with
the longitudinal axis of said flameholder parallel to air flow
through the combustor; and
a fuel conduit extending through said strut and through the axis of
at least one of said bodies to terminate at the vertex of said body
on the upstream side of the air flow;
whereby flow of fuel through the conduit exits into the air stream
at the vertex forming a combustible mixture that is carried over
the surface of the upstream body to the gap area to replenish the
mixture of gases within the gap establishing a stable recirculation
zone at a piloting flame.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention.
This invention pertains to flameholders for holding a piloting
flame in a combustor.
2. Description of the Prior Art.
In the past, recirculation zones for flameholding have been created
by the use of a bluff body. The bluff body has a separation and
recirculation zone in its near wake. The bluff body is a high drag
device and the size of the unconfined recirculation zone is
dependent on local flow conditions and is inherently unsteady due
to the nature of the vortex shedding.
The primary advantage of the invention is that the flameholding
zone is provided by a shape that is low in drag. The drag is low
because the gap is always filled, hence the mixture flow sees
essentially an aerodynamically smooth configuration. Since the
recirculation zone is constrained to be of a constant size, this
flameholder will operate over a wide range of flow conditions.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of this invention is to create a stable recirculation
zone to hold a piloting flame in a ramjet combustor.
The invention is a flameholder of a generally spheroidal
configuration formed of two streamlined bodies separated by a
gap-forming spacer. The combustible fuel which comes from upstream
of the flameholder fills the gap where it is ignited. The gap acts
as a piloting zone by continuously igniting the flowing fuel
mixture which is replenished by a scavenging process.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The FIGURE shows a side elevational view of the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The invention comprises forward and rearward streamlined bodies of
revolution 1 and 2, respectively, separated by spacer 3. This
results in a generally spheroidal configuration of the invention
with a gap between bodies 1 and 2. The flameholder is fastened to a
combustor wall by one or more streamlined struts 4. Fuel flows
through the strut via conduit 7, indicated by dashed lines, in the
direction of the arrows. The fuel is introduced into the combustor
through injector 6 in a direction opposite to the air flow.
The fuel mixes with the air in such a way that a combustible
mixture results. This mixture is carried down stream and fills the
gap or recirculation zone between bodies 1 and 2 where it is
ignited. As the fuel-air mixture flows over the gap a scavenging
process takes place at the boundary between the flowing mixture and
the stagnant gases in the gap thus replenishing the mixture that is
burned in the gap. The gap then acts as a piloting zone,
continuously igniting the flowing mixture and at the same time
being replenished by it.
* * * * *