U.S. patent number 3,912,309 [Application Number 05/458,818] was granted by the patent office on 1975-10-14 for lock for a door or the like.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Daempa A/S. Invention is credited to Jean Arnold Fischer, Knud Hansen Fynbo.
United States Patent |
3,912,309 |
Fischer , et al. |
October 14, 1975 |
Lock for a door or the like
Abstract
A door lock is disclosed as including a spring loaded bolt
displaceable in a casing between normal and retracted positions, an
actuating motor for affecting movement of the bolt by a connecting
rod therebetween, and a pawl blocking movement of the bolt relative
to the casing to define the normal position, and a reset slide for
freeing the pawl whereby the bolt is biased to its locked position.
In its locked position the bolt extends farther out of the casing
so as to prevent a forced opening of the door as by a tool and/or
deformation of the door frame.
Inventors: |
Fischer; Jean Arnold (Hjallese,
DK), Fynbo; Knud Hansen (Hjallese, DK) |
Assignee: |
Daempa A/S (Knarreborg,
DK)
|
Family
ID: |
8109591 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/458,818 |
Filed: |
April 8, 1974 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Apr 13, 1973 [DK] |
|
|
2032/73 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
292/167; 70/143;
292/1.5; 292/169.13; 292/335 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E05B
55/005 (20130101); E05B 15/0086 (20130101); Y10T
292/558 (20150401); Y10T 292/098 (20150401); Y10T
70/5381 (20150401); Y10T 292/0974 (20150401); Y10T
292/06 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
E05B
55/00 (20060101); E05B 055/00 (); E05C
001/16 () |
Field of
Search: |
;70/143
;292/167,169.13,335 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Craig, Jr.; Albert G.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: O'Brien & Marks
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A lock for a door or the like, comprising in combination
a casing,
a bolt slidably disposed in said casing and being movable between a
plurality of positions including a latched positionn, an extended
locked position and a retracted position,
actuator means operable for moving said bolt from the latched
position to the retracted position,
means urging said bolt toward its latched and locked positions,
releasable blocking means disposed between said casing and said
bolt limiting movement of said bolt relative to said casing to
define said latched position, and
reset means slidably disposed relative to said casing and said bolt
for releasing said blocking means whereby said bolt is
automatically moved to its locked position,
said bolt having a beveled end surface inclined between a pair of
flat surfaces, one of said flat surfaces projecting out of said
casing when said bolt is in its latched position, and both of said
flat surfaces projecting out of said casing when said bolt is in
its locked position, and
socket means located in the said one flat surface of said bolt and
wherein said releasable blocking means includes a pawl element
operatively disposed in said pocket means.
2. A lock as claimed in claim 1 wherein said bolt has abutment
means adjacent one of said flat surfaces for engaging said casing
to limit movement of said bolt outwardly of said casing and define
the locked position of said bolt.
3. A lock as defined in claim 1 wherein a coil spring is mounted in
compression in said pocket means and normally biases said pawl
element out of said pocket.
4. A lock as defined in claim 3 wherein said reset means includes a
slide element having a recess and wherein said pawl element has an
abutment end disposed in said recess when said bolt is in its
latched and locked positions, said abutment end of said pawl
element being moved out of said recess in response to movement of
said bolt relative to said slide element whereby said bolt is
extended to its locked position.
5. A lock as claimed in claim 4 wherein said actuator means
includes a rotor having a crank element, a connecting rod having
one end pivoted to said crank element, a ball and socket connecting
the other end of said rod to said bolt.
6. A lock as claimed in claim 5 wherein said urging means comprises
a flat spring having a fixed portion and a coil portion coiled in
tension around said rotor.
7. A lock as claimed in claim 6 wherein stop means between said
connecting rod and said casing defines the extended locked position
of said bolt.
8. A lock as claimed in claim 7 wherein said stop means comprises a
stop member fixed in said casing and a tooth element on said
connecting rod cooperates with said stop member.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention:
The present invention relates to a lock for a door or the like and,
in particular, to such a lock of the type having a spring biased
bolt which is released or actuated manually as by a knob, key,
etc.
2. Description of the Prior Art:
Conventional door locks of the biased bolt type generally include a
first bolt which has a beveled front edge and which is actuated by
a door knob, and a second bolt which is rectangular in cross
section having flat front face and which is actuated as by a key.
The purpose of the first bolt is to permit the door to be opened
and closed without a key as by door knobs or the like. The purpose
of the second bolt is to provide an independent lock for the door
which requires separate opening as by a key.
Other conventional door locks have incorporated a latching and a
locking feature into a single bolt wherein the locking feature is
accomplished by a mechanism that frees or locks the single bolt in
its latching position and then requires a separate key operation
for opening purposes.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is summarized in the combination of a lock
for a door or the like is constructed to include a casing, a bolt
slidably disposed in the casing and being movable between a
plurality of positions such as latched, locked and retracted
positions, actuator means operable for moving the bolt from the
latched position to the retracted position, means urging the bolt
toward its latched and locked positions, releasable blocking means
disposed between the casing and the bolt limiting movement thereof
relative to the casing to define the latched position, and reset
means slidably disposed relative to the casing and the bolt for
releasing the blocking means whereby the bolt is automatically
moved to its locked position.
An object of the present invention is to construct a door lock in a
relatively simple design capable of being economically manufactured
while at the same time being extremely reliable.
This invention has another object in that the latching and locking
functions of a door lock bolt are retained in a door lock having a
single bolt which is automatically moved between latched and locked
positions.
Another object of this invention is to extend the bolt of a door
lock from its latching position to a locking position whereby the
bolt provides a safety lock to preclude forced opening of a door as
by a tool or deformation of the door frame.
It is a further object of the present invention to construct a door
lock with an actuator in the form of a crank mechanism having a
connecting rod connected to the door bolt by means of a ball and
socket joint.
The present invention has yet another object in that the bolt of a
door lock has a safety lock position wherein movement in one
direction is prevented by a casing abutment and wherein movement in
an opposite direction is prevented by a connecting rod stop which
is freed by movement of a crank mechanism.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a side elevation with parts in section of a door lock
embodying the present invention and showing the components in a
bolt retracted position;
FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 showing the components in a bolt
latched position;
FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIGS. 1 and 2 but showing the
components in a blocking or locked position;
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal section taken at right angles through FIG.
2;
FIG. 5 is a partial end elevation as viewed from the right of FIG.
4; and
FIG. 6 is a partial view of FIG. 4 but showing the bolt in the
advanced locked position of FIG. 3.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In the embodiment shown in the drawing the lock for a door includes
a bar-shaped, cylindrical bolt casing 1 which can be inserted into
a hole or mortise bored in the front edge of a door, not shown, and
which has a front plate 2 that, when the lock is mounted, lies
flush with and is secured as by screws to the edge of the door. The
front plate 2 has a guiding hole for the bolt 3 of the lock, which
bolt 3 is substantially cylindrical with a diameter corresponding
to the internal diameter of the casing 1. At its foremost end, the
bolt 3 has a pair of side flat surfaces in the form of a plane
front 4 and a back 5 parallel thereto with a beveled end surface 6
inclined therebetween; as is shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, the inclined
end face 6 extends between such side surfaces 4 and 5.
An actuator mechanism includes a rotor 7 which is journalled in on
an axis which is at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the
casing 1 and which is provided with a non-round hole for the shaft
of any suitable manual handle or door knob (not shown). U.S. Pat.
application Ser. No. 340,583 filed Mar. 12, 1973, abandoned in
favor of Continuation application Ser. No. 441,601 filed Feb. 11,
1974 which is now U.S. Pat. No. 3,853,340 dated Dec. 10, 1974,
relates to a press-button-operated door lock in which, in some
embodiments, a crank mechanism is incorporated in the
movement-transmitting connection between the press button and the
bolt. In the lock according to the present invention it is also
possible to employ a press button for operating the rotor, but it
is equally possible to use the lock when it is provided with an
operating grip of some other kind, particularly ordinary,
bar-shaped door handles or rotatable knobs.
A spiral spring 8 is fitted around the actuator rotor 7 and is with
its free end 9 led out through and secured in a hole in an end
cover 10 in the bolt casing 1. This spiral spring 8 constantly
urges the actuator rotor 7 to rotate clockwise as viewed in FIGS.
1-3. The actuator rotor 7 is designed with a pair of flanges 11
serving as crank arms with a crank 12 which is connected to the
bolt 3 by a rigid connecting rod 13 having a ball head 14
accommodated in a corresponding ball seat in the rearmost end of
the bolt 3.
As is illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 6, a pocket 15 in the front
surface 4 of the bolt 3 is fitted with a pawl 16 that is normally
biased outwardly by a compression coil spring 17. The toe of the
panel 16 projects slightly in relation to the front surface 4 of
the bolt and thereby can enter into engagement with the inside of
the front plate 2 of the bolt casing, by which means the bolt 3 is
prevented from advancing further in relation to the bolt casing. In
this position the pawl 16 enters a recess 18 in a reset slide
member 19 which is accommodated displaceably in a surface track 20
in the front surface 4 of the bolt 3. The frictional conditions are
so adapted that the reset slide member 19 normally reciprocates
together with the bolt 3, but it may be spring-loaded in the
forward direction, that is to say towards its extreme end position
in the guiding track 20.
From its normal position, FIGS. 2 and 4, the bolt 3 can slide
inwards in the casing 1, either by the actuator rotor 7 being
rotated counter-clockwise from the position of FIG. 2 into the
position of FIG. 1 by means of a handle (not shown) or by a
pressure being exerted on the inclined end face 6 of the bolt when
the door is closed without the handle being used. During this
movmement of the bolt, the reset slide member 19 accompanies the
bolt, and such two parts as well as the pawl 16 consequently remain
in the position in relation to each other which they take up in
FIG. 4.
When the bolt 3 is brought into engagement with a striking plate
21, FIG. 6, the latter will retain the slide member 19 in the bolt
casing 1, so that the pawl, 16 slides up out of the recess 18 and
is by the front part of the slide member forced into the pocket 15.
In this position the pawl 16 can pass out through the hole in the
front plate 2 of the bolt casing and consequently permits the bolt
3 to jump forwards from the position in FIGS. 2 and 4 into the
position in FIGS. 3 and 6. The further advance of the bolt 3 is now
limited by the connecting rod 13 entering into engagement with a
stop 22 located in the bolt casing, and, as will appear from FIG.
3, a tooth 23 on the connecting rod will engage the stop 22 and
prevent a backwardly-directed movement of the connecting rod 13 and
thereby also of the bolt 3. The bolt 3 is thus held blocked in the
additionally advanced position, but the blocking is eliminated
immediately upon commencing rotation of the rotor 7
counter-clockwise as viewed in FIG. 3.
The construction is preferably so adapted that the releasable stop
or the pawl 16 secures the rotor 7 in the position of FIG. 2, in
which the crank 12 is located at a short distance from and on the
right-hand side of the vertical plane through the axis of the
rotor, while the second stop 22 limits the further rotation of the
rotor into the position of FIG. 3, in which the crank 12 is located
at a short distance below the horizontal plane through the axis of
the rotor. With such an arrangement, the travel of the bolt 3 from
the normal, latched position, FIGS. 2 and 4, into the additionally
advanced blocked or extended locked position, FIG. 3, can be of
almost the same order of magnitude as the travel from the retracted
position, FIG. 1, into the normal, latched position.
The casing 1 may be made of a simple length of tube, but in the
embodiment shown in the drawing it is constructed of two parts,
viz. a front part 1' and a rear part 1' (FIG. 1), which can rotate
180.degree. in relation to each other around the longitudinal axis
of the casing. The two parts 1' and 1" are interconnected by means
of a pin 24 which is located in the casing part 1' and engages a
slot, not visible in the illustrated cross-section, which extends
for a circular arc of 180.degree. in the part 1'. With the pin 24
located at one end of the slot the lock is intended to be used with
a right-handed door, while with the pin located at the other end of
the 180.degree. slot the lock can be used with a left-handed door.
It should be pointed out in this connection that the bolt 3 is
prevented from rotating in relation too the casing part 1', but due
to the ball head 14 it can be rotated in relation to the connecting
rod 13.
The largest dimension at right angles to the axis of the actuator
rotor constructed as a crank mechanism may be smaller than the
largest cross-sectional dimension of the bolt proper, and it will
therefore be possible to incorporate the actuator rotor with the
urging spring in a bar-shaped, cylindrical casing, the outer
dimensions of which are only slightly larger than the largest
diameter of the bolt. In such a case, the door lock can be mounted
in a particularly simple way, viz. by being simply inserted into a
hole or mortise which is bored in the front edge of the door and
which has a diameter corresponding to the external diameter of the
bolt casing. According to the present invention it is preferred
that in the latched and retracted positions of the bolt 3, the
crank 12 of the rotor 7 is located on one and the same side of a
first plane which contains the axis of the rotor and which is
parallel to the direction of displacement of the bolt 3, and is
located on the sides respectively facing towards and away from the
bolt of a second plane which contains the axis of the rotor 7 and
is at right angles to the first plane. Such first plane may be
viewed as a horizontal plane including the axis of rotor 7 and the
longitudinal axis of the casing 1; the second plane may be viewed
as a vertical plane including the axis of rotor 7 and a vertical
axis of the casing intersecting the rotor axis. In the position
corresponding to the latched position of the bolt, the rotor 7 is
secured by a releasable stop 16 which upon release permits a
further, spring-actuated turning, by which the crank 12 passes the
said first plane, but remains on the same side of the said second
plane.
As long as the stop 16 is not released, that is to say when it is
in its active position, it will prevent the bolt 3 from advancing
further from its latched position, and the inclined face 6 of the
bolt 3 will, when the door is closed, without being actuated by the
rotor 7 cause the bolt 3 to be displaced backwards in the casing 1
while overcoming the load of the spring 8. Consequently, the door
is able to latch in the normal manner. However, this should not be
the case when the bolt is in its safety or extended locked
position, and the stop 16 would therefore not be released until the
door is closed. In the preferred embodiment of the lock according
to this invention, such release can be ensured automatically by the
releasable stop being constituted by the pawl 16 which is located
in the bolt 3 and which is spring-loaded towards its active
position (FIG. 4) in which, by abutting against the plate 2 of the
casing 1, it prevents a further advance of the bolt 3 from its
latched position; the pawl 16 is movable into a released position
against the bias of spring 17 so that it clears the casing plate 2,
and such pawl is guided by the reset slide member 19 which is
displaceable in a surface track 20 in the bolt 3. In its latched
position, the bolt 3 extends out of the casing 1 and includes the
recess 15 making room for the advance of the pawl when the reset
slide abuts the striking plate 21 upon closure of the door. The
reset slide member 19 will during the closing of the door accompany
the bolt during its backward movement, that is, movement inwardly
in the casing, but when the bolt 3 is again advanced under the
spring load and thereby the associated striking plate 21, the
latter will retain the reset slide member 19 in the casing and
thereby cause the pawl 16 to be retained in the bolt, so that the
bolt 3 can advance a further extended distance in relation to the
casing 1 and the striking plate 21. In this situation, viz. when
the stop formed by the pawl has been released, that is, is in its
inactive position, the second stop 22 limits the further rotation
of the rotor 7, and this second stop expediently co-operates with
the tooth 23 on connecting rod 13 in such a way that is prevents a
backward displacement of the connecting rod and thereby of the bolt
3. Consequently, the bolt 3 is secured effectively in the
additionally advanced position or extended locked position until
the connecting rod 13 once more clears the second stop 22 as by
actuation of the rotor 7.
The present invention has the particular advantage of accomplishing
an automatic locking operation by the simple and economical
construction of the reset slide member 19. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2,
4 and 5, the reset slide member 19 slides with the bolt 3 relative
to the casing 1. As is shown in FIG. 6, the reset slide member 19
abuts the striking plate 21 and causes the pawl 16 to be reset from
the recess 18 into the pocket 15 whereby the bolt 3 moves relative
to the reset slide member 19 to its extended locked position. A
suitable handle, bar, key or shaft is then utilized to turn the
rotor 7 counterclockwise as viewed in FIG. 3 whereupon the
connecting rod tooth 23 is moved slightly forward of the stop 22 to
be released therefrom and the connecting rod 13 is moved rearwardly
causing the bolt 3 to follow. When the bolt 3 is thus moved to its
retracted position (FIG. 1), the pawl 16 will be automatically
reset into the recess 18 by the bias of the coil spring 17. Upon
release of the handle, the flat spring 8 will cause rotation of the
rotor 7 whereby the components are automatically returned to the
normal or latched position of FIGS. 2 and 4.
Inasmuch as the present invention is subject to many modifications,
reversal of parts and changes in details, it is intended that all
matter contained in the foregoing description or shown on the
accompanying drawing shall be interpreted as illustrative and not
in a limiting sense.
* * * * *