U.S. patent number 3,897,712 [Application Number 05/431,683] was granted by the patent office on 1975-08-05 for plastic headed fastener assembly.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Textron Inc.. Invention is credited to Daniel A. Black.
United States Patent |
3,897,712 |
Black |
August 5, 1975 |
Plastic headed fastener assembly
Abstract
The fastener assembly includes a metal fastener and a plastic
cap and can be installed in the assembled condition. The metal
fastener includes a shank, a metal head and normally an integral
metal washer therebetween. The head has a plurality of faces
recessed by longitudinal arcuate grooves. The plastic cap has a
plurality of side faces formed to matingly engage with the metal
head. The side faces include a plurality of longitudinal slots
which align with the ungrooved portion of the metal head so that in
an assembled position the plastic cap is keyed into the grooves and
the ungrooved portion forms exposed wrench engaging surfaces.
Inventors: |
Black; Daniel A. (Pleasant
Hills, PA) |
Assignee: |
Textron Inc. (Providence,
RI)
|
Family
ID: |
23712992 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/431,683 |
Filed: |
January 9, 1974 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
411/373; 411/959;
411/533 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F16B
37/14 (20130101); F16B 23/003 (20130101); Y10S
411/959 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F16B
37/14 (20060101); F16B 37/00 (20060101); F16B
23/00 (20060101); F16B 023/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;85/9R,1JP,53,55,54,45
;151/37 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
916,162 |
|
Jan 1963 |
|
GB |
|
991,961 |
|
May 1965 |
|
GB |
|
1,159,640 |
|
Jul 1969 |
|
GB |
|
608,864 |
|
Sep 1960 |
|
IT |
|
Primary Examiner: Britts; Ramon S.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Webb, Burden, Robinson &
Webb
Claims
I claim:
1. A two piece fastener assembly suitable for installation in the
assembled condition comprising:
A. a metal fastener including a shank extending from a metal head,
said head having a plurality of faces, each face including a
longitudinal groove and a remaining ungrooved portion; and
B. a plastic cap having a top surface and a plurality of side faces
matingly engaging the metal head and including a plurality of
longitudinal slots extending entirely through the side faces
aligned with the ungrooved portions, said ungrooved protions
projecting through the slots to define exposed metal wrench
engaging surfaces, and a plurality of inwardly extending flutes on
the plastic cap keyed into the grooves.
2. A multiple piece fastener assembly suitable for installation in
the assembled condition comprising:
A. a metal fastener including an integral head, washer and a
threaded shank, said head having a plurality of joined faces, each
face having a longitudinal groove intermediate the ends thereof and
extending to the washer to form a keyway portion and a wrench
engaging portion on either side of the keyway portion; and
B. a plastic cap including a head having a solid top and side face
terminating in an annular surface having a flange extending normal
therefrom, said head including a recess matingly engaging the
fastener head and forming a plurality of longitudinal keys
extending radially inwardly into the respective grooves and
longitudinal slots extending entirely through the flange the wrench
engaging portions projecting through the slots to define exposed
metal wrenching portions, the annular surface and flange covering
the washer.
3. The assembly of claim 2 wherein the plastic flange is
dimensioned to extend beyond the metal washer and a plastic washer
is positioned on the shank adjacent the metal washer in push fit
engagement with the extended flange.
4. The assembly of claim 2 wherein the metal head includes six
faces in hex head configuration, at least 50 percent of each face
defined by the groove and each slot exposing apicies formed by
joined metal faces.
5. The assembly of claim 2 including a washer frictionally engaging
the shank and positioned adjacent the fastener washer.
6. The assembly of claim 3 wherein an annular lip extends radially
inward from the plastic flange containing the plastic washer in
assembled relationship.
7. The assembly of claim 6, said plastic washer recessed at its
periphery to lock with the annular lip.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
My invention relates to fasteners and, more particularly, to a
plastic cap and metal fastener assembly suitable for installation
in the assembled condition.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
Many plastic covers, caps and integral plastic fastener heads have
been developed for utilization with metal siding, much of which is
prefinished so that the exposed fastener head must color match the
siding. The plastic head furnishes this aesthetic requirement and
provides a certain amount of corrosion protection. The presently
employed integral plastic fastener heads are sometimes bulky by
necessity to gain resistance to strip torque. In general, the
integral plastic headed fasteners require difficult and precise
molding techniques to manufacture. In addition, the integral
plastic heads frequently fail since the power fastener tools deface
or loosen the plastic portion of the head. Plastic caps and covers
are employed in which the fastener is installed without the cap or
cover and it is thereafter positioned on the fastener head. Such an
operation requires an additional labor step to place the caps or
covers on the installed fasteners. In addition, inventories must
include both fasteners and caps. The plastic caps and fasteners
installed separately do have the advantage over the integral
plastic headed fasteners that they are easier and less expensive to
manufacture since the molding tolerances and techniques are
substantially less. Such fasteners intended for building siding and
roofing are often utilized with a sealing type washer assembled on
the shank and the washer is subject to damage by steel burrs and
sharp edges. Thumb screws and knobs are available with plastic caps
which are installed by driving the cap on the fastener so as to
shear a portion of the cap into tight frictional engagement with
fastener. However, such fastener assemblies do not withstand high
torques and, of course, a building erector would be unwilling to
drive each plastic cap with a hammer prior to installation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
My invention solves the aforementioned problems by combining the
single installation advantages of an integral plastic headed
fastener with the advantages of manufacturing techniques associated
with the cap and fastener assemblies utilized heretofore and
installed in two steps. My invention also eliminates the bulkiness
of the fastener head thereby reducing both metal and plastic
material requirements. In addition, my fastener assembly has
torquing capabilities commensurate with a metal fastener head. My
fastener can also be used with an integral washer to eliminate
washer damage as described heretofore.
My invention is a multi-piece fastener assembly including a metal
fastener having a shank, a metal head and normally an integral
washer therebetween. The metal head has a plurality of faces
recessed in grooves to form keyways with the ungrooved portion of
the faces forming the wrench engaging surfaces. The plastic cap is
recessed to matingly engage with the metal head and includes a
plurality of ribs which engage the keyways and a plurality of
clear-through slots which align with and expose the wrench engaging
surfaces of the metal. An integral plastic washer can be added to
the fastener assembly and retained thereto by the plastic cap.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
FIG. 1 is an exploded elevation of the fastener assembly;
FIG. 2 is an elevation of the fastener assembly in assembled
relationship;
FIG. 3 is an isometric of the plastic cap;
FIG. 3a is a bottom elevation of the plastic cap;
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the metal fastener;
FIG. 5 is a section through the fastener assembly employing a
plastic washer;
FIG. 6 is a section through a further embodiment of the assembly
illustrated in FIG. 5; and
FIG. 7 is a section through my fastener assembly including a
standard composite washer.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
My fastener assembly, generally designated 10, includes a fastener
12 made of metal and a plastic cap 14, FIG. 1. The fastener 12
includes a shank 16 having a plurality of threads 18 thereabout and
terminating in a point 20. Adjacent the shank 16 is washer 22 and
extending from washer 22 is head 24. The head 24 is constructed in
principle to resemble a hex head but each side actually includes a
longitudinal groove 26 extending to the washer 22 and wrench
engaging surfaces 28 on either side of the groove 26. This gives
the head 24 a fluted appearance since the grooves 26 normally cover
more surface area than the wrench engaging surfaces 28 adjacent the
groove 26, FIG. 4. As will be seen hereinafter, the grooves 26 act
as keyways for the plastic cap. The surfaces 28 of adjacent faces
actually merge into one another so that the surfaces 28 are formed
at the apicies of the intersecting faces.
The plastic cap 14 includes a solid top surface 32, side faces 34
of which there are six, and an annular surface 30 having an annular
flange 38 extending from the periphery thereof to accommodate the
metal washer 22, FIG. 3. The cap 14 is constructed to matingly
engage with the head 24 and the washer 22 of the metal fastener 12.
Specifically, each side face 34 includes a longitudinally extending
rib or flute 46 which extends radially inward and acts as the key
for the grooves 26 formed in the metal head 24, FIG. 3a. Adjacent
each flute 46 is a longitudinal slot 36 which extends clear through
the plastic and which aligns with the exposed wrench engaging
surfaces 28 of head 24, FIGS. 2 and 3. Therefore, in assembled
condition, metal surfaces remain exposed for gripping by the
driving tool.
My fastener assembly 10 can include a third component, namely
plastic washer 42. Plastic washer 42 is push fit into engagement
with annular flange 38 of the plastic cap 14 which in this
embodiment is extended beyond the thickness of washer 22, FIG. 5.
This push fit can be further secured by means of lip 40 which
extends radially inward from annular flange 38 and which then
accommodates mating recess 44 in plastic washer 42 after the
plastic washer 42 is push fit into place, FIG. 6.
The integral washer 42 is retained by the plastic cap 14 instead of
the fastener shank 16 and a space 54 is provided between the shank
16 and the washer 42. Space 42 accommodates the sharp edges and
burrs of the workpiece and still permits extrusion of the plastic
washer when subjected to high compression.
My fastener assembly 10 can also be employed with standard washers
as illustrated in FIG. 7 where a standard composite washer 48
includes a dome-shaped metal backing 50 and a thermoplastic work
engaging section 52 bonded to the metal backing 50. Such a washer
is held in place through the frictional engagement of the washer
with the threads 18 along shank 16.
The torquing capabilities of my fastener assembly have been tested
in conjunction with metal fasteners and several presently employed
integral plastic headed fasteners and plastic cap assemblies. The
results, which represent the average of five independent tests, are
set forth in Table 1.
TABLE 1
__________________________________________________________________________
Torque Required For Failure Part No. Description Strip Torque (in.
lb.) Nature of Failure
__________________________________________________________________________
1 No. 14 .times. 3/4" C. steel cad. plated screw, 3/8" hex head 212
Threads stripped 2 No. 14 .times. 3/4" C. steel cad. plated, 83
Plastic corners failed nylon plastic 7/16" hex head 3 No. 12
.times. 3/4" C. steel cad. plated, 63 Plastic corners failed nylon
plastic 3/8" hex head 4 No. 14 .times. 3/4" C. steel cad. plated,
15 Plastic corners of cap failed 3/8" hex head, 7/16" plastic cap 5
No. 14 .times. 1" C. steel cad. plated, 5 Plastic corners of cap
failed 5/16" hex head, 3/8" plastic cap 6 No. 14 .times. 3/4" C.
steel cad. plated, 200 Threads stripped 3/8" head of invention
__________________________________________________________________________
From Table 1 it can be seen that the fastener assembly of the
invention, Part No. 6, had a strip torque capability about
equivalent to the standard screw, Part No. 1, with a metal head and
both fasteners failed in torque by stripping the threads along the
shank. The integral plastic headed fasteners, Part Nos. 3 and 4,
achieved failure at applied torques up to 41.5 percent of the
stripping torque of the subject invention and failure occurred when
the plastic corners of the integral plastic head failed. The
standard snap-on plastic caps were installed in the assembled
condition, Part Nos. 4 and 5, and failure occurred at applied
torques of 15 inch pounds or less as the corners of the plastic cap
failed. It can, therefore, be seen that fastener assemblies of the
subject invention can attain torquing capabilities of a standard
metal fastener while providing the advantages of a plastic headed
fastener without the complex molding and manufacturing techniques
currently associated therewith.
* * * * *