U.S. patent number 3,897,345 [Application Number 05/398,348] was granted by the patent office on 1975-07-29 for high strength low attenuation couch top.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Atomic Energy of Canada Limited. Invention is credited to Melvin Lewis Foster.
United States Patent |
3,897,345 |
Foster |
July 29, 1975 |
High strength low attenuation couch top
Abstract
In the diagnosis of tumours and the like, particularly by means
of X-ray radiographs and the gamma therapy of such afflicted
patients' difficulties have been encountered with prior known
stretchers due to the excessive attenuation of the X-rays and the
gamma ray because no suitable structural material of low cost has
been discovered. Beryllium sheet, wood and plastic sheet are all
suitable, but beryllium is costly; wood and plastic structures of
sufficient transparency tend to deflect excessively. These prior
difficulties have been further magnified when the X-ray beam has
been projected obliquely to the plane of the stretcher. The present
invention provides a relatively low cost structure having a greatly
enhanced strength to weight ratio and a lower transparency to
X-rays. The latter feature resulting in lower radiation dose to the
patient than previously possible.
Inventors: |
Foster; Melvin Lewis (Ottawa,
CA) |
Assignee: |
Atomic Energy of Canada Limited
(Ottawa, CA)
|
Family
ID: |
4097366 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/398,348 |
Filed: |
September 18, 1973 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
Current U.S.
Class: |
378/208 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61B
6/0442 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61B
6/04 (20060101); G03b 041/16 () |
Field of
Search: |
;250/439,444,445,446,447,448,449,450,451,456 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Lawrence; James W.
Assistant Examiner: Church; C. E.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Browne, Beveridge, DeGrandi &
Kline
Claims
The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or
privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
1. A diagnostic stretcher, substantially transparent to
X-radiation, with an attenuation equivalent to less than 1 mm of
aluminum when subject to X-rays of 90 kvp passed normal through the
said stretcher, said stretcher comprising:
i. an outer skin of carbon or graphite fibres in epoxy matrix, said
skin having a configuration of a long thin and substantially flat
board suitable for receiving a patient thereon and for cantilevered
mounting on a stand, and
ii. a rigid polyurethane foam core within said skin, said skin and
core being bonded together.
2. A diagnostic stretcher in accordance with claim 1 wherein said
outer skin additionally includes organic fibres.
Description
This invention relates to lightweight structures having low
transparency to photons. The invention has particular, but not
exclusive, utility when applied to diagnostic and therapy
stretchers.
Prior known diagnostic stretchers have been made of a variety of
materials, the most sophisticated of which have utilised a
glass-fibre reinforced polyester shell around a polyurethane foam
core. The attenuation of such stretches to X-rays of about 90 kvp
has been found equivalent to about 3mm of aluminum. New regulations
require diagnostic and therapy stretchers to have an attenuation
not to exceed that obtained with 1mm of aluminum.
The present invention makes use of graphite fibres, alone or in
combination with organic fibres in a plastics resin matrix as a
skin around a rigid polyurethane foam or other foamed plastics core
to provide a sandwich constructed couch suitable for supporting
patients for examination on a rotational therapy simulator and yet
having a uniform transparency to X-rays in such a manner as to
permit examination of the patient by the X-ray passing through the
patient and the supporting structure while using reduced doses of
X-rays.
It is a feature of one object of the invention to provide a
diagnostic or therapy stretcher which has high strength to weight
ratio and high flexural rigidity.
It is a feature of another object of the invention to provide a
diagnostic or therapy stretcher wherein the structure has a
relatively high and uniform transparency to X-rays and gamma
rays.
It is a feature of yet another object of the invention to provide a
diagnostic or therapy stretcher which is particularly advantageous
in enabling a beam of X-rays to be directed to the plane of the
stretcher at an oblique angle without presenting a substantial
variation in the transmission of X-rays.
In accordance with the aforementioned features the invention in its
broadest aspects comprises graphite or carbon fibres alone or in
combination with organic fibres disposed in an epoxy matrix to form
a skin around and bonded to a rigid polyurethane foam core thereby
defining a sandwich construction.
The invention will now be described with reference to the
accompanying drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is an isometric drawing, partially sectioned view of a
diagnostic stretcher, and
FIG. 2 is a base for receiving the stretcher shown in FIG. 1.
Referring now to FIG. 1, the diagnostic stretcher is generally
indicated at 1 and comprises an outer skin 10 formed of carbon
(graphite) fibres alone or in combination with PRD-49 organic
fibres manufactured by Dupont (Trademark). The fibres are formed in
an epoxy matrix to form a skin around and bonded to a rigid
polyurethane foam core 12 to provide a structure of sufficient
thickness to support a patient in a cantilevered position and
suitable for examination on a rotational therapy simulator yet
possessing a relatively high and uniform transparency to X-rays so
as to meet the attenuation requirements of the regulations.
Integrally bonded to the bottom surface of tray 10 is a sheetlike
rigid tray 13. Tray 13 extends longitudinally over only a minor
portion of the stretcher 1 and slidably cooperates with a
channel-shaped carrier 14 suitably mounted on the top surface
2.sup.a of the support base 2. While forming no part of the present
invention, tray 13 may be slidably secured to carrier 14 by a
plurality of mushroom head bolt members 15, or any other
conventional fastening members. In any event, stretcher 1 is
supported in cantilever fashion by base 2. The improved performance
of the stretcher is the result of using high-strength, high-modulus
fibres having relatively high transparency to X-rays and gamma rays
which permit the using of less material to achieve the desired
structural stiffness. As mentioned above, this results in a
stretcher having X-ray attenuation less than that obtained by
passing X-rays of about 90 kvp through 1 mm of aluminum.
The invention enables the construction of a couch of desirable
cross-section (i.e. width, depth and shape) which benefits from
three essential properties of fibres, that is, high-strength,
high-modulus and high transparency to X-rays.
The invention further provides for reduced attenuation to X-rays
and gamma rays which is achieved by using less material to absorb
such X-rays and gamma rays and by using a material which is more
transparent to X-rays.
Other embodiments of the invention falling within the terms of the
appended claims will occur to those skilled in the art.
* * * * *