U.S. patent number 3,894,472 [Application Number 05/386,638] was granted by the patent office on 1975-07-15 for bullet proof protective armor.
Invention is credited to Richard C. Davis.
United States Patent |
3,894,472 |
Davis |
July 15, 1975 |
Bullet proof protective armor
Abstract
A bullet-proof protective armor formed of a flexible support
sheet having a large number of equal size, approximately square,
flat metal plates secured upon the opposite faces of the sheet. The
plates on each sheet face are arranged in a checkerboard pattern,
that is, corner to corner, with a plate size space between each
group of adjacent plates. The checkerboard pattern of the plates on
one face of the sheet are reversely arranged relative to the
pattern on the opposite face of the sheet. Thus, the plates on one
face of the sheet are aligned with and overlap the spaces formed
between the plates on the opposite face of the sheet. Flexible
cover sheets are adhesively secured to the exposed faces and edges
of the plates and the exposed portions of the support sheets to
secure the plates to the support sheets and permit flexing of the
armor.
Inventors: |
Davis; Richard C. (Romulus,
MI) |
Family
ID: |
25768510 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/386,638 |
Filed: |
August 8, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
89/36.02; 2/2.5;
428/911; 89/36.05 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B32B
15/08 (20130101); F41H 5/0457 (20130101); B32B
15/14 (20130101); B32B 7/12 (20130101); Y10S
428/911 (20130101); B32B 2571/00 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F41H
5/04 (20060101); F41H 5/00 (20060101); B32b
003/18 () |
Field of
Search: |
;109/79,81,82,83,49.5
;2/2.5 ;161/36,38,404 ;89/36D |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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|
|
|
|
|
|
146,690 |
|
Jul 1936 |
|
OE |
|
915,345 |
|
Jan 1963 |
|
GB |
|
Primary Examiner: Schulz; William E.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Cullen, Settle, Sloman &
Cantor
Claims
Having fully described an operative embodiment of this invention, I
now claim:
1. A protective armor comprising a flexible support sheet and a
plurality of approximately equal size, flat, relatively small metal
plates arranged upon the opposite faces of the sheet;
the plates being arranged in a checkerboard pattern upon each of
the opposite faces of the sheet, each checkerboard pattern
including adjacent metal plates in a corner-to-corner relationship
with open spaces between edges of adjacent plates, with the pattern
of the plates on one face of the sheet being reversed to the
pattern of the plates on the opposite face of the sheet;
said plates on one sheet face filling the spaces on the opposite
sheet face with the edges of the plates on one sheet face aligned
with the edges of the plates on the opposite sheet face without the
plates on one sheet face overlapping onto the plates on said
opposite sheet face;
and means for securing each of the plates to the support sheet,
wherein the armor may be bent and flexed along the edges of each of
the plates and each of the plates is movable relative to the other
plates.
2. A protective armor as defined in claim 1, and said means for
securing the plates comprising flexible cover sheets arranged upon
and overlapping and adhesively secured to the exposed faces and
edges of the plates and the exposed portions of the support
sheet.
3. A protective armor as defined in claim 2, and such cover sheets
being formed of wide strips of a plastic sheeting having an
adhesive applied to one face thereof.
4. A protective armor as defined in claim 2, and each plate being
otherwise free of direct securement to the support sheet.
Description
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
Various types of bullet-proof armors, such as so-called
bullet-proof vests or "flack jackets" have been utilized in the
past. Many have included metal plates, in some instances joined
together by or secured upon or within various cloth materials.
However, prior armors of this type have been very heavy, bulky,
awkward to wear, too stiff to comfortably conform to the wearer's
body, and of limited bullet or fragment stopping capacity.
Thus, the invention herein relates to an improvement of such type
armor which obviates many of the prior problems associated
therewith, and which may be used as a separate body worn armor or
as an insert within cloth-like types of armor such as is disclosed
in my prior application, Ser. No. 251,077, filed May 8, 1972, now
U.S. Pat. No. 3,783,449.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
The invention herein contemplates forming a flexible body armor out
of a central support sheet having equal size flat plates secured to
the opposite faces of the sheet, with the plates arranged in a
checkerboard pattern. The pattern of the plates on one face are the
reverse of the pattern on the opposite face, so that together, and
on opposite faces of the sheet, the plates completely cover the
area to be protected with a single layer of plates. With this
construction, the armor is quite flexible and the individual plates
are relatively movable, to some limited degree, for better
absorbing the forces of impacts.
The armor formed here may be used as a sheet sized to protect the
wearer's body or portions thereof or may be formed as inserts to be
fitted in other body worn supports or may be used for protection of
inanimate bodies or articles. This construction forms a relatively
lightweight, flexible, relatively inexpensive and effective
protection against bullets and fragments and the like.
These and other objects and advantages of this invention will
become apparent upon reading the following description of which the
attached drawings form a part.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is an elevational view of an armor sheet formed in the shape
of an inverted T for protection of the front and sides of a human
torso.
FIG. 2 is a side elevational view of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2, but showing the armor in a bent
or flexed position.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged, fragmentary, cross-sectional view of a
portion of the armor.
FIG. 5 is a further enlarged fragment of a portion of the
armor.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view illustrating the positioning of the
metal plates upon the support sheet.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The protective armor, generally designated 10, may be formed in a
shape suitable to be worn upon the torso of a person, as for
example, in a rectangular shape, or inverted T-shape, as
illustrated in FIG. 1, for protection of parts of the sides of the
torso. The size and overall shape may vary depending upon the use
desired.
The armor is made of a flexible support sheet 11 upon whose
opposite surfaces metal plates 12 are positioned. The support sheet
may be made of a suitable fabric or cloth-like material which is
flexible and yet sufficiently strong for the purpose. An example of
a suitable material is a woven nylon cloth formed of a heavy gauge,
linearly oriented, nylon thread, of 1,050 denier approximately,
with a tight, close weave. Other similar cloths may be found which
are strong, relatively lightweight, and resistant to moisture and
rotting.
Preferably, the metal plates 12 are formed in a roughly square
shape, that is, four sided shape, which are either actually square
or somewhat rectangular. Thus, the term square as used herein may
include rectangular, e.g., elongated in one direction, as well. An
example of a suitable plate is one formed of a medium or low carbon
steel, such as 1,010, and of approximately 3 by 3 and 0.080 inch
thick. This should stop a 9mm. bullet. Thicker plates, e.g., 0.132
inch can be used to stop a steel jacketed bullet.
As illustrated in FIG. 6, the plates which are all substantially
identical in size and shape and are preferably flat, are arranged
in a checkerboard pattern on opposite sides of the sheet. That is,
patterns generally designated as 13 and 14 are formed of the
plates, with one pattern being the reverse of the other so that
plates on one side of the face fill the space produced by the
plates on the opposite side of the sheet face. Thus, the plates in
each pattern are arranged corner to corner and their edges are
aligned with the edges of the plates in the pattern on the opposite
side of the sheet.
Although the plates may be adhesively secured to the support sheet,
preferably they are free of securement thereto, that is, free of
direct securement thereto, and instead are secured together by
outer cover sheets 16. Such outer cover sheets may be formed of a
thin plastic sheeting which is adhesively or similarly bonded to
the exposed surfaces and edges of the metal plates and the exposed
portions of the support sheet 11. Such cover sheets may be formed
of wide, e.g., 3 inch, adhesive tape made of a plastic material
with a permanently tacky adhesive applied to one face thereof.
Thus, as illustrated in FIG. 5, the cover sheets, whether formed of
a monolithic sheet or of strips of plastic tape, are secured by an
adhesive layer 17, or other comparable bonding material, to the
outer, exposed surfaces of the plates 12, the edges of the plates,
and the exposed portions of the sheet 11.
With this construction, the armor is flexible, particularly at the
lines defined by the edges of the plates. In addition, each plate
has some degree of relative movement, that is, relative to the
other plates, upon impact, which helps absorb and distribute the
loads of impact as well as to deflect bullets and similar fragments
striking the plate.
The alignment of the edges of the plates on opposite sides of the
support sheets prevents penetration of bullets at the edges of the
plates and further functions to deflect the bullets.
The composite armor construction is capable of stopping
conventional handgun and rifle and the like bullets, and if the
plates are formed of a proper thickness will stop completely, most,
if not all, high powered type bullets. Thus, the armor is useful
for various dangerous police and military types of activities.
* * * * *