U.S. patent number 3,894,451 [Application Number 05/440,241] was granted by the patent office on 1975-07-15 for water-pump pliers.
Invention is credited to Karl Putsch.
United States Patent |
3,894,451 |
Putsch |
July 15, 1975 |
Water-pump pliers
Abstract
Water-pump pliers which comprise relatively displaceable plier
handles carry jaws which continue from the handles, these jaws
having recesses forming the plier opening and lying on both sides
of a jaw-junction plane. These jaw recesses define two deepest
points thereof as seen in a longitudinal direction of the jaws and
the two deepest points are staggered with respect to each
other.
Inventors: |
Putsch; Karl (56
Wuppertal-Cronenberg, DT) |
Family
ID: |
6637006 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/440,241 |
Filed: |
February 6, 1974 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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Feb 23, 1973 [DT] |
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7306900 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
81/424.5; 81/426;
D8/52 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B25B
13/505 (20130101); B25B 7/02 (20130101); B25B
7/10 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B25B
13/00 (20060101); B25B 7/02 (20060101); B25B
13/50 (20060101); B25B 7/10 (20060101); B25B
7/00 (20060101); B25b 007/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;81/425R,426,418 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Jones, Jr.; James L.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Montague; Ernest G. Ross; Karl F.
Dubno; Herbert
Claims
I claim:
1. A water-pump pliers comprising:
a pair of elongated handles having hand-grip portions;
pivot means pivotally interconnecting said handles at a fulcrum
shiftable along one of said handles, said pivot means including an
elongated slot with undulating flanks formed in said one of said
handles and a pin receivable in said slot and fixed to the other of
said handles for selective positioning along said slot;
respective jaws formed on said handles at ends thereof opposite
said portions across said fulcrum and projecting transversely from
said handles, said jaws having confronting recesses of triangular
configuration with each recess having a vertex, a long side and a
short side, the vertices and said recesses being staggered
longitudinally along said jaws with respect to one another, the
triangles of said recesses defining a parallelogram and having a
common base along a diagonal of said parallelogram corresponding to
a junction plane of said jaws in a closed position thereof, said
jaws having confronting faces lying along said plane on opposite
sides of said parallelogram;
a set of sawtooth-shaped teeth formed on the long side of the
recess of an upper one of said jaws and turned in the direction of
said fulcrum;
a set of sawtooth-shaped teeth formed on the long side of the
recess of the other jaw and oriented in the opposite direction;
and
respective rows of teeth along each of said faces on opposite sides
of said parallelogram.
Description
The present invention relates to water-pump pliers.
The present invention relates to water-pump pliers having plier
handles which are displaceable with respect to each other in order
to change the size of the opening or mouth of the pliers defined by
the plier jaws which have recesses forming the plier opening lying
on opposite sides of the junction plane of the jaws.
It is known to provide such recesses in trough shape so as to form
an approximately oval opening of the pliers. In this way a
relatively favorable attack is obtained upon objects of circular
cross section corresponding to the opening of the pliers. The
attack, however, becomes worse when the circular material entering
into the opening of the pliers has a curvature which differs from
that of the trough-shaped recesses. This is true also of
multi-edged objects such as, hexagon nuts.
There are also known water-pump pliers having angular recesses in
such manner that the vertices and therefore the deepest points of
the recesses are opposite one another. By such an orientation of
the recesses, a favorable attack in the case of objects of circular
cross section can be obtained only in a few cases. To be sure, a
good attack is obtained on the less common square-nuts. On the
other hand, an extremely ineffective attack is made upon hexagon
nuts which are much more commonly used than square nuts.
It is an object of the present invention to provide water-pump
pliers such that by advantageous shaping of the mouth of the pliers
it always possible to obtain a good purchase on the material
gripped, particularly in the case of nuts and preferably hexagon
nuts, as well as in the case of pipes, so that a self-clamping
association between the pliers and the workpiece can be
provided.
I thus provide a water pump pliers in which the two deepest points
of the jaw recesses, as seen in the longitudinal direction of the
jaws, are staggered with respect to each other.
According to a feature of the present invention each recess is
developed as an angle with sides of unequal length.
It has been found advantageous in accordance with the present
invention for the two recesses together to constitute a
parallelogram whose diagonal lies along the junction plane of the
jaws in the closed-mouth position of the pliers.
Furthermore, it is favorable in accordance with the present
invention for the opposite longer sides of the parallelogram to be
provided with teeth which are directed towards each other, the tips
of the teeth of the upper jaw pointing in approximately the
direction of the pivot of the plier handles.
In accordance with the present invention the lines of extension of
the longer sides of the parallelogram extend spaced from and on the
other side of the pivot point of the plier handles.
Still another advantageous development in accordance with the
present invention resides in the fact that the teeth of the longer
side of the parallelogram of the lower jaw are developed as forward
directed sawteeth.
The water-pump pliers in accordance with the invention are of
increased value in use. After grasping the material which is to be
turned, whether it be a length of pipe, a socket or a nut, there is
always a three-point attack of the opening of the pliers on the
corresponding part. In particular a better holding of the opening
of the pliers is also obtained in the case of hexagon nuts. If the
conditions permit only a partial turning of the hexagon nut by
means of the pliers, the water-pump pliers can, after each partial
turn, come into an equally good position of attack with respect to
the hexagon nut. The three-point attack of the plier opening is
perferably so selected that the lower jaw is in two-point contact
with the part grasped and the upper jaw in one-point contact. In
this way the lever forces acting on the water-pump pliers can be
transmitted better. The plier opening which permits the
advantageous three-point attack is favorably formed by two
triangles of sides of unequal length with a common base extending
in the junction plane of the jaws. This permits a simplified
manufacture of the jaw recesses and prevents the lowest point of
the recesses being opposite each other. The triangles are
preferably so shaped that they supplement each other to form a
parallelogram with its diagonal (or the base of the triangular
recesses) lying in the junction plane of the jaws. The two longer
sides of the parallelogram-shaped opening of the pliers serve
essentially to transmit force, the longer side of the parallelogram
on the lower jaw exerting a compressive force and the longer side
of the parallelogram on the upper jaw exerting a tension force on
the part grasped. In accordance with the invention, the longer
sides of the parallelogram are equipped with teeth aligned in such
a manner that maximum forces can be transmitted with respect to the
water-pump pliers. The lines of extension of the longer sides of
the parallelogram which in each position of use of the water-pump
pliers extend on the other side of the pivot point of the plier
handles then also lead to the advantage that after the part which
is to be turned has been grasped by the jaws of the plier force can
be transmitted merely by load applied to the handle of the pliers
bearing the lower jaw. Therefore it is not necessary to press the
handle of the pliers forming the upper jaw at all or to press this
handle only slightly in the direction towards the other handle of
the pliers, which greatly facilitates the use of the pliers in
accordance with the invention.
These and other objects, which will become apparent in the
following detailed description, will be clearly understood in
connection with the accompanying drawing, in which:
FIG. 1 is a plan view of the water-pump pliers in a basic
position;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the pliers, shown in the upper region
thereof; and
FIG. 3 is a view of the water-pump pliers in an active
position.
Referring now to the drawings, the water-pump pliers of the present
invention have two plier handles 1 and 2 which continue on the
other side of the pivot point 3 of the plier handles to form the
jaws 4 and 5.
The pivot 3 of the plier handles comprises a pin permanently
inserted in the plier handle 2 and the protruding sections of which
are provided with flattened portions 3'. The plier handle 2 which
passes through the plier handle 1 in an opening 6 has the flattened
sections extending into corresponding longitudinal slot 7 of the
plier handle 1. The long edges of the slots 7 are of undulated
shape in such a manner that the undulated course is adapted to the
curvature of the pin 3. The distance between the vertices of the
undulations is somewhat larger than the height resulting over the
flattened portion 3' of the pin 3.
The undulated course on the one side of the guide slot 7 is
provided with steps 8 which cooperate with the flattened portions
3' and limit the closing movement with the plier handles 1, 2 moved
together.
The lower jaw 4 seated on the plier handle 1 and the upper jaw 5
extending from the plier handle 1 have the recesses 10, 11 which
form the plier opening 9 and lie on opposite sides of the junction
plane x--x of the jaws. Each recess 10, 11 has the form of an angle
with sides 12, 13 and 14, 15 respectively of unequal length. The
triangular recesses 10, 11, which have a common base along this
plane x--x, and therefore the deepest points S1 and S2, seen in the
longitudinal direction of the jaws 4, 5, staggered with respect to
each other.
Preferably the triangular recesses supplement one another to
collectively form a parallelogram, see Fig. 1. The diagonal extends
in the junction plane x--x of the jaws. The extension lines L1 and
L2 of the longer sides 12, 14 of the parallelogram extend in every
active position spaced from and on the other side from the pivot 3
of the plier handles.
With the jaws 4, 5 in the active position, the longer handle 14 of
the lower jaw 4 exerts a compressive load and the opposite handle
12 of the upper jaw 5 a tensile load on the part to be turned. For
this purpose the opposite longer parallelogram sides 12, 14 are
provided with teeth 16, 17 directed against each other in such a
manner that the tips of the teeth 16' of the upper jaw point
approximately in the direction of the pivot 3 of the plier handles,
while the tips 17' of the lower-jaw teeth 17 are directed in the
opposite direction. The shorter sides 13, 15 have no teeth.
The plier opening 9 after gripping a part which is to be turned,
developed as pipe 18 in Fig. 3, comes into a three-point contact
with same. The advantageous alignment of the toothed longer
parallelogram sides makes it possible, starting from this position
and by exclusively acting on the plier handle 2, in the direction
indicated by the arrow y, to effect a turning of the part 18
without the plier handle 1 having to be acted on in this connection
in the direction of the arrow z. This means in a figurative sense
that upon use of the pliers, only a slight force need be applied in
the direction indicated by the arrow z on the plier handle 1, which
facilitates the use thereof.
In order to broaden the scope of use of the water-pump pliers of
the present invention, the plier jaws 4, 5 are provided with a fine
toothing 19 outside of the plier opening 9 along the plane
x--x.
* * * * *