U.S. patent number 3,891,341 [Application Number 05/388,334] was granted by the patent office on 1975-06-24 for wear balanced cleat for compaction wheel.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Rexnord Inc.. Invention is credited to Charles F. Riddle, Maurice J. Trainor.
United States Patent |
3,891,341 |
Trainor , et al. |
June 24, 1975 |
Wear balanced cleat for compaction wheel
Abstract
The wheels of a landfill compaction vehicle have cylindrical
rims and circumferential rows of radially projecting cleats. Each
cleat includes an approximately square base joined to the wheel rim
and a radially outward working face having a "dog-bone" outline
with its longer dimension extending axially of the wheel.
Inventors: |
Trainor; Maurice J. (Milwaukee,
WI), Riddle; Charles F. (Brookfield, WI) |
Assignee: |
Rexnord Inc. (Milwaukee,
WI)
|
Family
ID: |
23533694 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/388,334 |
Filed: |
August 13, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
404/121; 404/124;
301/43 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E02D
3/026 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
E02D
3/00 (20060101); E02D 3/026 (20060101); E01C
019/26 () |
Field of
Search: |
;404/121,124
;172/122,540,554 ;301/43,44R,44T,44A,44B |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Frazier; Roy D.
Assistant Examiner: Holko; Thomas J.
Claims
We claim:
1. In a wheel for a vehicle used to compact sanitary land fill,
said wheel comprising:
a. a rigid cylinder forming a rim;
b. hub mounting means upon which the cylinder is secured; and
c. ground engaging substantially V-shaped, symmetrical inverted
cleats secured to the cylinder in circumferential rows, the cleats
of adjacent rows being circumferentially offset and each cleat
having
i. an approximately square base,
ii. opposite triangular ends generally normal to the wheel
axis,
iii. convergent wedge faces intermediate said ends, and
iv. a working face opposite said base and intermediate said ends
and said wedge faces,
the improvement wherein:
1. said working face has relatively wider end portions adjacent the
radially outer corners of the cleat and a narrower intermediate
portion, the length and width of the end portions in the axial and
circumferential directions each being between one-fifth and
one-tenth of the length and width of said base and the width of the
intermediate portion being one-half or less the width of the end
portions and
2. said wedge faces have end and intermediate portions which merge
with the corresponding portions of said working face, the
intermediate portions of said wedge faces being recessed relative
to the end portions thereof.
2. The wheel of claim 1 wherein said wedge faces converge
a. at an angle in the order of 45.degree. near their respective
bases and
b. at an angle in the order of 20.degree. near their respective
working faces.
3. The wheel of claim 1 wherein each cleat is of hollow cast
construction with an open base.
4. In a cleat for a wheel of a vehicle used to compact sanitary
land fill, said cleat having:
a. an approximately square base,
b. opposite generally triangular ends,
c. convergent wedge faces intermediate said ends, and
d. a working face opposite said base and intermediate said ends and
said wedge faces,
the improvement wherein
i. said working face has relatively wider end portions adjacent
said generally triangular ends and a narrower intermediate portion,
the length and width of the end portions each being between
one-fifth and one-tenth of the length and width of said base and
the width of the intermediate portion being one-half or less the
width of the end portions and
ii. said wedge faces have end and intermediate portions which merge
with the corresponding portions of said working face, the
intermediate portions of said wedge faces being recessed relative
to the end portions thereof.
5. The cleat of claim 4 wherein said wedge faces converge
a. at an angle in the order of 45.degree. near said base and
b. at an angle in the order of 20.degree. near said working
face.
6. The cleat of claim 4 wherein the cleat is of hollow cast
construction with an open base.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
Apparatus for making roads or pavements, with rollers having
projections or recesses, Class 94/50 PR.
2. Description of the Prior Art and Problems Solved
The prior art includes V-shaped cleats having sharp cutting edges
and various entrant angles. The cutting edge, except in only some
instances extends generally axially of the wheel.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,463,063 shows a landfill compaction vehicle which
has had considerable commercial success by reason of the claimed
invention and the present invention is a further improvement
thereover.
While the drawings of the patent indicate well defined edges, in
actual use these edges are immediately rounded off due to wear even
before the pattern of general wear becomes apparent.
One of the phenomena as to the wear pattern which has been observed
is that V-shaped cleats become very rounded at their radially outer
corners although the vehicle operates only in a forward and reverse
direction and the abrasive moment of the supporting material
relative to the cleat would seem to be in one or the reverse
direction.
Apparently this is not the case. Whatever occurs appears to be due
to the square ends of the cleats, square here meaning that the ends
are normal to the wheel axis. It is believed that the compacted
soil which is under compression nearer the center of each cleat,
that is intermediate its ends, apparently moves up the inclined
face of the cleat only to some extent whereas the material nearer
the radially outer corners is induced to move a further distance
toward the ends of the cleats referred to where the soil is not
under compression. This apparently explains the extreme rounding at
the ends of such cleats which occurs.
The sideward motion of the machine has also been considered to
contribute to that effect. Whether it is significant, the present
invention, of course, provides the same improvement.
Reference both to the cutting edge and the working face of the
cleat has been made. The references are to the same part of the
cleat but the term cutting edge implies a modestly sharp edge at
least as the cleat is manufactured whereas the term working face
infers that the face initially is more flat.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The inverted V-shaped cleat for a compaction vehicle is provided
with enlarged outer corners such that the working face of the cleat
has enlarged end portions and a narrow central portion and each of
the inclined faces of the cleat has a corresponding recessed or
indented central portion. The inclined faces are also concave as
viewed endwise so that the base of the cleat has an ample
circumferential dimension for stability whereas the outer end
portion of the cleat has a relatively long taper for good
penetration of the landfill and a favorable angle for traction of
the vehicle.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
FIG. 1 shows the compaction vehicle shown in reference U.S. Pat.
No. 3,463,063.
FIG. 2 shows the base of one of the cleats in plan, the base being
that part which fits the cylindrical rim of a wheel of the
vehicle.
FIG. 3 is a side elevation of the cleat.
FIG. 4 is a plan of the cleat and of its working face.
FIG. 5 is a cross section of the cleat looking toward one end of
the cleat.
FIGS. 6 and 7 are end elevations of the prior art cleat showing the
same before and after a normal period of service and wear.
FIGS. 8 and 9 are side elevations of the same prior art cleat and
show the considerably greater wear or rounding of the radially
outer corners which occurs in the same period of service.
FIGS. 10 and 11 are end elevations of the cleat of the present
invention showing the cleat before and after the same normal period
of service and wear.
FIGS. 12 and 13 are similar side elevations of the same cleat and
showing by contrast approximately the same wear as shown in FIGS. 8
and 9 and in the same period of service.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The self propelled vehicle 14 shown in FIG. 1 includes the wheels
15 which are in the order of 5 feet in diameter. Each wheel 15
includes an inner section having a central bolt mounting ring 16
and an outer cylindrical rim 17 up to 3 feet in width, that is
measured axially of the wheel. Each wheel 15 also includes a number
of rows of equally spaced cleats 20. The rows extend
circumferentially of the wheel and the cleats of adjacent rows are
circumferentially offset so that the ends of adjacent cleats are
relatively unobstructed.
Each cleat may be forged or possibly fabricated of welded steel
plate. The cleats 20 as shown are cast of a relatively wear
resistant steel. Each cleat 20 includes the parallel end walls 21,
the relatively inclined side walls 22 and the solid cap 23. Each
cleat is an integral structure having the recess 24 and the several
outer surfaces which are of a special configuration as will be
described. The base surface of cleat 20 opposite cap 23 is of a
rectangular outline and is curved slightly to fit rim 17 of a
wheel. The cleat is securely welded to the rim around the base of
the cleat and preferably so that recess 24 is closed by rim 17.
The outer surfaces of the cleat include the radially outward
working face 27, the parallel end faces 28 which are normal to the
axis of rim 17, and the concave wedge faces 29. The faces 28 and 29
extend from rim 17 to working face 27.
The special configuration of cleat 20 is characterized by the
bulbous enlargements at the radially outer corners of the cleat.
The enlargements are such that the working face 27 has a "dog-bone"
outline which includes the generally round end portions 27a and the
narrow central portion 27b. The enlargements are also such that the
wedge faces 29 have relatively projecting end portions 29a and
indented central portions 29b which correspond with portions 27a
and 27b of the working face.
The improvements in the cleat 20 and in the wheels 15 provided with
such cleats resides first in the concave profiles of the wedge
faces 29 and second in the recessed central portions thereof and
the intermediate shoulders 29c.
The concave profile referred to provides the wedge faces with a
relatively narrow taper in the order of 20.degree. from about its
midsection to the working face 27 whereas from the base of the
cleat to the midsection the taper is in the order of 45.degree..
This allows the base to be relatively broad circumferentially of
the wheel whereas the wedge face providing the traction for the
vehicle has an angle of only 10.degree. relative to a radial plane
extended from the rotational axis of the wheel.
The second improvement resides in the altered wear pattern of the
cleat which is due to the additional cleat material at the radially
outer corners of the cleat. Normally such corners are worn away at
a rate generally much faster than the wear over that part of the
cleat which is intermediate the corners referred to, and shown in
FIGS. 6-9. The FIGS. have been described and it should be merely
necessary to point out again that the greater rounding at the
radially outer corners of the cleat as shown in FIG. 9 is
representative of the observed wear of innumerable cleats after
actual use. It is believed that such rounding is due to the
shifting of the material which is compacted by one or both wedge
faces. This material appears to shift toward the material which is
uncompacted at the ends of the cleat where the cleat is "square" or
normal to the wheel axis.
Thus, the shoulders 29c of cleat 20 are considered especially
significant in preventing such shifting, at least in part. It
should be understood also that the material is not at all fluid in
the broad sense, except where the vehicle is operating in sand
which may have been used as a sanitary land fill cover.
FIGS. 10-13 are representative of the relatively equal wear which
has been observed after a period of service of cleats 20 comparable
to that shown in FIGS. 6-9.
It might be reasoned that the entire cleat should be enlarged such
that the working face has the outline indicated by the broken lines
39 shown in FIG. 4. Such a cleat would not be effective to puncture
the material to be compacted in a land fill site and further, would
become rounded in a manner no different than that shown in FIGS.
6-9.
The working face area relative to the height and base of cleat 20
is thus of significance. Generally, the height should be about
equal to the circumferential dimension of the base and the
circumferential dimension should be between one tenth and one fifth
that of the base, the circumference being that of the wheel. The
"dog-bone" outline generally means that the central section is
about one half the width of the ends or of the radially outer
corners of the cleat.
It is noted also that the prior art U.S. Pat. No. 3,463,063 is
directed to the arrangement of the cleats such that rows of
diagonal dirt ejection slots are provided. The cleat 20 is
particularly adapted for such purposes in that the wear-rate at the
radially outer corners of the cleat is extended to allow for such
lateral movement of the compacted material. However, the shoulders
29c should preferably extend only from about the midsection of the
cleat to the working face so that the concave wedge faces nearer
the base section of the cleat are not indented and allows for such
dirt ejection.
* * * * *