U.S. patent number 3,880,415 [Application Number 05/249,151] was granted by the patent office on 1975-04-29 for cantilevered internal shoring.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Fruehauf Corporation. Invention is credited to Richard T. Fujioka, Gerald A. Wooldridge.
United States Patent |
3,880,415 |
Fujioka , et al. |
April 29, 1975 |
Cantilevered internal shoring
Abstract
A trailer body of elongated rectangular cross section with inner
and outer thin sheets over the top, sides and front end is
insulated and reinforced by the application of foamable plastic
between the sheets after assembly. To prevent the sheets from
moving out of spaced parallel planes, shoring in the nature of
backup plates are applied to the inner and outer wall, floor and
roof surfaces to resist any tendency to expand under pressure
developed during the foaming operation. The inner shoring plates
are carried on a cantilever frame and are moved upwardly and
sidewardly to cover the internal roof sheets and those at the sides
and front end of the body.
Inventors: |
Fujioka; Richard T. (Oxford,
MI), Wooldridge; Gerald A. (San Diego, CA) |
Assignee: |
Fruehauf Corporation (Detroit,
MI)
|
Family
ID: |
22942255 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/249,151 |
Filed: |
May 1, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
269/48.1;
264/46.6; 269/272; 425/110; 425/817R |
Current CPC
Class: |
B62D
33/048 (20130101); B62D 33/04 (20130101); B62D
29/04 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B62D
29/00 (20060101); B62D 33/00 (20060101); B62D
29/04 (20060101); B62D 33/04 (20060101); B29d
023/00 (); B29d 027/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;29/2J,2P
;425/110,123,817R ;264/45 ;269/47,48.1,49,52,272 ;249/93 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Lake; Roy
Assistant Examiner: Abrams; Neil
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Harness, Dickey & Pierce
Claims
We claim:
1. In a shoring structure for backing up the inner walls of a
trailer body at the sides and roof thereof, a cantilever supported
horizontally extending frame, said frame being of rectangular form
with the body disposed thereover from the extending end, means on
the frame for supporting vertically and laterally movable arms,
shoring plates on said arms at the sides and top movable outwardly
against the inner surface of the walls and roof by said arms, said
side shoring plates embody an upper and lower section having spaced
oppositely extending members disposed in coplanar relation to each
other and said sections, said upper section being connected to said
vertically movable arms for upward movement therewith.
2. In a shoring structure as recited in claim 1, wherein outer
shoring plates are supported for movement into engagement with
outer surfaces at the sides and roof of the body.
3. In a shoring structure as recited in claim 2, wherein drive
means are provided within the frame for moving the shoring plates
outwardly and inwardly and upwardly and downwardly to and from the
internal surfaces at the sides and roof of the body.
4. In a shoring structure as recited in claim 3, wherein ram means
support at least some of the outer shoring plates for moving them
toward and away from the body.
5. In a shoring structure as recited in claim 3, wherein the outer
shoring plates are hinged together at the top and sides and
supported for movement into and from engagement with the outer roof
and side surfaces of the body.
6. In a shoring structure for backing up the inner walls of a
trailer body at the sides and roof thereof, an elongated frame,
support means at one end of said frame, a base supporting structure
for said support means which supports said frame in cantilever,
means for raising said frame relative to said base supporting
structure, side and top shoring plates supported on said frame at
the sides and top thereof for movement outwardly and upwardly
thereof, said side shoring plates having top and bottom sections
containing nested extending coplanar sections, and means supporting
said top sections for movement upwardly relative to the bottom
sections as the sections move relative to each other.
7. In a shoring structure as recited in claim 6, wherein said
supporting means for the top sections has outwardly moving members,
and outwardly moving members on said frame for supporting the
bottom sections of the side plates, said top sections of the side
shoring plates being movable outwardly and upwardly simultaneously.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Reference may be had to the patent to C. J. Slayman, U.S. Pat. No.
3,177,271 and to C. R. Morris, U.S. Pat. No. 3,155,751 to show the
state of the prior art.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The inner and outer roof, side and front walls of a trailer body
are assembled on a floor structure. Thin sheets are secured to the
outer edge of spaced upright posts with the inner liner sheets
unattached thereto. This provides areas between the posts in which
foamable material is delivered and expanded to form solid walls at
the top, sides, floor and front end. The plastic foam material is
delivered by hoses which extend from the rearward to the forward
end of the body, the ends of which are moved to the rearward end of
the body, from area to area, to have the proper quantity of
material delivered to each area which will expand to fill the side,
the floor and top spaces. This provides insulation as well as
reinforcement between the inner and outer sheets of the body.
The inner side, front and top shoring plates are supported on a
cantilever mounted frame over which the body is advanced. The roof
shoring plates are moved upwardly against the inner roof wall
carrying the upper portion of the side shoring plates therewith.
The side shoring plates are thereafter moved outwardly to engage
the inner front and side walls of the body. In one embodiment, the
outer top shoring plate is moved downwardly onto the sheets forming
the top of the roof wall and front and side shoring plates are
moved inward to engage the sheets on the outer walls. It is within
the purview of the invention to raise the cantilever frame upwardly
with the body against a fixed roof shoring plate. A clamlike
structure having a suspended top shoring plate to which side
shoring plates are hinged can also be used when lowered into
engagement with the top roof wall to have the hinged plates swing
against the outer sheets of the side walls. In any case, the inner
and outer spaced parallel sheets are engaged by the inner and outer
shoring plates so that the pressure developed when expanding the
foam cannot distort the sheets.
The cycle of the operation requires 20 to 30 minutes. The method
includes the preheating of the surfaces to 150.degree.F which
requires approximately 5 minutes. To advance the body over the
cantilever frame and moving the shoring plates against the inner
and outer walls requires approximately 2 minutes. To apply the foam
in the various areas requires approximately 12 minutes. The cure
time requires approximately 5 minutes and to retract the plates
from the wall and move the insulated body from the frame takes
approximately 2 minutes. The total time is approximately 26
minutes. The preheating time of 5 minutes can be eliminated if
ovens are used to maintain the surfaces heated to 150.degree.F. It
is to be understood that a vertical expandable horizontally movable
shoring plate is mounted on the end of the cantilever frame and
that a shoring plate is movable into engagement with the outer
sheets forming the front wall of the body.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a view in side elevation with parts broken away showing
the cantilever frame and shoring plates employed during the foaming
operation on a trailer body which is shown in position to be
advanced thereover;
FIG. 2 is a broken view of the structure illustrated in FIG. 1,
with the body in advanced position and with the shoring plates in
engagement with the inner top, side and front walls and the outer
top of the body;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the structure illustrated in FIG. 2,
taken on the line 3--3 thereof;
FIG. 4 is a view of structure, similar to that illustrated in FIG.
3, with the shoring plates in engagement and the body moved
upwardly against fixed roof shoring plates;
FIG. 5 is a view of the cantilever frame and its support showing
the movable portions which permits the frame to be vertically
moved, and
FIG. 6 is a view of structure, similar to that illustrated in FIG.
3, showing a clamlike shoring unit which is raisable from and
lowerable upon the body into engagement with the roof and outer
surface of the side walls .
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In practicing the present invention, the trailer body 10 is
constructed in the usual manner to have vertical posts, such as the
I-beams posts 11, along the sides and front end which support top
I-beams 12 to which the outer and inner roof sheets are secured.
The inner side sheets 13 and the outer side sheets 14 are secured
to the upright I-beam posts 11. This provides a plurality of
inverted U-shaped open cells 15 which communicate at the sides and
across the top throughout the length of the body. The foam material
is introduced into the cells and is expanded to fill the cells and
provide the insulation and reinforcement for the body. Before the
foamable plastic material is delivered to the cells, the body is
advanced over an internal shoring unit 16 which is located adjacent
to the outer shoring units 17.
The shoring unit 16 has an elongated frame 23 suspended in
cantilever on the end of a supporting structure 18 which is
embedded in concrete below the floor 19. Any means may be provided
for supporting and advancing the body 10 between the shoring units,
the one herein illustrated is a pair of caterpillar type belts 21
each of which is mounted on a pair of sprocket wheels 22 one of
which is driven to advance and retract the body relative to the
frame. The elongated frame 23 is substantially square in section
secured to the support structure 18 and constructed in a manner to
overcome the natural sag or drop at the free end so that it will be
approximately horizontal.
The side shoring plates are made from an upper plate section 24 and
a lower plate section 25 which are in coplanar relation. The upper
plate section 24 has spaced extending members 26 which are located
between spaced extending members 27 on the lower plate section 25.
This permits the upper plate section 24 to be raised while
maintaining a coplanar relation with the lower plate section 25
leaving spaced openings 28 which are small enough to prevent
bulging of the side walls. This same construction is provided on
the free end of the elongated frame 23. The top shoring plates 31
are raised by the upward movement of posts 32 to engage the inner
roof sheets of the body, carrying the upper plate sections 24 at
the sides and front end upwardly therewith. Horizontal telescoping
arms 33 support the upper plate sections 24 and are secured to the
posts 32 to move therewith. Similar horizontal telescoping arms 34
are supported on the frame 23 attached to the lower plate sections
25. The arms 33 and 34 are moved simultaneously for moving the
shoring plate sections 24 and 25 against the inner side walls of
the body 10. The sections 24 and 25 at the end of the frame 13 have
the front inner surface of the body moved into engagement
therewith.
While the upper plate sections 24 and the lower plate sections 25
have interrelated extending members 26 and 27 producing an
acceptable spacing for preventing bulging of the wall sheets when
the sections are extended, the same result will be obtained when
using horizontally disposed slats between the top and bottom
sections which move into spaced relation when the top sections 24
are raised relative to the bottom sections. This effect can be
obtained in various ways, one would be by the use of pins in slots
at each end of the slats. This will limit the spacing of the slats
while having the plate sections fill the area required for the
shoring plates.
An outer top shoring plate 35 is supported on rams 36 and moved
downwardly against the outer sheets of the body roof. Side shoring
plates 37 are mounted on rams 38 for moving the shoring plates 37
against the outer wall at the sides of the body. A shoring plate 39
is dropped downwardly, moved laterally or hingedly supported to
move against the front outer wall of the body. This retains the
sheets covering the inner front wall of the body disposed in
engagement with the end plate sections 24 and 25 of the frame. In
this manner, the spaced inner and outer parallel sheets forming the
inner and outer walls at the two sides, the front and the roof of
the body are backed up by the shoring plates so as to prevent the
outward bulging thereof should excess pressure build up within the
plurality of cells located along the length of the body.
The foam material is delivered into the cells by flexible hoses 41
from a plastic material dispensing device 42. The end of the hose
extends into the front wall cell from the side cells through
apertures in the I-beam posts 11 and are pulled outwardly to have
the ends pass from one cell to another at a predetermined time rate
which introduces the required amount of foam into each of the
cells. The quantity of the foamable material is sufficient to foam
upwardly and across the roof section under heat to fill the cells
at the front, sides and the roof area with insulating reinforcing
foamed material.
As pointed out above, the shoring plates are heated to
substantially 150.degree.F so that heat will be available to foam
the material delivered by the housing into the various cells and to
cure the material after it had foamed. After the material is cured,
the outer shoring plates 35, 37 and 39 at the top, side and front
wall are retracted as well as the inner plate 31 and sections 24
and 25 of the cantilever supported frame 23. The body 10 is then
retracted away from the shoring plate area and a new body is
aligned with the caterpillar type belts 21 and advanced forwardly
in position to be engaged by the inner and outer shoring plates as
pointed out hereinabove.
In FIGS. 4 and 5, a slightly modified structure is illustrated that
wherein the frame element 23 is retained on the supporting
structure 18 by the engaged fingers 43 and 44 which permits the
upward and downward movement of the frame 23. Blocks 44 are mounted
on the bottom of the frame element 23 in engagement with the
forward face of the support 18 for movement therealong. This
structure is employed when the top shoring plates 45 are supported
on fixed I-beams 46. The body is raised by a plurality of rams 47
and after the bottom is engaged the further advancement of the rams
move the top roof sheets of the body into engagement with the
shoring plates 45 as the frame structure 23 moves upwardly with the
body. Thereafter, the side shoring plates 37 are moved inwardly
against the outer side walls of the body. The end shoring plate 39
is then moved into engagement with the outer sheets covering the
front wall. Otherwise, the structure is the same as that
illustrated and described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3.
In FIG. 6, another form of structure is illustrated for backing up
the outer sheets of the roof and side panels which embodies a clam
shell type of outer shoring units 48. A top shoring plate 49 is
supported on a frame 51 which is secured to a horizontally
positioned downwardly presenting channel element 52 having side
flanges 53 that are secured to the frame 51. Side shoring plates 54
are supported on similar frames 55 with the upper edges of the
shoring plates secured to the side edges of the shoring plate 49 by
hinging elements 56. A pair of cables 57 and 58 are secured to a
triangular element 59 which is suspended on a cable 61. The cable
58 passes through one of a pair of sheaves 62 over a sheave 63 and
secured to a lug 64 on the lefthand frame element 55 as viewed in
the Figure. The cable 57 passes over the other of the pair of
sheaves 62 over a sheave 65 and secured to a lug 66 of the frame 55
on the righthand side of the Figure. When the cable 61 is drawn
upwardly, the cable 57 and 58 swing the frames 55 outwardly about
the hinges 56 and when so swung outwardly, the cable 61 will raise
the frame 51 and the frames 55 upwardly away from the body to
permit the body to be removed. The shoring plate for the front end
of the body is supported in the manner pointed out hereinabove or
it may be supported on the rear end of the top shoring plate 49 to
be raised and lowered by the cable 61.
The arms 34 are moved by elongated shafts 68 by a motor 69 and a
gear reduction unit 71 which drives a sprocket 72 and a chain 70
which drives three additional sprockets 72 on three additional
shafts 68. This moves the arms 34 inwardly and outwardly depending
on the direction in which the motor 69 is driven to move the side
plate sections 24 and 25 toward and away from the inner side walls
of the body 10. A motor 74 drives a sprocket 75 which drives a
chain 76 and shafts 77 to raise the arms 32 and the top shoring
plate 31 against the inner roof wall of the body 10. The arms 32
carry a cross member 78 which supports a motor 79 and a gear
reduction unit 81 which drives a sprocket 82 and a chain 83 for
driving a pair of sprockets 84. The two sprockets 84 drive a pair
of shafts 85 which move the arms 33 outwardly and inwardly to carry
the top section 24 of the side plate sections outwardly to retain
it in the plane of the bottom plate sections 25.
The shoring mechanism has proved invaluable for permitting the
trailer body to be moved thereof and insulated and reinforced in a
short period of time without any distortion of the sheets forming
the inner and outer wall of the body. This provides assurance that
the inner and outer walls of the side, front and roof of the body
are parallel and have not, in any manner, been bulged or weakened
due to excess internal pressures which could develop.
* * * * *