U.S. patent number 3,876,506 [Application Number 05/395,573] was granted by the patent office on 1975-04-08 for coke oven door.
This patent grant is currently assigned to G. Wolff jr. KG. Invention is credited to Kurt Ernst Dix, Jurgen Freisewinkel.
United States Patent |
3,876,506 |
Dix , et al. |
April 8, 1975 |
Coke oven door
Abstract
The chamber opening for a coke oven is closed by a door having
side walls that support a peripheral seal adapted to abut against a
frame surrounding the chamber opening. Extending from the side
walls of the door at spaced locations, are bolt-type fasteners with
hooked ends that support the seal by frictional contact with the
side walls of the door. A second form of fastening means, at other
spaced locations about the periphery of the door, includes a shaft
that rotably positions a cam plate into an abutting relation with
the rear edge of the seal and positions its sealing edge by
rotation of the cam plate. The shaft also supports a circular plate
for clamping the seal against the side wall of the door. The
centers of the cam plate and the circular plate coincide with the
longitudinal axis of the shaft. The cam surface has a spiral shape
which is self-locking with respect to rotation of the shaft to
resist the forces acting on the seal.
Inventors: |
Dix; Kurt Ernst (Bochum-Harpen,
DT), Freisewinkel; Jurgen (Hatlingen; Ruhr,
DT) |
Assignee: |
G. Wolff jr. KG (Bochum-Linden,
DT)
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Family
ID: |
5856553 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/395,573 |
Filed: |
September 10, 1973 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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Sep 16, 1972 [DT] |
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2245567 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
202/248;
110/173R |
Current CPC
Class: |
C10B
25/16 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
C10B
25/00 (20060101); C10B 25/16 (20060101); C10b
025/06 (); C10b 025/16 () |
Field of
Search: |
;202/248,247,269
;110/173R |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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915,564 |
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Jul 1954 |
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DT |
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563,285 |
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Feb 1935 |
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DT |
|
Primary Examiner: Yudkoff; Norman
Assistant Examiner: Edwards; D.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Brown, Murray, Flick &
Peckham
Claims
We claim as our invention:
1. The combination with a coke oven door having a peripheral seal
defining an edge surface adapted to abut against a frame
surrounding an opening leading into a coke oven chamber, and
fastening means extending from said door for supporting said seal
in frictional engagement with side walls of said door, of apparatus
at spaced locations about the periphery of the door for positioning
said edge surface of the peripheral seal relative to said door
comprising, a shaft including a threaded end for support by said
door, a cam plate secured to said shaft for an abutting relation
with a rear edge of said seal opposite to said edge surface, said
cam plate having a cam surface generated from a spiral form with
the center thereof lying along the longitudinal axis of said shaft
in such a manner that the cam plate is self-locking with respect to
unwanted rotation of said shaft by forces transmitted from said
edge surface of the seal upon said cam plate, and a circular plate
supported by said shaft for clamping said seal against said door,
the centers of said cam plate and said circular plate lie along the
longitudinal axis of said shaft.
2. The combination according to claim 1 wherein said cam plates at
opposite sides of said door have said spiral form generated for
rotational adjustments in opposite directions.
3. The combination according to claim 2 further comprising nut
means carried by the threaded end of said shaft for securing said
circular plate and said cam plate relative to a side wall of said
door.
4. The combination according to claim 1 further comprising
resilient means for urging said door toward said frame to enclose
said opening leading into the coke oven chamber.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a coke oven door having a peripheral seal
which seats against a frame that encircles an opening leading to
the coke oven chamber. More particularly, the present invention
relates to a construction and relationship of parts employed to
hold the seal by frictional contact against the side walls of the
door and, at the same time, employed to adjustably locate the seal
for uniform contact with the door frame.
In the past, it has been widely known to provide coke oven doors
with side walls into which threaded shafts are received. A nut was
threaded onto the shaft at the inside of the door's side walls. At
the outside of the door's side walls, the shaft carried a
hook-shaped extension to engage the side of the seal while the back
edge of the seal was seated against the shaft where it extends from
the side wall of the door. The pressure applied by the hook-shaped
extension on the seal to abut it against the exterior wall of the
door was such that adjustments to the seal were accomplished by
directing hammer blows to the back of the seal and it was possible
for the seal to be displaced relative to the hook-shaped extension.
Thus, by directing the hammer blows to the back edge of the seal,
it was possible to position the seal according to the shape of the
oven door and to match the shape of the door frame. Both the oven
door and door frame are subject to certain deformations due to
thermal expansion during the coke oven operation. When this form of
seal was used for a coke oven door, the door became known in the
art as a hammer-blow door.
The present invention distinguishes itself from the hammer-blow
type of oven door by the fact that after the seal has been
positioned, the seal no longer rests against the shaft with the
hook-shaped extension but, instead, the seal is held in place
solely by the force of frictional contact between parts. The seal,
adjusted during the assembling procedure, is matched to the
constant thermal expansion curve of the coke oven door and to the
frame enclosing the opening into the oven chamber. After the seal
is positioned, it must remain in this position in order to insure a
tight-sealing relation with the oven chamber.
Coke ovens have recently been developed with a chamber height lying
with a range of heights of from 4 to almost 8 meters and this has
been accompanied with a proportional increase in the pressure
exerted by a coke oven door against the door frame of the oven.
Moreover, the coke oven doors develop cracks and become graphitized
whereby manual cleaning cannot be completely replaced by fully
automatic cleaning since there is the danger that localized
contamination will result in the transfer of unusually high forces
to the seal in certain regions of a particular door which would
overcome the frictional forces developed by the bolts with
hooked-shape ends holding the seal, thus causing the seal to slip
back away from the door frame.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved
coke oven door and particularly an improved hammer-blow type of
coke oven door by providing a construction and arrangement of parts
for adjustably supporting a seal member having an edge surface
adapted to uniformly contact a door frame surrounding an opening
leading to a coke oven chamber.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide an
improved coke oven door and particularly a hammer-blow type of door
having an arrangement of parts including hook bolts for developing
frictional forces to hold an edge seal to the side walls of the
door and resist the forces exerted by the door frame on the seal
and the arrangement of parts further includes the provision of
means for developing holding forces acting on the back edge of the
seal so that should any unanticipated external forces arise, no
movement of the edge seal will occur.
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided the
combination of a coke oven door having a peripheral seal defining
an edge surface adapted to abut against a frame surrounding an
opening leading into a coke oven chamber, of apparatus at spaced
locations about the periphery of the door for positioning the edge
surface of the seal relative to the door comprising, a shaft
including a threaded end for support by the door, a cam plate
supported by the shaft for an abutting relation with the rear edge
of the seal, the cam plate being carried by the shaft and designed
to provide a self-locking feature with respect to rotation of the
shaft to resist forces acting upon the edge surface of the seal,
and a circular plate supported by the shaft outwardly of the cam
for clamping the seal against the door.
The present invention additionally provides, in its preferred form,
that the cam plate includes a cam surface generated from a spiral
form with the center thereof lying along the longitudinal axis of
the shaft carrying the cam plate.
It is preferred that the aforesaid apparatus for positioning the
edge surface of the seal is provided at each of spaced-apart
locations about the periphery of the door and that bolts with
hooked ends are located therebetween to additionally hold the seal
to the side walls of the door. The ratio of the number of bolts
with hooked ends to the number of shafts with cam plates and
circular clamping plates must be generally determined in conformity
with special local conditions which would, of course, include the
actual size of the coke oven door.
The shafts with the threaded ends are positioned and held by the
door so that the circular clamping plates overlap the rear portion
of the edge seal and thereby define a segment of constant size. The
clamping plates are held in place by developing a particularly
selected torque applied between bolt heads formed on the extended
ends of the shafts and nuts on the ends of the shafts. The shafts
remain in position according to their given setting because of the
self-locking design of the cam plates.
These features and advantages of the present invention as well as
others will be more readily understood when the following
description is read in light of the accompanying drawings, in
which:
FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of a coke oven door;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the coke oven door shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III--III of FIG. 1;
FIGS. 4a and 4b are enlarged sectional views similar to FIG. 3 and
illustrating a bolt with a hooked end to hold an edge seal at
different positions;
FIGS. 5a and 5b are enlarged sectional views similar to FIG. 3 and
illustrating two different positions of an edge seal as determined
by a cam plate and a clamping plate according to the present
invention;
FIG. 6a is a plan view of the parts shown in FIGS. 4a and 5a;
FIG. 6b is a plan view of the parts shown in FIGS. 4b and 5b;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a shaft incorporating as an integral
part the cam plate and clamping plate according to the present
invention; and
FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line VIII--VIII of FIG.
7.
In FIG. 3, there is illustrated an opening 9 surrounded by a door
frame 10 for the opening leading into a coke oven chamber, not
shown. A coke oven door supports a peripheral seal 11 having an
edge surface 11a which may have the form of a knife-edge, adapted
to abut against the frame 10 and form a tight seal therewith. The
body of the coke oven door has a U-shaped cross section made up of
a front plate 12, side walls 13 and upper and lower end walls 14.
Distributed about the periphery of the door at spaced-apart
locations are holes that extend through the walls 13 and 14. Some
of these holes receive bolts with hook-shaped ends and other holes
receive a shaft having a cam plate and a circular clamping plate
according to the features of the present invention.
With reference now to the bolts with hook-shaped ends as
illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2, 4a, 4b, 6a and 6b, each of these bolts
is made up of a shaft 15 having threads at one end and a hook 16 at
the other end for holding the seal 11 by frictional contact in an
abutting relation with the walls 13 and 14. A nut 17 is located on
the threaded end of the shaft 15 at the inside of the walls. By
torquing the nut on the shaft to a predetermined value, it is
possible to adjust the frictional forces used to hold the seal
against the walls of the door.
At select locations about the periphery of the door, the holes in
the side walls thereof each receives a shaft 18 of the type shown
in FIGS. 7 and 8 instead of a bolt with a hooked end as just
described. In this regard, each shaft 18 has a threaded end 19
receiving a nut 17 to secure it at one side of the walls 13 or 14.
The shaft projects through a hole in the walls 13 or 14 from the
inside of the door where the nut 17 is located to the outside of
the door where a cam plate 26 is secured on the shaft. The cam
plate defines a cam surface which has the form of a spiral as
clearly illustrated in FIG. 8. Located at the extended side of the
cam plate 26 is a circular clamping plate 20 and at its extended
side there is located a hexagonal bolt head 25. The longitudinal
axis and more specifically the rotational axis of the shaft 18 is
denoted by the reference numeral 21 in FIGS. 7 and 8. In this
regard, it will be observed that the centers of the cam plate 26
and the clamping plate 20 lie along the longitudinal axis 21 of the
shaft.
As shown in FIG. 8, a cam surface of the cam plate 26 is generated
from a spiral form which begins to rise from its lowest point at
surface area 22 and reaches its greatest height at surface area 23
with respect to the center of the cam and the longitudinal axis 21
of the shaft. When the coke oven door is first put into place to
close the opening 9, the surface area 22 of the cam surface abuts
against the rear edge of the seal 11. If, during the course of the
operation, a gap occurs between the seal and the cam plate, the
shaft 18 must be rotated in the direction of arrow 24 until the cam
surface again comes to rest against the back edge of the seal. In
the preferred form of the present invention, the cam plates which
are located at the left side and the right side of the door have
their cam surfaces generated to spiral in opposite directions in
order to make it easier for a serviceman to make the necessary
adjustments to set the knife-edge seal by always rotating each
shaft 18 in the same direction irrespective of its location in the
door. In this respect, in order to move the edge surface 11a
relative to the door and in the direction of the frame, the
serviceman may simply rotate the clamping plates located in the
left side wall and right side wall of the door in the same
direction in order to bring the cam plates into contact with the
seal.
In FIG. 4a, the seal 11 is located such that its rear edge is
resting on the shaft 15 at a given location about the periphery of
the door. In FIG. 5a, a similar condition occurs where the rear
edge of the seal 11 contacts the lowest portion of the cam, that
is, the cam surface area 22. These relationships of parts are
additionally illustrated in FIG. 6a. After the seal is adjusted
relative to the hook bolts, the back edge of the seal may no longer
make contact with the shaft 15 as shown in FIG. 4b. In this event,
the cam plate 26 is rotated so that the cam surface is brought into
contact with the rear edge of the seal as shown in FIG. 5b. The
relationship of parts in this respect is additionally illustrated
in FIG. 6b. Thus, it will be understood that torque is applied to
the bolt head 25 to position the cam plate and rotate the clamping
plate at each location about the periphery of the door where the
cams are actually provided. When the cams are adjusted to contact
the rear edge of the seal as illustrated in FIGS. 5b and 6b, the
cam plate is self-locking with reference to rotation of the shaft
18 about its axis 21 even when external forces act on the seal. In
this manner, the seal 11 remains in its fixed position due to the
action by the cam plate 26. The friction developed by the hook 16
and the action of the cam plates 26 insure proper seating of the
surface 11a of the seal 11 against the frame 10 of the coke
oven.
The coke oven door is urged by springs 30 toward the frame 10
surrounding the opening 9. The resilient force of these springs is
applied directly to the front plate 12 and resisted by crossbeams
31 that are, in turn, carried by arms extending from the frame
10.
Although the invention has been shown in connection with a certain
specific embodiment, it will be readily apparent to those skilled
in the art that various changes in form and arrangement of parts
may be made to suit requirements without departing from the spirit
and scope of the invention.
* * * * *