U.S. patent number 3,874,825 [Application Number 05/381,182] was granted by the patent office on 1975-04-01 for multi-way tap for a filling machine.
Invention is credited to Hans G. Jentsch.
United States Patent |
3,874,825 |
Jentsch |
April 1, 1975 |
Multi-way tap for a filling machine
Abstract
A multi-way tap for a filling machine includes an enclosed
casing having external connections and an internal seat surface. A
control member is supported in the casing by a stub shaft for
rotation about an axis of the seat surface and has a mating surface
pressed into engagement with the seat surface by a clamp or
clamping mechanism including a spring acting on the stub shaft
externally of the casing, whereby the angular position of the
control member defines a flow path for a fluid to only one of the
external casing connections via ports and passages respectively
formed in the casing and the control member. The stub shaft is
connected to the control member on the side of the latter which
presents the mating surface and a free space of the casing, which
space may be the interior of the cylinder of a piston metering
pump, the free space being provided in the casing on the side
opposite to the mating surface. The spring clamp is releasable so
that the control member can be moved away from the seat surface
into the free space, during cleansing of the inside of the tap, by
displacement of the stub shaft inwardly of the casing.
Inventors: |
Jentsch; Hans G. (43 Essen,
DT) |
Family
ID: |
23504026 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/381,182 |
Filed: |
July 20, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
417/519;
137/241 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B67D
1/07 (20130101); F16K 11/065 (20130101); F16K
11/083 (20130101); F04B 7/0007 (20130101); B67C
3/001 (20130101); Y10T 137/4266 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
F16K
11/083 (20060101); F16K 11/065 (20060101); F16K
11/02 (20060101); F04B 7/00 (20060101); B67D
1/07 (20060101); B67D 1/00 (20060101); B67C
3/00 (20060101); F04b 007/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;417/437,519,313
;137/243.2 ;251/174,180,206 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,139,286 |
|
May 1961 |
|
DT |
|
670,480 |
|
Apr 1952 |
|
UK |
|
Primary Examiner: Freeh; William L.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Collard; Allison C.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A multi-way tap for a fluid filling machine, comprising in
combination: an enclosed hollow casing including external inlet
port connections and having an internal seat surface; a control
member disposed in said casing and having a mating surface
complementary to said seat surface; a stub shaft extending into
said casing and being connected to said control member to mount the
same for rotation about an axis common with that of said seat
surface; said control member being formed with a plurality of inlet
ports; respective passages being disposed in said casing which lead
from said external port connections toward said seat surface and
the location of at least one of said inlet ports; the angular
position and spacing of said inlet ports defining a sole flow path
at any given time for a fluid through only one of said external
port connections via one of said passages and one of said inlet
ports; and clamping means operatively coupled to said control
member for resiliently urging said mating surface into engagement
with said seat surface; said casing having a free space formed
adjacent said seat surface, and said clamping means being
releasable to enable movement of said control member into said free
space during a cleansing operation of the tap by displacement of
said stub shaft between a normal and an inwardly displaced
position; said stub shaft being connected to said control member on
the side of the latter which defines said mating surface, and said
casing being formed with said free space on the side of said
control member opposite to said mating surface; said casing having
a bore that receives said stub shaft, said bore including an
annular groove adjacent the inner end thereof, and a sealing ring
disposed in said groove to seal said stub shaft against said bore
so that a fluid-tight seal is provided between said stub shaft and
said sealing ring, both in a normal operating position of said
control member and in the displaced position of said stub shaft, in
order to enable the cleansing operation of the tap internally, in
closed circulation with liquid treating media, whereby inadvertent
leaking out of the media is prevented during the cleansing
operation.
2. The tap as defined in claim 1, wherein said seat surface and
said mating surface are complementary frusto-conical surfaces, said
control member being rotatable about the axis of the truncated
cone, said stub shaft being connected to said control member at the
smaller-diameter end of said mating surface, and said free space
being formed beyond the larger-diameter end of said seat
surface.
3. The tap as defined in claim 2, wherein said control member is in
the form of a hollow frusto-conical body which is open at its
larger-diameter end.
4. The tap as defined in claim 2, further comprising a piston
metering pump having a cylinder and a metering piston movable in
said cylinder, which latter is constituted by said free space, the
tap forming a closure for the front end of said cylinder, and said
free space receiving said control member during the cleansing
operation.
5. The tap as defined in claim 2, wherein said stub shaft includes
a shaft portion external to said casing, and said clamping means is
disposed on said external shaft portion.
6. The tap as defined in claim 5, wherein said external shaft
portion has thereon a screw thread, and wherein said clamping means
includes a component threaded on said external shaft portion, and a
spring engaged between said component and said casing.
Description
This invention relates to a multi-way tap suitable for a machine
for filling containers with a flowable material or a fluid.
The invention concerns in particular a tap of the kind which
includes an enclosed casing having external connections and
presenting an internal seat surface for co-operation with a mating
surface of a control member arranged in the casing for rotation
about an axis of the seat surface so that the angular position of
the control member defines a flow path for a flowable material to
one of the casing connections via ports and passages provided in
the casing and in the control member, and clamping means for
resiliently pressing the mating surface of the control member into
engagement with the seat surface of the casing. The clamping means
is releasable to enable movement of the control member away from
the seat surface into a free space in the casing during a cleansing
operation by displacement of a stub shaft which extends into the
casing and is connected to the control member.
Multi-way taps are used in filling machines, for example, for
alternately connecting a supply of the material to be dispensed to
a metering pump and connecting the metering pump to the container
which is to be filled. It has been found to be a disadvantage in
filling operations calling for sterile filling, for example in
packaging liquid or pastiform foodstuffs and pharmaceutical
liquids, that cleaning and sterilisation of a multi-way tap or a
filling machine necessitate the removal of the tap from the
machine, its dismantling and its individual introduction into a
cleaning or disinfecting solution. It is also undesirable that the
multi-way tap has to be removed and dismantled to enable the
residue of previously filled material to be removed when dealing
with materials which change frequently but must not be intermixed,
for example different paints.
The prior art discloses a filling device for bottle filling
machines (German Patent 842,902) having a conical tap plug which is
lifted from its seat surface against the force exerted by a spring
mechanism and is latched in the raised position during sterilizing
of the interior of the filling element by steam being blown
therein. After the sterilisation operation, the steam that has been
blown in is discharged as waste steam from the ports in the casing
which are exposed by the plug being lifted from its seat.
However, this arrangement does not enable the known filling element
to be cleaned or sterilised in a closed circuit. Furthermore,
liquid cleansing and disinfecting media, the use of which is
desirable for the cleaning of filling machines and which are
incomparably more effective than steam (see for example German
Patent Publications 1,203,147) cannot be used because these media
would discharge from the tap and be lost. Moreover, it is not
possible reliably to prevent the ingress of germs into the known
tap after completion of the sterilising operation before the plug
is returned to its working position against the seat surface of the
casing.
The prior art also discloses a multi-way tap of the kind described
hereinbefore for a filling machine for the sterile filling of
containers (U.S. Pat. No. 2,698,120) in which a frusto-conical
control member can be moved into a space formed in the enclosed
casing to enable sterilising to be carried out by means of steam
blown into the tap. The stub shaft of this tap is connected to the
control member at the larger diameter end of the member and the
shaft is withdrawn from the tap casing against the action of a
spring to move the control member away from the seat surface. Steam
which is blown into the tap casing will not then be discharged from
the multi-way tap but is discharged via the outlet ports in the
casing so that it may also be utilised for cleansing other vessels
which are connected to the outlet ports.
When the working position of the control member is restored, the
stub shaft section, which has been withdrawn from the casing for
the cleansing and sterilising operation and has therefore not been
treated, returns into the interior of the casing and may possibly
carry germs from the external atmosphere into the sterilised
interior of the tap. This known tap therefore has a non-sterile
bridging phase which may render the entire sterilising process
ineffective.
It is the object of the present invention to construct a multi-way
tap which is provided with an enclosed casing in such a way that it
can be completely cleansed and sterilised without dismantling, that
is in the installed state.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a multi-way tap of the
kind mentioned hereinbefore in which the shaft is connected to a
control member on the side of the latter which presents a mating
surface and a free space is provided in a casing on the opposite
side of the control member, whereby the latter is movable into the
free space on displacement of the stub shaft inwardly of the
casing.
Accordingly, when the control member is in the displaced state, all
internal surfaces and ports of the multi-way valve can be
simultaneously flushed from all sides without the flushing medium
being able to discharge outside the connections of the multi-way
tap.
In the multi-way tap constructed in this manner, the part of the
stub shaft which is pushed into the casing during sterilising is
exposed to the treatment medium during such sterilising operation
and is therefore also sterilised and cleansed. When the operating
position of the control member is restored, the treated stub shaft
part moves to the exterior and, where appropriate, entrains
sterilising fluid into a seal provided around the shaft so that the
seal is also subjected to a sterilising effect. A non-sterile
bridging phase is thus reliably avoided.
Since the casing of the multi-way tap is completely closed even
during the sterilising operation, it is possible for the treatment
to be performed in the desired manner in a closed circulation with
liquid treatment media, an optimum effect being achievable with a
minimum quantity of cleansing and sterilising liquid because the
latter can be pumped through the multi-way tap any desired number
of times.
The detachable clamping means, in a preferred embodiment of the
invention, is disposed on a portion of the stub shaft external to
the casing. Accordingly, the clamping device is easily accessible
and need not be cleansed or sterilised as for a clamping means
which is disposed in the interior of the tap.
Preferably, the external portion of the stub shaft is provided with
screw thread, and the clamping means includes a spring engaged
between the casing and a component which is threaded on the
external shaft portion. The resilient pressure of the control
member upon the seat thus obtained surface ensures that different
thermal expansions of the control member and of the casing are
resiliently compensated, for example when dispensing liquids at
elevated temperature, so that there will be neither excessive gaps
between the seat surface and the mating surface of the control
member, nor excessive contact pressure leading to difficult
movement of the tap. The contact force can also be easily adjusted
by means of the screw-mounted component.
It is suggested by the invention that, the stub shaft is sealed in
a bore of the casing by a sealing ring which is inserted in a
groove in the casing adjacent the inner end of the casing bore, the
sealing ring being preferably constructed of
polytetrafluoroethylene. The provision of the sealing ring adjacent
the inner end of the casing bore offers the previously mentioned
advantage that a portion of the stub shaft which has been treated
during the sterilising process passes through the seal when the
operating position is restored and thus introduces a small amount
of sterilising or cleansing fluid into the seal so that this is
also kept clean and sterile.
In order to shorten the pivoting path required for changing over
the tap, it is advisable to provide the control member with a
plurality of ports which can be aligned with the ports or passage
that open onto the seat surface of the casing, the ports in the
control member being so arranged that at any given time only one
port in the control member is aligned with one port of the
casing.
An important advantage of the multi-way tap embodying the invention
is that it can be directly mounted on the front end of a piston
metering pump of a filling machine, the free space for receiving
the control member during the cleansing operation being then
constituted by the interior of the cylinder of the piston metering
pump. When the multi-way tap, arranged in this manner, is flushed,
the interior of the cylinder of the metering pump will also be
cleansed and sterilised at the same time.
In order that the invention may be readily understood, an
embodiment thereof will now be described in more detail, by way of
a preferred example with reference to the accompanying drawing.
The single FIGURE of the drawing is a longitudinal section through
a preferred embodiment of the multi-way tap according to the
invention.
As shown in the drawing, the multi-way tap comprises two principal
parts, namely a casing 10 and a control member 12. In the
illustrated embodiment, the casing 10 is provided with two external
connections 14 and 16 communicating with respective inlet passages
18 and 20 of the member 12 which extend to a frusto-conical recess
of the casing 10, the surface of the recess forming an inner
frusto-conical seat surface 22.
The control member 12 is constructed as a hollow truncated cone of
complementary shape whose smaller-diameter end merges into a
latter. The stub shaft 24 extends through a bore 26 in the casing
10 which bore is located centrally of the recess in the casing 10.
The free end of the stub shaft 24 is provided with screw threads 28
on which a slotted nut 30 or an operating lever, not shown, may be
screw-mounted for rotating the control member 12.
A helical spring 36, whose prestress can be altered by adjusting
the slotted nut on the thread 28, is disposed between the casing
10, and a washer 32 situated on the casing side of the slotted nut
30. One end of the spring 36 is located in a turned recess 34
provided in the casing 10. When the slotted nut is sufficiently
retracted by screwing, it is possible to displace the control
member 12 in the direction of the arrow A into the position shown
in dash-dot lines.
The hollow frusto-conical part of the control member 12 is provided
with two movable ports 38 and 40 which may be brought into
alignment with one or the other of the casing passages 18 and 20 by
appropriate rotation of the control member. The drawing reveals
that the ports 38 and 40 are disposed in the wall of the control
member in such a way that only one of the connections 14 and 16 of
the casing 10 can be brought into communication with the hollow
interior of the control member 12 at any time.
The multi-way tap of the illustrated embodiment can be mounted
directly on a cylinder 42 of a piston metering pump, only the
outermost end of the cylinder being shown. The casing of the
illustrated tap is therefore not closed on the cylinder-connecting
side. The recess which is open towards the cylinder 42 and forms
the seat surface 22 may therefore be regarded as a third connection
of the multi-way tap.
To prevent liquid being discharged due to the clearance between the
stub shaft 24 and the casing bore 26, the casing 10 is provided
with a sealing ring 44 which is disposed in a corresponding groove
46. The sealing ring, preferably made of polytetrafluoroethylene,
bears on the smooth internal part of the stub shaft 24.
It will be seen that the smooth part of the stub shaft extends
sufficiently into the smooth part of the stub shaft 24 extends
sufficiently into the casing bore to ensure that the sealing ring
46 cannot be damaged by the thread 28 of the stub shaft when the
control member 12 is displaced into the position indicated by
dash-dot lines.
It is advisable to make the external diameter of the screw-threaded
part of the shaft 24 of smaller diameter than the external diameter
of the smooth part of the stub shaft so that the sealing ring seal
44 cannot be damaged by the screw-threading 28 even if the shaft
stub is pushed through completely.
For other applications it is possible for the casing to be extended
on the base side of the truncated cone and to be covered, for
example by means of a casing cover providing a further connection.
In order to retain the inventive advantage of thorough cleansing of
all interior surface of the tap, without the need for dismantling,
solely by simple flushing through, it is merely necessary to ensure
that sufficient free space remains within the closed housing for
displacing the control member.
The control member need not be constructed in a solid or hollow
frusto-conical form in order to obtain the advantages of the
invention and, in a limiting case, it may be constructed as a flat
disc forming a rotary valve.
* * * * *