U.S. patent number 3,865,729 [Application Number 05/382,477] was granted by the patent office on 1975-02-11 for pump for liquids, especially circulating pump for aquariums.
Invention is credited to Ulrich Baensch.
United States Patent |
3,865,729 |
Baensch |
February 11, 1975 |
Pump for liquids, especially circulating pump for aquariums
Abstract
A pump, especially for circulating liquid in an aquarium, in
which a pipe is disposed in a substantially vertical plane with the
lower end of the pipe being provided with an inlet and with the
upper end of the pump being bent off horizontally and provided with
an outlet. A spring resilient about a vertical axis is connected to
the lower end of the pipe and electromagnetic means is provided for
causing the pipe to oscillate about a vertical axis near the inlet
in the lower end of the pipe, thereby to cause liquid to be
expelled from the outlet of the pipe.
Inventors: |
Baensch; Ulrich (452 Melle,
DT) |
Family
ID: |
5851656 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/382,477 |
Filed: |
July 25, 1973 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Jul 26, 1972 [DT] |
|
|
2236521 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
210/167.21;
417/240; 417/410.1; 210/416.2 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F04D
33/00 (20130101); A01K 63/047 (20130101); F04F
7/00 (20130101); F04B 17/042 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A01K
63/04 (20060101); F04D 33/00 (20060101); F04B
17/03 (20060101); F04F 7/00 (20060101); F04B
17/04 (20060101); E04h 003/20 (); F04b
017/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;210/416,169,194,197
;417/322,412,413,474,240,410,572 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Granger; Theodore A.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Becker; Walter
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. In a pump, especially for liquids, a container having a bottom
wall and side walls and open at the top, a pipe disposed in a
generally vertical plane and having an inlet end at the bottom
extending into the container from above and a laterally offset
outlet end at the top which is directed outwardly over the upper
edge of the container, said container being adapted to receive
liquid in an amount sufficient to immerse at least the lower end of
said pipe, a spring in the container connected to the pipe and
resiliently supporting the pipe for oscillatory movement in a
substantially horizontal direction in the container, magnetic
armature means connected to the pipe, and an electromagnet in about
the same horizontal plane as said armature and engageable by a
pulsating electric current to cause said armature and pipe to
oscillate and thereby pump liquid from within the container out
over the upper edge of the container.
2. A pump according to claim 1 in which said spring is a vertically
extending torsionally resilient spring and has the upper end
connected to said pipe near the lower end of the pipe and extends
downwardly from the pipe to near the bottom wall of the container,
means in the container fixedly supporting the lower end of the
spring, the torsional resilience of the spring permitting
oscillation of said pipe about a vertical axis near the axis of
said spring.
3. A pump according to claim 1 in which said pipe is sufficiently
rigid to be substantially nondeformable during operation of said
pump.
4. A pump according to claim 1 in which said pipe is bent with the
pipe being substantially vertical in the region of the lower inlet
end and substantially horizontal in the region of the upper outlet
end.
5. A pump according to claim 1 in which said spring is a
substantially vertical leaf-like spring which is both laterally and
torsionally resilient.
6. A pump according to claim 1 in which said spring is a
substantially vertical leaf-like spring which is both laterally and
torsionally resilient, said pipe bending off toward one side at the
upper outlet end, the said pipe near the lower inlet end being
connected to the upper end of said spring on the side of the spring
nearest the outlet end of said pipe, said pipe being bodily
pivotable laterally about a vertical axis near the said side of
said spring.
7. A pump according to claim 1 in which said spring is in the form
of a strip of hard synthetic material.
8. A pump according to claim 1 in which the spring extends
downwardly from the pipe and has the upper end in engagement with
the side of the pipe near the lower end of the pipe, and a body of
material encapsulating the upper end of the spring and the lower
end of the pipe while leaving the inlet end of the pipe
exposed.
9. A pump according to claim 8 in which said armature means is also
encapsulated in said body of material.
10. A pump according to claim 1 in which the spring extends
downwardly from the pipe and has the upper end in engagement with
the side of the pipe near the lower end of the pipe, said armature
means being connected to at least one of said pipe and spring near
the connection of the spring to the pipe.
11. A pump according to claim 2 in which said armature means
comprises a pair of permanent magnets disposed on opposite sides of
the common plane of said pipe and spring.
12. A pump according to claim 1 in which said electromagnet is
adjustable relative to said armature.
13. A pump according to claim 2 in which said armature means
comprises a pair of permanent magnets disposed on opposite sides of
the common plane of said pipe and spring, the magnetic axis of said
electromagnet extending substantially horizontally in the region of
said plane and at about the level of said magnets, and means
supporting said electromagnet for rotation about an axis parallel
to said magnetic axis and disposed vertically therebeneath.
14. A pump according to claim 1 in which said container includes an
inlet near the bottom for the supply of liquid thereto.
15. A pump according to claim 14 which includes a filter element in
series with the said container inlet.
16. A pump according to claim 1 in which said container is adapted
for being supported inside a wall of an aquarium while said
electromagnet is adapted for being supported outside the said wall
of the aquarium.
17. A pump according to claim 1 in which the lower end of said pipe
is substantially vertical while the pipe is bent off so the upper
end is substantially horizontal, said pipe being disposed in about
the same vertical plane as the axis of said electromagnet, said
spring being in the form of a strip having the longer cross
sectional axis in said plane and connected on the edge facing away
from the electromagnet to the lower end of said pipe, said armature
means comprising permanent magnets mounted on opposite sides of
said strip near the level of said axis of said electromagnet.
Description
The present invention relates to a pump for liquids, which is
driven by an electromagnetic alternating field, and particularly
concerns a circulating pump driven in said manner for aquariums,
which pump is preceded by a filter.
The invention furthermore concerns such pumps which are provided
with a pipe which for guiding the liquid is movable in a transverse
direction, said pipe being adapted by an electromagnet at its free
ends to be deviated to a greater extent than that end which faces
the pump inlet.
With heretofore known pumps of the type involved, the above
mentioned pipes are flexible and are arranged in a rigid housing
which has an inlet and an outlet for forming the pump inlet and the
pump outlet. A pump of this type has only a low degree of
efficiency because that part which is intended for guiding the
liquid has to be deformed continuously while being subjected to
bending stresses. Furthermore, the back and forth movement of the
hose-like pipe brings about only a moderate increase in pressure
within the rigid housing for the pump.
It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to improve the
above mentioned pumps in such a way that a pump housing will not be
needed while in spite of a simple construction of the pump, its
degree of efficiency will be greatly improved.
These and other objects and advantages of the invention will appear
more clearly from the following specification, in connection with
the accompanying drawing, in which:
FIG. 1 is a vertical partial section through an aquarium with
built-in pump.
FIG. 2 is a view of FIG. 1 as seen in the direction of the arrow II
of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 represents a section along the line III--III of FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a section taken along the line IV--IV of FIG. 1.
FIG. 5 represents a section taken along the line V--V of FIG.
1.
The pump according to the present invention which is equipped with
a preceding filter, and with a pipe which is adapted by means of an
electromagnet at its free end to be deviated to a greater extent
than at the end which faces the pump inlet, is characterized
primarily in that the pipe is suspended in an oscillating manner on
a spring and is pivotable in an inclined upward direction about a
vertical axis located within the region of the lower pipe end. In
order to realize this pivoting operation or pivot movement, an
armature or permanent magnet may be connected to the pipe and/or
the spring so that in view of the magnetic forces emanated by the
electromagnet, a swinging back and forth or a pivoting in the above
mentioned direction may occur.
In view of the fact that the lower end of the pipe is located in or
in the vicinity of the above mentioned pivot axis, said lower end
serves as pump inlet, whereas the upper pipe end which is located
in spaced relationship to the pivot axis forms the outlet of the
pump. At this outlet, the liquid leaves in the form of a jet which
forms as a sector-shaped fan in conformity with the pivot range of
the pipe. A pump housing is not necessary because the mounting and
suspension of the mentioned pipe is effected by the above mentioned
spring which, in its turn, is fixedly journaled at one end.
In view of the elastic suspension of the pipe, only minor forces
are necessary in order to realize a sufficient pump or centrifuging
effect. As a result thereof, also the possibility exists of
arranging the said pipe with its elastic suspension within the
liquid and to arrange the magnet outside of the vessel containing
the liquid. This, however, makes it necessary that the wall of the
vessel permits the passage of magnetic force lines of the
alternating current magnet.
Referring now to the drawing in detail, the aquarium shown therein
is filled with water having a water level 1 and comprises an upper
frame 2 and glass panes 3. Within the aquarium there is provided a
box 4 which is open at the top and which is mounted on the pane 3
in any convenient or standard manner and preferably is connected
thereto so as to be adjustable as to height. For instance, some
metal or plastic hooks may be connected to the box 4 and suspended
at the upper edge of the pane 3 or a metal frame for the latter.
The box 4 has a suction conduit 5 connected to the bottom of box 4
while a filter cartridge 6 of foamed material, or the like, is
mounted on said conduit 5.
In the lower portion of the box 4 there is provided a holding
member 7 for a leaf spring 8 which may consist, for instance, of
synthetic material and which has its lower end firmly clamped in.
This leaf spring extends approximately vertically upwardly within
the box 4. To the upper free end of the leaf spring 8 there is
connected a pipe 9 of rigid synthetic material, for instance, hard
polyvinylchloride, the main axis of which is located in the plane
in which the leaf spring 8 is located. The pipe 9 rises at its
lower portion at an inclination of some 60.degree. to 80.degree.
upwardly and has its free end bent off in the direction toward the
interior of the aquarium, and more specifically, in such a way that
the free end of the pipe 9 forms only a small angle with the
horizontal plane. To the upper end of the leaf spring 8 there are
furthermore connected two permanent magnets 10. The leaf spring 8
is arranged between the two magnets 10 which are poled in the same
direction.
The upper end of the leaf spring 8, the two magnets 10, and the
lower portion of pipe 9 may be covered by a body a of synthetic
material with rounded outer surface or may be worked into said
body. This arrangement has the advantage that all parts are held
firmly together. Moreover, the water resistance is less when the
pump is in operation.
On the outside of the aquarium and connected to the pane 3 is a
plate 11 which engages pane 3 and preferably is adjustable relative
thereto. Plate 11 has a round window 12 which is engaged by a
pot-shaped container 14 which is open toward the aquarium. The
container 14 is rotatable in said window 12 as indicated by the
double arrow 13 of FIG. 2. This container 12 serves for receiving
the alternating current magnets 15 with the electrical cable 16,
winding 17 and U-shaped core 18.
By means of the electromagnet 15 in cooperation with the permanent
magnet 10, the free end of pipe 9 can be turned, which pipe can be
pivoted, as indicated at 19, about a vertical axis 20, which for
all practical purposes is determined by the front edge 21 of the
leaf spring 8. The pivot axis is thus located very closely to the
lower end of the pipe 9 which forms the inlet or the inlet opening
for the pump. The water ascending in pipe 9 will then in the form
of a sector be centrifuged in the direction of the deviation at 19
as indicated by the direction of the arrow 22.
As will be evident from the above, the leaf spring acts primarily
as a torsion spring in order in this way to bring about a pivoting
of the pipe 9 in the direction of the double arrow 23. In this
connection, it is important that the lower end of pipe 9 remains
practically at rest, whereas the upper free end of the pipe 9 is
deviated toward both sides.
Accordingly, the water of the aquarium enters the box 4 in the
direction of the arrows 24 through the filter cartridge 6 and the
suction conduit 5. The fact that the construction of the pump is
simple and that the devices effecting the drive of the pump are
located outside the aquarium greatly contributes to a long life of
the pump which may be used above all where a continuous servicing
of the pump is impossible and the purchase costs must be kept low.
Therefore, the pump according to the invention is particularly
suitable as circulating pump for aquariums, but is also suitable
for fountains and for sprinkling.
It is, of course, to be understood that the present invention is,
by no means, limited to the specific showing in the drawing, but
also comprises any modificaations within the scope of the appended
claims.
* * * * *