U.S. patent number 3,848,723 [Application Number 05/381,951] was granted by the patent office on 1974-11-19 for adapter key caps.
Invention is credited to Lois M. Hogue.
United States Patent |
3,848,723 |
Hogue |
November 19, 1974 |
ADAPTER KEY CAPS
Abstract
An adapter key cap reduces the possibility of typographical
errors on a modern typewriter having character and service keys
arranged and aligned in parallel rows. A raised, beveled projection
disposed on the key cap allows a typist to tactically know when the
fingers are properly positioned on the "home keys". When a typist
is frequently interrupted by other office tasks, a considerable
savings in time is assured by the invention since there is no time
wasted visually checking the positioning of the fingers after each
interruption.
Inventors: |
Hogue; Lois M. (San Diego,
CA) |
Family
ID: |
23506982 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/381,951 |
Filed: |
July 23, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
400/490;
400/715 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B41J
5/12 (20130101); H01H 2217/024 (20130101); H01H
2221/066 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B41J
5/00 (20060101); B41J 5/12 (20060101); B41j
005/16 () |
Field of
Search: |
;197/98,100,102,103 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Bagwill; Robert E.
Assistant Examiner: Rader; R. T.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Sciascia; Richard S. Johnson; Ervin
F. Keough; Thomas Glenn
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. In a typewriter having character and service keys arranged in
aligned parallel rows and all being uniformly shaped with concave
upper surfaces, an improvement therefor is provided comprising:
an adapter key cap fabricated from a lightweight material and
having a shell-like wall appearance and further having the
configuration of a lower-open-ended hollow pyramidal frustum sized
to snugly fit over particular ones of said keys, the closed upper
surface of the pyramidal frustum is flat except for being provided
with a single outwardly facing beveled projection along its rear
perimeter having a cross-sectional shape defining an angle greater
than ninety degrees at its apex to reduce the possibility of
irritating a typist's fingers and to allow tactile identification,
and the underside of the closed upper surface is coated with an
adhesive to ensure connection to particular ones of said keys.
2. An improvement according to claim 1 in which there are provided
at least three outwardly facing beveled projections arranged in a
side-by-side relationship to give the closed upper surface a
corrugated configuration.
Description
STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT INTEREST
The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or
for the Government of the United States of America for governmental
purposes without the payment of any royalties thereon or
therefor.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In bygone years the typewriters of the day had rows of parallel
keys which were interconnected to type a particular character. At
the ends of these rows the service keys, for example, the shift
key, the shift lock key, carriage return key, etc. were staggered
from the rows of character keys so there was less chance of
mistakenly positioning the fingers on the wrong keys. There was
little time lost because a visual inspection for proper finger
placement was unnecessary. Contemporary typewriters, however, have
included more function keys along with the character keys and have
arranged these function keys in a coextensively aligned
relationship with the rows of character keys. Because the exposed
surfaces of the service and character keys are identically
configured, a popular design being a square, slightly concave
surface, it is difficult to tell whether one's hands are properly
placed on the typewriter or not. With the older typewriters, the
staggered service keys could be felt and a typist could reposition
the hands and fingers accordingly. However, with the more modern
machines, frequent visual inspections are necessitated. While
aligning the service keys with the character keys may augment the
speed and capabilities of the more modern typewriters, there is a
tendency to create more errors due to improper hand placement. This
is particularly true when, for example, a typist's attention is
repetitively diverted to the performance of ancillary secretarial
duties. Obviously, the possibility of improperly placing the hands
and the consequent errors is totally avoided by merely looking
where the hands are with respect to the typewriter keyboard. Yet,
during a long, arduous typing task that is frequently interrupted,
the time wasted during the accumulated inspection periods could be
considerable, indeed, and greatly effect the efficiency of a
particular typist. One noteworthy attempt to reduce typing errors,
particularly in the older models, is shown in the U.S. Pat. No.
1,148,721 issued to R. D. Scott on Aug. 3, 1915. Caps having
relatively large upwardly protruding rims were placed on certain
keys. These caps being larger than the other keys would tend to
distract a typist and could irritate the pads of the fingers during
long typing jobs. A need continues to exist for a device which
tactically indicates finger location yet does not interfere with
the typing efficiency.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to providing for an improvement
for a typewriter having character and service keys arranged and
aligned in parallel rows and all being uniformly shaped with
square, concave upper surfaces. An adapter key cap having a hollow,
pyramidal frustum configuration is sized to fit over particular
ones of the keys and the key cap has a flat surface with a beveled
projection to allow a tactile identification of the positioning of
the fingers on the keys. These features eliminate the time
otherwise wasted during repeated visual inspections for determining
the placement of the fingers with respect to the keys.
A prime object of the invention is to provide a device for
increasing the efficiency of a typist.
Another object of the invention is to provide a device giving a
typist a tactile indication of the placement of the fingers with
respect to the keyboard.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide a device for
giving a tactile positioning capability which will not irritate the
pads of the fingers.
These and other objects of the invention will become more readily
apparent from the ensuing specification when taken with the
drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a frontal view of a typewriter keyboard showing the
invention in place.
FIG. 2 is an isometric depiction of an adapter key cap mounted on a
typewriter.
FIG. 3 is an isometric depiction of the adapter key cap removed
from the typewriter key.
FIG. 4 is a variation of the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to the drawings, there is shown a representative
modern typewriter 10 having a standard arrangement of character
keys 11 and a number of service or function keys 12. When the
character keys strike, the letters of the alphabet, numerals,
punctuation, etc. are typed and when the service keys are struck
some preset function is initiated. These preset functions are
provided to ensure the saving of much typing time and to create a
more finished end product. For instance, service keys optionally
are backspace keys, space bars, return keys, index keys, etc.,
which automatically repeat a function when they are depressed below
a first to a second level and held in-place.
With the additional functions the keyboard becomes more crowded.
The luxury of having staggered keys and random spacing no longer
can be afforded so that the character keys and the service keys now
are arranged more compactly in aligned parallel rows. This
arrangement coupled with the fact that the upper surfaces of the
character keys and the service keys usually are identically
configured with concave surfaces, increases the possibility of
typing errors. Consequently, when a typist's attention is diverted
from typing, such as to answer a phone, to change the position of a
copy being transcribed, etc., a visual observation of the keyboard
is necessary to realign the fingers with the proper keys.
Usually, a typist places the pads of the fingers on or near the
"home keys." The left hand "home keys" 13, "a", "s", "d", and "f",
and right hand "home keys" 14, "j", "k", "l", and ";" are located
conveniently enough. Yet because the adjacent keys are identically
shaped, even the most experienced typist will misplace the fingers
from time to time.
The present invention, an adapter key cap 15, has been designed to
reduce the possibility of typographical errors. The adapter key cap
has a hollow, pyramidal, frustum configuration with downwardly
sloping sides 16 dimensioned to cover and rest upon certain ones of
the keys of a modern typewriter. Although the bottom of the key cap
is open, a flat upper surface 17 closes the upper end of the cap
and lends structural integrity. Since most modern typewriters have
keys with square, concave upper surfaces, the flatness of surface
17 by itself may be sufficient from which a skilled typist could
differentiate this surface from the surface of the other keys not
so equipped.
By including an outwardly facing beveled projection 18 on the rear
perimeter of the flat upper surface, reliable tactile
identification of a particular key is greatly facilitated. The
outwardly facing beveled projection, by being so mounted on the
rear edge of the adapter key cap, does not greatly interfere with
typing. By shaping its apex 19, having an angle greater than
90.degree., a surface is exposed which does not irritate the pads
of the fingers after prolonged periods of typing.
In the present application a typist can easily identify the
location of the fingers with respect to the "home keys" by sensing
with the pads of the little finger on the left and right hands,
respectively, the positioning of the "home key" letter "a",
indicated by the reference character 13a, and the positioning of
the "home key" punctuation ";" indicated by the reference character
14a.
Looking to FIGS. 2 and 3 of the drawings, mounting an adapter key
cap on the "home key" 13a is a simple matter due to the inclusion
of an adhesive coating 20 on the cap's inner surface. The hollow
adapter key cap is fitted over a key and pressed securely. The key
cap should be oriented so as to locate outwardly facing beveled
projection 18 on the side away from the typist. Such a location
reduces the possibility of irritating a typist's fingers. The
possibility of irritation is reduced further by having the apex 19
of the projection shaped with the greater than 90.degree. angle. A
typewriter so equipped with the adapter key cap can be operated
with a greater degree of efficiency because of a marked reduction
in errors otherwise caused by misplacement of the hands.
A variation of the preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 4 which
shows an adapter key cap having a corregated upper surface 21 in
place of the single outwardly facing beveled projection of the
aforedescribed embodiment. Here again, the angles appearing at the
apex of the projections of the corregated surface are greater than
90.degree. to avoid the possibility of irritating the pads of a
typist's fingers.
In either configuration the material from which the adapter key cap
is fabricated is chosen to be relatively lightweight so as not to
interfere with the operation of the typewriter. In other words, a
molded, plastic is quite suitable and fabrication of the adapter
key cap from a lightweight metal sheet is also contemplated within
the scope of this invention.
Obviously, many modifications and variations of the present
invention are possible in the light of the above teachings, and, it
is therefore understood that within the scope of the disclosed
inventive concept, the invention may be practiced otherwise than
specifically described.
* * * * *