U.S. patent number 3,847,054 [Application Number 05/396,662] was granted by the patent office on 1974-11-12 for burst fire mechanism for auto-loading firearm.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Sturm, Ruger & Co. Inc.. Invention is credited to William B. Ruger, Harry H. Sefried, II.
United States Patent |
3,847,054 |
Ruger , et al. |
November 12, 1974 |
BURST FIRE MECHANISM FOR AUTO-LOADING FIREARM
Abstract
An auto-loading firearm that may be fired semi-automatically and
fully automatically is provided with a firing mechanism that
permits bursts of, say, three rounds to be fired each time the
trigger is pulled. The mechanism comprises a secondary sear
disengager and interrupter support member pivotally mounted on the
frame of the firearm so that upward movement of the forward end of
the support member will cause the upper end of the secondary sear
to move rearwardly out of engagement with the secondary sear notch
of the hammer. An automatic fire activator link is pivotally
mounted on an activator link positioner which, in turn, is
pivotally mounted on the frame. The activator link positioner and
the activator link are longitudinally movable to a rearwardmost, to
an intermediate and to a forwardmost position, and the activator
link is vertically movable to a lowermost and to an uppermost
position. An indexing and interrupter assembly is rotatably mounted
on the forward end of the support member, said assembly comprising
an indexing ratchet having a predetermined number of ratchet teeth
and an interrupter disc having at least one disengager arm contact
surface and at least one disengager arm receiving notch. An
indexing pawl is pivotally mounted on the hammer, the pawl engaging
the teeth of the indexing ratchet and rotating said indexing and
interrupter assembly one tooth at a time each time a cartridge is
fired. When the activator link is at its rearwardmost position, it
is out of engagement with the forward end of the support member,
thereby permitting the secondary sear to remain in engagement with
the secondary sear notch of the hammer after each round is fired.
When the activator link is at its intermediate position, the
activator link engages the rearward end of a rocker arm and is also
moved into position to contact the interrupter disc. When the bolt
of the firearm is closed the rearward end of the rocker arm is at
its upper position and the activator link is brought into contact
with the interrupter disc. When the bolt is moved rearwardly to its
open position, the rearward end of the rocker arm moves downwardly
and the activator link is moved out of contact with the interrupter
disc. When the upwardly moving activator link contacts an arm
contact surface of the interrupter disc, the secondary sear is
moved out of engagement with the secondary sear notch and the
firearm fires automatically. When the activator link enters an arm
receiving notch of the interrupter disc, the secondary sear remains
in engagement with the secondary sear notch and automatic firing is
interrupted. When the activator link is at its forwardmost
position, it contacts the interrupter disc and moves the support
arm upwardly each time a round is fired, thereby firing the firearm
automatically as long as the trigger is pulled.
Inventors: |
Ruger; William B. (Southport,
CT), Sefried, II; Harry H. (New Haven, CT) |
Assignee: |
Sturm, Ruger & Co. Inc.
(Southport, CT)
|
Family
ID: |
26265582 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/396,662 |
Filed: |
September 21, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
89/129.02;
89/141 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F41A
19/02 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F41A
19/00 (20060101); F41A 19/02 (20060101); F41d
011/10 () |
Field of
Search: |
;89/129B,141,142 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
|
|
|
3345914 |
October 1967 |
Newcomb et al. |
|
Primary Examiner: Bentley; Stephen C.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Pennie & Edmonds
Claims
We claim:
1. In an auto-loading firearm having a frame, a barrel secured to
the frame, a bolt mounted for longitudinal travel in the frame
behind the barrel, an auto-loading mechanism connected to the bolt
for moving the bolt from its forward closed position to its
rearward open position and return when the firearm is fired, a
hammer pivotally mounted on the frame, said hammer being formed
with a primary sear notch and with a secondary sear notch, a
trigger pivotally mounted on the frame, said trigger having a
primary sear for engaging the primary sear notch of the hammer, a
secondary sear pivotally mounted on the frame for engaging the
secondary sear notch of the hammer, a rocker arm pivotally mounted
on the frame, the rearward end of the pivoted rocker arm being
moved upwardly when the bolt is at its forward closed position and
being moved downwardly when the bolt is moved to its rearward open
position, said upward and downward movement of the rocker arm
alternately causing the secondary sear to be disengaged from and
permitting the secondary sear to engage the secondary sear notch of
the hammer, the improvement which comprises a firing mechanism
capable of firing semi-automatically, fully automatically and in
bursts of predetermined duration, said mechanism comprising:
a secondary sear disengager and interrupter support member
pivotally mounted on the frame, upward movement of the forward end
of said pivoted support member causing the upper end of the
secondary sear to move rearwardly out of engagement with the
secondary sear notch of the hammer,
an indexing and interrupter assembly rotatably mounted on the
forward end of said support member, said assembly comprising an
indexing ratchet having a predetermined number of ratchet teeth and
an interrupter disc having at least one disengager arm contact
surface and at least one disengager arm receiving notch,
an indexing pawl pivotally mounted on the hammer, said pawl
engaging the teeth of said indexing ratchet and causing said
indexing and interrupter assembly to rotate one tooth at a time
each time a cartridge is fired,
an activator link positioner pivotally mounted on the frame for
longitudinal movement to a rearwardmost, to an intermediate and to
a forwardmost position,
an automatic fire activator link pivotally mounted on said
activator link positioner, said activator link having a rocker arm
engaging means adapted to engage the rearward end of said rocker
arm and a secondary sear disengager arm adapted to contact the
interrupter disc of the indexing and interrupter assembly, said
rocker arm engaging means and said secondary sear disengager arm
being movable forwardly and rearwardly by corresponding movement of
the activator link positioner and being movable upwardly and
downwardly by corresponding movement of said rocker arm when in
engagement therewith, said secondary sear disengager arm moving the
foreward end of said support member upwardly to disengage said
secondary sear when said disengager arm is moved forwardly and
upwardly into contact with an arm contact surface of said
interrupter disc,
said activator link positioner being moved to its rearwardmost
position to place the activator link at its semi-automatic fire
position at which the rocker arm engaging means is out of
engagement with the rearward end of the rocker arm and the
disengager arm is out of position to contact the interrupter disc
of the indexing and interrupter assembly,
said activator link positioner being moved to its intermediate
position to place the activator link at its burst fire position at
which the rocker arm engaging means is in engagement with the
rearward end of the rocker arm and the forward end of the
disengager arm is in position to contact the arm contact surfaces
and to enter the arm receiving notches of the interrupter disc when
the disengager arm is caused to move upwardly by the rocker arm,
and
said activator link positioner being moved to its forwardmost
position to place the activator link at its fully automatic fire
position at which the rocker arm engaging means is in engagement
with the rearward end of the rocker arm and the forward end of the
disengager arm is in position to contact the arm contact surfaces
of the interrupter disc and is forward of the position at which it
can enter the arm receiving notches of the interrupter disc when
the disengager arm is caused to move upwardly by the rocker
arm.
2. The firearm according to claim 1 in which a manual movable
firing mode selector is pivotally mounted on the frame, said
selector being connected to the activator link positioner and being
movable about its pivotal mounting to move said activator link
positioner to its rearwardmost, its intermediate and its
forwardmost positions.
3. The firearm according to claim 1 in which the secondary sear
disengager and interrupter support member is secured to the
secondary sear, whereby upward movement of the forward end of said
support member moves the upper end of the secondary sear rearwardly
out of engagement with the secondary sear notch of the hammer.
4. The firearm according to claim 1 in which the secondary sear and
the secondary sear disengager and interrupter support member are
independently pivotally mounted on the frame, in which said support
member is formed with a secondary sear stop surface and in which
said secondary sear is formed with a stop engaging lug, said stop
engaging lug normally contacting said secondary sear stop surface,
whereby upward movement of the forward end of said support member
causes the upper end of the secondary sear to move rearwardly.
5. The firearm according to claim 1 in which the trigger is
provided with a support member lifting lug that normally is in
contact with the secondary sear disengager and interrupter support
member, forward movement of the trigger causing the support member
lifting lug to move the forward end of said support member upwardly
and thereby move the upper end of the secondary sear rearwardly out
of engagement with the secondary sear notch of the hammer.
6. The firearm according to claim 1 in which the trigger is
provided with an activator movement preventer lug that is adapted
to move into engagement with a first preventer receiving surface
formed in the activator link when the activator link is at its
rearwardmost position, into engagement with a second preventer
receiving surface formed in said activator link when said activator
link is at its intermediate position, and into engagement with a
third preventer receiving surface formed in the activator link when
said activator link is at its forwardmost position.
7. The firearm according to claim 1 in which the interrupter disk
is formed with at least one disengager arm receiving notch, and in
which the indexing ratchet is formed with at least two ratchet
teeth.
8. The firearm according to claim 1 in which the interrupter disk
is formed with at least two disengager receiving notches and in
which the indexing ratchet is formed with a number of ratchet teeth
that is a multiple of the number of said disengager arm receiving
notches.
9. The firearm according to claim 1 in which the indexing and
interrupter assembly is provided with a detent that releasably
detains said assembly from further rotation after said assembly has
been rotated an angular distance equivalent to one ratchet tooth by
the indexing pawl.
10. The firearm according to claim 1 in which the automatic fire
activator link is formed with a trigger pivot pin receiving slot
that is adapted to engage the pivot pin on which the trigger is
pivotally mounted when said activator link is at its rearwardmost
position, said pivot pin receiving slot being moved out of
engagement with the said pivot pin when the activator link is moved
forwardly to its intermediate position.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to autoloading firearms, and in particular
to a firing mechanism for such firearms capable of firing a burst
comprising a predetermined number of rounds.
2. Prior Art
Auto-loading firearms, for example, automatic rifles, are well
known in the art. Many such firearms, and in particular military
arms, are designed to be fired both semi-automatically in which
mode one round is fired each time the trigger is pulled and fully
automatically in which mode the firearm fires continuously as long
as the trigger is pulled. When the firearm is in its fully
automatic mode of operation, it is frequently desirable to fire
relatively short bursts of, say, three or four rounds per burst to
conserve ammunition and to improve accuracy. Burst fire mechanisms
for automatic firearms have heretofore been proposed. However,
these prior burst fire mechanisms are generally overly complicated
and unreliable, and in any case these mechanisms are generally
unadaptable for use with the type of automatic firearm with which
the present invention is concerned.
After an intensive investigation of the problems inherent in the
design and functioning of burst fire mechanisms for auto-loading
firearms, we have now devised an improved firing mechanism for such
firearms which is versatile, reliable, and uncomplicated.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The burst fire mechanism of the invention is applicable to the
general type of auto-loading firearms having a frame, a barrel
secured to the frame, a bolt mounted for longitudinal travel in the
frame behind the barrel, and an auto-loading mechanism for moving
the bolt from its forward closed position to its rearward open
position and return when the firearm is fired. The auto-loading
mechanism may be of the gas operated, recoil operated, or blow-back
type, provided rearward and forward movement of the bolt results
directly or indirectly with a rocking movement of a rocker arm
pivotally mounted on the frame. The pivotally mounted hammer is
formed with a primary sear notch and with a secondary sear notch,
and the pivotally mounted trigger is provided with a primary sear
for engaging the primary sear notch of the hammer. A secondary sear
is pivotally mounted on the frame for engaging the secondary sear
notch of the hammer. The aforementioned rocker arm is pivotally
mounted on the frame, the rearward end of rocker arm being moved
upwardly when the bolt is at its forward closed position and being
moved downwardly when the bolt is moved to its rearward open
position. The upward and downward movement of the rocker arm
alternately causes the secondary sear to be disengaged from and
permitting the secondary sear to engage the secondary sear notch of
the hammer.
The improved firing mechanism of the invention is capable of firing
semi-automatically, fully automatically, and in bursts of
predetermined duration. The firing mechanism comprises a secondary
sear disengager and interrupter support member pivotally mounted on
the frame. Upward movement of the forward end of the pivoted
support member causes the upper end of the secondary sear to move
rearwardly out of engagement with the secondary sear notch of the
hammer. An indexing and interrupter assembly is rotatably mounted
on the forward end of the support member, said assembly comprising
an indexing ratchet having a predetermined number of ratchet teeth
and an interrupter disc having at least one disengager arm contact
surface and at least one disengager arm receiving notch. An
indexing pawl is pivotally mounted on the hammer, said pawl
engaging the teeth of said indexing ratchet and causing said
indexing and interrupter assembly to rotate one tooth at a time
each time a cartridge is fired. An activator link positioner is
pivotally mounted on the frame for longitudinal movement to a
rearwardmost to an intermediate and to a forwardmost position. An
automatic fire activator link is pivotally mounted on the activator
link positioner, said activator link having rocker arm engaging
means adapted to engage the rearward end of the rocker arm and a
secondary sear disengager arm adapted to contact the interrupter
disc of the indexing and interrupter assembly, said rocker arm
engaging means and said secondary sear disengager arm being movable
forwardly and rearwardly by corresponding movement of the activator
link positioner and being movable upwardly and downwardly when in
engagement therewith. The secondary sear disengager arm moves the
forward end of the secondary sear and interrupter support member
upwardly to disengage the secondary sear when the disengager arm is
moved forwardly by the activator link positioner and is moved
upwardly by the rocker arm into contact with an arm contacting
surface of the interrupter disc.
When the activator link positioner is moved to its rearwardmost
position, the activator link is placed at its semiautomatic fire
position at which the rocker arm engaging stud is out of engagement
with the rearward end of the rocker arm and the disengager arm is
out of position to contact the interrupter disc of the indexing and
interrupter assembly.
When the activator link positioner is moved to its intermediate
position, the activator link is placed at its burst fire position
at which the rocker arm engaging stud is in engagement with the
rearward end of the rocker arm and the forward end of the
disengager arm is in position to contact the arm contact surfaces
and to enter the arm receiving notches of the interrupter disc when
the disengager arm is caused to move upwardly by the rocker arm.
When the activator link positioner is moved to its forwardmost
position the activator link is placed at its fully automatic fire
position at which the rocker arm engaging stud is in engagement
with the rearward end of the rocker arm and the forward end of the
disengager arm is in position to contact the arm contact surfaces
of the interrupter disc and is forward of the position at which it
can enter the arm receiving notches of the interrupter disc when
the disengager arm is caused to move upwardly by the rocker
arm.
In an advantageous embodiment of the invention a manually movable
firing mode selector is pivotally mounted on the frame, the
selector being connected to the activator link positioner and being
adapted to move the activator link positioner to its rearwardmost,
its intermediate and its forwardmost positions. Other advantageous
features of the firing mechanism of the invention will be apparent
from the following detailed description thereof.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The improved firing mechanism of the invention will be better
understood from the following description thereof in conjunction
with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of an auto-loading rifle
embodying the invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view along an irregular vertical plane
extending longitudinally through the receiver portion and the
adjacent stock and forearm portions of the rifle of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary perspective view of the receiver showing
the fire control selector and the rocker arm pivotally mounted
thereon.
FIG. 3a is an exploded view of the fire control selector
assembly.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the trigger housing assembly.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the rearward end of the receiver
showing where the selector assembly is pivotally mounted
thereon.
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the trigger housing assembly of FIG.
4.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view along line 7--7 of FIG. 8 showing the
fire control selector assembly as it is mounted on the
receiver.
FIG. 8 is a fragmentary view of the firing mechanism, with parts
broken away for better visibility, showing the firing mechanism in
its burst fire mode at the start of the burst firing cycle with the
trigger at rest and the hammer cocked and ready for firing.
FIG. 9 is a fragmentary view similar to FIG. 8 showing the firing
mechanism in its burst fire mode in the middle of the burst firing
cycle with the trigger pulled, the bolt open, and the hammer held
temporarily by the secondary sear.
FIG. 10 is a fragmentary sectional view through the trigger and
secondary sear showing the indexing ratchet and pawl mechanism and
the indexing detent arrangement.
FIG. 11 is a fragmentary view similar to the left hand portion of
FIG. 9 showing the firing mechanism in its burst fire mode in the
middle of the burst firing cycle with the trigger pulled, the bolt
closed, and the secondary sear moved rearwardly out of engagement
with the secondary sear notch thereby releasing the hammer.
FIG. 12 is a fragmentary view similar to FIG. 11 showing the firing
mechanism in its burst fire mode at the end of the burst firing
cycle with the trigger pulled, the bolt closed, the disengager arm
received in the disengager arm receiving notch of the interrupter
disc, and the hammer held in its rearward position by the secondary
sear.
FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the secondary sear, the
interrupter and indexing ratchet assembly and the indexing pawl
showing the relative positions of these parts.
FIG. 14 is a fragmentary view of the firing mechanism, with parts
broken away for better visibility, showing the firing mechanism in
its fully automatic mode in the middle of the automatic firing
cycle with the trigger pulled, the bolt open, and the hammer held
temporarily by the secondary sear.
FIG. 15 is a fragmentary view similar to FIG. 14 showing the firing
mechanism in its fully automatic mode with the trigger pulled, the
bolt closed, and the secondary sear withdrawn from engagement with
the secondary sear notch, thereby releasing the hammer.
FIG. 16 is a fragmentary view of a modification of the secondary
sear and interrupter support arm arrangement with portions of the
trigger in section.
FIG. 17 is a perspective view of the modified secondary sear and
interrupter support arm arrangement shown in FIG. 16.
FIG. 18 is an exploded view of the trigger and the secondary sear
and interrupter support arm assembly shown in FIG. 17.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
As shown best in FIG. 1, the principal externally visible
components of a typical gas-operated auto-loading rifle of the type
to which the present invention relates include a barrel 10, a
receiver 11 to which the barrel is secured, a longitudinally
movable bolt 12 mounted in the receiver 11 behind the barrel 10, a
longitudinally movable slide 13 having a slide cocking handle 14
that is connected to the bolt 12, a trigger 15 and trigger guard
16, a magazine 17 and magazine latch 18, a stock 19 having a stock
forearm 20, a forearm upperhand guard 21, a gas block 22 having a
block clamp portion 23, a rear sight 24, and a safety activating
lever 25. As shown in FIG. 2, the stock 19 is formed with a
vertical slot or cut-out portion 26 in which the magazine 17 and
the firing mechanism associated with the trigger 15 are received,
and the stock forearm 20 is formed with a channel-shaped recess 27
in which the forward end of the slide 13 and the parts associated
therewith are received.
Referring again to FIG. 2, the barrel 10 is formed with a bore 28
having a cartridge chamber 29 at the rearward end thereof. The
longitudinally movable bolt 12 is provided with a firing pin 30 in
position to strike a cartridge received in the chamber 29, an
extractor (not shown) and a spring loaded ejector 32. The trigger
15 is pivotally mounted on the trigger housing 34 by means of the
trigger pivot pin 35 that extends through the pivot hole 36 (shown
best in FIG. 6) formed in the trigger 15. The trigger 15 is
provided with a positioner pivot receiving slot 37, with a sear arm
and primary sear 38 and with a trigger spring 39. Secondary sear 40
is also mounted on the pivot pin 35, the secondary sear being
provided with a secondary sear spring 41. A hammer 42 is pivotally
mounted on the housing 34 by means of the hammer pivot pin 43 in
position to strike the rearward end of the firing pin 30 when the
bolt 12 is in its closed position. The hammer 40 is provided with a
rearwardly extending sear notch arm having a primary sear notch 45
and a secondary sear notch 46. A hammer strut 47 and spring 48
presses the hammer 42 toward its firing position as shown in FIG.
2. The receiver 11 and the parts associated therewith is inserted
into the slot 26 from above and the trigger housing 34 and the
parts associated therewith is inserted into the slot 26 from below,
the receiver 11 and the housing 34 being secured together to form
an assembly referred to herein and in the claims as the frame.
The magazine 17 is adapted to contain a plurality of cartridges 50
and is located in the slot 26 of the stock 19 directly below the
bolt 12 when the bolt is in its closed position. The magazine 17
advantageously comprises a box-like structure that is removable
from the slot 25, the magazine being held in position in the slot
by the front magazine latch 51 and the manually operated rear
magazine latch 18. A magazine follower 52 is disposed within the
magazine 17 below the cartridge 50, the magazine follower having a
follower spring (not shown) that presses the magazine follower
upwardly, thereby moving the cartridge 50 into position to be
loaded into the chamber 29 by the bolt 12.
As noted, the auto-loading mechanism is preferably gas operated,
although other types of mechanisms (for example recoil and
blow-back mechanisms) are well known in the art, the action shown
in the drawings being a modification of the bolt and auto-loading
mechanism of the M-14 rifle. In this modification a slide block
(not shown) is located within the channel-shaped recess 27 of the
forearm 20, the slide block being connected to the slide 13 and
being held in its forward position by the slide spring 54 that is
mounted on the slide spring guide rod 55. When the rifle is fired,
powder combustion gases drive the slide block rearwardly against
the pressure of the slide spring 54 thereby causing the bolt 12 to
move rearwardly to its open position, the slide spring 54 then
moving the bolt 12 forwardly to its closed position in a manner
well known in the art.
The rifle may be fired in any of three distinct modes of operation
-- namely, a semi-automatic mode in which one round is fired each
time the trigger is pulled; a burst fire mode in which a burst of,
say, three rounds is fired each time the trigger is pulled; and a
fully automatic mode in which the rifle fires continuously as long
as the trigger is pulled. A fire control selector 57 is pivotally
mounted on the side of the receiver 11. When the selector 57 is at
the position "S" shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 the firing mechanism is
placed in its semi-automatic mode of operation, when the selector
57 is at the position "B" shown in FIGS. 8, 9 and 12 the firing
mechanism is placed in its burst fire mode of operation, and when
the selector 57 is at the position "A" shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 the
firing mechanism is placed in its fully automatic mode of
operation.
In all modes of operation the firing mechanism is in its cocked and
ready-to-fire condition when the hammer 42 is rotated rearwardly
against the pressure of the hammer strut 47 and spring 48 so that
the primary sear notch 45 is engaged and held by the primary sear
38, when a live cartridge is in the chamber 29 and when the bolt 12
is in its closed and locked position. When the firing mechanism is
in its semi-automatic mode of operation, the trigger 15 is pulled
to disengage the primary sear 38 from the primary sear notch 45,
thereby allowing the hammer 42 to spring forward against the
rearward end of the firing pin 30 which, in turn, strikes and fires
the cartridge in the chamber 29. Powder combustion gases force the
slide 13 and the bolt 12 rearwardly against the pressure of the
slide spring 54. Rearward movement of the bolt 12 rotates the
hammer 42 rearwardly so that the secondary sear notch 46 of the
hammer is engaged and held by the secondary sear 40. The pressure
of the slide spring 54 then causes the slide 13 and the bolt 12 to
move forwardly to their closed positions. When the trigger 15 is
released and allowed to return to its usual position, the primary
sear notch 45 is engaged and held by the primary sear 38 while, at
the same time, the secondary sear notch 46 is released by the
secondary sear 40. The rifle is now again in its cocked and
ready-to-fire position. This sequence of operations may be repeated
one shot at a time until the magazine 17 is empty.
When the firing mechanism is in its burst fire mode of operation
and is in its ready-to-fire condition, pulling the trigger 15
disengages the primary sear 38 from the primary sear notch 45
thereby releasing the hammer 42 and firing the cartridge in the
chamber 29. Powder combustion gases force the slide 13 and the bolt
12 rearwardly against the pressure of the slide spring 54, and
rearward movement of the bolt 12 rotates the hammer 42 rearwardly
so that the secondary sear notch 46 of the hammer is engaged and
held temporarily by the secondary sear 40. The pressure of the
slide spring 54 then causes the slide 13 and the bolt 12 to move
forwardly to the bolt closed position. As soon as the bolt 12 is
closed and locked the automatic fire mechanism causes the secondary
sear 40 to be disengaged from the secondary sear notch 46 thereby
allowing the hammer 42 to spring forwardly and fire the fresh
cartridge in the chamber 29 as in fully automatic operation. This
sequence of operations is repeated automatically until a
predetermined number of rounds of ammunition (say, three rounds)
have been fired. When the predetermined number of rounds have been
fired an automatic fire interrupter mechanism causes the secondary
sear 40 to remain in engagement with the secondary sear notch 46
and to hold the hammer 42 in its cocked position after the bolt 12
is closed and locked. When the trigger is released and allowed to
return to it usual position, the primary sear notch 45 of the
hammer is engaged and held by the primary sear 38 while, at the
same time, the secondary sear notch 46 is released by the secondary
sear 40. Once again the rifle is in its cocked and ready-to-fire
condition.
When the firing mechanism is in its fully automatic mode of
operation and is in its ready-to-fire condition, pulling the
trigger 15 disengages the primary sear 38 from the primary sear
notch 45 which allows the hammer 42 to spring forward and fire the
cartridge in the chamber 29. Rearward travel of the slide 13 and
the bolt 12 rotates the hammer 42 rearwardly so that the secondary
sear notch 46 is engaged and held temporarily by the secondary sear
40. When the bolt 12 moves forwardly to its closed and locked
position the automatic fire mechanism disengages the secondary sear
40 from the secondary sear notch 46 thereby allowing the hammer 42
to spring forwardly and fire the fresh cartridge in the chamber 29.
This sequence of operations is repeated until the trigger 15
released and allowed to return to its usual position at which
position the primary sear notch 45 of the hammer 42 is engaged and
held by the primary sear 38 of the trigger. As before, the rifle is
again in its cocked and ready-to-fire condition.
As shown best in FIGS. 3 and 3a, the fire control selector assembly
57 comprises a selector thumb piece 58, a selector arm 59, a
retaining pin 60, and a retaining pin detent spring 61 and plunger
62. The selector thumb piece is formed with a selector shaft
receiving hole 63, a retaining pin groove 64, and a detent spring
and plunger receiving hole 65. The selector arm 59 is provided wiJh
a selector shaft 66 and with a positioner engaging stud 67, the
shaft 66 being formed with a retaining pin receiving hole 68. The
fire control selector assembly is mounted on the receiver 11 by
inserting the shaft 66 into the shaft pivot hole 70 formed in the
receiver (FIG. 5). The thumb piece 58 is then mounted on the shaft
and the retaining pin 60 is inserted in the groove 64 and through
the hole 68, the retaining pin 60 being held in place by the detent
spring 61 and plunger 62 which have previously been inserted in the
hole 65. When mounted on the receiver as shown in FIG. 3 the
selector assembly 59 can be rotated to any one of the three
positions marked S, B, or A (shown best in FIG. 5 of the drawing),
the selector being detained in the selected position by the detent
lug 71 on the inward facing surface of the thumb piece 58 which is
releasably received in one of the detent recesses 72 formed in the
receiver 11, as shown best in FIG. 7.
As shown best in FIGS. 2, 4, 6, and 8, an activator link positioner
73 is pivotally mounted on the trigger housing 34 by means of the
positioner pivot stud 74. The positioner pivot stud 74 extends
through the positioner pivot receiving slot 37 formed in the
trigger 15 and serves as the backstop for the trigger spring 39.
The activator link positioner 73 is provided with an activator
pivot stud 75 on which the automatic fire activator link 76 is
pivotally mounted and with a positioner engaging stud receiving
slot 77 in which the positioner engaging stud 67 of the fire
control selector 57 is received. The automatic fire activator link
76 is provided with a pivot hole 78 in which the activator pivot
stud 75 is received, a rocker arm engaging stud 79, a secondary
sear disengager arm 80, and a trigger pivot pin receiving slot 81.
The activator link is also formed with preventer lug engaging
surfaces 82, 83 and 84 as hereinafter described. A retaining ring
85 retains the activator pivot stud 75 in the pivot hole 78.
As shown best in FIGS. 3, 8 and 9, a longitudinally extending
rocker arm 87 is pivotally mounted on the member 88 that depends
from the right hand side of the receiver 11. The forward end of the
rocker arm 87 is provided with a slide contacting finger 89 that
extends upwardly through an opening 90 formed in the receiver 11
beneath the slide handle 14 of the slide 13, and the rearward end
of the rocker arm 87 is provided with a fork-like member that is
formed with a stud receiving slot 92 that is adapted to receive the
rocker arm engaging stud 79 of the automatic fire activator link
76. A rocker arm spring 93 urges the rearward end of the pivoted
rocker arm 87 downwardly and the forward end upwardly. The slide
handle 14 is provided with a rocker arm depressor lug 94 which
contacts the slide contacting finger 89 of the rocker arm 87 when
the slide handle 14 is at its forwardmost position, the depressor
lug 94 forcing the forward end of the rocker arm downwardly and the
rearward end upwardly against the pressure of the spring 93 as
shown in FIG. 8. When the slide handle 14 is moved rearwardly the
rocker arm depressor lug 94 is moved out of contact with the slide
contacting finger 89 of the rocker arm 87 thereby allowing the
forward end of the rocker arm to move upwardly and the rearward end
of the rocker arm to move downwardly as shown in FIG. 9.
It will be understood that other types of rocker arm engaging means
may be substituted for the rocker arm engaging stud 79 of the
activator link 76 and the stud receiving slot 92 of the rocker arm
87. For example, the positions of the stud 79 and slot 92 may be
exchanged, or an idler link arrangement may be employed. Other
equivalent rocker arm engaging means will be apparent to those
skilled in the art.
As shown best in FIG. 2, when the fire control selector 5 is at its
semi-automatic fire position "S", the activator link positioner 73
is rotated about the pivot stud 74 to its rearwardmost position,
and the automatic fire activator link 76 is moved to its
rearwardmost position at which position the trigger pivot pin 35 is
received in the pin receiving slot 81 of the activator link and the
rocker arm engaging stud 79 is out of engagement with the stud
receiving slot 92 of the rocker arm 87. As shown best in FIGS. 8
and 9, when the fire control selector 57 is at its burst fire
position "B", the activator link positioner 73 is rotated about the
pivot stud 74 to a position intermediate its rearwardmost (FIG. 2)
and its forwardmost (FIG. 14) positions, and the automatic fire
activator link 76 is moved to its intermediate position at which
position the trigger pivot pin 35 is moved out of engagement with
the pin receiving slot 81 and the rocker arm engaging stud 79 is
moved into engagement with the stud receiving slot 92 of the rocker
arm 87. As shown best in FIGS. 14 and 15, when the fire control
selector 57 is at its fully automatic fire position "A" the
activator link positioner 73 is rotated about the pivot stud 74 to
its forwardmost position, and the automatic fire activator link 76
is moved to its forwardmost position at which position the rocker
arm engaging stud 79 is received in the stud receiving slot 92 of
the rocker arm 87.
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 and in FIGS. 14 and 15, when the rocker
arm engaging stud 79 of the automatic activator link 76 is received
in the stud receiving slot 92 of the rocker arm 87, the activator
link 76 is caused to move upwardly and then downwardly about the
pivot-stud 75 when the rearward end of the rocker arm 87 is moved
upwardly by the rocker arm depressor lug 94 and then downwardly by
the rocker arm spring 93, as hereinbefore described. Upward and
downward movement of the automatic fire activator link 76 about the
pivot stud 75 causes the secondary sear disengager arm 80 of the
activator link 76 to move upwardly and downwardly as hereinafter
described.
A sear disengager and interrupter support member 96 is pivotally
mounted on the trigger pivot pin 35. In the embodiment shown in
FIGS. 2, 6 and 8 through 15 of the drawings, the support member 96
is an integrally formed part of the secondary sear 40 which, of
course, is pivotally mounted on the pivot pin 35. In this
embodiment the secondary sear spring 41 urges the secondary sear 40
forwardly into engagement with the secondary sear notch 46 of the
hammer 42 and also urges the forward end of the integral support
member 96 downwardly about the pivot pin 35. In the embodiment
shown in FIGS. 16, 17 and 18 of the drawings, the support member
96a and the secondary sear 40a are separate parts both of which are
pivotally mounted on the pivot pin 35. In this embodiment the
secondary sear spring 41a urges the secondary sear 40a forwardly
into engagement with the secondary sear notch 46 of the hammer 42
and a separate support member spring 97 urges the forward end of
the separate support member 96a downwardly about the pivot pin
35.
In both embodiments, upward movement of the support member 96 or
96a causes the secondary sear 40 or 40a to move rearwardly against
the pressure of the secondary sear spring 41 or 41a, respectively,
and out of engagement with the secondary sear notch 46 of the
hammer 42. In the first embodiment, the support member 96 is an
integrally formed part of the secondary sear 40. In the second
embodiment, the support member 96a is provided with a secondary
sear stop surface 98 that is contacted by the laterally extending
stop engaging lug 99 of the secondary sear 40a so that, when the
support member 96a is moved upwardly about the pivot pin 35, the
secondary sear 40a is moved rearwardly about the pivot pin 35.
Conversely, forward movement of the secondary sear 40 or 40a beyond
a predetermined point is prevented by blocking downward movement of
the integral support member 96 or the separate support member 96a
by means of the support member lifting lug 100 of the trigger 15.
The support members 96 and 96a are caused to move upwardly, and
thereby to disengage the secondary sear 40 or 40a, by the support
member lifting lug 100 of the trigger 15 or by the secondary sear
disengager arm 80 of the activator link 76, as hereinafter
described.
A burst fire indexing and interrupter assembly is rotatably mounted
on the forward end of the interrupter support members 96 and 96a.
As shown best in FIGS. 6, 10, 13 and 18, the indexing and
interrupter assembly comprises an interrupter shaft 102 having an
interrupter disc 103 secured to one end thereof and having an
indexing ratchet 104 mounted on the ratchet stud 105 at the
opposite end thereof and secured thereto by the ratchet pin 106.
The interrupter shaft 102 is rotatably mounted in the shaft
receiving hole 107 formed in the forward end of the support member
96 (and support member 96a). The indexing ratchet 104 is formed
with a predetermined number (for example, six) of ratchet teeth
108, and the interrupter shaft 102 is formed with a corresponding
number of interrupter detent recesses 109. A detent plunger 110 and
spring 111 is received in the plunger receiving hole 112 formed in
the support member 96, the spring pressed plunger 110 engaging one
of the detent recesses 109 in the interrupter shaft 102 to
releasably detain the indexing ratchet 104 and interrupter disc 103
at a given index position.
The outer periphery of the interrupter disc 103 is provided with
secondary sear disengager arm contact surfaces 114 and with
secondary sear disengager arm receiving notches 115. When the
interrupter disc 103 is rotated to a position at which the
disengager arm contact surface 114 is directly above the end of the
disengager arm 80 as shown in FIGS. 9 and 11, and when the
disengager arm 80 is moved upwardly by the action of the rocker arm
87 as shown in FIG. 11, the disengager arm 80 will contact the arm
contact surface 114 and move the end of support member 96 upwardly
about the pivot pin 35. As previously noted, when the secondary
sear notch 46 is engaged by the secondary sear 40 (or 40a) upward
movement of the support member 96 (and 96a) moves the secondary
sear 40 (and 40a) rearwardly about the pivot pin 35 and out of
engagement with the secondary sear notch 46 of the hammer 42. When
the interrupter disc 103 is rotated to a position at which one of
the arm receiving notches 115 is directly above the end of the
disengager arm 80 as shown in FIG. 12, upward movement of the
disengager arm 80 caused by the action of the rocker arm 87 will
move the end of the disengager arm into the arm receiving notch 115
and thereby avoid upward movement of the forward end of the support
member 96 with concomittant disengagement of the secondary sear
40.
An indexing pawl 117 having a ratchet engaging pawl tooth 118 is
pivotally mounted on the hammer 42 by means of the pawl pivot pin
119 in position to engage the ratchet teeth 108 of the indexing
ratchet 104. As shown best in FIGS. 6 and 10, a pawl support pin
120 on the inner surface of the safety 25 supports the pawl 117 and
maintains the pawl tooth 118 in position to engage the ratchet
teeth 108 of the indexing ratchet 104. In addition, a pawl spring
121 may be provided which urges the pawl 117 upwardly against the
indexing ratchet 104 and thereby helps maintain the pawl tooth 118
in engagement with the ratchet teeth.
When the hammer 42 is in its forward position as shown in FIGS. 2
and 4 and in outline in FIG. 10, the pawl tooth 118 of the indexing
pawl 117 is out of engagement with the ratchet teeth 108 of the
indexing ratchet 104. As shown best in FIG. 10, when the rifle is
fired (or manually cocked), the hammer 42 rotates rearwardly to its
cocked position thereby causing the pawl tooth 118 to engage one of
the teeth 108 of the indexing ratchet 104 and to rotate the
indexing ratchet a predetermined fractional part of a complete
revolution (in the present case, one-sixth of a complete
revolution). The spring loaded detent plunger 110 engages the
corresponding detent recess 109 to prevent further rotation of the
indexing ratchet 104. Thus, it will be seen that each time the
rifle is fired the indexing pivot 117 will cause the indexing
ratchet 104 and the interrupter disc 103 to rotate an angular
distance equivalent to the angular spacing of the ratchet teeth
108, one tooth at a time. That is to say, when the rifle is in its
semi-automatic mode of operation the indexing ratchet 104 and the
interrupter disc 103 will be rotated an angular distance equivalent
to the angular distance between the teeth 108 of the ratchet 104
each time the trigger 15 is pulled. When the rifle is in its burst
fire mode of operation the indexing ratchet 104 and interrupter
disc 103 will be rotated on an angular distance corresponding to
the number of rounds fired in each burst. When the rifle is in its
fully automatic mode of operation, the rifle will fire continuously
as long as the trigger 15 is pulled and the indexing ratchet 104
and interrupter disc 103 will be rotated an angular distance
corresponding to the number of rounds that are fired.
When the rifle is in its burst fire mode of operation, the number
of rounds fired in each burst (that is, each time the trigger is
pulled) is determined by the number of ratchet teeth 108 on the
indexing ratchet 104 and by the number of disengager arm receiving
notches 115 formed in the interrupter disc 103. Automatic fire is
interrupted when the interrupter disc 103 is rotated to the
position at which the disengager arm 80 will enter an arm receiving
notch 115 formed in the interrupter disc. In the embodiment shown
in the drawings, the indexing ratchet 104 is formed with six
ratchet teeth 108 and the interrupter disc 103 is formed with two
disengager arm receiving notches 115. As a consequence, every time
the rifle fires one round the indexing ratchet 104 and the
interrupter disc 103 will be rotated one-sixth of a revolution, and
after three rounds the interrupter disc will have been rotated
one-half a revolution to bring one of the arm receiving notches 115
into position to receive the end of the disengaging arm 80 and
thereby interrupt the automatic firing of the rifle. The system
permits great versatility in the length of the burst fire sequence.
For example, the combination of an indexing ratchet 104 having six
ratchet teeth 108 with an interrupter disc 103 having three equally
spaced arm receiving notchs 115 would provide a burst of two rounds
each time the trigger is pulled; the combination of an indexing
ratchet having eight ratchet teeth 108 with an interrupter disc
having two arm receiving notches 115 would provide a burst of four
rounds; the combination of an indexing ratchet having five ratchet
teeth 108 with an interrupter disc having one arm receiving notch
115 would provide a burst of five rounds; and so on up to the limit
imposed by the physical dimensions of the parts involved. Moreover,
the burst fire mode of operation can be eliminated by providing an
interrupter disc 103 having no arm receiving notches, and the fully
automatic mode of operation can be eliminated by blocking movement
of the fire control selector 57 or the activator link positioner 73
or the automatic fire activator link 76 into their respective
automatic fire positions.
As previously noted, the firing mechanism is in its cocked and
ready-to-fire condition when the hammer is rotated rearwardly
against the pressure of the spring loaded hammer strut 47 so that
the primary sear notch 45 is engaged and held by the primary sear
38, when a live cartridge is in the chamber 29, and when the bolt
12 is in its closed and locked position. This ready-to-fire
condition of the rifle is shown best in FIG. 8 in connection with
the burst fire mode of operation.
When the fire control selector knob 57 is rotated to the position
"S" as shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the firing mechanism is placed in
its semi-automatic mode of operation. In its semi-automatic mode,
the activator link positioner 73 is at its rearwardmost position,
and the automatic fire activator link 76 is also at its
rearwardmost position at which position the trigger pivot pin 35 is
received in the pin receiving slot 81 of the activator link and the
rocker arm engaging stud 79 is out of engagement with the stud
receiving slot 92 of the rocker arm 87. When the firing mechanism
is in its ready-to-fire condition, the trigger 15 is pulled to
disengage the primary sear 38 from the primary sear notch 45
thereby allowing the hammer 42 to spring forward against the
rearward end of the firing pin 30 which, in turn, strikes and fires
the cartridge in the chamber 29. Pulling the trigger 15 rearwardly
about the pivot pin 35 moves the support member lifting lug 100
downwardly a corresponding distance, thereby allowing the support
member 96 (or 96a) to move downwardly and the secondary sear 40 (or
40a) to move forwardly into position to engage the secondary sear
notch 46 of the hammer 42. In addition, rearward movement of the
trigger 15 moves the activator movement preventer lug 123 into
engagement with the preventer receiving surface 82 thereby
preventing movement of the activator link positioner 73 when the
rifle is fired.
When the cartridge is fired, powder combustion gases force the
slide 13, the slide handle 14 and the bolt 12 from their forward
closed positions to their rearward positions. Rearward movement of
the slide handle 14 allows the forward end of the rocker arm 87 to
move upwardly which causes the rearward end of the rocker arm to
move downwardly from its upper position to its lower position as
previously described. However, as the rocker arm engaging stud 79
of the activator link 76 is out of engagement with the stud
receiving slot 92 of the rocker arm 87, the downward movement of
the rearward end of the rocker arm has no effect on the firing
sequence. Rearward movement of the bolt 12 extracts and ejects the
spent cartridge case and also rotates the hammer 42 rearwardly so
that the secondary sear notch 46 of the hammer is engaged and held
by the secondary sear 40 (or 40a).
The pressure of the slide spring 54 then causes the slide 13 to
move forwardly carrying with it the slide handle 14 and the bolt
12. As the bolt 12 moves from its open position to its closed
position, it picks up a fresh cartridge 50 from the magazine 17 and
inserts the cartridge in the chamber 29 in the manner known in the
art. When the slide handle 14 reaches its forward closed position,
the depressor lug 94 forces the forward end of the rocker arm 87
downwardly which moves the rearward end of the rocker arm upwardly
as previously described. However, as the rocker arm engaging stud
79 is out of engagement with the stud receiving slot 92, upward
movement of the rearward end of the rocker arm 87 has no effect on
the firing sequence. When the trigger 15 is released and allowed to
return to its usual position, the primary sear notch 45 of the
hammer is engaged and held by the primary sear 38 of the trigger
while, at the same time, the secondary sear notch 46 is released by
the secondary sear 40 (or 40a). That is to say, forward movement of
the trigger 15 to its usual position causes the support member
lifting lug 100 to move upwardly a corresponding distance thereby
moving the support member 96 (or 96a) upwardly and the secondary
sear 40 (or 40a ) rearwardly out of engagement with the secondary
sear notch 46. The rifle is now once again in its cocked and
ready-to-fire position. This sequence of operations may be repeated
one shot at a time until the magazine 17 is empty.
When the fire control selector knob 57 is rotated to the position
"B" as shown in FIGS. 8, 9, 11 and 12, the firing mechanism is
placed in its burst fire mode of operation. In its burst fire mode,
the activator link positioner 73 and the automatic fire activator
link 76 are at their intermediate position at which position the
trigger pivot pin 35 is moved out of engagement with the pin
receiving slot 81 of the activator link and the rocker arm engaging
stud 79 is moved into engagement with the stud receiving slot 92 of
the rocker arm 87, as shown best in FIG. 8. In addition, the
secondary sear disengager arm 80 is moved forwardly into position
to be received in the arm receiving notch 115 of the interrupter
disc 103 as shown in FIGS. 8 and 12 and to contact the arm contact
surface 114 of the interrupter disc 103 as shown in FIGS. 9 and
11.
When the firing mechanism is in its ready-to-fire condition as
shown in FIG. 8, the trigger 15 is pulled to disengage the primary
sear notch 45 thereby allowing the hammer 42 to spring forward
against the rearward end of the firing pin 30 which, in turn,
strikes and fires the cartridge in the chamber 29. Pulling the
trigger 15 rearwardly about the pivot pin 35 moves the support
member lifting lug 100 downwardly a corresponding distance, thereby
allowing the support member 96 to move downwardly and the secondary
sear 40 to move forwardly into position to engage the secondary
sear notch 46 of the hammer 42. In addition, rearward movement of
the trigger 15 moves the activator movement preventer lug 123 into
engagement with the preventer receiving surface 83 as shown in FIG.
9.
Powder combustion gases force the slide 13, the slide handle 14 and
the bolt 12 rearwardly against the pressure of the slide spring 54.
As shown in FIG. 9, rearward movement of the slide handle 14 allows
the forward end of the rocker arm 87 to move upwardly which causes
the rearward end of the rocker arm to move downwardly to its lower
position. Because the rocker arm engaging stud 79 of the activator
link 76 is in engagement with the stud receiving slot 92 of the
rocker arm 87, the downward movement of the rearward end of the
rocker arm causes the activator link 76 to be rotated downwardly
about the pivot stud 75 which, in turn, moves the secondary sear
disengager arm 80 downwardly out of contact with the interrupter
disc 103. Rearward movement of the bolt 12 rotates the hammer 42
rearwardly about the pivot pin 43 so that the secondary sear notch
46 of the hammer is engaged and temporarily held by the secondary
sear 40, as shown in FIG. 9. At the same time, as shown best in
FIG. 10, the tooth 118 of the indexing pawl 117 engages one of the
ratchet teeth 108 of the indexing ratchet 104 thereby causing the
indexing ratchet 104 and the interrupter disc 103 to rotate an
angular distance equivalent to the spacing of the ratchet teeth
108. This rotation moves the interrupter disc 103 from the position
shown in FIG. 8 to the position shown in FIG. 9 at which the arm
contact surface 114 of the interrupter disc is in position to be
contacted by the disengager arm 80 of the activator link 76.
The pressure of the slide spring 54 causes the slide 13 to move
forwardly carrying with it the slide handle 14 and the bolt 12.
When the slide handle 14 reaches its forward closed position, the
depressor lug 94 forces the forward end of the rocker arm 87
downwardly which moves the rearward end of the rocker arm upwardly,
as previously described. As shown best in FIG. 11, upward movement
of the rearward end of the rocker arm 87 moves the activator link
76 upwardly about the pivot stud 75 which, in turn, causes the
secondary sear disengager arm 80 to contact the arm contact surface
114 of the interrupter disc 103 and to move the forward end of the
interrupter support member 96 upwardly about the trigger pin 35. In
the embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 to 13, the support member 96 is an
integral part of the secondary sear 40 so that upward movement of
the support member 96 causes the secondary sear 40 to move
rearwardly out of engagement with the secondary sear notch 46 of
the hammer 42. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 16 to 18, the
support member 96a and the secondary sear 40a are separate parts
both pivoted on the pivot pin 35. Upward movement of the support
member 96a moves the secondary sear 40a rearwardly out of
engagement with the secondary sear notch 46 as previously
described. When the secondary sear notch 46 is disengaged as shown
in FIG. 11, the hammer 42 is released and strikes the firing pin 30
which, in turn, strikes and fires the cartridge in the chamber
29.
When the cartridge is fired, the slide 13, slide handle 14 and bolt
12 move rearwardly and then forwardly to repeat the sequence of
operations described in the preceding two paragraphs. The rifle is
now firing automatically. After three rounds are fired, the
interrupter disc 103 is rotated to the position shown in FIG. 12 at
which position the disengager arm 80 is received in the arm
receiving notch 115 of the interrupter disc. As a result, upward
movement of the rearward end of the rocker arm 87 with concomitant
upward movement of the disengager arm 80 does not move the forward
end of the support member 96 (or 96a) upwardly and does not
disengage the secondary sear 40 (or 40a) and the secondary sear
notch 46. Automatic firing of the rifle thereupon is interrupted or
stopped. When the trigger 15 is released and allowed to return to
its usual position, the primary sear notch 45 of the hammer is
engaged and held by the primary sear 28 of the trigger while, at
the same time, the secondary sear notch 46 is released by the
secondary sear 40 (or 40a) in the manner previously described. The
rifle is once again in its cocked and ready to fire condition as
shown in FIG. 8.
When the fire control selector knob 57 is rotated to the position
"A" as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the firing mechanism is placed in
its automatic mode of operation. In its automatic mode, the
activator link positioner 73 and the automatic fire activator link
76 are at their forwardmost position at which position the trigger
pivot pin 35 is out of engagement with the pin receiving slot 81 of
the activator link and the rocker arm engaging stud 79 is in
engagement with the stud receiving slot 92 of the rocker arm 87. In
addition, as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the secondary sear
disengager arm 80 is moved forwardly beyond the point at which it
can be received in the arm receiving notch 115 of the interrupter
disc 103, the disengager arm 80 being in position to contact the
arm contact surface 114 of the interrupter disc 103 as also shown
in FIGS. 14 and 15.
When the firing mechanism is in its ready-to-fire condition
(corresponding to the condition shown in FIG. 8), the trigger 15 is
pulled to disengage the primary sear 38 from the primary sear notch
45 thereby allowing the hammer 42 to spring forward against the
rearward end of the firing pin 30 which, in turn, strikes and fires
the cartridge in the chamber 29. Pulling the trigger 15 rearwardly
about the pivot pin 35 moves the support member lifting lug 100
downwardly a corresponding distance, thereby allowing the support
member 96 to move downwardly and the secondary sear 40 to move
forwardly into position to engage the secondary sear notch 46 of
the hammer 42. In addition, rearward movement of the trigger 15
moves the activator movement preventer lug 123 into engagement with
the preventer receiving surface 84 as shown in FIG. 14.
Powder combustion gases force the slide 13, the slide handle 14 and
the bolt 12 rearwardly against the pressure of the slide spring 54.
As shown in FIG. 14, rearward movement of the slide handle 14
allows the forward end of the rocker arm 87 to move upwardly which
causes the rearward end of the rocker arm to move downwardly to the
lower position. Because the rocker arm engaging stud 79 of the
activator link 76 is in engagement with the stud receiving slot 92
of the rocker arm 87, the downward movement of the rearward end of
the rocker arm causes the activator link 76 to be rotated
downwardly about the pivot stud 75 which, in turn, moves the
secondary sear disengager arm 80 downwardly out of contact with the
interrupter disc 103 as shown in FIG. 14. Rearward movement of the
bolt 12 rotates the hammer 42 rearwardly about the pivot pin 43 so
that the secondary sear notch 46 of the hammer is engaged and
temporarily held by the secondary sear 40, as shown in FIG. 14. At
the same time, the tooth 118 of the indexing pawl 117 engages one
of the ratchet teeth 108 of the indexing ratchet 104 thereby
causing the indexing ratchet 104 and the interrupter disc 103 to
rotate an angular distance equivalent to the spacing of the ratchet
teeth 108. However, this rotation of the interrupter disc 103 has
no effect on the firing sequence as the secondary sear disengager
arm 80 has been moved forwardly beyond the point at which it can
enter the arm receiving notches 115 formed in the interrupter disc
103.
The pressure of the slide spring 54 causes the slide 13 to move
forwardly carrying with it the slide handle 14 and the bolt 12.
When the slide handle 14 reaches its forward closed position, the
depressor lug 94 forces the forward end of the rocker arm 87
downwardly which moves the rearward end of the rocker arm upwardly,
as previously described. As shown best in FIG. 15, upward movement
of the rearward end of the rocker arm 87 moves the activator link
76 upwardly about the pivot stud 75 which, in turn, causes the
secondary sear disengager arm 80 to contact the arm contact surface
114 of the interrupter disc 103 and to move the forward end of the
interrupter support member 96 upwardly about the trigger pin 35. In
the embodiment shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the support member 96 is
an integral part of the secondary sear 40 so that upward movement
of the support member 96 causes the secondary sear 40 to move
rearwardly out of engagement with the secondary sear notch 46 of
the hammer 42. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 16 to 18, support
member 96a and the secondary sear 40a are separate parts both
pivoted on the pivot pin 35. Upward movement of the support member
96a causes the secondary sear stop surface 98 to contact the stop
engaging lug 99 of the secondary sear 40a and to move the secondary
sear rearwardly out of engagement with the secondary sear notch of
the hammer 42. When the secondary sear notch 46 is disengaged as
shown in FIG. 15, the hammer 42 is released and strikes the firing
pin 30 which, in turn, strikes and fires the cartridge in the
chamber 29.
When the cartridge is fired, the slide 13, slide handle 14 and bolt
12 move rearwardly and then forwardly to repeat the sequence of
operations described in the preceding two paragraphs. The rifle
will continue to fire automatically in the manner described as long
as the trigger remains pulled and the ammunition holds out. When
the trigger 15 is released and allowed to return to its usual
position, the primary sear notch 45 of the hammer is engaged and
held by the primary sear 38 of the trigger while, at the same time,
the secondary sear notch 46 is released by the secondary sear 40 in
the manner previously described. The rifle is once again in its
cocked and ready-to-fire condition.
The automatic rifle shown in the drawings is designed to be readily
assembled and disassembled, either in the shop or in the field. All
parts of the firing mechanism are securely mounted either on the
receiver 11 or on the trigger housing 34 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4
of the drawings. As previously noted, the receiver 11 and the parts
associated therewith are inserted into the slot 26 of the stock 19
from above and the trigger housing 34 and the parts associated
therewith are inserted into the slot 26 from below, the receiver
and trigger housing being secured together by the hook-like
elements 125 of the trigger guard 16 in the manner known in the
art. The parts mounted on the receiver 11 that are intended to
cooperate with other parts mounted on the trigger housing 34 are
designed to mesh or mate together automatically, as exemplified by
the automatic engagement of the positioner engaging stud 67 by the
stud receiving slot 77 when the receiver 11 and the trigger housing
34 are secured together. When thus secured together the receiver 11
and the trigger housing 34 comprise a structure referred to herein
and in the claims as the frame of the firearm.
The various parts of the firing mechanism are advantageously
organized into sub-assemblies which are mounted either on the
trigger housing 34 or on the receiver 11. For example, the
activator link positioner 73 and the automatic fire activator link
76 comprise one such sub-assembly, and the interrupter member 96
and the indexing and interrupter assembly 102-110 comprise another
such sub-assembly, both mounted on the trigger housing 34. The
sub-assembly concept is particularly well exemplified by the
trigger, secondary sear and interrupter support member sub-assembly
shown in FIGS. 16, 17, and 18 in which the various parts are first
pivotally assembled on the assembly bushing 127 as shown best in
FIG. 17 before being pivotally mounted on the trigger housing 34 by
means of the trigger pivot 35 as shown in FIG. 16. In this
embodiment, the pivot hole portion 128 of the trigger 15 is adapted
to be received between the pair of downwardly extending pivot hole
portions 129 of the support member 96a, and the pivot hole portion
130 of the secondary sear 40a is adapted to be received in the
upper secondary sear receiving slot 131 formed in the support
member 96a and in the lower secondary sear receiving slot 132
formed in the trigger 15. To assemble the parts the support member
spring 97 is placed in the spring receiving holes 133 and 134
formed in the trigger 15 and in the support member 96a,
respectively, and the assembly bushing 127 is inserted through the
pivot hole 136 formed in one of the dependant pivot portions 129 of
the support member 96a and through the adjacent trigger pivot hole
36 of the trigger 15. The secondary sear spring 41a is then
inserted in the spring receiving hole 138 formed in the trigger 15
and the pivot hole portion 130 of the secondary sear 40a is
inserted into the upper and lower secondary sear receiving slots
131 and 132. The assembly bushing 127 is then completely inserted
through the pivot hole 140 of the secondary sear and the pivot
holes 36 and 136 of the trigger 15 and support member 96a as shown
in FIG. 17. The resulting assembly is then mounted on the trigger
housing as shown in FIG. 16.
* * * * *